Newspaper Page Text
H. CARLTON & CO.
DEVOTED TO OUR POLITICAL, EDUCATIONAL, AGRICULTURAL, AND INDUSTRIAL INTEREM3.
VOL 4. NO. 43
ATHENS, GEORGIA, TUESDAY, JULY 11, 1876.
pt Atjjras Georgian. Miss C. JAMES National Educational
I jj.c'AULrON & CO., Proprietors,
fjjs OF SUBSCRIPTION:
e copy- °" e Y * Hr
. c opY, Si< Month*,
” COP^* Th«*ee Month*,-~«...
> v r - oFadvbk using.
$400
.. too
BO
IS NOW BECEIV1NQ DIRECT FROM NEW YORK I
■ a elioico itod select stock of
Millinery and Fancy Goods,
Yonr attention h Invited to hor Grand Opening of
Pattern Hats on April 14th.
Also to tier nnu.ualiy
tow frioofi.
Association.
_ Call end be convince 1. at her Store 0:1 Broad St., U-
its will bo inserted at ONE * w ® ei1 ®r «. Long* A Billnpsun ’ Smith's Drue Stores,
l U * * ** Athen-sGa. sprlU *
want intellectual men taught at otir colleges great problems to be worked oat in 'his de- ness. There is a vast amivint of wea’th
to bo learned agriculturalists, who will bo partroent of the experimental sciences, bear* Cali oruia. Most of the land is owned l.v a
able to toil others what to do. not to be ing directly upon the great question of food few otpitaKsts, making it almost an impos
, r '.' ' , ,rc for tne first insertion, and
rV r i f S p r for each continuance.
u i lei one month Foi longer
„j; H lilK.-r.il ded tetion will Ik.* made. A
lr,' ,',|'itl to te i li solid-
‘"id in local «■ >'iuina, less than a square
:enu a lino.
jEGAL A.DVBUT1SEM KNTS.
„ (or L our. ,.i OMrtM’h'P..- ™
lion Cor ASmlnlrtratar. 5 00
hcalloa lor to 1 r 1 ,,,,minion (in.ntion 6 »
.ofLtoJ. *c..n»r !•»«•«* ... ~ 0 60
.,*rtjr, lOU-ty*, p*rI 60
ir S-rttoo,*) **. v5 ~* 3
j, ri*l«**, »H*r «h|d *rc ~ —•
riff >L»rt u.'f ft fc |*r *juaiT.
t\41«vi«*r’< ***. I*«*r *| ure
•I„« irv ff .rin'^v, |*r a»j iarr, e.tcn lime.
, 2 50
upni4.4ni.
R. NsCKIUDuN.
Y II. WYXN.
i.i
we - ... 1 50
flit- uiMVf rat<*s corrected by
•in irv ol riurke County.
isiisss ail Professional Cards.
II*. R. LITTLE,
At to mey at Law,
CARXESVILLE, GA.
pril.KlSJS.tf. _
J. 8. DORTCH,
Attorney at Law,
CARNESVILLE, GA.
iril.lS.lrTS.tf.
VI. Jackson.
JACKSON &
Mr. President and Gentlemen—In dis
cussing the legitimate duties of au Agricul
tural Professor, we lay down this postulate:
Agricult are should lie tanglit as' a science.
Other proposition* which grow ont <if thist
wi 1 lie considered in connection with it,
sinh as its negative. Agriculture should
not he taught as an art, and the Agricul-
tural Professor s .ould 1,.- an experimental
ist, that he might substantiate doubtful
truths and develop others from the arcana
of nature.
We shall endeavor in the outset to find
\ out, if possible, what the Congress of the
L. W. Thomas.
i ho a: AS,
Attorneys at Law,
Athens, Georgia.
c. d. Tul l,
VirOJiNEY AL LA w,
ATHENS, GEORGIA.
m.i|.t ntleution (riven to all business ami tlic rnme
totally Mdieted. __ .j.inll-ly.
POPE BARROW,
177 0 ftjVLJT A 2 LA IV,
ATHENS, GA.
OIKrein Mr. J U. Newton's new building.
nt.ty. . _
E. SCHAEFER,
COTTON BUYER,
TOCCOA CITY, OA.
iffhcAt Cs*U Price |witl lor Cotton.
V Oin* uiul l*rt*tw.
A. K. CHILD#.
GUILDS, NICKERSON & CO.
DEALERSIN
Hardware, Iron, Steel, Nails,
FAIRBANKS^ SCALES,
RUBBER SBLTZ1T8,
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS,
Mill Findings,
AGENTS FOR
Winship and Sawyers Cotton Gins,
&c., &c., &c.
t'ruevu eroMoi . ; United States expected of the Agricu tural
A 1 HEN8, GEORGIA. • Colk ,„ e as es , a i ll i s i Ie d by their inunifieent
GINS DELIVERED IN A rilENS AT MANUFAC- ! donation of public lands, estimated to lie
0 . * iCEs. j wort j, „j x millions of dollars. If we can
ascertain the reasons which influenced
them, we have a foundation on which to
build the logic of this question. Without
entering into particulars, we simply state a
few facts hv which the distinguished gei.-
Iffiifican Slid Imported ffakies, Clack?, JcWtlrr,! llcnitm from Vermont, who introduced the
SILVER AND rLATED WARE, * I 'i' 11 ' 8 ". cc, 'r d< ^ v»«'vincing tloi.gress tha«
w, . itliese institutions were a neces-i v ot the
nnslcal Instruments, tins. Pistols, Etc. ,, . ... .. .
