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THE OGLETHORPE ECHO.
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Farm Songs.
i.
Oh list to the song oi the farmer
As he plya the Ikitiiiul flail,
Now a hum ol song, then a strain bright and
glad
When the aultry air grows warmer.
In cities we fly o’er the sturdy steel rail,
4 Great ocean’s outdone by the mart and
the sail—
JJut our songs and our measures
Are not half the treasures
That the larmer doth sing when’ his heart
would grow sad.
11.
Gently as sweetly, the ballad so lree
Steals o’er the meadow to gladden the lea—
For the milk maiden’s ecstasies seek the wide
sea,
“ Doth my loved one watch and dream but ol
me V*
Yes, maiden more lair
Than your song on the air,
Your sailor so proud in his dreams doth behold
Your song at the door, and your hair bright as
K<>ld,
And sadly he wakes -lor he’s still far from thee
in.
JJut what is the song ol the housewiie so gay
As she sits and she knits when the day wears
away ?
In luture’s bright cloud
She seeth no shroud,
But riches and power and wisdom combined,
A wails her true sons, O how light is her mind?
For Science waits Will !
And Latin seeks Phil!
So light is her heart as she lories lor that day
—Albert K. Wheeler, in Albany Argus.
MAXWELL’S IDEA.
The village of Weston constats of one
main street, where stand the churches,
the town hall, postoiliee, and sundry
feeble-minded stores. There are noble
elms, a wide road, and a few pretty
houses. The better class of dwellings
are on the hillside beyond the railroad,
or to the north, on the meadows. By
day a sleepy place; at night every house
is tilled with city people sound asleep.
The people live here, but their hearts
are in the town. Every hoy looks for
ward to the time when he shall join the
pilgrims to the city and a store, To go
into an otlice or store in Boston is the
only thing for a young man to do. He
must have business in town or lose
caste.
Tom Maxwell had the misfortune to
lie horn in Weston, and early imbibed its
peculiar notions concerning life and the
thing to do. For instance, no young
gentleman must work with his hands;
he must not go into a retail store; he
must dress well, be able to take part in
the Lyceum debates, and lie must not on
any account stay in the village during
the day. Unless he could do all this, lie
had better remove to New York or
Chicago, and dwell among the enlight
ened in outer darkness.
Tom had secured a place as accountant
in a wholesale grocery house, and was
considered a lucky fellow. He had a
small property of hta own, and he had
fallen in love. The Object bad even said
she would some day wear his name. She
wore his diamond ring already.
Suddenly Tom Maxwell appeared at
the village station at eleven o’clock in
the morning, and in an hour it was
known of all women that the wholesale
grocery concern had failed. The Object
knew it first, and straightway all knew
it.
Of course the engagement would come
ti> an immediate end. There was not the
least fuss about it. Weston prides itself
its dignified serenity under trials. It
stopped, and that was the end of it.
The ne\| day Tom had a diamond ring
on storage at bis rooms.
Thereupon the young man sat down to
consider the situation. He was noW
twenty-two, had a good general educa
tion, and didn't know anything very
well. His hands were soft; he knew
how li> dance; he could sing tolerably
and paint a little; he could not dig,
neither could Its steal. He was, in fact,
a fair sample of the Weston young gen
tleman.
lit! also considered the situation from
a lover’s point of .view. Hew we have
no right to intrude, and we must learn
It is thoughts from his actions.
For several days lie wandered around
in the open air, easting about to see
what he might do, hut really curing his
heart wound in silent contemplation of
nature. Herein was he doubly wise. In
a moment of inspiration lie thought of
emigrating to New York. Other fellows
had gone there, and had made money;
why not he? He even investigated the
expense of the journey; but something
stood in the way. He loved the Object
still.
One day he happened to pass through
the main street at high noon. There
was not a soul to be seen in all the
drowsy place. Some stray hens gathered
round the overflowing water-trough be
fore the chief store, and a solitary cow
cropped the grass along the sidewalk.
He was a trifle hungry, and went up the
decayed and broken steps of the store to
purchase a lunch. The door was looked,
and he peered in at the dirty windows.
Was it here the housekeepers of Weston
bought their sugars and molasses, their
teas and spices? He felt glad he had not
known it before. What a horrible
place! Dark, dingy,confused with half
opened boxes and barrels, a broken scale
on the counter, rows of fly-specked bot
tles on the shelves, confusion and dis
order everywhere.
Just then a man in shirt sleeves and
frowzy hair appeared and opened the
door. Tom asked for bread and cheese.
He paid for something, took it away in a
newspaper, and charitably bestowed the
whole of it upon the ancient liens in the
street.
It was a good investment. With the
purchase lie gained an idea. Ideas are
money to the wise, and Tom Maxwell
was wise above his generation. He
looked up and down the sleepy street,
and contemplated the three establish
ments that supported the village needs:
one variety place, where nails, needles
and dried fish found a home: one
butcher's shop—a horrid den, full of
unspeakable abominations; and the dis
mal grocery.
The idea grew upon him rapidly, lie
considered It two days, and then re
solved to try it. Little did lie imagine
the immense social changes his decision
would involve. How could he foresee
the slights, the sneers and insulting con
descension that would be bestowed upon
him? Hs saw nothing, not even the
outixune of his love expedience that
would spring from his new- idea.
The following week the village ear
tenter received an order to turn the
ower story of the old Allen mansion
nto something new—wiiat, he could not
exactly comprehend. There were to be
two immense windows, with a wide
door opening into a parlor. Behind this
were to be two large rooms, and in front
there was to be a wide piazza, with
ample canopy and broad steps, and with
spaces for flower borders on either side.
v'he news spread quickly through the
village. Everybody knew that Tom
Maxwell hail embarked in some insane
scheme, and was tearing the Allen man
sion to pieces. Poor boy! his sad love
experience had injured his mind. He
was throwing his money away. His
friends should interfere and save him
from ruin. At night the returning mer
chants paused before the dismantled
mansion, and wondered what new folly
h.vi broken loose in the town.
Maxwell heard of these things, and
the next morning a high board fem e
shut the work from view. This only
excited the greater curiosity. Every
female tongue wagged fast over Tom's
consummate folly. What did he intend
to do? Was it a house, theatre, shop or
studio?
Oglethorpe Echo.
By T. L. GANTT,
Weeks passed. There was much ham
mering behind the high fence. Then
came the si.ent painters; and lastly one
night two huge wagons unloaded sundry
boxes and barrels at the door. The
same evening every family in the village,
and in all the villages round about, ro
eeived a polite invitation to inspect, on
the following night, the new establish
ment.
The next afternoon at half past six
the carpenters pulled down the high
fence, and displayed —welj, it could not
he cal led anything. Ndthing like it had
ever been seen in the world—at least so
they said ; hut then Weston sight never
extends beyond Boston.
There was in front a neat garden witli
a graveled walk. At one side the road
passed close to the steps, so that carriages
came directly to the piazza. Two im
mense plate-glass windows and a double
door filled the entire front of the lower
part of the building. Over the door was
a simple sign, or card: “Thomas Max
well.” Through the windows could be
seen tables spread with white covers, and
laid with dishes of the most delicate dried
fruit, golden butter, bread, cake, every
thing that could delight the heart of the
housekeeper. The door opened upon a
parlor, carpeted and furnished with
numerous chairs and small tables. Near
ly every table had some choice display
of tilings desirable in agastronomic sense.
A tea-urn graced one corner, and beside
it stood a coftee-urn, while on the table
before it were cups, sugar and spoons.
Two doors at the back led to large rooms
completely filled with tables loaded with
foreign and domestic groceries. No
counters, no shelves, not a tiling to sug
gest a store. English neatness, Parisian
elegance in arrangement, American con
venience everywhere.
