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THE AMERICA! WHIG. Griffin, May 25, 1948. FOR PRESIDENT, GENERAL ZACHARY TAYLOR, Of Louisiana. Elector* for the Mate at Larire: Dr. WILLIAM TERRELL. SEATON GRANTLAND. District*: let Diet. JAS. L. SEWARD, of Thomas. 2d “ WILLIAM H. CRAWFORD,of Sumpter. Sd “ ANDERSON W. REDDING, of Harris. 4th “ WILLIAM MOSELY, of Henry. sth “ COL. WARREN AKIN, of Cass. 6th “ ASBURY HULL, of Clark. 7th Y. P. KING, of Greene. Bth “ GEORGE STAPLETON, of Jefferson. ■in _ j - -.■■■■■ , O’The citizens of Griffin and > icinity are re quested to meet at the Male Academy, on Monday evening at 5 o’clock, for the purpose of making ar rangements to celebrate the approaching anniversa ry of American Independence. The Funeral Os Mrs. SUSAN J. MILNER, deceased, will be preached by the Rev. Wm. A. Florence, in the Methodist Church in Zebulon, on the first Sabbath in June next. The friends aud relatives of the de ceased are respectfully invited to attend. Southern Literary Gazette. We call the attention of southern people to the Prospectus of the above publication in another col umn. The time has arrived, when we should cease to depend entirely on other sections of the country for all our literature. We have sufficient material in the south to vie with any part of the world in Lit erature, Science, arid the Mechanical Arts, if suffi cient attention were paid to their culture. But they, like the productions of the earth, require cultivation to fully develope them. The editor of the above work proposes to embark in the laudable undertaking of cultivating the hitherto dormant faculties of the southern mind, and we trust that his efforts will not be in vain; but that a generous public will fully appreciate the importance of the enterprise and ex tend to it the requisite assistance. Third District Convention. The Columbus Enquirer, by request of an intelli gent friend, suggests the Third Monday in June as a convenient tnno, and Thomaston as a proper place for the meeting of the delegates of the Whig party of the Third Congressional District, to nominate a candidate for Congress. By a resolution of the last nominating Convention, two years ago, Griffin was set apart as the place for holding the next Convention; but how far the delegates now to be appointed ought to regard that resolution, we will not pretend to deter mine. The time mentioned we think very appro priate; but we would preler, that the resolution of the last Convention, as to the place, be carried out.— We will, however, hear from others, and hope thev will not be backward in speaking out. ANNEXATION. Jamaiea-Cuba-Yucatan. We copy to-day an article from the New Orleans Delta with the above caption, that our readers may be informed of what is being agitated with respect to our future policy as a nation ; and we humbly trust that every one will read it and weigh the matters well there hinted at. We have for sometime, in fact ever since the annexation of Texas, viewed thepoli* cy of our government as tending to that, which if persisted in, must, in our humble opinion, lead to a destruction of all our institutions, that is we mean to i n annihi fa*'p™ - lo be neutral in politics, butanv one can see from reading it that it is decidedly dem ocratic, and fully sustains all the acts of the present administration, and this bold avowal in favor of the annexation of Jamaica, Cuba and Yucatan, is but the shadowing forth of the purposes of the President and the leaders of his party. The more we reflect upon it, the more we become convinced that the annexation of Texas was laying down a bad precedent; though should the example stop there we may recover from the consequences of that act. But if we let that acquisition of territory create in us new desires for further acquisitions as it 6eems to have affected the present administration, and the leaders of the dominant party generally, we may in a short time rue the day that annexation was ever thought of. A government whoso chief object and aim is the prying into the affairs of other nations, may be aptly compared to those persons who may be found in al most every neighborhood, sometimes called “ busy bodies that spend all their time in meddling with the affairs of their neighbors and can generally give any information that may he wanted respecting the private matters of every family within the circle of their acquaintance; anu universal experience teach es us that these people know less and care less about the comfort and happiness of their own fami lies than any human beings that exist. Their minds are so much absorbed with the affairs of others that they have no time to think of their own. Just so with politicians who are stretching out their arms to embrace and foster the people of foreign countries whether by annexation or otherwise. When the power and resources of oilr government are spent upon objects of this kind nothing can be done to im _ prove the condition and prosperity of our own peo ple. Their wants and necessities are lost sight of entirely when the minds ot our legislators are ab sorbed in planning and carrying out schemes to ac complish such ohjects, which has been fully verified in the acts of the present administration. And should the present policy be pursued indefinite extent, the