Newspaper Page Text
THURSDAY, MAY 20, 1954
SEGREGATION IN
PUBLIC SCHOOLS
OUTLAWED
(Continued from Page One)
liar in that they each were ap¬
peals by Negroes from appelate
court decisions. Another was
an appeal by the state against
a favorable ruling to Negroes.
The final one went directly to
the federal supreme court.
The Clarendon County, Tope¬
ka, and Prince - -------- Edward county -------
cases all were appeals from
lower court decisions which up¬
held the constitutionality of
segregation.
In Wilmington, N. C., a court
ruled tat Negroes must be ad¬
mitted to two schools there
because facilities offered at
Negro schools were inferior to
those offered at the white in¬
stitutions. The state, however,
appealed this ruling.
The D. C. case never was
ruled on by a lower tribunal; it
went directly to the high court.
Although the cases came to
the high court through separate
channels, they were handled as
one major issue—that of segre¬
gation in public schools. This
procwlure renter enabled the court to
a decision affecting all
the &ases at once.
The first case in the 20th
century to challenge the con¬
stitutionality of segregation in
schools was the Clarendon |
county case. Parents of Negro I
pupils in School District No. 1, *
Clarendon county, brought suit j
to compel the admission of their j
children to white schools. They j
argued that facilities provided I
for colored children were in-j
f er > or - |
At the time the suit was
originally filed, there were 2,799 !
Negro and some 295 white,
children in the public schools |
of District No. l. This case was
heard by a special three-judge j
federal court which included i
the then Judge J. Waties War¬
ing.
The court, by a vote of two
to one, acknowledged that the
separate schols were unequal,
but failed to rule on the con¬
stitutionality of the dual school
system. It ordered the school
bard to take immediate steps,
toward equalization of the
schools, and gave the district
six months to show progress ’
made toward this. j
When this was done, the court
acknowledged that progress
had been made. Negro parents,
however, were determined to
have the case taken to the U. S.
Supreme court for a direct
ruling on the constitutionality
of segregation.
The federal court accepted
the case May 10, 1952. |
In the first decision rendered
Judge on the Waring Clarendon dissented, county hold- case, j
ing that segregation per se I
(in itself) is inequality.
In the Topeka case, Negro *
parents were challenging seg¬
regation in the elementary
school grades. Junior and sen¬
ior high grades already were
Integrated.
Lawyers for parents of some
20 colored pupils ; ip> Topeka (
filed suit asking that the Kan-'
vaulted. >as ^segregation statute be in-
This was in 1951.
Is as.JKi ®‘tober, 1951. the attorneys !
the U.S. Supreme court I
o^review the case. Since then *
on Sept. 3, 1953. the Topeka \
school board passed a resolution j
to end segregation. Several of [
the city's 22 elementary schools *
have since become integrated, i
The Delaware case was dif- '
ferent in that Negroes won in ;
the lower court. Litigation here j
began when parents of Negro
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Bellinger’s Service
Stations
MINUTE CAR WASH
AUTOMATIC TIRE CHANGE
ROAD SERVICE AND LUBRICATION
West Broad at Oak Phone 4-9233
W. J. BELLINGER, Mgr. and Prop.
37th Street at Opeechee Rd. Phone 9756
Henry M. Robinson, Mgr. W. J. Bellinger, Prop.
“RUN IN BEFORE YOU RUN OUT”
XMAS SEALS SALES
HIGHEST SINCE 1945
(Continued from Page One)
1944 and 1945 were the
times that the 1953 mark was
surpassed.
The bond f ° r / 95
amounted to schools' S3«50 f
sales, 173,42: *266 55
and mail sales, $1,216.29, total-
ing 2.003.26. Various types of
promotional programs were
initiated ^ for r 1953. o ti This .1 included • . .
radio ... dramatc . productions, ... skits. , ..
forums, etc. The results of
1,953 campaign ___. were as , follows:
Bonds, $523.50; clubs, $30.50;
labor unions, $127.00; street
sales, $500.06; mail, 1,291.25:
schools and PTA’s, $609.61:
ticket sales, $7.50; church king
and queen contests, $152.08;
coin boxes, $16.03, and office,
$6 60.
Mr. Scott praised the cooper¬
ation received fom the genera)
public. T.B. Associate Board
local TB office staff and the
deputy T.B. chairmen who
netted over $100. T he deputy
chairmen who contributed
most were: street sales, Mrs.
