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CEDARTOWN RECORD. W. S. D. WIKLE & CO., Proprietors. CEDARTOWN, GEORGIA, THURSDAY, JULY (>, 1870. VOL. III. NO. 3. TIMELY TOPICS. In one respect, ami that a most im portant one, France increase* while Eng* land diminishes. The oyster fisheries of “perfidious Albion” are rapidly giving out. Up to 1862 the price of native* averaged £2 Is. per bushel. It is now ■t'll and increasing every year. In France, on the other hand, by judicious planting, the oyster crop is annually in creasing, and bids fair to continuo doing ! iiamt, accepting the principle that the best way to secure |>eace is to bo pre pared for war, has now a hill lieforo its legislature, introduced bv (tenoral de ( issy, minister of war, for an appropria tion „r 260,000,000 frannea ($.■>2,000,000) /or works of fortification on the frontier, restoration of the French r.riny, and war material. In the now not expected e.ent of a genera’ war, all that is certain is that, whatever side Oermiuty may take 1'Vnco will lx> with the other. Tin an appears to be a Turkish un pleasantness in Jerusalem. The haughty lurk Is bullying the Christian |>opula- tion and barricading has commenced. I he population of Jerusalem is about 20,ooo and the Turks only number 6,000, the Jews 8,000, and the Christians the balance. The pasha who resides there is subject to the governor general of Syria. It would seem within the range of possibility for the Christians and Jews to unite and administer a severe flogging to the Mussclmaus; in fact, there never was a better time for revolution as sul tan Murad has his hands full with the formidable rebellion in Euroiiean Tur key. England has at last released Wins low. He is now a prisoner in England, for it is safe to say that should he land II pon the continent he would soon bo ex tradited. Even Holland, without any extradition treaty, pro|M>scd to drive him away. A few years since George Hidwell, Austin II. Mill well and (ieorgo Mncdonnell, three “enterprising Ameri cans, ’ lauded in England, and by a series of forgeries defrauded the linnk of England of more than a hundred thou sand |H)unds. One of the parties, and the most important one, was arrested and sent back from Litis country, and the three were sentenced to |H*nal servitude /•>r life. Had they committed thocrimc in 1876, the hank of England would have whistled for the proof and a itortion of the money. A most extraordinary disaster occured in St. Paul, Minnesota, the other day, in the shape of an eruption of wheat from one of the bins of an elevator. The bin is. nr was, twenty by thirty feet in width, about seventy feet deep, and was filled with wheat from bottom to top, the amount l>eing estimated utabout thirty- four thousand hudiels. Suddenly it was discovered that the wheat was pushing out tin* side of the elevator, thirty or forty feet from the top, and that several • >f the iron stays had snap|>ed asunder. Efforts were promptly made to reduce the pressure by removing the wheat; hut it was tno late, and soon, with a great crash, the wooden ti in Iters hurst open the iron sheathing was ripjx-d off, and out rushed the wheat in a gigantic stream twenty feet in diameter. It poured over the bluff, crushing to fragments a shanty about fifty feet from the elevator, al though the inmates had time to escape. The sight of this torrent of wheat was a most singular one. The whole amount discharged from the ragged hole in the elevator was variously estimated at from -‘•veil to ten thousand bushels. It took but a few moments to dejsisit this golden grain in a pile at the foot of the elevator about seventy-fivc feet square. A force of men was at once employed to shovel the wheat in upon the floor of the ele vator, In the midst of which process a shower came. Hut the grain was kept comparatively dry. Iowa claims a rival for the California l"»y who sees what is going on in the moon. His name is Neeley and he re sides at Dexter, where he has followed the humble r»ccupation of a worker on the road since his release last winter from the state penitentiary after ten years’ confinement. Neeley doesn’t sec the interior working of the moon, but when asleep he does see—unless his biog raphers lie like a Mt. Louis letter carrier —events that are happening miles away. A few days ago, while at work on the streets, he informed his fellow workmen that his sister, who resided six miles south of I »o Moto, had died the previous night, for he had witnessed her death scene during his sleep, and in half an hour the telegraph operator brought him a dispatch jeorruborating his dream of the night before. During his imprisonment he witnessed the death of his father and mother, and circumstances connected therewith. The events were corroborat ed just as he had dreamed, and what is stranger still, always before receiving let ter- from bis wife while he was in prison, he was always visited in his dreams by his wife, who conversed with him and told all that was written in his letters, so that he always knew when the letters were coming and what they contained, and would tell the news before he got it, to his prison comrades. LATEST NEWS. fcoi'Tii and a m. A falling-off in the wheat yield throughout rtll nr Georgia in reported. H'huoley, convicted in Nashville of robbing the Adman express company, and sentenced to thirteen years’ imprisonment, ban been granted a new trial; ball fixed at $10,000 The Chicago Journal contains twenty- two sheets, or eighty-eight large quarto pages, seven hundred and ninety-one col umns of which w ere filled w ith a list of prop erty to he sold for taxes. Farmers in the vicinity of Charlotte, North Carolina, nre a I armed over the crop pioapeot of that