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VOL. XV.
THE (iOHGIi JMTERSOMIN.
is PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY MORNING
BY WILLIAM CLINE,
At Two Dollars and Fifty Cents per an
nnm.or Two Cellars paid! in advance.
Ai>VEItTIS'KMKNTR nr.- inserted nt OYE
hOt,T.AR per tjiinre, (or the first insertion, nn<l
‘FIFTY CENTS per siqunro, for rnrh insertion
♦ hereafter.
A reaso**i .■ rlediiciioii will tie tnsile to tliose
who adverti* .• Uy he year.
All nsiir.lisf’mfnt” not otherwise ordered, will
f'p eor tin'.ed till for’ id.
\CJ’ : -'ALF.S OF LANDS ly Administrators,
‘Kserotors or Guardians nre required lj law lo be
’held on the first Tuesday in the month, between
*lh. hours o’ ten in the lorenoon and three in Ihc
afternoon, at the Court-House, in the county in
.which the land is situated. Notice of ihese sale,
‘nnsi be iven in a public gnvuc FORTY DAYS
previous To the day of sale.
S ILES OF NEGROES must be m<tetil p.ib
lie auction on the first Tuesday ol the month, he
tween the usual hours of sale, at the place ol pftb
lie sales in the countv where the letters Tesla
iientary, of Administration or Guardianship m
have been ranted; firsi ivinff iOh 71 /A}
not ice iLereofin one of the public giizctlc* rl th
S'atv. and al Ihc court house whe e such salcnrsi
• be held.
Notice fertile sale of Personal Properly nuts!
I u>'ron in like manner FORTY DAYS previous
’ i Inn dav of salt*.
NiUiee to Debtors and Creditors of an estate
.mist be published FORTY DAYS.
Notice that application will tie made to the Court
Ordunrv for i.ravk to sell land must be pub
i.bed tor TWO MONTHS,
Notice for leave to sell nkokovs must he
pub'isbed TWO MONTHS before any order ab
so'ute b made thereon liv the Court.
CITATIONS for Letters of Administration
he piib'islied thirty days; for Dismission
t o n Administration, monthly si* months; for
iti iiissMM | rom G uardiansliip. fortt pats.
f *tlit*-: fortho Foreclosure of Morlrauemust be
n i‘. fished MONTHLY FOR FOUR MONTHS, cstllb
ii r.n* lo: papers, for the full space, of three
months; for coin,ieilins titles fiom Kxeeiiiors or
a: dminisirnto’P.AA heie a I-oihl basbfin fivt n o
•lac dcreasrd lic r iiil space ol tiirkf. month*
ARRIVAL of STEAMER
AMERICA
THREE DAYS LATER FROM
E ERODE.
THE TRIPARTITE TREATY.
The five ai tides of the tripnr'itc treat)’
arc ns follows:
]. Fiance anti England engage to sup
port Turkey by force of arms until the
conclusion of peace that shall secure the
independence and integrity of the Sultan’s
ii. minions.
2. Toe Porte shall not conclude a
peace without the consent of her allies.
3. I lie allies shall evacuate the Turk
i*h teriitory after the war.
4. Tuis treaty to rem tin open to the
adhesion of the other powers of Europe
5 Turkey guarantees to all the t-nb
jectsof the Porte, w ithout distinction of
creed, perfect equality in law.
the war
The campaign on the Danube has com
menced in earnest. It is confirmed the
Russians have crossed the Danube in great
lorce to strike a decisive blow bc'o c the
a; rival of tho Anglo French force. On
the 23 I ultimo, Gotschakoff crossed the
Danube above Quiska, which place he
occupied, capturing 11 guns, and making
Mine 200 prisoners. He also captureo
several small forts on the Turkish side of
the river. General Luders with the
main body of the Russians, crossed from
(ialatz without much loss. Full 50,000
.Russians are now on the right bank.
Ou the 23-J General Luders commen-.
csd preparations for the siege of Melschin
On the 23J a large body of Russians
attempted to cross near Oitenilza. A
desperate battle ensued, in which the
Russians were routed with the loss of
3,000 killed. The Turks were also so
badly cut up that they had to retire to
their entrenchments. The Russians have
itow, however, effected a passage of the
ily*r at three points.
On the very day the Russians commen
ced crossing the river, Omar Dasha bad
intended to attack the Russian head quar
teis at Pjjtna. The plan of the attack
was drawn lip, and the entire force put
under the command of the French Colo
nel, D.ew, bdi the Russian movements
disconcerietkfhe plan.
Tt.e Russians were abandoning theii
forts on the east coast of the Black Sea.
Soncham Kale had been burnt and plun
dered by the Circassians.
it was rumored that the Turks were
preparing to attack Sebastopol.
Accounts from Greece were unfavora
ble. The Turkish Minister had left A
thens, and the Greek insurrection was
reviving, but the l urks hold the fortress-
c., ami have 8,003 troops in Epirus.—
Envoys were daily expected at Athens
witrj the final commands of England ad
France. It was reported that several
nobles had joined the insurrection.