A pretty girl (from Boston) sat by the
door to receive the guests. Two stout
young fellows (from Maine) were ready
m the rear room, and Maxwell himself
sat by tiie tea-urn. By seven o’clock
they began to come. At eight o’oiock
there were twenty carriages at the door.
At half-past eight there were more than
a hundred, and the place was packed.
The whole affair was a surprise. Wes
ton did not know what to do, whether
to applaud or laugh— or cry. It was not
a lunch, for not a thing was offered; it
was not a party, for there were neither
cards nor dancing; nor a reception, for
nobody received. .Maxwell welcomed
everybody politely, and bade them ex
amine freely.
They did. They did more: they com
mented with most refreshing freedom.
Some said it was a joke; nay, it is an
occasion for grave remonstrance. The
poor young man had lost liis mind. A
few older heads said it might be a good
speculation, hut not one said a single
word of approval, or even encourage
ment.
At ten o’clock Tom Maxwell closed up
the place and went home. He could not
exactly describe it, but he felt it —an in
definable something, a shadow, as it lie
had passed under a cloud. The next day
it was clear enough. He had stepped
into a social cold hath.
In ruder civilizations peoples showed
their disapproval by quietly burning off
the offending party, or they tore down
his house or exiled him, or, in the
modern English fashion, they broke Jtis
windows. Nothing of this happened to
Maxwell. None the less sharp and
effectual were the arms used against the
social offender.
They spoke to him when they must,
hut— No need to describe it in detail.
He had totally lost position. Days and
nights pissed. There was a reception on
Walnut street; he was not invited.
There was a German on the hill: lie re
ceived no card. At church they nodded
distantly; no more. He satin his pew,
pale, with compressed lips, and an un
spoken prayer on his tongue. The
preacher said, “Forgive your enemies,”
and he resolved lie would.
Day by day it grew worse. Acquaint
ances became strangers; friends became
acquaintances. The Object passed him
in the way as one would a total stranger.
He had become—what? Tn the bitter
ness of liis heart lie cried out that all
men were cruel, all women selfish and
hard of heart, lie bit liis lips to repress
the mingled tears and mortification.
Wlmt had he done? Was he not a man
doing a man’s work?
Work! Ah! that was the tiling. He
would work, and forget these creatures.
The first day the store was open the
entire sales amounted to one dollar and
a half. A carriage from Poltliam had
stopped at the door. Two ladies had
entered the store—strangers and ladies.
They were lost in admiration. It is a
better Regent street, an improved Broad
way, a very Palais Royal. They emptied
their pocketbooks on the counter Such
excellent goods, and reasonable prices !
They would call again and bring all their
friends.
Not a single resident of the village en
tered the place all day. The following
day was Saturday. It rained hard, and
in the afternoon three people came in
for sundry goods. One lady made out
quite an order, and asked that it be put
on the books. Maxwell respectfully de
clined. His dealings were for cash alone.
The lady—otherwise person—gave him
a withering look, and declared she had
never been so insulted in her life, and
marched out. leaving the goods behind
her. The others paid cash, and went
away more than pleased at the prices
asked. They had never obtained such
prices before.
Ths next day fourteen carriages came
from Poltham. Two came from Koburn
dalo, and one from Newville. The cash
business done amounted to $275.50 for
the week. The next week it doubled.
The week after it doubled again. The
fourth week Maxwell had to consider
the purchase of anew team to deliver
the goods.
Six months passed, and the business
of the store exceeded the business of all
the other stores combined. One of them
had failed, and the other had actually
been si-rubbed and painted. Such is the
force of example. And still the wonder
grew. Weston has a thrifty mind. It
can see a cent in a bargain with Hol
landish clearness. The Maxwell svstem
was accepted fully. It was delightful
to visit a drawing-room, to have a pret
ty girl make a cup of tea for you. Av,
twenty cups if you wished; and having
tasted, you could buy with knowledge.
Hid you wish olives, figs, sugars, cheese,
or bread? Sit down and try them.
This is so much, that so much. These
are the samples. Eat, test, ponder, and
select. You cannot sec the goods; food
in the mass is essentially vulgar. Select
and pay. The goods will be delivered
according to sample. No one was ever
permitted to pass beyond the parlor.
Within the interior rooms the packers
filled the orders with neatness, dispatch
and silence.
Hid the purchaser wish flour? The
pretty girl brought a tray frill of sam
ples, with plates and water. One could j
make a dough, and even try it in a gas ]
oven, if desired. Oil was shown bum-I
ing in lamps; this light is so much a
gallon, that scrmuch, and so on from
lamp to lamp.
Trie store was a reception-room, shop
ping a social tea-tasting, with a gentle- !
man to preside. Maxwell took the or
ders welcomed the arriving guests, took
the cash, and bade good-speed to part
ing friends. They came as buyers, and
departed feeling themselves gueifs.
At home, everything turned out ex
actly according to sample, in more than
liberal measure, and in the most ex
j quisite order, the verv team being care
fully covered with white cloths. No un
i couth youth begged for orders at the
i door: no collector rang a dunning bell.
The heathen builds a temple to his
gods in prineely splendor, ana it is said
lie pays for the orork thereon. The
j Christian s church is often in debt. So
it was at \\ eston. TheFirstChurch was
about to be closed on account of the un
paid interest on its debt. It was a mat
; ter of great grief to the hnndfpl of peo
ple who attended there, and they met at
- the church in solemn and unhappy mood
THE ONLY PAPER IN ONE OF THE LARGEST, MOST INTELLIGENT AND WEALTHIEST COUNTIES IN GEORGIA.
one stormy Saturday night to delilierate
oyer the impossible. In the midst of the
dismal proceedings a small girl timidly
opened the door and looked in. She had
a letter for the clerk of the society. Some
body took it, and she disappeared. The
clerk opened the letter, and there fell out
a piece of paper, crisp and rustling. The
clerk glanced at the note, and, picking
up the paper, thrust it quickly, into his
pocket. Curiosity was aroused, and
someone asked wliat it meant. A check.
Oh, marvelous! A check for the overdue
interest—s 493.63. Whose cheek? The
clerk said the matter was to be confi
dential. The meeting broke up in joyful
mood. The church was safe for the
present. That night the clerk’s wife
knew it. On the Sabbath everybody
knew it. The check was signed “ Thomas
Maxwell.”
Did it make any difference? Not at all.
He was still “the groceryman.” Beings
of a fine mold could receive hta gift, but
could not receive him. They even re
sented it as a piece of presumption. He
had only half of a hired pew in the back
row, were he sat every Sunday with the
sexton’s daughters. They did send a
vote of thanks, hut it came by mail. Not
a soul spoke to him about it save the old
minister. Some said it was a bid for
trade.
Shortly after this the fire-engine house
took fire, in derision, and ingloriously
burned down. The next morning the
village carpenter was hard at work haul
ing lumber to the ruins. The fire com
pany, a volunteer association, composed
chiefly of working-men and young me
chanics, said, “Wherefore do ye this?”
And straightway he said, in the language
of the period, “Maxwell gim me the
order, cash on the nail.” Thereupon
they went with one accord to the grocery
store and gave three cheers for the pro
prietor. Persons of fine mold said.
“ Another hid for trade.” Maxwell
heard thereof, and thought it over.
Every man of the fire company was
already a customer. Moreover, nine
tenths of his trade came from other
towns and villages.