I_ ’ times He shooed Irom the statistics ol
WATCI1E8, CLOCK* A* D J WE’.HV RKPA KK:> IX A SCAT, j till* COUIltiy that ill OI1C sillglc dee.lde ifl'OIII
WORKM.vXL KE M XXKII, ] 1810 to 18 '0) tllC wileat Crop of tllC S.X
And warranted to givo entire satisfaction. j New England States had fillcn off alioitt
Ornamentsa*d Plain Ldt-r KnprttnnpaSpteMtg. | 100 pci Cent, and the |Hitnlo crop about (>U
’ j per cent. That ill the Southern and West-
C0LII8I AVISOS, casltKfrooSeolSt««C:rac,Ain5»S.OA. ! ern wheat growing States, the decrease had
feh.tstf. | been about the same as in New Eng and ;
j while the wheat crop in the State of New
-Jfr J J, i York from 1845 to 181*0 had dwindled from
* ; thirteen to six mihions of husiiels. And s •
of the tobacco crop of Virginia, and the
Paper Read Before the Industrial
Section of the National^ Edu
cational Association, Bal*
re, July 11, 1876. lucre day laborers themselves. Young and clothing for the human race. sibility for a /;oor man to own a home—
! men are not aeut to ntilttary schools to i jt is known that nitrogen is the only or- eipecially a fatm.
BY DR. E M. PENDLETON. Pro- ! Iwun.to drill as common soldier*, hut to be ' ganic element exhausted from soils in its! A Libo.ing man can get to'erahly goo 1
' commanders; ; and so we should teach our available forms, and need d to be applied va.es—an average of 40 00 per month,
students, inspiring them with high thought* for their restoration. It is known that this the year nund— yet, that man jnteks his
of their profession, airtf t*tiohing them that element constitutes four fifths of the atrao*- Wa A*«t» ami sleeps in the barn.
phere, and all soils, even the most barren, | II. P. E and family, nmelf and family,
contain enough ot it witben the depth of and a few others, have just returned from
twelve inches to make several hundred crops.! a flying visit to the Pacific coast. We had
Two Dollars per annum, in advance.
OLD SERIES, VOL 56.
uot heard in vain, ile was sus-
tho country, and, in 1874, stood
the acknowledged head ot the Democratic
party in the State of New York, and their
obvious and inevitable candidate tor Govern
or, to which office he was elected in Novem
ber, 1874, by a majority ot over 50,000,
fesHor of Agriculture—
State College of Agriculture and
I Mechanic Arts. University
of Georgia.
oouvictMi Lethal tnanui-1 labor is not and and diswmi.iate many agricultural truths, are deli* ions. The ehief occupation 1. 'arm-' peal was t
canuotbe made a legitimate part of a college they have acquired, tor the benefit of the ing, stock raising and dairying. Farmers tallied by
course. Parents;caimot afford to pay board masses; others not availing themselves of are well supplied with machinery. Al!
for their sons to <Jo what they could better the golden opportunities offered them or from kinds of threslietv, mowers, reiqicrs, sulky-
leant at home, eveifiift^eir tuition is given natural incapacity will have to be reduced to rakes, steam engines, etc, are u-a-d.
them. The art of agriculture is very rim- tie ranks in some one of the avocations of Emploiers understand getting the worth
pie and may be 1 anted much better by ap- life. ; of their 'money; they rush from daylight w .,
prenticeship than in any other way We It may not be amiss to mention a few of the till dark. Stock raising is a monied husi- axai st a isirresponding majority in favor of
— — U1 *“— L J "* L: j ^ : - ! 'Governor Dix two years before. His mes
sage at the opening ot the, Legislature in
1875, and his annual message which followed
a week later, confirmed the impression which
had been iornted of his statesmanship and
ahility, and gave to his name a national
tame Tl*e vigor with which he prosecuted
the various measures of administrative re
form in the State, has led already to an econ-
o ny ot several millions of dollars in our ex
penditures ; it has stopped in a large meas
ure, if not completely, the demoralizing
wa-te on our can ds; it has established
through the State service a new and higher
standard ot official morality; it promises
rapid diminution of our taxes and to emanci
pate the industry of our State from burdens
which threatened to destroy it. Besides oc
cupying a position in the first rank of his
profession us n lawyer, Mr. Tilden is one of
the most accomplished po'i iid economists
living. There is no man in our country
wm> has had such a large, varied valuable
|s>liiicul experience. He commenced his
study of |Kiliiical economy, n lad ot 15, at
Sept. 30—1-tf.
F. **. TAt-tylADC36,
Agent for Win
ocUfOwti.
in agricul ure as in everything else, knowl
edge is power and money too.
“ 5“rjart experience tells in ereriooil,
That Ihwe that think moot govern ttioso that ton.”
In Industrial Schools purely it might bo forms, the product of the soil diminishes annul
well to teach the science *.t agriculture, and ; ally until the farmer has to turn them out to
have a tnodel farm to apply stiieiuitie truths! cultivate newdands, or buy nitrogen froml
IIV flip lfllinP Af VAII1III* 111mi ns n tnnnna tn aL. LI.. iL.
But because this element exists in unavailable n splendid time—went in light wagons, and
. .* _ j—* J * 1 — !l ”• " 1 carried our tents and provisions; we camped
by the labor of young iiiqTj as a means to
their education ilu*„ t < far as our
the Pacific isles or the waste of our cities to
, . . restore his soils. Tlte problem is, how may
ImnvMga g air thaw ^MiiiriHnliAfiws'iuis. ihawitangrumf ihe almaiphtra ,be.made to
nave failed. In connection with a Univcr- unite with oxygen or hydrogen, by some
sity, where every boy should be placed
upon an equal tooting, and where there is
always a discrimination in favor of knowl
edge as against labor, the scheme is Utopian
to the last degree. Here 1 am well satis
fied that the higher truths of Agricultural
Science should be tanglit the student, and
let hint go out into the world and reap the
practical belt) fit from bis own observations;
just like the physician, who soon learns to
apply the science when lie begins to prac
tice the art, and often lias to unlearn what
was taught him at clinical lectures in city
hospitals, because the circumstances stir-
roundin r the broken-down, ili-ted patients
were abnormal.
