Newspaper Page Text
OOLUMBTJS:
Tuesday Morning* Oct. 4, 1859.
Muscogee Election.
The election passed off quietly in this
city yesterday. We give below the vote
at the city precinct. Those in italics are
Democrats :
for noVEENOR.
J. E. Brown 017 \ Warren Akin.... 727
CONGRESS.
M. J. Crawford.. 63B |M. Douglass 081
STATE SENATE.
E. G. I/awson...G'll | Hines Holt 655
REPRESENTATIVES.
C. J. Williams... 650 N. L. H0ward...641
11. E. Dixon 621 R. L. Mott 624
The other two prgcincts are report
ed to have given from 5 to 10 for the
Democratic ticket.
Gen. Bethnne, for Congress, received
62 votes at the city precinct.
At Edward’s precinct, the vote stood :
Brown 46 Akin 41
Crawford ..„ 32 Douglass 30
Bethune 25 Potter
Dawson 47 Holt 39
Williams 46 Howard 38
Dixon 48 Mott 39
Twelve o’clock, Oct 4, 1859.—The
polls have just been compared. Hines
Holt, Opposition, elected Senator, and
Gen. C. J. Williams and It. E. Dixon,
Esq., Democrats, elected to the House
from Muscogee county.
ffnitman County.
A dispatch from Eufaula last night,
states that in Quitman county, Guerry,
democrat, is elected to the Senate, and
Morris, democrat, to the House, by a ma
jority of 20 votes. Crawford, for Con
gress, received 40 majority over Douglas.
+.
The steamship Huntsville, the schoon
ers Lovett Peacock, R. M. DeMill, and
Claremont, from New York ; the schoon
er Margaret Reinhardt, from Philadel
phia; and the bark Saxony, Brig Lillian
and schooner Challenge, from Boston,
arrived at Savannah on the 3d.
We were favored with a call yesterday
from Wm. A. Clarke, Esq., of the Cuth
bert Reporter. We have also been
pleased to meet with Edward J. Judah,
Esq., formerly of the Marianna (Fla.)
Patriot, who has been in our city several
days.
Letter from China.
We have published this morning a very
interesting letter from China, written to
the Savannah Republican by a gentle
man, an attache of the American Legation,
lie was an eye-witness of the terrible
fight between the Chinese, and the im
posing armament accompanying the Eng
lish and French Ambassadors and the
slaughter ensuing, and gives a descrip
tion in detail. It will fully repay a pe
rusal.
The Montgomery Mail.
We inadvertently omitted to state in
our last issue that this valuable paper
has made its appearance in a “brand new”
vest. We congratulate the proprietors
on this evidence of its prosperity. By
the way, we seo that the senior editor has
taken his departure for the North to per
fect an arrangement with a literary gen
tleman as contributor to the Mail, and
also to provide for the publication of a
second edition of “Woodward’s Remi
niscences.” Success attend him.
East Tennessee and Georgia Rnil-
Road.
The Board of Directors organized on
the 27th ult., and re-elected their former
officers: C. Wallace, President; 11. L.
McClung, Secretary and Treasurer; It.
C. Jackson, Superintendent; R. C. Mor
ris, Engineer.
The Democratic Convention of the
Fifth District of Illinois have nominated
John A. McClenard for Congress.
A resolution was adopted endorsing
Mr. Douglas’ doctrine of popular sover
eignty.
♦
We learn from the Eutaw (Ala.) Ob
server, that one of she show-men attached
to Eldred’s Circus, killed one of his
fellow show-men at Clinton last week, by
striking him one or more blows. He was
arrested, and after an examination before
J. T. Richardson, Esq., was discharged.
+
On Wednesday last, at the Cass county
Fair ground, a shooting affair occurred
between Dr. Craven, of Atlanta, and Mr.
Jesse Powers, of Cass county. The at
tack was commenced by Craven, who was
wounded dangerously by Powers, who es
caped uninjured, as we learn from the
Carterjfrille Express.
Ktcli Men of Providence.
The following are the seven largest es
tates of Providence, R. 1., which is said
to bo the wealthiest city in the country,
in proportion to its population, New
Bedford excepted :
Property. Tax.
Alex. Duncan and fami1y....52,092,700 $16,7-11 60
Robert 11. Ives 721.500 5,77140
John Carter llrown 699,300 5,591 10
Moses B. Ives’ estate 670'100 5,360 80
Moses B Jenkins 637,100 5,096 80
Marshall Woods and wife.... <504.200 4,833 00
Charlotte R. Goddard 581,500 4,668 00
The Washington Constitution of the
24th, says the Acting Commissioner of
the General Land Office has transmitted to
the Governor of Florida another list of
internal improvement lands, embracing
10,954,89 acres in the Newnansville Dis
trict, which have been approved to the
State by the Secretary of the Interior.
Good Cotton Picking.
The Port Gibson Reveille says that on
the plantation of Mr. 0. S. Bridewell, of
Jefferson county, Miss., ten hands last
week picked 3,231 pounds of clean cotton
—the best hand picking 463 pounds, the
poorest 258 pounds. The youngest one
in the lot was twelve years of age.
Cuban Labor.
The Havana correspondent of the New
York Journal of Commerce has official
authority for saying, that since 1847, the
introduction of Asiatics to meet the
wants of Cuban labor cover 42,501 sub
jects.
The Rev. Lunis Eichelberger, of Win
chester, Va., a divine of the Lutheran
Church, for several years editor of the
Winchester Virginian, and more recently
a Professor in Lexington College, S. C.
died on Saturday, the 17th ult.
An old Frenchman named Andreas
Pitry, aged 75 years, died in Brooklyn,
N. Y., on the 18th. He earned a sub
sistence by playing the flute around the
streets. He was one of the old Imperial
tGuard of Napoleon the First.
*
A large boot and shoe establishment
on Pearl street, Boston, suspended pay
ment the 26th. Their liabilities are es
timated at $75,0@0.
<50(1011 Crops.
The Shrievcport (La.) Gazettef the 17th
says: The l&te showers have unproved
the hill-crops very mueh. The cotton is
loaded with small bolls, blooms, and
forms. It is believed by planters of ex
perience that all the blooms to the 15th
or 20th of this month will mature. If
we have a late fall the planters on the
hills may yet make an average crop. The
crop on Red River will be very good pro
vided the fall is dry.
The “ Wars of the Roses.”
Those who belong to neither party, and
those who wear either the white or the
red rose, will be gratified to learn of the
dawniug of a permanent cessation ot the
war between-the Montgomery Advertiser
and Confederation There is a prospect
at least of effeetiug :i truee, which we
hope may result in the establishment of a
permaueut peace. For the past eighteen
months the war has been progressing
without intermission until the Advertiser,
of the 3d, announces its purpose to de
vote neither space nor leisure to it for the
future. Wc would ifot be considered offi
cious, we hope, in matters foreign to us,
if we say that it has detracted much from
the interest of both papers, which have
from day to day been crowded, to the
necessary exclusion of much other and
more interesting matter. It would be
preferable, and better subserve the inter
ests of truth, to discuss public men and
measures according to their respective
opinions, and leave the decision to the
intelligent discrimination of their read
ers. W r e trust the Confederation will fol
low suit, and suffer us to congratulate
them both upon the burial of the toma
hawk.