Time xvent on, and the new idea in the
grocery line flourished mightily. It was
the wonder of the trade, and dealers
came from afar to see how the tiling was
done. Sensible fathers from the city
came with requests that their sons tie
taught the new business. It was anew
business, for the grocery-man ol the
period knew none of these things. Peo
ple patronized him because they must
They came to Maxwell’s because it was
a pleasure. They came, and saw, and
bought much, for the business was
founded on a recognized law of human
nature.
Meanwhile the Object lived on and on,
apparently indifferent, but really keenly
alive to all. She attended parties and re
ceptions, and heard people speak of Max
well only in slight and contempt, and
she heard it all in cowardly silence.
At last her eyes wore opened. She
was put on some charity committee in
the church to visit the poor, and, to the
surprise of all, 'she really did so, which
was unusual for a committee-woman.
Everywhere before her had gone another.
He had thought his ways unknown, but
the widow and fatherless were garrulous
in his praise. She came back a wiser and
happier woman.
That night there was a reception at one
of the most fashionable houses. The
parlor was full when she entered, and
she made her way slowly to the side of
the hostess. Just as she stood by the
hostess, at the head of the room, a young
male person, in the wliolesale'milliner y
line, remarked that some person’s doings
were quite on a level with Maxwell’s.
“ What do mean by that?” said aclear
soprano beside him.
A sudden liush fell on the room.
“ I mean that a man who would do
that is not fit to enter society. He is as
as low down as Maxwell the grocery
man, and such cattle.”
Thereupon there was a general laugh
through the room. Why the people
should laugh xvas not clear. It pro
duced, lioxvever, a surprising effect.
“Mr. Maxwell is a gentleman xvhom
you can well afford to uattern.”
At once there was another laugh, but
in a different key.
“Thank you, miss. I never consider
such creatures.”
“It were wiser in you if you did. Mr.
Maxwell is a Christian gentleman and a
man—who paid the interest on the
church debt; who rebuilt the engine
house; who gave the new hooks to the
library; who helped the xvidow Valen
tine; xvho helped the Frost family in
their distress; who saved the Clarks
from positive starvation; xvho lias been
a frieiyAta to the helpless; who laid out
the litfe*|>ark at the corner-—”
“ Who’ keeps a grocery store,” put in
the male person.
At this some laughed, but there was
a ivell-defined murmur of dissent, and
the laugh died axvay.
“ Who taught you to keep a store hon
estly ; who has home slights and insults
because he chose to do a man’s work in
the world; who—”
She was only a woman. She did not
finish the sentence, for she actually
fainted axvay, and would have fallen
had not the male person caught her.
Never had there been a greater st nsation
in Weston. The ladies gathered near,
with salts and words of sympathy. The
men stood apart in silence, for they were
ashamed.
Avery small female person, xvho had
been known to cast greedy eyes in a cer
tain direction, said spitefully, “ Oh yes;
it’s xvell enough noxv he is rich.”
The Object revived just in time to hear
this, and said to the small creature, “ I
have been a fool —like the rest.”
Here xvas a fine state of affairs. Max
well rich, and publicly defended by one
of the most fashionable girls in the town.
He must be cultivated. Within a week
he received a dozen inx’itations to teas,
dances, kettledrums and receptions. He
smiled to himself at each, and refused
them all with thanks.
The news of the Object’s bold defence
came to him quickly. Was she the ob
ect still? Of that there was no doubt.
Did she care for him? It might be, and
yet what could lie do? He canvassed
the whole ground, and wisely resolved
to do nothing.
Events gallop in these days. There
came one to tlie village who seemed a
man of the world. He asked for Max
well’s store, and was shown the parlors
on Main street. He stood before the
place and gazed and gazed. Then he
went in, and asked permission to sit
a while and observe the trade. He sat
there three hours. Then, in a lull in the
business, lie rose and said to Maxwell,
“ Young man. this will not do. You are
hiding your ideas under a bushel. Come
out into the world where you will be
recognized. I’m not a man of words,
but if half a million will help you to
open a dozen stores of this kin a in Chi
cago, Milwaukee, Columbus, Louisville,
Omaha. San Francisco, or where else
you wish. I'm vour man. Will you go?”
“Yes, sir. If everything is correct.”
_ “ Everything is correct. There are my
card
my lawyer and the papers.”
Thereupon he presented his card, and
withdrew. The next day the store had
changed hands, for there were parties
already waiting to buy it. The evening
train that connects with the Western ex
! press stopped at the little station and
took up a young lady :uid gentleman.
The few people who. stood near smiled
! in that friendly way bestowed on people
about to be married, and then they were
! gone. The train pulled slowly out of the
town, and a young lady, fair to see.lean-
I ed out of the window and said:
! “ Good-by, little village. I love you,
: because you are an excellent place to
I emigrate from.” Then she turned to her
' companion and said, “lam glad, Tom,
we art- going out into the great world.”
“ So am I. for it is God's w orld wher
! ever we go.”
The new man ran the store just six
! months, and failed. He was only a
l grocervman, with a grocery man's nar
row views. His failure was perfectly
> logical.---harper’s Bcuar.
LEXINGTON, GEORGIA, FRIDAY, JUNE 20, 1870.
FARM, GARDEN, AND HOUSEHOfiD.
Manure for the Garden.
The garden is indispensable for every
well-regulated country family; but to
have a good and productive garden the
ami must be kept in a proper state of fer
tility. The frequent stirring of the soil,
its constant exposure to the sun during
the summer, and often double cropping,
is very exhaustive, and unless it receives
copious dressings with some appropriate
fertilizer, the land must soon become
poor—too poor to produce Jgood crops.
In applying a fertilizer, we should first
consider the character of the soil. If
sandy, lime should be used with other
ingredients; if a stiff, heavy clay, then
wood ashes, chip manure or sand, used
with the other ingredients. Fresh barn
yard or stable manure is not good under
any circumstances. If the summer
should he a dry one, the vegetables xvill
be hard and dry, and may eventually
burn up. If wet, they grow too rank,
and arc soft and spongy.
As barnyard manure is not suitable,'
composts should he used. In some part
of the garden, or other convenient place,
make ae< mpost heap. When the place
is selected,. with the hoe or shovel make
it hollow in the.middle by putting the
soil around the outside, to keep the com
post from wasting. As the garden is
cultivated, rake up all the weeds, dress
ings of the beds and trimmings of the
borders, and throw them on the compost
heap. The pea, bean, cucumber anti
tomato vines, the diseased beat and cab
bage leaves, and all other leaves and
weeds, should be thrown there. If the
garden spot is a heavy clay, all the wood
ashes, either leached or unleached, when
thrown out, should go on the compost;
all the sweepings of the kitchen door
yard, the cleanings of the house, the
chimneys and cellar; the grass on the
lawn, if mown with a scythe, should iro
to the compost heap. Late in the fall
add to the heap a couple of bushels of
the droppings from the chicken-roost,
and a load or two of manure from the
cow-stable. . If a load or two of muck
can be obtained from a swamp or bog,
and applied, it will add greatly to the
quality of the compost.
Immediately after the first thaw of
winter or early spring, fork over the
compost heap, and if the garden soil is
sandy, add to the heap half a barrel of
lime and half a bushel of salt, mixing
them well with the compost; then bank
the whole in a close heap, and throw on
a little soil tojprevent the escape of t lie
ammonia. AVhen the season arrives for
making garden, spade up the ground
deeply, thoroughly incorporate the coin
post with the soil, plant the seed and
give good culture, and you xvill he amply
rewarded with an extra crop of vegeta
bles of superior quality. l>o not think
it too much trouble to make a compost
heap It is not half as much trouble as
some may suppose, and a garden in this
xvav may be kept clean xvith one-half the
labor than if fertilized with common
stable manure.— G. F. N. in Country
Gentleman.
Plowlns; in Crop# a# Manure.
