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Q TH ^j ATLANTA WEEKLY SU^T—APRIL 29, lQTO. OTS Attbe ■ I clay or heavy auila, but in aaudy sol]*, where cere afeetorymtbleritT.tbe work produced I U ' " thi work noun. i taken to peek the aand well aronna the pipe, it ie also save that*he has fl»- le eaual to anything done at the North. All kinds stand* eery well. He ai«u »»ys uu< u< of orna oental work U admirably executed. Those j qnently to reject a portion of the pipe, when de- of our < iuvn« who desire io ornamnt their real- Uvered on the ground, on acoount of imperfeoticn* denoes with easea, pill ire. etc., have an Opportunity I The cem-nt pipe in use in this Tiatuity la made from of doing so at comparatiraly anil coat. Nothiigl the beat Newark new cetaant and aea-waahed gravel, adds more to the beauty of a yeatleman'i borne j screened to a sise considerably coarser than the The People. than tern cotta work, especially when artistically executed. It le our purpose to aid and aweourage all manufacturing -nleipriaeB in pur midst, and we take particular pl’-asitre in d .uur*" when they are 1 of a really meritorious character, a* i« the case with . Terra < otta works. H^ce it is tuat werecom- coaraest of bank aand. and In some canes Portland cement ta used. Tee article manufactured hare by Messrs Day k Colltua is *» good a < trn.ut p'pe as I have ever seen, but the best I have no hesitation in saying ia inferior to good vitifled olay pipe. If 1 had charge ol tile sewerage Works oi this <JT THE fcEWEKAUE QLETION! TRHH.Tl COTTi |P/P*||P». TWR CT.V. CHUTE CE.Mi.'YT Rim. To this Editors of Tn» Sun: For some time pari we havo had the terra cotta pipes manufactured by us assailed in'diffarent ways, which demands irom us a rep,y which will forever settle the question at issue. We dislike very mnch to engage in a newspaper controversy.even li It does ad-ct our buslnets. Until attacked we were satis fied to go along quietly and let time and experience together with the superiority of ou r ware refnt all unjust’and unfounded assaults made upon ua. .he first article Inch appeared was ono puulished by one of the city papeis a- an editorial, »h ch. while highly recommending the concrete cement pipe at the eame tune ‘made an unjust and uncalled for fiing at our m inntac lire. We supposed this was “ pai for" and would he bo understood by the read ers of that piper ai d then-fora wo made hut li tie ef fort i o counteract its effect. In las'. Sunday morning's Co .s'-itntion the tollow. ing appeared. Upon this we now propose to base this communication, nnd before w; get through hope to l*:a.,.e to satisl .eloriiy prove tied the •• four • i-.al char u tei jstic.i' claimed by M-s-rs, ilunni- i utt -t Belliri;.’rathe does not attach lo th* newer p-pe manufactured by ilie.n, rend-rifig it *• so,, rior’ to all othe. e. The article ahued to Is as follows: mend them to the public. Their window oaps, any other ciiy, 1 should recommend tus use of the brackets, medal hone, and other enrichments for vitrified clay pips in preference to cement, notwith- ATLANTA AND ITS FDill RE. SEWERAGE. The sanitary importance and value of an adequate lyatvio of sewerage, in all populated dittricta is beginning to be understood, ud Cannes bo too higuly appreciated. Assuming these premises to be graut*-d, we have to claim that the .,ewer pipe manufactured by us at superior in four special characteristics, vix: Efficient action, durability, economy and superiority ol connection. Experiment* have frequently demons:ra-e 1 that Sc ot pipes o. regular and continuous scrv.ee Iidos will pass from *25 to 50 pet cent, more sewera.e matter tuan o. ick sowers Ills entire volume ol testimony in tbo record- of, xperiineutal ind prac tical sewet age, go to show the great superiority ot action oi carefully formed pipe unes. T T n lor this head we claim that our pipes, from th6 process of the manufacture, being moulded under severs pressure in polished iron moulds, are not only aoB dute duplicates ,,f o t li otli-r for ,a.-i> sp- eial tize. but furmsii.-s when lam, from tbcir pe- oulianty oi shape, a mo.e p-rfect flowing surlace, prodn mg less l.ict.o'i ih- n ia poe-iblj with any cth r system of pipes or br,clt-work. W- claim tliat the concrete of which these pipes a:e made, being tile beet selected brands of bydrau- lic on out. and lino ch .ui giavci a:ni san-i, care- f fi’iy proponioneci, sa'chomica. vempoaiuon well known to our er.invui. radical Hydraulic Engi. n-ers, and it is sure to ncr-ss in hardn s» by it,, .awn ot coutinuou- cry slnlizitiona, and is s. eciady a t ipt d to unuerground -L-d underwater use, which exp* riuiciit s!»o va that a’l iltrtfled clays, wliothtr in use a* brick or pipes cannot stand such exposure, the lite ii d principal having been killed by the pro csss of buiuiun, aud in c urse of time, must tail. Precisely ihe same agents ;.nd actions which have pres rved to lhu pres-i t day. the constiuctton of the Rom u Empire, ih th'ir still enduring water w orks, are spphed and secured in this mauufac- •ure, as by our process of amalgamation. The life principle baa been commenc-d and must continue to crow- and harden until it becomes rock itself Tue eaten no.* and muiiuued ise of these pipes ia the cit. j o; Bro-ikiy, , Hartford, New Haveu, Bridgeport, Jersey • ity Long is.and, and, in fact, all the Ur,o cities an.. towi>a in the eastern aud West :-u, aud in pa.ts of the Southern Staled, iu cou nt ction with the above facts, wan ants us iu a.vng it i-only a qu ,,tmu of ti*uo lor Its universal adop- tinn. iW invite all luterested to examine 04c fic- tery and pipe ne ir Summer HiU. HUNNIGUXT & BE'JL’.N *R vTHS. Atlanta, Oa., April 12, 1*13. cornice*, are really admirable, while tbsir s-atuary, rtc , will compare favoraby wnh anything of .he kind that w have aeon. It is by aupporttn. liberally such inatitutiona a* these that Atlanta will pm reaa in material wealth and retain the repn a- tion she baa gained at being the uuiet enterprising city in G«o' gia. Tbe Sewer Committee of tLe > itj of St. Louia’hai. ing conden. ned the at - of be < oncrete pipe, aud adopt- d the terra cotta or vietrified clay pipe, a cou- trover y arose wt iuh necessitated an extensive cor respondence between tbe cuy engineer and a num ber of leading engineers of various cties in different portion* of tbe country. Their rep lea completely s t tie tne questions at Issue, and at they an wer our purpose to a great extent, we shall publish their conespundi noe in full, pro and con. having clipped it from the St. Louis Democra* of date of March as. 1873. LETTERS RECEIVED BY MR. J. B. M0DLTuN > CITY ENGINEER OF ST. LOUIS. South* ns Horan, 1 St. Louis, xugus 26, 1872. j Col J. B. Moulton. Oity Engineer: Six: I am iu receipt of your letter of this date, in wine i you state that there ia now a