Newspaper Page Text
I .JOHNSTON, * Publisher,
FOR THE
[ff PUBLISHING CO.
TP (Ob OF SUBSRIPTIOSi »
nvv. Six Months *. i I >°°
ppv. Tim e Months : : 75
Munyx In Advance.
IVI.T liTLI-S for advertisements
L,, \n> on the first appearance of the
-uetit. «xcept when biherwise » r *
|l,\ contract.
for the Sim *
gentlemen are regularly au
■ a-'ents for the Sun :
-T. K. Smith,
S. M. Griffin,
Kmu.f.-Juh. W. Seward,
W, Hon. 11. F. Urimberry,
E \V. Arnold,
E kt Dnnean Jordan,
p« i-s D. Barvald,
L Kdwin Belcher,
L Jesse 11. Griffin,
kiuj.—John Few.
Lh L. M. Pleasant.
L ta _C. H. Prince.
Lins- Jn<>. D. Dudly. »,
t„sr are requested to 48t as
lor ns. ... ,
L t .j,., H must be made by Rtogwtereu
hr I*> • t Office Order, and must be atl
fto the
Sun Publishing Company,
Bainbridge, Ga.
ity and County Directory.
11 UN BRIDGE POST OFFICE ‘.
rtin • <»f mails : ,
iin d Gulf Railroad mail clofies at
three p. m. daily except Sundays,
pale'diicola and Offices on the l,i\er,
„ek a. m. Mondays and Thursdays.
Juiuev and West Horida, at i a. in.
L Thursdays and Saturdays.
at s*p. tu- Tuesdays,
h-ani Mills at (> p. m. Fridays,
i open from fi a. m. to 5 p. m every day
Sundays. Open on Sunday from Bto 9
n,,.„v Order business from 6 a. m. to
N. L. Cloud, P. M.
COUNTY' officials :
ft Jiroekett, - - Ordinary,
L I’. Hampton, - Clerk.
L W. Harrell, - Sheriff.
En i>. Griffin, - I ftX L ' (U -
I Griffin. ' Tax Bee vr.
Illavrell. - Treasurer.
L j. ( heir, - Coroner.
county commissioners :
Iroekett, Ex-Offi., Samuel S. Mann,
E. Whigliam, Gabriel Dickinson
Owen Nixon.
CITY OFFICIALS :
MAYOR.
E G Campbell.
alderman;
Ktrrell.
® tiffin,
, Bd'vne.
111. M,
aß’ardell,
f|| HUE DEPARTMENT '.
■McGill Chief,
iiistoa —lst Ass t:
in—2nd asst.
F.ngine Company : 1* oreman John
Secretary, Then. R. Warden—
eting Ist Wednesday night in each
Hook and Ladder Company Forc :
Wri-dit : Secretary, M. Kwileei
eting, 2ml Monday night in each
Hose : Foreman. U. .T. Williams :
lulian Wooten Regular Meeting
night in each month,
ike ; Foreman, Dayid Burgess _;
Hex. Nicholson. This company is
y organized, and is composed of
i. 'l lic einupaiiy is not yet equip- ,
dee.
SOCIETIES :
nirv Society :Rev RL IToniker,Prest
Secretary —meets every Tuesday
e Amateur AWOclliHoiuO G Gurley
\\. O. Donalson, Secretary—meet
lv night. _ r
i>, : ,,iing Society r Daniel McGill
F Wooten Secretary—Metts every
igbb-
courts:
s Court convenes (lie first Monday
itli.
ofessional Cards.
ming. J. C. Rutherford
NG \ RUTHERFORD,
UNEY’3 AT Law.
llttinbridge, 0,.
p over HuuneweU’s Store.
A RUSSELL,
ys & Counsellor at l*aw
'FIFE IN COURT .HOUSE,
practice in tlio Fataula and Ai
ds.
HPBELL,
RN EY AT LAW
Bainbridge, Ga.
ess entrusted to my care promptly
[>. Office in the Sanborn Building.
Wbitchy, Jno. E. Donalson
EY A DuNALSON,
R N KY S’ A T L A W
Bainbridge. Georgia,
e iu Sanborn Building,
A CRAWFORD,
>RN EY S AT LA W
Bainbridge, GS.
the Court House.
