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lIHE ART OF ROPE MAKING
AN INTERESTING INDUSTRY SEEN
IN OPERATION.
The Materials Used in the Manufac
ture—The Process Examined—
Ingenious Modern Machinery.
Rope making is an art of very great
importance, and there are few that bet
ter deserve the consideration of the in
telligent observer. Hardly any industry
can be carried on without "the assistance
•of the rope maker, and he renders valua
. ble aid in the a plication of mechanical
forces.
The aim of the rope maker is to unite
the strength of a great number of fibers.
One would think that this could be
done in the completed manner by lay-
L ing the fibers parallel to each other and
fastening the bundle at two ends; but
this would be ineffective because the
fibers are short, not exceeding on an
< average tea feet in length. It is necessary
therefore to confine them in such a man
ner that the strength of the fiber shall
puot be able to draw it out from the rest
of the bundle. This is done by twist
ing or turing them together, a process
which causes them mutually to compress
each other. But should this be thought
sufficient the rope would be very poor
indeed, for the nbers, being strained, are
. more or less elestic, and freed
would at once untwist. It is necessary
therefore to contrive the twist in such a
way that the tendency to twist in ore
part may act against the same tendency
tn another and balance it. Moreover, all
twisting beyond that needed to prevent
the libers from being drawn out without
breaking diminishes the strength of the
cordage. Thus it will be seen that the
arrangement of the fibers and the degree
, of twisting 'had to be understood to a
nicety in tne former hand process. All
this has been avoided by modern ma
chinery, which can be easily run by girls,
and which does the work with combined
accuracy and rapidity hardly possible in
manual labor.
The three principal raw materials
used in the manufacture of rope at the
works in Brooklyn, N. Y., visited by an
Eagle, reporter, are manila hemp from
the Phiiiipine Islands, which takes its
name from their chief city, Manila; ,
Mexican hemp, called sisal, and jute, I
Which is made from the inner bark of
two East Indian plants of that name.
■ The fibers of the first of these are about
three and a half feet in length, those of
the last two from ten to fourteen feet.
Mexican hemp is the cheapest, being
worth about one half the price of manila
hemp. It makes a very strong rope and
being used more extensively than the
others we will follow it through the
different processes:
This hemp plant resemblei in appear
ance the cactus and glows to the height
of about fourteen feet. Ripening toward
the end of August,it is pulled just, as the
,seed vessels turn brown. The seeds are
threshed out and the stalks soaked
in water or spread upon damp ground
in order to strip them of the outer bark
or skin. They are then beaten with
wooden clubs till freed fiom all the
brittle parts and the fibers can be disen
gaged with readiness. After the fibers
nave been hackled, which is done by
drawing them repeatedly through a
machine filled with long steel spikes,
[ they are packed in bales and shipped.
I On reaching the works sisal having a
marsh fiber is first sent down stairs to be
oiled. This relieves the machines through
which it afterward passes of much of tiie
work they would otherwise have to per
form. The first process is called prepara
tion and is performed by two machines,
the spreader and the drawer. The
spreading machine consists of two end
less chains fitted with gilt bars and steel
teeth, which comb out and even the
fibers and is only another method of
hackling on a finer scale. The workman
stands in front of this machine and feeds
lit with the sisal, taking particular care to
regulate the supply so that the sliver, as
the sisal is called when the process is
completed, shall be of suitable size. If
fed too freely, the machine is apt to be
come clogged, if too scantily, the fibers
are liable to break. Some of these
machines are very large and will run
off a bale of 270 pounds of hemp in nine
minutes, or in ten working hours over
sixty bales. From this the sliver goes
through another spreading machine,only
finer and smaller, which still further
straightens and evens out the fibers.
This operation finished, the next in
order is drawing. The machine for this
is similar to the first except that it has
but one endless chain anil its teeth are
considerably finer. By means of it the
work of straightening, evening, reducing
in volume and drawing out the sliver still
goes on until it is suitable for spinning.
This ends the process of preparation,
*which, to sum up, is a method of mak-
Sing as fine and pliable as possible the
icoarse fibers of the hemp plant.
I We next pass to the spinning depart
ement on the top floor of the works,
Iwhere the sliver is spun into yarn. Ou
•entering the room, the first thing that
istrikes our attention is the curious ma-
Ichine by which this process is done. It
Ms fitted with a self-feeding motion
ijwhich increases in speed when rapidly
with sliver, and again dimin
uhes in speed when the supply is slowly
Igiven. When the spinner ceases work,
,tbe machine stops of its own accord. One
.•would think that it had the necessary in
telligence to know what is required of it
\iud when to commence or discontinue
hvork. It certainly perforins its task to
for the yarn which it is set
So spin is always of a uniform size.