section. The continued steady rains for a week past have put w heat, oats and corn in a had way. A special train on the Anderson branch of the Greenville and Columbia railway, in South Carolina, was wrecked on a broken trestle, by which the engineer, conductor, fireman and two train hands—the only per sons on the train—were killed. The American ami Mexican authori ties on the IMo Grande have agreed to act in concert in suppressing the robbery along that frontier. The consequence is that the Mexican general, Kcvueltcr. has already hung four cow thieves and sent hack to the Americans four American fugitives from juNtiee. John Crabtree killed John Murphy in Campbell county, East Tennessee, last Sun day, with an Knlicld rifle, blowing out his brains. Murphy is represented as having been a desperado, having killed a man and broke jail at Knoxville, where lie was con fined awaiting trial for the deed. The Augusta Chronicle says: “The indications are that Hon. Alexander II. Stephens will he returned to congress from this section without hnving any opposition, either in the convention or at the polls. His health is improving rapidly, and we hope to hear of him in his Neat before congress nd- The advance sheet* of the forthcoming directory of Lloyd, Donnelly A Co., Indicate the population of tin- city of Chicago at five hundred and thirlv-wix thousand six hun dred and seventy-three, an increase over Inst year of twenty-five thousand. This is reckoned on n basis of throe and a half per sons per name. The Piedmont, S. C., cotton factory, on the Naltulii river, hns been completed, and is now in smooth running order, making cloth equal in texture to the (irniiitcvillv factory. One hundred hands nre employed, and the annual consumption of the raw ma terial will he about four thuiunnd hales of cotton. The Granitevillo mills made a profit of $5-1,766.110 last year on a capital of $000,• 000. __ KANT. Anson Robertson, who ha* served twen ty years of a life sentence for inunlcr in the Rhode Islnnd state prison, has just been found to he innocent of the crime. roKKiim. .las. Huird, of Uombuadoon, Scotland, the millionaire iron master, who recently gave $2,600,000 to 111** .Scotch church, died on the 20th. The manager of Is Mien, a puldic newspaper of Paris, has been sentenced to three months’ imprisonment for insulting the Catholic religion. Hawaii, the Turkish assassin, it is ro- ported, intended to kill Ami Kasha only. Ilossan was known as a devoted follower of the late sultan, and was formerly aide de camp to his son YllHMif, who is represented ns attempting a military revolution. A dispatch from Msrlin rcftorln that the Prussian chamber of peers passed u hill making German the official language throughout the kingdom. The Polish mem bers were violent in the opposition to the measure, and were several times railed to or der during the debate. St. Johns, Quebec, was visited by a most disastrous conflagration. Territory six hundred feet wide and a mile in length, em bracing the entire business portion of the town, is burned. Seven hotels, uinechurches, the custom-house, the court-house, the post- office, the United States consulate, two hanks, the docks, vessels in the river, a por tion of the bridge over Richelieu river, 8t. Johns’ woolen mills, stone ehinaware rooms and tw-o hundred ami fifty store and houses are reduced to ashes. niNCKI.I.ANKOtTM. Treasurer New has written a letter of resignation, to take effect from July four teenth. The Boston Journal thinks that al though Winslow has been released he will fail to keep his solemn promise to return to Boston and have an honest little conference with his anxious creditors. An order has been issued by the secre tary of war relieving General Schofield fmni the command of the military division of the Pacific, and assigning him to the command of the West Point military academy, reliev ing Colonel Roger. General M’Dowell will take command of the military division of the Pacific. The division of the south will he discontinued. The department of the south will he under the command of Colonel Huger. Mrs. A. T. .Stewart has given $2,.'XX) to the society for the relief of the ruptured and crippled, $2,000 to the New York infant asylum, $1,000 to the working women’s pro- tectivc union, $2,000 in aid of the New York eye and ear infirmary, $1,000 to Ht. Ambrose’s Protestant Episcopal free church, $2,.700 to St. Luke’s hospital, and $1,000 to the New York prison association. Mrs. Stewart’s gifts to charities have already amounted to about $100,000. Mexico, like the United .State-, is on the eve of a presidential election. The deci sive contest in that republic will precede that in this coountry by some months. Pro- nunciamentos, knives and fire-arms play the same prominent part in a Mexican presided tial election that dollars and whisky, stump speeches and ballot-box stuffing do in ours. The present incumbent, Lerdo de Tejada, is a candidate for re-election, and it is the earn est hope of lovers of law and order that he will be successful. CONGRESSIONAL. NRNATR. tn the senate) on the 16th, legislative business was suspended at 12:30 and the con sideration ol the articles of impeachment against W. W. Ilelknnp resumed, this being the day fixed to hear any further answer t* the articles of tiiipeaehmeut. Mr. Black, counsel for the neeused, rend a long paper declining to plead further, on the grounds that respondent has already been substan tially acquitted as the order of the senate was not missed hv a two-thirds vote. The counsel for defense asked that the paper he filed, but objection was made by Mr. Ed munds and also by the managers.’ Pending the discussion it was discovered that a quo rum was not present, and the senate ad journed. In the senate, on the 17th, the consid eration of the articles of impeachment against the late secretary of war was resumed soon after noon to-day. Judge Itlaek, of counsel for the accused, stated that there were rea sons why the trial could not go on the sixth of July as ordered. lie therefore moved it be postponed until about the middle of No vember next, and appealed to the managers not to oppose the motion. He said the man agers understood the reasons for not going on w ith the trial, and therefore hoped they would agree to a postponement, Mr. Lord, on behalf of the managers, asked leave to consult with the house of representatives, w hich was granted, and the senate as a court of impeachment adjourned. A protest of leading men of the Osage Indian nation against the establishment of a territorial government for Uio Indian coun try was ordered printed and referred. A message was received from the president calling attention to the near approach of the new fiscal year and the failure of congress so far to make provision for the ordinary ex penses of the government; also to tile laws forbidding the expenditure of unexpended balances and requiring these to he covered into the treasury at the end of the fiscal year. He further stated that if the appro priation hills are not matured before the be ginning of the new fiscal year the govern ment will he greatly embarrassed for want of funds, and submits a joint resolution to ex tend tin* appropriations for consuls and di plomatic and postal services, support of the army, etc., for the present fiscal year to the Ordered printed and lie on the table. Mr. \\ iudoiii moved Intake up the Indian appropriation hill hut a count of the senate developed the fact that no quorum was pre sent and the senate adjourned to Monday. In the senate, on the 19th, the sonuto insisted upon amendments to the pnstnflice appropriation hill, and agreed to the confer ence asked for by the house. Senators West, Hamlin and Davis were appointed members of the committee oil part of the senate. Leg- islative business was then suspended, and the senate resumed consideration of the ar ticles of impeachment against Mr. Ilelknnp. The senate then went into secret session on the question of positioning Min trial till No vember. The question being on the motion submitted on Saturday to postpone the trial till some convenient time in the month of November next, Mr. ’Iliuruinn moved that the application of respondent for postpone ment of the trial bo overruled. Agreed to. Mr. Sherman submitted the following for consideration: Ordered, Thai the pnper pre sented by the defendant on the Kith Inst, he filed in this cause, and defendant having failed to answer to inurits within ten days allowed by order of senate of titli Inst., trial shall proceed on the lilh of July next, as upon a plea of not guilty. Mr. Conkling moved to amend further the clause so as to make it read: “Provided, That impeach ment can only proceed w hile congress is in session.” Agreed to. The doors were then reopened, and the senate sittingas a court of Impeachment adjourned until Jiilyfith. Leg islative business was then resumed, and Mr. Windoui called up the Indian appropriation hill, hut before it was rend, the senate ad journed. In flic senate, on the 20th, the chair laid before the seiuife a communication from the secretary of war, inclosing a report and maps of the last survey by Maj. (’. ft. Corn- slock, corps of engineers of improvement of South Pass of Mississippi river. Ordered printed and referred. The chair also laid before the senate u communication from the secretary of the treasury, inclosing a long re port, showing the mimes of all persons now or heretofore in the public sorvieu from whom balances are due to the government, amounts due from such persons, number of unsettled accounts, amount of stocks held by the United States in trust, etc., and list of such stocks when default has been made. The chair announced Lint the document would he laid upon the table and printed. Mr. Wright reported back, from the same committee, the house bill to repeal Hie bank rupt law, and recommend that i» be post poned until the first day of next session. So ordered. The senate then resumed the con sideration of unfinished business, it being the Indian appropriation bill. Mr. Windoui, in charge of I lib bill, said ns it came from the house it appropriated $1,000,112, and the senate committee had added $ftl»H,09fl. Mr. D>gan spoke against the transfer of the gov ernment of the Indians to the war deport ment. At the close of his speech the senate, went Into executive session and afterwards look a recess till 7:30. Upon reassem bling, the lull having been consid ered in committee of the whole was reported to the senate, and Mr. Keruau de manded a separate vote on the amendment to strike out the third section relating to the transfer of the Indian bureau, etc. Mr. Maxey addressed the senate in favor of the proposed transfer. The debate whs partial- pated in by Messrs. Bogy, Edmunds, D>gan, H indnni and others, {’ending discussion, the senate adjourned. In the senate, on the 21st, Mr. Sher man called up the Joint resolution to author ize the president to appoint comnilasinncrs to attend the international conference upon the subject of the relative value of gold and silver. I’assed. The senate went into exec utive session to consider the nomination of Mr. Morrill, secretary of the treasury, and the nomination was immediately confirmed without formality of reference. On the re opening of the doors, the senate resumed the consideration of unfinished business, the In dian bill. The senate then proceeded to vote on motion of Mr. Ingalls to lay aside the Indian