Newspaper Page Text
The Athenian.
- " "To* THE A.HENIAN.
education—NO. III.
‘Knowlcilffc i« Power.”
the; roj allots were completely deleuted, uiid lire
hberahots m-si happily triumphed. Now to
whom ia this "real chungc.unparallcled in the
history of modern polities, to bo ascribed.
Indubitably to the Viscount do Chateaubriand.
Moreover, are not the lute interesting move
ments in France ; the expulsionof Charles
Wo are often told tbut I ^ 8^ s j rlB |o n))d (ho acccSH1 „„ of bis present Majesty, —
or.” Now for proof ol In ■ num ber of) aether with the many tendencies to complete
fart be adduced, namely, ^ ^ ^ c „ u ntry reformation, the natural results of the nforc-
hose who are we
bears a small proper..-. - d , J( . ttled
tioii, and yet the few who are wc I emu i •
do virtually, and in fact, P over '" ‘“Jc inlen-
f in yj !»o true, and if our govern m fls
iJed to make men happy and eq' > ' e_
government can producehnppmessinn . j( .
ty, then knowledge ought to be P , pyc
not universally diffused. Hut io ;
ry other country, with which •'f
ted, talents uided by liberal education, C
then possessor or und.io influence in socle y-
To o-labli*h this last position, let us, for a
moment, review the political l.fo andI writings
ol the Viscount do Chateaubriand. It may be
well to state that the Viscount “ w reckoned
among the most distinguished individuals or
oar limes,’’ nad that be lias, by his superior
talems and high literary attainments, produ-
ec.l two remarkable revolutions in the politi
cal sentiments of the French people. To un
derstand tho force of the illustration, it bc-
oomos necessary to laku a short survey of
French politics since the revolution. It will,
no don til, bo remembered, thnt soon after tho
second restoration of Louis XVIII. the liber-
nl purly acquired n decided ascendancy over
the royalists, nnd also that tho Viscount was a
staunch royalist, nnd consequently, in opposi
tion to tho liberal administration of RI. do Cn-
sc9. IIo wrote his “ monarchy according to
tho charter,” for tho express purpose of invali
dating the philosophy of tho gounds on which
tho liberal system adopted by tho king was de
fended. Ho thon commenced the publication
of the Conscrvatour or Preserver, a kind of
periodical pamphlet issued about onco in eve
ry two wooks, in which taking for granted the
principles that ho had attempted to establish
in “ monarchy according to the charter,” he
chose for his motto, •• lo Hoi, lo Cltartc, ct
les honnetes gons.” Ho evidently considered
himself aa now fighting tho bullies of God and
his king ; ho branded the libcralists ns revolu
tionary, ns desiring to bring back ull the
shocking scones of the revolution.
41 Social order with ull its dependant chari
ties and blessings, law, morals, the sacred
name of religion, every principle that good
men regard as duar and valuable, was invoked
to lend its nid in this holy war. Having final
ly enchained bis readers by thu magic of bis
cloquonco, bo transported thorn successively
to the seonos that disgraced the revolution ;
the groves of La Vendee sanctified by the
blood of a host of mariyrs ; tho violated sepul
chres of llenry IV. and St. Louis; llm pri
sons of llio reign of terror ; the scaffold of
I,naif XVI. and finally the death bed of tho
1) ke of Borry, from which as a starling post,
bo led on tho lust and most furious ousel nguinsl
the obnoxious favorite. Such was the battery,
which tho Viscniinl opened upon (lie ailimms-
tration of M. do Casas nnd bis adherents.
Nothing could sustain its tremendous fire.”
“ Tim ministry perceived the havoc that was
making in their ranks liy this merciless en
sign —“hut it was non loo lale In remedy
the evil ; tho effect was already produced, lb>'
die was cast, nnd it needed only the fntnl ca
tastrophe of the Duke of Berry lo unsettle the
administration mid .throw it into thu hands of
tho royalists. An nlmost universal change
was now prmlurcd in the public mind; upon
the accession of Churlcs X. llioro were not in
1he hsuse above a dozen liheralisls, whereas
they bud, three years before, eomunndnd half
tho voles.” Such are llio wonders ncliioved.
in a short space of time, by n single pen.