McGRIFF,
TOKNEY AT LAW/
Bainbridge, Georgia.
found for the present with C. G.
i Esq. Office No. 1 Sanborn’s
m3-3m
Its. JONES & HOYLE.
} FORMED A COPARTNERSHIP
reafter devote their entire atttentioii
dice of medicine and surgery, calls
rvor city promptly attended to.—
cases, or when desired, both will
hout extra' charge. Special atteu
to office practice.
: present, over the store of Rockwell
vnere they can be found day or
u not absent, professionally.
tIOO in Wall St. often leads to a for
ie. No risk. 82-page pamphlet for
dentine Tumbridge A Cos., Bankers
rs. 38 H’aU-st., N. Y.
ID. I
... - g *• s* .r~ -v &•.. -Hry _Tji ■ - vmvv. *.. ..
< VOL V i>l E IX. 4
Siimhi I
His Ziife.
A Sketch of a Remarkable Career.
Diaries Sumner, United States. Senator,
statesman, and ricbclar, died et THshing
ton, yesterday, March 11,1874, aged sixty
three years and twenty-eight days. The
event, riVVdou and unexpected, has created
profound and universal regret. The death
of no other man now in the public eye
Could have done more.
HIS FAMILY.
Charles Sumner was born in .Boston.
Massachusetts .on the 6th of February ,1811.
Ilis father was Charles Pinckney Sumner,
who died in Boston, April 2, aged
about 62 years. The elder Sumner gradua
ted at Harvard in 1792, and was the she
riff of Suffolk county. Besides the eminent
Senator whose life we are about to write,
he had another son, George Sumner, who
was a literary man of fine tastes and many
accomplishments and who is remembered
by historical students as the author of a
memoir of the Pilgrims.at Leyden. Char
les Pinckney Sumner published“ The Com
pass,” a college poem, 1795; ail eulogy on
Washington, 1800, the letter on Freema
sonry, IB29;and a discourse on the sheriffs
office in the saflie year. It was written of
this gentleman that“the happiness of man
kind was his controlling passion.”
THE SENATORS YOUTH.
Charles Sumner inherited all his father’s
talents and graces, and developed them to
a higher degree. Reared in a cultured
family, surroiihued by ennobling influences,
and naturally ambitious, he displayed in
his boyhood signs of those great powers
that wore in later years to iiiake him dis
tinguished. His intellect at this time, we
‘•re told, was as large as that of a man, and
histiiirsl for knowledge so intense as that
of Goethe's poor friend, Moritz Destined —
like ail the youth of family and fortufle in
Massachusetts were —for Harvard, he pre
pared himself at the Roston Latin School-
Mere b(> again displayed the passion that
was ever strong in him for the classics, and
a love fur history. At the close of his term
he carried off the highest honors, winning
the prizes for English composition and La
tin poetry, and the Franklin Medal.
COLLEGE DAYS.
It was Mr. Sumner's misfortune in life
to have had no biography worthy of the
name written of him. The honor that is
conferred upon mushroom candidates for
the Presidency did not fad to his lot, and
all that we know of his youth is drawn
from two or three bare sketches, all of
which seems to have been drawn from one
another. Os the date of the year he en
tered Harvard, the number of years he
spent in that famed temple of learning,
and of how he bore himself there, none of
these sketches tell us. When some loving
and capable hand writes the history of this
obscure period of his life, theae will doubt
less be in it nil example for the young men
of the country. In 1830 ho graduated, and
for another year continued in private his
studies. In 1831 he entered the law school
at Cambridge, where lie formed ail inti
mate friendship with his eminent preceptor.
.Judge Story, which continued down to the
death of the latter, Os him at the time lie
was at Cambridge it was written : “He
never relied upon text-books, but sought
original sources, read all authorities and
references, and made himself familliar with
books of the common law, from the year
books in uncouth Normon down to the la
test reports. It was said that he could go
into the law library of which he was libra
rian and find any volume, if in its proper
placed' While still a student lie became a
contributor to the 'American Jurist, a pe
riodical of standard authority.
AT THE BAR.