appropriation hill and take up the house hill, reported by the committee on Indian affairs this morning to transfer the Indian bureau to the war department and it was agreed to. Yeas, 20; nays, 17. Senate then look u recess until 7:30. Upon reas sembling Mr. Windom moved to recon sider the vote by which the Indian appro priation bill was laid aside this afternoon. Agreed to—yeas 26, nays 10—and the Indian appropriation bill was taken up, the pend ing question being on the amendment of the committee on appropriations to strike out the third section of the house hill to abolish the Indian bureau and transfer the govern ment of the Indians to the war department. The question being on the amendment of the committee to strike out the third section, proposing to transfer, it was stricken out- yeos 24, nays 22. The bill was then read a third time and passed. The naval appropri ation bill was then taken up so as to come up as unfinished business to-morrow, and the senate adjourned. In the senate, on the 22nd, during the morning hour several bills of minor impor tance passed, and consideration of the naval appropriation bill was resumed. The bill having been considered in committee of the whole, it was reported to the senate, and the Amendments tllndc in the I'oniiitltteo con curred in. it whs then read a third time And passed. Mr. Kdtmuuls gave notice tlmt lie wouid, to-morrow, cull up the hill to amend the enforcement net. Adjourned. 1IOU NR. In tho house, oii the 16th, a number o! speeches were made, but the proceedings were without speeial Interest. The tele graphic bulletin in the lobby, giving thu lat est news from UinoinuaM, exerted a very strong attraction. Various phases of the republican convention were eagerly studied and diseussed throughout the day Tho hop***’ on tho 16th went Into com mittee of the whole on the army appropria tion hill, Mr. Hlaekburn In the chair. Vari ous amendments to the bill were offered and rejected. No quorum being present the Itouie adjourned. In the hotiHC, onHlio 17th, Mr. Harri son called up tho bill to confirm to Chicago the titles to certain public lauds. I'ansed. The speaker laH before the bouse a message from the president explaining the necessity of having various impropriation hills passed before the first of July. House went into committee of the whole, on tho army appro priation hill. After disiiosiug of nine of the eighteen pages of tho hill, Mr. Iliirlhut, who had made several motions for tho committee to rise, made objection that there was no quorum voting, as there were only sixty-five members present. Tho committee then rose and the house adjourned. In tho houso, oil tho 19th, tho house went into enmmitteo of the whole, Mr. Hlaek burn in the chair, on the army appropriation bill. After completing the hill the commit tee rose, and reported tho hill to the house. The hill then passed. The house went into committee of the whole. Mr. Naylor in the chair, on the hill authorizing the repave- incut of Pennsylvania nvcimc, and the joint resolution providing for a commission to frame a suitable form of government for the ilistriet. After debate the committee rose and reported the hill and resolution to the hnusc, and they then passed. The speaker pro tam. appointed Messrs. Holman, Itloiiutund Waldron a conference committee on the pnstnffieC appropriation hill, and the house adjourned. In tho house, on the 20th, Mr. Wil lard reported a Idll to prevent tho sale anil use of adiiltorative and explosive illumina ting oils. Passed. Mr. Diinucll reported a hill to authorize the construction of a pon toon bridge across the Mississippi river from some point in Iluffnlo county, Wisconsin, to somo point in Winona enmity, Minnesota. Passed. Mr. Lawrence reported a bill relat ing to land pntents. It provides that when ever a party is lawfully entitled to n patent, if he delay to Like out n patent, it shall have tho same, power as though issued at tho time tho party was first entitled to It. Passed. Mr. Douglas, Virginia, chairman of thu com- mittoo on the Freed men’s hank, made a re port ill reference to n communication from the secretary of war ns to the payment of inonics due to colored soldiers, sailors and marines. Mr. Douglas moved 'that the hill mid correspondence he printed and recom mitted, and It was so ordered. Mr. Kundall, chairman of the committee on appropria tions, reported sundry civil appropriation bills, the lust of the general appropriation bill. Ordered printed. The bill appropri ates $14,687,840 against $20,(144,360 in corre sponding bills Ihm year, a reduction of $12,- 076,610. Tlie bouse then proceeded to the consideration of the hill equalizing bounties of soldiers, and was addressed by Mr.Thorn burgh in favor of the hill. In reply to a question by Mr. Ilniiuiiig us to the amount which would neeessurily he expended under the hill as it stands, Mr. Thornburgh gave bis estimate lit between nine and ten million dollars. At tho close of Mr, Thornburgh's speech the previous question was moved and seconded. After dahnto the hill passed: ^ oiih, 1 11 ; nays, 46. Mr. Riddle introduced a hill to repeal the ton ncr cent, tax on the notes of state banks. Referred. Mr. Law rence gave notice that under the resolution of the judiciary committee to-day, the vote on the hill 'or ii Pneille railroad sinking fund would not he asked Indore July sixth. Ad journed. In the* lioii.se, on tho 21st, the house went into eoinillittce of whole, Mr. Black- burn in tlie eli*»ir, on simdrv civil apnroprin • ion bill mid Mr. Ntengor addressed tli« com- initfee, in reference to the Kreodman’s sav ings and t rust company. Mr. Cook made an address on tho subject of grievances in south) rn states and in advocacy of refund ing