Newspaper Page Text
BYO.ftW. ROBERTSON,
ruM-iantn. or the law. or tiie union.
DAII.V FAI'KH, !!!!!!! EIGHT HOI.I.AK8.
COUNT AY PAVER, i * * J t : FIVF, DOLLARS.
From Hit IFuMngtm City Oiucttc, Ang. 5.
COMMODORE PORTER’S TRIAL.
Aliy cnminumctttioB proceeding from tho in given to the public, by which it .will bo
officer next in command, in thin military de-
, _ » „ , 1 iiartmrnt will be rccoivod and attonded to.
After adjourning tor two successive days . 1 (Signed) G. M. TROUP.
it limit rlninia nnu Imoi tiaiuia Mr Inti na tliiul ««'. '1. ' Bt n N-B
mem
TUESDAY MORNING. AUGUST 16.
Election in Bevtember.—Tiie follow
ing gentlemen who have been announced,
have declined being considered candidates
for the City Council:
Moses Sheftall, Anthony Pohtkr,
James Roberts. J. C. Habersham, P. P.
Thomasbon, George A Ash, Frederick
Densler, W. B. Bulloch, T. U. P. Charl
ton.
Several documents of high importance
will bo found in our columns this day, ex
tracted from the Milledgevillo papers. A-
mong these is a note from the Special
'Agent, Major Andrew's, reinstating Col.
Crowell in his olftce of Agent of Indian Ai-
fairs. This was to be expected as a matter
of course,after the predetermination expres
sed in his favor by Major A. in the letter
containing his temporary suspension. Major
Andrew's passed through Clieraw, S. C. on
the 5th inst. on his way to Washington.
A letter from Governor Troup will also
be found among the documents published,
suspending intercourse on the part of this
state with General Gaines, and a copy of a
fetter from the Secretary at War.atWasb-
ngton, containing the final inetrutions ofthe
general government to General Gaines, in
the event ofthe survey ol the Creek Lands
by the Authorities of jho State.
The National Intollignnccr and Journal
contain the first portion of tho defence of
Commodore Porter before the Court Martial
now sitting. It fills five and a half closely
printed columns in those papers, &i will pro
bably extend to ss many more. The length
fit importance ofthe public documents relat
ing to our state affairs preclude the possibili
ty of itBpublication entire. We have, there
fore copied a condensed view of it from the
Washington Gazette.
Governor Troup has been appointed a
trustee of the University of Georgia, in the
»o om of John A. Cuthbert, Esq, whose seat
is vacated by a rule of the Board. Dr.
Waddell remains President ofthe Institu
tion i Professor Olds has resigned the chair
of Natural Plilwplij,. Hr* Henry
Jackson has been appointed to supply the
vacancy. The Annual commencement took
place on the 3d inst. The Georgia Journal
jQntcs, that public expectation was more
than fulfilled.
The British frigate Phmton, capt. Stuart,
having on board tho right honorable Ch arles
B- Vaugn, minister to this country from
Grear Britain, sailed on the 11th ultimo,
and may be daily expected. She will land
hfr. Vaughan at Ana|iolis.
Captain Leftwitcb of Russelville, Ken
tucky, in behalf of an association formed
lor that purpose, has obtained from the go-
gernment of Mexico, a grant of land be
tween G ami G millions of ucrcs, in the pro
vince of Texas ; it consists of land ceded a-
way by the U. States in exchange for the
Floridas, and lies along the borders of Lou
isiana. One of the conditions of the grant
is, that a certain number of settlers shall be
obtained, with an exemption from taxation
for five ye&rB,
The editor of tho Alexandria Phcenix
ssys, that of thirty-three captuins in tha U.
States Navy, twenty-two are now in the
City ofWashington. Part of these it is
said, are under arrest; part arc giving tes
timony against the accused, and the remain
der are occupied in trying the validity of
tho charges !
In Charleston, on Wednesday last, the
Thermometer at 10 o’clock, reached 04 and
8i degrees.
Cuba.—We observe by the N.Oilcnns pa
pers, that intelligence has been recently re
ceived in that city,concerning tho statement
we some time ago published, respecting the
treaty between Spain and France, by which
Cuba and Porto Rico were to be occupied
by the latter. It would seem, according to
some accounts, that this business is to be
managed in such a way bb not to give um
brage to Great Britaiuftlie United States,
or the South American Republics j for al
though Vives is to be superceded, and a
successor appointed entirely under French
influence, the Spanish flag is still to wave
on the castle, and the business ot the cus
tom house is to be conducted as if no alte
ration had taken place. It is supposed that
the concentration of* largo French fleet,
which was lately off St. Domingo, has some
reference to this arrangement.—.£ Past.