Baron Liebig lias well said, “ You must
teach the Science of Agriculture a* purely,
that is, witli as little reference to applica
tion as the s*ience of geometry or trigo
nometry is taught.” And he says further,
••The agricultural depurtmeu* of a college
without an ex|icrimetital station is simply
nonsense. The only method by which you
can possibly advance and develop agricul
ture is by experiments; that is the only
plan, for there is no branch of industry so
completely built up by experiments as agri
culture.’’
cheap process, so as to be made available
plant fo>id, or how may the organic nitrogen
of the soil existing so abundantly be thus
changed to accomplish the same beneficent
purpose.
Auothcr problem in reference to the same
dement: It is known that the nitrogen
which the cereals take up from the soil, is
converted by plants into what we term
abuminoids or fiesh formers, and when
eaten as food, is converted into flesh, which
is constantly undergoing transformation;
the food supp’yiiig new nitrogen, the mus
cles throwing off the old, which is carried
out of the system in three forms, viz : urea,
hippuric and uric acids It is further known
that these substances readily decompose in
a short time the nitrogen uniting with the
hydrogen, forming ammonia; which lieing
volatile, unites with the carbonic aci 1 of the
atmosphere and escapes into the upper re
gions. The problem is, ** How can these
substances be saved aud utilized econom
ically for the use of man, and thus prevent
a waste of millions of pounds of nitrogen
from every city and farm-yard in the lam I?’’
Similar problems might be state 1 in refer
ence to all the important minerals entering
into plant*, especially phosphoric acid, the
out and enjoyed it finely. We bathed in
the great ocean, and rtrolled up amt down
the beach, for several days gathering shells,
picking pebbles, mid watching the iihmy
sea lions batho,tiltniseives. .We returned
at night to orfFwjmp, which was q iitolie.ir
the light house, and feasted on tre-h fish,
sardines aud muscle . The whole trip was
enjoyable—it being the only p'cjsure I had
indulged in since I came t<> this State.
Most of the 1 ud in this country is lightly
timbered, though for a few miles as tve | the toot of President Van Buren From
neared the coast, 1 noticed q die a forest, j that day to this he has been iu direct and
We traveled over qni.e a scope of country, | confidential intercourse with tne highest po-
passing through Silinas and Moutery i litical authorities ot the country, always
Montcry is a quiet old town, mostly iuliab drawing his inforuiatiou whether of facts or
BOOT ADD SHOE MANUFACTURER,
E. .4. WILLIAMSON,
PRACTICAL
ATCIIMAKEll AND JEWELLEU,
i>r. Kuy'a Ui'.uf sure, liroo.1 Street, Alliens, Gn.
«■ .Tit .lone in a .tqierior manner and warranted to
, olwliiction. •** n - 8 — l *-
II. & HI RASHER,
AllO7L Ytir A7 L. 1 H\
WA TKINSVILLE, GA.
.fit! i li form a r iLHcc. jan2;>-ly
A G. McCURR V,
ATTomsrxrs- at
HARTWELL, CE B 5..V.
I.!, jitr ittriol |ur>aajl uttetiuu.i to ail huiiuc** e»*
•i<l t*» ni-i cure. Au,j. 4—40—ly.
REMOVAL! ~ '
I. A. SALE, DEJY2IS2,
K. ilJV iD to tUf urilco lately occupied by Dr. J.
Mjrrt...
P. G. THOMPSON,
-Y t to r a e y u, t La w,
n't-ii attention paid to enmiu»! practice. For refer-
- J *pp v to Kx. iJjtr. T. tl. tVatUmnd Hon. David
M->tit|fjin.'ry A*^ UJQoe over Hurry’e Stor. ,
imv*, (k Feb. 3—tf,
FRA XK HARRALSVN,
AL'rjilNEY AT LAW,
CLEVELAND, GA.
ll\ in the couutiet* of White, Union, Lum
on 1 Fanning, and the Hupremu Court at
P-cu, Will give itpcciol attention to all cl*im*cn-
O'lnlto hix care. Aug. 11 1875—41—tf.
COLLEGE AVENUE,
jVext Boor to Pont Office.
O N hand, Upper* for malting Low Quartet
ere**. Alc’xi*-Tie*. mid Prince Aliieit*.
ffunm.
•r*at h*rgatii9 Riven in everything at
ir_tf nri’L
BrKKF*> Rn.»k store.
JOHN IF. 0 IP EX,
Attorney at Law>
TOCCOA CITY, GA.
*\ ill1 practice *m all the oounlie* of the Western Cir-
‘L dir. and Madi«on of the N •rtliern Circuit. Wid
> *pecial iittrnion to all claim-t ( utraated to hi±.care.
ftrou-ly. V
amap. Coun. Howell Cobb.
L. & II. COBB,
Attorncys at Law,
Athens, Ga.
Office in Denproe Building.
cotton crop of the Southern States. He
further showed that as a consequence of
this g* nernl deterioration *«f the s--i s ol the
: country, while its population iiad increased
j 35 per cent, in a decade, the meat produc
ing animals had only increas.d20 percent.
