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VERTICAL INTEGRATION
(From The New York Times)
Some years ago Harry Golden of The
Carolina Israelite put forward his “verti¬
cal Negro plan” for ending the segrega¬
tion crisis. He observed that there seemed
to be no Southern objection to Negroes
standing in close proximity to whites—
in stores and elevators, for example. The
whites objected only when seated—as at
lunch counters and in schools. So Mr.
Golden, tongue firmly in cheek, suggested
that all seats be removed from schools and
other problem areas so that the two races
could stand together in peace.
The shrewdness of Mr. Golden's insight
was indicated in a recent dispatch from
Suffolk. Va. A national chain store there,
after closing its lunch counter for two
weeks following a Negro demonstration,
has reopened the counter on an unsegre¬
gated basis, but with the seats removed.
If that price must be paid for equality, it
ARE PUBLIC LUNCH COUNTERS SOCIAL CLUBS?
From the St.
Apologists for the store operators who
have been mistreating American Negroes
who sought seryice on an equal basis at
lunch counters in the South are now try¬
ing to make out that eating a hot dog
and drinking a cup of coffee alongside
other members of Ihe buying public, in
a store catering to the entire public is an
effort by Negroes to gain social accep¬
tance by whites.
This type of poppycock does not take
into consideration that by no stretch of
EDITORIAL OPINIONS OF THE NATIONS PRESS
Compiled by the
ASSOCIATED NEGRO PRESS
Here is a sampling of the reaction of
the nation’s press to the recent South
African massacre pf Negroes protesting'
restrictive laws:
THE TIMES, NEW YORK. N. Y.:
“This sickness of South Africa is a
symptom of a world' sickness that can
be cured (inly by the medicine of sanity,
justice and tolerance”
THE POST, DENVER:
Fusillades from s u b-ni a c h i n e guns
against unarmed Africans in the Union
cannot help but lengthen the odds against
Africa’s winning the true fruits of free¬
dom in our time.”
THE NEWS and COURIER, Charleston.
S. C.:
“The selection of stories in The New
^ ork Times and other influential .journals
Put South Africa in a very bad light.
The cheap protests of domestic agitation
groups like the Congress for Racial Equal¬
ity were given a big build-up. The plight
of the white South Africans, threatened
hv creeping barbarism, was ignored.”
THE EXAMINER, Los Angeles:
Quite understandably, a large number
of Americans would prefer to see this
country keep out of other nations' af¬
fairs. So would we, as a general rule.
But it is both the duty and the penal!v
of our country’s position in the world to
affirm our leadership when the occasion
demands.”
THE MORNING NEWS, Wilmington,
Del.:
“The I nion of South Africa is the only
country in the world, as far as we know,
that is trying not only to bring the move¬
ment for better treatment of an oppressed
race to a halt but also to turn the clock
back to the more repressive practices of
an earlier era.”
2500 Attend
4th Mass
Meet
(Continued from rage’ onel
be against us.”
Legree Burke, a
State College student, spoke for
the youth. In answer to the
question, “What do we hope to
gain?” he said. “Every right
and privilege granted American
citizens by the United States
Constitution.”
Jam- Ty.vya of th° Progres¬
sive Loc-ai Union 601, appealed
is worth paying. But surely the episode
underlines the pettiness and illogicality
of racial segregation, as Mr. Golden’s
“plan” did.
The peaceful admission of Negroes to
lunch counters in San Antonio last week
shows that adjustment to common sense
and common decency is possible on this
issue, although admittedly San Antonio
is not the Deep South. A heavy responsi¬
bility in the lunch counter struggle rests
on the national chain stores whose South¬
ern branches are involved, and to date
they have not met that responsibility.
Economic power of the kind these chains
have won carries with it the duty to use
the power wisely and tourageously. The
chains cannot hide behind 1he excuse of
local custom. They should take the hold
step and make it their policy to deal with
all customers equally, in all their stores.
the imagination can a public lunch coun¬
ter be considered the proper place for a
social occasion.