Now with these facts before him, can any one
doubt, tlmt talents aidod by Ijbcrul education,
give their possessor nn undue influence in so
ciety ? If ho can, let him pernso tho history of
the Viscount to tno end, and ho will assuredly
be convinced.
lint, before proceeding farther, it is worth
ottr while to pause und enjoy, in anticipation,
the duy, when tho great mass of nur people
shall bo so far unlightenod as to think for
themselves, nnd whan a good education shall
ho accessible to ull, to tho poor as well as to
rich ; and such a day is surely coming.
After tho events which hnvo been mention
ed abovo, M. do Villelo was appointed Premi
er and the Viscount minister of foreign affairs.
Those two distinguished stntcsmon were pla
ced at the head of government, beenuso they
were tho leaders of the royalists. Tho liber
al parly was now crushed ; llio hopes which
they had cherished, of seeing tho French peo
ple free,were blasted; the royalist* were every
where triumphant, nnd to all humnn npponr-
ance, the notion was fast settling down into
its uncient despotism, when (mirnblle dictu)
the aforesaid leader* quarrelled about some
trilling financial measure ; in consequence of
which, the Viscount was abruptly dismissed
from office. Without tho lonsi hesitation or
dola ., he threw himself into the ranks ol tho
opposition and commenced an attack upon the
royalist administration, which he had himself
tel up, not lest furious and unrelenting than
that which ho had before directed egaiest the
liberal one of M. da Caeca, nnd having kept it
with exemplary eteadincse nnd vigor for uboul
the tamo period, he*h«d tho satisfaction to see
it attended with the same success. At the en
suing elections, instead of the pitiful minority
of a dozen, to which they were reduced in the
last house, th« liberal party elected more than
a hundrdd and fifty deputies. Among the
number were ell the most ectivo and eminent
supporters of literature; M. Roger Collurd,
Gen. LaFnyette and his eon, the Abbe de
Vredt, and M. Guizot. The liberal ticket
wan almost unanimous in Paris, where at the
hut election the vote was nearly «*q .ally din-
The opposition curried every thing be-
„„ . Then what u tremendous in
fluence, one man, by Isis education arid tal
ents, Iioh exerted and does still exert in tho
world? It ih admitted thnt achievements such
as these have seldom, if over before, been ef
fected by ti single pen ; but something similar
we have sien in 1*.ugland, and something
similar we have experienced in America.
Tho question then recurs with triple force, is
there any one doubts tlmt talents, aided by li
beral education,givo their possessor an undue
influence in society? Relieving that every
one must be convinced upon this subject, it
remains to he enquired what is tho extent of
tins ovil ? And the answer is this, that tho evil
is inversely ns the paucity of tire well educa
ted ; hence if wo increase the number of edu
cated men, we diminish the* evil, and if we di
minish the number, we increase the evil.
Now, it is presumable thnt ull will acknowl
edge that there is comparatively a great scar
city of thorough-bred scholars in our country,
aud this scarcity necessarily gives tho few
who arc educated more influence than should
ho properly entrusted to them. Hence we
have uii aristocracy amou n us, perhaps un
seen, certainly not unfelt, namely tire aristo
cracy of learning; and this must ever he the
case, from the nature of tilings, until a majori
ty of our poople arc well educated.
BALDWIN.
