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.V - T* c*oftuuuon ud laws of ih nation,
r ** #i “* e * t * , 7 Mthoritv, aad the light* of Iri
r PWK M !JI f .“V* fodocemencte the House of Reare tentative*
oi tht hi* Majeiy • PmriMt, to addtoft roar Lord At ip at a time, when
•eor attention to the firitift Colonics, thtirtMMftien with, and depea
dance app the Mother State, tad their right* a* Aabjeft*, feent to he
**P°/ t *** *>•* •* the* atone, bet to the whole Bin pi re.
Thao House can speak oaly for the people of one Province: let no Af-
SeaUf o* thi* continent, ir is pre fumed, tan long he filtat, under aa
apprehewioaj that withoot the aid of foae powerfel advocate, the liher
*<• es America will be bo sore.
It ill cause which the House i* a fared your Lord hip has a heart:
Aad the pa experience of year patronage, and the eobl* exertions yon
were pleated tq make far them in a fate time es did refs, affords the Bronx-
4t P* wr inlaenea will dill be employed ia their
hmU. aa far aa yoer Lordihip will judge to he right.
If. mallfese the eonftitution i* fixed ; and the supreme Iwggif
lative powy of the.aitloa, from thence derives it* authority: Can that
Bower overleap the bounds of the confutation, .without subverting its own
foundation ? If the remoteil fubiefts are hound hy the ties of allegiance,
witch this people and their fere-fasher* bare ever acknowledged; are they
Aot, by the rule* of equity, entitled to all the rights of that eonftitution,
which ale cr tata s aid limits both foverrigaty and allegiance I If it is an
eiTcntMl unalterable right ia nature, ingrafted into the Britilh conftitud
©n as a,fundamental law, and ever held sacred tad ir.evoktsble by tie
fubjefts within the realm, that mbmt it m mats stars, a ttfy'oluttif Jw run;
and that aa man hath a right to take it from him without his confcnt:
May not the iubjefts of this Province, with decent firmnefs, which has
always diftiuguilhed the happy fubjeft* of Britain, plead and maintain
this natural conftitution.nl right.
1 he superintending authority of his Majesty’s high Coart of Parliament
over she whole- Bnrptre, in adl cases which can consist with the funda
mental rights of the cotoftitutt'oa, was never questioned in this Province,!
hor, n this House conceive, in any other : But they tntreat your Lord
tbip’a rAiefHon One moment, on an ASt of Parliament pal Ted in the last
Iwtfiois; mod another in the fourth of his prefant Majesty’s reign ; both
imposing duties on his fubjefts in America, which, as they are impoted
With the foie and etprefs purposes of raifsag a revenue, are in elect taxes.
The pofitvon, that taxation and reprefntatioa are inseparable, is fodnd- ,
*d on the immutable laws of nature. But tht Americans had no repre
ten tat ion in the Parliament, when they were taxed : Arp they not tha
unfortunate in thefc instances; in having that separated, which God and
Nature had joined. Buds are the local circnmltaacc* of the Colonies, at
the distance es a thoofand leagues from the metropolis, and teparated hy
a wide ocean, as will forever render a just and equal representation in the
supreme iegiflative, utterly impracticable. Upon thi* consideration, it
ia conceived, that his royal predeeeflors thought it equitable to
form legislative bodies in America, as perfe&ly free as a fubordinatisn
to the fupremt legislative would admit of, that the incftiaublc right, of
being taxed only by Rcprefentacives of their own free eleilion, might be
preserved and (ccurcd to their fubjeflt here. Thu Americans have ever
been coafidcred by the nation as fabjefts remote; and fucceediag Rings,
•ven to (he present happy reign, and until thefa AAt were aaade, here
always dfirefted their requisitions to be laid before the Reprefoutativcs of
their people in America, with which this Province, and it ia prefaced,
all the other Colonies, have with the utmolt chearfulanfs, comrplied.
Must it not then be grievous to fubjedls, who have, in many repeated in
ftancci, afforded the strongest marks of loyalty, and xeal for the hmour
and service of their Sovereign, to be now called epoir in a meaner, which
implies a distrust of a free and willing compliance * Such ia the raiifbr
tune of the Colooifts, not only in the instances before mentioned, but al
io in the case of the A £k for preventing mutiny and dv&rtioo; wnich re-
J uires the Governor aid Council to provide enumerated article* for the
.lag’s marching troop*, and the peopl* to pay the exyence.