controversy go- ing on as to the relative value of cement aud glased or stoneware fewer pipe in this city, and asking my opinion as to tbe matter. I reply by saying I have never used the cement pipe for the purpose of sewerage, and hivs no per sonal knowledge as to its va he in that connection. While I had charge ol the sew rags woiks of (Jin ciuuati, none but ihe vitrified pipe was used, nor has any oth, r been need ,n that city so tar as I know. Only vitrifi- 1 pipe is used iu Washington at present and I am not Ocrtaiu th»t cement has ev-r been used there. As to whether there was or was not auy set eutifle teat made o the • emeut pipe in Washington, I cauuot say, until m> returL. But it is not used tber at all 1 regard tne Scutch p pe as the best for the pur pose. and ihe American, when well made, as almost equal to it. I a u of opinion that cement pipe might be made to answer well, but it is ope . to the objec tions of porousu, ss. As s rule it b.is leas strength aud ta liable to great variations in qua it)*, growiug out of tl e difference iu material ami the proportion- used. and finally, fr- m the m-nuer f making As to the a, tn n of the acids aud alk lies upon it 1 should not r* ga r d tuia as a serious objection, since my observation upon the m-rtars us d iu brick sewers Sitifl-s me tiiat theis is little danger from this cause. I should prefer the vanned pipe by all means. on my return to Washington I will reply to the other interrogations you pioponnd Very Respectfully, Ac R. 0. PHILLIPS, Chief Eugineer Li -rd oi Public Works, Washington, standing the difference id cost. I regard cement pipe as worthless unless made of tus best of mate- rials, and even then it is not as good ** the other Yoars truly, X. Henry CB*vra, City Euginser. /. C. Board of Public Wobxs, ) Chicago. August 27, 1872. j J. B. Moulton. E-q , City Engineer. Dear Siu—In jonforu ity with your request oi the 2#th, 1 end you the accompanying cop) of a report I made on the icth ouly to our Board on the subject of cement sewers -nice then I have received a letter from the city engineer of Cleveland Uno, who sucks very decid ediy iu favor of c- cent sewers, alter an experience ot thresyears airh th-ui iu that cl y. I have alsr cun veiled vv tu Mr. Wesson, wuo had charg- of the sewerage depariuieut ol the Crotou Aqueduct Board tor a number or years, a,. 1 be speaks v- ry d- culedly against them. Hetul-i me be dug down to quite a number in Joraey City, aud found every one mure or less disintegrated .n the outside. Yours, Very It- .pecttully, E 8. C'HKSBBOUGH. CHiUAOo.jJaly 16, 1872. UE-TLLiiKN.—The secretary’s letter ’on the 13th info.uii g me that )OU - • esi re a report from me oi the value.” in my op niton, ol o-ment p-pe for sewerage purpus, s," has beeu received I tike it iorgrsnted that the board meant ceineut pipa as compared with bird-burnt or vnrihed clay, as no other kinds are used to .my consideraole extent iu this country, though wood, asphalt andiron are, iu p.,i tiouiar localiti-s, used fur sptclal reasons, I ha.o given per.-oual atteut onto this subject for about twenty j ears, and have both conversed aud cotre->pou<:ea with other engineers relative to it. Cement pipe sewers hive their advocates, aud are us d to a coueioerab.e extent iu Brooklyn. Buffalo, Jersey City aud New Haveu, and other cities. Rome have beeu lai f twenty years, and are in good condi tion yet. Others have failed ia less than three years Similar failures occurred with hard-burnt pipes in Eugiand, where, lor years after their lutruduction, tnere was strong opposition to them, nmil th.-ir manufacture was brought to c -mparatjve perfection. Now the useof these tapes tu that country ia very geueial, especially for house drains. Eitn r kind of pipe requires skill anti faithful ness on the part of those iu cuarge of the laying of the sewers. 1 he erne, however, of judging oi the suita bleness of a burnt pipe fo< a Fewer is much greater than hi ihe case of a cemeut pipe; in fact, it ia very d ffic.nlt. If uot impossible, to be certain with regard t o the cement pipe, while it is not so with regard to hard-burnt clay. Cement pipes have beeu slowly disintegrated ny certs iu gases and acids emptied into them. Some very striking instances of tn:s kind occurred iu San ■ Admitting ins sinitirv importarre and value of | Eraucmco. w here tin tie from privies was discharged _ V iuto tilt* cemoiit piutfi Nothing of tuin kind u«b au acequate system of sewerage, we propos • at ih s t „..occurred, so far as I can learn, with well-burut time to snow ii-at the very “lour special characteris- f ijs s ipmqdln the above, rests with the Terra opinion is that Hard-burnt or vitrified clay fCotta u other. pul rviiniiod gla/.ed clay pipy aud not -i.h the \Yu mb nJ to prov. it by competent w:t Bitch witiU-saes i:i fact -a is asked fur, ' experiui-uts and by thorough practical g-.-ie-era. Bntbef.-* - w proceed to^our proof give i tirscrtptlo- n ttiill of ou"mauuf ctovy shed In the .-Vtla.,!a H -rdd ol August the 2i h, in u.-der that *ac ] we Ufan-iniriiirF. «» ire do not claim ou • rtuor lie will s< cocv.nc i-l prov : what it s that them that we The manuk t ;E3 of ailanta TK.r.r. \ corrx works Ti e v.sited for the iirst t: n-, y, .. rday, o i- I'eira Jotu \Y rss, situa ad iu the We-ieru js-rtmu .ti iuecity, and were surprised to sec tco pernctiuu w ith which this art was being carried on in our midst. HISTORY OF THE ART. Terra Cotta, which liter illy means bakea earlli, couvrvs most expressively aud simply the nature of the mat, rial anil ms -ner in which it Ib fo’tuel- In au imoeriec. at Je, it i* FjHiken of -is bavins* beeu producod by the aucieut bgyptiaus aud tiri eks, iu tn form ot vase-a. water at s au 1 various ornamen tal fig tires. The material use l was, aud is, a pjeu- liar white, or p'tier's clay. Ihe Romans began to hi .Use it soon afterwards, and employed liner mate rials Kro-u tnetweitih to the seveuieeein century, it vva much mod iu It dy f ,r srchitectnr-l decora- tioua. Michael Angelo and o' her reuewned sculp t -ra. enip-Oycl it lor tin ir -. tidels. aud lor v.-nous other purp >« s. Iu Eu a id .t b came a veer im- 1 ■« n bra’tcn of indus’r t the as century, anti its u-e b.vame more gaoeraliv extended, and its f raiuai iiup.-ovcmsm h i- r -icuud .ulus t perfection, is app'icatiou has b om • more geaeia!. and its beneflts ao highly a; preci.lL-*!. iu way of drainage aud fur oriumnut*. by t . >e wno have posse-sed theiaselvea of ity advantag-s that it has taw at t ined .he rank of one of the mod-yin improvt- m. nts anti arts au*i isous. ered indispensable. THE MODUS OPERAND! rf preparing the clay is s mil -r to that used in' making brinks T w cUy is dug out aud ground up till it becomes voi y fine anti epft, -wh-n It goes into the potter's hands to be shaped into the diffetent hgure. intended to be m . .e of it. To make the aewar pn-e, the cl»y is placed i i a ■ hopper" and ia pr»-»ed hat J ibwh on a pun form th.