currency and commerce of our country wU| be come more and more deranged which is now very perceptably felt by many of us, the people will be come oppressed and dissatisfied, distrust of one an other will ensue, bickerings and strife will arise, and, without a remedy, confidence in our government will be lost, and whenever that is gone our fate as a na tion is easily told. The best course we can pursue with respect to government matters in order to secure to us and our posterity the freedom we now enjoy and perpetuate our national existence, is to legislate to render our people prosperous and happy at home, and increase rather than decrease their devotion to our govern ment and laws. rn Ii •. ... The Delta closes its article with an exultation in anticipation of the time when the United States shall be possessed of Jamaica, Cuba and Yucatan, and be like unto Rome, the mistress of the world. The pol iticians of Rome it is true, aspired to conquer the world, and set out with the determination to pro claim Rome “ mistress of the world,” and in their efforts to effect that object they necessarily so far neglected the social and moral condition of their people at home that they had just barely time to sing out the proclamation when Rome ceased to be mis tress of herself and was torn into fragments, leaving little else than history to show that such a govern ment ever existed. And such we doubt not will be our fate whenever we attempt to follow the example of that government. FOR THE AMERICAN WHIG. The Works of Nature. Messrs. Editors : —There is no reflection that gives more elevated ideas and at the same time has such a tendency to convince us oi a Supreme being, as that of contemplating the works of Nature. It has been the theme of even uncivilised nations from time immemorial, and the further we investigate and ex plore this wide field, the more mysterious and in comprehensible do we find it. We learn from his tory, that in Egypt as well as in Greece and Rome, the inhabitants in the earliest days made considera ble advancement in Astronomy, from frequently ob serving the stars and other phenomena of nature • and being deprived of any written account, it was only by repeated observations that they made any proficiency in their a:rial efforts, and it was not until civilization had made considerable advancement, that a perfect system was reduced. In those days when agriculture was very imperfect, the inhabi tants found foretelling the weather of great impor tance ;to accomplish which the Shepherd while watching his flocks and herds as well as those en gaged in other rural pursuits, would make frequent observations. The rainbow which is now so famil iarly explained, was in those days a phenomenon so mysterious as to excite the wonder and admiration of all; and the comet with its long train, was sup posed to be the harbinger of some awful event but the machinery of nature was only performing her part. The tides and phases of the inoon were also equally inexplicable to say nothing of the lofty mountains, the mighty waterfall and the fathomless ocean. Who can look upon the falls of the Niaga ra, the Himmaleh and the Andes, without astonish ment and emotion. They are truly sublime. The animal and mineral kingdoms as well as the geo logical formation of the earth, are equally incom prehensible and well it was said by a certain writer, How mighty, how mysterious, how majestic are nature’s works ?” What is more beautiful than the landscape, whose limpid streams are decked with shrubbery and beautiful flowers of the forest and wild fruits for the support of every animal ? in ma ny places growing spontaneously without the labor of man, and in the bosom ol the earth are metals for every want. The work of,nature is plainlyjset forth in Physiology, Geology, Chemistry, Astronomy, Bota ny and Electricity besides numerous others. By Chemistry, we become acquainted with certain laws which take place in substances, and although they have passed unknown for thousands of years, have been in operation ever since the creation—but have escaped the notice of man. Os Electricity there was very little known, and I might say none, until the days of Franklin, and yet the same laws have al- ! ways existed, and by the ingenious mind of Morse, has been converted to an important purpose. Upon these reflections we can but admire and adore Him who planned, formed and still directs, and these are sufficient proofs to show the poor feebleness of man. A Reader of the Am. Whig. From the N. O. Della. Annexation. JAMAICA CUBA YUCATAN. The Revolutions in Europe have communi cated new vigor to the cause of annexation in this quarter ot the globe. The continental powers of the old world, compelled to keep all their attention fixed and all their resources con. centrated in resisting the alarming encroach ments of the popular will at home, arc necessa rily compelled to leave their distant colonies to take care of themselves. The latter, suffering under the neglect, and the still more hurtful ex periments and oppressive legislation of the mo the* country, and fearing worse changes, are casting about for relief, for an asylum, for safe ty. Those rich European colonies, the Islands in our neighborhood, naturally look to this great Republic as their most