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rpiSKhcd Every Thursday.] B lirau Sue ■SHNSTON, : Publisher, Iflfjy CO. OF SM’sHirriOV : ■ $2.00 . (Oh* j a/. K siv Months H- U, |-hr. •• Months t 0 Mm iiy. in A'l’ o I Georgia Matters. S;ixc is *• *■ t down as a lmmbtig by tin-Georgia papers. ,< i. tting out retail liquor licenses. K:t't look worth a cent for the crutfadS?. nft, a i.cli' « non it is said are never run , they are always out of the way. cling held ill Atlanta on Saturday to K company to build a cotton iac- C i,v,tl.e sum of SO,OOO was sub «g9B ),v six gentlemen. imrsday the two literary societies cf WKb isty of Georgia elected their Com flHKiaiit orators. W. II- Fleming was tfA by the l’hi Kappa, and Charles Z. jggpftd hv the Geinostheniaii. Both orators 9Kn< Augusta. HKLal.a had a general old fashioned free other day, and now Frank Evans, ,rr. >t«-r is howling for the incorpora- BMBT tl.ut v illage. alth of Mr. Stephens continues very Bflftfjko" dealers are warbling arouud At ]••_ Owens lias been delighting 6'av- JyMLi g a litter of puppies brought into ; ,t Grisworldvillo recently, was one 3Kw,11-developed human head and four cl< •] < and human feet. IHp,, ( ,f the Brunswick Appeal, held a OgjßL of the tickets that drew the $75,000 jjSSL-t,, Louisville Lottery. His propor tion m sL.'»oo |BB< I V Morris, <»n«' of the oldest printers fgjtygf r mi ’! uesday. jB), nf ihe city cemetery at the timeEf his death. H| hn al. ill the Southwestern Road is paired, and trains are now running wßi gular trips. . J|B^ an ; ~f has been offered for tho Axifß• i cnlin Lo/.ur, who murdered L. C. viile. Wilcox county, on tho IL' is sopyioaf il to nave gone m H,., tin;', of Florida. agjh :r. Carpenter, the >sr(l Tiiur.h ivr of young Cole, r uhv; r, has been taken to Savannah, MMUk, U kcv e.ag. New testimony bears agf.inst the a. ensed. 88,,, t ], Farolina man, sojourning in At mm , ( „ JX doses «,f morphine and table and is stid ftliVe. HK, , . hut t Cnitou FtH’tOlV, ill Mill til V tllßjlity, wilt soon hv' increased to 2,OUU spin mm it will tin n give employment to sixty BB consume seven hundred bales of ooUtm annually. MKolnrs. arnv and with glass cutters, are thin. > !i vt ly in All«uit*i. expects to receive live hundred <>f v'. .tton this week, whereupon the Ln r concludes that .the cotton isn't all out |m< country. Albany .Wiry says there is no com llfeu hoard from the farmers. Y.alAn'crs are square up to tno most exacting con ami the prospect for ample tillage and harvests. is becoming civilized. The boys p.av.g tear down signs and gates ixs K i; ' v as any of the night bummers of Valley or Perry.* Dalton t tii'H remarks that “Col ■TC-. of tin Macon Tt’'graph, is the ohlsst ui tin United States or-Canada. He i> distinctly what happened in Lib- county as far back as 1751.” e«i gatit new l'l-sidencc of Hr. Seaborn ulu'Ti y. of Cairo. Thomas county, burind m mtly. The lire wasjaccidcntal. ■ftte San .laeinto from Savannah for New earra <1 thirty boxes of green peas on tv p the lirst shipment of the sea flf£ % f ■h. Atlanta ''onopoiub nt of the Augusta .ax'- Hint the reported dueVbetwefen ■Ko. Alston and Clarke has not yet taken Bfe progTi ssing : but it is believed that no |Hi ting will take place. Mr. Avery, one of editors of the Constitution, assumes? the responsibility for the publication of >w'» card, deelariug that he did it witk B),:ors. Ho says he consented to its publi- purely on busines principles, and iu ffißgn h-vi no offense to Col. Alston. Efforts have made to settle the controversy by refer ■k tvv out>ivle parties, but all such parties ignoram** of the newspaper usages customs on the question of publishing BBfersv n&l ear.ls. and for that reason they were to proceed with the arbitration. Foreign. ■ Tlu P.>po has intimated that Archbishop Banning and nine otlur Archbishops will be au and C ardinals at the next consistory. B lYiiK* Kulakena has been elected King of Haa«au. to succeed l.unalilo. The elections Cunmu rcial news unimportant. ■ A d.spateb from Spain to the London Hour that an ammunition wagon oxplo §Hßcd in Marshal Serrano s camp, and tiftv men Blrvxc killed and wounded. [ The steamship Faraday, which was built ■ expressly foT laying cables, will begin on the I 6th of April to take on board the cable to be B ly<d directly to the United States. During the voyage of the Great Republic, I from Hong Kong to Yokohama, Lieutenant ■ G. Ela.. of the United States Navy, committed | suicide bp jumping overboard. A Catholic mob, on the night of March 7, [ attacked the Protestant chapel in Puebla, Mexico, smashed the windows and furniture, dcatroyed the Bibles and stoned tlie pastor, Antonio Corral. t VO.DCME IX. ) \ Vuni la 41. ! public Opinion. The judgment, or rather the sentiment of a community is often formed without reason, aud is only too often the offspring of senseless prejudice. A few men give direction to public thought, a sentiment springs up, and then to ‘controvert it is treason; discussion ceases, and then if there be any opposition