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CHEROKEE PHOENIX AND INDIANS’ADVOCATE
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9HB
Coffee has obtained the good will and re
spect of the people among whom he has
travelled for his impartiality In the dis
charge of the dutiep entrusted to him.—
His was unlike the conduct of the said
Wales, who, wc are informed, in his first
interview with General Coffee/ denied, in
the presence of other persons, that he was
an agent on the part of Georgia to collect
evidence, but soon after dropt.a line to the
General, stating that lie was. This is
characteristic of Georgia proceeding* in
this unpleasant affair.
MEMORIAL OK THE CHEROKEES.
During the last session of the General
Council, a memorial to Congress was sign
ed by the members of both bodies, which
has been forwarded to Washington by the
Delegation. Another momoria', intended
for the people at large, has been lately cir-: . ,
. * , , i„ hhiles, claiming to be the only sove-
culaled through the nation, and it affords . ... 3 . .
X. , , b • • reigns within their territories, extend-
u. much plcurc W cay, that .he upm,«„ ! cJ ^ , m . er lmliall ,. lv| , id ,
and feelings of th r members of the L> 1
arc readily supported by the people.
Professing a desire to civilize and
settle them, tve have, at the same
time, lost ho opportunity to purchase
their lands and thrust them further
into the wilderness. By this means
they have not only been kept in a
wandering state, but been led to look
upon us as unjust and indifferent to
their fate, Thus though lavish in its
expenditures upon the subject, Gov
ernment has constantly defeated its
own policy, and the Indians, in gen
eral, receding further and further to
the West, have retained their savage
habits. A portion, however, of the
Southern tribes, having mingled much
with the whites, and made some pro
gress in the arts of civilized life,
have lately attempted to erect an in
dependent government within the lim
its of Georgia and Alabama. These
members of the Council | . ■ , ..
induced the latter to call upon the
or Uni ed Stales for protection.
Under these circumstancs, the
wont of time, it will not be convenient to
obtain every man’s name—‘sufficient num
ber will, however, be obtained to put to
rest ihe long repeated assertion, that the
majority of‘he Cherokces are wili ng to
remove. W have in our possession up
wards of one thousand signatures to the
memorial.
circumstancs,
question presented was/whether the
General Government had a right to
sustain those people in their preten-
| sions? The Constitution declares,
| that “no lieu State shall he formed
j or erected within the jurisdictibn of
! any other State,’ without the consent
~— ■ , I 01' its Legislature. If the .General
Our readers probably wish to know Uove|I)aR ° t u , |0t peimU(f .ff to tok ..
Wtattbe chivalnc legislature of Geo-gm . ^ l||e * of fl confederate
have been about respecting the Cherokees ; wil|nn U)e ; e mlory of one of
-whether (hej; have already doomed them ^ mL , mbeiS of th ; 8 Union, against
to destruction. The following, which wo , (j(M . C0|Wunt> mU(h | ess cou |d jt/ a H 0lv
a foreign and independent government
The following, which wc
copy from the Savannah Georgian, is the i
latest account we have received. It i s
well the treaty making power is in the U-
oited States. If Georgia had the power
.to treat with Indians, she would negotiate
with every villian among us for cession of
lands, and then protect them from just and
deserved punishment. Such would be
to establish itself there. Georgia
became a member of the Confedera
cy which eventuated in our federal
union, as a sovereign State, always
asserting her claim to certain limits;
which, having been originally defined
remain within the limits of the
States, does not admit of a dosbl.
Humanity and national honor demand
that every effort should be raaity to
avert so great a calamity. It is 1 too
late to inquire whether it was Just in
the United States to include tliem
and their territory within the bounds
of new States whose limits they could
control. That step cannot be re
traced. A State cannot be dismem
bered by Congress, or restricted in
the exercise of her constitutional
power. But the People of those
States, and of every States, ac
tuated by feelings of justice and a re
gard for our national honor, submit to
you the interesting question, whether
something cannot be done, consistently
with the rights of the States, to pre
serve this much injured race?