Then the restorati n of our soils to their
j. ^-primal ertilitv was the underlying objects o.
jrre-s. Alt-xis-Tir., and Pnnca Alucrt**. li**i*uir- I:, ,, , - - ' I- , ■
ns promptly .xeenkst.’ j tile whole.-eh me; and,-rowing out ot this as
Srnd ten dulliint, per mill rexpro** an.l yon shall re j a necessary result, ail in- reuse of all thcag
' t "in'n»xir t is- l !r* p:l,ro1 .. , 1 rieultiiral p.oducla of the countrv, to feed
and clothe its inhabitants, and supply a snr
Great Reduetiatt in Prices ! u « i,,c,easi "- ,kma,, u ‘ h "
L^or the next thirty davs, Bnekets. Wall f The legitimate inference from these fact
-Mk.’SS'Jf* u “ oro ™ mt,,t * 1 Ww>d *«*• i is that agri.-ul ure must be tanglit as ;
GREATLY REDUC ED PRICES. | «-iem-e, not as an ait. Can .ve stipposc-f.-r
Sow is thMlrno to make your houses b'-auilftil at low j a moment that C/OllgfeSS 111IC11 ■ I**ll to liav.
lab .rer-train* <1 in ;hesc iustitutimisto worh
on farms, or to lie skilled in '.Ol* mere an
* f agriculture, so th it they .-.h mhl hilai:
tit niselvett or direct the labor of others?
Far irom it. Their object was to develop
the fir-t minds in the laud as scientific agri
culturists, who could do ibr America wlia
Liebig bad done for Gcmtanv, BotHsingauh
for Fiance aud l.awes tor England. Ye:
much more than thi->, they wanted men
educated here who could take up Agricul
tural Science where these men left it, and
add to it from year to year by iuduetiou.
until it oecu, icd the prominent position to
which it is en itled i.i the eyes of the scien
ttfic world. In order to do this, the Pro
fessor of Agriculture must r.o\ lie a mere
teacher, but an experimentist also, as the
-ciettce which lie proposes to teach is in
cltoate and there is much more to leant o
it than thvre is to teach. We have but
entered within the vestibule of this magnifi
cent temple, and he who simply propose
to gather up tlic little taught by others ami
adtl nothing himself to the great store
house of human knowledge, is unworthy
the position lie occupies.
In order to accomplish th -se great ends,
means must be discovered by which our
soils might not only be cultivated without
exltaus.ion, but r stored to their former
fertility, and even beyond it; and that by a
process which would at the same time re
munerate tlios.* win* cultivate them. The
projectors of this scheme foresaw that aim
p'e art, however aki.lcd, could never work
out this great problem; that nothing but
> science -:*iuld do it, under a combination <>.
gifted minds, with all the aids afforded by
liberal endowments to instil iitions set. apart
ibr this specific ptirjmse. Then we hesitate
■ not to affirm that whenever these iustitn-
Wlteti an Agricultural Professor has sue- j first mineral element exhausted from soils,
eeeded in convincing bis students and bis ! the sparest of all the important el ments,
confreres that agriculture as a science, of the one needed most tor the seeds of all
high order, not pure and tiumixcd like I plants, and the one which, more readily
mathematics but a comprehensive ay.-tom ' than any other, passes into insoluble ami
CASH FOH. WOOL,
l 1 LOTII FOR WOOL.
Tlic At lien* Manufacturin'? Cmnnunv arc now ttiak>u • :•
••ucii lawr variety of Woolen Gooita thau ever before,
■ud prtHHwc to
Exchange them for Wool,
Micvintf it to be more to the interest of the Planter tc»
Kxchun>ruthc Wool for Cloth, rather than have itOar.I-
cd and Spuu at Louie. Cnl! Air Sample* and Term* ot
Fxoitnnire. K. L. BLOOMFIELD, A pent.
May 19, 1875—29-tf.
Miss C. Potts,
Kasliiormblo Dressmaker
(Over Universitr Dank.)
Broad Street, - - - Athene.
Would re*peotfn!!y inform the Ladle* and her :riend-
.'encndly, of Athen* and vicinity, that she i* now pre
pared to do Drem making in the’ Neatest and most
fashionable styles.
With her experience in the bnsine**, *ho feel* *ure ol
jiving *ati*laction. Mnv 14, 1S75—28-tf.
GENERAL TICKET AGENGY.
RAILROAD TICKETS
For sole, by uU routes, and to nil principal |>ointa in
the
UNITED STATES.
Buy your Ticket* before leaving Athene, and get oil
nlonnution from
Capt. WM. WILLIAMS,
Airent Southern Express Co., Atheas, Ga.
May 12, 75
ALEX. S. ERWIN,
Attorney at Law,
Athens, Ga.
thin nil Broad Street, between Center Jb
f,-.j lVC ' a "’' ^ rf * Ol., up stairs.
Llrt -itY and Tale stable
itr 'iaget, Ilu;ii/ fa and limes for Hire.
TERMS REASONABLE
Nomg* II1TKI,KAI> , W«hin S ton. Wlllw, Co., G
R
I tions nr any of the Professors connected
R. SAULTER,
DEALER IN ALL KINDS OF
WINES, WHISKIES and I.AGEK BEER.
ALE, GIS, CIGARS,
CALL AT SAULTEUS EXCHANGE,
jAraaoa Stbeet, Atiifss, Gioxeu. . . . - , - ... ... ...
Oct. 2—d-tt. ! with them, inagmty other studios to the
— 1 ————— j detriment of these, so go outside of tin*
Livery, Peed and Sale Stable, curriculum r« r their teeing, they «Ri-
w 1 v t stile the pa e «t their legitimate duties, and
Athens, Georgia. j tail to conitiass the etuis intended by the
GANN & REAVES 1‘ROPhIETORS in initic.nt donation of Congress But bow
Will lio found »t their old **tand, rear Preukiin Hoiimt i s he to learn and to developo the truths ot
hnildintr, Tliomas street. Keep always on hand mod this complex science so as to be able to
Turnouts and careful driver*. Stock well cared for - - — - * •
.then entrusted to our care. Stock on hand for sale at
'I times. deetstf.