In 1834 Mr. Sumner was admitted to
the bar of Worcester,but practiced ia Bos
ton. His talents and learning were already
widely known, and he soon obtained a lar
ger practice than any lawyer in Boston of
his age: He was next appointed reporter
of the United States Circuit Courts, and,
as such, published three'volumes known as
“Sumner's Reports,” and still quoted. He
also assigned at this time the editorship of
ihe journal—the America?*. Jurist— to
which lie had before been a contributor,
which attained under his control even a
higher reputation than it had previously
had. Inning the first three winters of his
admission to the bar, Mr. Shunter, in the
abscei ce of Judge Story .assumed his place
as lecturer to the students—an honor so
high for so young a man that, were it not
for a matter of plain record, there would be
runny to doubt it. But what is even more
astounding is that, during the abscence of
Professor Creenleaf. he had sole charge of
the school, lecturing for the most part on
constitutional law and the law of nations.
These labors, as well as success at the bar,
advanced him so rapidly in the profession
that when in 1833 he edited an edition of
Andrew Dunlap’s “Treatise on the Practice
i of the Courts of Admirality in Civil Causes
| ot Maritime Jurisdiction” not even the
highest authorities,Chancellor Kent,Judge
Story, and others of their rank, were sur
prised at the ability and judiciousness dis
played. In 1836 he was offered a profes
sorship in the law-school and also one in the
I college, both of which he refused.
ins FIRST VISIT TO EUROPE.
BAINBRIDGE, GEORGIA, APRIL 1, L 874.
In 1837 Mr. Sumner visited Europe,
where lie remained until 1840, traveling iu
Italy, Germany, and France, and residing
for nearly a year in England. lie had now
won a reputation as a young lawyer of ex
alted talent and brilliant eloquence, and
bore with him letters which introduced
him into the best circles abroad. When
he reached England he was received with
marked distinction by eminent statesmen,
lawyers, and scholars. During his stay in
England, which was nearly a year, he
closely attended the debates in Parliament,
and heard all the great speakers of the day,
with many of whom he became intimately
acquainted. His deportment was so gen
tlemanly,his minds so vigorous and accom
plished, and his address so winning, that
he became a favorite with many in the best
circles of English society. The most flat
tering attentions were shown Mr. Sumner
by distinguished members of the English
bar and bench, and while attending the
courts at Westminister Hall he was fre
quently invited by the judges to sit by
their side at the trials. At the meeting
of the British Scientific Associations he
experienced the saffi.e
FLATTERING" ATTENTIONS.
Tn town and country he moved freely in
circles of society to which intelligence and
refinement, wealth and worth, lead every
charm and grace. Xor did the evidence
of such respect pass away with his presence,
Two years after his return from England,
the Quarter lei/ Review, gfluding to his
stepped aside to say : ”H$ presents, in
bis own person’ a decisive proof that an
American gentleman, without any official
rank or wide-spread reputation, by mere
dint af courtesy, candor, an entire abscence
of pretension, an appreciative spirit, and a
cultivated mind, may be received on a per
fect footing of equality in the best circles
—social, political, and intellectual; which
lie it observed, inaccessible to the itinerant
note taker, who never gets beyond the out
skirts of the show-house.” Eight years
yet, he received a compliment which, from
an English bench, is of the finest occur
ence. On an insurance question, before
the Court of Exchequer, one of the counsel
having cited an American case, 7laron
Parke, the ablest of the English judges,
asked him what book he quet and. He re
plied, “Sumner’s Reports.” Baron Rplfe
said. “Is that the Mr. Sumner who was
once in England?” On receiving a reply
in the affirmative. Baron Parke said: “We
shall net consider it entitled to the less at
tention because reported by a gentleman
whom we all knew and respected ?” These
facts are drawn from a sketcli of Mr. Sum
ner printed in the book called “Men of Our
Day.”
IN BOSTON AGAIN.
On his return to Boston lie resumed
practice, and in 1844—46 published an
alaborate edition, with annotations, of
Mersey's reports, in twenty volumes. He
had previously voted with the Whig party,
but took no part in politics until 1845,
when, on the Fourth of July, he pronoun
ced an oration, before the Boston authori
ties, on the “True Grandeur of Nations,” in
which he diitinctly laid down the principles
that - 3ere eve'r afterwards the guiding mo
tives ofliis life. The first purely political
-speech ever delived by the illustrious dead
was at a public meeting held in FaneuiL
Hall, Boston, against the admission 6f
Texas as a slave State, November 4,1845.