tho cotton tax. A recess win taken till eight,tho evening session being for action Oil the Idll. Till! house resumed session id eight o'clock as a committee of whole, with Mr. Blackburn in thu chair, on sundry civil appropriation hills. Mr. Miitchlcr moved to strike out the provision in regard to (lie nay of printers. After ii spirited debate, Mr. Miihdilcr’s proposition was adopted sev- enty-eigbt to fifty-seven. The committee rose, and the house at 11-30 adjourned to II a. ni. to-morrow. On tho twenty-sflcorn!, the Iioiihc met kt eleven o’clock, and immediately went into a committee of tlie whole, with Mr. Hlnckhiirn in the rhnlr, oil sundry civil appropriation Idll, the question being on the amendment offered last night hy Mr. Vance (Ohio), to have the public printing done under contract hy the lowest bidder. I'ciiding action the committee rose, and the session of yesterday was closed, and ihatof to-day formally opened. The civil appro priation bill was resumed in committee of the whole, ii ml Mr. Randall’s amend merit in relation tn the 3.66 bonds. District of Colum bia, was adopted. After debate, the commit tee rose in order to close the debate, ami Mr. Randal! having moved to close it in half a minute, Mr. Hoar demanded the yeas ami nays. The motion to close the debate in half a minute was carried—yeas 121, m. s 76—a party vote. The house then again went into committee, when an amendment offered hy Mr. Chandler to strike out of the section whatever relates to the enforcement act whs rejected. The items for public buildings having been readied, Mr. ('aiiifield moved to insert an item of $260,000 for a customhouse and postoflicc at Chicago. 1’emling action on it, the house took a recess till eight o’clock. On motion of Mr. Randall the senate amendments to thu Indian appropria tion hill were non-concurrcd in and a com mittee of conference ordered. The house went into committee of the whole, Mr. Black burn in tin: chair, oil the sundry civil appro priation bill. Various amendments were submitted and rejected, when the committee rose, having disposed of half tho bill, ami at eleven o’clock the house adjourned till eleven a. m. to-morrow. EXTRADITION TREATY. The president has sent a message to the senate and house of representatives respect ing the extradition treaty with Oreat Britain. After stating at length the provisions of tlie treaty', and criticising the action tuken by the British government in the Winslow and Brent eases, the president says: It is with extreme regret tha» I am now railed upon to announce to you that her majesty’s govern ment has finally released both of these fugi tives, Winslow and Brent, and set them at liberty, thus omitting to comply with the provisions and requirement* of the treaty under which the extradition of fugitive criminal-) is made between the two govern ments. The position thus taken by the Bri tish government if adhered to Cannot but be regarded as an abrogation and annullineiit of the article of treaty on extradition, (Jy- dcr these circumstances, it will not, in tny Judgment, tioillpdrt with tile dignity or sell- respect of this government to make demands Upon that government for the surrender of criminals, nor entertain any requisition of that character from that government under the treaty. It will be a enuso of deep regret if the treaty wlueli him been thus beneficial in its practical operations, which has worked so well ami so efficiently, and which, notwith standing the exciting and at times violent political disturbances of which both coun tries have been the scene during its exist ence, has given rise to no complaints on the part of either govcrmciit against cither its spirit or its provisions, should be abruptly terminated. It has tended to the protection of society and the general interest* of both countries. It* abrogation and annullmont would he n retrograde step in international intercourse. 1 have been anxious to have made an effort to culnrgo its scope and to make a new treaty which would tie a still more efficient agent for the punishment and prevention of crime at tho same time. I have felt it my duty to decline to enter tain a proposition made hy Great Britain, pending Bn refusnl to execute the existing treaty, to amend it by practically conceding, by treaty, the identical conditions which that government demands under its act of parliament. In addition to the impossibility of insisting upon the negotiations under menace of an intended violation, or a refusal to execute the terms of an existing treaty. I deemed it inadvisable to treat of only tiic one amendment proposed hy Great Britain. While the United States desires an enlarge ment ot the list of crimes for which extradi tion may he asked, and other improvements which experience him shown might ho em bodied in n new treaty, it is for the wisdom of congress to determine whether the article of tin! treaty relating to extradition is to be any longer regarded as obligatory on the government of the United States, or iis form ing n part of the supreme law of tho land, should (lie attitude of Mm British govern ment remain iineliangud. I shall not, without uu expression of (ho wish ol congress (hat I should do so, take any action, either in making or granting requisitions for the surrender of fugitive criminals, under thu treaty of 1842. Respectfully submitted, U. S. ()HANT. OUlt l’llll.ADFLI’IIIA LETTER. Till! Arn'iitliin Hepubllr I'mi Amvrlrn Tlie Orlalnnloi- ol I lie Ontoimliil l«len K s III Mlora’Atl vert I.Iiik. TlieTimUInns Inn. Wylnli. ailneollnii.r. From Our N|>oelnt Correspondent. TIIK AHOKNTINIC lUtl'UilMU. Pmi.Aimi.riiiA, June, 24. Tim interest taken by Mils progressive South American republic in our exhibition, justifies