The U- S. steam galliot Sea ,Gull, Lt.
M’Koever, from Key West,via Norfolk, ar-
tvvod at Philadelphia on the- 4tli inst.
without doing any business, Mr. Jones, this I
day entered on the defence ’hr the accused.
We separate, for the present notico from
our more dotaiind notes of Captain Por
ter’s defence, a few ofthe points which wero
touched upon to-day. It was contended
that tiio charge which related to Foxardo
Mnj. Gen. E. P. Gaines,
Commanding.
Sin
Department or War,
Juty 81, 1025
Your letter letter of tho 25th of June
025 |
commenced gravely with nn allegation of addressed to Major. Vandoyontor, has.been
misconduct, in invading the territory of a received,*io answer of which has been m-
foreign government, and then without refe- tontionully delayod till the resu t ot Goner-
ronce cither to the defined laws or any in- al Gaines’interview with the Indians at Brrt-
structinus on the Bubjoct, broadly concludes be’t Arrow, should he received, os the 1 ro-
the transgressions to have been against tho sidont had anxiously hoped hi the acquios-
prineiplea of the Constitution : so that, to cence of tho Indians to the treaty, to hove
seek tor a construction of tho dutios which found the necessity ol replying to your on-
it was incumbent on that officer to perform, quiries, entirely obviated. But as tho com-
& to find out whether, in thoir execution.he tnunications trom Gen. Gaines recently re
acted bo os to bo brought within tho com- jeeived have entirely destroyed that hope, a
prehension of that cliurgo, it was first ne- rt ply has become necessary. The Indians
cessary to embark into a complete analysis
of that constitution, in which, directly or in-
fcrciitially. such an implication might be
perceived my suspension is withdrawn and
my innocence established. This opinion of
iny innocenco is subject to revisal by the
supremo Executive Authority ofthe Union:
before that ulterior decision, it would be ob- ploved to accompany
viiiiihIv itnnrnnpp in miKlioli m., .1. • :_ .'i.I n_ i. m.iU.i
and children expressed, there was no time
for such conversation, before he was literal
ly shot to pieces by the allies of thoir Majes
ties George tiie 3u and 4th,
In the month of May, 1022, I was em- iimcnts. which have already been Bor „j
Mr. Lee Compere in- before the public, but which, perhaps
only reqnfte to he known eut of the
In hrtnnr onnuir.linn ...... _ "*’■
to bring conviction to every unpreiui iemt
mind, that there is cause for this teulitm
Our materiula^are derived from official
found. That it was rather incumbent on
the prosecution to prove the existence of
such orders os specified certain prohibitions
and designated certain rules of action that
hud been violated, than for the accused to
defend himself against Allegations founded
upon constructive duties. The Counsel,
however, went into an elaborate and beauti
ful illustration of thoso principles which,
even by the law of nations ^usttied his con
duct, and gratuitously defended points of
accusation which, though vaguely described
were not only such as Grotios and all other
writers upon National Law ]iad made even
permissive,bat which inculcated their petbr*
mancens social obligations, and came down
to our laws and the civil rules of conduct,
applicable to such cases, as understood by
the various eminent statesman who had
treated ofthe subject, to satisfy conclusively
tnat not only no orders have been violated,
but that the most responsible career had
been conducted with just prudence. The
pirates were considered by all nations flostis
humani generis. and that wherever they
were lobe found they were to be punished
either in their character of enemy to the
human race, when seeking refuge in the
territory of a neutral, or, if aided by
those neutrals as co-belligerents. against
the laws of nations, that as between the rest
Of*the world and those buccaneers no na
tion could he at peace, and that whether
pursuing them under the latitude of that
commission, which all moral law gives, or
under the sanction of any municipal decree
the saino conduct was to he pu.Bued, and
the same punishment inflicted. Tnat in i he
universality ofsubterfuge,device,stratugeni.