-ough the die aud is Un-a p‘»c d out in tue c.i to dry aud harden, iigures of di£cuU shape a e made entirely by hau l and placed in mn In these, the . work men dtop-ay their skill aud iug-nuity, first in torm- ii .. tin i.bj ct. sud u-tt iu ; rcpaiing the moulds After theh ures an pip - ate stiffici iitly diy they • are placed in a kiln and by a very great heat are coiiver ed ditoa su' -L-tnc- .s hard as stone itseif. Oi co r- its Lar.i . ss ep-ud* m a gr si measure upon the aaoagt r>f h •» used and t ie eugtn of time it is kept under the heat Usual y three daya aud u ghtaar- louj enon* 11 make it so ^ard that It cam oe By . k n pipe should be pref. rr- d for sewer* e purposes to cement p-pe. ivcau- - tue much greater ceitaiuty ot getsii g a goo : article of ihe former tuau of the lat ter; and iu this respect I lave the coucurrauce of several distinguished m *--tbers of my professiou, who have couie to their couctusious on me subject utter y, ars of observation and.experience. Respectfully submitted. (signed) E. 8. Chf.shuough, City Eugineer. Chief Engineer a Officb, i Bbooklyn, August 29. 1872,, f My Dhab Sib; Your note of me 2tfto fust, in re lation to cement pipe, Is received. I have so much correspondence iu auswer to inquiries as to cemeut pipe that I had the enclosed copi-d by the dozen to save the trouble of writing special answer aud usual It confine myself to sending ou*, but in your esse will break through mi custom, for, ifl mistake not, we are “.old fellows togslher " In the firat place, the only stoneware pipe which is approved bare -s the "scotch" pip* it is truer in shape—a most important feature—more uniformly burnt, leas brittle and with a better glaze. All thasn merits with the additional cost of transportation aud consequent loss ny breakage, make* them more ex pensive than American pipe, aud it ia with this ex pense that we compare the o-meu- pipe. The latter, when well made, as Kuight's pipe is, au-1 well sea soned, say eight or n.nv mouths, is. so far as we ca > judge, equally good with the “flu tch" pipe. You kuow we are oegiuuiux to import Portland cement, as some two or three times the streLgih of our best Cements. A sm-tii addition of this adds great strength to the coineDt pipe. T ie ocouomy in first cost ot the beat cement pipe is still so much cheaper than the “ Scotch" as to render it popular with tue tax payers. eTitu if an occasional fai,ure was tbe re- sjit. Tbe possible difference iu your i lay, end the additional cost aud inferiority of your cements, may render your stoneware pipes even butter than your cemeut pipe. I am free to conle.-s that in my opin ion, the value o. the pipe ia very largely due to the careful aud lsitntul Laetnod of making sun season ing pursued by Knight iu his mauuiacture, aud I wou.dbe vary cautious about using much pipe mrr- ly because it was made ot cemeut. Truly yours, J W. Adain. J. B. Uunltuu. City Eugiueer, St. L uis. (Statement iuc.osed in foregoing.) Brooklyn, N. Y St a: Iu reply to your note of thi-* date, X would beg leave to aay that we nave laid the cemeut pipe oi Knight to a large extent iu this city, as the iol- lowing statement will show: Year Feet To 1862 '28,987 24,235 15 15 1865!JIVV**.’.’. 4=1.840 34,99 1*67 18.083 1868 78,457 JS6 73 855 2870 «... 108,513 vnd ihe last yetr some eight miles ui tier cou-ract. I would remark that the method of manufacturing the pipe uas much to do with the durability. Any pipe of cuuieiu an l gravel will not auswer, 1> it it itu good ceiuen and cl*au gravel, Well ramum-d, we nave fcuud the pipe to auswer every purpose of a drain pip -, aud no c ise. to my kuowiedg--. has truus pi’-cd -here it uus given out iro-u the action of xuy acids iu the sewerage. Tue •• Scotch pipe” is equal to it iu durability, out costs from 25 to 49 per c- ut. more, and tue uitfeceuoe lucost renders the cemeut pipe tbo cheaper, veil with the delects whic.-i have appeared iu som - eases, attributable to the want of seasoning m the pipe after it was made, aud before ayrng. This is important to look to. It is better thau the American stoneware p.peaud, when made with tut precautions I have named is sutficientiy re liable, Respectfully, J. W. Adain, Ciiy Eugiueer. think to be quits superior to any oeaaea pipe wuich I have seen tested, in evenness of texture firmness, durability, and Its qualities to resist the* tition of setter acids. Yours respectfully, , ^ ' H- 0. Thatcher, «ty fin Minneapolis, Minn., September 3, J. V. Moulton, Esq.: Dear Sir—The experiments I have; mat oement sewsr pipe are th*t I filled M pipe w aud water, and find that vait vets owkhem so thUlr lc *r°uld eat a hole thr ugh InHia-very time. Acida will have a great r effect ou them. Vnd I kuow of no meaus of ascertaining which are good aud which are Door. In our city hers, for the above reasons, 1. reccommended the use of vitrified stoneware pipe, which was adopted by tka City Council. I woal I be pleased to reoeive a copy of /our lawa relativ* to the paving for sewers paving, etc. Respactfnlly yours, H. H. Carson. City Engine, r. Mlmfhis, Tenn.. September 3. 1872. J. B. Moulton, City Eugiueer : Dear Sib—We h„ve no sewerage here worth men tioning. What we have is ot the vitrified “stone w.re." with tl e exception of cement pipes laid from a hotel to the river. I have uot uad au eppertumty of ex*miumg the latter, but am inclined to prefer the vitrified pipe. Respectfully. J. H. Humphreys, City Engineer. we al all find that th* experiment baa been tried on „ too large e scale. I have sent you one of our “Year 1 h%H —*o um ca 222s”KttSMS*■*-Sfir. .nkfvllv rMYtivn l r (D„. JReapecttully, , City Eugiacer f L *R, City Engineer. . September 6, 1872. d my evidence tin re- 29th. N tchnz has ln * i ’ *» long as gov- " ’ sew- Natchez, M; City Engi: am unable Ivor of Aui , nor wilt ori-ed by negro -entlemen, been blessed with ere beyond brick culverts. The Natohez. Columbus aud Jackaon.iailroad, now IncouatructioD, Colouel 8. M. PrestoV, Eug’neer are using vitrified pip-ng for culverts in preference to e meut pipes. What their objections are I am not aware of. Sorry that I am not able to oblige, you. 1 remain. Crab. C. N’auce, City Enginasr. i . ,' or a »« *8*‘n. "S'A2S,*a'£'■ At Wash streel aud Tweme n * and Twenty-seconti ; on ElsTomn 1 %t Market, or nock stae,.- ?.? *tr . uarxet. UR nuct steti: west of n r "‘ ! > A 8 ° n!b ^ I We with -*ucn I acts beiore tne. in at that, been found Urovf Patterson, N. J., September 6, 1872. Little 1 oce. Auk., September 2, 1872. J. B Mou'ton, Esq., City Engineer : i-ear Sib—Your letter, dated August 29th, asking my opinion in regard to cement sewer pipe, and those of etoueware, has come duiy to hand. I uave. therefore, the honor to state that, iu my opiuiou. etouewsro pipes are rar preferable to those oi cement. „ Your reas >n for btudoning the latter is, an far as ,uy exjierieoc > goes, perfectly correct, viz : tpe want of uniform texture, t ie influence of acids, an l easier breakage. We have us.