The whole French army of 65,000 men
will be in Turkey by May Is*. It was
reported that the British force would be
increased to 30,000 u.en. The first divi
sion of the expeditionary force was being
rapidly forwarded irom Malta to Constan
tinople.
Ten Russian ships, from Seba>topol,
w>re reported o he near the Gulf of Pe
fekop, off the eastern coist ol C.imea.—
The aiueJ fleets were still at Be} cos Bay.
WARMKR MOVEMENTS ON THE BALTIC.
Th* fleet under Sir Charles Napier was
egiiio under way for the purpose, as was
supposed, of seizing upon the Island ot
Aland. Kicegc Bay Was named as the
place of rendezvous.
The British Minister at Berlin had sent
the announcement of the declaration ot
war to Sir Charles Napier, with insiruc
liona to commence hostilities.
1 he Russians were making great pre
parations for the conflict in the Baltic.—
AH l he light-houses and buoys have been
reviewed, and so tnidable fleets of gun
boats are collected in shallow water at
all the principal points. Attempts aic
being made to block up intricate parts ol
the channel with rock", All the houses
at Cronstadt incapable of defence are be
ing pulled down, New batteries are
everywhere in the course of.irvction, and
two hundred, (additionall gun-boats nave
been ordered..
Ihe Czar anjljjiis sm were personally
superintending t,b*se preparations.
Co.Hiderabiv discon ent prevails in
Finland towards Russia, and some arrests
have been made.
EKGI.AND.
It was rumo ed ihat Linl Aberdeen
was about to resign, but the Globe con
tradicts the report.
The London papers are full of procla
mations regulating the details of the war
in the House of Commons, the Attor
ney General stated that England does not
and cannot foiego the tight of search of
neutral vessels for articles contraband of
war.
The bill to double the income tax had
passed the lloue of Commons.
FRANCE.
The Government makes nn announce
me t similar to that of England, respecting
the con in tree of neutrals.
The subsetiptior. to the Fiench loan
amounts to 467,000,000 francs.
The Minister of Marine had addressed
a memorial to the Chamber of Cmnmrroe
applauding the United S'a'.es for refu
sing letters of marque.
SPAIN.
j Tiie Queen has amnestied all the j ri-
I setters implicated in the expedition of
! Lopez against Cuba.
ITALY.
j Tite Duchess of Parma will act as re
! gent duiingthe minority of her son. The
assassin of the Duke escaped. Baron
Fara had been ordered to qu t the coun
try foicvt-v.
T IE C"XT.NEXT.
I Sw ilzerlanu, Aus'na a and Prussia have
no? ta'ren sides by an’ overt act in the
vv:*r.
Ko change had occurred in the Dan
ish Ministry.
New Map of Europe.
ATTRIBUTED TO LOUIS NAPOLEON.
“As neither the moderation nor the pa
tience of the great cabinets, nor the efforts
of diplomacy, nor the sufferings of indus
try and of commerce, have sufficed to dis
arm an ambition which threatens the
whole of Europe, it is necessary that the
war, which has become inevitable, should
be, at least, energetic and decisive.
“A power whose foreign trade is wry
restricted, which possesses an extent of
coast relatively very small, which has no
colonies to protect, has been for half a
century accumulating formidable naval
forces. Constantinople first, and the Me
diterranean countries, are the objects of all
its attempts, and the present sovereign of
Russia is preparing to act a? executor of
the will of the founder of his race.
“Doubtless, the resources of Russia are
great, but it is from her annexed provin
ces, rather than from the body of the inon
archy, that she draws her forces. The
possession of Finland gives her the domi
nation of the Baltic, the possession of the
Crimea makes her mistress of the Black
Sea. By these means, in the North, as
in the South, she has become-a naval pow
er ot the first rank. Since the partition of
Poland, the largest and richest portion of
which she seized, she weighs upon Germa
ny, which she hates and despises. ‘1 he
Russian saying, when they speak of a
German is known; ‘God has used him ill
enough; he has made him a German.’
Lately again, in the Hungarian war, the
pride of Russia deep wounded the military
spirit of Austria, and the armies of the
Czar committed the error of rendering
the memory of their services humiliating.
“Thus, Russia advances westward,dri
ving back European civilization each step.
Is it by her borrowed elegance and has
tard Christianity that, she intends to im
pose upon civilized nations? How has she
made them forget the impudence and vio
lence which stain most of her titles to pos
session? Spoliation and despotism govern
her conquered provinces. The fair daugh
ters of Poland arc periodically carried off
and sent to a far exile, to renew the blood
of their conquerors. Those conquerors
themselves, who are they? Some thou
sand corrupted patricians, bending fifty
three millions of men under the knout.
“A fanatical and servile clergy lives at
the expense of this ignorant population,
which is regularly exploited in every de
gree of the social hierarchy by* the admin
istrators and judges. Reforms are not
possible, for in Russia despotism is strong
in evil, and is powerless only to do good.