A. A. WINN,
. i. —iWith—
srud3< & co.
Ootton '* % aotors.
—And—
G-mnJ Com n'ssion Merchants,
, . Savannah, Ga.
'¥?’ T .‘“> »nd other supp'ics fnniishet.
iT7“"* r *' •»«'! a tvancci made on conaianmeut# for
Planters’ il »tel, Augusta, Ga.
•Mils WELL KNOWN HOTEL HAV
. ilia been Remodeled, Enlarged, tiioroujrhiy Re*.-
>v:itrd, Repainted slid Newly Furnished dnrio? th:-
Sii n*imr of 1S7.V, is now opened, with increased fie li-
MS fur the accommodation of the travedinx public,
febt-ly B. P. CHAT FIELD, Proprietor.
' l,r shipment to
Uverpool or Norti^rn
F’reali Meats,
'• J HEAD & W. F. HOOD,
Coax i» VccvDKr a-D Ooo- xx c hixi ik
ldRE8HBBEF, MUTTON. PORK, AND SAUSAGE,
Boloitn, S.iusaec). Our 8oUo>tO' I*
«ra.t nmdy to supply the went* of the
f Athen*. Please five us your orders and we
per.eet estiȣ*ctio...
J J. HEAD &, CO.
I)R.
MEDICAL NOTICE
At the solicitation of many of my former patrons, I
resume the .
■Practice of Medicine
irom this dste. I will psy espeoU! attention to tlie dis-
;se of Infants and Children, snd the Ciimuic Diseases
Female*. WM KING, M. D
June 1«, lS75-8»-ly.
PRICES WAY DOWN!
Mlsw O. TAMES,
I S SELLING MILLINERY AND FANCY GOODS
st price* lower than ever before: lists trimmed
JOHN GERDINE,
U Late or Mississippi,
WlNO DECIDED TO MAKE ATHENS niS
to ih- Lv* homt * *°* temlera b» |*cofo«siBnsl servior.
otueia er Athens sad Its vicinity. OIBoe on
'■'VIOV St^ IX XK » ICtLOtKJ of Jowf H, Nkwtox's,
'iwn ^ fe,lna from A o’clock a. m. to G r. xt.
with Ribbons and flowers at $1.00; Clip Hat* at $1.5*'}
Po nel* lists st 7Sc; No. 12 snd 10 B bhons st 20 stid
SSet*.; A bcautlfbl line of Necktim, Bnohlnrs Silks,
Flowers, Striped Stockings, Back Comb*. Corsets,Hsnd-
kerehiefs and msnv other artie<es. Please m*e her a
call snd be convinced at her store on Brood fit* between
Dm Ukhs * Billups and Smith’s Dura Stone*.
mayS.im. utuus- js,
MISS C. JAMES.
A. M. COCHRA X,
OA.xjsrss’vriisXsBJ, o-a.,
Real Estate and General Land Ajrso* for the pnrabase
and sale of Mineral and Farming Lands in Hall, and
the other counties of Northeast Georgia. Mineral ores
tested and title, to property investigated.
Special attention given to the purchase and a: le of
J. N. DCtKSEY, Attorney. mays—Cm
teach them to others? This can only be
done by tli-.- i-stahiishuieiil of experimental
Htati-di* in roanection with o-tr Agricultural
Collegi-s. How else can Agricultural Science
lit? elu*-id:it -<l ? 11-ttv else can our soils b •
improved so as to jiroditee renitinemtive
c.ops ? Ti n*-, if we master-what has been
learned at the experimental stations in Eti»
ro e, we e .u teach iitncli of Agiicultural
S,-ience in the abstract, and murii that bear*
indirectly on our soils, climate and pro*
d-tets; liui what would the Agricultural
Pro.essor iu Georgia kuonr altoat the lial.i-
tildes of tli coltou plant, the a*ti's adapted
to it, the ti rtilizers requisite for it, the dis
eases to which it is sul jeet,or anything
else about it of im|>ortaiiCc- to the planter
from the experimental stati.ms of England
or Germany? Aud so of many dfferent
pr<Nluctsiii every si-cti-*u ol the country.
In order to accomplish these great results
then, the Agricultural Piofeasor has to lie a
stuilcut as well ax a teacher, and we take it
that the first gro t duty devolving upon
him is to acquaint hiin»el£ by all the means
in his power, with the soils, geological for
mations, agricultural prod acts aud clima
tology of the state in which he is called to
teach agticullt.re. For, however much lie
may be leante*! in the truths which apply to
Agricultural * iettec, there is much that
immediately, surround* him that general
science can never leach.
But there is a great diff -rence between
of Natural Seieuce, so complex that it is
difficult to acquire; so proiotnid that it
challenges the homage of t* o most gifted
minds, he has surmounted perhaps tlic
greatest hairier to success. For the fact
cannot be disguised that many are im
pressed, especially yonng and unthinking
minds, with the idea that agriculture is
uardly respectable enough to be introduced
is a regular course i i a college curriculum.