A large number of farmers are unable
to understand how it is possible to better
the condition of lands by plowing in
clover, rye, buckwheat, etc., in a green
condition. The difficulty is in compre
hending methods by which crops that
are supposed to draw their sustenance
fromftlie soil in which they grow can re
turn anything more to the soil than they
take away in their growth. The point
is cleared up when it is known that all
plants draw nourishment from the at
mosphere as well as from the soil, and
this is one source of gain. While the
leaves are accumulating stores of fertility
from the air, the roots are busy search
ing for it in the soil, and thus the two
distinct parts of plants work together.
It is probable that crops absorb in some
way nitrogen from the atmosphere; at
least, it has never been satisfactorily
proved that they do not, and lienee from
that source one of the most valuable of
the various forms of plant footl may hi#
derived. If this point is in doubt, it is
certain that the leaves gather from the
atmosphere the elements of organic mat
ter, and organize them so as to form the
the great body of the plant; and when
we turn under the clover it leaves its
organic matter in the soil, and this is in
an important sense manure.
But the excellent effects of plowing
under clover or otlior green crops are
not due alone to elements of fertility ob
tained from air. The great deep-pcnc
trating roots go to a point lower than
most of the cereals, and lienee they draw
. supplies of mineral food from sources in
accessible to other valuable plants; and
further, it is to be observed that these
roots of coarse texture disintegrate and
loosen the soil, so that air is let in, and
in some sense the work of the plow is
performed by them. When these roots
decay, they form a considerable portion
of organic or vegetable matter, which,
combined with the mineral, gives a good
compost for better plants to thrive in.
• From these brief considerations it will
readily be seen how it is possible to
manure land by plowing in green crops;
and we will here remark that is a prac
tice not often followed by our husband
men. The clover is perhaps the best of
all the plants for green manuring, and it
is easily and cheaply raised. A thin
dressing of superphosphate (home-made)
will almost give a heavy crop of clover
on common land, and this crop turned
under, when at its maturity, and allow
ed to dec-av, brings it into good tilth,
and certainly affords to the farmer a wide
margin for profit in successive crops.—
■Journal of Chemistry.
(•ftl'den Peas.
When an early crop of peas is desired
tlie planting should be made in the spring
in a warm, dry situation. As early as
tlie ground ean be worked select a light
good soil, not too rich. When practica
ble it is always better to plant in ground
manured tlie year previous that the peas
may not grow too much straw. If ne
cessary to fertilize, however, just before
planting apply thoroughly decomposed
manure.
The usual mode is to sow in drills
three feet apart for the earlier sorts anil
about five feet for the later and larger
varieties, which thrive better at a greater
distance. This arrangement furthermore
gives space for planting some low-crow
ing vegetable between. Peas should be
kept clean and earthed up tw ice during
their growth. From one and a half to
two bushels of seed are required to the
acre, according to their habits of growth.
Early peas in drills take about one and a
half bushels, while marrowfat peas in
drills require one-fourth of a bushel less.
Peas sown broadcast ca’l for an extra
amount, three bushels being the rule.
One quart of the smaller sorts will sow
say 120 feet and of the larger kinds 200
feet in the drill. For a succession plant
every two weeks. In dry weather it is
advisable to soak the peas a few hours
previous to planting, and if the ground
is dry wetting them in the drills wil.
prove beneficial.
The height to which all peas grow de
pendsjin great measure on the richness of
the soil and the wet or dry season.
Varieties requiring it should be bushed
when about six inches high. The Cham
pion of England, a favorite for the gen
eral and late crop because of its delicious
flavor and profuse yield, does not need
the same | amount of manure that low
growing kinds require. The little Gem,
an excellent early winkled variety, at
tains only about one foot in height and
tonsequently is a good kind in small
cardens where brush would be in the
way. In addition to the variety already
eeft rred to or a general crop is the Large
White Marrowfat, one of the oldest peas
in cultivation, and a favorite market
kind. It grows six feet high and bears
large pods well-filled. The Dwarf White
Marrowfat, as the name indicates, is
similar to the foregoing but of dwarf
habit, and on that account preferable for
small plats. The Marrowfat Black-
Eyed is also an excellent pea. either for
field or garden culture, and attain four
i feet in height.
wI Coining to extra early kinds are. La-
ton’s Alpha, McLean’s Little Gem, al
ready mentioned, and Bliss’s American
Wonder. This last variety is a cross be
tween the Champion and Little Gem,
containing the desirable qualities of each.’
It is numbered with the earliest of early
winkled peas in cultivation and grows
from ten to fifteen inches high. Phila
delphia Extra Early‘is a favorite market
pea in the Southern Stated. McLeans
Advance, a prolific dwarf sort, is also
counted among desirable early varieties,
though it is a little later than those men
tioned as being extra early. —New York
World.
Web Engineering.
On going round the garden this morn
ing, says a writer in Land and Water,
I perceived what seemed a small piece of
cheese apparently floating in the air
straight before me.'. On coming up to
it, I lound that it was suspended from a
spider’s web, which was spun right
across the path. One’s first hasty thought
was that this spider had found a piece
of cheese beloxv, and, takinga fancy to it,
was then drawing it up into its web to
eat it. Further examination, however,
showed that the substance was not
cheese, but a small pebble much resem
bling that edible, evidently taken from
the gravel walk beneath. There xvas
nothing for the spider to attach his web
to on the walk, so he had selected a
suitable stone to balance his xveb, which,
indeed,Jt did admirably, the web being
attached to trees on cither side of the
walk, and weighted below by the stone,
so as to be in nearly a perpendicular
position. The stone was connected with
the xveb by a threefold cord, the strands
of which were attached to different parts
of the stone. I visited the web two or
three hours after the spider had finished
it, and found that Ins ingenuity had
been rewarded, as the web contained,
besides a large fly, off which he was
dining, more small flies than I have ever
before seen in a web. Neither myself,
nor those of my friends to whom I
showed the web, have ever seen anything
of the kind before. Perhaps your readers
will he interested in such an example
of high instinct in a spider, and those
who are more versed in natural history
than myself may be able to remember
other examples of the same kind. That
the stability of the web depended upon
the xveight of the stone xvas shown xvlien
I put my hand under the latter. The
result was that as I raised my hand the
iower part of the xveb gradually col
lapsed, but xvhen the stone xvtts suffered
again to fall gently the web resumed its
proper shape. The web was about five
feet from the ground.
Spider engineering is a most interest
ing subject, and one that I have spent
hours in studying. I have worked out
niost of the problems in connection wit h
it, hut the weight dodge I have not as
yet been able to explain. Some spiders
will use ties; but others, of exactly the
same species, xvill use a weight although
the circumstances under which both
built apparently are similar. But hoxv
does the spider raise the weight? This
I could never explain to my satisfaction,
as some of the weights are so large that
it is scarcely possible they could lift them
by a “ dead lift.” Besides, they xvill
put on one, txvo or more weights in a
few hours before xvind, to fix tlieir
structures. The industry and ingenuity
oi the spider passes belief to afi those
xvho have seen them at work, hut no
more profitable day can he spent by a
young engineer than a day after a storm
m a path through the gorse watching
a spider reconstructing its web. This is
the legitimate way of seeing the xvork
done, but there are other dodges, such
as breaking down the web, and watching
the poor insects reconstruct them.
Food.
The use of food by different persons
should he regulated in quantity or char
acter. or to both, according to their ages,
their health and occupations, the seasons
and the climate in which they live,
i Milk is the only perfect food for in
fants. It is the best food for children
and youth up to the age of sixteen.
Old people are xveaker in their digestive
powers, partly because tlieir xvhole sys
tems arc weaker, and partly because of
their diminished muscular activity.