Georgia University.—The annua! Commencement of
this institution t>asagain been celebrated, graced, as
iMtial, with the presence of a most brilliant assemblage
of the great, the learned and the beautiful. Here were
1 congregated the statesman, the politician, the votary
of science, nnd the less intellectual, but not the less to
be respected, industrious cultivator of our soil, the
blooming girl of seventeen, with all the charms of
youth, und innocence, and loveliness around her, the
gay coquette, the antiquated matron, and last, nnd least
ol nll.thedandi/—all buoyant with pleasing expectation,
and eager to witness the display of eloquence about to
be marie by some of their juvenile friends, or relations,
or former associates. The weather was highly favora
ble, nml during the whole course of the exercises, our
streets a>«d public places exhibited their accustomed
display d life nnd animal ion.
On Sunday, the 31st ull. the Commencement ser
mon was jreuclied by the Rev. Professor Shannon, in
the Presbyterian Church, before a crowded auditory.
It w .uld be superfluous in us to make any comments
upon this production; the talents of its uiilhor are a suf
ficient ussuraucc of the entire success ol Ins slightest
«Hurt.
The Junior Exhibition took place on Tuesday in the
Ctdlego Chapel. We were unable to attend, but un
derstand the orators acquitted themselves with much
credit. The following arc their names, and tho sub
jects ussigned:
Francis C. D. Itouchelle, Athens, P. K. 8.
'* Every bound on earth must disappear,
And perfection close the scene of mun.”
IVilliam II. Crawford, jun. Oglethorpe county, I). 8.
" The price of Liberty is eternal vigiluncc.”
IVilliam IV. Franklin, Athens, I). 8.—“ O, tempora !
O, mores !”
Robert JV1. Gunby, Columbia county, D. S.—The pre
sent age, witli some of its peculiar circumstun-
JosephJ Hutchinson, Augusta, /*. K. 8.—
How vuin tl»* attempt the ways of God to scan,
l-’or weak ond limited’s the mind of man.
John R. Reid, P. K. Affirmative. ) I)tbuU
Alexander II. Stephens, P. K. 8.—Negative. S
Ought the Penitentiary of Georgia lo he rebuilt ?
At night an address was delivered before the Geor
gia Presbyterian Education Society, by the Rev. Mr.
Patterson, and a collection taken up to aid its ob.
jecta. A repoit was also read, but being favored with
no official information on the subject by any of its of.
fleers, wc arc unable to state any tiling relativo to the
prosperity of the Society, or the extent of its useful
ness.
Wednesday was appointed for the public speaking
of the giaduating class, and the other duties of Com
mencement day. Tho Chapel was thronged at nn ear
ly hour, and exhibited a splendid collection ol the fair
est of nature's works, whose approving smiles no doubt
gave a happy impulse to the exertions of the young
gentleman who, by their studious toils, had obtained
the honorable distinction of appearing before', them.
The repeated acclamations of applause that greeted the
speakers from all parts of the bouse,and the high terms
in w hich their several performances were spoken of by
all who witnessed them, are the best evidence of the
excellence of their productions. The address of the
President w as m his usual style of eloquence, and de.
livered in the most feeling manner. The order of e.v
erases of the class, and the names and Subjects of the
orators, arc aa follows :
• I emuel D. Robertson, of Clark county, P. R.
Latin Salutatory, Subject assigned, Mathematics.
* Thomas I. Moore, of Spartanburg, S. C. P. A". 8.-*
Subject assigned, Belles Lettres. Particular sub-
jeet, Intellectual happiness.
IVilliam Taylor, of Sparta, Geo. P. K. S. Mental
Philosophy.
f Robert R. Uricher, of Abbeville Dial. S. C. P. K. S.
The Influence of Philosophy on Civil Institutions.
tHenry IV. Rneeland, of Pet* rsburg, Geo. P. R. S.
The Pain of Science is strewed with Flowers,
t Todd Robinson, jr. of Autauga Co. Alabama, U. 6’.-«
Sur la Littcrature Atucricaine.
I Joseph P. SaffolJ, of Dallas County, Alabama, D.
The March of Genius and the Powers of Man.
\James A Slsbet, of Athens, I). S.—Stale Rights.
Jmnes H'. Harris, of Athens, D. 8.—VALEDIC fORV.