“the true grandeur of nations.”
.But it was by the oration -with the above
title that the young tribune first attracted
attention, and by whicTi he prepared for
his future greatness. It was an effor"
worthy of his best days, when experience
and culture had ripened liis talents and
rounded his character. Hostilities were
then threatening between the United
States and Mexico, but he boldly denounc
ed the war system as the ordeal by battle
still unwisely continued by international
law£ as the arbiter of justice between na
tions, and insisted that fhts system ought
to give way to peaceful arbitration for the
adjudication of international questions, as
the private ordeal had given way to such
means for the settlement of disputes be
tween individuals. This speech attracted
unusual attention, and was made the sub
ject of controversy here and comment
abroad. Richard Cobdetf pronounced, it
-the noblest contribution made by any
modern writer to the cause* of peace.’
From the first volume of the “‘tv’orks of
Charles SumheiV’ published by Bee &
Shepard, Boston, 1871, we quote a few
sentences:
“ War is utterly and irreconcilably incon
sistent with true greatness. Man has
Worshipped iu military glory a phantom
idol, compared with which the colossal im
ages of aiicieht Babylon or modern Hiu
dostan are but toys; and we in this favored
land of freedom, in this blesstfi daj 1 cf R’gnt,
are among the idolators. The Heaven-de
scended injunction, know thyself, still
speaks to an unheeding world from the far.
off letters of gold at Delphi; know thyself
know that the moral is the noblest part
of man. transcending far that which is the
seat of passion, strife, and war —nobler
tlia n the intellect itself * * True
greatness consists in imitating, as nearly
as possible for finite man, the perfections
of an Infinite Creator; above all. in culti-
THE CONSTITUTION AS AMENDED-THE UNION AS RESTORED.
vating those highest perfections, justice
and love. * * * The True ,granduer
of humanity is in moral eleyatie’n, sustain
ed, enlightened, and decorated by the in
tellect of man.”
THE PHILOSOPHY OF LIFE.
Never were truer words spoken by man
than those which fell from the lips of the
deceased statesman in a lecture before the
l\
Boston Lyceum, February alB, 1846:
“Time is the measure of life r on earth.
Its enjoyment is life itself. Its divisions,
its days, its hours, its minutes, are frac
tions of this heavenly gift. Every mo
ment that,flies over our heads iMes from
v theTuture and gives to the irrevocable past
shortening by so much the tties-ure of our
days, abridging by so much the means of
usefulness committed to our hands. Waste
or sacrifice of time is, then, waste or sacri
fice of life itself; it is partial suicide.”
political life.
„ He entered earnestly into the opposi
tion to the annexation of Texas on the
groiifld of Slavery, and at a meeting in
Faneuil Hall made a speech against that
measure, which, like his Fourth of July or
ation. attracted the widest attention. In
184 G Mr. Sumner, then only thirty-five
years of age, made a speech to the Whig
State Convention of Massachusetts on the
I‘Aoti-slavery duties of the Whig party,”
m th(? course of which he said: “Rebea
of slavery under the Constitution and the
laws of the National Government is a
watchword more Christian and more po
tential-higher and more Christian and
more potent, far higher and nobler, than to
strive for repeal of the tariff, becauses it
embodies a higher sentiment and a more
commanding duty.” His next noticeable
public act was the publication of a letter of
rebuke to Mr. Robert C. Win,throp,.then a
Representative in Congress from Boston,
for his vote in favor of the war with Mexi
co. These acts compelled him to separate!
from {lie Whig party, and join his fortunes
to the Free-soilers, whose candidates he
supported with all his eloquence iu the
Presidential campaign of 1846.
NOMINATED FOR CONGRESS.
During tn?. abserce of Mr. Sumner from
Boston, lecturing in Maine, a meeting of
citizens was convened on the evening of
October 29,1846, to make what was called
an “Independent nomination for Con
gress,” in opposition to Hon. Robert C*
Wmthrop. Tpe meeting was presided
over by Hon. Charies Francis Adams, Mx;
the Committee on Resolutions, of which
Hon. John A. Andrew was chairman, re
ported the following:
Resolved, That we recommend to the
citizens of this district as a candidate lor
Representative in the National Congress
a man raised by his pure character above
reproach, whose firmness, intelligence, dis
tinguished ability, rational patriotism,
manly independence, and glowing love of
liberty and truth entitle him to the un
bought confidence of his fellow-citizens -
Charles Sumner, of Boston, fitted to adorn
any station, always found on tlie side of
right, and especially worthy at the present
crisis to represent the interests of the city
and the cardinal principles of Truth, Jus
tice, Liberty, and Peace, which have not
yet died out from the hearts of her citi
zens.