After passing through this machine, the
yarn is wound on bobbins which are car
yied to the laying room As some of the '
‘larger kinds of cordage are still made in
"the underground rope walk we shall
describe that interesting process:
f The number of bobbins required for a
Strand are plat ed each on an iron rod in
frames capable of holding from two to
three hundred of them, the number of
frames being regulated by the required
size of the rope. Suppose, for instance,
that one with three strands is to be
made. The number of yarns needed for
each of these strands after passing first
through a concentric circle of holes in
three steel plates (one for each strard)
and then through three hollow tubes
which bring and press them together,
are attached to the three hooks of the
traveler or forming machine. This ma
chine travels down the rope v|dk by
means of an endless chain passing over a
grooved pulley, and the latter’s acting
indirectly upon a set of gears gives a
whirling motion to the hooks. When
the traveler reaches the end of the walk,
and sufficient twist has been given to the
three strands the latter are hung together
on the middle hook of the machine, but J
kept separate by a grooved block of
wood. The last operation is performed
by the closing machine,one end of which
keeps the three separated strands twisting
one way, while the other twists the rope
in an opposite direction, and the two
twists thus act against and counterbal
ance one another. As the twisting of ;
the rope shortens the strands, that end of
the machine where the latter are hooked,
keeps moving up toward the other end
until the making of the rope is com
pleted.
. SELECT SIFTINGS.
Harvard is the oldest college in the
United States.
A chemist announces that wood can i
be made very palatable.
A new Chinese Sunday-school has
been opened in Chicago.
An alligator nest, found in Rice Creek,
Fla., last week, contained forty-three
young saurians.
In Australia they never launch a ship
without having a clergyman present to
make a prayer.
A nugget of ruby ore, weighing one
thousand pounds, and estimated to be
worth SIO,OOO, was taken from a mine
near Elko, Cal., a few days ago.
lied canaries sell for $5 apiece in the
bird stores. They are said to be pro
duced from the eggs of an ordinary
canary that has been fed on cayenne
pepper.
A young lady in Atlanta stepped to a
window to look at a young man passing
by and just then a large piece of plaster
ing fell down on the chair she had
vacated. Had she kept her seat she
would have been killed.
A citizen of Douglas County, Kan.,
has hit upon a new way of destroying
wolves. He putsa chunk of beef where
the wolves will find it, and in the fight
resulting for its possession one or more
are sure to be left dead ou the field.
An army of sparrows and other birds
met a sudden and not to say peculiar
death in Cincinnati. An ammonia tank
exploded, filling the air with the fumes
of the drug, thereby asphyxiating nearly
all the small animals in the neighbor
hood, together with a horse which re
sponded to the alarm of tire sent out.
The finest private collection of old
almanacs in America is said to be owned
by one of the justices of the Supreme
Court of the United States. The rarest
almanac in the country probably is one
published by William Bradfotd in 1686.
It is in the collection of the Historical
Society of Pennsylvania, and is valued
at $550.
At the hacienda of Rio Florido, Mex.
ico, there lives a man 120 years old.
His wife is in her 111th year. They
have been married ninety-five years. The
owners of the hacienda and 4he people of
the neighboring plantations anticipate
the pleasure of giving this aged Indian
couple a great many presents on the
100th anniversary of their wedding day.
There was a very peculiar suicide in
Laney park, Elmira, N. Y., the othei
morning. A robin redbreast, deserted
by its mate, sought to drown its misery
in death. Taking a long string which
he had picked up to put into its nest, he
swung it around a bough, then wound
it around his neck, and expired. The
body hung in the tree all day, and many
pedestrians gazed at it curiously.
R. Ccmpton, postmaster of Volo, 111.,
claims to have discovered a peculiai
phenomenon in the Woods of l ake
County. As described by him, it con
sists of the natural ingrafting of a bun
oak tree upon a white oak. The buri
oak leans against the other from ths.
ground up, and is dead. The dead
trunk, however, seems to go right
through that of the living white oak,
and the branches of both varieties of
tree, all green and vigorous, mingle to
gether in about equal proportions.
The white wild goose of the Pacific
slope is a remarkable bird. 1 An editor
of a l iverside paper says that he once
killed one. It took four bullets from a
44-caliber Sharp’s rifle to bring the
bird down at a range of seventy-five
yards. Each cartridge contains almost
two grains of powder. All the bullets
passed through the heart of the goose
and lodged in the skin on the opposite
side from where they went in. An at
tempt was made to boil this bird.