‘This is a great change; and in its nature delicate and important. Tour
Lord (hip will form year own judgment of the wisdom oI making fuck a
change, without the mod prrfing reason, or an abfolnte nectfity. There
can be no neceflity, my Lord, as thia House humbly conceive: Thefuh
je&softbis Province, and undoubtedly ia all the Colonies, however they
have been otherwise represented to his Majfty*a Ministers, art loyal:
They are firmly attached to the Mother State: They always confider her
in ter aft and their own as iafeparably interwoven, and it it their fervent
wills that it may ever so remain : All they delire ia, to be restored to the
Banding upon which they were originally put i to have tht honour and
privilege of voluntarily contributing to the aid of their Sovereign, whom
required : They are free fabje&s; and it is hoped the nation will nevor
confider them as in a tributary (late.
It it hatabiy submitted to your Lerdfhip, whether fnbje&scaa be said
torajo.’ any degteeof freedom, if the'Crown, in addition to it* undouht*
ed authority of conftituring Governors, (hould he aathoriaed W appoint
fuck stipends for them, as it (hall judge proper, at their sxpftncc, and
without tbcircoofent. This is the unhappy state to which his Majefty’e
fubjcfti in the Colonies are reduced, by the aA for granting Certain da
ties on Paper, and other articles. A power without a cheek is always
nnfafe; and in fonae future time may introduce an abfoluta government
into-America. The judges of the land here do nflllfoM their cornmilCont
during good behaviour: 1s it not then justly to be apprehended, thatat
le great a distance from the Throne, the fountain of aational justice, with
Salaries altogether independent of the people, an arbitrary rule may take
effea. which (hall deprive a Bench of J nftice of its glory, aad the people
of their feeurity ?
When* question arilcs on the publick administration, the nation will
judge and determine in conformity to its political conftitntioi: The'great
end wf the eonftitution i* universal liberty; and this House rtfts amired,
that poor Lordship’s great inttreff ia the nation*! Councila will nlwayoho
engaged on the fido of Uharty tad truth. Signed h/ the bpakat.
syu. am-’
** *** sxhwifW and/ tit /jfihiy y>mtf osd*
MADURAi* mthegniy (udiei, sear Java.-It is tploufant, faufik
** . r . ’^* t till the year 1747, was nowued by|t Owft
o^ag- It u inhabited by Malays, didiuguiOiod by their cowtsfy to ftm*
sealin^ *d hy the panol iategritp bt thai i
T l *-r r> k Ut ? h , ha,r s: t * rio 'a pretences, made them&lve* aMfters of
■way or the lndu/i islands 1 and are tyrants over the princes of the:* Which
remain unconquered. Among the lnffwas, till that tim*, Madura; up
n wnica, on iouie flumeful and ridiculous pretext* they made fovernl
•efeents in thuyear; fending (hipo from Batavia, their capital cat/ il
aaia, to which, unhappily, Madura lies near j and plundering, a*M
Uk "°3* “taking (laves of all they met.
The sovereign of Madura, a person of dillinguiflied coumga OtP
do, opposed them often with spirit, bat (eldoarwith foccef*. Htip***
pie weru anlkilled in the European art of wav i aad their a<ntfcr* tv*ilc4
them lit le.
At length, perceiving there was no defending the iflhnd agaiafi thd*
. ho ***erminod to throw hinsfelf into the proteAaoa off the (ulus
of Benjar, to whom he was related.
He communicated his resolution to his people: he advifbdthimtofuh
mit to a power they could no. refill; but as huafelf mad be deßraysd, Os
canted off a (lave, ho informed them of his intended escape. They uaok
1 tr eavC W - th tear5 ’ his sacred person to the cam of hemrea.
He took with him oac of hit font, a nnnaber of bin wives, • body of
faithful domcfticks, aad of his moft valiant foldisrs, aad a great troafißrft
In gold and precious Bones. Thus furailhed, getting into fbmc boat*,
hc^?t” e the *“ 4 w . a X towards the intended afylom.
The Dutch attacked bit little party ia fercral boat* aa thp nude oC
But they were repul fed with loss. The Madorians wore always valiant,
but they were now defeerate. Haring freed theaifelme* from thi* oppo*
futon, they made to Benjar. And tho Dutch expecting this would hf
their refuge, sent a veiTel to intercept their pa (lags, or to arm tho Suitaft
their reception, which was in Benjar river before them. .