The principle of authority, the salutary
when restrictc 1 within proper limits, is
even vitiated there by this adulterous mix
ture of Ike sacred and the profane, which
troubled, even to madness, the spirit of
the Cresars of Rome.
“In tfe life of nations, proscription for
justice is never required. If the weakness
of the French cabinet under Louis XV.
committed the first dismemberment of the
Turkish empire, an I the first partition of
Poland to the profit of the Czars, if tbe
revolutionary agitations of 1792 prevent
ed France from opposing the second dis
memberment of the Turkish empire and
the last partitions of Poland, it is for
France of 1854, tranquil under a strong
government, to repair, as much as is in
her power, the faults committed in the
preceding century.
•‘France, in drawing the sword, demand*
nothing for herself; she wishes nothing,
she stands in need of nothing. The great
ness of a country is not measnred liy the
extent of its territories, but by the influ
ence of its policy and the expansive force
of its ideas. England, our cordial and
powerful ally, does not expect any thing
1 either, as the reward of her concurrence.
Like ns she acts in a sense of her national
condition, but also in the sense of the lib
erty of the world.
“this disinterested attitude, supported
by reiterated and solemn declarations,
leaves no doubt upon the mind of any
man. The western powers would only,
therefore, be the more authorized to raise
the question of remodeling the map of
Europe.
“lias not the moment come for openly
declaring what all think and whisper be
low thcr breath? What illusion does
there still exist on the nature of the con
ditions upon which Europe must dictate a
desirable and solemn peace, which will in
demnify her for her sacrifices she is pre
paring to make?.
“To-day, are opened. It is by
the extent of thu flwiger. that the means of
preventing its rotlli'ii inftv.t, V/? mpnfiar.ed,—
THE GEORGIA JEFFERSONIAN.
GRIFFIN, (GA.) THURSDAY MORNING, APRIL 27, 1854
Thus, in taking arms, do people and go
vernments appear animated Ly one senti
ment—inspired by one common strength,
to put an end to the perpetual menace
suspended over all the progress of the
past—over all the interests of the future.
It is quite clearly understood that it. will
not suffice to demolish the ships and the
ports of Russia, but that it is still more
necessary to drive her back, especially to
wards Asia, far beyond her actual boun
daries.
11.
“It is not in her centre that Russia is
vulnerable, it is at her extremities. But
if the blood is driven baelc towards her
heart, she will choke. The head of the
colossus is at Helsingfors, its right arm at
Warsaw, its feet at Sebastopol. It is,
then, Finland, Poland, and the Crimea,
that it is necessary to drag out of ihe
clutches of the double-headed eagle.
“1 he loss of Finland is an ever bleed
ing wound in the flank of Sweden, for she
beheld that fine province torn away from
her piecemeal, from whence Russia draws
nearly the whole of her maritime popula
tion, and her timber. It is in Finland
that the repiisals of aroused Europe must
commence, and the restitution of that
country to its ancient owners would be an
act of policy, the prudence and justice of
which none dare gainsay. A line drawn
from Yiborg to the Gulf of Onega would
become on that side, in the north, the
extreme limit of Russia. The country of
Gustavus Adolphus, and of Charles XII.
would resume the rank so long and so
worthily occupied in the councils of Eu
rope.
“if it were possible to restore tho an
cient Polish nationality, so great an act of
reparation would make all generous hearts
beat with pulsations of joy. But in the
actual state of affairs, such an attempt
would assuredly give rise to complications
and difficulties more serious still than those
before which Xapofean I. himself hesita
ted. At least, Poland turned against her
mortal enemy, would she not serve to
guarantee the independence of Germany?
“1 he measure of precaution which
gave to Prussia the Duchy of Posen, will
only be good when completed. Even re
duced to its present limits, what strength
would not Poland bring to Europe, if uni
ted for the future to Prussia, she were to
drive back beyond the Niemen and the
Bug her ancient oppressors, and become
again on that side the advance guard
of civilization.
Besides that anew maiming of this no*-
b!e body, already so cruelly mutilated,
would wound public feeling in France and
in Europe, it appears that the idea of an
nexing to Prussia all that remains of Po
land is justified not only by geographical
position, but also by relationship of race,
language and religion, which approxi
mates tiie Poles to the inhabitants of Posen
and Silesia. Condemned at present to
silence and to a political death, Poland
would then have a place and a delibera
tive voice in the assemblies of a state
which has given so many proofs of reli
gious toleration and a wise spirit of pro
gress.
“In the South, Austria Would add Mol
davia and Bessarabia to her empire, and
extend her frontiers to the Dneister. Sue
would gain fertile provinces, and on the
Black sea, coasts and ports, which would
wonderfully tend to the devclopcmcnt of
her marine, whilst, by the possession of Gu
latz and of the mouths of the Danube, slio
would profit by the transit of the produce
of Central Europe. A seperate conven
tion would regulate, as just, the commer
cial insercsts of all the European fckatesy
and be put in harmony with the principle,
for the future acquired, of the free navi
gation of the Black sea. It is superfluous
to demonstrate how, in consequence of
this addition to Austria beyond the Dan
ube, Constantinople would acquire a
more sure barrier than the Balkan range.