nm in giving a synopsis of thu condition of Um re public. Tim Argentine republic sends us specimena of silver ore, a largo collection of minerals, ores, crystal rock gypsum, cement*, artificial marble, lead, mineral waters, also wool and hides, and tlm prodiiutu, salt, beef, mid tallow. Kmv of our people take notice of the condition of our sister republic, hence a brief note of thin Interesting cftuntry may ho instructive. The Argentine republic—tlm confedera tion of the Rio de la I'lnla, or River of Silver, South America—is a federal union of four teen provinces and three large territories, covering mi almost unbroken plain of one million two hundred thousand square miles, with a population of about two million in habitants. It extends from twenty-two de grees south latitude to the strait* of Magel lan, and from fifty-nine degrees wcHt longi tude to the Andes. Each province Iiiih it* own legislature, courts of justice, and political government; hut civil, penal, ami commercial laws are. common to nil tlm provinces, codes of such laws having been issued hy the congress of the confederation. The president of tho republic is elected for a term of six years hy tho representatives of tlm provinces, and is not eligible for re-elec tion. Thu vice-president, eluded in Mm same manner, fills the office of chairman of the senate, hut has otherwise no political power. The president is nnmuiandnr-iu chief of the troops, and appoints to all civil, mili tary. and ju lieinl offices ; hut he and Ills ministers lire responsible for tlmir acts, and liable to impeachment before tho senate hy accusation of tho house of representatives. Legislative power is vested in a senate, of members dueled hy the provincial legisla tures, two from each province, and n house of representatives, elected hv the people, mid apportioned to each province according to population. Tlm senators hold their of fice for nine years, and Mm representatives for three, FREE AMERICA. No one will question Mm toleration of Americans ami tlm freedom of action ex tended to all, when examining the beauties of Mu 1 Spanish department, to seu Spanish soldiers on guard, not apparently under any rigorous discipline, yet, sauntering about the precincts of their commission mid eye ing with Argusiati optics the valuable exhib its. All this with their side arms on, and in full uniform. If this Ih not liberty, and the extension of natiomil courtesy to foreigners, 1 don’t understand the term. TIIK ORIGINATOR OK THU CKNTKNNIAI, IDEA is the secretary, Hon. John L. Campbell, who in suggestions followed up hy stirring, epis tolary appeals formed the first original thoughts to the grand project, that is now one of the wonders of tlie world. The hon orable secretary is a man of quick percep tive faculties ami sound judgment, and a mail every way worthy to receive the praise due him for his sagacity in presenting Mm world with one of it* most startling beauties, and certainly one of it* most instructive thoughts. Till? TUNJHIANH. The authorities closed the Tunisian pavil ion for two days owing to the exactions of the gentlemen from the Bnrbary stales, for it h«miin Mint of Morocco, Algiers, Tunis ami Tripoli, none seem so Turkish-like in their speculative propensities as the Tunisians. The fact is these gentlemen labor under the impression that this being a free country, they can do as they please. This error in judgment the management have unclouded, and from henceforth you can enter Mm Tuni sian pavilion ami go out without the com pulsory process of “ Yon no huye coffee, you no stnyc here.” JNO. WKLHIt. Since writing relative to the trouble be tween the commissioners and tlie hoard of finance, John Welsh, the president of the hoard, no* written a satisfactory letter which assures the country that all difficulties shall he made subservient to the interest* of the centennial. He closes by saying: •‘The centennial celebration must be glori ous in all its features. Not one of them will be marred by the action of its man- Mr. Welsh is one of the master spirits of the movement, and is a* patriotic as he is conciliatory and honest. MISCELLANY. The formal dedication of the site of the monument t* the memory of Bishop Allen, tho first colored bishop of America, occurred last week. It is located north of the west end of machinery hall. The base ho* been laid for the monument. The monument itself will he placed in position this week. It was carved in Italy. The colossal statue of Washington will he placed in front of the judge’s pavilion. It is supposed thut there will ho two hundred eminent authors in at- tomhinoe at a meeting on the second of July to take steps to write the history of each of the great spirits, eonueeled with a movement that Jno. Adams said was tho most remark- Bblo epoch iu the history of America. The eoinmltteo will celebrate the anniversary of the presentation of the resolutions of Ritdiiird Henry Lee, Juno 7th, 1776. One of the most attractive ciiginos on tho floor of the machinery building is a nickel-plated noiseless angina from Connecticut, it cun ho placed in a hogshead, and is worth one thousand dollars. Texas has sent a water wheel, ear starter, sharpening file, glass cutter, road engine. A pair of wheels is shown from Boston, that ran between Boston and New York, making a milonga of four hundred and sixty thou sand mites, and is vet good for seventy-five thousand miles additional. They hnvo hecn reduced hy trimming, three quarters of an inch have worn cut two pnir of axles, and are now on a third. Brazil ha* twenty-four canes containing five hundred hugs mid in sects, each aggregating twelve thousand, neatly pinned in their mausoleums to its floors, among bur specialties. Some