-d in our city ext-nsiv-ly the stoneware pi, es, and have found the same, when hard-burned, well vitf'fie 1 au-l g.azed, to answer all reasonable demands. Roepecttuily yours, UrEOBGE Wehe, City Eugineer. Lawresoe, Kan.. Septembers, ls72. J. B Moullou : Sib—Iu rep y to your iuq iirios iu regard to rela tive value ot cement aui siouewnrt pipes, I cau only say that 1 have med at 'iiewaro pip :n with en i tire satisfaction, opecimens of c juie.it pipe have Oe-ju left at tin* aud other cities. they are too de li- cate for use and all to pieces with the slightest blow We have local manufactories, which make vor.- fair s-oucwA.e and earthouware pipes, at rea sonable prices. I cau see uo go iti rea*oti tor aban doning idem for . mere experime ,t. Respectfully yours, Holland Wheeler, City Eugiueer. Buffalo, August 39. Ir72, J. B. Moutteu: Sib—Ou receipt of jour letter ot August 26th, 1 r derrea ir to Mr. hathburu, whose answer I enc use ahti fu.ly endorse. Ail tin- pipe laid hero h,s been done under my personal -upervisiou. 1 have never heard of auy failure in any eewer where it has beeu used. Th-- value of the pip- 1 depends entirely on the quality ot the cemeut aud the sand, and tbe mate rials used here are periectly satisfactory. air K. tuiuks that yours is made from Louisville cement, an article that re aouid not use. ihe Rjeennaie ce-ueut is brought from near New Yura City, although a goou quality oi cemeut is m-t-'e within tweutv miles of Mr. R B works. Yours Respect! ully, John M. Birr a, Eugineer. (Letter inclosed iu foregoing.) Bufflo, N. Y., Aa ust 29, 1872. Jno. A. Ditta, City Engineer: Dear Sir: Ic looking over the St. Louis letter ag-iu, 1 observe th t )lr. Moullou wants your opin ion, and if you a*ud'biin the opinion of suiue one else h« may think you dodge the question. I should say tu him that cement pipes have been iu use, both for public aud privet - severe, lor many years, aud tUat no ianares aie reported, that large quantities are being continually used, and farther, that the parties engaged in their manufacture in this city use only the very best of Rosendale cemeut and clean, sharp lake gravel, aud manufacture a pipe that has beeu universally adopted, Ac., &c. 1 think if you give huu something like the above, with porhaps something else you may think of, that it is all that will be necessary. Truly yours, 4c. C. H. Rathbun. [From the card enclosed with this letter, it ap pears that Mr. Rathburn is a cemeut manufacturer j Office of City Engineers, Pittsburg, Seyteiuuer 2, 1872. Office i f the Commissioners of Sewers, 1 Cincinnati, August 23.1*72. ) J. B M "iliou, Es i , City Engineer: ear Sin Y 'Ur.-* ol the ibtb, making inquiries in regard to tue use iu this city of emeut pipe for pub ic sewers is jnst received. our Gouiinn-eioii.-rs of newer* ae well a* myself, are not in lav- r of using cement pipe l'jr sewerage purp'-ses, c -lfilling ourselves entirely to the use of gi z-d stoaewar-i or vitrifi-d pipe. We do not think the cement pipe for durability -nd it- capacity to e.-ist the aj io: s oi acids aui other deleterious BstiMtauces winch ale commuted to public sewers, has been eulfiuieut'y tested b> time. And we have lii.-ih si.tho. i y lor believing th it pipe made *>i burnt cis*, glazed and vitrified, will last for centu ries. In matters of this kina, w, do uot care to ex- pertinent. Very truly, yuurs, A. W. Gilbert. Louisville, Ky., August 29, 1872. J. B. Mouiton, City Engineer, St Louis: Dear Sib—I am in receipt of yours of the 26th inet., asking my opinion of cement pipe for sewerage purposes. I have to rep*y that the cement drain pipe, as made here is good; they are carefully made, an 1 are more uniform aud in better shape than the stoneware, and averagt about 15 per cent, cheapet, We ar* using them in almost all cases, until recently the stoneware was preferred, lut as a great many of them wete shattered bv burning, aud the supply be coming short, a trial was made of cement, which gave periect satisfaction. I a in of opinion ttat the c, merit drain will answer every purpose. Would r* qust your writing- to the Engineer of Brooklyn, wuo, I understand, ia using large quantities, ai.d we am using tue same •* pateut proves." that he is. Will cheerfully give further information if desired. Very respectfully. Thob. P. Shanks, City Eugineer. Philadelphia, August 29 1872. I. B. Moulton, Esq., City Engineer: TUE ATLANTA WORKS. Tn* ki n whi n w.- v;sit*-u, which is called a ••Scotch ki n." where the rornace or the place for the fire I* at one end, *n t the b <ze and heat rife over a watt lna.dr ot the c.n m the toys and tarn de scend turough »Ue bony, where images etc, are p,ac«-d. down hrough tue bottom 11 a flue sud chimney. When th fi ; mva. etc . are left is It for the n iig.u ot time *p wen u draw* out to the aur- ' •. °* c-'-f fr 'Htitf i*y. which makea it real ly uaider vhau iron. Sewer -p. a burnt in this way n-a.e nodoubteo.y tue Lee* pipe far drainane there is, au t are Ia t Suiers* im, au oth»rkinds in large c tie. sud else worn-, an l sre a great deal cheaper fil. 11 1)IIIm all Kwl a i i -1 a K . a. - _ ■ a a * ^ Still more kuImiauuaI ili nc-m m bine or aa er we k*.. . of Tt ey wil. last *ndi*ni • ?_- as h a air* »-i» beeu ,r.iw r, **•„ e eeu r->m- ■ r* .ra ihen uistory. While i^au ,-yo t_ sewe’-s in liiffe'ent t*u so ruacb dofij- our __ pVJfUC^** IQe city, M bo h ocirm in- , p-r-eci. tney a.iu* r wueiher it wih uot be Would do i 1 *C ti*uev Ui ti-a* the m •r.t* of the terra cotta s‘one- Dkvb Sir—The branch sewers of this city are gen eraliy built of brick, and vitrfiied clay pipes are used for attachmeuls and house draining*, and occasion ally for short distances iu the streets. Cement pipee are manufactured here on a limited scale, but so far as my observation goes, have not given aali faction. So mnch care is required in ob taining go d material, aud having t e.n properly mad* , that tbe quality cannot be depended on. Al though Bocrewnat cheaper than the vitrified pipe, there is so much on certainty ia them that I should not be wilting to risk their general introduc tion. Oases have been reported to me of cemeut pipes where tney i.l hive had to.be takeu jp, on accouut of their deterioration. Brick sre cheaper here, and of such excellent qnsiity, that they hav * the prefer ence lor large use drain. Yoars truly. 