it is heat’d of no longer. This was the case in South Carolina be fore the war, on the question of secession- A few lAen like Calhoun, Rliett, and Chevcs spoke. They were oracles, and the crowd kept silence, except to echo their words. The legislature filled nlost of the offices —not only the State offices but ma ny of the country offices —and the temerity*- which gainsayed anything said by the Ora cle was conclusive evidence of incapacity fur public office. Mr. Petigru was an il lustrious example. He believed that the preservation of the Union was the only guarantee of liberty; that the effort to force slavery upon the Territories was a folly. Os course this disqualified him for office office of trust or honor. His won. derful talent, his high personal character and his personal popularity were nothing in the balances. He biennially saw men who were his inferiors in every respect, placed in position to which it were idle for him to aspire. This thing grew, and demagogues —for there were demagogues in those days too — saw that to win they must not only be wholly secessionists, but be conspicuously so; must take position in advance, and say strong things. Men vied with each other in this matter. Public opinion became wild. The State determined to go to war on the issue of slavery in life Territories. Who dared say the cause was insufficient? Many a man of judgment felt so, but why throw himself before an avalanche?, The vote was small. Public opinion lash ed many a man to take ground against his judgment —none had the boldness to op pose, and South Carolina seceded. The votes throughout the South demonstrated that the great body of the Southern people were opposed to the war. The opposition was passive—it could not encounter the public sentiment, which was blatant. Its strength was lost for want of organization. Many thousands staid from the polls, and yet the majorities for secession were gen erally small. These facts are well known, but we too often fail to use the experience of the past in acting in the present. Those days of wild excitement, the war with all its horrible suffering, are all gone—gone forever—but we may wisely dfaw lessons from their sad experience. The war ended, hatred and prejudice to a triumphant, foe were only the too natural instinct of human nature. It was hard to look calmly and reasonably upon the situ- at ion—the thing as it is. The emancipa tion aiid every act of amelioration to the sail condition of the freedmen was regard ed only as an “act of triumph” by “a relent less foe.” We have now no Word of cen sure; we are trying to look at this issue not from any party but a common sense view. The Black Code was a failure from every stand-point. Unwise, but more un just than unwise and—unwise because un just. After the legisiation of 1865 Congress reluctantly undertook to meet issue. May we not say reluctantly, when we consider the delay? We may imagine too that it was not easy to determine that the coming legislation in Congress would be acceptable at the North. Rublic opinion at the South at once grew wild—wilder than in 1860. Common sense aud sound judgment were dethroned in u day—passion arid prejudice ruled the hour. Demagogues seized it to advance their own ends 1 The little lawyer, without the brain and professional ability to com mand practice, strove to draw it by being called “a bold and out-spoken Democrat.” The tradesman, shop-keeper, and many such people, strove to get custom by pro claiming that they were of “the tfde blue’ and a “Simon pure.” Public sentiment was morbid, and favored all this. The more reckless and unreasonable the ground a man took, the more certain of applause. Prejudice at once set violentle against any man, despite Ids character or his record, who dared say there WaS error even of judgment in those things. To talk about trying to secure a £ocd Republican gov ernment was treason. No. said the polit ical leaders, we will fight it out on the Presidential campaign. “These govern ments of the Southern States are uncon stitutional. null and void—that is my plank in the platform” said one; and the utterance was worth more for Grant at the North than tins Democratic vote of the entire South was to Seymour: Such folly iu boys would have beeu laughable—in men it was lamentable. 