available ally, friend and protector, in case they are cut loose from the old nations, to fill whoso coffers to repletion they have been so long oppressed and trodden upon. Jamaica, the great English West Indian pos session, where so many Englishmen have ac cumulated fortunes to spend at home, has been utterly ruined and prostrated by the Emancipa tion Act. The white population is rapidly dis appearing from the beautiful and productive is land, and the blacks are sinking deeper and deeper in sloth and worthlessness every year of their emancipation. Farms are being sold, broken up, and abandoned, and where broad and teaming fields of rich cane once delighted the vision, there are now only rank weeds and wild vines. To complete the misfortune of the planters of Jamaica, the reduction of the sugar duties has compelled them to compete with slave-grown sugar. Despairing of all relief from England, the whites of Jamaica have awoke to the immense advantages which would accrue to them from annexation to this Union, as they are seriously agitating the subject. We alluded a few days ago to the opinions openly avowed in that island by the “despatch” news papers ; and, in further proof of the existence of this feeling, we refer to a communication in our paper of to-day, signed “Alpha,” written by a gentleman just from Jamaica, who has resided there twelve years. Next in the class of petitioners for annexation comes the brightest jewel in the crown of Spain, the sentinel ofthe Gulf of Mexico, the Island of Cuba. Wedded, as the people of this Isle have beeri, to the old Government, whose mild and paternal dominion, in the early history of the colony, contributed so largely to that prosperity which has since ripened to such a degree of luxuriance, that even the exorbitant exactions ot the now tottei ing throne of Old Spain, cannot check its growlh, the chieC weight of spraining the expensive and corrupt dynasty which suc ceeded to the throne of Frederick andlsabeiku, has fallen upon Cuba, whose enormous contri- butions to the treasury of the Mother Country have preserved its Government, on more than one occasion, from utter bankruptcy and down fall. But, strong as are the old affections and ties of Cuba for the Mother Country, her peo ple are not blind to the present uncertain aspect ot offairs. When the old household is about to be broken up—when its foundation shakes, and its turrets topple—when the earth around is cracked into gaping chasms, and many a proud edifice is seen to sink into the fathomless abyss ~jt tS .tjnjff , for each member of the family to take care of himself, to look out for a shelter and refuge. The Cubancros are not, more than the rest of humanity, devoid of selfishness—of the instinct of self-preservation. They see clearly that Spain must go by the board, like the rest of the Monarchies, and then they ap prehend a fate much more to be dreaded, or rather, far less desirable, than that of annexa tion to their nearest neighbor, and largest cus tomer, the United States. The threat made by Lord G. Bentinck, in the House of Commons, to appropriate Cuba in satisfaction of the Eng lish creditors of Spain, has justly alarmed the Cubancros . The fate of Jamaica has impress ed them with an awful dread of English govern ment. They have, consequently, deliberated upon the advantages of annexation to the Unit ed States ; and the agents of a powerful party organized for that purpose are now in this couu- try, with a view of bringing forward and can vassing the projet. So warm is their solicita tion on the subject, that they are prAml, we understand, to advocate the tender c mLbonus to j the United States, to induce us t uce them j under our protection. As much, Knot more j than we give for otfr Mexican possessions, al- 1 ready captured by our arms, the Cutaneros are willing to give as a marriage dowry to Brother Jonathan to induce him to wed the beautiful Queen of the Gulf. What portion of our family will t e willing to accept the tempting offer 1 that all sections of our Union are influentiwby self interest —by local considerations—we think that the North at least must perceive that its re sources would be vastly augmented-its strength increased—by the addition of Cuba to this Con federacy. The North would have the carrying trade—the supply of Cuba with manufactures, lumber, and the agricultural products not raised in that island ; and they would getyfe-return, cheaper sugar, coffee, cocoa, and flints. The South would receive little if any adrantacefrom the measure, whilst the interest ofyu-4aluable agricultural product of this region might be se riously affected by it. The great West would profit largely by the annexation of an Island where its chief products will always find area- i dy market. But the wealth of the whole U nion —and consequently, all its parts—would, no doubt, be greatly promoted by adding to our ter ritory this rich and productive Island. Possessed of Cuba, we have but one more ac quisition to make to give us command of the Gulf of Mexico, the Mediterranean dftlns Con tinent. Yucatan must be ours -tlNfciJuable country, abounding in rich vegeUdde fcJealth, and capable of sustaining a very cWtjjpfrable commerce. We might fairly take possession of this peninsula as a waif, treasure-trove, having