8Ah'l L. Smedlky. Chief Engineer. Boston, August 29, 1872. J. B. Moulton: Dear Sir: Your note of the 26th inst. was re ceived tiii ■ mi rniug. and, in answer to yonr mq ti nes relative to cement pipe for drainage purposes 1 beg leave to say that the duly of prescribing or eves recommending tbe style or material for drain pipes in ihie ci*v* does no* dev-Jlv— uu^n a*, bnt npc-i iz, officer styled tho •* supenutenaeu; ->i iswere, ' who is a professional evil engineer, and has made draiu- age eng u —r. „ a epee alty. I hive frequ nl inter- * >u. .-e «, h him, and our views ueDeral.y coincide with lustier* relative to hi* department. He inf anus me that he ha* laid several thousand feet of it, aud In* ’nd no rouoie* roan ew-r acids > tt: hat.: re- -*ceuuj » -»u yt ersuie. OLFitL.iisxf.t e:*er- -aid .l Dear Sir—Your favor of the 26th lust received aud contents noted. There has been a prejudice existing here relative to cemeut pipes, caused, partly, by disinclination to use anything that hod not been thoroughly tested. That prejudiO" wis btrengthed by tue poor qua ity of pipe offered by the party who began to ma iufa -.ture here. The ignorance of workmen a* to the proper treatment of cemeut, tGaether with th- poor quality of cinient used, and the d--sir>- to produce as cheap as possible, allied to couhrm the . listing anti, stuy toward it, but that has given, or rather is giving\wny, at present to a mom favorable impress Ou; but our VJ-'Uncils have not yet authorise, the use ot it for beweis Wear t putting m two short pieces of it to oraiu surlace water across two streeis. M> own opinion is h»t pip.-made out of a good quality ol Portland cement, “ ELglish” or “ German,’’ uot too much reduced by a disproportion ot sand, will stan the test required 1 In tuis opinion 1 am confirmed by me success with wh'ch it h s beeu used iu 1 on- don, aud a oi agio test that it has been made here, where cemeut has uo uei u i ju iously affected cy '.he action of uriue; but the liability to get poor ce blent, ev u of the best brauds, aud the difficulty to get carviul workmen to 2 ,r "perly inauuaclurs the materials;and the difficulty to disc. ru any fliw. tuat may be iu the pip - hare leeu deemed suffi cient reasons uot to ai ow us introduction here :u any great extent. Tho manufacturer here is one oi the most. xtensive contractors, and he is endeavor ing ha, d to introduce his pipe wherever he cau do so, guanteeiug it for a length ol lime. He has now come to the use of the “ Portlai d cement" iu mak ing sewer pipe- We have a company here makiug " artificial stone’’ with the same quality of cem;nt- and I have paid close attention to their work exam, ming the cement closely, and the conclusion to which I have come is that too much are cannot be exercised in the choice and manipulation of the ma terial, and if care is not exercised the most vuss'h- fsetory results will be produced, but as l have said there hai not betn time enough given here to tell from any extended experiments whether pipe prop erly ma le will withstand the action of the a ids to which they are exposed in sewers, aud th-<refore a positive opinion b.eed cn act. al experiment aud observation cannot be given. I think that pipe properly male of the cement I have mentioned may itand, but I w -nld not like t<> risk it in any exten live work, bnt I do uo; th.nk it will stand if mads of auy other than that quality of cement Regretting that I cannot give you any more defi nite information - elative thereto, aud i-opiug that it any instances throwing light ou the subject lalt under yonr observation, you will communicate to Y'ours respectfully, A. DemfsTEB. J. B. Moulton, City Engineer Baltimore, September 2,18)2. . B. Moulton, Esq., City Engineer : Dear Sib—Your commnni, ati u of the 29th is at hand, and I must aa. in repty that we h ive used the cement pipe mauuf act red in this city in two instances only. (fur sewers, for city purposes, are large—from four to seven feet in diame’er—'or whi h we use hard-burnt brick in their construction. Ou • eroerience with the cement pip- has been auch as to compel us to report unfavorably upon ita future us-. T*u yetrs ago we laid aoont 100 fee* ol t ,e pipe, six inch diameter, f r the purpose of drawing m rpring ; about six months ago we were oh ig-d to open it for repairs, it having failed to dr id, when we four Jit had softened or yielded t) the action of the water to euch an extent as to render two sec tions useless. In regard to the •• none ware ” or glaze-l pi e, I can aay nothing officially, not h -ving used it for city purposes. It ia. however, quite extensively used for private sewers, and seems to an-w~* -ery well. You will exens haste ffiuuld you wish fui tber information ot- ->i c su-ject, I will be pleaaed to furnish 'l jeiat all • hav- Very respectfully, Jno. H. Tegmrge, city Engineer. Hartford, Conn.. September 3, 1872. J. B. Mouiton, Esq., City E i-fiueer : Dear Sin—Yours of tne 29th came to hm** yes- terda., aud. m reply, I would say that very reoe itiy J. B. Moulton. City Eugineer : H > ^ 0 Dear Sis—Yours of August 29th. iu reference to tbe use of cemeut eewer p-pe, le at hand. I regret that J am unable to . ive you any information that wti i be of service. We have no experience as tjc>tnent sews*-pipe ic ".hi* city, never having used auy nut »be Scotch vitrified ware, and no other can be used auless the ordinances of the city changed. is with you, * pressure is made ou our Board of Aid -rmeu by the manufacturers of cement pipe here to have their pipe substituted, but thua far without success. 1 aw prejudice d against their use except for clear water ; have examined the process of making cement pipe, aud (io uot be.ieve tha 1 suf ficient care ie taken vo hare them of uniform tex tore, and that if sufficient water be used to make the mass hum geneous, tne time taken to have the pine prope.ly made, and me cement welt aei, would make the cost of cement pipe as great as vitrified were Toe question is now beingagitat -d here, and if in your inquiries in other quarters you arrive at a conclusion, whetner favorable to their use or oth erwise. I will bo under many obligations to you if you will mail tbe information to me (if printed j. 1 intend to make some investigation in this direc tion. as soon as I cau spare the time ; until then I do uot believe auy change iu the character of pipe will be made for our Boa-d of Aldermen. Yours truiy, A. H. Fonda, City Engineer. uo results eo lujanou *“w V* » P 0in I.Should open auexmu^*^^*‘‘•iV- Ifeld S hoera ot other cities tor the purp - [ be t information on thietn,' *- 1 did. and w.U m.'fewT.7*X:ri* ,b ^ r. 6 ’ ^ formation, wt.oh, if you dSlr* £,* •*'■» OU; for tbe public to jmtg from We g»ng up bell kiuoa Ol pipe, to oom . ^ ' IK”® not -eo how that can be legally do .e ?,KeW take, from two to three veaia for in* !L'' " ” eW over the aewera so a* io be solid,' sad 7" PeferT >Pc*rty. an.l t,i *v* H ! sirtM 1 *”* 10 i ' nv “ e P ro P < ’ r ‘y. »u.i’to n,/*" si-lea. I cauuot use ihe c tv . ►- Lynn, September 7, 