People who seek exclusiveness for eat¬
ing their meals organize private clubs,
where such exclusiveness may be prac¬
ticed without question.
Equating a public eating place, in an
establishment which advertises its wares
for public sale with a private club for
white only, or blacks only, is rather far¬
fetched.
THE POST, Washington, D. C .:
“The cause is a paralyzing fear on the
part of the white minority, particularly
the Afrikaners—fear of economic compe¬
tition, of loss of advantage, or racial
admixture, even of revenge for past
wrongs. This is a common human emo¬
tion, and one that through history some¬
times has brought appalling denials of
human dignity. No country or people is
immune. A very similar emotion figures
in the difficulties in the South of the
United States with the distinction that
here it is the policy of the Federal Gov¬
ernment to eliminate racial discrimina¬
tion.”
THE COURIER-JOURNAL, Louisville.
Ky.:
“Most of Africa’s new governments,
however, have closer links to the primi-
tism of a half-century ago than with the
l«)]itical and scientific complexities of the
Space Age- If they are nj>t to lose in
chaotic disorder and sheer inefficiency the
bright hopes with which they are taking
over their national destinies, or to fall to
Communist blandishments or indigeous
dictatorships, they must have the most
intelligent assistance that older nations
can provide.”
THE BULLETIN, Philadelphia:
“The police killings of Negroes in South
Africa are the result of a state policy de¬
liberately hostile to the majority race.
The murder of an innocent white boy in
South Philadelphia occurred in a city
leaning over backward to encourage good
will with a Negro minority. To attribute
hoodlum uprisings here to disorder in
South Africa or South Carolina is to
credit moron boys with reacting to world
affairs never heard of.”
, to all laborers to support the
I movement morally and finan-
' Dally.
Rev. Jackson invited the au¬
dience to return to FAB church
| on Easter Sunday at 4 p. m. for
I a prayer service.
Grand Jury
j Probe Rocks
(Continued from Page One)
either. *
“These worth statements are
nothing new," he continued. "!
signed one once before and will be
glad to cooperate again—if
asked.”
Lt. Bryan said he had not
called by the jury. The
were unavailable for comment.
Other officers also have
ssked to submit statements
cluding Detective Marion
Crane. His private car figured
an alleged incident with a
pick-up car on which Mayor
graft charges were ba c ed.
Captain Tanner also figured
the Negro officers' statements
the mayor.
One said that when he tried
mske a before-hour: arre.-’ a (
Negro saloon Captain Tanner
THE SAVANNAH TRIBUNE, SAVANNAH, GEORGIA
How Long Can The Government Allow Defiance and Loss of World Respect?
■ * •'£
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W'i V.ffc'VNOV'* 00^
the Home
(Second in a Series of Four)
11y MRS. EDNA L. WILLIAMS
(Mrs. Williams is a graduate of
Atlanta University School of Li¬
brary Service and has worked as
librarian in several colleges.)
The phrase, “The more 1 see it,
the better I like it,” is a truism
for books, as other things.
And what better place to create
a love of books than in the home?
With a book, a child can let his
imagination have free reign, inter¬
preting author’s words as he
chooses, as it should be. Every
child should have the joy of oivn-
ing books that are his to look at
and read whenever he chooses.
But what of developing the home
library, is it an expensive process?
The experts say a good home li¬
brary need not be costly, but it
should offer variety,
Consider these things in starting
a library in your home:
(!) In purchasing. A visit to,
the nearest library or book' stare
where free catalogs are available,
or the book review sectior of news¬
papers or magazines will reveal
some of the fine works being pub¬
lished today. Some of the classics,
as Alice In Wonderland and Rob¬
inson Crusoe should certainly be
included in purchases, and recent
inexpensive editions are available.
All books need not be considered
permanent additions to the library.