1 his was like a war for slavery in the Tefrito" ries which broiwht ruin at home. It was fighting fire in the woods when your house was on fire. It went, however. The politicians were wild and reckless, and the people suffered. The wealth and iutelli gence of the State took uo part in the for mation of the government under which they were to live. The people would not ? und this wild sentiment tyrannically refus ed to allow any one else to do so. Three BAINBRIDGE, GEORGIA, APRIL 9, 1874. eminent, native lawyers and three business men were offered seats in the Charleston delegatien, aM they were “given to know” if they accepted they would be “stunk out iu thirty days.” Pure I«Sd able men, law yers, refused for very fear to accept judge ships—one was actually elected who had to decline. Such was the tyranny of public opinion. Such was the madness of the hour. All was staked upon that campagin, and it was a Waterloo—Pluclier came but where was Grouchy? There was that plank —it smelt of wah. It W_as a light whereby to read Forrest’s letter. It was a rule of "construction which explained many a cam paign speech. In the mean time some Unprincipled scoundrels w’ere quietly ingratiating them sefees into the confidence of the Republi can party, and they were only able too easily to succeed. The colored people were justly and properly jealous of tlieir rights Notwithstanding the legisiation of 1865 and 1866, they had confidingly gone to those from whom they had a right reasonably to expect aid, aiid they had been repelled They saw that plank in the platform. They were told about it, and threatened with it_ Who can blame them if they had to trust some bad men ? Who can blame them if they have elected some men who have stolen with both hands and grown rich in a night? Rather lament* the folly of 1867 and 1868, which kept the people of the State from helping to make the government undef which they*were to live. Learn a lesson from the folly that staked an honest Republican government oil the chance of that plank. We have reason to hope that some peo ple have learned a lesson by the sad expe rience which the folly of blind prejudice has brought upon Republicans or well as Democrats—for misrule hurts all alike. Governor Magrath’s speech is, we trust, to be the key-note recall the beople to an ex ercise of their reason. If men could only ci ircise their personal judgment iu public affairs as they do in their ow’n business; their prejudices would not be considered. This will have to be done before there is an effectual reformotion in public affairs. The people must lay aside their prejudices, and work for honesty , Until they do so conventions petitions to Congress are mere occasions for demagogues to ventilate them selves. —From Greenvile (S. d.J Ttepub ! lican. The Nintli Crusade* At this distance in time the crusades are regarded as notable exempligeations of the romance of superstition. They are un doubtedly entitled to rank somewhat high er. As phenomena of human progress they have important philosophic bearings that ought not to be ignored. It is con ceded that civilization originated in the east. From what can be known through research and comparison it is probable that the first impulse was scarcely felt at all in Europe, apparently having expended its greatest force near its starting pofet. A later impulse, aided by pride of dominion and a restless spirit of adventure, made itself felt beyond the eastern shore of the Adriatic and the southern shore of the Mediterranean. Often chocked and"beaten back, it nevertheless forded its way west ward to the Atlantic and northward to the North Sea and the Baltie. It was only a little leaven introduced into the lump of barbarism, but its effects were measurable even as regarded the first generations to whom it came. And these effects became more positive ifi the history of each suc ceeding generation. The civilization of Europe during the period of the crusades Was crude and im perfect compared with European civiliza tion to-day. Its people were moved by impulses of Whose nature and origin they were ignorant, The spirit of unrest seem ed to pervade every rank aud condition of men. Just as this spirit touched the bound that separates amity and neighborhood quarrel the idea of the crusades appears to have taken form. The formulation of that idea may have saved Europe from nameless horrors. It is only known that the empty ing of European chivalry, fired with re ligious zeal, upon Palestine was the return ing wave of that civilization which invaded Europe from the east age3 before. It was the recoil of that wave. It came on crest ed With conquering spears, and so it return ed after many centuries. It rolled in Pagan and it rolled back semi-Christian. It was simaly the flux and reflux of the tides which wait upon man in history as the ocean tides wait upon the earth in its eternal round. The spirit of the crusades was emotional. Variously modified by circum stances the same spirit has been felt in every subsequent age. It is seen in what is passing at this very time, and attracting no little attention on evert hand. We allude to the “women's War” upon 1 the traffic in intoxicating beverages, which may possibly rank in history as the ninth crusade- The impulse of civilization iu this hemisphere, as in the eastern, is from east to west. The impulse which has given the great west all its triumphs was derived from the east. The sons and daughters of eastern men and women peopled the west. They could not take the luxuries ofadvan TEE CONSTITUTION AS AMENDED—THE UNION AS RESTORED. ced civilization with them, but they look the impulse of progress, and kept it alive during their prolonged conflict with unre claimed nature. The next generation felt the influence