They discovered it in time, and they kept concealed under (bore, lo
the night they got by the Dutch vcffel,.and came ap with a larger, which
proved an Englifti one. It was the Onflow, Capt. Congreve.
I he son of the sovereign of Madura was at that time with the Bnglifh
at Bencoolen ; and the father’s treat opinion of our people's virtue nsadt
him immediately throw himfelrinto their protection | desiring to b* ca*f
ried to England, or to fornc of the Sngliflt (ettlemcnts in Indu.
He proposed to refiga his title to the kingdom to the Englilb ; to dell-•
ver up to them the very valuable treafurche had with him, and to direct
them to the richest part of the island. Where they (hould come Cos iumo*
diat* pofleffion of a much greater.
The Captain, who was on there at Caytonia accepted the propifa! ;,
and the fovereig:. of Madura, who all this time lay concealed ia a e
was, with his wives and servants, taken on board in the night, difmif*
flag his soldiers. But, inconsiderately, the Madurum boats were left ad
fignt about the (hip ia the morning.
The Dutch saw this; and not daring to attack tht veflflrl, they demand
ed him of the Sultan of Btnjar. ** The Captain of the Eaglifth vedcl,**
(aid they, ** is in your power: secure him till the Ring of Madura be gi
. ven up, or expuA the fame fate yourfslf.” This was the at flag* of tho
insolent Hollanders to the Sultan. He obeyed,: he (cicad Capt. Com*
greve, laid him ia irons, and refufed to set him at liberty, till the fovos
reign demanded of him thou Id be given up by his people. The Captain
at firft refufed; bit after fume days, feeing the Sultan rcfoUte, he wrote
orders for delivering ap the nahnppy mem arch, with all that bcleogcfflß
him.
The King, whose person aad manner were full of dignity, had gained,
dering his flay on heard, the refpeft of theofficcrs | and his Con Jinen had
obtained him the companion of allin the veiTel. He had offbmi prsßnta,
and they were declined ; every sailor declared himßplf ready to (pill kin
lad blood, without reward, in hi* defence.
The King was at supper with the commanding officer in the rovedu
house, when the letter from the Captain was delivered. He read its con
sents in the other's face, and abruptly retired to the greet cabin | he therw
got his people together, and sent n (errant, demanding to kaow tralv
what was intended. He received no fattsfa&onr reply ; and he C**l#
perceive treachery, and approaching ruin. He (band they were sbouf
to aflaalt him by violence, and be prepared for defirudtion, not for M
impofible defence.—They forced open th*door, and bo saw thorn entor
against him, armed with utlaffs, gnns, and bayonets. Hefawhhowa
fate, and he determined, according to the (avage greatneit of tho
his wives (hould not, after hi* death, be carried into flavory. When ho
was no longer able to proteft,’ he deflroyed them. He began in tho pro
fence of the aftonilhed crew to facrifice them by his own haul. Tsaro
waited upon every blow: but beginning with the greatest favourite, wkasm
he stabbed to the heart, he would have gone round, had not our peoplg
forced in upon him. They wounded him, and made him prilbacx: ho
was put in irons, and then firft acquainted with his fate.
*• O Bnglifh ! Englifti 1 it is you 1” exclaimed he, ** you who rtfulh
prote&ioss to the oppressed, you ! who join to destroy them!—Caw th#
good Englifti (they were always called so) fee their friends the Maduri
ins eirftaved, and net afift them t Can they fee a King infulud hy ufnr
pern, and not defend him t There is no generosity in white mess ! Nay,
there is no truth! —Why did you promise to proteA tmtf Yj u, not
the Dutch, have dethroned the sovereign of Madura f How came I here,
but by your engagement to defend me IDo it! 1 or if you are Mr aid off
that, bo honed j (it me bn (horn again, ood leave me to my ova valour
•• Where,” continued he, exclaiming, “ where is mow your ersatnof* sad
your power ( year gta.rofity aad jußiccf Lords of the foA, you are v
fraid of Dutchmoo 1 protedor* of the diftrefied, you |hr an* mj, wh#
throw sols and kingdom into your (Worn protedsoa
/ a (NUMBBB Ht 1