Thus would be closed to Russia that
road towards Persia and India which she !
lias tracked out for herself with so mutch j
perseverance and zeal. On fire’ Black I
Sea, her only remaining possession would I
be the coast comprehended between the
mouths of the Dniester and the Dnieper.
But she would still retain Odessa ,Nicofa
ief, Kherson, that is to say sufficient marts
for her export trade and arsenals for her
navy, reduced to proportions still worthy
of a great people, but no longer threaten
ing to the peace of the world”
“Would it be presuming too much upon
the wisdom of Austria, to think that in
exchange for the aggrandizement of her
territory, and the extension of her com
merce and of her marine, she would relin
quish Lombardy? Milan, united to Pied
mont, would strengthen, without peril to
anyone, a second rate state; the prosperi
ty of which is important to France. It is
nothing to avoid conflicts w.tli Switzer
land, to give satisfaction to the national
sentiment of Italy, and thereby to deprive
the revolutionary element ®f one of its
pretexts, and perhaps of the most appa
rent of its grievances? The Venetian
State, moreover, which covers Friouli and
Illyria, would remain to Austria, under
the conditions of the treaty of C'ampo
Formio. Her empire would extend un
broken, from Venice to Ackerman, from
the mouths of the Adige to the Dneistcr.
At her two extreme points, she would
touch two seas, one of which, that moat
necessary to her, is now closed to her.
“Such is, in a few words, the ensemble
of the measures which would appear the
best calculated to establish the balance
of power in Europe upon its true basis,
compromised to-day by the preponderance
ot Russia. Those who may feel inclined
to regard this plan as chimerical, we ask
of them whether, upon their conscience,
they believe it possible to preserve the
status quo , after tnc great war now pre
paring? Not one of the proposed model
lings here could become a cause of divi
sion between the two western powers, nor
a danger for the one or the other. Tlie
balance would be maintained between the
, German states, which, aggrandizing them
selves in the sense of the slave element,
and in a proportion nearly equal, would
bring no new trouble, no new. pretensions
into the body of tue Germanic Cnnfedera
tiou. Sweden would be strengthened by
the restitution of Finland; the Otto
man empire b/ that, of Crimea and of the
jline ot.thc Caucasus. Constrained, to re-
store the usurpations of a century, the ag
gressor alone would suffer from an arrange
ment which iiv the North, in the West,
and in the SO’uth, would be carried out at
his expense.
“A definitive war can, then, alone de
cide this Eastern question, which Russian
ambition has made a continual subject of
i anxiety to civilized nations The war will
be followed by the sovereign delibera
tions of a EuropCffff Congress. May the
means that wc propose be considered as
the best to attain the solution so ardently
des’red. To wish only that which is just,
but to wish it with resolve—that is the
simple secret of a provident and firm
policy.
“It is necessary that it should no longer
be in the power of any one man to trou
ble the safety i f all with impunity.”
CHASED BY A CATAMOUNT.
A SCENF. IN THE LIFE OF A PIONEER.
I was once told of a thrilling adventure
of the first settlers in Paris, Maine, with
a catamount. Although I cannot relate
it with that lively effect with which it was
told ine, still 1 have embodied the facts in
this sketch.
I had been on a hunting excursion, and
as I was returning, I fell in with that of
ten described personage “the oldest inha
bitant.” He kindly accosted me, and I
ciPered gladly into conversation with him.
“Young man, ” said lie, “when I first
visiteo this town, there were only three
families in it. You who live in ease, can
never know the hardships and perilous
scenes through which the earlier settlers
passed Come with me,” he continued,
“and I will show yon the exact spot where
the first hut cvFrercctSed in this town was
located ” 1 followed silently, until the
old man reached the bottom of the west
side of Paris Hill.
“There,” said he, “on this spot was
erected the hut. I shall never forget the
first time I visited it and the story 1 was
told.”
“What is it?” 1 asked.
“I will tell you. When the first fcettler
moved here, his nearest neighbor lived
twenty miles distant, in the present town
of Romford, and the only road between
the two neighbors was a path that lie had
cut himself, so that in case of want or
sickness, lie might get assistance One
spring, 1 think it was the third season af
ter he had settled here, he was obliged to
go to Rum ford after provision*. He arose
early one morning, and started .for bttt
nearest neighbor. People of the present
day would thiuk it hard to make a journey
of twenty miles for a bag of potatos, and
on foot too; but such was the errand of
the first settler. He arrived before noon,
was successful in getting his potatos, got
Mine refreshments, and started for home.