no responsible owner or proprietor. The nak ed Indians who are now rapidly annihilating the whites, if they succeed in gaining complete possession of it, will soon sink this raluablc | State into barbarity and sterility; Ccntent to roam in the forest ?nd pursue a predatory life, these Ind ans, who are a cross breed ofxn infe rior race of aborigines and of negroes, posses sing none ol the intelligent and arniablf quali ties of the descendants of the Aztec are utterly unfit for any civilized political organization. President Polk and our Gwress are determined to interfere to provtff; the slaughter ofthe white population. SucVnter ference will prove the inevitable precursitfof an nexation. When the aid afforded by us tc the whites to enable them to make a temporary stand against the Indians is withdrawn it is not j probable that the latter will be the less ferocious and determined, or the tormer better prepared to meet the resumption of hostilities whi&jnust follow such withdrawal. The annexation of 1 ucatan to this Republic is affected the moment an American soldier is landed in that State witli a view to an interference in the struggle now going on between tho whites and°the blacks. With Jamaica, Cuba and Yucatan, the J/nited States will occupy a position like unto that of old Rome when, with the Pillars of Hercules on the West, Syria and Egypt on the East, Italy and Germania on the North, and Lybia and Carthage on the South—and thus commanding the great Marc Internum , she proudly claimed to be, and was universally recognized as, the Mistress of the World ! f Mr. Polk and life Pillow. The partizans of Mr. Polk have vainly en deavored to slur over the just charges against him, for the shameful partiality hkhas evinced towarand his to whom, it is stated, he is allied by marriage. If this report, however, is erroneous, therje can be no doubt as to the fact of their friendship, first commencing in the rural shades of Duck River, and only becoming more intimate as the unworthiness of the redoutable warrior becomes more glaringly conspicuous. The appointment of Gen. Pillow, in the first place, over the heads of veteran officers, to gratify his own personal partiality, was in itself an outrage on the part of Mr. Polk ; but the manner in which it was done, and the subsequent proceedings, render it still more outrageous and unwarrantable, Gen. Pillow was nominated by Mr. Polk during the recess of Congress, and his nomination has never yet been sent into Congress for cenfirma tion 1 f The reason why is obvious. iVjr. Polk fears that he would have been rejected by that j body, and therefore takes the responsibility of; withholding the name of his favorite, that he [• may enjoy the position and the pay of Major General. The matter has at last been brought before the Senate, and Mr. Allen has bad the hardihood to tell the Senate that “they lave no more right to ask tho President why he delays to make a nomination, than the President has to ask the Senate why they refuse to confiim it” ! Most Democratic doctrine truly! But the half has not been told. Mr. Trist’s testimony before the Court Martial shows the cotfidencc Mr. Polk desired him to repose in his friend— and that shameful act of forwarding ta Mexico for his use the very letters , which , on grounds of public policy , the President has wilhMdfrom Congress , gives a deeper die to th whole transaction. Those letters, it will be remem bered, Mr. Polk refused to communicate because the publication of them might retard the ratifi cation of the treaty by the Mexican Congress, yet these very letters he sends to his friead Pil low, to be used for his vindication at a public Court Martial in Mexico, while the Maxican Congress was in session. How can such acts be either explained or paliated 1 They carry their own condemnation with them, and show the real character of the present Administra tion utterly unscrupulous as to means-aiid tiramp- JiPg Ron AliMifefctfon g hifkaato Jcld sacred by the recipients of public trusts. We have wait ed in vain, to see the public sentiment on this subject fully expressed through the medium of the press, as it has been the theme of universal wonder and indignation with all right-thinking men, since the particulars were brought to light. Such acts, the press should sternly de nounce, if Congress does not; but the auda cious effrontery of this Administration seems to have paralyzed its free utterance, or such a se ries of outrageous acts as those perpetrated for s the sake of General Pillow, \yould not so long have escaped the” stern censure which they merit. Congress has at last moved in the mat ter, and Mr. Polk may yet find his Major Gene- ral a pillow of thorns for his own head—for the more the affair is sifted, the more unenviable is the position in which it places Mr. Polk. — Sav. Rep. The Nfw Magnetic Telegraph —AVe gave an account on Saturday of anew magnetic telegraph, by Mr. Bain, an English gentleman, which promises to supercede the telegraph of Professor Morse, and all others now in use, and for which a patent has been taken in England and applied for here. We since perceive that Mr. Amos Kendall publishes in the N, V, Jour nal of Commerce a letter jn which he claims for Professor Morse the originality of the invention of Mr. Bain’s telegraph, and states that the question of right is yet to be decided.