The following is an extract from a let
ter dated Nashville, Sept. 24th, 1859:
The city election to-day resulted as
follows: S. N. Hollingsworth (Opposition)
received 23 majority over John Hugh
Smith.
The Opposition have a majority in both
branches of the City Council.
This evening, after the election, John
11. Smith, the defeated candidate for the
Mayoralty, received a corporal chastise
ment tho hands of Matt Brown. Both
appeared bloody and rather worse for
j wear.
There is an intense excitement on the
! streets. Speeches are being made in the
public square. Opposition exultant.
The Montgomery Ailvertiscr.
Samuel G. Reid, Esq., makes his bow
to the readers of tho Advertiser, in its
issue of the 3d, in a graceful and appro
priate salutatory. As to the future course
of the Advertiser,'it will be devoted to
the principles of the State Rights Demo
cratic party, and failing to secure for the
Southern States equality and protection
in the Union, is in favor of their with
drawal from the government. As one of
J the members of the press, we cordially
accept his tender of fellowship and
■ courtesy.
Aristocracy “Run Down at the
Heels.”
A New York correspondent furnishes
the following item of “hard up” aristoc
racy :
An arristocratic “ hard up”—saiiTtobe
a nobleman of England—has sent over
a superb dinner set of solid silver, weigh
ing two thousand ounces, to be sold in
this city. It is now on exhibition at a
down town jewellers’, and attracts the
profoundest admiration of all the flunkeys.
The original cost was some £6OOO, but
the consignees expect to sell it for at least
a third more, in consideration of its for
mer noble ownership. This fact, duly
vouched by a profusion of family crests,
gives to the silver its principal value, in
the opinion of the Fifth Avenue noodles,
who are flocking in crowds to gaze upon
this grand relic of a broken down lord.—
So we go!
Tile Jewish New Year.
As the Rashhashbone, or feast of the
Jewish New Year, was celebrated by the
Israelites of our city, we have clipped
the following in relation to their chronol
ogy, from the Charleston Mercury, in
the absence of more extended reference:
Tisri Rosanna.— This day, September
29, the month Tisri commences the
5620th year, according to the Hebrew
chronology. The feast of the New Year
is celebrated to day.
The Jewish year generally contains 354
days, or 12 lunations of the moon. Seven
times in nineteen years an additional lu
nation is introduced for the correction of
| time. The months are named Tisri,
Marchesvan, Chislen, Thebet, Sebat,
Adar, Veadar, Nisan, Ijar, Sivan, Tham
maz, Ab and Elul. Vender is the extra
■ lunation.
.
Our Rail Road—TJie Survey.
We learn that, the Engineer of the
i “ Opelika, Dadeville and Talladega Rail
Road” has at length commenced an in
strumental survey of the intended route.
He is now in the vicinage of Dadeville,
and reports the building of the road en
tirely practicable. The average cost of
grading rail roads is from §3,000 to
§7,000 per mile. Between this place and
Opelika there are several miles, that
; from a correct calculation by the Chief
Engineer, we learn will barely reach
§3,000 —no single mile will range over
the maximum cost of grading on other
roads. The average cost of grading be
• tween Dadeville and Opelika will only be
I about §5,000 per mile—thus making the
! total cost of grading between the two
places only §125,000. This will certain
ly banish the fears of the doubting, who
asserted that the building of the road
| was an infpossibility.— Dadeville {Ala.)
i Banner.
j *
The exports (exclusive of specie from
; New York) for the week ending the 26th
! ult., amounted to §907,569, which with
the amount previously reported makes,
since Jan. Ist, §48,431,797. In addition
to the §2,000,000 in specie recently
brought by the Moses Taylor to that port
§556,661,53 were transported during the
last fortnight for Euglish account over
the Panama Rail Road.
The Mobile Register of the 30th ult.,
says that the lion. Milton Brown, Presi
dent of the Mobile and Ohio Rail Road,
has closed a contract for the completion
of that Road to the Tennessee line. As
the portion in Tennessee will be finished
in time to meet the Mississippi contrac
tors this may be regarded as a virtual
completion of the work.
The Charleston papers of the 29th re
port that active measures are progressing
for the addition of two new steam vessels
to the Charleston and New York Steamship
Line. The Mercury says one-ninth only
of the amount required now remains
open, but it will be necessarily filled in a
few days. The estimated cost of two
side-wheel steamships is from $250,000
to- §300,000. It regards a tri-weekly
line the next season, as a fixed fact.
The (louston (Texas) Republic of the
, 22d, says that since the Friday preceed
ing, several cases of yellow fever have
been reported, and three or four deaths
have taken place from this disease. No
yellow fever has appeared in Galveston,
excepting the case of Mr. Hudgins from
Houston.
♦
Departure of Missionaries.
Religious services were held at Boston
the 26th ult., on the ship Annie Bucknara,
the occasion being the departure of J. X.
Haswell and wife, and Miss Sarah Mason,
who go out as missionaries under the
auspices of the Baptist Missionary Union.
♦
The letter which we have transferred
to our columns from the Nsw Orleaus
True Delta, will be perused with general
interest, as it discusses matters of inter
est to the South, and particularly to
I Georgia and Alabama. We have pub
lished it entire, without further apology
for its length.
By advices received at Washington the
29th, it -is stated that of ifie 3,000 votes
polled in Arizona for delegate to Congress,
there was not a single one against Lieut.
| Mowry.
Free Negroes.
A case was tried in Nansemond county,
Va., last week, affecting the rights of
free negroes to visit a free State and re
turn to Virginia, in which a novel decis
ion was rendered. A free colored woman
had been left some property in Pennsyl
vania, and after going there to receive it,
returned to Virginia, relying on her good
character to shield her from prosecution.
The Court gave the decision that she
should be permitted to remain. A cor
respondent of the Petersburg Express
says :
It was denied that Pennsylvania was,
in reality, in the category of a nou
slaveholding State (the onus of proof
being thrown upon the prosecution);
and it was so decided, from the fact that
there yet remains in the State a small
number of old slaves not embraced by
the statute of emancipation. The ver
dict, I learn, caused considerable dissat
isfaction among some of our citizens, who
deprecate it as a pernicious precedent;
though sympathizing with the woman on
account of her industrious, harmless, and
thrifty habits. What a commentary upon
the pseudo philanthropy of our northern
neighbors! Here is a negro who has
had ample opportunity to observe the
condition of her race at the North, but
prefers to remain among the “negro
drivers” of the South, even at the cost
of h'er hard-earned little earnings to ob
tain the privilege.
Politics in California.
Horace Greely published a letter while
in California, on the politics of the State.