Their food should be less in quantity
than that used by younger persons, and
of easier digestion.
In summer and in warm climates less
food by one-third is needed, the tone of
the system being loxvered, and persons
thus being unable either to digest or to
assimilate as much as in xvinter and in
colder latitudes.
So also fat, sugar and starch—the latter
includes fine flour—being mainly heat
making elements, should be hut little
used in summer and in tropical regions,
and largely used in xvinter and in cold
climates. Corn-bread, which contains a
large per cent, of fat, is better adapted
for food in winter than in summer.
Shoemakers, tailors and people of
sedentary habits generally need less
food, and food that is more easily digest
ed, than the farmer and all persons who
work hard in the open air. Still, every
body should have enough of active exer
cise to be able to digest a generous diet.
A thinker needs a good supply of
brain food, such as is liberally furnished
in oatmeal; but he must not use his
brain at the expense of vigorous muscles,
for it is muscles that have to work not
only the stomach, hut the lungs and
heart.
The sick, of course, need food carefully
adapted to their particular condition,
and those who are not in full health
may greatly help themselves by rejecting
whatever they find injurious to them.—
Youth's Companion.
Bites of Spidery.
Spiders belong to the same class as
scorpions. Tlie poison-bags of the for
mer are connected with hook-shaped
mandibles in the anterior portions of
their bodies. The following are some of
the most important varieties of spiders:
The bird-spider, of South America,
with a body from two to two and a
half inches long; the scorpion-spider,
of Costa liiea; the Kirghees spider, only
about half an inch long, but having a
very virulent poison; the katipo spider,
of New Zealand; a spider found, and
much feared, in the south of France and
in Spain; the tarantula, of Italy, and the
great American spider. The last is one
of tlie largest, Except tlie back, the
whole body and tlie feet are covered
with long bushy hair.
The tarantula is specially famous for
the prevalent notion that its bite causes
delirium, during which the person bitten
does nothing but laugh, dance and skip
about in all sorts of extravagant pos
tures, The patient is said to be cured
only by music. The whole statement is
an imposition on travelers by peasants,
who, for a" few cents, let themselves be
bitten, and counterfeit the rest.
The bite of most of these spiders
causes speedy death in the smaller ani
mals : that of Kirghees even in large ani
mals, and sometimes in human beings,
about one in twenty-five of the latter
dying when bitten.
The best treatment for the bite of a
poisonous spider is to apply cold com
presses, ice, lead-water and amir.- . : to
withdraw the poison by • oupping
glass; to throw the patient into a sweat"
is desirable This can be done by hot
drinks.— Youth's Companion.
Kissing the Governor.
The Governor of California was making
one of his official visits to tlie Napa
Insane Asylum, and while passing
through one of tlie female wards was
introduced by the superintendent as
“Governor Irwin.” One of the pa
tients. a fat old lady, immediately took
him by the arm with the salutation:
“ How are you, governor? let’s take a
walk.” His excellency humored her for
a while, and then tried to . leave her.
“Not a bit of it,” said she, “you don’t
go until you have kissed me! - ’ And
rumor says that the governor was com’
polled to purchase his liberty at that
FOR THE FAIR SEX.
Fashions of the Season.
Waists, which are separated from the
skirts, whether matching the dress or
not. are cut very long in front, xvith
ends reaching nearly to the knees, and
cut up on the hips, to prevent the dress
from working up when sitting. This
style is mostly made for full xvalking
suits, which can in this way be worn
without over-garments.
Jackets xvith xvhite vests are worn.
As these x-ests must always be x'ery
white, they are made complete with a
back, like gentlemen’s vests, in order
that they can be changed as often as nec
essary. The jacket is no longer buttoned
in front, but is left open, and only
fastened xvith a hook on either side of
the vest.
Short dresses continue in favor. Among
these are Pompadour suits, which are
cut very short and have small draped
paniers in the back. Handsome silk
tissues do not require anything under the
Eanier to puli' them out, but woolen and
incy goods must have the addition oj
“ tournures,” xvith light springs, almost
flat, to support them. These must be
very small, and great moderation should
be observed in tlieir manufacture.
Among pretty designs for out-door and
home dresses of xvasli materials for
young girls are the yoke xvaists and yoke
basques. These are as fashionable as*
ever, and are very becoming to youthful,
slender figures. But this style should be
avoided by the stout, the middle-aged, or
elderly women, whether stout or slim.
There is no style more inelegant xvhen it
fails to come up to the requirements of
tiie best sort of a fit. Select a good pat
tern to begin with; the yoke must be
deep, both back and front, and fitted
neatly, so as to outline the top of the arm
and shoulder. It should also boas close
ly and perfectly fitted under the arm as
if the waist were plain; and if the pleats
extend over the laps in the basque form,
they should he graduated so as to admit
of a slight spring; at the back they may
be kept straight. Yoke blouses or basques
are suitable for ginghams, Madras
checks, percales, calicoes, laxvns and
linens. All yoke bodices are belted in.
This belt is now more fashionable xvlien
made of a strip of the material of the
dress than of ribbon or leather. Looped
hoxvs of the material or of ribbon may
be made to cover the point of fastening
of the belt.
Tiie favorite black summer costume
for full dress continues to be grenadine.
The old, plain genadines are not thrown
entirely axvay, but the handsomest novel
ties in this line have satin brocaded
leaves, diamonds, large spots, or lozenge
shaped figures, and are made up fre
quently in combination with velvet and
lace - striped grenadines, also black.
When intended to be very dressy, these
black grenadine costumes are made up
over colored silk throughout, such as
rose pink, gendarme blue, mandarin yel
loxv, salmon coldr, and other rich hut
delicate shades of pure tones of color,
pearl and cream and pure xvhite. The
trimmings are colored bead passemente
ries, or else jet xvith lilack Breton or
French lace pleatings, fringes, and some
times jabot or butterfly hoxvs of the col
ored silk used for the linings. Such cos
tumes are intended for carriage and full
dress house wear. They have long trains
and panier scarf draperies. Simpler and
cheaper grenadine dresses are made short
or xvith oemi-trains, and with trimmings
of religeuse pleatings, and sometimes,
though rarely, xvith festooned flounces
edged with black lace, and headed with
jet passementeries.
A Pretty Window Plant.
Ladies xvho never tried the experi-’
meat may at a trifling expense have a
.beautiful hanging plant in the east or
south xvindoxv of the sitting-room, that
xvill groxv very thrifty and retain its rich
green color for months.
Take a round piece of coarse cheap
sponge and soak it thoroughly in warm
water until it is fully expanded* Squeeze
cut most of the water, and in the opened
holes of the sponge thrust rice, bat, bar
ley, grass, millet and red clover seed.
Ilang this improvised flower pot where
the sun will reach it during a portion of
the day, and for a xveek after depositing
the seeds above mentioned, sprinkle the
sponge lightly every morning to keep the
inside damp, hut not xvet.
In a little xvliile the seeds will com
mence to push out tlieir spiry leaves
from every part of the sponge, and, fall
ing doxvn in graceful tendrils as they
rapidly increase, there xvill soon be
formed a pretty mass of flowing green
fringe, that xvill remain bright and
cheerful to the eye for a long time. If
carefully sprinkled later on, the clover
xvill bloom before the mass decays at the
roots.
Meteoric Dost.
A writer in the London Times has
been investigating the amount of matter
added to the earth by the meteors which
are constantly falling upon it. The total
downfall, he says, would not at its
present rate, or even at the present rate
increased a thousandfold, cause the
earth’s crust to grow appreciably in the
lapse of ages—understanding by ages
thousands of years. It has been shown
by Professor Alexander Herschel that
the average weight of shooting stars
visible to the eye must be estimated
rather by grains than by ounces, and the
telescopic shooting-stars which form
nine-tenths of the total, according to
Professor Newton’s (of New Haven)
estimate, are, of course, far smaller.
