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Later News from Mexico.” The following extracts from the corres pondence of the Picayune, show the pro gress of affairs in Mexico : Minatitlan, Sept. 10. — The crisis lor the solution of the Mexican imbroglio is approaching at a slow but sure pace.— Miramon lives in hopes of getting money from the clergy, and promises to re-es tablish order and tranquility throughout the country, if the church will advance to him $400,000 immediately, and later $5,000,000 more. Juarez has based all his hopes upon assistance from the United States, and the mission of Lerdo de Teja da is looked upon as the only possible sal vation of his party. But will the hopes of the two leading men of Mexico be fulfilled ? I doubt that Miramon will succeed with his new loan. It is true that the archbishop ordered all the bishops to assemble in Chapultepec, for the purpose of consulting with them on the subjectof entrusting Miramon with more funds, but the majority voted against the proposition. The chieftains of the Liberal party are assembling in San Lnis Potosi, for the purpose of consulting also about a great stroke, which they intend to make in Oc tober or November against the City of Mexico. Both parties could get as many men as they want, if they had money enough to pay the troops. Without giving to the Mexican'soldier his daily salary to 2 reals, it is impossible for a Mexican lead er to keep his men from deserting bim. Love for ki3 country is unknown to the Mexican. The revolution has become a necessity, a commerce, a speculation for him; thereforo what can he the solution of this imbroglio? The United States must take possession of Mexico, which, of course, can never be done by treaties or negotiations. If the United States do not intermingle at all in the internal con flicts of this unfortunate country, a com plete dismemberment will soon com mence. Minatitlan, Sept. 10.—Intelligence has just reached us of the arrival in the city of Mexico of the military chieftains called thither by Miramon. It is believed that before long a great expedition will be iit ed out against Vera Cruz. The young prince Miguel Napoleon de Miramon, July last, was chris tianized on the Ist inst., in Chapultepec, amidst the greatest pomp and splendor. The English, French and ,Guatemalian Embassadors, as well as all the members of the high clergy from the city of Mexi co and neighborhood, were present, and the day announced as a public feast day. The ceremony, dinner, ball, &c., cost up wards of $14,000. This don’t look as if the treasury was exhausted ! The wealthy and influential house ofde Barron in the city of Mexico granted a loan of $300,000 to Miramon, without any per centage. According to the arrangement the house of de Barron will pay to the treasury daily the amount of SSOOO until the $300,000 are completed, and has ta ken as security bonds of the Republic at the rate of 10 per cent. Mr. Octaviano Perez, Joaquin Ortega and Antonio Santiago, were appointed a few days ago by the Governor of Zacate cas as Commissioners to go to the United States to buy arms and muuitions of war for the Liberal party. These gentlemen are in possession of ready money and let ters of credit to a considerable extent, and have already started. Some of your com mercial friends may have a good chan6e to get rid of their old muskets. Wc have recommended them to the house of Domin go de Gouicouria. ♦ A Distinction with a Difference. “You’ve no wife, I believe ?” said Mr. Blank to his neighbor. “No, sir,” was the reply, “I never was married.”— “Ah!” said Mr. Blank, “you area happy dog!” A short time after, Mr. Blank, in addressing a married man, said : “You havo a wife, sir?” “Y'cs, sir—a wife and threo children.” “Indeed,” said Mr. Blank, “you are a happy man !” “Why,” said one of the company, “your remarks to the unmarried and the married seem to conflict somewhat.” “Not at all—not at all, sir. There is a difference in my statements. Please be more ob serving, sir. I. said the man who had no wife was a ‘happy dog,’ and tho man who had a wife was a ‘happy man.’ Nothing conflicting, sir—nothing at all.” 0- Crops in Virginia. A correspondent of the Virginia Index, from Appomattox, the 24th, says: The rain and wind of this and last week has done much damage to tho coru and tobacco ; in many places it is washed off, or so covered up with mud as to be ruined, and on the high laud it is broken, bruised and blown down, so that the in jury is very great. Owing to the dry summer, all the best and largest tobacco and coru was on the flat land, and that has either been carried off or covered up with mud, so that with the fly, the joint worm, tho dry weather, and now the rain and wind, the farmfrs will make but a poor year’s work of it. 1 Suicide of Thomas Napier. The Daily Citizen of the 29tli says : Thomas Napier, son of Skelton Napier, Esq., of Vinevillo, committed suicide early yesterday morning, in his own room, at the residence of his father, by shooting himself in the side or breast, with a pistol. lie was about twenty-six years ot’ age, and bad for some time been laboring under great depression of mind, arising from the conviction that ho never would recover from the disease (con sumption) which was preying upon his vitals. Ou the day before his death he was more cheerful than usual, and told one of his friends that lie did not mean to die, but get well. - ♦ On Tuesday the 