It urged a fusion of the Republicans and
Anti-Lecompton Democrats on their can
didate for Congress. P. 11. Sibley (Rep.)
and S. A. Booker (Anti-Lecompton Dem.)
have withdrawn, and the field left to
McKibben (Anti-Lecompton Democrat)
and E. D. Baker (Republican.) The
Overland mail which arrived at St. Louis
the night of the 25th, brings intelligence
that the fusion between the Republicans
and Anti-Lecompton Democrats was a
failure, and the Republican Centra'! Com
mittee recommended the Republicans to
stick to their own ticket.
More Iron.
The Pensacola Observer of the 27th ult.
says: “The schooners Velma and Ruby,
and the brig Sawyer, arrived at the Rail
Road wharf in this city a few days ago,
with cargoes of rail iron for the Central
Rail Road.
“In this eonneoti'm, we will state that
we have received a letter from a gentle
man in Tallahassee, saying upon good au
thority, that President Houston, of the
Pensacola and Georgia Rail Road, has
arranged for iron for that road. This
information, though not officially an
nounced, is known to be founded in fact.
“Since writing the above, another car
; go of iron has arrived for the F. A. and
G. C. R. R.”
Yellow Fever at Key West.
From the Pensacola Observer we learn
that a communication has appeared in
the Key of tho Gulf, a paper published
at Key West, acknowledging the exis
tence of yellow fever in the hospital at
that place. Os nine cases received into
the hospital, five were yellow fever which
were from Havana. The writer says :
The disease in every instance where
seen early, has yielded readily to treat
ment, and only where the call has been
delayed beyond forty-eight hours have
we found it persistent or obstinate in its
character; and even under the most unfa
vorable circumstances all except one have
convalesced.
Letter from Dr. Jf. C, Nott.
The last Mobile Register contains a
letter from Dr. J. C Nott, on a mission
to Europe in behalf of the projected
Medical College at Mobile. He has vis
ited London, Paris, Vienna, Berlin, Flor
ence, Bologna, and every city and school
in Europe where anything useful to the
purpose of bis visit could be procured,
lie has picked up materials at these dif
ferent points that wiil place the Museum
on a footing with the first class institu
tions of the country, and as far as for
eign models are concerned, he prefers it
to any other college in the United States.
Militia of tlte United States.
The Secretary of War has, in accord
ance with the law, made an abstract report
of the returns of the militia of the several
States. New York heads the list, with
a “standing army” of three hundred and
-fifty thousand; California has three hun
dred and seven thousand seven hundred
and thirty; Illinois, two hundred and fif
ty-six thousand four hundred and twenty ;
Ohio, one hundred and seventy six thou
sand four hundred and fifty-five; Penn
syivauia, one hundred and sixty thou
sand; Massachusetts, one hundred and
fifty-eight thousand eight hundred and
forty-nine; Virginia, one hundred and
fifty thousand. The figures show a total
in the United States and Territories of
two million seven hundred and sixty-six
thousand seven hundred and twenty-six;
of which two million seven hundred
thousand are infantry ; twenty thousand
cavalry; twelve thousand artillery, and
thirty-four thousand riflemen.
It has been said that no nation has so
large and effective an army in case of
need, and that it is practically useless
for aggressive war, but formidable for
defensive purposes. The difficulty would
be in concentrating on any point assailed
as large a portion of this force in so short
a period of time as to render it effective.
One of the elements of efficient modern
warfare is, besides the facility of bring
ing into the field large and disciplined
forces, that of transporting them rapidly
to any point assailed or to be assailed.
Louis Napoleon showed in his late Italian
campaign the completeness of his ar
rangements in this respect. The French
papers boast that be can throw fifty or
sixty thousand men on any such point in
the shortest conceivable space of time.
The difficulty, from the scattered condi
tion of our militia force, would be its
concentration in sufficient numbers, to
repel attack on our widely separated ter
ritory. Our rail roads are still in that
state of immaturity as a means of facile
transportation of men and materials of
warfare, which would subject us to‘great
loss in case we are assailed on any of the
exposed points of that territory. The
thorough intersection of the land with
these iron ways is more than a commer
cial want—they are a military necessity.
Steplien A. Brandi not to be Found.
The officers who were in search of
Branch have not succeeded in finding
him. Ilis absence is put down as a case
of “mysterious disappearance.” At the
office of “The Daily Hand,” No. 42 Ann
street, a young man was found who said
he was his clerk ; that he did not know
his boss’ whereabouts ; that be bad made
no special agreement with him, but
Branch had promised to pay him well;
that he supposed he would charge him
§lO a week for his services; that there
was printed daily 4,000 copies of The
Hand, of which 2,500 to 3,000 were sold,
yielding a profit to Branch of §8 or §9 a
day, and that the circulation was in
creasing, many orders being received
from the South The officer went to 172
Centre street, and seized the forma of
yesterday’s Hand, on the ground that it
was an obscene publication. Mr. Car
rick, of that place, was the printer.—
Thus the publication of The Hand will
be stopped; in the meantime, the officers
will have an eye out for Branch. — N. Y.
Newt.
Col. John Preston has resigned his pro
fessorship in the Law Department of the
Louisville University, and is to be succeed
ed by H. F. Simrall, Esq. Col. Preston
is one of the executors of the ’ate Rob
ert Wickliffe, and as Hie estate is worth
ove? a million of dollars, it will require
ail bis time to attend to it.
LETTER FROM CHINA.
Departure of the American Legation from Hong
Kong—The Merchant Princes of the East — Ar
rival at Shanghai—Friendly Deception by the.
Commissioners —A Chines’ Feast —The Powhat
an in the Peiho—Full Account of the Great Sea-
Fight—Terrible Slaughter of English and French
—How the American Letter was Delivered —
Chinese Courtesy to the. American*—Expected i
Departure for l\kin, etc , etc.
U. 3. F. Powhatan. Off Psiao Piter.!
July 31. 1859. j
Ed. Sav. Rep.: At Hong Kong we re
tnained but ten days, during which time
we chartered for the navigation of the
Peiho a small steamer, the Toeywan.
With her, we then proceeded to Shang
hai, where, it was understood, the Chi
nese Commissioners were awaiting us.
Here, as at Hong KongT we were the
guests of Messrs. Heard & Cos. It would
be impossible for me to give you an ade
quate idea of the style, magnificence and ;
luxury by which these merchant princes
of tho East are surrounded. Their es
tablishments at Hong Kong, Shanghai
and Funchau are maintained at an al
most fabulous cost.
Immediately after our arrival at Shang
bai, we notified their Imperial Excellen
cies of our presence, and by request
made them an official visit in grand state
under an escort of fifty marines,.and pre
ceded by a full band of music. The en
tire Chinese population turned out to
gaze admiringly upon cur brilliant cortege.
After the customary chin chin (saluta
tions) had been exchanged, and a private
interview satisfactorily terminated, we all
adjourned to the dinner hall, where we
were regaled with the choicest Chinese
delicacies. Behind each chair stood two
attendants, who snatched away a dish as
soon as tasted, and replaced it with anoth
er. The number.of courses was certain
ly not less than forty. Among the nume
rous luxuries I may mention shark Jins,
birds’ nest soup (worth its weight in gold)
eggs fifteen years old and rather strong,
dog meat, rat pie, and whiskey made of
rice.