The child should be able to discard
those he no longer wants, for some
2 Scholarships Available for
of Classes
Two scholarships of $150 each
have boon made available for Ne¬
gro teachers who would like to
qualify to teach special .education
classes in Savannah’s Public
schools. Dr. Lee Howard, Jr.,
Chairman of the Mayor’s Advi¬
sory Committee on Health Careers
said Tuesday.
The scholarships were donated
by the Georgia Grand Lodge Prince
Hall Masons, the first Negro group
to supply scholarships which are
necessary for Savanhah teachers
to qualify to teach in the school’s
special education program.
R. W. Gadsden, Chairman, of
foreign correspondence of the
Prince Hall Masons, learned of
the need for such scholarships
when he attended a recent meet¬
ing of the Mayor's Advisory Com¬
mittee held at United Community
Services. Mr. Gadsden then con¬
tacted the Lodge’s Grand Master,
John Wesley Dobbs in Atlanta and
pea red from behind the bar.
Tanner had been taken to ta-k
| by a previous grand jury for mak-
I ing his headquarters at the same
bar, in the Central Negro District.
Subsequent stories describing
! how Tanner has become prosper-
| ous recently through his real es-
! tate holdings.
Sources told The News that
Tanner was of a mind to defy the
I Grand Jury in its request for his
I financial statement and was try-
: ing to persuade other officers to
; do likewise.
Previous Dade grand juries have
sought financial information from
police officers but this apparently
■ tin first- time ihe questionnaire
technique has been used here.
books, once read, have been “used
up” so to speak, while others will
be read again and again. Expen¬
sive books are not necessarily the
best books. Many good books are
available at the drug, grocery or
variety store fo ras little os $.25.
(2) Consider Your Child. We
should plan the library to fit the
child and let his stage of develop¬
ment, specific needs and interests
guide us in our book selection. Buy¬
ing books too advanced for his
abilities may overwhelm him, with
the result that he may shy away
from reading. There should be in¬
cluded one or two books in which
he has not expressed an interest,
but to which his interest may be
guided. A good children’s book
club may offer your child further
experience in selecting books.
(3) In Choosing: A variety of
Stilly 'books are invaluable in the
home library, but reference books
(dictionary, atlas, encyclopedia)
are the backbone. When these are
carefully chosen, they encourage
the child to seek information for
himself—a big step in promoting
independence.
If only one set of encyclopedias
can be purchased to accommodate
each age group, choose one that is
comprehensive in coverage of facts,
untechnical in language, with
ample illustrations. Advice on the
best encyclopedia for your need
can be obtained at the library.
told him of the need. Mr. Dobbs
subsequently approved the scho¬
larships as part of that organiza¬
tion’s charity work for 1960.
“We still need to obtain 8 scho¬
larships for white teachers and 8
more for Negro teachers in order
to have enough instructors for
these special education classes in
the fall,” f)r. Howard said. “This
fine gesture by the Prince Hall
Grand Lodge of Masons encour¬
ages us, to think that other civic
groups and organizations will de¬
cide to offer money for the rest
of the scholarships.”
Teachers who teach special edu¬
cation classes do not receive any
extra compensation although they
must have extra training, Dr. Ho¬
ward said. Also, since there is
no state nor federal money avail- j
able for scholarships in the field,
money for such training must
come either from the individual
teacher or from local groups.
Jabberwock
to Have
(Continued from Page Ons;
vannah Alumnae Chapter of the
Delta Sigma Theta Sorority, Inc.
Savannahians look forward to this
annual activity and the usual capa¬
city audience is expected.
Tickets may be purchased from
any member of the Sorority or
the “Miss Jabberwock” contest¬
ants. Proceeds will be used for
high ctliool cho’m.Jiip,- and 'ha-
ritable projects in the community. 1
Direction
By J. REDDICK
Serving the needs of persons is a
major opportunity. Our attempt
to adjust any phase of world af¬
fairs should begin with persons.
A story is toil? of a little boy
who had a map of the world with
the picture of a man on the reverse
side of it. The map, by accident,
was torn into halves. The little
boy’s father one day was trying
to put the map togetl. ir in order
that he could determine directions.
