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VOL, 1.
EDITED BY ELIAS BOUDINOTT.
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DESCRIPTION OF CALCUTTA/
From Bishop Heber.
Calcutta when seen from the south,
on which side it is built, round two
sides of a great open plain, with the
Ganges on the west, is a very noble
city; ‘with tall and stately houses, or
namented with Grecian pillars, and
each for the most part surrounded by
a little apology for a garden. The
churches are not large, but very neat
and even elegant buildings, and the
government house is—to say the least
of it, a more showy place than Lon
don has to produce. These are how
ever, the front lines—behind them
ranges the native town, deep black
and dingy, with narrow, crooked
streets, huts of earth baked in the sun,
or of twisted bamboos, interspersed
here and there with ruinous brick ba
zars, pools of dirty water, cocoa trees,
and little gardens, and a few very
large, very fine and generally very dir
ty houses of Grecian architecture, the
residence of wealthy natives. There
are some mosques of pretty architec
ture, and very neatly kept, and some
pagodas, but mostly ruinous and de
cayed—the religion of the people be
ing chiefly conspicuous in their wor
ship of the Ganges, and in some ugly
painted wooden or plaster idols, with
all manter of heads and arms, which
are set up in different parts of the ci
ty. Fill up this outline with a crowd
of people in the streets beyond any
thing to be seen even in Lomi);n, some
dressed in tawdry silks and brocades,
more in white cotton garments, and
most of all black and naked, except a.
scanty covering round the waste; be-|
sides figures of religious mendicants,
with no clothing but their long hair
and beards in elf locks, their faces
painted white or yellow, their beads
i one ghastly lean hand, and the other
stretched out like a birds claw, to re
“hive donations ; marriage processions,
with the bride in a covered chair and
the bridegroom on horse back, so
swathed round with garlands as hard
ly to be seen; tradesmen sitting on
the ground in the midst of their differ
ent commodities, and old men lookers
on, perched naked as monkeys, on the
roofs of the houses; carts drawn by
oxen, and driven by wild Jooking men
with thick sticks, so unmercifully us
ed as to undeceive perfectly all our
notions of braminical humanity; at
tendants with silver maces, pressing
through the crowd before the carriage
of some great man or other; no wo
men seen except of the lowest class,
and even these with heavy silver orna
ments on their dusky arms and ankles;
while coaches, covered up close with
red cloth, are seen conveying the in
mates of the neighboring seraglios to
take what is called ““the air;”’ a con
| stant creaking of cart wheels, which
are never greased in India, a constant
clamour of voices, and an almost con
stant thumping and jungling of drums
cymbals, &c. in honor of some of their
deities; and add to all this, a villain
-ous smell of garlic, rancid cocoa-nut
oil, sour butter, and stagnant ditches,
and you will understand the sounds,
sights and smells of what is called the
“Black Town” of Calcutta. The
singularity of this spectacle is best and
least offensively enjoyed on a noble
quay, which Lord Hastings built a
long the shore of the river, where the
vessels of all forms and sizes, Arab,
Indian, Malay, American, English— |
the crowds of Bramins and other Hin
doos washing and saying their prayers,
the lighted tapers, which toward sun
set they throw in, and the broad bright
stream which sweeps by them, guilt
less of their impiety, and un o.:"_v.;___ 5 |
‘o% !fi gl\ % !lfi ge I ata\i a scene sucg 1
as no Kuropean, and few Asiatic cities,
can at all parallel in interest and sin
gularity.
MURDERER’S CREEK.
The name of Murderer’s Creek is
said to be derived from the following
incidents:
Little more than a century ago, the
beautiful region watered by this
stream, was possessed by a small
tribe of Indians, which has long since
become extinct or been incorporated
with some other savage nation of the
west. Three or four hundred yards
from where the stream discharges it
self into the Hudson, a white family
of the name of Stacey, had establish
ed itself, in a log house, by tacit per
mission of the {ribe, to whom Stacey
had made himself useful by his skill in
a variety of little arts highly estimat
ed by the savages. In particular, a
friendship subsisted between him and
an old Indian called Naoman, who of
ten came to his house and partook of
his hospitality. The Indians never
forgive injuries or forgot benefits.—
The family consisted of Stacey, his
wife, and two children, a boy and girl,
the former five, the latter three years
old.