Two days after, they returned our visit
and were greatly surprised at the regal
entertainment of cur generous host.
Their appreciation of his good cheer was
manifested by sundry loud eructations
(said to be the highest compliment they
can bestow on such occasions) an uncer
tain twinkling of the eye and unsteadi
ness of gait.
The result of our interviews and nego
tiations with the Commissioners amount
ed to this, viz: that they, and they only,
could exchange the ratifications of the
Treaty; that it would be impossible for
them to reach Pekin in tinjie lo effect that
exchange by the date specified in our
Treaty, but that such delay would not in
validate the same, nor affect in any way
our right to exchange; that upon the ar
rival of the English and French Minis
ters, we could proceed with them to the
mouth of the Peiho, whence means of
communication would be provided to Pe
kin, and then, at the same time and place,
with them, make our exchange.
We left Shanghai on the 16th ult.
(two days after the departure of the rep
resentatives of the other Treaty Powers,)
and in our good ship, the Powhatan,
| reached this anchorage on the 21st.
| There we found at anchor Jhe English
1 fleet numbering seven large men of war,
| three dispatch and nine gun boats—all
i steamers. One large steam frigate and
one gun boat, also steam, comprised the
French force.
For two days succeeding’ our arrival,
the weather prevented our holding corn-
I munication either with tho ships or shore,
j On the third, we were informed by the
i Admiral that barriers had been placed
! across the river, which would prevent
! further progress; that he had communi
; cated with the shore, and had been told
j there was no officer of-rank there to re
| ceive him; that the obstructions bad
, been placed as a defense against the reb
els; that this was not the Peiho river;
| that the Governor General would be
1 down in a few days and meet the Minis
ter at the Northern entrance; and that
j any attempt to pass the barriers would
be resisted. Cheering news this, for
passengers with “ first class” tickets to
Pekin ! The Admiral further stated, that
he had given them until Saturday, the
| 25th, when, if the obstructions were not
removed, he would proceed to clear them
away himself.
Wishing to be beforehand, we left tiiis
anchorage on the 24th and crossed the
bar with the determination to proceed
until arrested by force, or fired upon.—
The channel is a very narrow one, im
perfectly surveyed, and with but a few
feet of water at high tide. While gaily
steaming under the guns of the forts, and
within a quarter of a mile of the first
barrier, we ran aground hard and fast.
All the ships of the English squadron,
whkh could cross the bar—the three
dispatch and nine gun boats, together
with the French tender—had, in the
meantime, anchored just beyond range of
the guns. The Admiral immediately
sent to our assistance a gun-boat, and we
attempted, but failed, to get off. He then
notified us that he expected to see us fired
upon every minute, and placed the gun
boat at our disposal, with the permission
to hoist the American flag at the main,
and the Commodore’s at the mizen mast.
This offer Commodore Tatnall declined to
accept. We then sent ashore a small boat
with the interpreters, bearing an official
letter announcing our arrival and readi
ness to proceed in accordance with the
terms of our Treaty. They replied to
our messengers in substance as above re
ported by the Admiral, positively refusing
to receive the letter, or even a card. As
was proved by the events of the next day,
we should certainly have been fired upon
had we not grounded. At 9p. m , the
tide rising, we were again afloat, and
dropping below the line of the English
and French, cast an anchor. During that
night a portion of the first barrier was
blown up by the English, and two shots
were fired from the forts. The day fol
lowing (Saturday) being the last day of
grace given by the Admiral, we watched
his movements with intense anxiety. At
10 p. m., the squadron was placed in
position for attack, and there allowed to
remain within fire, but without molesta
tion, until 2J p. m. Up to this time there
had not bsen seen upon the fortifications
a single Chinaman, nor had a single gun
been visible. The bows of the ships
having now turned with the tide towards
the entrance of the river, the Admiral
weighed anchof and passed within the
first barrier. Scarcely had he done so,
when he was fired upon from ‘the forts.
Quick as thought, he dropped his anchor,
returned the fire, and the battle became
general. Never, perhaps, had the ex
pression, “catching a tartar,” been more
applicable. The English and French,
entertaining an exalted opinion of their
own prowess and invincibility, and from
past experience, a very contemptible one
of the Chinese, anticipated an easy vie
tory. Two ideas seemed prominent in
the mind of every man engaged in the
expedition—success aud promotion
Gallant fellows they are, too ! Upon the
flag-ship the loss of life was fearful; at
one time but three men being left capable
of doing duty. The firing from the forts
was worthy of the most skillful gunners ;
it was incessant, and every shot told.—
But although every ship in the action
was struck, almost riddled by balls, not a
mast was shot away • to sink the vessels
being apparently the main object. So
well supported in point of numbers,
courage and ammunition, were the Chi
nese, that, although each of the thirteen
vessels engaged fired four hundred
rounds, yet not one of the forts was per
manently silenced. At 5 p. m , we re
ceived a message from the Admiral, stqt
ing his desperate situation, and request
ing the use of the Toeywan to tow up
their storming party. The Admiral had
then twice been wounded, had two ships
sunk under him, and had transferred his
flag to the third, whence, reclining on
deck, he issued his orders with the ut
most coolness. Commodore Tatnall and
Minister Ward consulted together upon
the propriety of rendering the required
assistance, and finally concluded that an
aet of humanity should not be construed
into a breach of neutrality. Before
leaving, however, upon this business, the
Commodore insisted that the Ministep and
entire American Legion should quit the
ship. We were, accordingly, summarily
despatched upon a neighboring junk.—
When the steamer, returned, however, to
take a second load of troops, we signalled
for a boat, and returned on board. We
then anchored in the midst of the vessejs, !
and, while transferring the men, &e.,
were in the thickest of the fight. Here
the cannon balls Hew thick and last
about us. One passed between cur heads
and the awning, and several so near that
I could have almost caught them in my
hat. Commodore Tatnall. like a chival
rous Georgian, as he is, went in his open
barsre through the most exposed positions
to pay a visit of sympathy to his wound
ed brother officer, the Admiral. While
within a few feet of bis ship, a ball
struck and sunk his boat, killing his cox
swain and stunning his flag Lieutenant
Trenchard at his side.
At half past six, the storming party
landed, under a destructive fire from each
of the eight forts. Swimming, and floun
dering over two ditches of mud and wa
ter they came to the third filled with soft
mud and iron spikes, which they found
impossible to pass. Here, entirely at the
mercy of the Chinese, who, it now being ,
dark, threw up rockets to expose the po
sition of their adversaries, they were i
shot down like rice birds. The desper- j
ate resistance, and deadly firing of the j
previous four hours, seemed not at all to
diminish the confidence of the English. |
An officer of their Marine corps, who, i
with his Company, spent, the night upon
the Toepwan, stood at mv side with his i
opera glass, and commented upon their
supposed progress and suecess.