The decree of Bachelor of Art?, was also conferred
ill addition to the above, on Ihc following young gentle-
men:
John T Dobbins, Athens, Georgia.
Bennett W. Harris. Walton Co. Georgia.
Theodore M. Dwight, Norwic h, Conn.
Howling Hall, Montgomery, Alabama.
Ehenezer Starnes, Augusta, Georgia.
Samuel Rutherford, Baldwin Co. Georgia.
William W. Wieina, Burke Co. Georgia.
William P. While, Savannah, Georgia.
The degree of A. M. w as conferred on the following
gentlemen, Alumni of this institution :
Daniel Chati<llcr r Washington, Georgia.
Gray A. Chandler, Warrenton, Georgia.
Nathaniel M. Crawford, Oglethorpe Co. Geo.
Edward J. Irwin, Morganton, N. C.
W. E. Fullwood, Watkinsville, Clark Co. Geo.
Shuler G. Ilillyer, Athens*, Georgia.
W. E. Jones, Jeflertton, Georgia.
Isaac N. Moreland, Clarkcsville, Georgia.
Hugh IV, Netsbit, Shelby co. Tennessee.
Thomas F. Sco»t, Columbus, Georgia.
Edward C. Paine, Watkinsvillc, Georgia.
John B. Trippe, Lawrcnccville, Georgia.
John N. Waddel, Willinglon, S. C.
Thomas B. Slade, Master of Arts from the Universi
ty of North Carolina, was admitted ad cundeni Graduni
in this.
George D. nice, of Campbell County, u giuduate of
Greenville College, Tennessee, was also admitted to
the degree of A. M.
The degree of Doctor of Laws was conferred on Doct.
Henry Jackson.
The chief amusement of the evening was n Cotillion
Parly, given at Cupt. Brown’s Assembly Room, and
more fully attended than has been the case with the
Commencement Ball for several years. The weather,
for the only time during the whole of the Commence
ment excretes, was extremely unpleasant, but this
slight inconvenience neitherdeteredany from attending,
or served to lessen the joyful hilarity which the scene in
spired. The whole passed off with the greatest satis
faction to those who participated in its enjoyments. A
lecture was delivcicd the same evening at the Metho
dist Church.
Thcnnnual address before the Phi Kappa and Demos-
thenian Societies of Franklin College, was delivered on
Thursday morning, by Augustus B. Longstreet,
Esq. of Augusta. We cannot, by our feeble praise, do
Imlfjusticc lo the eloquent delivery, the chaste origin
ality, or the intrinsic vuluc of this beautiful address. It
was, to say the least of it, an intellectual feast, where
the viands were of Ihc choicest kind, plenteous with*
out profusion, decked in rich and tasteful but not gau
dy array, and arranged in the most accurate ordor,
without the slightest appearance of mechanical stiff
ness or unnecessary precision. During its delivery,
every eye was rivetted upon the speaker, and each lis
tened in silent, and almost breathless attention, except
when the uncontrolled delight of the audience was dis
played in bursts of sudden and unanimous applause. The
force of his eloquence was felt in every heart, admiration
every tongue, and a look
edominanl in every coun-
that there were moments
ddress, when there was
the wholo assembly, what
tion, or principles might
Free Trade Meeting.--In'pursuanco of a suggestion I with indifference. That its tflno will, at J ea& ,
rown out in the Georgia Journal lately, and noticed command respect, which on all former occal
this paper two week* since, the friends of Freei s j on8 |, a8 been denied, if it cannot accomplish
Trade nnd Equal rights held a meeting at the College
Chapel in this place on Thursday evening the 4th inst.