1872. J. B. Moulton. City Eugineer : Dear Sir— I received your letter a few days ago. ind havo de.ayed ausweriug it. thinking I might get some information from Salem, but have beeu disappointed. We have never used tbe coa/eut pipe, though often urged to do so; therefore, 1 cannot speak irum experience, nut havo ueeu told of instances wber. sewerage had taken tue life out of the pipe, so that it crumbled to pieces. Th Goumntiee ou i>rainag> have exao ined th<- subject at different tiui' 1 *, and have always used brick or stoneware for sewers. A tew pi ivate parties have used the pipe, aud I have uoticed that there was a difference in tile pieces. Some weie bird, and others would crumble in the band. I have been toM that in Salem and our Boar-l of Streei C imuiissiotiers decided an my Boston they have been obliged to take up some ce- recounu uuatiou not to liy down any more ctmeut tile. I was le to give tuis ad vice from a geuersl idea of their worth ensntsa, w Inch has beeu proved in such cases w-ieu we havo takeu up such sewers, some of quite receut construction. Wo found length alter length entirely crumbled, aud othi rs that wo succeeded in tilting out of the trench would ore a with a very .tight b.ow. I think your reasons all hold good, and are sufficient tocoiuleinn their use We also object to tho glazed tile, from difficulty of entering them as si le buwois, as we have uot yet adopted the pi i. of laying side counectious when wo lay Ihu main sewer. Wo sha.l, ill accordance with i he above decision, lay nothiug hut brio sew ers, the smaller ones of oval form, the large circu lar. Ir ou ■ experiene* is w >rth anything to you, I am glad tJ be able to give it io you. Yours, very respect lull . C. H. Bukok, City Snreeyor. Jersey (ity, September 3, 1872. J. B. Moulton, Esq.: Dear Sir—In transmitt agto you ray opinion in regard to th.- merits of the concrete drain and sewer pip- s. I would say tbst ray experience led me to the cone usion that vitrified aud i.laz-d pipes are super.ur in every uarticuUr, aud I have ordinarily endeavor* d to use as little cement pipe r s poisible. There can b- uo ■ eal question of a Inch is the best. I h ive given this su-'j-ct the «o-t thorough at tend m, aud I am cnnlide.it i am right and time will prov • it Cement pip“ uev-r will ausw-r a safe purpose uivilit cau ne manufacture i so as uot to eec-ime disintegrated after oeiug laid iu the treuch nd coveror . I have kuown a sewer to cav * in built of it, and make a most disagreenle state of affairs, from tho fact of not knowing to what exte.t the break exteuded. v ery respectlully, Jno. ?. Culcdo, City Engineer. Richmond, Va*. September 3, 1872. Mr. J. B. Moulton : Dear nib—Within tho last year I hive passed through an experience in sewer piping with a con clusion fully iu accord with your own My mind is settled on th*superiority of stoneware pipes, and the uuc-rtainties attending those of cement. I will u t hereafter use i ho cemeut pipes in our city eew- erage. Very respectiu ly, Charles H. Dimmock, City Eugineer. Augusta, Me., September 3, 1872. J. B. Moulton, City Engineer : Dear Sir—Your favor of the 29th iu at baud, and in reply would sav my opinion iu regard to cemeut p.pes is tne same as yonr own. Have found the same difficulty in regard to the tex ure of the pipes not Dei ,g equal. Any one cau see at a glance that the cement pipes will absorb the acids of. the sewer which will certainly ctiestrov them. Were the sew ers under my eharge I should ceitainly use the vetrified pipes for their conducting power alone, the pohsh-d surface presenting little or no resistance to tne water or foreign matter. I do uot know what patterns you may have, but the sleeve-jotiut of our utoue pipes is much better thau that of tue cemeut pip s. I am interested to kuow what the result will be. Should you have the leisure or inclination to respond, please a :dres* Nat Abbott. City Engineer. Baltimore, September 4, 1872. J. B. Moulton, Esq., City Eugiueer: In reply to your letter of the ‘29th ult- directed to the “Eugiueer of the City of Wheeling,” aud r- q testing information as io our expei ie .ce with c-ment and stuuewar pipes, I have to say tbit 1 be levu tbe for er U-ivu uot bneu ac all used iu Wne-diug for s.-Wers, unless it may have been by priV'te parties, of wh.ch I have no knowledge. My opinion would be dycidedtv iu favor of tbe glazed pipe, wilhiu range of capacity suited tu the strength. Shoud you publish the result of your inquiries u this subject, I beg you will favor m.- wi b a c py. Keapcctlul.y, W. C. Smith, City Surveyor, Wheeling. Va. Newvrk, New JkR-ti , * September 4, la72. ( J. B. Moulton, City Engineer : Dear-ir—Yourcommuuica ion of the 29tii ult. is received, la this city Wo use lor the smaller local sewers glazod stoneware pipe. No cement pipe whatever is used. 1 have used cement pipe in railroad drainage, and found tuat it oreaks easily. My opiuiou is that the toneware pipe is decidedly preferable to the cement pipe toe Sc wer purposes. Tne want of time is my excuse tor the brtvity of thi* rep y. Yours truly, Gustav Schlbach, City Surveyor. City Engineer’s Office, 1 - J Spsingfield, III., September 5, 1872. J. B. Moul.on City Engineer : Dear Sir—V -or* -u til- 29th ult «r s received, ad 1 owe you au apology for uot answering sooner. In auawto your reque t f >r my opinion On Ihe subject ot Uiiug vitrifi :! glazod stoneware pipe, as coiuptred to ceiuen: p.pe, for sjwers, I will say that, for myself, 1 should rnuoti prefer the stone ware p*pe, as y our assertion that tho csrn-ut pipe is seldom of a nnif * = m texture, aid is very easily broiti-n, is true, and I don’t consider it as safe aud dur-.blea.s Le stone pipe Ir you have laid much < i thecemc nt p'pe, I think your experience Uas t&ug t you tha., when the cemeut pipe ts saturated with water, it b-comes very > rude and rtiffljuit t* lay with sue. ess ; aud uuiess 1 wa- laying sewera of very largecalibre, where I could lay it in the ground like con . rate, I should much prefer the Btoue- ware, as I am -atished it will be as enduring as time. W.U you tak- tbe trouble to give me your fo mofordeance lor establishing tue grades of your city, u-id such ideas a-t you may be wi.ling to suggest? Very respectfuby, W. D. Clark. New Haven, Conn., Septembsi 6, 1872. J. B. Moulton, Esq., Jity Engineer : Toledo, September 2, 1872. J B. Moulton, City Engineer : Dear Sir :—H>ie the use of cement pipe was discontinued after a snort trial, and the vitrified ■ibfiU d pipe exc'ueively u-wd in he constr’c- uuk Vi JU ulu* . -w>r-. .