As a means of effecting this end,
I suggest, for your consideration, the
propriety of setting apart an ample
district West of the Mississippi, and
without the limits of any State or
Territory, now formed, to be guaran
tied to the Indian tribes, as long ns
they shall occupy it: each tribe hav
ing a distinct control over the portion
designated for its use. There they
may he secured in the enjoyment of
governments of their own choice, sub
ject to no other control from the Uni
ted Statos'tlnm such as inny bo ne-
cessnry to preserve peace on the
frontier, and between the several
tribes. There the benevolent may
endeavour to tench them the arts of
civilization; and, by promoting union
and harmony among them, <6 raise up
an interesting commonwealth, destin
ed to perpetuate (lie race, and to at
test the humanity aud justice of this
Government.
This emigration should he volunta
ry: for it would he as cruel as unjust
Married.•—At Lookout Mountain, oil
the ltith inst. Mr. Gkekmwoo* Leflord,
one of the Principal Chiefs of the Choctaw
nation, to Miss Elizabeth Coodet daughJ
ter of Mr. Joseph Coodey.
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THE JOURNAL OF HEALTH
By an Association of Physicians.
nf^ROHPEI.TUR.—For the informal;or..*
X. ol their medical brethren, whose as*
lance they invoke, & of the public at laigc f
lor whom the work is iriair.ly intended—'
the conductors of the Journal yf Health
deem ij proper to state with breiity, the
aim and scope ofthe efiorts.
Deeply impressed with a belief, that*
man.and might be saved a large amount
ol sullering and disease, by a suitable
knowledge of the natural laws to which
the human frame is subjected, they pro
pose laying down plain precepts, in easy
sty le and familiar language, lor the regii>
lutiori of all the physical agents necessary
lo-hcallh, and to point out under what cir*
cumstances C! excess or misapplication
they become injurious and fatal,
1 he properties of the air, in its several
states ot heat, coldness, dry ness, moistures
and cletericity: the relative effects of the'
different arlicles of solid and liquid ali
ment; the manner in w hich the locomotion
organ-, senses, an.1 brain, are most benr-
ticiady exercised, and how, and under
what circumstances, morbidly impressed^
clothing, protection against atmospheric
al vicissitudes, and a cause of oiscase,
when under the direction of absurd fash
ions; Lathing and frictions, and the
use of mineral waters,—shall be prom
inent topics tor inquiry and investi
gation in tl/s Journal.
I he modifying influence of climate and
localities; legislation, nationn] and corpo
rate, on health; a branch of study usnally <
111
her colonial charier, and suhse-; to compel the aborigines to abandon
jrerfectly consistent With her other kindred j ( j UCllt iy recognized in the treaty’of the graves of their fathers, and seek
proceedings.
Tlie^bill. to extend the laws of the
3tato oyer-the territory in the occu
pancy of the Chorokees, and to add it
(o certain counties, being the special
order of the day, was taken up in
Committee ofthe Whole. An amend
ment was offered to the Gth section,
postponing the extension of the laws
until the 1st of June next, and lost on
a division. A good deal of debate
was elicited. Mr. Shorter offered
peace, she has evci since continued
to enjoy, except as they have been
circumscribed by her own voluntary
transfer of a portion of her territory
to the United Slates, in the articles
of cession of 1802. Alabama was
admitted into the Union on the same
footing with the original States, with
boundaries which were prescribed by
Congress. Ther.e is no constitution
al, conventional, or legal provision,
which allloivs them less power over
an amendment, which Was adopted, the Indians within their borders,
pf some length, going to meet the
late harsh ordinances of the Chcro-
jfge Council,- and to protec^ such In
dians as muy wish to. emigrate, to
•sell or to treat, and to punish those
exercising arbitrary power. Any per
son or persons preventing Indians from
exercising their right of selling^ emi
grating or treating for cession of lands
ehan is possessed by Maine or NeiV
York. Would the people of Maine
permit the Penobscot tribe to erect
an Independent Government within
their State! and ynless they did,
would it not be the duty of the Gen
eral Government to support them in
resisting such a measure? Would
the people of New York permit each
to be guilty of high misdemeanor, and remnant ofthe Six Nations within her
f uuithed m the penitentiary. Those
ndians punishing Indians by death for
any of these acts, to suffer death.—
That part of the 8th section, taxing
full-blooded Indians,was stricken out.