The resolutions were adopted unanimoua
!y-
Meanwhile Mr. Summer returned from
Maine, when, bn learning what Lad passed,
he at once withdrew his name in the fol
lowing letter:
On my return from Baftgor. where I had
been in pursuance of an engagement I was
surprised to find myself nominated as a
candidate for Congress. I have never on
any occasion sought or desired public of
fice of any kind. I do not now. My
tastes are alien to official life, and I have
long been accustomed to look to other
fields of usefulness. My name has been
brought forward in my absence, without
any knowledge or suspicion on my part of
such a purpose, and contrary to express,
declarations repeatedly made that I would
not, under any circumstances, consent to
be a candidate. Grateful for the kindness
of friends who have thought me worthy of
political confidence, and regretting much
that it rs riot bestowed upon some one else
who would fitly represent the idea of oppo
sition to the longer continuance of the un
just war with Mexico, I beg leave fespecl
fully explicitly, to withdraw my name from
the canvass.
Charles Sumner.
Saturday, October 31,1846.
■ IN THE HEAT OF THE ANTI-SLAVERY STRUGGLE.
During these years Mr. Sumner had
been actively engaged in the making of
speeches against the slave power. Among
these was a brilliant leetufe before the
Boston J/ercantile Library Association,
February 17,1847, on “ White Slavery iu
the Barbary States,” and a powerful speech
at Springfield, September 29, of the same
year, on “Political Action Against the
Slave Power and the Extension of Slavery.”
Another remarkable effort was made at
Worcester, entitled, “For Union Among
Men of All Parties Against the Slave
Power and the Extension of Slavery.” In
this speech lie characterized the anti-slave
ry movement as “a revolution destined to
end only with the overthrow of the slave
power of the United States.” We have
already alluded to his espousal of the Free
soil cause in the Presidential contest of
1848. This review briugs us down to 1850,
when he made up to that time what was
considered his masterpiece of oratory. It
was before the Free soil State Convention,
and in it he administered a most terrible
rebuke toppor Millard Fillmore, whom he
has soon followed to the grave, for signing
the fugitive-slave bill..
A SENATOR.
On the 24th of April, 1851, after the
withdrawal of Mr. Webster from the Sen
ate to take a place iii the Cabinet of Mr.
Fillmore, ML Sumner was nominated to
fill the vacancy by a coalition of Free-soil
ers and Democrats, and aflel* a fliost pro
tracted and eal-rlest struggle he was elect
ed. The Anti-slavery party dll over the
country celebrated the event by public re
joicings, He entered, the national coun
cils firmly “pledged to oppose all section
alism, whether it appear iu constitutional
efforts by the North to carry so great a
boon as freedom into the slave States, or
in unconstitutional efforts of the South,
aided by Northern allies, to carry the sec
tional evil of slavery into the free States;
or in whatever efforts it may make to ex
tend the sectional domination of slavery
over the AUtional Government.” His
first efforts in Congress were in aid of
granting aid to railroads in the new West
ern States, but the cause that was so dear
to his heart was to soon have the able ad.
vocacy of his eloquent tongue. His first
graud speech was made on the 26tli of Au
gust, 1852, on liis motion to repeal the
fugitive slave law. It was entitled, “Free
dom National, Slavery Sectional.” In this
speech Mr. Summer laid down the formula
embraced in tlie title of his oaation. The
world knows how rigidly lie afterwards ad
hered to it.
“THE LANDMARK OF FREEDOM; FREEDOM NA
TIONAL.”
The next distinguishing act of his Sen
atorial cgpeer was a speech made during
the discussion of the repeal of the Missou
ri Compromise and of the Kansas ques
tion, lh which he took a prominent part.