But it was not very easy to travel with a
load of potatos; and finally at sundown he
threw off his load, and resolved there
to make a shelter and jjf&ud. the night. 1
have been with him to the exact locality
of it; it was situated just on the other side
of the stream on which are mills, in the
village now known as Pinkook, in Wood
stock. lie built a shelter, struck a fire,
aad took out of his pack a piece of meat
to roast. Ah! young man,”continued the
uarrater, “you little know with what a
relish a man eats his Tood in the woods:
but, as I was saying, lie commenced roast
ing his meat, when he was startled by a
cry so shrill that he knew at omc that
it could come from nothing but a cata
mount. I will now relate it to you as
near as I can, in the language of the old
settler himself:”
1 “1 listened a moment, ,r said he, “and it
was repeated even louder, and it seemed
nearer than before. My first thought
was for my own safety. But what was I
to do? It was at least ten miles from my
home, and there was not a single human
being nearer than that to me. In a irso
meat I concluded to start for home, for I
knew the nature of the catamount too
well to think 1 should stand the least
ch-acee of . escape if 1 remained in the
camp. I kfnew, too, that he would
ransack the camp, and I hope l that’ the
meat which I left behind might satisfy liis
appetite, so that he would not fallow me
after eating it. 1 lnd not gone more than
half a mile before I knew by the shrieks
of the animal that he was within sight of
the camp. I doubled my speed, content
that the animal should have my supper, al
though I declared I would not run if I had
my trusty rifle with me. But there would
be no cowardice in my running from an
infuriated catamount, doubly furious, pro
bably, from being hungry, and with nothing
that could be called a weapon save a pock
et knife.
“I had proceeded prtd/aWy about two
thirds of the distance home,, and hearing no
m ire of the fearful enemy, begun to slack
my pace, and thought I had nothing to fear.
I had left behind about two pounds of
raw meat, beef and pork, which I hoped had
satisfied the ferocious monster- Just
as I had come to> the conclusion that I
would run no farther, an l was looking back
astonished almost at the distance 1 had
travelled in so short a time, 1 was clectri
tied with horror to hear the animal shriek
again.
“ 1 then knew my fears were realized.
The beast had undoubtedly entered the
camp and eaten what he could find, and,
then had scented my track and followed
after me. It was about three miles to my
log cabin, and it become dark.
1 redoubled my sped, but ll felt that 1
must die. And such a death 1 The re
collection of that feeling conies to my mind
as vividly as though I knew the animal
was now pursuing me. But lam no cow
ard, though to be torn in pieces and al
most eaten alive by a wild beast, was hor
rible.
“1 calmly unbuttoned my frock, with
the determination to throw it off before
the animal should approach me, hoping
thereby to gain advantage of the time lie
would loose in tearing it to pieces.
“Another shriek, and I tossed the gar
ment behind me in the path. Not more
than live minutes elapsed before I heard a
shrill cry as he came to it.
How that shriek electrified mel I
bounded like a deer. But in a moment
the animal made another cry, which told
me plainly that the garment had only ex
asperated: him tierpop chase, <
“O, GodP’said I, “and must l die thus?
I can’t, 1 must live for my wife and chil
dren, and I even ran faster than I had
done before, and nnbot toning my waist
coat, I dropped it in the path as I pro
ceeded. The thoughts of my wife and
children urged me to the most desperate
’ speed, for I thought more of their unpro
tected state, than the death 1 was threat
ened with, for should I die, what would
become of them?
“In a moment the whole events of my
life crowded my brain. The hot blood
coursed through my veins with a torrent’s
force. The catamount shrieked louder
and louder, and fast as 1 was running, lie
was rapidly approaching me. At last I
came to the brook which - you see yonder,
and it was double the size which it is now,
for it was swollen by recent freshets, and
I longed to cool my fevered brain m it;
but 1 knew it would be as contain death
to me as to die by the claws of the beast.
With three bounds I gained the opposite
bank, and then I could clearly see the light
in my log cabin, which was not more than
one hundred rods distant.
I had not proceeded but a short dis
tance, before I heard the plunge of the
catamount behind n.e. 1 leaped with
more than human energy, for it was life
or death. In a moment the catamount
gave another wild shriek, as though he
was afraid he would lose his prey. At
the same instant 1 veiled at the top of my
lungs to iny wife, and in a moment 1 saw
her approach the door with a light.
V’ ith w hat vividness tho moment comes
back to rny mind! The catamount was
not so far from me as 1 was from the house
I dropped my hat, the only thing I could
leave, to stay the progress of the beast.—
The moment i fell prostrate in my
own cabin.”
Here the old settler paused; and wiped
the big drops from his brow ere he con
tinued:
“How long I laid, I know not, but
when roused to consciousness, I was lying
on my rude couch and my wife was bath
ing my head with cold water, and my
children were gazing anxiously at me
My wife told me that as soon as I fell ihe
immediately shut the door and barred it,
for she knew that 1 was pursued, but by
whom or what she knew not; and that as
soon as I had fallen and the door closed,
a fearful spring was made upon it: but
the door was strong and well barred, and
withstood the spring of the beast.