and pursuit, which accompanied the con
duct and arrangement of pirates, n«» certain
guide could be givmi, by which the conduct
of an officer, seeking their extinction, could
be regulated; that much was left to the
discretion, the vigilance, and understanding
ol the officer in whose hands were placed
these undefined powers, whose exercise
were to be justified and regulated by pecu
liar circumstances.—That, independent of
this, the time and course of his conduct was
regulated by those very instructions, which
had been brought in array agaiust him, that
these instructions contained not only the de
finition of piracy in accordance with all the
writers on the snbject, but explained in
the fullest terms the effective means which
Were to be used for its euppreaeion ; nod
connected with those, were the various pre
cedents of other officers, who had not only
invaded the shores of a foreign power, to
seek, disarm, and destroy pirates, but where
it might be said, whole provinces had b*'en
attacked, and had capitulated, tho parties
themselves not being actors, but mere abet
tors ofthe violators of human right*—That
pirates having been the object of his voyage
and the arms of the Republic placed in his
hands tor tiie pursuit ho could not have re
mained a spue tutor to violations upon our
citizens and property without using those
arms. ,
't hat his arts th^re were not like thus*
ofGerteral Jackson, against which (however
worthy,) the Spanish nation w re com
plaining on the one han't, and the citizens of
our own on the other hut that the l »c:*l au
thorities of.Foitrdo hid. by Mibsf q iently us-
ngtlae most friendly and co’Tte' u ; . c.'»n u •»
endeavoved t.n wipe * ft »he stigma which tneir
vinlencv and illegality was about imposing nn
their names* Tha ho re was no e.y for inves
[ig.tion—no complaint bv »ny i ffrer mitnos
ing the protc ding* -‘>ut tli it approbation had
spontaneously been given n*»t only by those
who we e in service at the time, hut bv lh..s«
against whom his outage was pretender* —
Tnat where the conduct < f Jtckson, who hi d
done so much good for the republic, had no
on'y been excused, but appended he entt'd
not be reprehensible w ill the name powers,
in (h*? less execution of them. That the Pre
sident of the United States, in his me .sage to
Congress in 1817, speaks the very language
of h i conduct $ for there, where expedition*
hsd been set on foot against East Florid* bj
individuals doming to act under authority
from some of the colonies, wh?-e the adven
tures hau been piojecled and commenced
with inadcq istc force, und “ reliance had
been plac'd” on what might be drawn in de
fiance ol our laws from with'n our own limits j
he complains that the islands might be made
achanuelfor the illicit introduction of siave*
from Africa, into the U Stares, an i a p*>rt o-
smuggling of every ki: d : and, that a j ist re
gardfor the rights ofthe U. States inquirer
that they should be suppressed, he inform 1
Congress that orders had accordingly bet
issued 10 that effect ard that tne imperious
considerations which produced the me.su -e
would be explained to the parties whom it con
cerned.
The defence continued to illustrate; by
various and recent precedents, the justification
** his conduct, and the imperious necessity
vhich called for those acts—and, the Counse
not being able t conclude the de-eame m.daj
the Court adjourned until to morrow, at tei.
o'clock.
OFFICIAL PAPERS.
Executivk Department, Geo. )
. Mlledgeville, Glh Aug. 1825. \
Sin—A letter purporlingto be yours, which
appeared in the last Georgia Journal, and
having every characteristic of an official
one, could not fail to attract my attention.
Immediately therefore on my return to this
place, euquiry was made at the Department
lor the originnal, and I learned with surprize
that none such had been received. The
proper means wero then resorted to, to as
certain tho authenticity of tho published
letter, and having boen satisfied that tho
same was in your proper hand writing,. I
have lost no time to direct you to forbear
further intercourse with this government.
totfie number of 1800 including a large nia-1 misslonere, since I fool confident, that such
jority of their Chiefs and head men of the j publications will be ascribed te their lcgitt-
tribe, have denounced tho treaty, ne tainted mate causes; and since I have too much
alike with intrigue and treachery, and as confidence in the justice of my countrymen,
■ the act of a very small portion of the tribe
against tho express determination of a very
large majority, a determination known to the
commissioners. They urge that to enforce a
compliance with an instrument thus obtain
ed would illy bewme either the justico or
the magnanimity ofthe United Stales under
which they claim to take shelter. These
are allegstiondpresenting a question beyond
the cognizance ot the Executive, and ne
cessarily refers itselfto Congress, whoso at
tention will be called to it on an early day
after the next annual meeting. Mnunwliilc
i lie President acting on the treaty as though
its validity had not been impeached, finds by
reterreiicetothe eighth article of the treaty
the fuitli of tho United States solemnly pled
ged to protect the Creek Indians from any
encroachment till their removal in Septem
ber 1826. He therefore decides that the
entering upon nnd surveying their lands be
fore that period, would bean infraction of
the trenty. whose interpretation and execu
tion, should it remain uneancclled, are alike
confided to him. I am, therefore directed
by the President to state distinctly to j’our
Excellency, that for the present he will not
permit such entry or survey to be mude.