Speaking of that “question of questiens, as
far above others as liberty is above the
common things of life, which it opens anew
for judgment, v he said: “Sir, the bill
which you are now about to pass is at
once the worst and the best biff oh which
Congress has ever acted. Yes, sir, worst
and best at the same time. It is the worst
bill, inasmuch as it is a present victory of
slavery. In a Christian land, and in an
age of civilization, a time-honored statute
of freedom is struck down, opening the
way to all the countless woes and wrongs
of human bondage. Among the crimes of
history another is about to be recorded,
which no tears can blot but, and which, in
better day, wffl be read with universal
shame. Do not start! The tea tax and
stamp tax, which aroused tlie patriotic
rage of our fathers, were virtues by the
the side of your transgression; nor would
it be easy to imagine at this day any
measure which more openly and perversely
defied every sentiment of justice, humani
ty, and Christianity. Am I not right,
then, in calling it the worst bill on which
Congress ever acted? But there is an ri?ti
er side to which I gladly turn. Sir. it is
the best bill on which Congress ever acted,
a* .. . 7-1- i*
for it annuls an jlagt compromises woth
slavery and makes all.
FUTURE COMPROMISE IMPOSSIBLE.
Thus it puts freedom and slavery face to
fa‘cs,Rnd bids them grapple. Who can doubt
the result? It odens wide the door of the fu
ture,when,at last,there will really be a North
and the slave power will be broken; when
tills wretched despotism will cease to dom
inate over our Government,no longer im
pressing itself upon everything at home and
abroad;wlien the National Government slial
be divorced in every way from slavery;and,
according to the true intention of our fathers
freedom shall be established by Congress
everywhere—at least beyond the local limits
o? the States, Slavery will then tie
driven from its usurped foothold here in
the District of Columbia, in the national
Territories, and elsewhere beneath the, na
tional flag: the fugitive slave bill, as vile as*
it is unconstitutional, will become a dead
letter; and tUe domestic slave trade, so far
as it can be reached, but especially on the
high seas, will be blasted by Congressional
prohibition. Everywhere with the sphere
of Congress the Qhreat Northern Hammer
will descend to smite the wrong; and the
irresistible cry will break forth; “No more
slave States!”
THE UROO KS ASS YULT.
Mr. Sumner’s last speech, upon “The
Crime Against Kansas,” occupied two days
in its delivery, and wris universally admitted
to fie the heaviest blow that had up to that
date been struck at the slave gower. It weri
bitt r in somo.of its passages, made so by
the vulgar and indecent personal assaults
of the Senator from South Carolina (Mr.
Butler) upon him. On May 22, two days
afterwards. Preston S. Brooks, member of
Congress from South Carolina, and nephew
of Senator Rutler, entered the Senate
Chamber after the Senate had
while Mr. Sumner was seated at his desk
engaged in writing, and with blows on the
head from a gutta-percha cane, struck the
l OFFICE, BROVGHTOX ST.,.
} Sanborn Building. ,
Senator to the floor, where he left him in
sensible. On June 2 a committee of the
House of Representatives reported in favor
of Mr, Brooks’ expulsion on account of his
brutal assault, and upon the final action
upon the report there were 151 votes in
fa\or of.£and 95 tipposed to it, w’hieh being
less than the requisite two-thirds Vote,
prevented House from agreeing to the
resolution. Mr. Brooks, however, resigned
his seat, and on July 8 pleaded guilty be
fore the court at trashing ton upon an in
dictment for assault, and was sentenced to
pay a fine of S3OO. This affair occasioned
the most inteii’Se .excitement throughout
the country. Public meetings were lield in
different parts of the North and the brutal
outragii denounced.in unmeasured terms.
The result of the injuries to Mr. Sumner
was a lopg and serious disability, from-which
he was three or four years in recovering.
HIS SECOND TERM.
Mr. Sumner's term expired March 4
1857, but in the proceeding January tlid
Massachusetts Legislature had re-elected
him by a unanimous vote in the Senate,
while in the House of Representatives,
consisting of several hundred members,
there were but seven votes against him.
Under the advice of his physicians he went
to Europe for the benefit of hip, health in
March, 1854, and returned the autumn
to resume his seat in the Senate. Not
having entirely recovered his health—in
deed he never did—he went abroad in May,
1858, and submitted to an extraordinarily
severe medical treatment, which did not
terminate until the autumn .of ,1859, When
he again returned liome. His first notable
effort after resuming his seat was the de
livery of an elaborate speech in the Senate
denouncing the influence of slavery on
character, society, and civilization, which
was afterwards printed under the title of
“ The Barbarism of Slavery.”