of that impulse and cherished it. Iu time improved means of communi cation gave new force to it .and as the force accumulated a condition of unrest came on. This restlessness was perhaps only the dis agreement between the strong impulse of a higher civillization and the surroundings. However that may have been, the result was seen in excesses of various kinds, such As flow disgrace the border lands of civilli zation When men read of these excesses they are ready to believe that v in border regions is going to pieces. .Out the condition of Europe just prior to the cru sades was similar. Yet society did not fall into chaos. There seems to be a law conducting all phenomenal evils to a cer tain point only the better to eradicate them. Thus the impulse of a higher civi lization appears to have inagurated a bitter and unrelenting war upon certain agencies held to be demoralizing. The movement originated in the west and spreads east ward. It is closing down upon us slowly but surely. It will not pause until it rea ches the sea; and no can say that the reflux of this ancient tidal wave may not invade Great Britain. It may suit some to ridicule this singular demonstration,but ridicule cannot stay its career. Like Mil lerism and other emotional demonstrations it appears to have all the occult force of an epidemic. Certainly it has all the force that relig ious zeal give it, and every reader of histo ry know r s something of what sort of foice that is. Religious zeal may be mlsdireci ed and misapplied, but it is a tremendous power under all circumstances. It is a power because it is in dead earnest. It is impervious id ridicule, aud it thrives on persecution. And the man who, or the combination of men which, sets out to ob struct such a movement will assuredly fail. The spirit of unrest is abroad, and it must have some objective point, in gaining which it can expend itself. It will riot dd to laugh at “the praying women,” nor can they be intimidated. If mistaken, as many believe, resistance cannot disabuse their minds of the error. It must work itself otit; and the world can learn something, if not too proud or too scornful, while the problem is solving itself. In the firs* place it is self-evident that intemperance is a great and growing evil. It saps the vigor of youth, develops the worst passions, and thus lowers the stand ard of morality. Law may interpose some checks to its growth, but it is agreed by pretty nearly all thinking men that prohib itory meaSUres do not destroy the evil. The truth is that the tendency to excess is radical, and no law can root out that tendency. Law can ouly lessen opportu nity at most; or it can lay on such restric tions that the traffic shall become a matter of hourly risk. But even that depends upon the enforcement of the law, always a difficult matter. And it is because of these disabilities that this crusade of tile women has bloomed into such formidable proportions. There is no law against prayer. Such as deny its efficacy need not fear it; and such as believe so much in its efficacy as to fear it, if wise will re frain from useless opposition.— Phil. North Ametican. Pofauity. The awful prevalence of this vice ob trudes itself upon attention, go Where We will. Iu cities, towns, aud villages, along the railway lines, and by country highways, one’s ears are daily saluted with profane utterance. The vice is hot restricted to ignorant negroes and abandoned white then, but those wearing the exterior of cultivated gentlemen, too frequently indulge in blas phemous expletives without seeming to think that their claims to gentility are thereby disparaged. Always the chosen costume in which the raging passions of men disport themselves before theis fellows, much of the profanity which smites tlie ears of tlie virtuous is the idle hecompaniment of ordinary conversation, without even the shallow vindication of angry excitement. But the most odious and deplorable evi dence of the prevalence of this form of evil is furnished by the great swelling oaths Which may be heard issuing from the lips of callow youths, and little boys scarce loosed from the traditional -‘mother’s apron string.” It would be marvellous—if the feeling of wonder were not swallowed up by the profounder sentiment of painful sor row—to note the fluence of these fledglings iri the dialect of the pit. For this lamentable state of things, parents are largely responsible; and upon them, mainly, depends its correction. Few men contract the habit of swearing after maturity, and if the early youth of the present generation of profane men, bad been properly guarded, the evil never could have reached its present fearful proportions. There is a peculiar charm far boys and youth iu this gratuitous vice, growing out of the mannish air it supposed to impart to the stripling who indulges it; and iflany a boy becomes ensnared iu the meshes of a vile and almost invincible habit from no worse beginning than a vain desire to re semble his father, or some other man. Slang, too, is the