“As soon as I fully recovered, I knelt
down and offered the most fervent prayer
to the Almighty that ever passed my lips,
or ever will again. My family and myself
shortly retired but no sleep visited me that
night. In the morning, when my little
son, six years old, told me that, he saw the
eyes of the colt in the window in the night,
I knew the catamount had been watching
to gain admittance: but our windows, you
will perceive, are not large enough to per
mit a catamount to enter.
‘•Wheal looked into the glass next
morning, I was horror struck at my alter
ed appearance. My hair, which was the
day before, dark as midnight, was chan
ged to the snowy whiteness you now sec;
and although l have enjoyed very good
health since, I shall never recover from the
effects of the fright I experienced on being
chased by the catamount.”
Sawing Lous.— We have frequent in
quiries about a circular saw mill for cutting
boards from logs. The following informa
tion, furnished by a correspondent, of oner
of the best machines we know of, will
doubtless be acceptable to many of our
readers:
“It is a circular saw’ board machi no,
with two head blocks, twenty four feet
carriage, and forty eight inch diameter saw,
will weigh about two tons, and cost from
$450 to SSSJ, according to its mode of
construction. It requires steam or wa
ter to drive it, of about 12 or 15 horse
power,. This machine has a number of
new and valuable improvements, and it is
giving entire satisfaction for cutting lum
ber, as there is but little waste. Logs can
be sawn from 5 to 24 inches diameter,—
Withs nail’ log; they cut from six to
eight thousand between sun and sun.—
One machine,, with a good head of water,
anl a choice selection of pine logs, just
for au experiment, to see what could be
done in driving the machine to its utmost
capacity, sawed 1200 feet in an hour by
the watch, but this is not a fair average
of what it will ordinarily do. Very sm ill
logs of-course would require more time in
getting them on and otf than larger ones
containing au equal quantity of lumber.—
Scientific Jhnericiin.
The Wages of The New
York Home Journal, in a pleasant homily
upon “the wages of bailors,” shows up
seme of the tricks of trade.
‘‘Tailors must live;, at least they think
so, and we have no objection. Yet they
are great tyrants, and have ingenious ways
of torturing their victims. One way is
this: they invent a fashion which is strik
ingly peculiar, and get it into vogue by
various arts best known to themselves;
for example, very short overcoats with
long waists, which look well on men like
Count Ross, whose figure is faultless.—
Their next movement, after everybody in
overeoacted for the winter, is to bring out
a garment which differs as much as possi
ble from the one in fashion; that is, an
overcoat with skirts to the heels, and
waists under the arm pits. They get
half a dozen men of high fashion, who look
well any how, to parade this new fashion in
Broadway, and make the short coated
majority appear out of date. The man
oeuvre succeeds; all the dandies are driv
en to the expense of ordering the super
fluous coat; the tailors smile, and the
dandies bleed, or their lathers do. Some
time ago, our tailor tyrants put us all into
long waistcoats, and consequently into
continuations that just lapped over the
hips. Suddenly the waistcoats were ab
breviated four inches. What was the con
sequence? Why, of course, the continu
ations failed to connect, and he who would
not exhibit to mankind a broad belt of
white around his waist, was compelled to
discard all his store of yvpjl saved unuamc
ablcs. And in vains'htdl the oldest cus
tomer protest and order garments of
the last fashion. Consider my reputation,
sir, says the tailor, with the air of of
fey'.led majesty.”
Fetid* from Cos?. Fremont.
*Parawan, Ikon Cos, Utah Teu’t.
February 9, 1854. )
My Dear Sir: I have had the good
foriunc to meet here our friend Mr. Bab
bitt, the Secretary of the Territory, who
is on his way to Washington, in charge
of the mail and other very interesting
despatches, the importance of which is
urging him forward with extreme rapidi
ty. He passed directly on this morn
ing, amt I have barely a few moments to
give intelligence of our safe arrival and
of our general good health and reasonable
success in the object of our expedition.
This winter has happened to he one of
extreme and unusual cold. Here, the
citizens inform me, it has been altogether
the severest since the settlement of this
valley. Consequently, so far as the,
snows arc concerned, the main condition
of our exploration has been fulfilled
We entered the mountain regions authe
Huerfana river on the 3ffof December,
and issued from it here on the 7ih of this
month, arriving here yesterday afternoon.
Wo went through the Cochatope Bass
on the 14th December, with four inches;
not feet, take notice, but inches, of snow
Oil the level, among the pines and in the
shade on the summit of the Puss.
Tois decides what you consider the
great question, and fulfils rhe leading
condition of my explorations; and there
lore I go no further into details of this
letter.