4th of October, the election in Kansas for the adoption of the “Wyandotte Constitution takes place. Each elector may vote a ballot labeled “For the Constitution,” or “Against the Constitution,” and one labeled “For a Homestead,” or “Against a Homestead.” Gov. Medary, J. M. Wincliell, President, and John A. Martin, Secretary of the Convention, are the canvassers appointed under the Constitution. The monument ordered to be erected over the grave of Capt. Isaac llolmes # at Macon, has been completed. The cere monies of raising it will take place under the auspices of the Grand Lodge of Ma sons, which assembles there the 2Gth of October. The Citizen pronounces it a beautiful specimen of sculptured marble. The Democracy of Bibb county, says the State Press of the £Btb, assembled at the Court House this morning and nomi nated A. M. Lockett as their candidate for Representative in the State Legisla ture, in place of L. M. Lamar, whom causes of a Providential nature have pre vented from prosecuting the race. o Historical. A young prince of the illustrious house of Monaco was asked why he had married a rich old woman. “Ala foi,” was the gay young prince’s reply, “let me ask you, what poor man in a hurry to get an ‘ enormous bank note cashed, troubles himself to look at the date of it?” Baldwin. The citizens of Baldwin county have held a public meeting and agreed to run a compromise ticket for the Legislature. Col. V illiam McKinley (Dem.) was se lected for the Senate, and Col. Peter Fair (Opp.) for the House. —Savannah Pep. The Aunual Conference of the Method ist Episcopal Church, South, of Virginia, will be held in Lynehburg, on the 15th November, as we are informed by the Virginia Index. The venerable Bishop Early will preside. The suspeusiou of the house of Blakes j & Kinsley, importei’3 of woolen goods at Boston, is announced. Their liabilities j are estimated at $200,000. Mr. V illiam Whitney, a well known merchant of Boston, died at his residence in that city, on Thursday night, at the age of 68 years. Arrival of tine Vanderbilt. New York. Sept. 20.—The steamship Yiiudcrbilt, with Liverpool dates to the 15th inst., arrived here to-day. The Vanderbilt’s news lias generally been an ticipated by the City of Baltimore. Genf.bal News.—lt was stated that Spain had sent an evasive answer to England’s question, touching the policy of concentrating troops at Gibraltar. W hen the explosion of the Great East ern took place, the guests on board had just quitted the saloon. Admiral Hope, on arriving off the river Peiho (China) on the 17th of June, ; found the entrance obstructed. He at tempted to force a passage, when sud denly, the Chinese batteries, supported by a force of 20,000 troops, were un masked and opened a destructive fire upon the fleet, mowing down the British. After a severe action, the squadron was com ; pelled to retire. It is supposed that the Russians were engaged with the Chinese, as Russian features were distinctly visi ble at the batteries. Every shot from the Chinese told; while the British did comparatively little damage. It was reported that Scbamyl, the Georgian Chieftian, had been taken pris oner by The Russians and sent to St. Pe tersburg. There were signs of disaffection in the Madras Cavalry at Hyderabad, i India. France and England were making ac tive preparations to punish the Chinese. It was reported that the Pope had re ceived Extreme Unction, a sacrament that is administered to all dying Catholics. All of the Christians in Morocco are j leaving, in consequence of the death of the Emperor. The Consuls and Diplo matists at Morocco, have all-taken refuge I in vessels. It is stated that a treaty between the Papal Government and Spaiu, has beeu signed. Tho latter engages to occupy the ; Roman States with troops when the French have withdrawn.. Among those that were severely wound ed at Peiho, was Rear Admiral Hope. The British Government are augment ing their fleet and seamen. Great improvements in the fortifications at Dover have been ordered. Latest.— lt was rumored that 12,000 French troops have been ordered to be in readiness to sail for China. There were no ill-feelings between the Allies and the inhabitants of Shanghai. Some of the Spanish journals urge the necessity of taking Gibraltar from the j English. London. —Money was decidedly more stringent. Consols for money quoted at • 951 to 95f. Arrival of the Gverlaml Mail. St. Louis, Sept. 20.—TbeOveriand mail of the 2d September has arrived. Capt. Walling and his command had ar ; rived at Camp Floyd. Indian agent Neighbors was killed by a man named McNetf; nndLeipere, agent of the Camanches, was killed by the In- I dian. Gov. Douglas denies that outrages were committed on American citizens by the Vancouver or Hudson Bay authorities. Fiom China. New Y'ork, Sept. 27. —A letter from China says the English fleet attempted to ascend the wrong mouth of the river, while the Chinese Deputies awaited them in the right place. The merchants at Shanghai deprecate the hasty and ill-advised proceedings of the English. Arrival of the City of Baltimore. New York, Sept. 27.—The steamer City of Baltimore has arrived. Her dates are anticipated. The late trip made by the Great East ern, was simply to move the ship from the Thames to the seaport, for coal and preparation for the trial trip. This will be from Portland, England, to Holyhead. She sails from Holyhead to Portland, America, on the 20th of October. From Washington. Washington, Sept. 27.