Tho pain the president has felt in coming
to this decision is diminished by the recollec
t on that it imeric e wi h no doty imposed on
your excellency by tiie laws of Georgia, us
a discretion is given you by thu laic law uf
the Legislature ill prescribing the time when
i he lands embraced bv the treaty shall be
surveyed. Under all the circumstances the
President permits himself to hope that you
will acquiesce in his decision. As Gen.
Gaines has been in communication with you
on this subject, nnd as it is the wish ofthe
president you shuld be in possession of every
measure he may find himself constrained to
take thereon, I am directed lu enclose to
your Excellency n copy of General Gaines’
ns're' nB of this date.
I have tile honor to lie, yonrob’t. serv’t
(Signed) JAMES BARBOUR.
His Excellency G. M. Troup.
Governor of Georgia.
I certify the foregoing to be a correct co
py from the recurd ofthis office.
C. VANDGVENTER.
War Department. July 53, 1825.
yiously improper to publish my defence, or: to the Creek Nation, to aid and assist him, condensed form, may be read and rcHect i
I summary of tho .evidence upon which it in establishing a Missionary School among upon hy those who appear to have f ortu ,
is founded ; but aftor it is officially annotate- 1 the natives'of that nation, the direction of ten them, or whose interest it istolei.
od, that impropriety will no longer exist; which wss to bo under that reverend gen-’ - 1 -— ™
then I hope to ho able to do so, whereby I! tleman Lee Compero, a subject ol’his Royal
trust I shall succcod in removing every j Majesty George the 4tl, (though 1 did not
doubt from the minds of the mont sceptical, | knuw that until I set out to accompany him.)
and silence every scruple of the most cusuis-1 On our way to, and in the nation, he ob'
ticul portion of the community. The pub- " * " - ■•• •
lie will then be ablfe to form a just judgment
between my accuser and myself. Until
that period arrives, he can continue the
course he hns pursued throughout the in
vestigation, in publishing whnt ho pleases,
whether in the shape of evidence collected
frpnrte. or in the shape of reports of Com
te apprehend their effects, when tho motives
which influence my accuser to such a course
are so obviously plain that “lie who runs
may read” them. JOHN CROWELL.
August 2d, 1825.
MiLt.Enr.Evii.LE, August t, 1825.
Sin—I acknowledge the receipt of your
defence, nccoropunie.l by thu testimony col
lected to rebut the charges preferred against
you hy his Excellency Governor Troup, os
well as tho testimony taken agaiust you by
a Committee ofthe Legislature of Georgia,
and that interspersed throughout the volume
of documents furnished me by the Governor
of Georgia.
Aftor a diligent examination of all the
testimony taken on both sides during the
investigation and coming before me. 1 feel
it incumbent on me to say, that I consider
you, in reference to the churges made
against you, not only an innocent, but a
much injured man. This result is the more
honorable to you,-as you have only had it
in yuur power to avail yourself of voluntary
testimony.
I shall make this report to tho Secretary
of War, to whom you will look for the da
emon of the President, which will confirm
nr reverse this opinion. In the mean time
you will consider your suspension as with
drawn.
With respect, sir. your ob’l. serv’t.
T P. ANDREWS, Special Agent.
To Col. John Crowell,
Indiun Agent, fltc. &c.
REV. LEE COMPERE.
FBUM THE COLUMBIAN STAn.
Furl Mitchell, July, 1825.
Dear Brother,
I avuil myself of on opportunity to
write to you from this place, lust some un
fair representations should be made of mu,
for the parti have taken in the reesnt oc
currences. In a time of such excitement
mid confusion, we have not been suffered,
for reasons that will shortly be made plain
to occupy, in every respect, a neutral
ground.
When the attempts were making, to treat
with the Indians, we considered it n» out
duty to interfere as little as possible ; and
that there should be no plausible pretext
against us, I thought it best to remain at
home, and not attend either of tho councils.
But of late, we have thought it our duty to
adopt rather a different course.
The obvious corruption attending the
treaty—together with the influence it was
making on the minds of these poor oppres
sed peoplp—ns well ns involving in it the
honor ofthe United States—induced mo, at
a very early period aftor its ratification, to
make a statement of the matter. This
statement will soon be seen to be correct,
oxcept in one instance, where there is a
circumstantial error.