When the boy saw his father strug¬
gling, he said to his father, “It is
simple: turn the map over and get
the man right.” The father simply
turned it over and corrected the
■'man" on the reverse side and the
“world” was right. This alludes
to the important factor that’ we ;
have neglected in so many i n - i
t
stances today. We may struggle |
with a confused community, insti¬
tution or world trying to save it;
with this missing factor, I
persons,
we achieve little or nothing. If the
institution does not serve the needs
of persons, it is useless.
Struggling to save institutions
at the expense of persons is a com¬
mon evil we sometime give efforts
to today. We need to “correct the
reverse side” when persons are on
the reverse side. Institutions are
means and not ends. They are
tools by which man should be serv¬
ed.
Scriptural reference: Mark
2:23-28. The critics of Jesus were
interested in “Our way of life”
even if other persons suffer at its
expense, just so the institution is
preserved. Through Jesus’ min¬
istry, he worked uncompromising¬
ly to correct that distorted idea
and give the crown back to man,”
the crown of God’s creation.”
Jesus’ position is still a challenge
to our religion.
Church Leaders Endorse I
Sit-Down Protests I
NEW YORK—(ANP) — The j
president of the National Council
of Churches said Friday orderly j
sit-down protests against discrimi¬
nation were “an expression of-just
and righteous indignation.”
The president, the Rev. Edwin
T. Dahlberg, sent the letter to
leaders of 33 Protestant and East¬
ern Orthodox denominations in 50
states,
Racial
Self-Defense
(Continued from Page »me)
packinghouse workers, urging
that their support is “in the best
interest of the American labor
movement.”
A mass meeting on the steps of
?he Ohio State Capitol was held
on Sunday, April 10, at Colum¬
bus. Barbee William Durham is
executive secretary of the Colum¬
bus blanch.
West Coast activity in support
of the student demonstrations
widened with an NAACF regional
call to all branches to engage in
an all-out petition campaign.
C. D. Dellums, chairman of the
Wed CoB-t region, i"! the ram-
paign will be geared to gathering
SATURDAY, APRIL 10, lt>iiO
5)0 Drops
By R. VV. Gadsden
As well informed people
should know that children
go together like
marriage, which means
problem of disobedience,
and delinquency is
as the institution of
of the home and family. It
amiss to suggest that
after generation, the
with perhaps one or
has had occasion
shocked that its youth had
the Fourth
has sanctimoniously
the youth of each
was on the road to
St. Paul, the great
and hero of the
faith, cautioned the
the Ephesians in one of
in these words:
your parents in the
this is right. Honor
and mother (this is
commandment with promise)
it may be well with you
you may live long on
The great sustaining fact
our belief in the
and our youth, is that
majority of them are
of the trust and
of our labor and our
we must recognize,
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Between The Lines
By Dean Cordon B. Hancock for ANI*
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WHITE SUPREMACY’S TRUMP CARD
The current slaughter in
is easily one of the
and tragedies of
The tragic news that
out is bad enough,
untold st.o’ - y of what
must in the
be revolting.
What is currently going on
South Africa must
alongside Hitler’s
of Jews and with
of the hapless
Hitler with his
was slaughtered in his
chancellery;
hanged by his heels
to death on outskirts
In both cases the chickens
deeds were not long
home to roost. It
even so with Malan.
truth may be crushed
but it will rise again.
of Malan and
Africa will be free!
It is true that the
enslaved and
the Pharoahs, but it is
true that these same
have lived to igaze
dry bones f the once
that was built and
the Pharoahs.
The thing that should
concern us are the
means of white
is actual in South
is potential wherever the
of white supremacy
What is happening in
is a grim reminder
■ same thing could
for there are
thousands, if not
millions of whites in
who feel toward its
citizens as the whites feel
the Negroes of South
whose only crime is
for hte liberty
that South Africa and
world are dangling before
eyes.