After a long debate on the last sect ton,
the bill was reported to the House
with the amendments, and was then
taken up by sections. An amend
ment was again offered, to postpono
the operation until the 1st of June,
•and carried, yeas 70, nays 48. The
bill was then passed without any dis
senting voice.
PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE.
< From this document we extract the fol
lowing paragraphs relating to the Indians.
J ’he opinions advanced by President
ackson are nothing more than what we
expected. If our claim to the country of
which wc are now in possession cannot be
allowed, because wc have merely “6een it
, from the mountain, or passed it in the
chase,”we confess our limited understand
ing is incapable of comprehending the
* nature of the right and claim of those who
have never seen it or passed it . The
. insinuation ofthe President that the Indians
ha ve claimed tracts of coutitry; on which
Biey.have newer divqlt, is inconsistent with
existing facts, and present state of things.
...The Cherokefs have dtvelt from time im
memorial on the land they now cjalm and
jossesa, anf( y>e apprehend it will be
very difficult for the President himself to
convince them that it is not their’s.
The condition and ulterior destiny
of the Indian Tribes within the limits
• of some of our States, have become
objects of much interest and impor
tance. It has long been the policy of
Government Jo introduce among them
the arts of civilization, in the hope of
gradually reclaiming them from a wt»-
ilering lifer This policy half, how
ever, been coupled with another,
wholly incompatible with its success.
porders, to declare itself an independ
ent people, under, the protection of
the United Slates? Could the In-
diaus establish a seperatc republic on
each of their reservations in Ohio?
And if they were so disposed, would
it be the duty of this* Government to
protect them in the attempt? If the
principle involved in the obvious ans
wer to these questions be abandoned,
it will follow that the objects of this
Government are reversed; aud that
it has become a part of its duty to
aid in destroying the States which it
was cstabiislied to protect.
Actuated by .this view of the sub
ject, t informed the Indians inhabit
ing parts of Georgia and Alabama
that, their attempt to establish an in
dependent government would not be
countenanced by the Executive of
the United States, and advised them
to emigrate beyond the Mississippi,
or submit to the. laws of those
States. , ,
Our conduct towards these Peo
ple is deeply interesting to onr na
tional character. Their present
.condition, contrasted with what they
once were, makes a most powerful
appeal to our sympathies. Onr an
cestors found them the uncontrolled
possessors of these vast regions.
By persuasion and force, they have
been made to retire from river to ri
ver, and from mountain to mountain,
until some of the tribes have become
extinct, and others have left hut rein
nats’ to preserve, for a while, their
once terrible names. Surrounded by
the whites, with their arts of civiliza
tion, which, by destroying the resour
ces ofthe savage, doom him to weak
ness and decay, the fate of the Mohe-
gan, the Narragansett., and the Dela
ware, is fast overtaking the Choctaw,
the Cherokee, aud the Creek. That
this fate surely aw aits them, if they
a home in’a distant land. But they
should be distinctly informed that, if
they remain within the limits of the
States, they must be subject to their
lawi. Iji return for their obedience,
as individuals, they will, without
doubt, be protected in the enjoyment
ol those possessions which they have
improved by limit industry. But it
seems to me visionary to suppose that
in ibis state of things, claims can be
allowed on tracts of country on which
they have neither dwelt nor made im
provements, merely because they
have seen them from (he mountain, or
passed them in the chase. Submitting
to the laws of the States, anil receiv
ing like other citizens, protection in
their persons and property, they will,
ere long, become Wiergc'd in the mass
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resrarch,
'1 lie value of dictic rule? .shall be contin*
uallv enforeerl, anil the hlepsings of tem
perance dwelt on, with emphasis proper*
tionate to their high , importance and de»
plorable neglect. Physical Education—;
so momentous a question for the lives of
children, and happiness of their parents,-
shall be discussed in a spirit of impartial^,
ty, and w.th the aid of all the data wliiclu
have been furnished by enlightened esT
periency. ...