But assigning even to each meteor a
weight of one pound—an utterly inad
missable estimate—let Os consider at
what rate the earth’s mist would grow.
The earth has a surface of 200.000,000
square miles, and about 400,000,000
meteors fell upon it per annum. That
gives two meteors, or two pounds weight
of matter, added to each square mile in
a year. There are more than 3,000,000
square yards in a mile, so that 1.500,000
years would be required at the presem,
rate of meteoric downfall to add one
pound of meteoric matter to each square
yard of the earth’s surface. Such added
matter, uniformly spread over the sur
face, would be utterly inappreciable so
far as the thickness of the earth’s crust
is concerned. In a thousand millions
of years, at that rate, which far exceeds
the real rate, the crust of the earth
would not be increased in thickness by
a single foot. The excess of increase in
the Northern hemisphere would not be
one foot in a billion of years.
“Something to Praise.”
The recent accident in one of the
Wilkesbarre coal mines, and the fortu
nate final delivery of all the imprisoned
men, renders a timely word in reference
to the subject of mutual helpfulness, as
practiced there in cases of fatal casual
ties. For a long time—indeed, until
within two or three years past—when
death to the miner has resulted from ac
cident in the mines, it seems to have
been the custom among them to throw
up all work until after the funeral and
then devote a day’s labor to, the widow
and orphans of the deceased. For this
practice a prominent officer of one of the
companies has succeeded .in substituting
tbe following: When a fatal accident
occurs the operatives continue as usual
until the day of the funeral, when they
take a half holiday, attend the burial
and contribute fifty <ynts per man and
twenty-five cents per boy to the widows
and orphans,. the company agreeing
to double the amount, whatever it may
be. This plan has thus far worked ex
cellently in the cases which have come
under notice.
A custom so sensible and humane can
not be other than beneficial in every way
to employers and employed; and for the
same reason that the Graphic finds it
necessary to oppose and denounce cor
porations in all these respects in which
they are grasping and oppressive, it takes
pleasure m commending them for every
act of consideration and justice they ex
hibit to their employes and customers.
—2few York Graphic.
TIMELY TOPICS.
Making waistcoats at fourteen cents
each, cheviot shirts at four cents apiece,
heavy overalls at fifty cents per dozen
and woolen trousers at ten cents a pair
‘ ll 'c some facts .gleaned l>y a society of
ladies xvho are investigating the condi
tion of the sexving xvomen of Cleveland,
Ohio.
. Although the existence of petroleum
in.several of the provinces of Japan is
said to have been known for 1,200 years,
the. Japanese did notknoxv how to refine
it till about six years ago. Noxv, how
ever, refining establishments are spring
ing up. rapidly, and its manufacture is
becoming an important industry-
Taking the entire length of the Nexv
York Elevated railroad, on both the east
and xvest side lines, and multiplying it
by the number of trains run during the
txx'enty-four hours, and again by tiie
number of loeomtives and cars, it is
found that the distance traveled in one
day is 36,352 miles, or nearly one and a
half, times around the xvorld; the pro
portion of miles traveled on the west
side, as compared xvith the east side,
being about one to seven.
“ You attempted to take the life of the
king; the king gives you life,” were the
words of the Italian attorney-general,
xvho communicated to the assassin Pas
sanante in prison King Humbert’s com
mutation of his sentence of death to
imprisonment for life. Passanante is
said to have displayed considerable emo
tion and expressed liis deep gratitude.
He xvill finish liis existence witli hard
work in irons. The kiiur’s popularity
has been increased by this act. Mon
arehs, as a rule, dislike to sign the death
warrants of their xvould-be assassins.
Drunkenness in Sweden and Norway
is cured in the following manner: The
drunkard is put in prison, and his only
nourishment is bread soaked in xvine.
During the first day the prisoner receives
the bread and xvine xvith much pleasure.
On the second day the food is not so ac
ceptable. After that he takes his food
xvith great repugnance. In general, eight
or ten days of this treatment suffices to
produce such a disgust of liquor that the
unhappy man is compelled to absolute
abstinence. After leaving prison liis
drunkenness is radically cured, xvith an
occasional exception, and the odor oi
liquor produces an invincible repulsion.
Tiie venerable Peter Cooper has a
device for propelling the ears of the ele
vated railroads in Nexv York by means
of an endless xvire or chain, and he lias
written a letter to show how simple,
cheap, noiseless and safe his system
xx'ould be. He offers to turn over the
invention to the east side road for SIOO,-
000 in tlieir stock, to be immediately
made over to the trustees of the Cooper
Union :is a fund for its support, and
thinks it xvould be no more than fair that
they should take it at those figures, inas
much as the institute has suffered a great
deal from the proximity of the road,
xvhicli has interfered with the students
and out down the income from the rooms
in the building that are rented.
The great tunnel under the Detroit river
will be completed within txvo years, and
xvill cost about $1,500,000. Mr. Tilling
liast, the president of the Canada South
ern. Railway Company, says that the lo
cation chosen for this great undertaking
is the only one where the tunnel can
be. made through the rock, as it comes
xvithin twenty-txvo feet of the surface of
the. water at the points selected. At De
troit the rock is nearly one hundred feet
beloxv the surface. Amlierstburg is
fourteen miles beloxv that city The
proposed location of the tunnel xvill ac
commodate traffic from both the North
west and the Southwest. The tunnel
will be built under the supervision of
E. C. Clieseborough, of Chicago, who
has had experience in the construction
of both road and river tunnels.
Hereafter let nothing be said disre
spectfully of the mule! Ti noor men
imprisoned in the mine til Wttkesbarre,
Pa., who were rescued in a fair condi
tion, after being entombed tor over five
days by the fallen roof, owe tlieir lives to
a member of this much-abused species,
for they killed him and for four days
lived. upon Dim. Had tiie mule been as
positix'ein liis character as mules are re
puted to be, lie might have refused to
die, in xvhicli case carving him might
have proved a dangerous operation.
All’s we'l that ends well, and that must
have been an exciting moment when the
seven men who hail been in such immi
nent danger of death were liberated in
the presence of eight thousand persons,
having been shut out from the blessed
sunlight since the previous Tuesday
morning.
A cotton mill is to be established in
China. The prime mover in the enter
prise is said to be a Chinaman. It is
stated that 50,000 taels have been Al
ready paid down as bargain money to
the firm which has secured the contract.
The contract is said to be 255,000 taels
for everything delivered in Shanghai.
The mill is to be elected in Shanghai,
and is to contain 800 looms. It is un
derstood that China cotton will be used,
and as this is a short staple, it may be
assumed that only coarse calico xvi.l be
turned out, as the staple is unsuitable
for the manufacture of line goods. It
has been estimated by the promotors
that 6,000 bales per year, calculating the
bale as containing fifty pieces, xvill be
turned out. This is equivalent to a pro
duction of seven and a half pieces per
loom per week.
A New York scribe has paid Edison,
the great inventor, a visit at his work
shop in Menlo Park, N. J., and says of
him: “He looked little enough like a
man who hail succeeded half a dozen
times in his short life of thirty and odd
years in setting the world agog, and no
one would have guessed that lie had an
income of an indefinite number of dol
lars a year and had recently solved that
much-mooted problem of an economical
electric light. He does much and says
little about it, and while money comes
to him from many sources, he is one of
those peculiar men who never seems to
have any. If he feels as if he could
enjoy a holiday, lie takes one and every
body about the place participates. They
go down to Staten island Sound on a
fishing excursion or up on the hills to
shoot, and Edison pays all the expenses
while the works stand still. When the
inventor wants anything done, however,
he wants it then and there, and it must
be done just as he says. Hence one may
visit the shops in what are ordinarily
working hours and find everything still.