—Mr. Dimitry will be ordered to recognise the new Government, and open negotiations for I the settlement of American claims. It is i believed that England aud France will unite in the terrible war against China. It is believed that Russia assisted the i Chinese. The Missing Aeronauts. New York, Sept. 27.—Nothing has been heard of Lamountain or Haddock, the aeronauts who ascended ou the 22d. — Ocean Waifs. We have already noticed the fact, that for some six weeks or two months past, large quantities of white wax have been coming ashore on the Texas coast. It was at first supposed to. be of the same kind that, since the foundering of a Spanish vessel in the Gulf, in 1833, near Texas, washed ashore, and formed part of a cargo of fine wax sent to Mexico for the church service. * The wax now picked up in large quan tities on the shores of Galveston Island and aloug the coast to Matagorda Bay, has anew and clean appearance; the cakes weigh from 30 to 40 pounds, and are stamped with the name of “ E. de P. Tortilla.” The Galveston Civilian understands that of two Spanish vessels bound for Vera Cruz, and due about June last, one arrived, and the other has not bean heard of. They encountered the storm that dismasted the richly freighted Belgian bark, which put into Galveston for"re pairs, and the missing vessel is probably that from which most of this wax comes. — X. 0. Picayune. Photography is rapidly approaching a state of perfection. The Scientific Amer ican, of Cincinnati, recently promised each subscriber a picture taken by a ma chine invented in that city, which is ca pable of making 20,000 impressions in an hour, its being only limited by the velocity of light and the time required for working its mechanical devices. And now we have have au invention, by John 11. l’epiu, of New Jersey, for an “Im provement in Apparatus to Photograph on Uneven Surfaces,” which is especially in tended for ornamenting “vasesand other solids.” Rev. T. W. Toiiey. This gentleman, wholias for some time past officiated as pastor of the Baptist Church at Sumtervilie, Snmter county, as we learn from the Gainesville Inde pendent, has recently been appointed Professor of Theology in Howard College. By the present arrangement, Dr. Tal bird and Mr. Tobey will jointly perform the duties of the theological chair.—Ma rion Commonwealth. TUe Gale ou Lake Micliigau. On the 20tli inst.. there was a very severe storm at Chicago, which forced the waters of the lake up into the city, tearing away the track of the Illinois Central Rail Road, and doing much other damage. This gale was one of the heav iest ever known on Lake Michigan, and the rise of water caused by it at the up per end of the lake is unprecedented. That which came nearest it was in 1836 36; but tho “high-water mark” thus es tablished was submerged several inches on this occasion. It is an event which will be long remembered and as the highest water ever known in Chi cago.— X. 3". Tribune. ♦ Sew York Metal Market. The inquiry continues limited; sales of 500 tons Scotch pig during the week, in lots, at $23 to S2B 50; 50 do. refined English bars at $54, and 100 do. common do. at $43, 6 mos, We quote: Dig. Scotch, per ton $23 00 @23 50 Bar, Swedish, ordinary sizas 85 CO @B7 50 Bar. English, refined 62 50 @53 00 Bar-, English, common 42 50 @44 CO Sheet, Russia, Ist quality, %>. H>... 11 @ n}4 Sheet, single, double and treble... 3*4® 3 % Yankee Inlieriting Slave Property. Ve see it stated that Col. George W. Barney, who lately died in Alabama, left au estate in lands and slaves worth three hundred thousand dollars. Col. Barney left a wife, but no children, and it ap pears that Geo. Northy, who is supposed to reside in Rhode Island or Connecticut, is the only known next of kin of the de ceased. Iron vs. Hope. We present to our correspondents on the Missouri and elsewhere, the follow ing interrogatories, addressed by a House iu this city to a large concern of long and most favorable standing iu Liverpool, England, in relation to the relative merits of the Iron Tie and Rope in baling cot ton, and the replies thereto. The two methods have their particular admirers, and have been discussed freely since the introduction of the Tie ; but we suppose the answer to the 3d question must settle the point fully in favor of Rope.— St. Louis Price Current. Q. Is the tare allowed on cotton baled in India Bagging any greater than on that covered with American hemp Bagging, and if any difference how much ? A. The canvass makes no difference in the tare, it being the same on both kinds. Q. Does cotton in India Bagging arrive in as good order as that covered in Amer ican Bagging ? A. Generally not in as good order as the hemp Bagging. Q. Is the tare cn cotton fixed at a cer tain per cent, ou the gross weight, or is actual tare allowed ? A. A fixed per centage on all .Ameri can cotton, say four per cent, is allowed, except where the cotton is tied with Iron hoops, when the actual weight of the hoops is allowed, and only three per cent, tare deducted. Q. We have been told that India Bag ging stains the cotton, and has been ob jected to on that account. Is this so to i any extent ? A. W’e have not heard of India Bag ging being objected to for staining the cotton. In cases of damage it increases the amount of the pickings to be taken off, but only to a slight extent. Q. Is cotton baled in India Bagging preferred to