stepping stone to pro fainity, and a few boys descend rapidly from the low plane of home-circle cant, to the lower level of profane swearing. In this particular, as well as in higher depart ments of moral training, a grave Responsi bility claims the vigilant and untiring at tention of parents, and they can hot be too diligent iri guarding their children against this vicious habit. Nor are we certain that the pulpit is wholly guiltless with reference to the wide spread disregard of the third Command ment. The irreverent flippancy with which the Sacred Name is uttered in sermons by some preachers, is sufficient, to dull the edge of any rebuke they to profanity. But enough, the evil is great, aud seems to be growing; let parents auu preachers, and indeed all who reverence God, or even appreciate high-toned society, bestir themselves for suppression.— S. G. Advocate. E 7 atur&lhmtion. Sutton, Neb.. March 19,1874, To the Editor of the Inter-Ocean.] Sir: Having some difference of opinion with reference to the naturalization of foreigners, I wish to ask information re garding the following points; 1. Can a foreigner, by filing his inten tion to become a citizen, take a homestead, and then vote within one year ? 2. How long have they to live iri this country before they become citizens ? 3. Must children coming to this coun try get their papers before they are legal voters ? Flease answer ’ the above and oblige A Subscriber. 1. Any person who is the head of a family, or who lias arrived at the age of 21 years, and is a citizen of the United States, or who shall have filed his intention to be come such, as required by law, find has never borne arms against the government, or given aid and comfort to its enemies, is entitled to enter land under the home stead law Foreigners who have declared their intention to become citizens are per mitted to vote, having complied with laws of the State wherein they reside. In most of the States the period required to gain residence is one year. 2. Five years’ residence is required for full citizenship. 3. Minor children whose parents have not been naturalized, and who desire to be come citizens, must get their papers ot age, before they are entitled to the privileges of citizenship. The only difference in their case is, that the declaration of intention ia not required. For instance; if A becomes a resident of the United States when he is 16 years old. with the intention of remain ing here, he will be entitled to his papers on arriving at age. If he is 18 at the time of his arrival in this country, he must wait until he is 23 before getting his final certi ficate. Os course, when he is 21, he can file his intention to become a citizen, if he desires, and vote or hold property the same as any other adult foreigner. The above only applies to minors whose parents are not citizens. Children of persons wdio have been duly naturalized are considered citizens without any formal naturalization. —lnter Ocean. Good Advice. President Porte of Yale College gave the following advice to iße students of that institution the other day: "Young men you are the architects of your own fortunes. Rely upon your own strength of body and soul. Take for your star self reliance, faith, honesty and indus try. Inscribe b'ti flag. Luck is a fool “Pluck is a hero.” Don’t take too much advice—keep at your helm and steer your own ship, and remember that the great art of commanding is to take a fair share of the work. Don't practice too much hu manity, Think Well of yourself; Strike out. Assume your oftn position. Put pota toes in your cart, over a rough road aud small ones iftill go to the bottom. Rise above the envious and jealous. .Rise Shove the' mark you intend to hit. Energy evin cible determination with a right motive are the powers that move the world. Don't driuk. Don’t chew;. Don’t smoke; Don’t swear. Don't deceive. Ddn’t read novels. Don’t marry until you can support a wife. Be in earnest. Be self-reliant. Be generous. Be civil. Read the papers. Advertise your business. Make money and do good With it. Love truth aud virtue. Lowe your country and obey its laws. If this advice is implicitly followed by young men of the codntry, the millennium is at hand. The Ocala Banner says Mr. Jno B. Gro ves, the gentleman sent otrt to this coun try sometime since by Messrs, Powers & Weightman, drnggists, Philadelphia, to make a test of extracting the jntce of sour oranges and converting it into "citric acid, will soon famish us with a report of his operations. He is very much pleased with his success and believes there is as much money to be made on sour groves as on gweet ones, and with but a small outlay of capital. His report will furnish some val uable information and already some Os our citizens have embarked in this new enter prise. It is‘bad manners to walk into a private house with a lighted cigar in your mouth. j OFFICE, HKOVGIITO\ ST., > Sunburn Building. A Chapter od Manners. It is a sign of bad manners to look over the shoulder of a petsori who is Writing