THE CRISIS OF 1800,
Having recovered much of his former
strength, Mr. Sumner threw himself into
the campaign with all the ardor of his
nature. He made numerous speeches in
favor of the election of the Republican
Presidential ticket, Abraham Lincoln and
Hannibal Hamlin. After,the election and
during the critical period that followed the
success of the Republicans in the Senate
during tne discussions resulting from the
succession of the Stave. States,% earnestly
opposed all compromise with slavery and
early proposed emancipation as tlie only
means of bringing the war to a speedy
close. In speeches before great popular
gatherings in New York and TUorcester.
November 27th, and October 1, 1861, Res
pectively, he urged the same policy tvitii all
1 the eloquence and- arguments at his com
mand. Jn there, as in all his efforts against
the slave power, he based his arguments
not only on moral arid .historical, but also
on constitutional grounds, and always held
that tjie position lie took w’ere in strict ac
cordance with the Constitution.
DURING TIIE WAR.
Mr. Sumner, of course, gave an earnest
support to the Administration and to all
measures for carrying on the war. On the
4th of March, 1861, he became chairman
of the Committee on Foreign Relations, a
position he held uninterruptedly down to
18 <l. One of his most remarkable speeches
during the war was an argument to the
effect that the ceizure of Messrs. Mason
and Slidell on board the steamer Lrent was
unjustifiable-o rifhe principles of internation
al law, which had always been maintained
in the United States. During these years
Mr. Sumner’s important acts may be briefly
stated as follows: Introduction of resolu
tions relative, to the arrests of treasonable
persons: a proposition to repeal the fugi
tive-slave law; resolutions extending the
suffrage to colored persons, on excluding
them from the cars, on making them wit
nesses, and for repealing the laws regulat
ing the coastwise slave trade; freeman’s
bill; on equalizing the pay of soldier?;
amendments to'the reconstruction bill, the
Missouri bill,, to the national currency bill,
to lutters of marque, West Virginia bill;
resolutions on foreign mediation, on the
prosecution of the war, arid the relations
of the insurrectionary States , letter res
pecting the President and emancipation;
resolutions relative to the i’isurfectionary
States, to the repeal, debt, to representa
tion in the Senate, inquiry' for the Hamp
ton' Roads conference; proposition in the
Louisiana case; resolution relative to the
ratification of a constitutional amendment;
proposed constitutional amendment respect
ing representation; new rule of the Seriate.
In 1864 he was one of tue committee which
escorted the remains of Mr. Lincoln to
Illinois, and also a member of the Loyalists’
Convention, which met in this city in 1866.
In the campaign of 1864 he had borrie his
full share of the battle.
SINCE THE WAR,
, At the close of the war Mr. Sumner ad
dressed a!! his abilities to the solution ol
the question which had grown out of that
dreadful struggle—reconstruction, the pro
tection of thefreedraen.the payment of the
debt, &c. Among his notable speeches
was one entitled “The National Security
and the National Faith,” delivered before
the Republican State Convention of Ma -
sachu3etts, September 14.1865, which was
a plea for the abolition of all the laws dis-
IHSfSmYjsOS.
THE PUBLISHED EVERY
v'Wiet) 4.
WEDNESDAY.
Our Club Mateo i
Me desire tlie i-tfbrts of our friends in
u hern Georgia jo the extension of the cir
culation of the Hun ; and, in answer to tho
letters received daily in regard to the matter,
we .n4V.r them to our Glebing Rotes below:
Five Copies, one year - -
Ten (JopieS “ ... 17
Fifteen Copies ...
Twenty Copies ... yg
Parties in the-City failing loigot their pa
per will please repoit to tho office.
criminating against the colored race.
Another remarkable speech was entitled,
“protection of the Freedmen, Actual Con
dition of the Rebel States,” in which he
argued against throwing the mantle of ob
livion over the crimes of the Southern peo
ple, and agaip trusting them with power.