It was with great reluctance I loft home
at the present time, to attendthis mooting;
(COPY)
Department oe War, 1
July 21 At, 1825. (
Stn—Yours ofthe 5th inst has been duly
received with tiie accompanying documents.
I am directed by the President to express
his regret at the failure of your eflbrts to ro-
concile the Creeks to an acquiesccnco in
the treaty made at the Indian Springs, as it
was his sincere desire to havo seen it curried
into effect. But tho do erminod opposition
of the Indians to the Treaty itself, on the
nlledged grounds of intrigue ami treachery,
on the part of tiie portion of tiro tribe nego
tiating the treaty, ns well as the smallness
of their numbers, from which they argue
its invalidity, and tlicir solemn appeal to the J and nothing but ivliat I considered ns
justice and magnanimity of tlm United j absolute cull in Providence, could have in
states, create such an obligation that ivc I dut-ed me. IwascalloduponbyCol.Croiv-
sliould, at least pause before we proceed, or i el, to attend tho meeting—and by Major
permit others to do so, until these ullegn-| Andrews I liuve been required to make a
lions can bn thoroughly investigated and • statement in relation to the Agent, lor the
their effect derided by the proper au-! information of the government,
thority ; the more especially, as tho eighth I I am happy to state that, after a full ex
article ofthe treaty gives till September of animation, we have come to such nn undes-
tho next year, befurc the treaty is to be car- standing, as induces me to believe that we
tied into effect, and guarantees them from shall, in future, have no cause of complaint,
encroachment till that time. It is in tiiis For the satisfaction of our brethren, 1 must
posture of affairs Gov. Troup insists that ho beg that you will mnke an inquiry of Major
will survey the land. A collision by overt Andrews, on his return to Washington. I
acts between the Executive of the Union, am happy to slate, that he has acted a gen-
aml that ol a state is so against Ihe theory ' crons, a kind, and a friendly part. He will
ofthe Constatiou, and so repugnant to the feel a pleasnro in giving such a statement,
feelings ofthe President, that lie would de- j as, I am persuaded, will satisfy all parties—
termine only under a solemn sense of duty ; that I have done no more than my obliga
to do an act by which so serious a result lions to the general government, and to the
would be produced. | cause of humanity required. As I wish to
If Gov. Troup should however persevere j live in the affection and confidence of my
in his declared purpose of surveying the land brethren—which to me is next to living in
against the repeated remoiistrunces of this the approbation ol'u merciful God—I must
Department, it will present one ofthe most I again heg, for my satisfaction, that you will
unfortunate events which have yet occurred ; wait on that gentleman,
in our history. Its possible occurrence hns j When I left home, our family, excepting
induced the president to weigh with the de- i two of inv little children, wero well as usual-
liberate circumspection made necessary, as Our Indian children have been absent for
well by its serious consequences as its high some time, but have mostly returned ; and
responsibility- His decision thereon has our prospects, ill the midst of all our diffi-
been made and transmitted to Gov. Troup culties, seem to brighten I havo all along
in a letter ofthis date, a copy of which 1 in- j been very careful ngninst awakening an exc
close fur your information, and by wliicli : pcctation that might not, aftor all be reali-
you will learn the lino of conduct which the ; zed; but recent circumstances constrain me
President has prescribed to himself. to say—I am obliged to hope that the Lord
It is stil devoutly to bo ho|ied that Gover-1 is with us. Clouds have gathered thick a-
or Troup will abstain from any act that may ! round us, and storms have almost besd rea-
make it necessary to have recourso to the i dy to break over our heads—but I b-'lieve
stops suggested : yet shuuld lie persevere in that they will eventually empty themselves
sending persons tosurvey the Innds einbra- ’ —
cod within the Treaty, yon are hereby au
thorized to emply the military to provent
their entrance nn thn Indian Torrinr
their entrance on the Indian Territory, or
if they should succeed in entering the coun
try, to cause them to be arrested, and turn
them over to the judicial authority, to be
dealt with as the law directs. I have only
to add that I have transmitted to Gov. Troup
a copy of this communication.
1 have the honor, &c.
(Signed) JAMES BARBOUR.
To Mai. Gen. E. P. Gaines.
I certify the foregoing to bo a correct co
py from the record ofthis office.
C. VANDEVENTER ChiefCIork.
War Department, July 23, 1823.
in mercy on our institution.