He may go at two o’clock in the morn
ing or at Sunday noon and find every
thing in full bl.ast. When the writer
called he found Edison—who is two
hundred and more times a patentee—
busily improving what little time the
outside world leaves him. Ilis feet wen
on the table casting a shadow over anew
experimental vacuum pump, and, as he
grasped his visitor’s hand, lie rennuked
pathetically, ‘Give me a chew of to
hacco?’ However, while Edison uses
tobacco to excess, he never drinks, and
has little patience with those who do.”
Siberia lias long been not merely the
political hut the universal prison of
Russia, capital punishment Ix-ing now
reserved for cases of high treason and
murder punished with transportation
for life. But in this transportation
there are many different grades. Ban
ishment to one of the border fortresses
is its mildest form, usually inflicted
upon military offenders. Next conies
Western Siberia, which, traversed by
several commercial highways, contain
ing many large towns, and in constant
communication with Russia, offers so
many advantage* that more than one
criminal whose term had expired has
VOL. V.'NO. 37.
remained there in preference to return
ing home. Eastern Siberia, called by
the Russians “Za Baikalski” (beyond
Lake Baikal), is (Jreaded by the convicts
for its remoteness and sterility, it being
a common saying among them that
“ one year in the East is worse thn two
in the West.” More terrible than all,
however, is the sentence of hard labor in
the mines, especially those of quick
silver, which, by its corrosive action
upon the bones, make a certain and
horrible death the inevitable climax of
the penalty. Escape is all but impossible,
from the countless military pickets, and
the strictness of their surveillance; but
as if to make assurance doubly sure, the
Russian government is now sending
many of its political prisoners to the
newly-acquired island of Saghalin, lying
between the Siberian coast and Japan.
In the reign of Nicholas, prisoners were
often compelled to march the whole dis
tance with chains on their ankles; but
happily this barbarity lues become rare
of late years, though there seems reason
to fear that it may be revived before
long.
The Horrors of Gambling.
A correspondent of the London 7 \tncs,
writing from Monaco, the little princi
pality on the Mediterranean famed for its
legalized gambling dens, says: The
stories of ruin every day, sometimes on
good authority, are horrible. Fortunes,
trust money, provision for children and
widows, the sums acquired by the sale
of commissions, sums raised on house
and land, have disappeared in a few days
or hours. Often it is the extravagance
of the companion that drives her victim
back and back to the tables, deeper and
deeper. But the women themselves are
the most reckless gamblers. The com
mon computation is a suicide a month,
and there sometimes come three or four
together. On the ramparts of the garden
of Monaco there are several points from
which ruined gamblers have thrown
themselves into the sea 300 feet below.
Only the other day a “lady” threw her
self out of her third floor chamber into
the road. There have been suicides in
the rooms of the Casino and one at the
table itself. Having staked and lost his
last franc, a gentleman stood up and
drew his pistol and discharged it in his
mouth. For the reception of such scan
dals there is provided a room, handy for
the railway, which passes almost direct
ly under the Casino. Some inquest there
must be, and it is performed by jyie ser
vants of the establishment. But most of
the victims go away and hide themselves,
and die like a sick dog in some corner,
where they luisten death or let a broken
heart take its course. It is impossible to
conjecture the total amount of the an
nual ruin; nor is that an important
matter, for the loss of a few hundreds is
as utter ruin to some people as tens of
thousands to others. When a man can
not meet his creditors, or even his wife
and children, it is all over with him, un
less he is devoid of natural feeling and
lost to shame. The mere excitement of
a day’s gambling has been known to kill
people constitutionally weak of heart or
head, whether they have won or lost.
Eestacy works the effect of despair in
such cases. People have been known to
go to Monte Carlo after 1 icing assured by
friends and doctors that it will be their
death if they do, return home late and
die in a few hours. The attraction once
given way to becomes irresistible. It is
on this fact that the bank chiefly stands.
If a visitor loses, he leaves the table ami
there is an end of him. If he gains, he
always returns and plays till he has lost
everything. —Monaco Letter to the London
Times.
Easy Lessons in Etiquette.
We have been profoundly interested
in a work that has just lieen sent us, the
author whereof, Professor B. F. Fan
ning, aims to give to the world easy
lessons in etiquette for gentlemen. It is
a useful work. Among other things
the professor says:
“ When calling on anew lady ac
quaintance, the Jiat should lie taken to
the parlor and held in the hand.”
This is one of the best instructions in
the hook. When you don’t know all
about the young lady and her family,
young man, freeze to your hat all the
time. We once knew a young lady who
kept her father and four brothers in nice,
new stylish hats all the time, by simply
instructing the servant to just skin the
hat rack pvery time a young man with a
giddy head was fresh enough to leave his
hat in the hall. We’ll bet a dollar Pro
fessor Fanning has been there himself.
And then, besides, a “plug” lint is such
a comfortable thing to hold in one’s
hand. When you can’t think ofanything
to say, you can stroke tin- hat the wrong
way, and then exert your energies dur
ing the rest of the visit to getting it
sniqoth again.
“ A gentlemen,” says the piofcssor,
with becoming severity, “never dances
with his overcoat on.”'
And wc may add that he hardly ever
dances with his overshoes on, arid the
instances in the best society in which a
gentleman has danced through an entire
set with his ulster drawn closely over
his head, his trousers stuck in tbe legs
of his india-rubber hunting boots, and
an umbrella held over his head, are rare
indeed. Society cannot feel too grateful
to the professor for mentioning this lit
tle matter of etiquette.
“ A gentleman,” continues the profes
sor, “always wears gloves.” •
This is solemn, sober, earnest, inspired
truth. When you meet a —a—person
anywhere, in the street, in the cellar,
at the lunch stand, in swimming, in bed,
and you see he wears no gloves, shun
that person. He is no gentleman. Pro
fessor Fanning says so, and Professor
Fanning knows. Why, a real gentleman
wears gloves when he washes his hands
and when lie trims his nails.
“Always,” insists the professor, “ot
ter your hand to a lady with the back of
your hand down.”
If you don’t believe this, try offering
a hand to a lady with the back of it up.
The ;indy will immediately kick the
stuffing out of you. —Burlington Uawkcyc. \
A Small Boy on Cats.
Cats arc about the most lnterestingest
animal there is. You can have more
fun with a cat in half an hour, if you
have a good treejiandy and an enterpris
ing dog, than *you can with a whole
traveling menagerie. Cats And fire
crackers are mortal enemies—You tie a
hunch to a cat’s tail and set ’em off, and
they will go down the street like a firry
comet. N. 8., wire is better tiian string
to fasten them on with—;rs string is
liable to burn off. It is a very pleasant
p:ustime to see two cats figlit. Their
tails may be tied firmly together, and for
fear they might tear up things in the gar
den it is a good plan to hang them across
a clothes-line. They can bcheard miles.
I have often seen them. Some folks re
gard this sport as cruel, we call such
folks chicken, livered. Hid you oversee
a shaved cat? They are very singular
creatures—it may he done wit h a razor
if you know where your father keeps
liis’n. You tie up the cat’s paws in old
mittens while you are tiding it. Some
folks don’t think it hardly pays—and I
hall nevt-r be guilty of doing, it—though
I do think a father is rather mean who
Whales his hoy all over—when his finger
is cut half off and his face scratched all
over all ready. Kittens are very
pretty. There are more than forty of
them in the water under the mill bridge.