Not only siuden s, but learned Professors
vho teach from the musty tomes ol c.assi-
al lore handed down fur ages, are apt to
tie impressed with the idea of their supe
riority over the man who has no higher
.---tiling .than to teach tlic wliys aud where
fores ot' making bread and meat. Added
to this l'tct ail other teaching looks to the
acquisition of some profession or pursuit in
*! e, while it is a fact, up to this present
-tour, that agriculture is not an occupation
to be sought lor hyjStuduots at college, or
to be taught only by apprenticeship as an
rt, lower iu the scale that: the very sim-
•lest mechanical arts. Not respectable!
vVhy, agriculture has to do with all three
of the kingdoms of nature, the vegetable,
lie mineral ami the animal. It opens to
he view of the admiring student the atiat-
•my and physiology of plants. It unlocks
the great storehouse of meteorology, “ the
.reusurcs of the snow and hail; lunv the
light is parted which seatterelh the east
win-1 upon the earth, and the way of the
ightning and thunder, to cause it to rain
m earth, to satisfy the desolate and waste
ground, aud to cause the otulof the tender
icrb to spring forth.” It imparts a thorough
knowledge of soils, geologically and agri
culturally, the relations of heat and mois
ture to vcge ahle growth, the capillary and
uygrnscopic power of soils, both as to gases
md fluids, th. ir relations to^$11 organic an<l
inorganic substances existing in or above
them. Intimately a seriated with this is
he chemistry of the atmosphere, the rela
tion of its oxygen, nitrogen* ozone andoar-
Imnic acid to plant life. Tne chemistry of
soils, the mineral and organic elements of
plants, and their forms and combinations in
-oils and products, ami growing out of this
tne great la-.vs tu.it govern vegetable nu
trition, embracing a sci. ntific knowledge of
crtilizcrs ami natural manures. It also
.ea lies the laws that govern animal nutri
tion ; how plants organize food from mill-
nils and gasses, converting them into car-
Ito-hydmtex, oils and albuminoids, to de
velop the animal heat, fat, boue aud muscle
of all doim-stie animals as we.l as of man
himself And then, it takes up special agri
culture! plants and field crops peculiar to
each state and every eliinate and soil, and
tells of their botanical relations and habi
tudes, the diseases to which they arc sub
ject, and the insects which prey u|>ou them,
or upon each other for their benefit; thus
opening up the relations of agriculture to
tue science of entomology.
AH of these and many points uot even
touched ujion here arc embrace-1 in a thor
ough course of s i-ntiiic agriculture; so
that he who teaches it must be a learned
man, and he who learns it must bu a hard
student, and poss-ss intellectual powers
capable of grasping the most abstruse prob
lems, and a wotdoni to a ply to eco to.itical
uses wha' he has learned tor tlie benefit of
hi* follow.mut.
But we ate met with the objection, where
will so niaiiy scientists find employment, if
we are tint to learn men to do larm wo k at
these institutions? From present indica
tions it does uot appear tint there will be
more to graduate with honor tb^n will fill tbe
high iiositinus now offering on every hand to
the learned agriculturalist. Some are de
manded as Editors ot our- agricultural
Journals, some as commissioners in our Ag
ricultural bureaus and others as professors in
our Industrial colleges, while uot a few will
become the owners and directors of our
large handed estates, or, having less means,
head the squads on our smaller farms with
strong arms and willing minds, by uot only
directing the ialmr and inculcating tbe prin
cipal* they have been taught, but by setting
the example of industry to their laborers,
and thus become thrifty and independent
Out of more than two hundred students who
have attended our course for the lost four
unavailable form*; and so of potash, mags
ncsia, iron, sulphur and all p'ant constitu
ents. - hese are question* of magnitude
constantly rising, which it is expected of
our Agricultural protessors to solve for the
benefit of the cultivators of the soil.
The great discovery of Liebiir, that solu
ble bi-ph«isuhate of lime was the s)iecial
form needed by plauts, has bad more to do
witli tbe success of agriculture, lioth in Eu-
rope and America, than perhaos all other-
combiued. Every superphosphate maim,
factory in the civilized world stands as
monuments to his memory, and the capital
invested in them, do |M.>rpetual homage t>»
his genius.
In this connection, we can but notice how
much is being saved anmta.ly, by the cot
ton planters of the South from the recent
improvements in Agricultural science, based
upon this great discovery of Liebig’s.
At our Experimental station, it has been
established, that on the worn soils of Middle
Georgia, (Eozoic formation) the application
of five dollars worth of nitrogen and phos
phoric acid in available forms, will increase
the p -eduction of co ton one hundred per
cent., for three years, over the natural soil,
without a re-application; thus saving half
the labor iu the cultivation of this great
staple. It is the application of such scien
tific truths to the soils of Georgia that en
ables her to compete sticcesslully with the
rich lands of tlte West in the production of
cotton, and has placed her the highest, by
odds “f all the States in the purchase and
use of fertilizers.
When it is remembered that agriculture
is the basis of all human society, the sustio-
anceot all human lite; that without it the trade
ot the artisan, the navigator, the manufac
turer aud every other profession and calling
in life would utterly fail; that twelve hun
dred millions ot human beings de|iend upon
it for their daily sustinance; that nine-tenths
of tlie fixed capital ot all civilized peoples i*
embaikcd in it, and more than two huudred
millions of men are daily labnriug with
brain and muscle iu its interests, is it not
wonderful that the learned and the great have
been so slow to acknowledge its inqtorutnce,
and to provide means for the development
ot its tiuths, while millions arc expended in
other and less important systems of educa
tion, many of which result iu as little real
benefit to mankind os the struggle ot the
alchymists tor the philosopher’s stone.
Thus we have consumed the time allotted
us in the presentation of our views on this
important subject, and must close hoping
that they may elicit from others a caudi-i
hearing, especially from those who, having
pursued a different policy, have utterly fail-,
ed of success. We feel safe in announcing
to-day that these principles are working
successfully, at least in one ot the institutio s
ot the country, and we doubt not will accom
plish the same result iu every instanoe witli
men to enforce them, who are equal to the
emergency, and “ iu whose vocabulary there
is no such word as fail.”
ited by tbe Spanish.