Sadie Steele: king and queen
church contest, Mrs. Laconia
Cliffln: labor, Freddie Bryant
and Raymond Smith: evening
schools. Mrs. Mozelle Clemmons
Mr. S’cott was loud in his praise
for Stanley Whittley, T.B. field
representative who served as
coordinator for the T.B. sales
Dr. R. M. Gilbert, pastor of
First African Baptist church
directed the dramatic product-
ions. Mrs. Thelma Wright di¬
rected the sales among service-
men units. The local PTA’s
worked most cooperatively with
the sales.
Rev. R J. Cliffin donated the
use of his church, First Moon)
Bethel Baptist church ,as the
headquarters for the king and
queen contest. Virgil Demerv
local police officer, is Dresiden*
of the T.B. Associate Board.
pupils refused to let their child¬
ren go to segregated schools in
Wilmington because they were
racially segregated and physi¬
cally inferior. The parents also
contended that segregation was
unconstitutional and inflicted
psychological injury on the
pupils.
The case was filed in a fed-
eral district court in 1951 and
tried before Judge Collins J.
Seitz. He found that the Negro
schools were physically inferior
and ordered the Claymont high
school and the Hockessin school
No. 29, the two institutions in¬
volved, to cease excluding Negro
pupils.
Judge Seitz did not order the
colored pupils admitted to
white schools on the ground of
segregation. He left this issue
for the high tribunal. The
state of Delaware appealed the
jurist’s ruling to its own sup-
reme court. This latter body
affirmed it. The state then ap¬
pealed to the federal court.
In the Prince Edward county
case, attorneys for Negro pupils
attempted to show the harm¬
ful effects of segregation on
pupils. A three-judge federal
court held segregation to be
constitutional. Segregation, the
court said, was "one of the ways
life in Virginia” and did ‘‘no
harm or hurt to either race.”
The case was tried in Febru-
ary, 1952, and an appeal was
taken to the Supreme court
The issue centered on high
schools in Prince Edward coun
ty. A southern state, Virginia
requires segregation in its con-
stltution.
Parents of Negro puipls in
the District of Columbia
tempted to enroll their child
32 CAB DRIVERS,
DISPATCHERS GET
CERTIFICATES
(Continued from Page One)
1 at the West Broad Street YMCA.
1 thed^certificates ' £Z
Friday
! in ceremonies at which J
\ P . Su } t ° n ’ T of the
J ^ Wilton ^ C. t Scott, h ™ in public * ddrf relations f and
director, .. . Savannah . State _. . col-
and su l f B h
Adult Educaion Center, , award-
ed the certificates.
In the evening’s exercises
where a group of 14 cab drivers
and dispatchers completed the
course. Mr. Scott delivered the
address and Mr. S’utton awayri-
“d the certificates.
John S. Hood, president of
Cab Operations, in his remarks
at both exercises expressed his
gratification at the interest
exhibited by these students
spending these extra hours
a meeting in an attmpt to im
orove themselves. Mr. Hood
2TT, E m T ir KauL^ s
secretary, who made a presen-
tation on behalf of the com _
• R M Waters and T. A.
y .
Barefield, superintendents, and
: Mrs To(1 chief operator,
,
The course was taught by
Robert C. Long, Sr., of the
Dept, of Business, Savannah
State college.
Those receiving certificates
were Robert T. Baker. Willie C.
Beasley, Jack Brown, Moses H.
Butler, Rufus Campbell, Nor¬
man Dash, manager; Corrie
Hendrix, Julian Cleveland, Wm.
E. Jones, Mrs. Josephine Dix¬
on, dispatcher; Moses L. Martin,
Mrs. Nellie A. Oliver, Wesley
Reid, recent award winner for
j years driving without an acci-
1ent; Lucius Smith. Willie Wil¬
lis, Mrs. Lucille Wright, Charles
Williams, Freddie R. Brown,
Tommie Griffin. David Green,
Owen Brown, Eulie Mitchell.
Horace Houston, Mrs. Thelma
Hemp, Walter Glenn, James R.
Stafford. Mrs. Rachel Sutton,
Tames Walker, Charles Wash¬
ington, Nathan Warren and
Luther Young.
en in all-white Sousa high
school. Adrhisslon was refused
md parents through their attor-
aey., filed suit against the D.C.
school board. A federal court
dismissed the suit. An appeal
,vas taken to the federal court
if appeals.