A lar^c number of persons assembled, and much inte
rest was manifested ontlieoccasi jn,yet wc regret to say
that it was confined, almost exclusively, to but one of
our political parties. The only gentlemen of the Clark
party who manifested any disposition to take a part in
the proceedings, were A. II. Pemberton, Esq of An
gustu,
a higher object. It is not my purpose, even
if desirrblo, to excite the feelings of this as
sembly, by a detailed relation of the numerous
wrongs under which we suffer. There is u
language, in our decaying towns, desei: c <J
fields, and rotling produce, that more effec
tually appeals to our passions, than any thing
which could possibly fall from your speaker,
nnd Garnet Andrews, Esq. o I Washington, || n t | ip withering aspect of the country, and flie
• 1. t Ire meet In cl 14* llll tlllicl) [in I m2” - .. A 1 ! n e n . I ia. aI* it.. _ I .1
seemed rcai
of thepures
tenance. \
dm mg l lie d
not a being i
ever his cha
be, who did
tuo and of p
But wc forbi
tion, and wc
vored with a
Thus has ci
gratifying tli
continued pi
of young ger
eminence, «
calculated tc
it now is, or
cd maturity,
tulatc its fri*.
Hoard cf
Wrongest emotions of vir-
ire possession of his heart,
been solicited for publica-
lio public will soon be fa
r its perusal.
literary exhibit ion,and it is
▼c a reasonable hope of
ollege. A largo number
good promise of future
d nothing has transpired
thing condition in which
css towards a moro refin-
s usefulness, wc congra-
:css.
ded. ^ ^ _
Cure ili tho Villelo tnimetry tvaa dissolved;
*nq-i.l anil &1 Honor. (Equal. J Equal an J 3d Honor.
P. K. s. uid D. S. »rc initi.Uofthe PhiK.np* and
Demoatheman Societies.
lemlay the 1st inst. the
Board of Trustees commenced thoir session, at which
seventeen members attended, viz. Messrs. Clayton,
Harden, Jackson, Nisbet, Paine, Thomas, Tinsley and
Walker, of this place and county; tfov. Gilmer, Hon.
Wilson Lumpkin, and Messrs. Camak and l J ort of
Baldwin, King of Monroe, Schley of Augusta, White
head of Burke, Williams of Columbia, and Wood of
McIntosh.
Doctor Matthew A. W'ard of Salem, Massaoliu.
Holts, was elected Prufrasor of .Vu/ttralHistory; and the
Itev. William Lehman of Pillsticld, Mass a German
Lutheran Clergyman, educated at the University of
Bonne, in Germany, was elected lo the Professorship
of .t/odrin tMiguagu in this Institution.
The Bnnrd of Trustees adopted the recommendation
of the President, that each officer ho required to deliver
annually, lectures, written in full, on the several sub
jects belonging to his department.
1. Tire Profeasor of Belles l.cltcra and Oratory. A
course on Hhctoric and Oratory, and English and Ame
rican Literature.
2. Professor of Ancient Languages. A course on
Philosophy and Classical learning.
3. Professor of Naliual Philosophy and Chemistry.
A course on each of these subjects, with particular re
ference to their application to the useful arts.
4. Professor of Natural History or Botany. Miner
alogy, Geology and Physiology.
Professor of Mathematics and Astronomy. A
course on Astronomy, and the benefit resulting from
Mathematics to the useful arts.
G A course on Mental Philosophy.
7. A course on Political Economy, and Ihc Political
state of the world.
5. Profnasor of Modern Iaingiiagrs. On the Modern
Languages of Europe; and particularly the French
Language, and the importance ofitsatudy.
Wc regard this requisition as one that will be found
of vast utility to the College. The student inn, by at
tending those lectures, obtain without exertion (he sub-
stanco of the collected information of Itia teacher, and
in such a manner as is calculated to impress it upon hi3
mind much more deeply than that gained in the ordina
ry course of study. Our worthy President deserves the
commendation of ali who expect to derive benefit from
a collegiate course, for his well timed and important
suggestion.
The subject of educating a poor young man from
each county at this institiitio.i, free of expense, was al
to taken up, and it was doodled that none should be re.
ccivcd until an appropriation had been made for their
support by the Legislature. This is what wc anticipa
ted, and what we deemed lo be the only pioper course.