of the Byron strawberries exhibited measure four and a half inches in circumference. The students of the Massachusetts institute of technology, camped on the grounds of the university, occupying one hundred and eighty tents. Tho two cheese* from Buffalo, New York, weigh, the one twelve the other fourteen tons. They arc twelve feet high, and hound with iron hoops. The largest prnpcllor wheel is from Phila delphia. This city also displays valuable machinery In turbine water wheels. The hose carriages of the (junker city nre beauti ful. Now York solids n section of the Cro ton Aqueduct pipe; It is seventy-two inches in diameter, and should he cxniuinrd hy all municipal heads, who confine themselves to pipes of ten or twenty inches. Tho thirty- eight varieties of grindstones oil exhibit ion vary ill price from one dollaraud twenty-live cent* to one hundred and twenty-live dol lars. MftMAohusatt* shows among her saws, (lie best collection on the gioiiml; it speci men circular one hundred inches in diame ter. There is an extensive display of bloom ing engines mid blunt furnaces iu machinery hull. Tlie fat hoy lias arrived ; lie is fifteen years of ago, five feet four inches high, mid weighs four hundred and seventy-live pound. Jomki'H Ba mil Kit it. OvorgovornlHg Children. Children tiro often brought up without any particular hiibita of aclf-govornmont, beam ho the governing Ih done for them and on them. A girl that Ih never al lowed to hcw, all of whoHO clothes are made for her and put on her till hIio is ten, twelve, fifteen, or eighteen yearn of age, iH spoiled. Tho mother Iiiih Hpoilcd her hy doing everything for her. Tho true idea of self-restraint iu to lot tho child venture. A child's in Ih takes are often better (Jinn its ito-inistakCH; boeauso when a child make* mistakes, and him to correct them, It is on the way toward knowing something. A child that is waked up every morning, and novor wakes himself up: and in dressed, and novor make* mistakes iu dressing him self; and is wuahod. and makes no mis taken About being clean; and Irfcd, and novor Iiiih any thing to do with hi* food; and i* watched, and never watchcH him- self; and is eared for and kept all day from doing wrong—juich a child might about ns well he a tallow candle, |>er- foctly straight, and solid, and comely, and mi vital, and good for nothing hut to be burned up. Tho poor weaver who lias a large fam ily of children, without bread enough for half of thorn, and act! them to work ih a philanthropist. You may gather around them, and mourn over them ; but blessed ho tho weaver’s children! Tho twolve children of the poor weaver will turn out better than tho twelve children of tho millionaire. I would rather take an in surance on tho weaver’* children than on tho millionaire’s. Blessed tiro those that learn hy the, hard way of life, what every man must learn first or last or go ashore a wreck—namely, self-restraint. Tho steel that had suffered most is tho best steel. It Iiiih been in tho furnanco again and again ; it has been on the anvil; it has been tight in tho jaws of tho vise ; it has felt the rasp; it has been heated, and hammered and filed until it does not know itself, and it comes out a splendid knife. And if nten only knew It, what aro called their “ misfortunes” arc God’s blessings, for they are tho moulding influ ences which give them shapeliness, and edge, and durability and power. Milk Instead of Notip. A lady writing to the New York Times says: “Withoutgiving any recipes for making soap, I wish to tell all the hard- worked farmers' wives how much lulior thoy may hiivo hy not using such vast quantities of this article. For nearly ftvo years I have used soap only for wash ing clothes. In all that time I have not used one pound of soap for washing dishes and other kitchen purposes. My family Inis ranged from threo to twenty- live. I have used cistern water, lime stone water, as hard as possible,and hard water composed of other ingredients be sides lime, and I find with all these my plan works equally well. It is this: Have your water quite hot, and add a very little milk to it. This softens the water, gives the dishes a fine gloss, and preserves the hands; IL removes the grease, even that from l>cnf,and yet no grease is found floating on the water, as when soap is used. Tho stone vessels I always hoi on the stove with a little water in them when the victuals are taken from them; thus they are hot when I am ready to wash them, and the grease is easily re moved. Just try my plan, you who toil •lay after day every spring to make that barrel of soap, and let us hear how it suc ceeds with you. I like the great barrel of soap on washing-days, but am glad to dispense with its aid on all other occa sions. 1 find that my tinware keeps bright longer when cleaned iu this way than hy using soap or by scouring. The habit so many of us have acquired of scouring tin is a wasteful policy; the present style of tinware will not bear it. The tin is soon scrubbed away, and u vessel that is fit for nothing is leftonour hands; but if washed in the way 1 have described, the tin hi preserved and is always bright and clean.” They had a good deal of trouble with the Aztec women attached to Barn urn’s circus, in Providence. It seems that she wanted her salary raised to seven dollars a week, hut they told her if they did it she would also he obliged to appear as the Siberian malefactor, and she said she would go back U> Limerick first and take in washing again at two shillings a day, and they were obliged to compromise hy bringing her out as the fascinating Odal isque of the Orient. FACTS ANI) FANCIES Mexico imports cotton goods to tho value of six millions of dollars a year. He who expect* a