Yours, in the best of bunds,
L. COMPERE.
TO THE PUBLIC.
It will be recollected that at the com
mencement of the investigation against me
of the charges preferred by his Excellency
Go”. Troup, I assured my friends and the
uui ruu|i| i BSnUrGU iny incnus nnd me
Having thought proper to make represen- public, that it would result in the establish-
tations ot your conduct to the President, I j ment of my entire innocence. The oxtm-
ordered you to be furnished with a inatioo has now closed, and the opinion of
...j^.i Pyorylo^r written on your subject, the Special Agent, Muj. Andrews, contain-
aud which, will reach you in due time. od in his letter to me of the 1st Aug. inst.
/ .
FOR THE JOURNAL
Mcnrt. Camack if Rangland.—Rending
a copy of a letter to the editor ofthe South
ern Intelligencer, dated Withington Sta
tion, May 10th, 1825, and signed L. Com
pere, who professes to be a dispenser of
peace, and an instructor in and of truth, ap
pears to havo been misinformed (unless ne
was present in Iudian' habiliments and his
eyes deceived him) with regard to the con
duct of Gen. Win. M’Intosh, ofthe Creek
Nation, whan the incendiaries and murder
ers who assassinated him made the attack
on him and his buildings.
It can be well authenticated by a respec
table citizen of Fayette county, and a mem
ber ofthe Baptist Church, who was pre
served that a mojurity of the British gov
ernment was friendly disposed towards the
United Slates of America ; that the Bri
tish never impressed any of our seamen
blit such trifling fellows as enlisted them
selves under the British government to
servo it; that General Andrew Jackson
was a blood-thirsty tyrant, a cruel murder
er, and to ought have been hung for having
Arliurthnot and Ambrister executed; that
they were poor innocent men, endeavoring
to make an honest support by trading with
the natives; that he, the said Compere, had
read all the documents submitted by Gen.
Andrew Jackson tothcgcneral government;
that half ofthum were lies, he knew ; that
the United Stales had cheated the poorig
iiornnt Indians out of a fine country for a
song; and, that he did not think they would
get any more land from the Indians soon.
Such observations as the above made me
determine, if possible to prevent the said
Compere from going into the nation as Mis
sionary ; but mangreal! my opposition, the
far-fetched Englishman mimt go.
Alter Mr. Compere and myself returned
from the nation, lie attended a meeting at
Mount Gilead Meeting-House, Putnam
county—Ho observed to the Pastor and
two Doacons of the Church, that ho was
surprised at the people ofthe United States
running boundary lines for states through
the Indian’s country where they had no
right—It was no country of theirs; 'he had
no business to make boundnry lines m the
nation. The next day, lie observed to the
congregation, that lie thought it was as lit
tle as it could do for each one to contribute
ji small amount thr the education of and
evangelizing- the poor ignorant Indians,
on whose lund you are now living: or whose
it was, which yon got. for little or nothing.
A part of the above expressions were mude
by Mr. Compere to a Mr. Elijah alias Eli
slia Echols of Lincoln comity, Georgia,
whom we overlook oil the great road lead
ing from the Indian Epriug to Marshall’s
Ferry, on Fhnt river.
On Tuesday before MoTntosh was mur
dered, I left his house. J'.ie evening before
he expres-ed to me his views, concerning
the treaty, in an open and candid manner.
He observed tliut ins lather the President
and Congress had contracted and bound
themselves to Georgia for a large portion of
the nation; that the nation only held it as a
man would a stray horse, which he claimed
until demanded by tho owner; that Georgia
claimed and would, according to stipulation
with Congress, have herb mndary; that his
father the President demanded the lands
for Georgia, and had offered and given as
good and as large a country, well stocked
with game and bunt beside ; so that I think,
said he, it is best for my people to go there,
where they can hold a good title, without
being harrnssud by claims.
Now will uny one read this, and believe
Mr. Compere, when he states that the Ge
neral was an ignorant man. No; he will
say his views were correct. Yes, as much
so, as when he voluntarily fought for his
only friends, the white men of the United
States, against the British nation, which I
verily believe cnnsotl Mr. Compere’s hatred
to that honorable, that veltiahle, and that
brave citizen oft lie Creek nation.