“Strange to say, the bullets were cooked
to a jelly before any impression was
made on the goose.”
A Baby Killed by a Cat.
The little three days’ old child of
Henry Krocker, living on the corner of
Martin and Market streets, was killed
the other n ght by the family cat creep -
ing upon the baby and sucking its
breath. The mother and grandmother,
who had watched and cared for the
baby, fell asleep through sheer exhaus
tion, and when they awoke they found
the feline lying upon the child’s breast
with its mouth close to the baby’s, suck
ing it a life breath away. A doctor was
ssnt for, but when he came he pro
nounced the little one dead.— Mdtcauket
11 vine.
About the Hair.
An inquisitive physician has discovered
that the dust, oil and water which ac
cumulates in a hair brush, makes a fertile
soil for the accumulation of living germs,
and he charges that the public hail
brush, so accommodatingly placed in
boats, cars and barber shops, may easily
be the means of spreading such diseases
as scald head, tetter, and even measles
and the small-pox.
A C«mm«n.Sen(e Remcffy.
In the matter of curatives what you want is
something that will do its work while you
continue todoyour*-- a remedy that will give
you no it.convenience nor interfere with
buonees. Kucha remedy is AttCOCX'S Hon
ors Plasters. These plasters are purely
vegetable and abso utely harmless. They re
quire no change of diet, and are not affected
by wet or cold. Their action doea not interfere
with labor or busin es; you can toil and yet be
cured while hard at work. They are so pure
that the youngest, the oldest, the most delicate
person of either sex can use them with great
benefit.
Beware of imitations, and do not be deceived
by misrepresentation.
Ask f r Allcock’s, and let no explanation
cr solicitation induce you to accept a sub
stitute.
“The King’s Daughters’’ now number 20,.
009 in the U._S. The society is to have a paper.
A Bnslneee-like Offer.
For many y, ars the manufacturers of Dr.
Sage’s Catarrh Remedy have offered, in good
faith, SSOO for a case o Nasal Catarrh which
they cannot cure. The Remedy is sold be
> ruggists at only fiO cents. '1 his wonderful
remedy has fairly attained a world-wide repu
tation. If you have dull, heavy headache, ob
struction of tne na al passages, discharges
falling from the head into the throat, some
times profuse, watery, and acrid, at others,
thick, tenacious, mucous, purulent, bloody and
putrid, if the eje, are weak, watery and in
named; if there is riming in the cars, deaf
ness. hacking or coughing to clear the throat,
expectoration o' offensive matter, together
with scabs from ulcers; lhe voice being
cha 1 ged and has a nasal twang; the breath
offensive; smell and taste impaired; sensa ion
of dizziness, with mental depression, a hack
ing cough and gene al debility, you are suffer
ing from nasal catarrh. The more complicated
your disease, the greater the number and di
versity or symptoms. Thousands of cases an
nually without manifes ing . alf of the above
symptoms, result in consumpiion, and end in
the grave. No disease is so common, more de
ceptive and dangerous or less und rstood,or
more unsuccessfully treated by physicians.
The income of Andrew Carnegie, the iron
manufacturer, is said to be $15,000 a day.
When a threatening lungdisorder»
Shows itsfirst proclivity,
Do not let it cross the border—
Quell it with activity.
Many a patient, young or olden.
Owes a quick recovery
All to Dr. Pierce’s Golden
Medical Discovery.
Newspapers soaked in a solution of carbolic
acid make a good plug for rat holes.
Conventional •• Monon ’’ Resolutions.
Wherrew, The M non Route (L. N. A. <fc C.
Ry Co.)des res to make it known to the world
at large that it forms the double connecting
link of Pullman tourist travel between the
winter cities of Florida a (1 the summer re
sorts of the Northwest; and
WTiercae, Its “rapid transit” system is tin
surp i sed, its eleg mt Pullman Buffet Sleeper
and Chair car service between Chicago and
Louisville, Indianapolis and Cincinnati un
equal ed; and
B7u reas, Its rates are as low as the lowest;
then be it
Resolved, That in the event of starting on a
trip it is good policy to con ult with K. O. Mc-
Cormick, Gen'l Pass. Agent Monon Route, 185
Dearborn St.. Chicago, for full particulars. (In
any event send for a Tourist Guide, enclose 4c.
postage.)
There are 75colored men employed as clerkl
in the Pension Office, at Washington, D. C.