that covered in American hemp Bagging, or vice versa, and why ? A. American hemp Bagging is deci dedly preferred. Not being quite so heavy it give3 the spinners the advan tage in the tare, and is worth considera bly more when taken off the bales than India. Q. Is any preference given for cotton tied with Rope or that fastened with iron, and if so, for what reason ? A. Buyers never inquire how cotton is tied, but they would prefer the rope as they are more valuable to them than the Iron tics. Q. Do cotton bales tied with Iron ar rive in as good order as those tied with Rope ? A. Cotton bound in Iron hoops does net generally arrive in as good order as in Rope ; but there is, perhaps, on the whole no material difference between them. Q. Don’t the iron ties damage the cot ton by rust, and if so, is the injury suffi | cient to cause loss to the owners, or raise any objections on the part of buyers? A. Iron ties do not damage the cotton by rust to any appreciable extent. India Bagging is more likely to be injured by them than the American. ——— From Washington. Washington, Sept. 25, 1859. I To the. Associated Press.: j Col. Rankin, Register of the Land Office at Olympia, Washington Territory, has arrived here from the island of San Juan. He reports that if the intentions of Gov. Douglass had been carried out, there would havo beeu a collision between the British and American forces, as the Sa tellite and Plumber had orders from him , to lire ; but Admiral Bayne opportunely arrived and superseded him in the com mand of the English ships.of-war, five in number. The original misunderstanding was with the Hudson’s Bay Company, the interests of which were represented by Douglass. The island of San Juan had been in the occupancy of the /Americans for at least eighteen months, nobody seeming to question their rights, and has been for a longer period considered and treated, in all respects, as belonging to Washington Territory It was not un*il Gen. Harney applied to and was informed by Boundary Commissioner Campbell that our title to the island was clear and certain, that he dispatched troops thither at the earnest request of the residents, who claimed protection from British ag gression, and especially from the preda tory incursions of the Northern Indians, who had even taken and held possession of a light-house for three days, and against whom private expeditions had repeatedly been sent to chastise them.— Col. Rankin says the people of Washing ton Territory and the Pacific States are unanimous for our retention of the is land, and such is their enthusiasm that if the United States troops should be direct ed to vacate it, private parties, in formi dable numbers, would immediately occupy that important position, and not surren der it without a struggle. But it is not supposed in this’eity that our troops will be withdrawn, at this would be consider ed as an admission that our title is clear ly disputable. It may not be generally known that our Government has recently confirmed a bluff of land for a military reservation, if anything further north than San Juan. Cur Government having sent a Minis i ter of full grade to Vienna, that of Aus tria has raised Mr. Hulsetnann to an equal rank. The latter will soon return to Washington. The whole amount of the public land surveys, as returned to the General Land Office, for the year ending with the pre sent month, is nearly 53,000 miles, or j about 15.000,000. -—: ♦ Good Advice. The annexed from Petersburg Express, contains excellent advice for both parents and children, and we commend it to them for their serious consideration : Going to school. — The re-opening of the schools is now the common topic among i the younger generation, and a very impor tant one it is too, and iu a serious light should be so considered both by parent and pupil. The pupil, in order to re ceive the full benefit of instruction, should be made by his parents to feel that the teacher is one of his best f lends; that if his wishes are sometimes thwarted and his waywardness reproved, it is for his advantage; and above all, a parent , should never, in the presence of his child, call in question the justice of the teach ers authority. If a child knows that his parent doubts as to the propriety of a certain course of discipline, no teacher can hold proper influence over the mind and heart of that child. Let teachers and parents have frequent interviews and understand each others wishes in regard to their children. It buoys up the spirits of a teacher to eojoy the friendship and co-operation of parents — it is a cordial to his drooping and wea ried mind, soothing as music itself—the consciousness that though pupils rebel, are ofteutimes inattentive, obstinate and indifferent, there are those who appreciate his motives and exertions and cherish towards him a kind aud sympathizing feeling. It is unjust to assume that prejudices rest upon the mind of a Chris tian teacher. Preference for the amia ble, industrious and obliging, he cannot help feeling, but his good sense and jus tice to those committed to his care will never allow him to act with a prejudiced eye. New Rio Grande Steamer. The Brownsville Flag, of the Bth, says : We notice with lively pleasure that the Southern Steamship Company have anew steamer in progress of construction for the trade between our port of Brazos Santiago and New Orleans. AA’e hope, when she is finished, they will give us what we