Alas, poor fellows! they had despised
the old maxim, “never underrate your
enemy,” and dearly did they pay for it.
Os the five hundred comprising the storm
ing party, nearly one half were killed I
and wounded, and a half dozen approached j
nearer than two hundred yards of the
forts. Until 10 o’clock the firing was
kept up with undiminished vigor, and
during the entire night random shots
were fired on both sides. At daylight,
the English and French dropped beiow
the line of fire, leaving behind them
sunk, or abandoned, one dispatch and
five gun-boats-
Seldom, if ever, has a naval engage
ment proved more fatal; six of the thir
teen ships in action sunk or ab ndoncd, ‘
and five huudred out of less than eleven
hundred men killed or wounded. The
English Admiral, as above stated, was
twice wounded; the Frenoh Admiral
wounded; the gallant Captain who come
to our assistance while aground, lost his
head at the first fire. The Senior Captain
of the English Squadron was severely
wounded, and the Captain of the 11 May i
cienne” (English Minister's ship) was
twice wounded and suffered amputation
of the leg. The fleet Captain (a fighting
man with Crimean medal) was severely
wounded ; Major and Captain of Marines
killed, &c. &c.
The English have since succeeded in
recovering two of their ships. Even now,
eight days after the action, the firing
from the forts still continues.
On Wednesday last, 20th ult. our Min
ister being determined to leave no effort
untried to reach Pekin, or effect the ex
change of the treaty, entrusted me with
a letter addressed to the Govenor Gene
ral, and despatched me in the Toeywan,’
in search of the place (north entrance of
the Peiho) and the man. After steaming
about six miles, in a northerly direction,
we discovered junks’ masts over the land,
and an inlet well fortified. The water
being shallow, and no channel known, we
cou'.d only approach within four miles of
the shore. Thence we steamed in a north
west course for about five miles, and dis
covered a large village. The steamer
beiDg unable to approach nearer than
two-and-a-ha!f miles, 1 took a small boat,
and with Mr. Martin, interpreter, and Mr.
Merchant, midshipman, pulled for shore.
Itbeingthen low water, and the beach shel
ving very gradually, even our small boat
got aground at a distance of three-quar
ters of a mile from shore. We then boar
ded two junks in the vicinity, in the hope
of finding someone who would undertake
to deliver the letter, Both the junks had,
however been deserted at our approach.
Determined to fulfill my commission, and
seeing no other mode of doing so, I pro
posed to trade ashore. To this my’ com
panions assented, and rolling up our
pants, we plunged in. As we neared the
shore, we saw the villagers flying in
every direction, on foot, horseback, and
in covered wagons. Upon shore, we cuc
ceeded in holding communication with
two of the villagers, who told us or rath
er the interpreter (for neither Merchant
nor I understood a word of what was
passing,) that a large force of Tartar cav
alry was in the vicinity ; that runners
had been sent for them, and that we had
better hasteu back to our boat, as they
were seen approaching and would cer
tainly kill the party. The interview las
ted certainly not over five minutes, during
which time Mr. Martin was in such a
state of excitement that he did not trans
late a word for us. Suddenly we saw
him thrust the letter and cards into the
hands of the villagers and take to the
water for the boat. Merchant looked at
me, and I looked at him, with the simul
taneous exclamation, “ what in the deuse
is he running for!” It was soon ex
plained by the visible presence of a body
of cavalry, numbering some four or five
hundred, who came thundering down
upon us. No more questions were asked,
but never, I suspect, were straighter coat
tails seen, nor no better time made
through water, than on that occasion.—
We were pursued only a short distance
into the water. This running through
the water, up to the knees, is hard work
and poor fun, when kept up for three
quarters of a mile. An hour’s pull
brought us to the Toeywan, to the great
joy of our friends who witnessed the
flight and chase.
At 8 p. m. we were again aboard the
Powhatan. I wish you distinctly 7 to un
derstand (as I reported to the Minister)
that we ran, not because we anticipated
the slightest dangei or entertained the
least fear, but simply, because, Laving
delivered the letter aud fulfilled our com
mission, we were anxious to get back to
tha Powhatan and report thereon as soon
as possible!
On Saturday, 2d inst., two large junks
came down to us laden with provisions,
sheep, pigs, poultry, vegetables, fruits,
&c. They brought also a letter from the
Tonti, or Chief of the District, addresed
to “ The American Minister,” announ
cing that his letter had been received
into responsible hands, and would be
delivered to the Govenor General, who,
we understood them to say, will be on
the coast in a few days to furnish us
with means of conveyance to Pekin.—
What will be the result, what or when
our next move, it is impossible to say.
Yours, &c., POWHATAN.
♦
St. Louis, Sept. 25.—The Denver City
correspondent of the Republican gives a
statement of the shipments of gold, in i
various forms, by prominent business J
firms in Denver and Auraria, which aggre
gate as follows: Receipts, 573,000;
shipments, §45,000. The valuation of
the gold is at the rate of §l7 per ounce,
which is much below its real value. The
amount of gold brought to the Stales by
private individuals is included in the
statement. A Mr. Gregory left Denver
on the 14th for Georgia, with about
§25,000.
Leavenworth. Sept. 26. — The lion.
F. P. Stanton delivered an address on
Saturday night, advocating the adoption
of the Wyandot Constitution, on which
the people are to vote on the 4th of Octo
ber. The indications favor the ratifica
tion. Gen. Lane is again on the stump.
The question of exempting from exc
eption one hundred aDd sixty acres of
land for homesteads, to actual settlers,
will be submitted with the Constitution.
The Republicans have called a Conven
tion at Topeka, October 12, to nominate
candidates for State officers.
Cincinnati, Sept. 26. — An accident oc
curred on the Ohio and Mississippi Rail
Road, about twelve miles below this eity,
on Saturday night. It was occasioned
by a broken rail. One car was over
turned, and the rest were thrown off the
track. Twenty persons were injured,
but only one was killed.
♦
New York, Sept. 30.—1 tis reported
that Bishop jQnderdonk has been restored ■
to his official position, by the Protestant j
Episcopal Convention of this State.
TELE GRAPHICS ITEAIS.
St. Louis, Sept. 26.—The fourth an
nual Fair of the St. Louis Agricultural j
and Mechanical Association opened to- l
day, and although a heavy rain fell in
the morning, the grounds were throngei
—15,000 people being in attendance. Ine
Ist brigade of Missouri militia ‘joined
in the opening ceremonies, an I were re
viewed by C>l. Sumner of the Lnited
States Army and bis staff. Nearly every
State in the Union is represented, either
by delegates, stock, or in the mechanical
aud agricultural departments. The num
ber of entries already exceeds 5,000 —
more than twice as many as those of any
previous Fair ; still many more are to be
made.
The exhibition of stock is unprecedent
edly large and superior in quality, the
§I,OOO premiums for the best roidster,
thorough bred stallion, and thorough bred
bull having drawn here many of the most
celebrated'animals in the country. In a
ring of twenty draft stallious to-day, the
first premium was awarded to Charles B.