J. II. ROOKER.
MAncHiNO op Taooes.—We learn from
Pensacola, that Col. Clinch received orders
to despaten all the U. States’ troops station
ed in that neighbourhood to l-’or*. Mitchell,
Georgia. The order did not mention for
what purpose. Tho troops accordingly
mnrclied. under the command ofMajor Do-
iiulio—nnd a force, it is also stated, joined
there from Baton Rouge, mailing 8 or 780
troops. There is no doubt that this force,
after nn expensive inarch of several hundred
miles, is destined for Georgia; but whether
to protect the state against the Indians, or
the Indians against the state, we cannot
say.
Il is a sptlled principle, in alt disputes,
in states, between the Imliuns and local an-
tlmriticstn liaveTecoursete thornUilin ns the
natural and proper dfecnce. Indeed every
encouragement should be given.;o states to
rely on this thoir best and surest protection,
because it may not always be convenient
fur the general govormneut to afford the aid
of our small army, an-.Uhere inny not always
bo an iticiinalinn on the part ofthe govern
ment to comply with the requisition of a
stele.
Georgia must have 40 or 58.080 men ar
med and equipped. 5 nr linn Indians in that
state have been committing murder, and
making difficulties, and an armed force is
necessary to keep them ill order.—Instead
if taking troops from the cantonments in
Florida, and marching i Intel several him _
dred miles, in hot. weather, nnd at a great . R tj capable, and no tribe or pi
expense, the president should have required
the commander ill-chief of the militia in
in Georgia to have ordered out 1200 men,
duly equipped for service, to be placed un
der the command of Gun. Gaines, and to be
continued in pay as long ns public good re
quired. This was all that was necessary—
and we see in the movement of these U.
States’troops something that is not alto
gether right. Time will determine this.
JVWi’i Ado.
AN APPEAL
TO THE PEOPf.E OF THE UNITED
STATES.
BY A GEORGIAN.
NO. III.
Or Inptan lands in Georoia.^Iii
what has been tho subject of our pre
ceding remarks, wo have grounds of alarm
and complaint, in common with the whole
southern states ; and we hazard nothing in
saying, shall meet tlicir undivided support.
It is a question with which our constitution
al rights and our personal safety are so in
timately connected, that there can bo no
difference of opinion as to the course to be
sent at the horrid scene, that the GoneraT pursued, Bhould they bo invaded by the arm "
did not shoot at, but only flashed his gun at (of power, or the no less dangerous sapping
the incendiaries from his stair ease ; in go-1 and mining of fanaticism. We now ap
ing down to meet his awful fate. Had his, proach a subject which is more local in its
gun fired clear, he would have, in all proba- : character, but in which as deep a feeling
bility, despatched one; and os for any feel-'and as just a sense of wrong is entertained
ing enquiries made and distress of womqn in this state as on|tho former; and the facts
them to repose . ----- lem
At the declaration of the Independent,
ofthe United States, the state of G c „ lt ,
possessed all the lauds now forming iu
states of Georgia, Alabama and Missis,(n?
with the exception of those portions of u,
two last states which formed a part oI FU
ids and Louisiana. This claim was tbund
ed on the “ Charter of Incorporation uf o'
proprietary government, and on the R„ J
Commissions issued to the Governors u f f|
state, after the Commissioners had surn-n*
dered their charter to the crown." 'ru
right to these limits was recognized by Cm
gross on several occasions, and the
limits finally settled by a treaty, emur.A
into between the Government oftlie (J j|lt j
States, and tho state of Georgia mtu
year 1802. By this compnet “ tiie fiutM
States obtained a surrender of thu right of
Georgia, to the sovereignty nnd soil of two
states, containing by estimate eighty ti*
millions of acres of lond, for the cotnpam
tively trifling consideration of Jl .^50 oco*
out of the proceeds of that lan<f and of *
promise to extinguish the Indian Title t,
the land within the territorial limits tin;
ceded to the United Slates, as spun ag ;!
co>'d be done peaceably and on letiBoiiuUa
terms. The execution uf this tmupa^. k*
marks the Committee of thu Huasuof Rup,
rcsentntivps of the United States, on the.
15th of April, 1823, produced n*» chimn ;u
the right of Georgia, to the sovcraijnitv' and
soil of the lond within lu.r newly dotincl
boundaries. Iis only effect was, to throw
upon the United States the i;xpi»r.8.j wlii. h
might attend the extinguishment of the It,,
diau Title, an expense, which, but fur tine
compact, must have been bnriiu by tlu-sim ,
Nor did this compact in the tnjrlitm»
cmnstonee, add to Ihc title of tho li.ilmi: j
it recognized only the claim which they, ;«
1 idinns, were allowed to have. acporditi» »<.
the usvngert of the stntrs. nnd thu iibnii: ji„i.
icy adopted towards them by the Genual (Juc-
eminent.