— Balt. S u f t. From the Nashville (Ten.) Banner. The Union—'Tlie Tariff. An article of ours a few numbers back, on tho Tariff, seems to have distressed the Union very much. He thinks we are rejoiced at any depression in trade, or tightness in money mat ters. We quote from that paper : ‘•The Banner allows the tariff no credit for the prosperity of the country, which has been so marked since it went into operation ; but at tributes to it the slightest depression in trade or tightness in money matters. It revives at the last glimpse of*distress in the community, and gloats over the smallest indication of revulsion in trade.” Now, then, we hold it to be the duty of a public journalist to keep the business communi ty aware, from all the sources within his reach, of the true condition of trade, of financial mat ters, Ate., Ate. More than a year since, when we insisted that prices of produce must come down—that specie must be exported largely to pay for increased foreign imports, and that re vulsions in trade must follow, the people will re collect that the Union here then made the same charge and scouted at the arguments by which we sustained these views. It has turned out as I we sa *d it would. ‘Tight times’ are here, to the manifest shame and confusion of these bung ling prophets, and for lack of argument, after the farmers and business men of the communi ty have been so miserably deceived by the ad vocates of this abominable Pollc Tariff, still the same cry is raised, either to serve political ends, or from stupid short-sightedness. There is now, as all know, no chance to escape the responsibility. And let them raise a howl, whenever their character as political econo m:sts is assailed by tho exposure of the plain results of their policy, we shall continue to give our farming and mercantile friends due warn ing of what they have to expect so long as the policy we have taken occasion to condemn is persisted in by the party who have forced it up on the country. The community expect to be warned of the probable results by the press.— They know that as public journalists, we have means within our reach not enjoyed by the great masses of the community ; and whilst we would truly rejoice at a more favorable condi tion ot things, we shall, as in duty bound, keep them advised of what they must expect so tar as we have the means of doing it. So much for the paragraph we have quoted from the Union. We give another paragraph from tho same article ; “I he prosperity of the country since the pas sage ot the tariffof 1846, cannot be denied even by the Banner. Every branch of trade and commerce, every portion of the community, and every section of the country, has seen and felt the beneficial influence. The shipping inter est has increased as it has never before increas ed since the organization of our government ; the merchant has been blessed beyond his lar gest expectations : the farmer has filled his pockets with the proceeds of his grain, which have heretofore rotted in his granaries, and even the manufacturer has experienced a healthly im petus, indicated by the rapid increase of his business in every part of the Union. To these beneficial results, the tariff ha in nowise con tributed, according to the Banner ; but it is nevertheless responsible for the ‘tight times’— which the astounding convulsions in Europe and the consequent annihilation of every branch of trade, of wholly inadequate, according to the sa pient editor, to account for.” We had hoped that after the experience of last summer, by that party, of the utter folly of attempting to gull the people with the assertion vnat the Polk Tariff should be credited with the results justly to bo attributed to famine , wc should again see them attempt the same game. The people know that the Polk Tariff” had no more to do with these results, than it had in causing the bad weather which destroy ed the crops on the continent of Europo. We have quoted the above, merely to show the rea ders ot the Banner what that party will still do, when hard pushed, to sustain themselves ; for there is no necessity in the face of what has oc curred for an elaborate answer to it, in addition to what we have advanced dozens of times and months ago. The famine is over , and the de mand for grain has ceased ! The Polk Tariff’ will not now lift the corn out of the “granaries” ! as every farmer in Tennessee knows. It j no more whispers “fifty cents a bushel in each that rustles the leaves in. the green corn fields ” —(to quote the Union of last summer) — and yet the Tariffhas not been J-* disturbed .” “Astounding convulsions m Europe” cannot be ; appealed to for the “tight times” with the farm ers—is the legitimate result of large impor’s of foreign articles, and the exportation of the specie to pay for them, as every one knows, ad ded to the fact that they will not take our grain in payment as was promised on the part ot the advocates of the Polk Tariff. But the Union asks us—“ When, since the discovery of America has the country exported more, and that too of its native product, the growths of the soil than since the passage of the Tariff of 1846 ?” We may ask in turn— when has there ever been such a famine in Europe ? Every one knows that there never was a period in the his. torv of the world, when such a fearful visita tion swept those countries to such an extent. And whilst the result of this heavy exportation of food was to bring twenty odd millions of spe cie into the country, the demand from famine having ceased, it has been steadily going back again to the amount, (since it commenced) of more than half of all imported, in addition to the grain we have sent them to pay for their manu factures. We made “no mention of the $23,- OWbQOO imported,” because we had admitted the fact ofThese importations of specie, hereto fore, to the fifiJptßQtent ; and when we mention ed the “$3,123,27# n we mentioned only the amount exported since the\first. of the year, not the large amount which WjMit previous to that Whilst the Journal of Commerce and other free trade papers have been congratulating their readers upon the specie flowing to thaU City from the interior--whilst the “thousand streams” are taking their way to Wall Street, there to be concentrated in one to flow across the Atlantic, we are told that the difficulties amongst our business men here are unprece dented almost at the present time. Here is what the Chattanooga Gazette says in relation to the same matter : “An old and successful merchant of Georgia, now in our town says, that he ha#not seen the merchants of the interior of his State so troubled to raise money in thirty years. So far as our observation extends, it is about thp same case with the merchants of this State, and must lead to pressing the people for present dues, and a contraction of the credit system. This latter al ternative, although not altogether agreeable to many customers, is much best in the end fqr all concerned,” Here is another paragraph frprp the Georgia Journal & Messenger : Failures in Mobile. —“ The Montgomeiy pa pers present the condition of the Mobile mer chants at the present time, as being in an ex ceedingly critical position. Several failures! had already occurred among them, the houses ot Ilansell & Davis, Maulden Ac Terrell, and j E. L. Andrews As Cos. Mr. Andrews, in a fit ; of despondency, had unfortunately committed suicide.” Here is another array of facts, given by the Pittsburg Gazette in answer to tho Washington Union : “ Free Trade triumphant f The protective system exploded /” Such is the heading of an article in the “Union” of Sunday last, announc ing the fact that, the revenue ot the country will reach the estimates of the Secretary of the 1 reasury. As free trade is triumphant, we propose to examine the effect this success has had upon the prices of our agricultural products, that go to market via New Orleans. We pro pose to show that this success is demonstrated by a decline in this great source of national wealth, and stand upon the figures. See how the prices of leading articles of produce demonstrate the gain of the agricul tural interest, compared with the previous times. NEW ORLEANS PRICES. Mid. cotton, Ap. 12,’48 s|a6 Oc. 13,’47 10$a& Ci’npork “ “ Brine “ “ “ 7a74 “ l2a 12 V Beef M’s W’n “ llsal2 “ 17Jal8 Corn bu. “ 26a27 “ “ 50a60 He’p dew rot “ looalls “ 120 Lard lb. “ “ sa6£ “ “ B£al3 Liverpool fr’gt. Pork “ 4s6dasssd “ 12s Will the ‘Union’ show the people of the great valley of the Mississippi, and the immense territory dependent on New Orleans, to deter- I m * ne the value of their produce, how much they j have gained by the operation of free trade.- j Aou say your free trade put prices up, now ex plain why they are not kept up, by its trium phant operation. Is it strong at 11 months old and worthless at 6 months more ?” We give another item in regard to thd Iron interest trom the same paper : WAGES GIVING WAY IN THE IRON MILLS. The blow has fallen where we expected, and wages have been reduced in Pennsylvania Iron works. The Danville Intelligencer ot the 21st, says : “I he fires have been lighted up in the Mon tour Rolling Mill, and the work of making iron is again successfully under way in that large es tablishment. The Furnaces ot the Montour Company are likewise in full blast, turning out | more pig metal than is produced in any other j iron region in the United States.” | The workmen have been compelled to ac cept lower wages, as we have the authority of : the Pittsburg Post lor saying. The Journal says : “It happened that about the middle of March, we saw a statement of the true causes which led to the stoppage of the Montour Works.— j -l hey were somewhat similar to those existing here, and in addition to these the workmen were : tiot disposed to work at the same rates which I they received before the sudden rise of last year iin the price of iron. Theso tho employers were j not willing to give -they would give them em ployment at a proportionately lower rate of wa j Sc*-” Tho National Intelligencer says, the “Phcc ! nixville Rolling Mill recently fired up again, I the puddlers having agreed to go to work at three dollars and fifty cents per ton, instead of live dollars, formerly paid them. This is a re duction of nearly thirty percent.” This is a strange state of things from which ito argue prosperity. The Post says the mills | stopped because they had no work, added to a i difference of opinion between the employers j and workmen about Wages. The mills have i ’ started again at reduced wages, and this fact | j is called an improvement in the iron trade.