I congratulate you on this verification
of your judgment, and the good prospect
it holds out of final saccess in carrying
the road by this cen'ral line. Nature has
been bountiful to this region, in accumu
lating here, within a few miles of where
I am wri.ing, vast deposi.es of iron, and
ce il and timber, all of the most excellent
quality; and a great and poweiful interior
State will spring up immediately in the
steps of tlie Congressional action which
should decide to carry the road through
this region in making my expedition to!
this point I saved nearly a parallel of lati
tude, shortening the usual d.stance from
Green liver to this point by over a hun
dred miles. In crossing to the Sierra
Nevada I shall go direct by an uoexpl >r
e.l route, aiming to strike directly the Te
jon Passes, at the head of the San Joa
quin valley, through which, in 1850, I
drove from two id three thousand head
of cattle that I delivered to the Indian
Commissioners. 1 shall make wh it spec !
I possibly can, going light, and abandon
ing the more elaborated survey of my
previous line, to gain speed. ,
Until within about a hundred miles
ibis place we had daguerreotyped the
country over which we passed, but were
forced to abandon all our heavy baggage
to save the men, and I shall not stop to
send back for it. The Deiawares all
ca.no in sound, but the whites of my par
ty were all exhausted and broken up, and
more or less frostbitten. I lust one, Mr.
Fuller of St. Loui*, Missouri, who died
on entering this valley. He died like a
tnan,. on horseback, in bis saddle, and
will be buded like a soldier on the spot
where ho fell.
I hope soon to sec you in Washington.
Mr. 1> ibbilt expects to see you before the
end of March* Among other document.-’
which he carries with him are the maps
and report ofCapt. Gunnison’s party.
Sincerely and affectionately,
John C. Fremont.
Col, Denton, Washington.
P. S.— This is the Little Sail Lake set
tlement and was commenced three years
since. Population now four hundred,
and one death by sickness since the set
tlement was nude. We have been most
hospitably received. Mr. Babbitt has
been par.icularly kind, and has rendered
me very valuable assistance.
+ Valley of the Para wan, about Chin las •a >1
of Ilia mea lu Woof Santa Clara, between 37 and 38
degrees ot nnrlh latilu le, and between 113 and
111 degrees of west longi'ul , elevation above the
about S,(H)J leet.
Fine Cotton. —We have been shown
by Mr. Yanderveer, (a very intelligent
planter residing in this city,) a sample of
cotton, the texture and staple of which is
very fine, and as an evidence of which,
brought in New Orleans the past season
4 or 4 1-2 cents per pound more than the
same class of other cottons. Mr. Yan
derveer states that he procured the seed
from a frien 1, who informed him that they
came from South America, lie has beer,
planting it for the last three years—culti
vating, gathering and ginning it just a? he
did his other cottons, without any extr*.
care or attention, except in selecting and
saving the seed-and has found, chat it.!
produced at least 2o per cent rioreto the- i
acre, and that a hand can gtYuer at least
one third more per day. It upeas
vancc of other cottons; thr toolls are Ear-j
ger, resembling the M? ,codon bedl- the ‘
lint is long and silky, V> per ceat. longer
than common lint; yielding 125>Z libs, of
lint from 4800 lbs. ofsoed cottony weighed
in the basket, wh'ea picked. With these
advantages, tog Ahor with the fact that
it commands ’m the market 4or 4 1-2
cents over the common cottons,, itr.must be
very desiraV Je, and we think,, nuist, in
time, supple „nt all others—at. least in> tins
section of. country. Mr. Venlerveer tells
us that b j has never heard any name for
it, but ‘we think it ought to-have one, and
as we know of no one better or more
worth/, we take the liberty to christen
it tuo Yanderveeran Cotton. — Mont-
S*om.*ry Journal
This Qckax Tklegrawl —Tine St.
Johns (Newfoundland) Post says,—“that
all doubt has now been dissipated, relative
to the completion of the important enter
prise of erecting the Electric Telegraph
between England and America. David
Dudley Field, Cyrus W. Field, and Chan
dler White, Esqrs. of New York, aecom
pauied by F. F. Fisborne, Esq. arrived
at St. John a few days since, with a view
of miking arrangements for the com
mencement of the work. The Directors
of the Company are Gyrus W. Field,
Chandler White, Peter Cooper, Marshall
O. Robert, Moses Taylor, Professor Morse,
L\ P. Shaffuer, principal manager of the
l oiegraplis south and west, and Lieut.
1 Maury, U. S. N l ., 1
The OasjimeiiJs Goat. The editor of tk-
Furmer and Planter says, this great goat
which has recently been introduced into
the United States from Turkey, by Dr
Davis, of S. C., is of larger size than our
common goat, is as easily kept, and by
his experiment is proven to be admirabfv
adapted to our climate Its great excel
lence is, that instead of a coat of hair, it
has a fleece of fine silky appearance from
four to six inches long in one year’s growth*
It is from the fleece of this goat the eelc
i bfated Cashmere shawls, from China are
made. Besides its beautiful and silky ap
pearance, textures made from the fleece
of this goat out-wear all known substan
ces. Stocks made of it have been worn
six winters without materia! injury They
can be shorn annually, and the average
’ weight of each fleece is about four pounds,
! sometimes as much as seven pounds, ami
the price is $3,50 to $9 per pound, being
equal in value to the united fleeces of a
bont sixteen Merino sheep annually. Dr.