I am sorry to say that religious work-
are not regarded so warmly as in the East
There are churches and earnest ministers
iu the cities and towns, yet, the m ij >rity of
tUep ople seems to be unuiiudiudfui of their
souis’ solvation. Iu the tew towns 1 have
visited, on the Sabbath, I found most of the
business houses open; and during harvest
months, Sunday is a lively day for merchants
Tht politics iu this .state are cniishle. uhly
democratic. I find in conversing with re
publicans, that most of them have b.-co.ne
disgusted wit the present party in power,
and are n favor of a change.
A fetv of our best citizens are now at tin-
Centennial The people o. Hollister are
talking largely, of the fourth of July, amt
the prospects for a rousing Centen.i al ee.e-
brutioti there, are very ffaUcring.
The Athens Georgian is quite a solace
to me. It is eagerly seiz d, and its con
tents greedily peruse-t. Some of my neigh
bors borrow a and protto.iitce il qtti.e in
teresting. I mu always imcrtsicu iu its
pages.
I regret very much I was not at the re
union of me brave old ‘‘Troupe Artillery.”
but a long space of three thousand miles
divided us it would have aft"-riled me
much pleasure to have been present and
look my place iu tile old lovctl Company.
With many good wishes tor jour luiure
opinions, from original fountains, and form
ing his opinions up at a I public questions
under the sense ot responsibility wuich al
ways attaches to leadership.
Dainestic Jars.
Lust night, after layiug down: in my
chamber, au t lieing unable o sleep, de..-
t-iou-1) cool us it wus, 1 could uot help ovei-
hearing, from tne thinned* of the purtiti- n
ami tne open transoms, a dialogue lietween
the oecu ants nt the adjoining apurtn.tut.
They were evidently mau aud wife, whom a
lew years ol uiairimotiy had robbed of the
sentiment they set out with.
“ dune, don’t crowd tue so ; keep your
own side ot the bed.’’ This iu anything but
a tender tone.
“ Why William, Iain not crowding you;
and il 1 was, you ou^ht to be too gallant to
tell me of it. There was a time when you’d
have kissed me for »hat you scold me tor
now.’’ The female voice shook a lutie at
the couclii-i -u ot this sentence.
•‘Perhaps so; hut what’s the use talking
of the past? Gallantry is played out; that’s
for lovers, not married folks ’’
“ Did’ut you declare, William, you’d al
ways be my lover ?’’
”1 don’t remember. I suppose I said a
great many foolish things iu those days.
You want to get up a scene. -.Women are
death on scenes.”
success, amt a imps that your pathway mav ..... , . , ,
be strewn with flowers, l wid wind up this ' 0,1 re <l’.wnright rude. William ; you 11
conglomeration o.' penmanship tor the pres j ,,mke * m ' u *"“• Mr - ^ouipsou.
f ! waw evidently getting up her tern per. J If
Truly, your frieud, E. S E. j y«*u --aid foolnm things to those days, 1 aid
* > one when l married you.
•‘ 1 wislt you hadn’t.”
“ do do 1, with all my heart; you can’t
regret it worse than I do.’’
[ 1 de.est being iu uuex|>ected confident
ot any one, particularly of men aud their
wives. 1 huu already coughed and hemmed
a dozen times to let them know 1 wan au un-
willing listener; but they didn’t heed me.j
” l)o stop that tougue, you’re more of
a devil thau L ever though.”
*• I’m tlte devil’s wile, you wretch. I’ll
get up aud sleep somewhere else, so 1 will."’
This was gettiug too bud. I was resolved
to hear uo inure, sol cried out “lire!”
“fire!” very lustily. Jane and William
were up iu a second. As I ran into the hall,
they were there, too.
Jane was pretty, and the tears in her
eyes caused her to look prettier, and her
white robe falling gracefully about her form,
made her more tuati fancy had painted her.
As I got opposite the door, Mr. Thompson,
who wus lu.'gingout a trunk, said to me:
“ As you have nothing sir, will you be kind
enough to take that buudleand fishing tacklo
iu the eurner? Never mind my wife.
She’ll take care of herself.”
I did uot pause. I hurried down tbe hall.
I was convinced that Mr. T. was a brute,
ami his wile a suffering saint.
1 leave to-morrow by the early train for
New York, where domestic discords aud
municipal dishonesty are unknown.
_ experimental farm intended to elucidate ’ years, not more than three per cant, could
Agricultural Science, and a model form to | ever aspire to become eminent scientific ag-
t-each tlie appliances of the Agricultural Art culturalists. A number of othere wul be able
through the labor of students. Our settled 1 to make leading men in their neighborhoods,
CALIFORNIA LETTER.
Life in the far West An Epistle
from an old member or the
“Troup Artillery.”
Hollister, Cal., June 18, 1876.
Mr. Editor—Dear Sir: I know of no
better way of wlnling away a few moments
this beautiful Sabbath day, titan in scrib
bling a few lines to your iuterestin' paper.
The climate here is deUghttully invigor
ating, and certainly the healthiest ou tlie
globe The weather is generally pleasant,
though* during tlte past week, we had a
tew seareliing days—the thermometer Blood
at 108.
During tlie whiter, we have rains at in
tervals tor about four montlts, then it
ceases to fall; and in lieu ot rains during
the summer, we have heavy fogs occasion
ally, cooling the atmosphere, and refreshing
our feelings. We have a pleasant breeze
nearly every afternoon.
Tbe general produce is. wheat, barley,
flax, vegetables and fruits. The grain
grown here is usually very fine. It will av
erage, this year, about five feet in height.