Brutality cannot be more bru-
than to kindle the desire
and then slaughter hu¬
for desiring it. Only
in God can assuage the
forebodings aroused by
tragic enactments of the
They are currently doing in
Africa what they feel like
in Mississippi and for the
reason-wihite supremacy.
What is transpiring in South
must not be charged
the white race as there
Our Past This Week
By FANNIE S. WILLIAMS
An ANP Feature
April 12, 1863—The 54th Massa¬
Volunteer Infantry was
composed of persons of
decent.” These were the
Negroes recruited from free
people of the North to fight
the Civil War.
of signatures for pre-
(citation P’ c. idcnt E’ enfcower
May 17. The day marks the
did the writer of the Ephesians
that there are reasons why ehil-
dien become wayward and one of
them is the role of parents with
respect to the behavior of chil¬
dren. He cautions them also:
Fathers, do not provoke your
children to anger, but briny them
up in tlw discipline and instruc¬
tion of the Lord."
The , implication, of these words
is comprehensive enough to in¬
clude all the world knows about
responsibility of parents to see
to it children are “well born,” and
bred in an environment as econom¬
ically secure and adequate as pos¬
sible but based upon affectionate
regard of each for all, “in honor
preferring one another.”
It is an age-long tragedy that
some families, perhaps many, have
not operated in accordance with
the best ideals for rearing chil¬
dren; it is more tragic that aii too
often children, born and reared
in desirable environment, “depart
from the way of their training.”
The responsibility of parents to
provide adequate home life for
their children is tremendous if it
is true that “People never get be¬
yond the influence of their first
homes . . . they carry the influ¬
ence of that first home with them
as long as they are alive upon the
earth.”
is such great temptation to do.
It must only be charged against
the advocates of white supre-
rnacy predicated upon the de-
gradation of human beings,
There are millions and mil-
,
lions of whites who have not
| bowed white the knee to wi ich the is Baal of
supremacy com-
milted to the ideals of Christi-
anity and democracy and hu-
man decency,
AH of the whites in South Af.
rioa do not condone Malanism
j and the current slaughter of
defenseless Negroes who want
i to live in decency and freedom,
And some of us had thought
1 that the long dark night of
s * aver y was P ast ■ The cur-
ren t danger ,is that the recent
upsurge of white supremacy
with its concomitant human
degradation and slaughter may
undermine and destroy civilixa-
011 anc * mankind itself.
! ^ all but de stroyed
roan's faith in man. There is
j n '°* ; a nation on the face of t. e
j car *- b that trusts another na-
; H° n - Could Russia have steat¬
er comfort than that afford-
1 ec * by the enactments in tragic
South Africa?
The implications of white su¬
premacy are more ominous than
i those of communism. The late
H. G. Wells was right when he
that race prejudice is the
worst single thing in the life
I of mankind. White supreraa-
; ey’s trump card is the machine
gun!
The one ray of sunshine in
the dark cloud that brutality in
I South Africa has cast over the
earth is the assurance that.
what is transpiring there has
j j not of the the white unanimous world. approbation
Although.tin- p. • v :•; t!m! be
in South Africa hurl into the
j teeth of some protesting nations
the irritating truth that they
themselves must get right be-
j fore trying to right what is
wrong with South Africa.. South
Africa is disgraced in the eye's
of history. The accusations
against the guilty by the guilty
make for a weak case.
“Pots must not call kettles
black” is an old adage that will
not down. In the meantime
hope for oppressed peoples re¬
sides in the promise of God
that righteousness has a mort¬
gage on the world and that in
due time, the lion and the lamb
will lie down together.
April 13, 1866 -Fisk university,
Nashville, Tenn., was established.
April 14, 1775 The first aboli¬
tion society in the United States
was founded.
April 14, 186;, Pres. Abraham
Lincoln rvas shot by John Wilkes
Booth, at Ford’s Theatre in Wash¬
ington.
I
I sixth anniversary of the Supreme
| Court’- decision on school deseg-
! relation.