Davis considers these so well adapted to
the climate, and so valuable, that he refu
ses to sell full grown ewes at all, but sells
the bucks from $lO9 to S2O) each H*
is vary liberal, however, and hvs given
several to friend?.
BcffaLokS.— As an item of news, w 6
give an account, as related to us hy Col.
Vaughn, of the number of buffdoes kill
ed annually within the bounds of his agen •
cy, where the A neric.ia Fir C i.npinv
are operating an I trading with the Indi
ans. lie says he has taken some pains to
ascertain, and from the best Information
he can get, he estimates the number will
not fall far short of 400,000. He flays
not less than 100,00) robes have been
shippud by the two companies trading
within the last ytat. 153,000 are de
stroyed, and a nuinb£Y of the bides used
by the Indians to make the r lodges.
L’oey are compelled to make the n very
secure, to preserve them f.o n the severs
weather. Lai 0 c numbers of the buffalo
freeze or starve to death in the winter, in
the sit >w tank-y which for months are
loan 1 in drift's of from five to ten fuel in
depth; and numbers of them are drown ed
iu crossing the Missouri River in l r ge
herds, by crowding upon one*anoliier.
Tub- Tide of Immigration Setting in
for Nebraska and Kansas. —The Wash
ington Union of the 23th ult. says that
Congressis likely to be anticipated, unless
that body quickens its speed, in the set
tlement of the Nebraska question, as im
migration is rushing iu a flood tide to the
new territories, and there will* soon be in
habitants enough for them-to'fomo in as
a State The same paper says:
“Asa most significant evidence of tho
feeling of tho people in favor of the great
principles of the bill of Senator Douglas,
we need only direct attention to the man
ner iu which the tide of population has al
ready begun to set in for the regions of
Nebraska and Kansas. At St. Louis,
we arc told in one of the papers of that
city, there arc not boats enough to take
off the crowds waiting to take curly pos
session of the new territories. Compa
nies are being formed at Wheeling, at
Louisville, at Chicago, at several of tho
towns in lowa, while doubtless every other
State bordering on the Mississippi, slave
and free, will contribute its thousands to
the multitudes, about to t&ke advantage
of the opportunity offered 1 & them by the
opening to civilization of those fair regions
which lie in the direct path of progress,
leading to the wonderful Commonwealth
on the Pacific,-itself a proud offspring of
popular sovereignty, and’ bidding fair to
out rival, in its rapid growth to empire
and to glory, all the achievements of its
more di. tint sisters.
“We do not halt here to discuss the
probabilities whether these proposed ter
ritories shall, or shall not, be free. 1 hat
is a question which may well, and, as our
history shows, be safely entrusted to the
citizens who come from all the States o’
oir Union; but it is a spectacle of moral
grandeur, and more than all, a forcible
refutation of the argument, always made
oa similar occasions, that there was no
necessity for the bill of Judge Douglas;
that the people are moving onwards in
advance of the action of Congress, to be
ready for the new govern.neat which it is
crealiu r i .”
..Tub IxmAsa—By information received
from proper anti wo city; we are informed
that the Indian, dtTdgattofr, now at Fort
i Myers, wilil I’otvtvc,-oft their return to Ar
kansas, in the United. States steamer
Fashion, which *is expected here before
the end off the 1 month.
\Yc> regret to'learn that very few of the
Florida. Indians have come to nccompa
juy the-delegation. Two men of about 3d
I years of .age, and two women with four
children, are all that were in for emigra
tion on. the 22d, and no more were ex
j ‘pectod, unless by chance, the family o.f one
I of these warriors.
1 Our informant further states: u Thc del
egates Itave done their by making
known to the Seminolcs the terms- offered
by the g )VCrn.mxit; nor wa; much me re o. -
pected as the immediate result of their vis
it. Although there is vao hope of a gener
al emigration this spring—the anxiety of
the Indians for ’peace, and their decreasing
stock of ammunition and calicoes, together
with the in InojiUints hell oat to them;
may yet, it is hoped, avert th) necessity
of “coercion” or an Indian war.”—
Tampx Herald 25//o ult.
1 ( Down#aiu. 07 THE PIU.AH OK Pkack.—
Upon one of the highest cliffs which form
the dividing lino between Lancashire ami
Yorkshire, and which constitute at that”
potfil the “back bone of England,” there
was-created in the year 1814
and massive column of rock, commemora
tive of joy which the inhabitants of those
wild districtsfeit at the abdication of Na
poleon—a suggestive memorial of the bles
sings which peace at las’ brought to the
two countries which it seperated. A
large number of persons subscribed to the
cost of its erection; and it was called the
/•‘Pillar of Peace.” A few weeks since,
however, wo learn fro u the London Times,
the people of Laugh old were alarmed by
a loud noise, as of a peal of thunder N
from the heavens, and upon looking to
wards the summit, they found tluit theiiT
>ld landmark lay in ruins about its. base’
-Lu o.uiuou .. aeciddflth
No. 17.