The following resolution was adopted previous to
their adjournment:
Rtulrtil, That Five Hundred Dollars be, and the
same is hereby appropriated for Ihc purchase of a Min-
trahgical Cati.Ht, and that this sum be placed by Ihc
Treasurer of the Board, 41 the disposal of the Professor
of Natural History.
who'hoth addressed the meeting with much ammo,
tion. It was desirable thnt on this subject at least w
should combine all our eflbrts, without the influence of
partisan feelings; but from what cause wc know not,
the Clark party chose to stand aloof; and on this ac
count alone, were all the delegates appointed mem
bers of the 'Troup party. Those on the opposite side
would nut be represented here, and we could not, there*
fore, presume they wished to be represented at the Ge
neral Convention. Peihaps they were afraid they
should meet with nullification—wc know not but a less
liberal feeling actuated them--but the result proves,
us they were assured before, that nothing lending to
nullification or disunion was contemplated ; it wus
merely to aid in an attempt by a combined effort of the
several Anti-Tariff States, to induce Congress to pay-
some regard to the interests of this whole country, and,
returning to those sacred principles inculcated in our
Constitution, and frem which wc believe they have
most wantonly departed, remove at once the burthens
under which we aro laboring by reason of the restric
tivc system ofprolccting or prohibitory duties. TSii
w is our object, and in furthering it wc did Impe thnt
all the talent and influence of this enlightened com
munity, would become enlisted. Below will be seen
tho proceedings signed by the Chairman and Secretary,
together with tile eloquent nddress of Judge Clayton.
The meeting was called by handbills posted at public
places, as follows;
Free Trade .Meeting.—All persons in favor of select
ing Delegates to the general Convention to be held nt
l’hiludelphia in September next, for the purpose of cx-
pressingthc views of the South upon the subject of the
unconstitutionality of the Tnrifl of 182S, are requested
to meet at the Cbnpcl this day, nt 4 o’clock T. M.
In pursuance of the above notice, n large nnd rc-
spectnhle meeting of the citizens of Georgia who were
in attendance on the Commencement of Franklin Col
lege, convened in the College Chupelnn the 3d instant.
On motion of Gen. Harden, the Hon. VVilliuin II. Craw
ford was called to the chair, and Asbury Hull appointed
Secretary. Judge Clayton explained the object of the
meeting, and moved the appointment ol a Committee
to nominate delegates to the convention, which was
carried; whereupon "die chair appointed the following
gentlemen, viz:
Hon. A. S.Clayton, of
llincs Holt, Esq-
Gen. Harden,
Dr. Johnson,
Dr. Whitehead,
Dr. Habersham,
Thomas Stocks, Esq.
Gen. J. V. Harris,
Garnett Andrews, Esq.
Patrick Carnes, F.sq.
Edward Paine, F.sq.
Clark,
Jlaldwin,
(lark,
llichmond,
Ihtrke,
Chatham,
tlreene,
Elbert,
I ViUes,
llichmcnd,
Clark.
The Committee having retired a short time, nt.ad
a report, which after discussion und amendment was
adopted as follow
Itcsalred, That the object of said Convention, an far
a? it proposes by peaceable and Constitutional mennsa
redress of grievances, reselling from the unjust nnd un-
equal burthens of llio TariffSyslcm, is approved, and
that it is expedient to have the State of Ccorgiu repre
sented in the Convention.
Hesolred, That John M. Berrien, of Savannah, A. S.
Clayton, of Clark, John Cummiug, of.Savannah, Win.
Gnstun, of do. Richard Habersham, of do. Alexander
Telfair, of do. William Gumming, of Augusta, William
II. Torrence, of Baldwin, Eli S. Shorter, of Putnam,
James Camak, of Baldwin, John Floyd, of McIntosh,
John Wingfield, of Morgan, M. B. I.ainar ofCohmibnp,
S. Harlow, of Burke, James II. Cooper, of McIntosh,
Joel Crewford, of Hancock, Warren Jnurdnn, of Jones,
and Seaborn Jones, of Columbus, be, and they arc
hereby appointed, Delegates for the purpose above ex
pressed, nnd thnt they unite with their fellow-citizens
iroin the other parts of the Union in their best exer
tions to procure from Congress, a repeal or modifica
tion of said Tarifl System.