The vulue to the United States Govern*
ment of tins cession ol Georgia, tnay le
judged of by the following si atem-mt:
1. The cession to the United Ntaiuti Gov
ernment, contained the soil of Un* siate*if
Alabama am! Mississippi, comprising eight. •
six millions of arces ol land, wliicn, a! ^
per acre, would amount in value tuo/n L.v
dreil and seventy-two millions of thill nn!
2. Ofthis amount, $4,512,858 hud actu
ally boen received in 1823, into tin* Unr.i’i
States Treasury, exclusive of Missinsi^i
Stock, and according to the the credit si *
tem of the United States, there was line
rfMIUUt flU
3- The land ceded to the United State*
by the Indinus, and not theu sold, was 2i : *
538,800 acres.
4. And there yet remained of tho boJ
ceded by Georgia to the United States, as
hunting grounds for the Indians, 22,977,576
acres.
This short statement shews the immense
benefit derived by the United States tram
the trenty. History does not shew an in-
9tance in which one government hi a obtain
ed a cheaper or easier bargain from anoib-
cr. An empire for a mere song—t territo
ry larger than some of the kingdoms of Eu*
rope, Tor a sum not half the amount of t
year's salary to the monarch. Ifet. unM
various pretences, to this day a settleuifiil
has never been effected. At Jirst, the min-
ey which had been promised and which wei
to have been paid, out of the sales of t.'ie
land, was said not to be sutheient to satisfy
ihe Haim—thin was disproved. After tin?,
by the mode adopted, of treating with tfc*
Indians, and tho means which had been ta
ken, perhaps from good motives, to fester
ideas of property and national independence,
a unanimous consent to a cession w«« found
impossible, nnd it was declared impossible
to obtain it on pencenble and rcaso/mlile
terms. The subject is now of mow
importance, because it is believed such fake
and discolored statements will be mails to
CongreRn, as to induce n tout ion to invali
date tho Inst trenty, formed under cwf
untownrd circumstance*
It will be only nccessnrv to enquire wM
has been the course pursued by the Gener
al Government, in relation to the Indian*
in other states, and to contract it with ilfot
pursued towards Georgia, in the tulji'ni^rt
of a solemn compact, so ndvantngcwis to
one of the parties to if, and so plain »[* ''•*
provisions as to the other. We.quote from
tho report wo have before referred In:
In 1817, we hear the President Mr.
roe, arguing for the extinction of nil the
claims to Indian Lnads, within tlio United
States, without reference to the feeling* or
pretended rights which have sinvo t»o. ^
conceded to them in Georgia, thus
hunter state can exist only iu the vast un
cultivated desert. It yields to the w’f*
dense and compact form and greater fifi*
ofcivilized population, und of right it ous
to yield; for tho earth was given to man*
kind to support the greatest number of wn» i
s capable, and no tribe or people^ have *
right to withhold from the rights °* t . ”
more than is necessary for tlicir owu sup
port and comfort.”
In a letter of the 29th July.
Secretary of War says to Mr- MMinn*
speaking of the attempts to prevent J •
Cherokee8 from going to Arkansas. ‘‘J’
United States will not permit the trenty
be defeated by stich moans. Those wjj
choose to remain arc permitted to do s* 1
quiet—those who choose to emigrate, rou?*
bo equally free.” And furthet • “I 1 *”,
vain for the Cherokees to hold out (he nig
tone which they do, as to their iiidcpt; •
dencoos a nation ; for doily proot w e * 1
ited, that were it not for the protectingoi
of the United States, they would " cC0 .,
the victims of fraud and violence. .
M’Minn tells the Cherokees, in cW” orn \'
with this declaration, in his talk to *
Chiefs, ofthe 23d of November, 1818. »
must surely be, my brothers, that you VI *
me as au imposter, acting upon mv own .
thority, with a view to deceive the nW «
or that you flatter yourselves with tne
expectation that the United Status c *°-
execute a measure of general defence
the safety of her citizens, which™* 1 ’
the slightest degree, affect younnW*w
your wishes.” The agents a ; , 0
nn tinnualfied right in the United State*
take from the Indians any of their laud*
public use.
Thus jar the Committee—that no cf ,n g
has taken place since Mr.
come into office, is shewn by th
ing talk of Governor Iiard of Arkm^ 1 **