One day Naoman, came to Stacy’s
log hut, in his absence, lighted his
pipe and sat down. He looked very
serious, sometimes sighed deeply but
said not a word. Stacey’s wife ask
ed him what was the matter, and if
he was sick. He shook his head,
sighed, but said nothing, and soon went
away. The next day he came again
and behaved in the same manner.—
Stacey’s wife began to think strange
of this, and related it to her hushand, |
who advised her tourge the old man
to an explanation the next time he
came. Accordingly when he repeat
ed his visit the day after, she was
more importunate than usual. At
last the old Indian said, *“I am a red
man, and the pale faces are our ene
mies; why should Ispeak?” But my
husband and I are your friends; you
have eaten salt with us a thousand
times, and my children have sat on
your knee as often. If you have any
thing on your mind tell it me. ¢t
will cost me my life if it is known,
and the white faced-women are not
NEW ECHOTA, WEDNESDAY JULY 30, 182 s,
good at keéping secrets,” replie;d
Naoman. Try me, and see. ¢Will
you swear by your Great Spirit, you
will tell none but your husband?” 1
have none else to tell. “But
will you swear?” Ido swear by our
Great Spirit, I tell none but my hus
band. ‘Not if my tribe should kill
you for not telling?” Not if your
tribe should kill me for not telling.
Naoman then proceeded to tell her
that, owing to some encroachments of
the white people below the mountains
his tribe had become irritated, and
were resolved that night to massacre
all the white seitlers within their
reach. That she must send for her
husband, inform him of the danger,
and as secretly and speedily as possi
ble take their canoe, and paddle with
all haste over the viver to Fishkill for
safety. “Be quick, and do nothing
that may excite suspicion,” said Na
oman as he departed. The ggod wife
sought her husband, who was down on
the river fishing, told him the story,
and as no time was to be l‘oft, they
proceeded to their boat, which was
unluckily filled with water. (It took
some time to clear it out, anh mean
while Stacey recollected F\is gun
which had been left behind. 'He pro
ceeded to the house and returned with
it. All this took up considerable
time, and precious time it proved to
this poor family.
The daily visits of old Naoman, and
bis more than ordinary gravity, had
excited suspicion in some of the tribe,
who had accordingly paid particular
attention to the movements of Stacy.
One of the young Indians who had
een kept on the watch, seeing the
whole family ahout to take their hoat,
an to the little Indian village, about
mile off, and gave the alarm. Five
ndians collected, ran down to the riy
r side where their canoes were moor
d, jumped in and paddled after Sta
cey, who by this time had got some
distance out into the stream. They
gained on him so fast, that twice he
dropt his paddle, and took up his gun.
But his wife prevented his shooting,
by telling him, that if he fired, and
they were afterwards overtaken they
would meet no mercy from the In
dians. He accordingly refrained,
and plied his paddle, till the sweat
rolled in big drops down his forehead.
All would not do; they were overta
ken within a hundred yards of the
shore, and carried back with shouts
of yelling triumph.
When they got ashore, the Indians
set fire to Stacey’s house, and drag
ged himself, his wife and children, to
their village. Here the principal old
men, and Naoman among the rest,
assembled to deliberate on the affair.
The chiefs among them, stated that
some one of the tribe had undoubtedly
been guilty of treason, in apprising
Stacey, the white man, of the designs
of the tribe, whereby they took the
alarm, and had well nigh escaped.---
He proposed to examine the prisoners,
as to who gave the information. The
‘old men assented to this, and Naoman
among the rest. Stacey was first in
terrogated by one of the old men,
who spoke English, and interpreted
to the others. ~Stacey refused to be
tray his informant. His wife was
then questioned, while at the same
moment, two Indians stood threatening
the two children with tomahawks in
case she did not confess. She at
tempted to evade the truth, by declar
ing that she had a dream the night be
fore which had alarmed her, and that
she had persuaded her husband to fly.
‘“The Great Spirit never designs to
talk in dreams to a white face,” said
the old Indian: “Woman, thou hast
two tongues and two faces. Speak
the truth, or thy children shall sure
ly die.” . The little boy and girl were
then brought close to her, and the two
savages stood over them, ready to ex
ecute their bloody orders.
¢«“Wilt thou name,” said the old In
dian, ““the red man who betrayed his
tribe. T will ask thee three times.”
The mother answered not.---<Wilt
thou name the traitor? This is the
second time. The peor mother look
ed at her husband, and then at her
children, and stole a glance at Nao
man, who sat smoking his pipe with
invincible gravity. She wrung her
hands and wept; but remained silent.