have long wished for, a weekly communication with New Orleans. Well encouraged, there is no route which will better reward this company than ours. Perhaps the U. S. Government will some day wake up to the necessity of putting an end to the slow, poking war fare in Mexico, and protecting our mer cantile and mining interests on that side of the Rio Grande. Even now three or four steamers could be well employed, in cluding?one to play between here and New Y'ork. The Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons of Georgia, will assemble at Ma con Wednesday, the 2Cth of October. Foreign News by the Arabia. The Arabia arrived at Boston. Thurs day morning, and we have further inter esting details of her news. She brought 151 passengers—among them, Professor Agassiz and his wife. We give the fol lowing summaiy of her news: trial trii* of the great eastern. The great event of the week has been the departure of the Great Eastern for sea. The Nova Scotian brought out news that the vessel had proceeded down the Thames as far as Purfieet on the 7th, aud anchored there for the tide of the follow ing morning. Her departure from her moorings, accompanied by four powerful tugs, two at the bows and two at the stern, gave rise to the greatest enthusiasm on the Thames, which wascontinued at all the prominent points. Capt. Harrison and the most experi enced Thames pilots directed the siiip’s motion. Mr. Scott Russell was on the bridge, directing the action of the engines, both of which, screw and paddle, were under steam. Captain Comstock, of the Collins’ steamer Baltic, stood alt to trans mit directions to the men at the wheel, the new steering apparatus not being com pletely fitted. The very first move in the river demon strated that the ship was as completely under command as a river steamer, and that the only difficulties to contend with were the sharp curves in the stream. She steers as easily as a wager beat, and her engines were found capable of starting or arresting her motion literally almost by a single motion of the ham 1 The only difficulty experienced was at Blackball Point, where the river forms an acute angle, and in the centre of the channel at this point a bark and a sehoouer had, un fortunately, anchored. There was an anxious and perilous delay of fifteen min utes, but the danger was passed, and there | was no other serious cause for uneasiness. There was not a single regular seaman on o o board during the river trip, the crew net j having joined. There were perfect ovations at Green wich, Blackball, AVoolwich and other points, where immense crowds had as sembled. At Purfieet the ship swung round to her single anchor in beautiful style, aud the anchor, Trotman’s patent, never yielded an inch from the spot where it dropped. Ou the Bth the Great Eastern got up steam and weighed anchor, and at 8:40 a. in. started from Purfieet for the Nore. As on the preceding day, she was accompanied by tugs, and the ‘ enthusiasm along the river, particularly at Gravesend, was very great. On arriv ing at Chapman’s head, at the top of Sea Reach, the tugs” were cast off and the gro*it vessel was left to herself. In creased speed was then got on her, simply to give her goed steerage way and move her engines readily, but with no view to test her power. In ten minutes, however, says the correspondent of the London Times, she set at rest all doubts forever as to her being the fastest vessel beyond comparison in the world. Employing less than two-thirds of her power, in her worst trim, being six inches down by the head, and too high out of water to per mit her paddles or screw blades to work properly, and with a strong tide against her, she ran a distance of fifteen statute miles in two minutes under an hour. The engines worked with astonishing case, and there was scarcely a vibration per ceptible. Before anchoring the vessel was put about, and went completely round in less than three-quarters of mile. At half past twelve, the vessel anchored at the Nore. She was to leave ‘ Nore at seven o’clock on the morning of the 9th, and steam away easily for Portland, Dorset shire, which harbor she expected to reach on the 10th. Much regret was felt that serious ill ness prevented Mr. Brunei from being on board to share in the triumph. The Great Eastern left the Nore at 9:15 on Friday morning, the 9th inst., with a strong westerly wind and thick rain, and was off Dover at 3 p. m. TIIE SAN JUAN DIFFICULTY. The London Morning Post has an edi torial on the report that Gen. Harney had taken possession of the Island of San Juan, or Bellevue, in Puget Sound. Jit considers it possible that another bounda ry dispute may arise, and says that the occupation of an island which is still sub judice is the exercise of a power to which the British Government cannot tamely submit, and hopes that no concessions will be made which are inconsistent with the dignity of the country or security of the gold regions. GREAT rrifain. The London representative of the Suez Canal scheme had issued a pamphlet in which he asserts that the company, hav ing commenced operations, are determin ed to continue them in spite of all opposi tion. The London Times has an editorial ridiculing the talk of the American slave holders in regard to reviving the slave trade, and points to the renewed activity of the American government to put down the trade as the best answer to the out cry. The Central Association of Master Builders