Resolved,Aa this meeting entertains the most lively de
votion to the Union ofthe States, and in prevent a mis
understanding ofits views, that nur State Delegates be
instructed to confine their discussions and the result
thereof, exclusively, to a removal of tbc oppression un
der which the country labors in consequence of the
system aforesaid, and that they refrain from nil deliber
ations tending cither directly or remotely, to the dis
memberment of the Union.
Resolved, That it is expected by this meeting, that
their delegates will oppose the said system on the
groundso- ita unconstitulionahty, as well as inexpedi
ency.
On motion of Col. J. F. Foster, it was Resolved, that
Ihc Chairman and Secretary sign Ihc proceedings, and
that they he published.
WILLIAM H. CRAW FORD, Chairman.
ASBURY HULL, Secretary.
The following is tho address of Judge Clayton deliv
ered al tho nbovcmenlioncd meeting.
J\I>\ Chairman,—Wo lmvn assembled for
the purpose of Inking into consideration the
proposition of n meeting, in Philadelphia, to
hold n Convention in that plncc, with a view to
memorialize Congress on tho subject of griev
ances, resulting from the Tariff System.
(Here Judgo Clnyton rend tho resolution of
thnt meeting.) To complain by petition is
allowed tho meanest subject, m llio worst of
governments; and it has been frequently told us
by the friends of tho Tariff, in their keen and
hitter snrensms against our murmurs, thut
such is tho course we ought lo pursue, and not
to break out into such a noisy clamour against
the measures of our masters. Humble and
humiliating ns it may be, for the sake of peace
and harmony, this is tho course the CON
VENTION intends to pursue; and with
such sentiments in view, all persnns of all
parties in (his Stale, have been invited to at
tend this meeting. A confident hope has been
indulged thnt, forgetting our party Ntrifcs, we
should, on this subject, cordially unite and
make one firm nnd concerted effort, to he re
lieved from our intolerable burthens.
I look around upon this numerous and re
spectable assembly with a fond expectation
that such a temper has been universally fell
and answered- That we have grievances, of
no ordinary character, nnno will deny. That
the Tarifl’system in this state is opposed by
nn overwhelming majority of the poople is
equally true, and that they have long strug
gled through all their public, functionaries, to
have it* effects either removed or mitigated.
Dut in vain I Another effort i* about to ho
made, in union with oilier suffering portions of
this wide and extended empire, under a ra-
suflering condition of the people, tliere is
mistake, it is an unbending and stubborn re.
ality, and, heaven knows, is excitement cnouulj
for our present purpose.
In a neighboring state, that excitement lias
proceeded to a most serious extent, and one
which demands the most serious regard. J n
that slate, there is but one opinion as to ocr
oppressions, hut they nre divided as to th c
mode of relief, both parties, however, have
determined to embrace the offered prospect
of redress, in the contemplated Convention at
Philadelphia. Heretofore one of those par-
ties believed they had sued long enough, i n
the form of remonstrance, for their constitn.
tinnal rights, und earnestly conceived that no.
thing was now left lo them hut the exercise of
self redress. You all know to what a height
this feeling 1ms been carried, and tlmt it Ims
occasioned a tremor to pervado our political
fahrick down to its deepest foundations. Tho
other party, certainly not more talented or pa-
triolic. have believed that the cup of pearca-
hie expedients is not yet exhausted, nnd that
they are willing, in tho language ofthe dccla.
ration of inde;>r ndcnco, “ to suffer as long as
evils nro sufferable.” and lo (ry every effort
dictated by argument or persuasion to awaken
the government to a sense of justice, to me
long urged and repealed complaints. With
this party, l«-t it he distinctly understood, this
meeting coincides, hut I would fain hopo
without any reproach lo tho other, for though
u r. would prefer llio milder course, no one can
believe that any opposition to tho ruinous eon-
sequences of the Tnrifl’hns ever, in the South,
proceeded from any want of regard, yea, ar
dent affection, for the Union. Tins mpeling
believes it is right to osB further remonstrance.