— | Puddlers wages are down one dollar per ton in ! eastern mills and no great signs of improvement; ; other reductions must follow. Why does not the Post give its roaders the amount of iron ar riving at New York, “to prove that the iron in i terest of Pennsylvania, is not and cannot be ru j ined by the Tariff of 1846 /” We are inclin ed to think that if importing can ruin us, it is . in a fair way to be dmie. All this is conclusive enough. Famine, and i not the Polk “free trade” Tariff put up prices. ; That has ceased, and now the money goes ! abroad to pay tor the mass of calicoes, iron and i other articles precipitated upon us from Europe under the encouragement afforded by this abominable Polk Tariff. j ; . — , The Bill for the admission of the State of Wisconsin into the Union passed tho Hr,n<o of Representatives on Thursday last, and is now before the Senate. The following is a copy of the bill, as passed : A BILL for the admission of the Stale cf Wisconsin into the Union. Whereas the people of the Territory of Wis consin did, on the first day of February, eighteen hundred and forty-eight, by a convention of del egates called and assembled for that purpose, form for themselves a constitution and State Go vernment, which said constitution is republican, and said convention having asked the admis sion of said Territory into the Union as a State, on an equal footing with the original States : Be it enacted, dfc. That the State of Wiscon sin be and is hereby admitted to be one of the United States of America, and is hereby admit- I ted into the Union on an equal footing with! the original States, in all respects whatever, ! with the boundaries prescribed by the act of Congress approved August 6, 1846, entitled ‘ An act to enable the people of Wisconsin Ter ritory to form a Constitution and State Govern ment, and for the admission of such State into the Union. Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That tho assent of Congress is hereby given to the first, second, fourth and fifth resolutions adopted by said convention and appended to said constitu tion, and the acts of Congress referred to in the said resolutions are hereby amended, so that the lands granted by the provisions of the several acts referred to in the said first and fourth res oluticShg, and the proceeds of said lands and the five per centum of the nett proceeds of the pub lic fnentioned, shall bo held and disposed of by said state in the manner and for the purpose recommljjaded by said convention, and so that, also, the lgbds reserved to the Uni ted States by the the act entitled “An act to grant a quantity .of land to aid in the improvement of the F&lLand Wisconsin rivers, and to connect the in the Territory of Wisconsin; and also the even numbered sections reserved by the provisions of the act entitled “ An act to grant a of land to the Territory of Wisconsin for mb purpose of aiding in opening a canal to connell the waters ot Lake Michigan with those or Ropjf rjver,” shall be ofFered for sale a* lh® same minimum price and subject to the same rights of pre-emption as other public lands of thp United States : Provided, however , That pp person shall he entitled to a pre-emptjon hy rear son of the settlement and cultivation of any quarter section pr other sub-division of said pypp numbered sections, which tract, before the coqupeucemept of such settlenjeut, shall have been claimed by any otherpPl|| ting and improving.the same in which shall have continued to be claimed, culti* rated, and improved in like good faith by such person, his representatives or assigns until the sale of said tract, and of which said prior claim, cultivation, and improvement tho person so claiming pre-emption shall have not notice at the time of his entry and settlement. Neither shall any pre-emption be allowed to any tract to the injury of any person, or of the representa tives or assigns of any person claiming and oc cupying the same, or any part thereof, in good faith, in his or her right at the passage of this act, and owning valuable cultivation or improve, ments shall have been assigned by the person so claiming pre-emption, or, if commenced sub sequently to the entry and settlement of such person, shall have been made with his consent or acquiescence. Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That the purchase of any tract of the said even number ed sections mentioned in the preceding section, and sold since the reservation thereof, at the minimum price of two dollars and fifty cents per acre, shall be entitled to receive from tho Commissioner of the General Land (Office a certificate of the quantity of land so purchased and of the amount of the excess paid therefor, over and above the value of said land, at tho rate of one dollar and twenty.fi vc cents per acre, which certificate, to the amount of such excess, shall be receivable from the holder thereof or his assigns, in like manner as so much money, inpayment ot the public lands of the United States, That, in the event of the death of any such purchaser before the issuing of such cer tificate, the same shall be issued in favor of tlw lawful representatives of such purchaser. Sec. 4. Arid