The valley lands are rich and very produi-
tive. All vegetables raised here are unsur
passed—gardens require irrigation through*
out tbe summer. No laud on earth can
produce fitter fruits than this State; they
SAMUEL J. TILDEN.
[Albany Aigtu.l
Samuel J. Tilden, Governor of the State
of New York, was born at New Lebanon, iu
Columbia county, in 18 2. llis lather,
Elam Tilden, was a farmer and merchant in
Lebanon, and a man of very considerable lo
cal influence. He was a neighbor and
irietid of President Van Buren, whose po
litical as well as personal continence lie
shared until his deu It. He also lived iu
trieUilly correspondence with most of the em
inent Deinoc.ats of the day, including Gov
ernor Murcy, Michael Hoffman, Governor
A mkins. Colonel Young, Governor Wrigot,
Comptroller Flagg, Chancellor Livingston,
aud men ot t .at class, with all ot whom his
son Samuel was very early brought into co •-
fideutial relations. Governor Tilden com
menced his collegiate studies iu Yule College
iu 1837, and completed them in the Uoiver-
city of New York. Iu the year 1341, in
cnuuectiou with John L. O’Sullivan, lie es
tablished the new*[.a[ier called the Daily
Neir.s, in New York city, which under Ins
editorial direction mid management, is un
derstood to have exerted a decisive influence
upon the election of President Polk. In
1846 he was elected to the Aessomhly from
the city of New York, and in the same year
was elected a member of Ihe Constitutional
Convention of that year. Iu the latter body
he occupied a conspicuous position on tlie
Committees upon Canals and Finances, and
proved himself already one of the most dis
creet aud cajiable statesman of his age in the
country. In 1355 he was the unsuecesstul
candidate of tbe Democratic party tor Attor
ney-General In 1867 he was chosen Chair
man of the State Democratic Committee aud
a member ot the Constitutional Convention
of 1357- In this latter body he was also a
prominent member of the Committee on
Finances. During all these years, since
1844, Mr. Tilden had been gradually rising
to the tront rank of the le^al protess o ami
was finally recognized us the first railroad
lawyer iu the United States. In ti e ease of
the contested election of Comptroller Flagg,
Mr. Tilden was a-soriuted wi it Mr. Evsrts
and Charles O’Couor in sustaiuii g the valid
ity ot the return in favor ot Mr Flagg as
Comptroller. There is no dount that the
marvelous ingenuity, the inexhaustible re
source, and indefatigable energy'which he
displayed iu this case, decided its fate. Mr.
O'Conor was heard to remark to one of his
friends, that Mr. Ttlden’s ar.ument in that
case was the most remarkable intellectual
effort he had ever witnessed. Tlte year*
i860, 1870 and 1*71, were consecrated al
most exclusively to the organization of a sys
tematic attack upon tbe corrupt influences
which had taken jiossessiou of the Netv York
citv government, and which were acquiring a
controlling influence in State legislation.
Mr. Tilden was the leading spirit of the New
York Bar Association, whi.li proved to be
one of his most effective auxiliaries; he
went to the Assembly again to secure the
legislation that was needed to bring the
transgressors to justice, he conducted the
investigations which lest to the exposure of
their crimes, the rescue of the Comptroller's
office from their power, aud ultimately the
arrest, flight or imprisonment of all who hod
been prominent in tbe misgoverninenl and
plunder ot the city. Though at that time
the official head of the party in this State,
he openly announced in the State Conven
tion that he should oppose any nominee of
the corruptionists; should neglect no means
of destroyiug their powers in the legislative
bodies of the of the State, aud if the con en-
tion did not deem that “ regular,” he would
*’ resign as Chairinau of the State Commit
tee, and take his place in the ranks of his
plundered fellow-citizens, and help them
tight their battle of emancipation.” HU ap-
GOV. HENDRICKS.
He is Serenaded and Makes a
Short Speech.
Inianapoi.is, June 30.—Several of the
New York delegates returning irom St.
Louis, remained over one train this evening,
to call upon Gov. Helidecks, who met them
at the Occidental Hotel, and where the party
were serenaded. Augustus Schell, Jno.
Kelley, \Vin. Roberts, W. H. Quincy and
other*, addressed the audience from the bal
cony of the Hotel, pledging thetr hearty
Mip|*irt to the ticket, and exhorting tbe
Democracy ot Indiana to renewed efforts for
victory at the coming elecii m.
After these gentlemen had spoken, loud
and persistent calls were made for G»v.
Hendrick*, who np[ieared on the balcony
and was received with tlie most vociferous
anti protracted cheers.
Quiet being restored, ho said:
My FeUow Citizens: It is itr-posssihle
for me to make an address to you thU even
ing. [Cries of go on], I am here to pay
my respects to distinguished citizens from
other States, who are on their way home
from one ot the greatest political conventions
that lias ever bad a session in thU country.
These distinguished men sympathize with us
in the interest which we intend to protect,
by the change which is to take place at the
coming election. [Cbeera.3 I believe at
the next election that the |ieopSe are going to
express what is written in the platform ad
opted at St. Louis, and what U written in
the history of the distinguished man that
heads the ticket, and that is thorough re
form in public service. [Applause.] There
is but otte other thought that I will express
to you—that the platform adopted at St,
Louis, declares that the resumption clause
of tbe act adopted iu 1875 shall be repealed,
aud the repe l of that clause carries with. it
every feature ot the law which » bringing
about the contraction so hurtful to the inter
ests of the country. I thank you gentlemen
for the compliment which you have paid me
by this call.
After dining with the Governor, the party
leit in their special car for tbe East.
Nine of the girls at Wellesley Institute,
Mass., rowed Dorn Pedro op tbp (altc.