In 1865 he submitted a series of proposi
tions for the reorganization of the Southern
States, in which he took the ground that
thgy had committed, in the language of the
fow.fefr de se, by secession, and proposed
an entire new system for them, to be fram
ed by Congress. In 1866 he made his first
great speech in favor of equal rights, uu
idea which lie persistently followed to the
day of his death. During the usurpations
of Andrew. Johson he made several power
ful arguments against the one-man power
aud in favor of his impeachment. The
tenure .of service bill received his support
in a characteristic speech abounding in
Constitutional arguments. Repudiation
deceived.its heaviest blows in the Senate
from him.
THE CAMPAIGN OF ] 868 AND AFTER.
Mr. Sumner heartily supported (Aunt
and Colfax in 1858, and delivered several
powerful speeches in aid of their election,.
The issues that lie made in the campaign
were equal fights, the pacification of the
South, and the preservation of the fruits of
the war. During the discussion of our
claims against Great Hritain Mr. Sumner
y„ '
was, of course, the great central figure. Jty
was through his efforts that the! Johnson
Clerendon treaty for the settlement of
these claims was defeated. He demanded
the fullest reparation from England, and
was the, author of the claims for consequen
tial damages. Since that time Mr. Sum
ner's history is known to every man who
reads. His greatest triumphs have been
his powerful speeches for equal rights and
amnesty, a lecture on “The Ballot,,” unsur
passed among his own works, ar.d another
powerful one delivered during the Franco-
Prussian war, entitled “The Duel Between
France and Germany,.and its Lessons to
Civilization,” an elaboration of his Fourth
of July oration nearly thirty years ago.
ITIS SUPPORT OF MR. GREELEY.
The cjuarrel of the President with Mr.
Sumner is, of course, fresh in the public
mind, as is also its origin. Mr. Sumner
was opposed to the annexation of the Island
of San Domingo, aud the President favor
ed it Had Mr. Sumner been more forgiving
aim ure viesment ourieu ms resentment in
this case, as lie didin that of Admiral Por
ter, the bitter estrangements and feuds of
the last few’ years might have been pre
vented, As it was, Jlie Senator was de
posed from the chairmanship of the Foreign
Relations Committee and by his powerful
speeches defeated the President’s pet pror
ject. 11l 1872 Mr, Sunnier declared for
Mr. Greeley, and supported him actively
during that famous campaign. The winter
of the same year he offered his celebrated
“battle flag” resolution, which created a
temporary storm of indignation, and pro
voked the censure of the Massachusetts
Legislature. That censure was repealed a
few weeks ago, and on the very day that
Mr. Sumner was stricken with the fatal
blow 7 , Mr. Boutwell, of Ms s achusetts, in
the Senate, presented a letter of the Gov
ernor of Massachusetts, transmitting the
resolution of the Legislature of that State
rescinding and annulling the resolution of
December 18,1872, relating to army regis
ter? And battle flags, which were read. The
resolutions of December 18, 1872, were of
course those censuring Mr. Sumner on ac
count of introducing the bill in the Senate
to strike from the army register and battle,
flags the names of the battles of the rebel
lion.
MR. SUMNKtt’s WORKS
consist of his speeches, pamphlets, and pa
pers contributed to the Atlantic Monthly,
The first edition" of th em was issued iu 1856..
Messrs. Lee & Shepherd begun the publi
cation of a second edition in 1870, edited
by Mr. Sumnsr.„, himself. Many volumes
had been published, but fie was engaged
upon the concluding ones at the tixneofhitf
death.
"• • \
IMPORTANf Movement Amono the Sa
vannah Grocer y Men.—A movement is on
foot among tb'e grocery men to effect some
change in the present system of credit,
whereby heavy losses are entailed. It is
proposed that each grocer who joins the
band shall have printed a list of those whom
he has credited, and froft whom he finds
it impossible to secure payment of the just
debt without gomg.to the expense of a law
suit. These lists will be exchanged, and
in this manner every member will be advised
as to who are bad customers, and under,
pledge will refuse to sell them, except lor.
cash. The proposition was made a day or
: two sfnee, and already soipe twenty or more
-of the grocery men, almost exclusively re
tailers, have signed paper. It will bo
observed by the notice another col p jiu
that a convention is called for mouday next,
when some decided action will be taken in
the premises. We are requested to call
the attention of all interested to the notice.
Morning News. 6th.
7Tie Khan of Khiva has paid 100,000
roubles of the indemnity imposed upon
him.