PROJECTS VALUED AT $420,-
)()0 COMPLETED BY 4-H’ers
Farm and home projects
valued at $420,000 were com¬
pleted by 11,019 colored 4-H
club boys and girls of Virginia
luring 1953, reports District
Igent S. E. Marshall of the
Virginia Extension Service.
Greenville county’s 397 club
members led the State with the
completion of 220 projects
ted at 21,000; Lunenburg conn-
ty’s 255 4-H’ers were second
vith 135 completed
/alued at $15,000. Other coun-
ies with high earning projects
were Prince Edwards with 17’8
•ompletions worth $8 142; and
Dinwiddle, with 519, valued at
CALVERT RESERVE BLENDER WHISKEY- 86.8 PROOF- 65 % 0 RAIN NEUT^TPl$TILLERV.CORRORATION, NEW YORK CUY
SEVENTEEN OPPOR¬
TUNITY FELLOWSHIPS
(Continued from Page One)
Philadelphia, to continue study
at Harvard university law
school; James Ellis Christopher,
Jersey City, N. J . to continue
work toward a master s in geol-
ogy at Ohio State;
Joseph H. French. Columbus,
O., student kt the College of
Medicine, Ohio State university,
to begin internship at Philadel-
phia General hospital; Gilbert
Harris. Jr.. Garden City Park.
L. I., N Y, recently discharged
from the armed forces, to con¬
tinue art studies at Art Stud¬
ents League of New York and
study paint in Mexico;
Mrs. Dorothy Esther Hoover.
Hope, Ark., graduate student.
University of Arkansas, to com¬
plete work for doctorate ir
math at University of Michi¬
gan; Miss Rhea Jackson, New
York, continue study of voice
in Europe;
James Atwood Jones, Boston,
graduate student, Columbia uni-
i versity, for work toward doctor¬
ate in social psychology, Har-
; vard ««r rsi i y: M ^ M ,T y Ruth
(Lowe, T New York, , Brooklyn law
I school student, to work toward
I master of law degree, Harvard
university;
Thomas Orestes Meeks, Jr.,
radiological physicist, to start
doctorate research program in
physics at Polytechnic* Insti-
tute of Brooklyn; George
ine Oliver, Chicago, continue
study toward doctorate in lit-
erature, Pennsylvania
university:
Gregory Frame Simms, New-
ton, Kan., work toward master’s
in voice at Conservatory of
Pairs, France: David Leandor
Stramon, Southport, N C„ com¬
pletion of dissertation in Liber-
GRADUATION
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Phones 9961-9378
ia for doctorate in political
sricrvce from Uniee ratty of
Michigan;
Obert C. Vincent, New
graduate study for doctorate
in clinical psychology at Colum-
bia university; Miss Mary
Elizabeth Williamson,
I ir ’B ton - D C., Mount Holyoke ,
I college student. masters In
.literature at Columbia;
f Mrs Marie VilIa Wood - New
| York * Howard university history
i nstructor. complete disserta-
I t * on ’ n f° r doctorate in
history from the American uni¬
versity: James Edward Jones.
Little Rock, Ark., continue law
tudy at University of Wiseon-
in; and Dr. Claudius Shrop¬
shire, continue (second year’s
residency in surgery at Wads-
worth General hospital. Los
Angeles.
Robert C. Weaver, director of
*he fellowship program, praised
the work of such past winners
as Mattiwilda Dobbs and Sam¬
uel Cullers as examples of how
these awards "discover persons
of exceptional promise, accel¬
erate their development and af¬
ford a democratic society the
chance to utilize more fully
their talents.”
COMMUNITY HOUSE
(Continued from Page One)
as the mother of the year dur-
i n B Gie event,
Wednesday, May 12, at 8 00
m * the annual birthday
party was held at the commun-
house. Miss Metella Maree,
principal of Paulsen school,
was the .speaker for the occas-
on, her subject, "Courage.” A
large, beautiful birthday cake
with five candles decorated
tlie speaker’s table. Mrs. Lillian
Grant and Mrs. Grace Young,
co-chairmen.
Vance Allison Installs
Jr. Auxiliary
(Continued from Page One)
j ________ vice president;
Mias Rosiiyn Ryals, treasurer;
Miss Izetta Me Fall, chaplain;
Miss Barbara Ann Me Fall, eon-
due tress; Miss Jean Seabrooks,
secretary; Miss Eva Mae
patriotic instructor; Miss
Mae Williams, guard; Miss Al-
berta Havien, color bearer No. 1;
Miss Fatima Havien, color bear¬
er No. 2; Miss Fancina Watts,
historian.