““Wilt thou name the traitor? ’tis the
third and last time. The agony of
the mother waxed more bitter; again
-she sought the eye of Naoman, but it
was cold and motionless. A pause of
a moment awaited her reply, and the
next moment the tomahawks were
raised over the heads of the children,
who besought their mother not to let
them be murdered.
“Stop,” eried Naoman. = All eyes
were turned upon him. “Stop,” re
peated he in ‘a tone of authority.—
““White woman, thou hast kept~ thy
.word with me to the last moment.
lam the traitor. 1 have eaten of the
salt, warmed myself at the fire, shar
ed the kindness of these Christian
white people, and it was I that told
them of their danger. Tam a with
ered, leafless, branchless trunk; cut
me down if you will. I am ready.”
A yell of indignation sounded on all
sides. Naoman descended from the
little bank where he sat; shrouded his
face with his mantle of skins and sub
mitted to his fate. He fell dead at
the feet of the white woman by a
blow of the tomahawk.
But the sacrifice of Naoman, and
the firmness of the Christian white
woman, did not suffice to save the
lives of the other victims. They per
ished---how, it is needless to say; and
the memory of their fate hasheen pre
served in the name of the pleasant
stream on whose bauks they lived and
ied, which to this day is called Mur- |
'gééef’s%l'rgekff-Mié .}}Pflrfiifir Traz- :
ellers.
LEDYARD’S ACCOUNT OF
THE NILE.
In a letter to Mr. Jefferson, Led
yard gives the following account of
this river below Grand Cairo:
“You have heard and read much
~of the Nile, and so had I; but when I
“saw it I could not conceive it to be
‘the same. What eyes do travellers
see with?—Are they fools or rogues?
For heaven’s sake hear the plain truth
about it. First—in regard to its size.
Obvious comparisons in such cases are
good. Doyou kuow the river Con
pecticut? Of all the rivers I have
seen, it most resembles that in size.
It is a little wider, and may on that
account compare better with the
Thames. . This is the mighty, the
sovereign of rivers, the vast Nile, that
has been metamorphosed into one of
the wonders of the world. Let me
be careful how T read, and above all
how I read ancient history. = You have
heard and read too much of its inunda
tions. llf the thousands of large and
small canals from it, and thousands of
men and machines employed to trans
fer by artificial means the water of the
Nile to the meadows on its banks—if
this be the inundation that is meant,
it is true; any other is false. It is
not an inundating river. I came up
the river on the 15th to the 20th of
August, and about the 20th, the wa
ter will be at the height of the fresh -
et. Whenl l%gt_the river,.its banks
were four, five or six feet above the
water, and here in town lam told they
expect the Nile to be only one or two
feet higher at the most.” 5
In his journal transmitted to the
African Society, under date of August
14, 1783, he says— ,
“The view in sailing up the Nile
is very confined, unless from the top
of the mast, or some other eminence, |
and then it is an unbonnded plain of ‘
excellent land, miserably ecultivdted, ]
and interspersed with a great number
of villages, both on its banks, and as
far along the meadows as one can see
in any divection. The river is also
filled with boats passing and repassing
~=boats all of one kind and navigated }
in one manner, nearly also of one size,
the largest carrying ten or fifteen tons.
NO, 22.
On board of these boats are seen on
ions, watermelons, dates, some(imes
a horse or camel, (which lies down in
the boat,) sheep, goats, dogs, men and
women. Towards evening and morn
ing they have music.” e
From the Philadelphian.
PAPAL JURISDICTION IN A
. MERICA.
The following.is a translation of
a recent order from his holiness the
Pope of Rome, addressed to Bishop
Couwell, of this city. Itisa singu
lar specimen of papal authority exer
cised over the people of a free coun
try.
“Most Ilustrious and Most Reverend
Sir—We have received the letters of
our Grace written op the 14ih of
K’ovember, 1827—in which you reply
1o our epistle {ransmitted {0 you on
the 11th of August. In our epistle
in the name of our most holy Lord
Pope, Leo, XII, your Grace was call
ed to Rome, aund you were informed
that the apostolic administration of
your diocese had been committed to
R. P. D. Ambrose Marechal. Now
I am charged to inform you, that
R. P. D. Marechal, Archbishop of
Baltimore, will undertake the admin
istration en account -of imperfect
health. His holiness, therefore has
committed again to the sacred congre
gation, the duty of informing you, that
he expects from you this new testimo
uy of obedience towards him and ' the
apostolic seat, that without delay,
(ommi mora relicia) you Tepair ¢
Rome, where you wil] be recives
with that benevolence, ivhich we fully
demonstrated in owr former letter.