Would yon know the keen delight
Os a wholesome appetite.
Unrestrained by colic’s dire,
Headache’s curse, or fever’s fire,
Thoughts morose, or icy chills?
Then use Dr. Pierce’s pills.
Dr. Pierce’s Pur ative Pelletts— the original
and only genuine Little Liver Pills; 25 cents a
vial.
Before 600 Chicago waifs were taken on a
picnic, their hair was cut and faces scrubbed.
It will pay all who'use Cotton Gins, to get
prices and testimonials of those A No. 1 man
ufacturers, The Brown Cotton Gin Co., New
London, Conn. They lead the world.
A Summer
Medicine
Summer’s heat debilitates both
nerves and body, and Head
ache, Sleeplessness, Ner
vous Prostration, and an
"all-played-out” sensation prove
that Paine’s Celery Compound
should be used now. This medi
cine restores health to Nerves,
Kidneys, Liver, and Bow
els, and imparts life and energy
to the heat prostrated system.
Vacations or no vacations, Paine’s
Celery Compound is the medi
cine for this season. It is a scien
tific combination of the best
tonics, and those who use it begin
the hot summer days with clear
heads, strong nerves, and
general good health. Paine’s
Celery Compound is sold by all
druggists, $1 a bottle. Six for $5.
WELLS, RICHARDSON & CO., Prop's,
Burlington, Vt.
AND
Hot Weather
Invigorator
HERBRAND FIFTH WHEEL. mftE
11 KU HUA SD CO., rrwmoac a
A. 0...... Twenty-nine,*B4.
••• @ •
ft • • • •
YOU SUFFER
from Biliousness, Constipation,
Piles, Sick Headache, Sour Stom
ach, Colds, Liver Trouble, Jaun
dice, Dizziness, Bad Taste in the
Mouth, etc.— You need Suffer
no longer,
WARNER’S SAFE PILLS
will cure you. They have
cured tens of thousands.
They possess these points of su
periority : sugar coated; purely
vegetable, contain no calomel,
mercury or mineral of any kind;
do not gripe; never sicken; easy to
take; mild in operation; and for
these reasons are especially the
favorites of women, Ask for
WARNER’S SAFE PILLS.
Beck & Gregg Hardware Co.?
'X’uA., GA..
< -n
o c z
o ae
..., , i ® ft) c-3 S
XV rite for I M rt m E“"
Prices and ;jH O GO
mention thia “x
paper, <0
fen
• A : 2LosKS .’4.J.X’SjjSa
pl
Do you want “ Inspirator?
y* - 2 n ~
■ n ZJ y- 2 2 53
Zr C 2m 3= si
jPFti -Li i - H S -
__ ? ==o 2 z
■ J > ? _ /-t S
z 3 = <
* HaySiJaanina r-f'cS
' IfiS >c • v s e
223!==**
e |JH WASIC * S. * ft “ C
5 w f* 5 ? n
ROANOKE .
Cotton and Hay
’■ Hl FHESS.
\ i i / The best and cneapest made.
\ / Hundreds in actual use.
\ fiHr Eml 7 Bales cottonyus/er than any
U-EW jjL gin can pick. Address
'I 11 Hr,/*- ROANOKE IKON AND
77; ! raWit l WOOD WORKS for our Cot
.ton Press circulars.
11 Chattanooga, Tenn. Box26(1
Revolvers.
U. for Prxcd Liat.
Seines, Tents. Breech loading donbl- ShotgTin at >9.00:
Bingrla barrel Breech loaders at $4 to sl2; Breech-loading
Rifles $3.30 to sls; Double barrel Muzzle loaders at $5.50
to S2O; Repeating Rifles, 10-shooter, sl4 to S3O. Revolvers
|l to S2O ; Flobert Rifles, $2.50 to $6. Guns sent C. O. D. to
examine. Revolvers bv mail to any P. O. Address JOH.N
ITON’S GREAT WESTERN ttUN WORK*, FllUkur-, Penna.
“iiiiiiiiuiiirnnnniiiiiijiiiiiiimiiunniiiuiiiijs
SIOO to S3OO made working for
us Agents preferred who can furnish their own
horses and i Ive their whole time Co the business.
Spare moments may ne profitably employed also.
A few vacancies In towns and cities. B. F. JOHN
SON A CO.. 1013 Slain st.. liiehm nd. Va.
■ ■nn /W ■ Catch them alive with
I 9 LIES * Styner’s Sticky Fly
0 OpImWB I’AiE't Sold by all drug
gists or grocers, or mailed, postage paid, on receipt
of 5 cent.. T. |{. DAWLEY, Manufac
turer, 5? Beekniun JSt eel, New X ork.