Mack of Loekport, Ky. The first pre
mium for matched horses was taken by
Wm. Reed, of Butler county, Ohio. The
city is densely thronged with strangers,
and every train and every steamboat
comes loaded with additional crowds.
Should the weather prove propitious the
Fair promises to eclipse any fair ever
held in the Union.
Albany, Sept. 20.—The Democratic
State Committee met at Congress Hall
to night, Ex-Mayor Wood, of New York,
and the following members of the Com
mittee were present: C. P. Schemerhorn,
Benjamin Ray, James Souther, W. Rad
ford, Matthew McMahon, J. O. Has
brouck, Orville Clark, John A. GreeD,
Jr., W. Baldwin and others.
John A. Green, Jr., was elected Chair
man of the Committee for the year, and
Matthew McMahon, Secretary.
The resignation of Mr. Ttmpson for
Clerk of tire Court of Appeals was ac
cepted. and Mr. Lewis, ot \ ates, was
nominated to fill the vacancy.
A Committee was theft appointed to
prepare an address to the Democracy ot
the State, with directions to report after
the November election.
A committee was also appointed to or
ganize the Congressional Districts.
The declination of John Cramer as a
member of the Committee was not ac
cepted.
The following gentlemen were appoint
ed to stump the State for the State ticket :
Ex-Mayor Wood, of New York, Janies
Wadsworth, of Buffalo, and Gen. Clark,
of Washington. The Committee then ad
journed to meet in this city again on the
second Monday in November next. All
was hopeful and harmonious.
4. -—■
Comap .U'-tece New York Journal of Commerce.
Washing:on, Sept. 27, 1859.
The Government lias received within a
few days very minute informal ion re
specting the island of San Juan or
Bellevue, which is now in dispute be
tween the United States and Great Bri
tain. Col. Lee, of the Topographical
Engineers, made a thorough exploration
of this and the other islands in the
Straits of Fuca, and reports that they are
worthless to either government for any
purpose whatever. Col. Rankiu’s report
is to the same effect. According to the
observations of Col. Lee, the principal
island, San Juan, is destitute of wood and
: water, and is entirely unproductive. The
; value of its harbor is also said to have
j been much exaggerated.
As no collision lias yet resulted, from
the precipitate act if Gen. Harney, there
is reason to hope that Gen. Scott will be
able to prevent the occurrence of any
difficulty hereafter.
It may be supposed that this Govern
| ment is very desirous of procuring these
| islands. Under the present Administra
tion, the islands will not be surrendered.
The Oregon Treaty, the first article of
which is now the subject of disputed con
struction, was not drawn up in this coun
try, though it was here concluded, and
■ bears the signature of Mr. Buchanan,
j who was then Secretary of State, and
! Mr. Packenham, the Biiiish* Minister.
! The treaty was probably drawn up by
Lord Aberdeen, and there is no evidence
j that our Minister, Mr. McLane, saw it.
It appears from the correspondence
: that Mr. McLane supposed that the first
article, describing the boundary line,
mentioned by name the Channel de Haro
as the line of division, and this is the
line which we claim. But as the article
does not mentiou that channel, and is
very indefinite “in its terms, it may be
supposed that Mr. McLane did not see
the treaty after it was drawn. President.
Polk was much embarrassed by this re
newed offer from the British Government
and was persuaded to submit it to the
Senate, which body took it almost by ac
clamation as the only means of avoiding
a war. Mr. Benton and Mr. Hayw’ood,
of North Carolina, went strongly for the
treaty. Gen. Cass opposed it and voted
against it, anil urged at the time as an
objection that the treaty was so loosely
worded that it would lead to future dis
pute.
-a--
Wool and Its Properties.
In ancient times, the people of most
northern climates clothed themselves with
the skins of animals. In winter the fur
or wool was turned inward.
This practice is continued among the
peasants of Russia to this day; many of
! them make use of sheep skins with the
! wool turned inward, for their ordinary
| clothing in winter. These skins were
called among the Saxons (from whom we
derive our language) fells — i. e., skins.
So that, strictly speaking, the word
| “felting” means manufacturing a skin or
covering; but is now generally used in
the same sense as the word “fulling.”
The phenomena of the felting proper
ties of wool long remained a mystery. —
This gave rise to many speculations as to
the cause of it. It is asserted that “the
I surface of each fibre of wool is formed of
lamellie or little plaits, which cover each
other from the root to the point, much in
I the same manner as the scales of a fish
cover that animal from head to tail.”
The edges of wool are so hooked, or
more properly serrated, that they resem
ble the teeth of a fine saw, with all the
projecting edges pointing in a direction
from root to point, and that, consequent
ly, in the process of fulling, the fibres
can move only root end foremost.
The serrations of wool are the great
causes of its felting quality. But its
elasticity, pliability, and the spiral curve,
contribute greatly to render it more per
fect. Hence the fine wool of the Barba
ry sheep, which is very glossy and per
fect in every respect, except that it wants
the spiral curve, is inferia in value to the
Merino, which has many spiral curves.
In order to complete the felting process,
the presence of soap or moisture is ne
cessary ; these add greatly to the cohe
sion of wool or Tut. Hence when cloth
or stockings are simply 7 placed in water,
and are suffered to remain a considerable
time, they will frequently be fulled by
this means. The variations of heat from
day to day will cause an alternate expan
sion and contraction of the wool, so as to
cause the felting process to proceed. By
means of these qualities of wool, and the
alternate pressure and relaxation of the
hand or machinery, the fibres of wool are
compelled to imitate the process of weav
ing, being driven root end foremost in
every direction, so as to form a solid and
firm body, which cannot be unraveled,
and which is far superior to what can be
obtained merely by weaving.
The PlitladelpLia anil Liverpool
Steamship Line.
The project of a line of steamers be
tween Philadelphia and Liverpool, recent
ly inaugurated in the former city, bids
fair to be realized jn a short time. A
correspondent writing on the 21st, says :
Captain Randall is said to be making
good progress in his steamship enterprise
between this city and Liverpool. He has
already about §IOO,OOO subscribed, with
a fair prospect of realizing the whole
amount in a very short time. The five
directors of the company have subscribed
§5,000 each.
Alfred Caldwell, a State Senator, from
the Wheeling (Va.) District, is a Black
Republican. He is a member of the Na
tional Republican Committee, whose head
quarterg is at Washington.
ARRIVAL
‘F TIIH 3TKAMKV
II t TIN <I A 111 AN .
Farther Point, Oct. 1 —1 be steam
ship Hungarian, from Liverpool, bound
to Quebec. p (--e I this point this morn
i,ig. brinsis Liverpool dates to toe
21*t nil.
Liverpool Cotton Market. —The sales of
cotton i<,r the three pci business days
fool up 18 hales. All qualities have
siiuhtlv declined—chiefly inferior quali
ties. Sales to speculators during the
week, 1,000, and to exporters 3,500 bales.