A delicious repast was served
as a courtesy of the post com¬
mander, C. O. Ryals. Auxiliary
DIAL 3-4720
FBI.—SAT. MAY 21—22
2— BIG HITS—2
Rod Cameron
“SAN ANYONE"
HIT NO. 2
‘RAINBOW ROUND
MY SHOULDER"
SERIAL—CARTOON
SUN.—MON. MAY23—24
2 —BIG HUS —2
Harrey Carey
“TRADER HORN”
HIT NO. 2
Red Skelton
‘GREAT DIAMOND
ROBBERY’
NEWS—CARTOON
i—BIG DAYS—G
STARTING
TUE. MAY 25
THERE NEVER
WAS A PICTURE LIKE
A tense,
exciting
epic ol
Iht* Wnt!
ALAN LADD
JEAN ARTHUR
VAN HEFLIN
GEORGE STEVENS’
£3 I—ixx r^vj ^
BRANDON Dt WILOfc
■ -'-JACK BALANCE
• SN JOHNSON IOG AH *UI HAN AH
A«a»wCIB AHO e.MCttO •> OSORGt btcvcns
G < U* A a OUTMAlfc jh
Oulosui >*Ck Shim
• Agio c * Te»| ne*«i |r .AC* tCHilfu
TECHNICOLOR ^
A FAftAAlCbNI g.CTwMl X
Added Joy
3 Stooge Comedy
News—Cartoon
advisors and members prest it
were Sister Olivia Robins..-.
president of the Sr Unit; Sistei
Omega Ryals. Sister Annie
Schmidt, Sister Mamie L. Wil-
hams and Sister Evelyn White
i : C fisnm
j
DIAL 3-6092
FBI.—SAT. MAY 21—22
2—BIG HITS—2
George O’Brien
In
“GOLD HAIDERS”
And
“ROSE OF
CIMARRON’
Serial — Comedy
Sunday, Monday. Tuesday
May 22, 24. 25
2—BIG HITS—2
‘“THE WEIL’ (<tt terrific
hjndclippmr at the fer¬
ritic finale. The Beit cf °.
the new film dramas!" U6' n
WAITER WINCHEU
Warner Bros —hunt
e j4 s POWELL' _ JANE
A
1 GORDON -
% M ac Rae ^
BENE NELSON SAM LEVENE • GEORGE GIV07
VHO INttOOUCtfiCi "D* HAt Ur
ACK f llONARO f AND K'fiQf ‘ A LtVl'KY fREIMAN
tvucal by Ht* Hi
WFIL-T IIIJU.MA V 2 U -27
—BIG FEATURES—2
Frankie Lane
In
‘WHEN YOU’RE
SMILING”
And
Van Johnson
June AHyson
“REMAINS TO
BE SEEN’
Comedy — Serial
PAGE 3 T 7 SH
I GsSMUHR X u
J
1 DIAL 2-2946
1
FRY—SAT. MAY 21—22
2—FUG HITS—2
Buster Crabibe and
Al (Fuzzy) St. John in
“HUSTLERS’
HIDEOUT”
Hit No. 2
•DEPUTY MARSHAL”
ALSO
REMEMBER, THAT
BIG LATE SHOW ON
SATURDAY, MAY 22
TWO BIG FEATURES
I WANT A BABY’
“MISTRESS OF SIN”
Sunday, Monday, Tuesday
May 22, 21, 25
2—BIG HITS—2
TOLD WITH
BOLDNESS
THAT WILL $% /
HOCK % :■ .h
YOU!
lWi!MfcgTgg£r
Hit No. 2
■ST/Wt; fU
mighty
msi
S.
jm
_ i,iUi'iH'ie emir I#* \ OH
.
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(utin '* *'
•imi 30308^
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TERRY MOuRE * BEN JOHNSON
m ROBERT ARMSTRONS «u F 3 M MciltJSH
mu k EKSt CioRldf I Willis MUM O’Ctiefi -0,
I•clinical
TOM'tpUy by Hu Mi .ftttw /VP f/kjrir,:
*„ m> 71
*,v*>*U. i 1 -^
Serial and Comedy
ED.—THfUR. MAY 26—21
2-rBIG HIT S—2
‘MISTRESS OF .SIN”
HIT NO. 2
“I WANT A BABY”
A. A. News Service Comedy
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