be it further enacted , That the judge of the district court for the district of Wis consin shall hold a term of said court in each year at the seat of Government, to commence on the first Monday of July, and another term of said court in each year at Milwaukie, to commence on the first Monday in January. He shall also have power to hold spec al terms for the trial of causes, and for the determination of all suits or proceedings in said courts, at ci ther of the aforesaid places, at his discretion, as the nature and the amount of the business may require. Ihe said court shall be open at all times tor the purpose ot hearing and deciding cases o( admiralty and maritime jurisdiction, so far as the same can be done without injury. I be records of said court may be kept at either of the places herein designated for the holding of said co irt, as the judge in his discretion shall direct. j Sec. 5. And be it further enacted , That the clerks ot the district courts of the Territory of Wisconsin shall, before their term of office ex pires, certify under seal, and transmit to tin? clerk of said court, all records of unsatisfied I judgments and ot suits pending in said courts respectively, attaching thereto all papers con nected therewith in all cases arising under the laws or constitution ot the United States, or to j which the United States shall be a parly ; and they shall forward the same to the clerk .of saiil oistrict court of the State of Wisconsin, who shall enter the same in his docket, and the said district court shall proceed therein to final judgment and execution, as if such suit or pro ceedings had originally been brought in said court. Sec. 6. And be it further enacted , That tho clerk of the Supreme Court of the Territory of Wisconsin shall deliver over to the clerk ofsairl district court all records and papers in the off. fice of the clerk, of the said Supreme Court re lating to proceedings in bankrupt” under the late bankrupt law of the United States. 110 i slial l also certify under seal, and deliver to said ; clerk all records of judgments and of proceedings 1 hi suits pending, and all papers connected there* | Wlt, b 111 cas s arising under the constitution ; and laws of the United States. ; Sec. 7. And be it further enacted, That | from ami alter the fourth of March, eighteen hundred and forty-nine, and until another cen j sus R,lt l appointment shall be made, the State jof Wisconsin shall be entitled to three repre sentatives in the Congress oftbe United States. Memphis, Tennessee, has a population of 10 or 12,000 souls. Ten years ago. U had not more than 2000 souls; its Lade and and busi ness have increased as rapidly as its population. ! I has a commerce of upwards of so,ooo t oQo j per annum. It exports this year some 140,000 j bales of cotton ; ten years ago it did not ship over 20,000 bales. The revenue of the City i proper is about $30.00(1 annually; ten years ago it was S3OOO, and it has run up to $36,- ; 000 without an increase in the rate of taxation —and by simple augmentation in value of pro perty and commerce. They have two Metho dist churches ; two Presbyterian ; two Baptist; one Episcopal; one Cumberland Presb) terian; one Universalist, and one Catholic church, the most of which arc buildings of character ,archi tectural in proportion and substantial in con. struction; and some of them would be cred itable in any city in the Union. They have two Banks, branches of the Union and Planters’ Bank of Nashville. There are three insuiance offices—one of them an independent institution, and two agencies. All doing a large and profit able business. They have two Medical Col leges—one of them botanic—both have respect able classes, with promise of entire success.— It is said another Medical School will be organ ized by the next season ; with a law school, and a commercial department. They have the University of Memphis, and Female Academy. There are two steam-mills in the city, and others coniigious. The United States have an arsenal building and a navy yarde at this place. There are two whig pa pers, two democratic, two medical journals, a temperance paper, and a religious journal.—. There arc four daily papers published in Mem-, phis, and each one is well supported, we bdigy#. They have a chancery court, and the Criminal, and Commercial court. There ava five ho tels. The City of Memphis has a City Council composed of e Mayor and ten Aldermen, being divided into five wards; each ward choosing two Aldermen. The Recorder, City Marshall, tax rollector, Whaif Master and all other offi cers of the city are elected by the Council.— ; Mayor’s salary, SIOOO per annum. The debt of the city above itsungpllected dues—independ ent of the of the present year-r—. about s!g(hdoo, it is perhaps a little less. Lpds which were sold years ago for SIOO amrless, will now command SIO,OQQ and up' t wards. A splendid Building is no\y going up }p the centre oftjie city, with suitable tor ppblic uses.-— Memphis Herald. Mississippi.— The Whig Conventipp, which met at Natphez, on the Ist, appointed the foliqw ing gentlemen as delegates to the Whig Na tional Convention, \vith instructions to vote for. pen- Tayloy: Hon. Pat W. Tompkins, Henry P. Duncan, Robprt M. Ayres, G. B. Shields. Esqs., apd Dr. Jatpes Metcalfe. *