They nearly all of them have stones tied
to their r.ecks. It is a very unfeeling
thing to drown a kitten. They are in
nercent harmless creatures. Cats are
great singers. The Chinese oat cats.
What can you expect of tire heathen ?
Some people hang dead cats as May
baskets—it is only a joke but the folks
that get ’em never seem to appreciate It.
There is a great many other things about
cats—but I think I have given you a
plenty of idea* already, so will close.
Simon Slope.
TIE OGLETHORPE ECHO.
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A novel thing—A readable romance.
Sitting Bull’s favorite hair remedy is
warranted to bring the hair out —by the
roots.
It is between the ages of twenty-five
and thirty years that most people be
come insane.
The military chest captured at Isan
dula (Zululand) by the Zulus contained
SIOO,OOO in gold.
Bismarck reads every word of advice
to him in the American newspapers, and
he docs just as each newspaper think
best.
Celluloid can be made to closely imi
tate ivory, and is making great inroads
in the business of the ivory manufac
turers.
Putnam’s winged atom is the smallest
of all known insects. Its body is only
1-12,000 of an inch in length, and the
antennae only 1-20,000.
Some of these base ball professionals
are very poor “sticks.” Only tins
morning we saw one who could hardly
latch his breath.— Lukcns.
According to Professor Trowbridge’s
calculation, a man with an average step
lifts his own weight a foot from the
ground in every twenty-three feet lie
travels.
It is a curious fact that although rice
is the principal food of the Arabs, not one
grain of it is grown in their country
It is procured by them either from India
or Italy.
A Manchester (England) paper men
tions the case pi a man eighty years old
who is now cutting his second set ot
teeth. They are uniform 'and regular,
top and bottom of the mouth.
“ Oh, maiden sweet, with delicate feet,
Tripping the lair fields over,
What do you seek by the gurgling creek
And amid the dewy clover?”
“ Why, Mister,” she said, “ you don’t know
beans !
I’m gatherin’ yaller dock for greens.”
—Cincinnati Star.
The New York Supreme Court has
decided a usury 'ease, holding that a
mortgage of $50,000 was invalid, on
account of a violation of the usury law.
The person who negotiated the loan
charged the borrowers a ltonus of $1,250,
and patd one-half of it to the lender.
The court held that this violated the
usury law anil rendered the contract
void. The lender got $2,125 as a ltonus
and lost $50,000 principal.
“You make me think,” John William
said, dropping upon the sofa beside the
prettiest girl on North bill, last Sunday
evening, “of a bank whereon the wild
thyme grows.” “ l)o IP ’’she murmured.
“ It is so nice, hut that is pa’s step in the
hall and unless you can drop out of the
front window before I get through speak
ing, you’ll have a little wilt! time with
him, my own, for lie loves you not.”
But John William didn’t quite make it
and now you can make hint grow wild
time and time again by simply asking
hint what makes him go lame when he
walks. He knows/ hut he won’t tell.—
Burlington Hawkey c.
Hardly any 1 tetter retort is on record
than one made to Professor Bonanty
Price, of Oxford University on his late
visit to this country. He was not re
markable for his geniality, and at a din
ner party, at which popular ideas of
heaven happened to be under discus
tion, he turned to Dr. H. W. Bellows
and sud: “We would like to have your
opinion of heaven. Dr. Bellows, as that
of oneiwho stands outside the pale of
civilized religions.” Dr. Bellows re
plied : “My Idea of heaven is that of a
great dinner party where we can have
everything we want without money and
without Price.” All but one joined in
the laugh.— lndependent.
Green wall paper is not the only green
thing that may poison children and
adults. A glance around liutnv * '.ops,
says a contributor to tlie Ixmdon Stan
dard, at once reveals to the eye of a
paper Stainer instances of the use of ar
senical green in all manner of alluring
forms. The bright colored label of the
laix of sweets, the hand around the piece
of muslin, the green figure of the tnuslin
itself, the cover of the box it is parked
in, the strip of paper round the packet
of envelopes, the backs of playing cards,
the smartly printed wrappers of soaps
and cosmetics, :dl say as plain as print,
“I am emerald green?” Tl*e only remedy
is said to be to prohibit then sc of emerald
green unless mixed wi*h oil or varnish.
A progressive sand wave, which gradu
ally overwhelms fields and villages in
its course, is described in the recent re
ports of the great Trigonometrical Sur
vey of India. It consists of a group of
red sand-hills in the TinnevelJi district
of the province of Madras, in Southern
India. Thesesand-hillsarc being gradu
ally driven from W. N. W. to E. S. E.,
that being the direction of the prevailing
winds in the region where they are situ
ated. A comparison between surveyors’
marks, fixed at various times since the
year IbOH, shows that the whole mass of
hills is moving E. R. E. at the rate of
about fifty-one feet a v-ar. Efforts to
arrest the drift by planting trees, grass
and creepers have as yet proved unavail
ing.
Cetywayo, king of the Zulus, numbers
his troops in novel fashion—putting pegs
into the ground to measure off his men
according to his own standard of length.
On a recent occasion, when two r< gi.
ments returned from battle, they did not
come up to the original measure by a
considerable space, whereupon the lead
ers were put to death for having lost too
many men. At another time, after a de
feat, tlie Zulu leaders complained to the
king that although they could face can
non anil cavalry, they could do nothing
against the “running fire” of the white
men. Cetywayo, unable to understand
thcdetails of the engines of destruction
which they described, put them to death
for “ frightening the rest of the soldiery
by i bnf stories.”
The German Empire has a population
of 41,500,000. Among European nations
it is second only to Russia in size. It
comprises the kingdoms of Prussia,
Brandenburg, Pomerania, Posen. Silesia,
Saxony, Schleswig-Holstein. Hanover*
Westphalia, Rlu-nish Prussia, Hess*-
Nassau, Hohenzoliem, Ijiuenburg, Ba
varia, Saxony, Wuitemburg; the grand
duchies of Baden, Hesse, Mccklenburg-
Scliwerin, Mccklenbuig-Strelitz. Oblen
berg, Saxe - Wetmer, Eisenach; the
duchies of Saxe-Aitenfx-rg, Brunswick,
Anhalt; the principalities of Schwarz
burgrßudolstudt, Seliwarrburg-Sonder
shausen, Waldeok, Rcuss. Schaumburg-
Lippc, Dippe-Itctmold; the free cities of
Hamburg, Lubcck and Bremen, and tin;
conquered French provinces, Alsace and
Lorraine.
Buried Alive.
Some employees of the Pittsburg,
Titusville and Buffalo railroad relate a
strange and horrible story. It wems a
man died at Triuniph. a small place not
far from Tidioute, Pa. • The body was
kept for three days, and at the expiration
of that time buriiii. 'Finn sonic curious
person niiiertibtTed that a sister of the
deceased had lain m a death-like trance
for several days. It was suggested that
perhapsthe man had been prematurely
buried. This suspicion took so strong a
hold ujKn tin; people that it wn.~ re
solved to exhume the body, and- the
coffin was disinterred, after having
Laid three days in- die grave. The lid
was wrenched off.-when a horrible sight
greeted the qye§ of the 'resurrectiaaists.
Evidently the'corpse had revived, and
the wretched man had fought des
perately for his life. Imprints of his
•finger mills were visible on the lining of
the coffin, which in some places was
torp into shreds. The coffin itself was
strained and wrenched apart at the join
ings in the death agonies of the miserable
man who was buried alive. He had
tamed completely over and was found
lying upon hi* breast, hi* distorted
countenance indicating the frightful
suffering* he had undergone.