to see what is written. It is the height of bad manners to blow one’s nose with the fingers in the street or iri company; use your haudkerehief, aud if you have none, borrow one. It is bad manners ffcr a man to walk the streets with a female, and at the same titn* smoke a cigar or pipe. It is bad manners to occupy a scat While other people stand Around Without a seat. It is bad mariners to go into any person’s house without taking off your hat: It is bad manners to use profane lan guage in the presence of decent company. Ii is bad manners to use your own knife at meals in cutting off a piefie of meat, or to use it on the butter dish—get a clean knife. It is bad manners to go into Any person’s house with mud or dirt on your shoes. Itis bad manners to talk in company when others are talking, or to talk or whis per in church. It is bad mariners to talk in company to one or two persons about some subject which the others present do not ‘under stand, It is bad manners to stare at strangers in company or iu the street. It isliacl manners to say “yes” or “no" to a stranger, or to your parents or to aged people; let it be "yes, sir,” and “no, sir.” It is bid manners to pick your teeth at the table, and bad manners to pick them with a pin in any company. It is bad manners to comb your hair or brush your coat iri the eating room. It is a sign of bad manners to rudely jos tle those sitting or standing near you, par ticularly if they are strangers. It is a sign of low breeding to make a display of your finery or equipage. It is bad manners to boast of your wehtth or prosperity or good fortune in the presence of the poor or those less for tunate than you are. It is bad manners to spit on the floor or carpet, or to spit at meals, ond yet many people who think they are genteel do it. If you must spit at meals, get up and go out. Children ought to be taught at school that spitting is mere habit. It Is vttlgai’ to talk much about yourself, and it is very low r and vulgar to lie. It is bad manners to stand with your side to or turn away your face from the person yon are talking to —look them in the face. It is bad manners to stand in the middle of the pavement when people are passing, or to make remarks about those who pass. Tlie Convicts .Leased; Gcfv: Smith has leased all of the con victs, under the law authorizing him to do so, in his discretion. In distributing them his view was td put them in different localities and in various pursuits. The total number of convicts is six lmridted and thirty, and are leased out as follows: John T. &W. D. Grant, 180 for five yearfe at sll per capita per annum. Wallace, Raley & Cos., for the North Georgia Railroad, from Marietta to Elli jay, 100 for two yeas-s at sll per capita per annum. With great promptness thesd men executed their bond yesterday. The Dale Company 100 for five years a sll per capita per anntim; Smith; Riddle & Cos., of Washington county, 100 for five years milling and agri cultural purposes, at sll per capita per annum. Smith, Riddle & Cos., of Washington cotmty, 100 for five years milling and agri cultural purposes, at sll per capita per an num. G. D. Harris, of Rartow county, 50 for wofk iii irori works at $lO per anntim. The Northeastern Railroad Company of Athens 50 for 21 months at sll per capita per annum. Ilenry Stephens, of Baldwin county, 50 for one year, with privilege of two years, for in Kaolin Works, at S2O per capi ta per annum. This will average Over $lO per capita per annum. It is not often that the orthodox piilpit is accused of being too liberal on the ques tion of temperance. In Chicago, however, the Rev. Dr. Thomas, an earnest and able divine of the Methodist Church, the other day expressed the opinion that the use of wine and beer should be permissible; and further, th'at the substitution Os such drinks for strong alcoholic beverages would do more to lessen habitual druhkeness than any amount of misguided enthusiasm. Some of the temperance organization s have thought it necessary id rebuke this minis ter for the frank expressioh of his views. We have no doubt ho will be able to sur vive their censure. If the special advoca tes of temperance were a little more prac tical in their views and demonstrations the result accomplished would be fully as satis factory to the public and beneficial to the cause of morality. [Terms, Two Dollars a Year.] *83X33 SOUTH. Emigration to the Southern States. The Irish Citizen remarks, too man/ emigrants remaiu in the cities—far too many remain ill New York. According to some political philosophers, the growth and tfie progress of the large cities demand t* o. According to onr views, the pro flres.. and welfare of the emigrants com mand them to take themselves and their families out of the large cities and into the country, where they will build up their health instead of undermining it; save what money t hey may have instead of wasting itj learn economy instead of lavish expendU tore, and benefit by self-reliance insjtead of Wdoing ruin through temptation. Many