TCY AC I A Ml) 5.000.000 acres best agricul-
I Un HQ kMIvU tural and grating land for sale.
Address.GOD LJ? V dk I’o R TER. Dal las. Te x.
S ,o a day. Samples worth *1.50, FREE
7ft, JI Lines not under the horse's feet. Write
W W Brewster Safety Hein Holder Co.. Holly. Mich.
GO I.l> is worth SSOO par lb. Pettit's EyeSalveis
worth sl,ixx), but is sold at 25c. & box by dealer
Cincinnati july4O
- A OCT. 27®-
•{ i ; *u«J*oW£S3SB?
CEUTEimijILEiPOSITIOJiajiOWLLEI
GRAND JUBILEE celebrating the Settlement of the Northwestern Territory
_y N SURPASSEn DISPLAY.
HWi tv WURI M m«^ UUHG wncis.
EXCURSION RATES FROM ALL POINTS.
WEBER
PIANO-FORTES.
ENDORSED BY THE LEADING ARTISTS. SEMI
NARIANS, AND THE PRESS, AS THE
BEST PIANOS MADE.
Prices a* reasonable and terms as easy as consistent
with thorough workmanship.
CATALOGUES MAILED FREE.
Correspondence Solicited.
WAREROOMS,
Fifth Avenue, conJ6tli St., N.Y.
K esBERCKa
' B /?- 5
® M PURE S Q 4
i 5 v o white f° I 2
g K \\ *» / ’ 35
x § J
S BARK. P*
JOHN* T. LEWIS & BROS.,
WARRANTED PURE
White Lead, Red Lead, Litharge, Orange
Mineral, Painters’ Colors and Linseed Oil.
CORRESPONDENCE SO I.ICITED.
MARVELOUS
MEMORY
DISCOVERY.
Wholly unlike artificial eystems.
Cure of mi nd wnnderinsr.
Any book learned in one reading.
Classes of 1087 at Baltimore, 100*5 at Detroit.
1500 at Philadelphia, 1113 at Washington, 1218
at Boston, large classes of Columbia Law students, at
Yale, Wellesley, Oberlin, University of Penn., Mich
igan University, Chautauqua, Ac., Ac. E'-dorsed by
Richard Proctor, the Scientist. Hous. W.W. Astor,
Judah P. Bfnjamjn, Judge Gibson, Dr. Brown, E.
H. Cook, Principal N. Y. State Normal College, Ao.
Taught by correspondence. Prospectus POST FREft
from PROF. LOISETTE. 237 Fifth Ave.. N. Y.
FOHIOS
All cuttings of the drill in clay, sand, gravel, rock, Ac.,
are discharged nt surface without removing
tools. Noted for succene where others fail. Drill
drops 70 to 90 times n minute. Profits larg.
Catalogue Free. LOOMIS & NYMAN,
TIFFIN, OHIO.
. for Shot Curts, QnflW>
RIFLES Pv
flßmt X\» nd Pi«tols.f TT 4
IRk Send Ch eapes ts"
\ Iv mZS, £ 1 1
Box 1044 V, New Haven, Conn. —1
s - SwailTl Sc**”-
Sent on trial. Freight
tt o paid. Fully Warranted.
3 TON $35.
Other sire, proportion
ately low. Agents well paid. Illustrated Catalogue
free. Mention this Paper.
OSGOOD & THOMPSON, Binghamton, N. Y.
SWE .MEAN WHAT WE SAY!
BALD SPOTS Wecurethcv.
TKiNHAIR
DANDRUFF : Rious Fairlfon.
TKIN BEARD FtoUars'’
FALLINC HA!R_our remedy.
FECHTER REMEDY CO.,
New Haven, Conn. BoxMF.
Bend this to headed frivrA.
BLOOD POISONING, ula and all Diseases of the
Urinary Organs positively cured or no charge Our
medicine is a i retentive of Malaria and Yellow Fever.
Full sire sample bottle sent free on receipt of 26
cents to prepay postage. IIIE HAul
MEDICINE CO.. Box .501, Unionville, Cl.
Great English Gout and
Si liiSa Rheumatic Remedy.
Oval Box, 34i round. 11 Pills.
RM « Li,, at home and make inore money workinjfornthaa
tjoKiJl at anvthinp else tn the world Either aex Costly ont«
rata. Terns. > are. Address, Tat a t to- Augusta, Mamo.
A. N. U Twenty-nine, ’BB