During your zbsence from the Dio
ée"i'é'oi“l!—'h'iré“fiélmfi:r,‘"a‘na until it may
be otherwise ordered by the apostolic
seat, R. D. William Matthews, Pas
tor of ‘Washington, deputed by His
Holiness as apostolic Vicar general,
will assume the government. Final
ly, the Rev. William Vincent Harold
and John Ryan, by the authority of
our Most Holy Lord, are most impor
tunately urged (vehementissime excitatos
esse.) to leave the Diocese of Phila
‘delphia; and the sacred congregation
has expressed its pleasure, that they
repair to Cincinnati, and there exe
cute the sacred function.”
D. Mavrus CARDINAL CAPPELLARI.
Latest fromi Ceylon Mission.— A lot
ter to a friend of ours from the Rev. !
Miron Winslow, Oodooville, (Ceylon,)
January 7, 1828, states that the mis
| sionaries - were " all in comfortable
health, but more or less affected by
their labors and the heat of the cli
mate. “Inthe Mission we continue 10
have some encouragement that our
work is not in vain inthe Lord, though
its progres is slow. The number of
natives admitted to the church scarce
ly exceeds 100; and though anumber
wish for admission, we shall net prob
ably receive more than 16 or 18 for
two or three months to come. These
are to be admitted on the 24th inst.
The Seminary is doing as well as could
be expected. The students make
good progress in mathematics, alge
bra, geometry, trigonometry, &ec.,
and have made some attainments in
geography and astronomy. The first
class are to leave next September.——
The number now in the Seminayy is
67. In the Preparatory School there
are 100, and in the Female Central
School, 27. Our Common, Schools
are 93 in number, containing . 3,311
boys and 982 girls. The expenses of
all th@i[(}ommon Schools] the 1-st
year was about 2 500; and of our
Boarding Establishments, more than
%3‘090,, aside from buildings. &c. &e.
But the good done is abundantly. pro
‘portioned to the expense.. To teach
this degraded population even to read,
and then to give them the Scriptures,
what a light is poured in upon them?
Heathenism will flee before it.”
Comparing this statement with the
last accounts contained in the Mission
ary Herald, dated fovr months previ
ous, it appears that during this inter- ᏣᎳᎩ ᏧᎴᎯᏌᏅᎯ ᎯᎠ ᏂᎦᎥᏧᎬᏩᎶᏗ.
ᏑᏫᎾᎪᏓᏖᏆᏍᏗ ᎢᎪᎯᏛ ᏌᏉ ᏧᏂᎴᏴᎪᏘ ᎨᏎᏍᏗ.
ᏴᏫᏁᎬ ᏗᏂᏬᏂᏘᏍᎩ ᏦᎢᏁ ᎠᏰᏢ ᎤᎾᎫᏴᏘ
ᏥᏎᏍᏗ, ᎢᏳᏃ ᎢᎬᏪᏅᏛ ᎠᎾᎫᏱᏍᎨᏍᏗ.
ᎢᏳᏃ ᏑᏓᏢ ᎢᏯᏅᎪ ᎢᏴ ᎠᎾᎫᏱᏍᎨᏍᏗ, ᏦᎢ
ᎠᏠᎸ ᎤᎾᏮᎫᏴᏗ ᎨᏎᏍᏗ. ᎠᏕᏘᏱᏍᎬᏃ ᎢᏴ ᎩᎳ
ᎠᏮᎫᏱᏍᏢᏍᏘ, ᏅᎩᏁᎢ ᎠᏰᏢ ᎤᎾᎫᏴᏘ ᎨᏎᏍᏗ.
ᏣᎳᎩᏃ ᎤᏩᏒ ᏗᏂᏬᏂᏘᏍᎩ, ᏔᏢᏉ ᎠᎨᎸ
ᏬᎾᎫᏴᏘ ᎨᏎᏍᏗ ᏑᏕᏘᏴᏛ; ᎢᏅᏃ ᎢᎬᏪᏅᏛ ᎠᎧ”
ᎫᏱᏍᎨᏍᏗ. ᏦᎢᏁᏃ ᎠᏰᏢ ᎩᎳ ᎣᏂ ᎤᏕᏘᏴᎯ”
“ᏠᏗᏒ ᎠᎾᎫᏱᏍᎨᏍᏗ. -