of London had determined to declare all their yards open to workmen on and after the 12th of September, pro vided the latter abide by the declaration against the trade combinations. This, it is presumed, will scarcely alter the situ ation of affairs. The commission to inquire into the state of the national defences was at Tort land on the Btli, and made a long inspec tion of the fortifications in progress there. The London Times remarks on the consistency of the Emperor in covering with reproaches the men to whom the destinies of Italy have been intrusted, because they believe him, and openly declaring to Austria thal the sine qua non of AGllafranca shall not be observed at all, but that as an offset she may treat A T enice as she likes. The London Advertiser regards the articles as mysterious and ominous. Trade of Western Texas. The ludianola Courier, of the 17th in stant, gives a table of the imports and exports for the year, ending Ist inst., of the flourishing port of ludianola, on Mat agorda Bay, where most of the Gulf coast forwarding trade of Western Texas is done. The imports were from New Or leans, New Y'ork, Mobile, Pensacola, Philadelphia and Bremen. The total number of barrels, measurement goods, was 343,533; of feet of assorted lumber, 3,157,510; of salt, 9,690 sacks ; of blood ed stock, 565; wagons, fruit, specie, &c., showing a large increase over the previ ous commercial year. The exports were to New Orleans, prin cipally ; to New Y'ork, Mobile, Pensacola, Biloxi, Havana and Bremen ; they were 28,622 bales of cotton, of which 19,804 to N. Orleans ; 1,675 bales of wool; 850 hhds. sugar; 888 bbls. molasses; 16,002 head of cattle; 33,100 hides; 187 bales peltries; 26 508 bushels pecans ; 14,151 bushels corn, mostly to Pensacola ; 992 slabs of Mexican lead; 1,126 sundry packages; besides several thousand pounds of Texas bacon, Texas wine in casks, Texas butter, Texas sea island cot ton, Mexican copper; sheep, horses aud mules, specie, &c., showing a very large increase over the previous year. The value of the exports is $2,500,000. Karly Locomotives. According to the American Rail Road Guide, the first locomotives in the Uni ted States were imported from England, in the fall of 1829 or spring of 1830. The first Stephenson locomotive ever im ported was the “Robert Fulton,” in 1831, for the Mohawk and Hudson Rail Road. The first locomotive built in this country was constructed at the AVest Point Foun dry, in 1830, for the South Carolina Rail Road. The second was built for the same road, at the same place. The third was built by the same establishment in the spring of 1831, and was the first I.como tive ever run in the State of New Y'ork. David Matthew, who first run this engine, is still living in Philadelphia, and is one of our oldest inventors and locomotive engineers. Gen. E. B. AA'heeler, of Marion C. H. r S. C., died suddenly the night of the 24th, from neuralgia of th? heart. lie had been Clerk of the Court for over thirty years, and was also the oldest Or dinary in the State. i The New York correspondent of the Charleston Courier thus writes of the late defalcation of young Lane in the Fulton Bank: The defalcation in the Fultou Bank is the subject of many wise and moral ob servations to-day. The old beads shake their heads, and say things arc coming to a pretty pass when a young man in the confidence of his father, cheats the bank of which be is a responsible officer. But there was a woman iu this case —a hand some, cunning, wicked woman. The young | defaulter had a wife of his own. He mar-_ ried her while quite young, and, as is sometimes the case, grew indifferent to j her. Meanwhile, be fell in with the syren, just then without a “friend.” This woman, who is evidently the cause of the downfall of young Lane, ot the Fulton Bank, has figured somewhat con spicuously before. Huntington, who was convicted of forgery and sent to Sing Sing, furnished her a house iu Twenty second street, where she lived in all the splendor the vainest heart could desire. Upon her he lavished the untold amounts j of money which he obtained by his uts- j honesty. This, however, could not last ; long, and Huntington having been sent to the State Prison and the liue establish ment*broken up. she sought fresh fields and pastures new. Her next connection was with Carl Formes, the great basso si ger. Os a ; most attractive person, well educated, and speaking different languages, she found uo more difficulty in capturing the burly German singer than she had done !of fascinating Huntington. I believe she accompanied Formes in some of his pro | fessional wanderings, and was every where admired for her beauty. But Formes left the country one day in safe ty, and then she had to look out for an , other customer. Unfortunately young Lane was the last victim. This woman is sensible iu one thing—she does not fool her time or self away with men unless they have plenty of money, or the means of getting it, honestly cr • di-honestly m is of no consequence to her, so long as it i r obtained. This woman is young and handsome enough to do much damage [ yet. _ Tire Foreign Jlsws. The news brought by the Arabia gives ■ quite a uew aspect to European politics. It is interesting to observe that, with all th% liberalism and democratic tendencies of the age, the “ one-man power” seems 1 to be as strong now as in the darkest days of feudal despotism, though its • manifestations assume a different phase. 