There was a decline of )d., chiefly on in
ferior qualities. Middling Uplands are
quoted at 7 13-16d.
State of Trade. —Manchester advices
were favorable. Goods and yarns were
firm.
Liverpool General Markets. Flout firm,
with an advace of Is. per barrel, chiefly
on finer qualities. Wheat steady.
London Money Market ( Wednesday noon.)
Consols were quoted at 954 to 95J.
General Sen's. A conspiracy to assas
sinate the Sultan of Turkey has been
detected.
The steamships zEtna, America, Indian
and City of Washington had all arrived
at Liverpool.
The coronet I ’* investigation into (he
explosion cn the Great Eastern resulted in
a verdict that the explosion was accident
al. The evidence was very conflicting as
to who had responsible charge of the en
gines—Scott Russell and the head en
gineer both denying holding that posi
tion.
The Manchester Guardian and London
Post both speak severely of Harney’s
conduct in regard to the Island of San
Juan, and threaten terrible thing- unless
this government disavows h s acts.
England is active in outfitting an expe
dition against China.
In France there was a great falling off
in the crops of the year.
The Zurich Conference resumed its sit
tings on the 19th.
The rumor that Austria had sent addi
tional troops to Italy was contradicted.
Additional fry tfre Hungarian
Arrived at Deal 19th, ships Johannes
burg and Deal; from Charleston, 20th,
arrized at Liverpool ships Ernest aud
Monte Christo, from Savannah. Sailed
for Liverpool 17tb, sflips Consul and
Annie F. Schmidt.
Liverpool , Wednesday, noon. —The Cot
ton market had a better tone, and there
was an increased demand. Sales 8,000
bales. ‘
Consols 95;] for account.
The Constitutional calls on England to
side with France on the Italian question.
The crops in France are 20 per cent,
less than last year.
The capture of Scharnyl, the Circas
sian chief, is fully confirmed. His sons
and daughters were either captured or
killed.
Arrival cf the Steamship Asia.
New York, Sept. 30.—The steamship
Asia arrived here last night. She brings
the same dates from Liverpool as the
Circassian.
The circular of Stolter, Foth & Sons,
says that the cotton market was dull and
heavy. The trade continues to limit
purchasers iu an unaccountable manner,
and to reduce quotations. Better descrip
tions of American are quoted at -Jd. low
er and unsalable, except at a farther de
cline.
The circular of Clare & Sons says that
the market was inactive, but without any
quotable change, as regards eligible lots
of American. The quotations for inferi
or grades were somewhat in favor of buy
ers.
Kearsley & Cos., quote a decline of
1 16d. to Jd. on useful sorts.
Drake, Kleinwort & Cos., quote good
staple qualities steady, others lower.
Sandy qualities are almost unsalable.
The imports of cotton for the week, foot
up 23,000 bales. The quantity known to
be at sea bound for this port, is 32,000
bales, against 39,000 hales, same time
last year. They and Clare quote Mid
dling Orleans at 7Jd., others say 7d.
Later from Havana and Mexico.
New Orleans, Sept 30.—The steam
ship Philadelphia arrived here to-day,
With Havana dates to the 271 h inst.
Gen. Concha will be relieved in Novem
ber by Gen. Seveno.
The stock of sugar at Havana is 170,-
000 boxes; buyers were demanding a re
duction. Molasses dull. Freights im
proving, sterling 14£ to 154. Exchange
on New 7 York 3 to 5.
In Mexico Gen. Alvarez was preparing
to march to the City of Mexico with six
thousand armed infantry, cavalry and ar
tillery.
The yellow fever at Brownsville, Texas,
was raging, and for thirty miles above.
Pacific Hail Road Suit Decided.
Marshall, Texas, Sept. 30.—The great
State suit versus the Pacific Rail Road,
has beew decided in favor of the Southern
Pacific Company. Mr. Fowlkes is now
in possession of the road, and the prop
erty aud the rights of the franchise of
the new Company. Both sides are now
actively co-operating.
Special Dispatches to the Charliston Courier.
Tile Dinner at Camden —Speech of
Senator Ciicsnut.
Camden, S. C., September 28.—Accord
ing to appointment and previous arrange
ments, the complimentary dinner, ten
dered to Senator Chesnut by bis friends
And fellow-citizens of Kershaw District,
was given this day, and was a most suc
cessful and interesting occasion.
Senator Chesnut’s speech was received
with general attention and marked ap
plause.
At the dinner, letters were read from
Gcv. W. H. Gist, Senator Hammond
(senior colleague of Senator Chesnut),
most, or all of our representatives in Con
gress, ex-Gov. John H. Adams, ex-May
or James D. Tradeswell, of Columbia, S.
C., Colonel Maxcy Gregg, and many oth
er citizens of note.
Speeches were made in reply to calls
for sentiments, by Col. John Cunningham,
of the Charleston Evening News; John
A. Inglis, Esq., of Cheraw ; George P. El
liott, Esq., of Beaufort; Edmund Bollin
ger, Esq , of Columbia; Mayor Allen J.
Green, M. D., of Columbia; Cant. O. M.
Dantzler, of St. Matthews, and others.
The best order and harmony prevailed
tbroug! out.
Mexican Movements.
New Orleans, Sept. ->0 —We are in
formed from the City of Mexico, via San
Luis Potosi, that the Bishop of Mexico
is willing to guarantee a loan of §5.000,-
000 to Miramon on a pledge of the Church
property.
The Archbishop and other clergy are
bitterly opposed to this measure
General Miramon has revived a decree
promulgated in 1843 by Santa Anna, de
claring instant death against foreigners
landing in Mexico.
It is reported that Gen. Vi damn, Gov
ernor of New'Leon, has gone over to the
Church party in Mexico.
Red River Navigation.
New Orleans, Sept. 30. — Recent ex
aminations show tnat the mouth of the
Red River in this State is fast filling up.
Boston Items.
Boston, Sept, 28.—A. W. Spencer was
elected Vice President of the Broker’s
Board to-day.
The trial of Dr. Ayer, for an assault on
R. S. Fay, was to-day postponed till No
vember 2. Mr. Fay is slowly recovering
Prof. The. Parsons delivers a eulo*”
gy on Rufus Choate before the Harvard
Law School and the members of the le<*al
profession generally, at Cambridge, ‘to
morrow.
A meeting of the creditors of Phillips,
Sampson & Cos. was held to-day, in the
Insolvency Court, at which the amount
of claims allowed was a little over one
hundred thousand dollars. A. 11. Rice
an€ Harvey, jewelers, were chosen As
signees. The creditors present voted
unanimously to leave the further publica
tion of the Atlantic Monthly Magazine
to the discretion of the Assignees.
SSerchants’ Shipping Receipts.
Anew supply, just from the binder’s hands
neatly ruled and well bound,for sale at the
SUN OFi'ICJE.
Letter from Brussels.
Brussels, September 1,1859.