The Journal ofljeallli will on all occa-^
s:ons be round in opposition to empiricisms^
whether it he in the form of nursery gotW
sip, mendacious reports of nostrum makeijf)
and venders, or recommendations of even -
scientifficallv compounded prerceptjonf^
without the special direction ol a . physi
cian ihe only com) ctcnt judge,, in the in
dividual ca-e of disease under bis care.
The prevention of diseitsps incidentally-
crPoiA.j»?> sqtVJ RAZ qjail .IIiEeG.r’ot-IrS | arising out ofthe pr ctice of the different
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sy-v' ^sepo-P/v^i, ssssyw* cph^irr-T
protessK-ns, arts and trades, will be laid
down with clearness and precision, nor
shall the situation of tiio-e engaged in ni(-
val and military life, be overlooked in this
branch of the snbj*ct.
Divested of professional language and
details, and varied in its contents, the Jour
nal of Health will, it is hoped, engage ihe
attention and favour of the female reader,,
whose amusement and instruction shall
constantly be kept in view duriug the. pros'-
ecution ofthe work.
Terms.—The Journal of Health vvjll
appear in Numbers of 16 | ages each, oc-«
tavo, on the second and fourth Wednes
day? of every month. Price per annum,
SI,26, in advance. Subscriptions and
cemmunicatidns, (j ost paid' will be rc<,
reived by Jud'li Dobson, Agent, No. 140
n*» ^.O-fiEs'o'OTFS* i-R Lliesnut Street; Philadelphia
AhW©y, Got4'
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JXFOUMA TlOX ir./LYTFJ).
rnilE Subscriber living at the Head ot
J-- Coosa, Cherokee Nation, wishes id
know where a certain young man now re
sides by the name of
JOHPT H. CTEES,
by occupatiou a Printer, who a few months
since came from McSlinn county. East
Tennessee, and got employment in’the of
fice of the Cherokee Plio-nix, at New
cltota for a short time$ he was discontinued
from that office in the latter part of the
summer, and lias remained in the neigh
borhood of Ooukillogee, near that place,
until a few weeks ago, when he started
from that place in company with a gentle*
man who was going to Macon, Geoigia.
l am informed by that gentleman, that said
Gibbs went on to Macon with him and
left him at that place about the 24111 dr
25th August ami started for Milledgeville
Georgia, to seek employment during the
sitting ofthe Legislature. If he should be
at that place or any part of the State, I
shotild take it as a favor if some friend ((o’
Honesty and fair dealings) would let m*
know by mail; as said Gibbs has gone off
and has neglected to pay his book account
with me,—the account fie owes me is not
much—but information respecting him
would no doubt benefit some of his other
creditors—Mr. Gibbs is rather inclined to
low built, about five feet three or four in
ches high, dark hair, tolerably free spoken
and lias a blemish in one of his Eyes,
which prevents him from seeing much out
of it. It has become too common these
bard times for those Broad-cloth-coat gen
tlemen, if I may style them such, to make
accounts in stores 8l move to another sece
lion. They deserve the notice of public
prints as much as high-way robbers, as
they are always on the lookout and ready
tv Practice fraud on the nublic at large,
and bey cannot be considered otherwise
thanl Swindlers.
GEO. M. LAVENDER.
Otober 28th, 18.6
~ LAWS
OF TIIECJIFROKEF. NATION FOR OALC
HERE,