friend without a fault will never find one. Tit rue are many recipes for getting rid of tho currant worm, but thoro is nothing so sure in its result* as to blind fold him and hack him under n pile driver. Momt? otto remarked about a recent de butante that her mouth was like a “ rose bud.” “Oh do hot justice,” said Jones, “her mouth is like a whole bush full of rose buds.” A Watertown girl addresses Mrs. A. T. Stewart as aunty, and tolls how sorry she is about her pool* dead uncle. About $10,000 will do lor her, and sho tells which of the Watertown banks aro tho safest. Two ladies contended for precedence at the court of Charles V. They appealed to the monarch, who, like Solomon, awarded, “ Ijit the. older go first.” Much a dispute was novor known afterwards. The London World announces thut Oapt. Hurnuhy, the central Asian lion of tho London mlnni>, Is about to start for Africa in quest of Mr. Stanley, who 1ms not been beard of for over a year. CONGIIEBHMAN THOMPSON, of the Gloucester, Mass., district remarked, when he hoard that tho Old South church in Boston had been sold, “that it didn't do for tho AI-m m-mighty to own n e-c-c-corner lot In B-B-B-Boston. Some people feel themselves obliged at this season to get on the heated and dusty railway and go off to some crowded and generally uncomfortable watering place. Happy tho individual who can afford to stay at home and keep cool. The following is the population,accord ing to the last census, of the Hix largest cities of Kuropp: London, 8,264,270 ; Paris, 1,791,880; Constantinople, 1,000,- 000: Berlin, 820,841; Vienna, 826,1(16; and St. Petersburg, 667,02(1. There is no fooling with life when it is once turned forty; the seeking of a fortune then is hut a desperate after game; it is a hundred to ono if a man fling two sixes and recover all, especially if Id* hand l>o no luckier than mine.— Cowley. A giieeky party by tho name of John son proposes to condense 1 Mckcns' novels hy re-writing them and cutting out those parts which ho—tho cheeky party named Johnson—thinks are not worth rending. We movo to amond by con densing the cheeky party named Johnson. A gold pon is n little thing, But in thy poet Itnnd It can tako life—it enn take wing— Become a magic wniul, More powerful, more wonderful Than alchemy of old: It can make iiilinls all beautiful— Change all things into gold. Payron, «n bis dying bed, snid to hi* daughter, “You will avoid much pain and anxiety if you will learn to truat all your concerns in God’s hands. * Cast all your care on him, for he careth for you.’ But if you merely go and say that you east your cure upon him, you will come away with tho load on your shouldors.” They aro experimenting in London with a gun which weighs eighteen tons, throws a ball weighing ono thousand ono hundred and fifty pounds, and consumes threo hundred pounds of powder at each discharge. That gun would lie a dan gerous thing (o leave lying around loose for childrcd to fool with. A Lafayette, Ind., man, with u mania for patents, Invented a dccapitator and committed snicido with it. On tho sides of tlie machine were foil ml written the words: “For sale or rent. Hari- kari. Patent applied for.” Tho singu lar instrument is now on exhibition in tho cheerful waroroom* of a Lafayette undertaker. A clergyman who was invited to preach beforo a medical association re turned answer that be would do so from the text: “In his disease Asa sought not to the Lord hut to tho physicians; and Asitftlejit with his fathers and died.” 'I’lie time for the delivery of tho sermon has not yet been fixed. A MEDICAL authority says that a man loses one jtcr cent, of vitality every time he is suddenly waked from Hlcop. This is what makes a druggist look so pleasant when he is rung up at two o’clock in tho morning hy a fellow-citizen who wants to know if no keeps postage stamps, and who would like to buy one. The Wosloyan Methodists have suf fered severely in tho Fiji Islands front the plague. Jt anpears fiom the general returns that the deaths this year among church members amount to more than eight thousand, while there aretcu thou sand less children in the Hum lay-schools, and nearly forty thousand less attendants on religious worship. A pair of silver kettle-drums, ham mered out of sheet silver, and nine hun dred and sixty ounces in weight, have been presented to the Fifth Lancers, a British regiment. They are not destined merely for show, lor it is well known that the “ring” of silver has a peculiar quality in its sound, which renders it su perior to sheepskin. Four other Eng lish cavalry regiments possess silver drums. YotJ can buy a cane fish-polo for twenty five cents, and catch just as many fish with it as you can with a jointed ono thatVosts seventeen dollars, but you can’t take it apart and Hlin it under your coat when you go fisliing Sundays a* you can one that's in sec-* lions, and a religious outside appearanco is worth sixteen dollars to seventy-five dollars to most men. How They Hmoke in Germany.— The habit of smoking appears to lie un usual among German men, and I was told it would be impossible for me to live or travel in Germany on account of the illness which tobacco-smoke always caused me; but I have found that, in all the smoke, there is so little tobacco that it gives me no inconvenience. From the odor I judge that their cigars and smoking-weed are made of paper steeped in a weak solution of tobacco ; and this is no doubt the reason they fe«I no in jurious consequences from its use. Those who quote the German habit of smoking to prove that the use of tobacco in this way is not unhealthful reason from false premises. The Germans smoke, and smoko, and smoke hy tho hour; but tlicy do not smoke tobacco.