The financial affair to which 1 have al
luded heretofore has, since my last, as
sumed a regular form. The basis of the
cotton bank is laid, and as its operations
will no doubt become very important,
your Southern traders may take an in.
terest in the mutter. The capital stock
of the new banking company is not yet
fixed, nor the name by which it will be
known. The principle of its forma:inn
is substantially what I said it would b .
The shares will be fixed at a moderate
sum each, and the character ot its in
vestments and discounts be regulated et.
tirely in accordance with the wants of
the cotton growers of the Southern States
of America. It is taken for granted that
an interest which produces annually to
the value of one hundred and eighty-five
million dollars i:i the form of so converti
ble an article as cotton, may by good
management be made the foundation of
an extensive banking operation. The
mother bank will be either at Brussels
or at Frankfurt, under the direction of
an eminent name in the financial world.
The first operation in America will take
place, as I saiin Georgia or Alabama.
• A given district in the cotton growing
portion of the State will be selected as
the place of “trial” of the first bank.
Loans will be made to the planters upon
their growing crops, and based on the
value of their plantation securities, at
the European rate of interest. The crops
tints controlled at the point of produe
tion will be sent forward directly to Eu
rope for sale in Europe. On the arrival
of the cargoes the same faci.ity of credit
will be extended to the buyers, and thus
the American planter, instead of receiv
ing as now tlie wholesale price of his. sta
ple in America (which price is always the
lowest) will get the last retail price in
Europe, which pi ice is always the high
est, Those persons who have for so
many years done this vast export trade
for nothing, or at a dead loss to them
selves. will be thus honorably relieved
from the necessity of continuing their
sacrifices to the public interest.
The unsettled condition of Europe,
combined with the advancing power aud
prosperity of the United States, is giv
ing an additional interest to American
securities. It was to be expected that
the Southern States, having once formed
an alliance with an influential and active
committee of brokers on the continent,
should have the claims of cotton securi
ties and plantation securities brought for
ward. The whole affair turns upon a few
simple questions: Are the securities
good? Are they convertible? Are they
profitable? Can the investment bo con
sidered permanent? We do not, of course,
expect to divert to the cotton plantations
of the South the entire sum destined for
America; but money, like water, seeks
i its own level, and if one million of francs
can be invested at the South in cotton
securities, to an equal*- advantage, as
compared with the Northern railways,
you may depend on it the trial will be
made. There is now at this moment
some want of confidence in securities
which once stood high in Europe, and
this will incline many to seek the South.
The manner in which the Xew Orleans hanks
went through tte late crisis has had a wonder
ful influence in Europe wherever that fact is
known; andl know positively that an elabo
rate statement, to be printed in German and
English, under the name of a high financial
authority, will make this fact still more
known. 1 learn, also, that a special dele
gate from Europe goes out soon to the
United States for the purpose of making
the necessary preliminary arrangements,
and to consult personally with sonic of
the leading rneu of the South. It is
possible that a central committee of c r
respoudeuce or organization, embracing
the more important growers of cotton,
will be formed in Alabama and Georgia.
The Continental and Southern Direct*
Trade Association of Belgium, continues
to receive gratifying assurances from the
Zollverein Austria and Switzerland in re
gard to the objects of the association.
Letters from America are equally encour
aging, and as the idea of the European
cotton bank orginated from the publica
tion anl labors of this committee, the
two influences may combine. If s j it
will term a strong company, and become
a serious rival to the Dutch trading com
pany. Indeed, many of the members of
the Belgium committee consider that
next to the late East India Company of
England, this banking and commercial
league with the cotton planters of Amer
ica, will be the most influential combina
tion Europe has ever seen. It is believed
that the cotton crop of the United States
of America will eventually control the
exchanges of Europe. Os one thing no
oue can be mistaken, and that is, that
under the combined influence of Russian
policy, of France and of the Zollverein, a
direct trade between the Southern States
of America and the Continent of Europe
has long been assuming imposing pro
portions. The movement was first ini
tiated by Holland, ihe Netherlands Trad
ing Company taking the lead. But that
body only gave impulse to a ball which,
once iu motion, gathers strength of itself.
Belgium has now come forward, anti
seeks to become the place of transit cf
the trade between the South and Central
Europe. The great Luxemburg Rail
Road will soon be finished to a point
commanding the Swiss roads. When this
line is in full working order you will see
the magnificent position of Antwerp. By
her rail road to Cologne she will have an
open and cheap access to Central and
Northern Germany. Bv the great Rux
emburg she will command Switzerland.
then Belgium can, through her unlimi
ted manufacturing powers, furnish the
basis of a regular exportation to the
South. In other words, she will be the
England ol the Continent, and Antwerp
will be to the Southern States what Liv
erpool is to tlie North. The manufac
turers of Belgium are now engaged tak
ing the necessary steps to supply the
taste and wants of the Southern market,
and I learn that our Baltimore friends
are going to be asked to co-operate by
being the importers for the Southern
trade, ihc position of Baltimore and
Antwerp is very similar. Both occupy
a central position on each continent.
Both have an extensive and expepsjvp
railway system, which only needs a regu-
and direct steam communication to
make these great works complete. Ant
werp is becoming a fine tobacco market,
and through her arrangement with Co
logne and Switzerland, will offer strong
inducements for the tobacco and naval
stores exported irons Baltimore. It is
hoped that the necessary preliminary ar
rangements will have been completed by
the end of tlie year, so that the trade may
commence in a large way.— N O True
Delia. . J
Court. Martial.
ihe Washington Constitution announces
that a geuc-ral court martial has been di
rected by Gen. Wool, commanding the de
partment of the east, to meet at Fort
Moultrie, South Carolina, on ’he 30th of
October, for the trial of First Lieut. 0.
H. lillinghast, of the Ist regiment of ar
tillery. Ihe following is the detail f r
the court: Brevet Col. J. L. Gardner, Ist
artillery; Brevet Major .J. A. Baskin, 1A
artillery; Brevet Major S. S. Anderson,
2d artillery; Ca; t. E. O. C. Ord, 3d ar
tillery ; Capt. A. A. Gibson, 2d artillery:
Capt. J. H. Carlisle, 2d artillery : Lieut
Grier Tallmadge. 4th artillery ; Lieut, .a.
J- fr. Molinard, 2d artillery ; Lieut. H-
C. hansom, mounted riflemen; Lieut. T.
Talbot, Ist artillery, judge advocate
Charleston Mercury.
Though satisfied, from the vast quan
tity of rain that fell in this section in
July :iiid August, and from the informa
tion we have received since our return
home, that the cotton crop of this and
adjoining counties will not turn out any
thing like as large as did that of last
y ear, still we do u t think the failing off
will be so great as ihe complaints from
some neighborhoods, indicate. The
crops on the rich black lands have r.o
doubt suffered the most.— Greensboro
(Ala.) Beacon.
Troy, N. Y., Sept. 28.—The dispatch or
paragraph in the New York papers of to
day, announcing the safe landing of L a
Mountain is erroneous. Nothing has yet
been heard from him. His wife is in this
city.