good men and their families arrive with means which, if properly invested, aided by industry, would guarantee com parative comfort. They unfortunately re main in the cities until all their capital i£ wasted in living, waiting for something to turn up, and making well meant effort to get into some kind of business or employ ment. All goes finally, the loving family has to separate under various exigencies, and the members are more or less, bound irrevocably to the wheel by which they may probably grind out a bar existence, but without the freedom of spirit or action which might have dignified them, and kept, the family together, if they had gone right through the cities planted themselves on the soil. We have iiecn led into this expression of a deep conviction by a conversation with one of the most prominent and practical meii hi the fro rid of railroad enterprise} the mention of whose name will only add to the importance of the brief remarks wo mean to offer, lion. Samuel Sloan, iii company with another leading financial authority, recently made a tour through S6m ii Carolina and Georgia.. Mr. Sloan, it is scarcely necessary to sav, was former ly President of the Hudson River railroad} arid now occupies the same position to thO Delaware, Lackawanfiti, and Western Rail road Company. He is eminently obser vant, experienced, and practical, and the success of the enterprises under his direc tion m a sufficient guarantee of his sight and the wisdom of his conclusions. , Mr. Sloan,3 observation was aided by personal conferences with the most promi nent men of all parties; and we are happy to say his conclusions on the future of tiid South are of the most hopeful nature. If the government were to withdraw its sat ellites and permit the people of the South} black and white, to attend to their own affairs without the crowding of unnecessa ry and degrading intervention, the difficul ties which have waylaid Southern prosper ity would soon disappear. Os course, there are many and unavoidable chocks on the development of the South left by the war; but the action of the government has heightened, widened, and intensified them, '[’hey are not, however, insurmountable; and could be made of comparatively easy access by the exercise of wisdom, discre tion and impartiality on the part of tho government. One special fact we gleaned from Mr. Sloan—one of deep importance to those directing the course of* emigrants in thid couutry. We knew the field was wide and large, but the advantages presented in the best of the Southern States seem greatly in advance of anything offered in the West. The land in Virginia and Tennessee—the uplands of Georgia and South Carolina— are of excellent quality. They can be worked at much less cost than knd in tho West; cattle can be fed cheaper, the cli mate is more salubrious; the winter short, so that all the farmer can raise need not be expended in feeding his stock. Then these kinds can be bought at a very low. figure,and the settler, whether he comesf from over the Atlantic or the Kastern States, or the Western, is sure of a hearty welcome. - . Good men are needed, and the inhabi tants w ill hail them with good will and hos pitality. The settler can take his position the moment he plants his foot upon the ground, and nothing is needed to, insure competence and success, save integrity and honasty. Half Ihe industry and energy expended in J\ 7 ew Jersey or the West would gi\j3 superior personal comfort and insure fortune to a farmer in the now idle lands* of the States alluded to. We understand some organized effort will soon be made to direct enterprise and industry to this quarter. It is a good move, and we shall have more to say od the subject. AClianc©for ibyTarmers- The State Agricultural Society will hola its next annual Fair at Atlanta in October, It offers premiums to boy farmers as fol lows: Largest and most valuable yield cultiva ted by boy under 20 years of age, SSO. Chi ton, one acre, by boy under 16 years, $25, Corn, one acre, by boy under 16 years,s2s, We hope that the boys will go to ‘work with great zeal and energy for the pre miums. The money is a consideration, but the bailor of getting it would be greater; bat they both go together the winner would have a right to feel proud and press forward with a vigor and determination to still illustrate the boy in years of manhood. Who will beat, the piney woods or the? mountain boys? We advise piney wooda it on cotton. The Louisiana Cane Crop. —The New Orleans Picayune says: “The appearance of the cane fields along the coast was sever more encouraging and cheering than at present. Roth the plant and stubble have a remarkably healthy and vigorous appear ance, and should no BerioUs mishap occur,’ there is a prospect of a large crop of sugar this season. iThe mild winter has left the seed cane in a better condition than has been known since the war. It is to be hoped that our sugar planters will be con soled for the many misfortunes of the paaf season by a brilliant result of the ptojenv.