‘Uas.'Uuu*. wha.u * Dearsib—Yonr favor of the 29th in>t, wa* duly receive*.. Aa an answer to your qar* im ; .acerning ce ment p: s f..r sewers -u.. a wal state that the city of N--a* aven li s ..eeu nothin*, -juc cerneu- pipes for the piiie sewers that have *>■ eu constructed h re ,»d Urge quantities are stilt be.ug used. Thus far we have had no trouble with ifiem, ana Rati sofai as I liave examined them where th*' have b-en down a number of years, to all appearances they are better than when first laid. E. 8. Chesbrough, Esq , Guy Engineer of Chicago, who is ihe auth >r of >ur ‘Sewerage fry item,” does not approve of their use here, and we coast -er him the oesi ot authont. Probably ihe pipe made here are as gooa as auy u* *a*. -ofu r ul apoear to Btand wen wherever ui d : «ti.l, for an *bat, * no* approve oi taeir usj I oenve ta re are jtuer diain pipe made whicb can be relied ou. without any doubt, an i to see sue * quautit-.ea of cement pipe ns*d here in the cor.* eii *n of our sewer*, cause's ltic * Ihe U—- i Si'c-A*,. —8 -a- cCU-c Kh-L m ut pipe w ich has beeu laid only a few years. Yours respectfully, Isaac K. Harris, City Engineer. Providence, September 6, 1872. J. B. Moulton. City Engiuetr: dear Sir- The sewi-ng,-departraeut of this city have use l no cement vipes for the same reasons tuat you name, althoiiith they are made in this city and used aud used lor that purpose by private par ties. The very best Imported pipe are used for sewers. I can s*e no reason wby the cement pipes shout . not be used to a limited extent, where the circii-nstaucos are favorable, and where not subject to the ac'ioH of acids. Th re seems to be Home dif ference of opinion among practised men about them. Out in deffereuce ti- Mr. SUedd’s opinion, (the Chief Engineer of the Water Works), there are noue now used by the city. Yours truly. Chables E. Payne, City Engineer. sines. I cauuotuse the c-.iy mcnev o - rftrY i pose, uor .sit necessary. I have '° r ’• ' * f that both k'hdsci Din,.* mav k. ‘ , , ot pipe* may be, sue n ’ Llliit badly-made, aud both may-1^.1 f ro “ 1 “° both have failed iu this city ; butfirst J say lhg that ihe best r- tubs have been i : *> e stoneware pn-ca, such M ars jio*7'^^ Louib by severak daal -ia. tLil = * >• hanVir*-* *** “ , ^ Je Very »PP*re»t U t« . bend, it you wti. punhsh the letti-ra i a„* w aud which Will be handed to you r" U i, ? I regret to be thu* called into public n- troversy ot this sort can eud iu uj g00d p, „ f3itv. culated to produce angry feeling*, win ! !*' L r’ very glad to paa. by. What I nivt aaill u ’ Ullio by the pubi.catiou ou ibis suoject auj one I place i before Respectfully aasume auy blame that may atuoa to u* I Committee, for 1 believe they acted u“ * L^_ deuce 1 place t before hem- ^ IXk&tt < J ' u ~g>to be to g repo W We havo pub lished the forgoing more part on accouut of the source from which Tue matter of sewerage iu St. Louis was 7 agitated, hot so much because the ecu* had be.m condemned, as it was for the r * the cemeut generally used for making iu» obtaiuou in the vicinity of that city, au i company whi t left uo yams uuspar i t the sale of this cemeut throughout tue .o u is from this company that ihe cement u„, : city for the maun tact ure oi pipes oow - tion to the aoove, we shad give some tea which,we have received, and lirst a letter City of Savannah; “■"■of «1 they this oom OH* 11 the a Ooiij ings near for perh that 'was Omaha, Neb., September 8, 1872 J. B. Moulton, City Eugiueer: Dear Sir—Yours of the-.9th ult. ia received. In reply I will Slate that thiB city hag mad but very little use of cement p'pe of a-iy kind; bu the Omaha aud No: thwesteru Railroad Compauy have had iu the neighborhood of l,5o0 feet piaced upon tneir road some six momhs ago. ali of which proved a failur , owiug to their want of sufficient strength to support the requisite pressure. Fn-m my observations of the pipe, I should not recommend it for *uwer»ge purpeses. 1. Because tney a: e more or less > ubject to disintregration from acida. 2. Their peculiar construction requires a better clas*of skilled labor in the setting than is usually -ecured. 3. Their efficiency depends so much upon the peculiar selection of material entering their com- p isitiou, that few manufacturers manage to secure a proper cemeut, and proportion of clean gravel or sand requisite in pipe- for sewer purposes. Mr. R. 0. Phillips, formerly City Engineer of Cin cinnati, aud now Chiet Engineer of Public Works in the District of Columbia, while here lately, ex pressed himself to mo as iu favor of gliz*d clay pipe iu preference to those of cement. With regrets tbit I have beeu unable to reply earlier to your let ter of inquiry,I reman.. Yours respectfully. , Andrew Rosewater, City Engineer. Keene. N. H., September 12, 1872. J. B. Monlton, Esq., City Engineer: Dear Sir—Yours of the 29th u timo was duly re ceived in my absence. We have as yet out 1’ttle ex perience in sewerage in this place. I have made some inquiries as to the best material, aud the gen eral opinion is that the hard-burned, well vitrified stoneware pipes would be preteiable for sewerage to cemeut. Yours, very t uly. Geo. W. Studevant, Ci’y Engineer. City Engineer’s Office. St. Louis, Mo., April 14, is72. Gentlemen—I have used g'- z“-d stoneware pipes for drain- on several railroads under my charge as Constructing Eugtn er, aud they have beeu used for branch sewurs exteusively. Iu all cases I ht.ve louud them to be a good ar ticle, and cheaper iu hrst construction thau wheu ma le of hard burned bricks If tbey are very bard burned, aud well gt zed with salt glazing, they will not wear dowu as last as hard bur- ed bricks, aud will never decay when thus made. Y'ours respectfully, J. B. Moulton, City Engineer. Sedalia, Mo., April 4, 1872. Office Citt suuvti Savannah. (Tl, Ayn.: . Messrs P. Pellegrini & Co. : Gentlemen—Your saver dated 4th reeriv- day. iu reply, I cau ouly say that thare is gc versity of opiui.-u .u relation to t'le iu -r ts the cement pipe. Quite a number of our m , nave no coufi.tencu in it. individually, i see uo reason why, if properly made, r. D1 uot auswer the purpose. Upt) tbe we have had u > occisiou to fill*, lault wu; has been laid too short a lime for us to if by persoual observation the effect of acids The terra corn pipe have always giveu sa:. The cost of trausportatiou makes tlae-u s >u»c than cement. Very respectfully, John B. Hugo, C,ty fr'ur JCl, k-tiri witli On b’riday night laat the Street Commute Oity Coaucil undo the following report nes thoe Uni g«(] «<Jg, Council. The subject matter hiving been r “Hen to thi-m with power to act upon tie p-: 4B Messrs. Elsa-, May *k )o„ which stat-il drainage ou Mitchell street was obatruci-J periect, so as to cause the water passing do- tree: to overflow the basement oi thiir* . hear what the Street Committtee have to ss >1 P«ri that, otlu REPORT. Fra; We have eiamined th i pieiiUon of Masar* -JT May A Co ,An reference to the water on iL i ll street overflowing their has *ment. aud have caf, the sewer to be dug up, aua found tiiat rba IDtn cret-j sewer pipe" placed there ab mt a year have been completely crushed aud b.oksu, an sewer entirely stopped up, the pipe null Ij; being brokeu bith from the top and *>ot c. der the authority given us by this Comic-.:,'d to act." we took the concrete cemeut pipe u, - bad pia-ccd down in the sewer the i.