It has heretofore been done, and that repea
tedly, by the stale alone, let ns now trv it in
connection with our sister states. For tho
sake of the constitution, for tho safety of the
constitution, for every thing which is dear In
llio confederation, let us put our udversarios
in the wrong if entreaty can do it, if peace and
kindness, and charity, nnd brotherly love can
remove their sense of intorcst from before
their more generous sense of justice. This
mode of appeal, though untried on the part of
the sufferers, has achieved for our opponents
every thing they wunted. Tho history ofthe
Tariff system is us curious as it is unjust. Its
friends, with a viow to protection, inmie their
first humble approach to Congress, grentlv
distrusting the merit of their claims, as caij’v
as the year 1812. But fortified with the rea
soning, which usually conquers by a triumph
over the sympathies of the lieurl, they went to
Congress again ui 1S1G, with u most feeling
appeal to their liberality,averring they had es
tablished infant manufactories during tho war
lor the express purpose of relieving the coun
try from the trying einbnrrnasmcnts which
that event produced, and asked in a lotto ol
tho most subdued humility, whether it were
possible the government would suffer mslile-
lions to go down, founded m such useful a .d
patriotic motives, when the slightest nid would
enable them to stand up against the comps-:-
linn of even the very enemy who had made
those institutions necessary by their hostili
ties. Looking away from the true motive of
these establishments, nnd influenced alone by
tho affecting character of the appeal, Congress
fell into the snare, ntu| the foundation of n
system was laid thnt has threatened, ill i.o
doubtful terms, and continues In disturb, will,
no common force, tho best and brightest g >-
vornment of the world. Tho system o-ta
established, aivnkened a spirit of avarice and
a field of adventure, that recruited thousand?
to its support, who, realizing more (Iran their
fondest anticipation had promised, nnd stimu
lated by the pleasure of success, went once
more to Congress in tho year 1820, for un
increase of protection. Strengthened by num
bers, and seducing by the prospect of fortunes
the virtuo and patriotism of other adventurers,
they found n listening year to this their llirtcn
repeated application, and returned to the work
with renewed and persevering zeal, manufac
turing for themselves princely estates, and
proselyting others to the cause, by various al
lurements, but in nothing so much us the glit
ter of their wealth. Four years after nnd it
seems this pestilence revolved in an orbit of
exactly thut term, these greedy applicants
mado their periodical visit to tho source of
their light nnd life. By this time the effects
of tiie system began to he most seriously felt
in every part ofthe Unton, and in none so dis
astrously us the Southern states. A spirit of
opposition was aroused nnd a most formidable
stand was made against any further encroach
ments of this monster whose appetite* seemed
lo increase in proportion to the quality ofits
supplies. The contest though long and warm,
was unsuccessful, nnd this cormorant surfeited
as was believed, retired to its rest, and it was
fondly hoped had come for the Inst time. But
not so. Another essay was resolved upon,
but tho temper of the nation had been wrought
up to such indignation by the exorbitance of
their demands, and n proper sense of their cu
pidity had inspired such fierce resentments
that it was determined to vary the mode of
approach. To this end, a CONVENTION
ol all the Tariff states was proposed to ho
held at Harrisburgh, in the very state where
we propose a similar meeting, for the purpose
of going to Congress, not only for a fresh in
crease of protection, but lo fix down irrevoca
bly upon the nation this system, und to give it
a elinriK-ter coinmensotaie with every variety
tional belief that such a voice cannot he hoard I of production, and. a hamf. co-extcnaive with