-rra ' itt,P which we now thiua wih remove the oau»eo(. plaint. 4Ul ami This ’report ia signed by each membt* o( Street Committee, aud was agreed to witaoal sent by the entire City Council. GEORGIA WESTERN BAlLBOAP. One of the diroo ors of the Georgia Western road, having called our attention to diefict the concrete pipe put down for drainage ba road some few in iiitia ago have filled (ora reason to perforin its function*, we mils a the place com p.tm: d oi to ascertain tue ra ti e failure, aa well aa to get au oppcrti nit) t- our pipe tested by the officers of tue roat. "• covered along the entiic line wherever pipe had been placed that it was broken, — aewert stooped up. ana wa c uld discovot - aon lor this except the inferiority ol tne i sewer purposes iu viawo; uii- -act, wa th.- lered terms to the Georgia West ru KailiuJ have our pipe tried, with ’.tie express un l -i*.i- that w« wfiuld lay it down al uurovu co«c,- pnulforoiie year after dt-a, :u tfiacvsui tin: t Dear Sir—Yours, March aOth, at baud, making i swmou the purpo-e tut5.,Ue*a; il no:, *s inquiries ai to my experience with stoneware pipe, etc. My urst use of these was ou the Central Branch Ouiou Pau.flc Kadr oJ, running west from -ti.m- sju, Kansas, duroig the year 18i>4, at points where no reck could be i-btaiued for cuiv.-rts. auti »vhel-e the drainage was sm ill. Tney .ave excellent nii s faction, nut. mnug the next y--»r. eemeut p-.cs were Or mgfit to my tiotic *, aud as I could ce- » larger caiioer of cement pip-*, wuti gas pipej-.in in»n of stoneware, I concluded to give t'em . n-.a . but soon found that they would nut staud tin: irost; -ende*. a-ter tbe water uad cut thr- ugh ihe gt.z ng ot tue pipes, they guou cruniided nu'd too wed vo wiiustaud t-o pressure of the bank aud me crushed. The stoneware pipes, w .re g-u-'ally .fi gomi condition in the fall of -869, wheu 1 .eft the c. B. Road. We have UBed somoni *hu st mew.vre pipes ou this read, where drainage was small, but geut-r- aliy our drainage is sc gr-at, aud lock si conveni ent, that we use box culvert- instead. Y'ours truly, O. B. Gunn, Chief Engineer, Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railroad. Memphis, 1'enn., March 18, 1872. Gkntlemen—My experience wi k thi stoneware pipe for ii e as culverts and drains for railroads, extends bacf to 1859 and 1-56), iu which years I used some t ve ve or fourteen h ludroti feet of twenty- iu-u pipe io the oonstractiou of culverts in bunding tie vlississiopi and Tennessee Railroad. Daring the pas', two y ‘ars I have used one or two th >h*and lest of your eiguteen aud twenty four inch pipe iu building culverts on tha Memphis and Charleston Ratiroa 1, some of them unde- iweuty aud thirty feet embaukuieuta. I have no hesitancy iu saying that, wnen these pipes were properly laid down, aud b: ends well secured an 1 protected With wing walls aud aprons, they make by tar th* cheapest and aios' effectual draiu for small Water ways lor rail road use that can be found. As to the durauility of the waienaL there can be no question whenever thoroughly ourueti and vnrified. Very respectfully. NILES MEKJ.WETHER. Chief Engineer, Memphis anu Charleston Railroad. CEMENT PfPE> FOR BRANCH SEWERi. St. Louis, March 26. 187 To the Editor of the Democrat: III to youaiWi * c*iiorial comment on my note b.allied in your paper of the 2t>th, I wii rep>y tuat it ha** not i e~n my wiah or desire or anything to be publianed mat migut reflect in any way up >n the man trial pursuits ot any one ; but you aay that “tne ceineni pipe aiaaers challenge thn inatmoiinr ox/ ihu niima in «xaa— * 1 nil* Ir id II* it the inspection af th-pipes iu use," etc. It is uot, ther t re, out of place, iu vindication of the course taken by the Sewer Committee in ordering no more cement pipes to be used in branch sewers, to men tion tuat iu 1867 - here was laid dowu about 40 j feet of 13-inch cemeut pipe between Fourteen tn and F.lie-utu streets, anti between .-pnug and Wright vreeis. which was taken npabautone year after it waspu. down, and found in pieces so crushed as to caoke the waiei w*v. which was the cause ot its removal. The pipe-ma*-., huwc**r, -uppneu others which were claimed to be better. Notwith- staud.ug this, the cost to the city was considerable. - a -*e -h.t time we h*v no reason u> suppose that it ass uecayea. A siu, in 1»68, on I effiugwell Avenue, south of Franklin Avenue, 149 feet of 18-iucii cement pipe waa taken up, about one year after it was Hi.i doiv to «:ve o ace to s larger or mair sewer, when _r wa- uoiiuag. our prop.)tit. .ed by th - lUpoi-in jjtie ». r ,aj IV e ti d uo *nc ,-l iao * lio u ia .- r.u; IS ii'.ctiu- d to appear iu l* lie* --.eu ip-u him -eli ny .asiug laVOl- tu f -Jt: f J AXh i-N V, UA„ A^lll Messrs. PcUigrinidt Oeorgi, AUantu, lio... Gents—Yours of the ldik received -ad c noted. In reply, X would say that the vitrifi-i pipe, when properiy glazed, aa*l unuer - Oaukment, ha-i thUi far proven satisl ac’-c > uted ia ihiscity. There is no heavy euinu* ou auy pipe acre, aud X have had uj ex-a^.-. tue crasumg of pipes by weight. Tho breatiug oi the vitrified pipe ou a* street last iati was uot a fair test, ai it wai L uiaaa -mi aud ouver-d the same day or day - was laid ah an uuusnil heavy fall of w .ter c at tue same tun-, and the pipe wa* u enough uud-r any circumstance, is tny r -.is -'*' saying it was an aulair test. The only failure of the concrete pips in H was ou Machel street, near the orossiug oi ; st.eet. The pipe was oad.y b»ken aud-fi 1 showed tuat some o» the cmueui used was au u The manutacturers of it claim that a ce - 1 ’’™ too very near it, and several feet ■ o-v -- exposed one side of it, and tuat the fir*-1*- * doue by siniing rock ov -r it. This they ud-- davit to. I As before meed there is no embinkm ut» -] citv ovany pipe ot sufficient weigat to *«• s.cengtn of them. W. ii- bass- Civil Eu*- 1153 We think from reading all that has heen?s--J the foregoing as to the relative ■ menu oi ifia • Cotta Pipe and ihe Concrete CenK-n* 9ip8. ’ minded public will not be slow in reciAim* verdict in iavor of the former. Wa have ] to bring on this controversy; blit, ou tie oj-- have time aud again sought to %voni forced ou us we had uo ..esiumey in --I- 1 ’ _ for our side ui the queauuu. aaok- « uuu* i® 11 riomv ciaune (:u. me ca»crele pipe id, 1 special eharacteristics" exists bfib in thi* non of the manutacturers of pipe, wLuo special characteristics iu reality belong 3 ,1 *.erra *-uaa v.fi.fit 0 -azed ;-ipe. maaufa* J-‘ | By the Public's Humble Serum* 3 F>iLs itxiklAl S.