1 That remarkable man, Napoleon 111., is ! at present the real incarnation of tiiis ■ “one-manpower.” A few words spoken at a New Year’s fete presaged to the world 1 a bloody and important war, and now a 1 short article in the Monilenr, supposed • to be the official expression of the Em -1 peror’s views, has excited a profound sensation in the diplomatic circles of I Europe. This article treats of Italian > affairs in a purely business like way, and ’ views the question as one of barter and • trade. At the peace of Villafranca the ■ Austrian Emperor promised to make cer ■ tain reforms in the government of Vene ; tin, on condition that the exiled Dukes should bo restored to their dominions. ■ This condition not being complied with by the French Emperor, the other high contracting party, it is naturally conclu ded that Austria’s engagement in regard to the Venetian ameliorations is null and ! void. Consequently Venice is left to the i tender mercies of Austria. The Moui -1 teur adds that France is the only nation that would fight for an idea—that she has j done so, and that therefore her mission is fulfilled. This may bo construed into a declaration of neutrality on the part of France, in case of any general war in I i Europe—a contingency which (he com- i I plication of European affairs renders : | possible, if not probable. In Central Italy, there is no special i ■ change. The united crowns of Tuscany and Modena had been offered to Victor Emanuel, and by him declined until after the proposed general Congress shall have I been formed, The Pope’s troops had as j yet made no hostile demonstration u.pon | the Legations. Franklin’s Grave. I The Philadelphia Evening Bulletin 1 j says: | After a long period, the last resting | place of the great philosopher', states : man, patriot, and printer, lias been ex ! posed to public view, and strangers who j visit our city need not hunt up the sexton jto show them the tomb of Franklin. A I neat and substantial iron railing has ta- j j ken the place of the brick wall before his I grave. A solid block of New England | granite (fit emblem of his birth place,) in j which the original slab of marble con | taining the names of Benjamin and De i borah Franklin has beeu inserted—now I covers hi3 remains, the space around has : i been sodded, and the whole presents a very appropriate apjoearance. Some years since the old tomb, built partly of brick, was much dilapidated. In reparing it, or | in making anew foundation for the mar j ble slab, the workmen came across much j rubbish, including old boots and shoes ; | also, upon a tomb stone of one of Dr. Franklin’s children, bearing the follow i ing inscription : “Francis F., son of Benj. and Deborah ! Franklin, died Nov. 21st, 1780, aged four | years, one month, and one day. | light of all who knew him.” It is presumed that the ground was at | one time much lower than it now is, and | it was filled up with refuse earth, &c., to form its present level. The grave stone | of the child has since been placed upright | near the tomb of Franklin. Hereafter j tens of thousands of people will visit the j spot, and Philadelphia may number the grave of Franklin among her many at -1 tractions, while honor is due to the mem ! ory of one, second only in the estimation j of the people of the the United States to : Washington. ” . Taxes of Montgomery. A gentleman connected with the conn ty offices, gives us some of the more im- j portant items in the tax list of the cur- j rent financial year. The books have just \ been footed up. -'mount of Taxes assessed for the State. $01,174 25 ! Amount of money at interest legal and usurious, exclusive of that loaned by 11 inks, chartered or private, and In surance Offices 2,000.000 | Amount cf money hoarded 63.362 j I Amount of value of Pleasure Carriages.. 160,000 Value of Furniture and Jewelry 190.000 Harness and Saddle llur.se? 100,000 { | Stallions and Jacks 80,000 ! Value of Town Heal Kstate 4.000 000 Number of Negroes iu the County 22 000 i We thiuk the foregoing is a pretty fair specimen of the wealth of our city and j county. Just look at the surplus money j loaned out !—Montgomery Mail. Discovery cf a Ctiest of Gold. A New Orleans correspondent says: A rumor is current in the Second Dis trict that an old seller of charcoal has suddenly stumbled upon a handsome for tune. • He lives in a building at the coi ner of Orleans and Bourbon streets, da ting the years of Spanish rule, ! (there are many such iu this city,) and ! so worn and dilapidated by time as to be hardly habitable even for the most miser able tenant. While reparing a decayed floor with his own hands a few days ago, the vendor of charcoal (so the story goes) discovered beneath it what had once been a strong, oaken, iron bound box, which fell into ciusty fragments under a few light blows, disclosing to his amazed and greedy eyes, a glittering pile of Spanish ’ doubloons, amounting in the aggregate to about $25,000. By whom they were thus deposited, or for what purpose, are questions not to be answered at this late day. THe Flood in tile Potomac. The Fredericksburg (Va.) Herald says : A gentleman who was at Acquia Creek on Saturday, represents the sight on the Potomac as thrilling, The gale is repre sented as the severest they have had there !’ for forty years. It was deemed impossi ble for a small boat to live out in the channel of the river. A vess 1 was ob- ! served coming down the river on her side, having doubtless been capsized. A spy- , glass being used, it was thought t iat per sons were la?hed to the bare poles, but the distance was so great, and the storm j so severe, that the observers could not i determine with any degree of accuracy. arrival iH- TUB STKAMKK (ARCASSI AN. New York, Sept. 27.--The steamship Circassian, of the New \ork and Galway line, arrived beie to-day. The Circassian brings telegraphic dates trom Liverpool, via Galway, to the 1 > th inst. Lira-pool Codon Market. Sales of cotton for che past week foot up 4-3,000 bales. — All qualities have slightly declined, but : inferior grades have declined the most declined The market closed dull. Liverpool General Markets. —Breadstuff#, all qualities, bad slightly advanced. — Provisions steady. London Money Market. —Money was slightly easier. Consols were quoted at 95j to 95 i*. SECOND DISPATCH. JAverpool Codon Market. —Sales of the week 4-3,000 bales, of which speculators took 1,000 bales and exporters 7.000 bales. The market was quiet, at the following ! quotations: Fair Orleans Btl. 1 Mitl. Orleans •• Mobiles 7pM-1 “ Mobiles (Hy'l. “ Uplands 7->|d. | “ Uplands Cypl. The stock of cotton was 018,000 bales, of which 511,000 were American. Liverpool General Markets. —Flour firm. Wheat firm, and advanced 1 to 2d since Tuesday. Corn firm, and advanced 01 to Is per quarter. Beef quiet. Pork firm. Bacon dull, quotations nominal. Sugar steady. Coffee firm. P.ice dull. Latest — Liverpool, Saturday noon.—Col ton steady. Breadstuffs and provisions steady. Latest — London , Saturday noon —Consols quoted 95-§ to 95jj-. Havre Cotton Market. —Orleans I'res Ordinaire 112f. Sales of the week 4,500 bales. Market dull. General News. —Nothing was doing at the Zurich Conference. The King of Sardinia bad received de putations from the National Assemblies of Modena and Parma, touching the annexa tion of these States to Sardinia. He ex pressed in their views, and | promised to urge the matter before the ! great European Powers. Continued military movements indicate that the Italians have determined to rely upon themselves for their protection. It is asserted that Fi ance lias nearly one hundred thousand troops in Italy. The Spanish expedition against Mo rocco is composed of twelve thousand troops. Arrived at Liverpool, the ship Refuge, | from New Orleans. Later from Mexico. New Orleans, Sept 20.—We have re ceived Tampico dates to the 14th inst. General Garza was preparing to leave Tampico, with large reinforcements, for i the interior. The Liberal army now numbers eigh teen thousand. We have received nothing of Degolla i do’s movements. Gen. Wool had defeated the Liberals > near Leon. Gen. Miramon was expected before : San Luis Potosi. Arrival of tlic Moses Taylor. New York, Sept. 27.—The steamship Moses Taylor has arrived from Aspin wall, with $2,000,000 in specie. Her news is unimportant. Tile New York Dry Goods Trade. The Independent, of Thursday, 22d j inst-., says : The auctioneers have typen the busiest salesmen, for the importers are doing lit tle. except the auctionjrooms. The sac | rilices submitted to in prices by the im i porters has been large, and must leave a heavy loss. Jobbers are very active, and ’ are miking good profits. The importa tions of French goods have proved thus far to be much in excess of the demand, and the finest fabrics have been sold at a very great decline from the cost of im portation. The West buys very moder ately of fine goods—consuming mostly domestic goods. French and German cassimeres of desirable styles Are selling well, but at low prices. Domestic fabrics j are in active demand. Cotton staple goods are firm. Prints are not so active as they have beeu, but appear steady in price. Delains are buoyant in price, as well as quick of sale, for all desirable styles. Woolen goods are rather dull for the season. Fancy cassimeres are firm iu price ; but heavy goods are supplying their place. Shawls are among the most active articles, and the large assortments offered are being rapidly reduced. Accident to an iEronaut. The New Castle (England) Chronicle has an account of an extraordinary fall sustained by an aeronaut from his bal ; loon, which did not immediately kill j him, though sometime after he died of the internal injury received. The balloon ascended with great rap idity immediately on being released from restraint, and as it glided higher and higher, the crowd repeatedly cheered the aeronaut, who descended from his car— a kind of basket, covered with red cloth, and containing seats for two persons— and performed his trapez exploits to the half averted gaze of the assemblage in the distance. Ilis adveuturous aoiheve ments were pretty freely condemned by those whom he had left a few minutes previously, and we can say that it was a great relief, after seeing him suspended by the foot from liis frail machinery, at a height of about a thousand feet, to see that he had taken liis seat in the car. The balloon was seen to descend in a clover field by a farmer and his son, who were employed in the adjoining enclos ure. The hedge prevented them seeing exactly what occurred, but there is no doubt the car reached the ground in safety. There was but very little wind at the time, and the descent took place in Ia most favorable situation. There can be but little doubt, however, that the grappling-iron failed to keep its hold, and that the balloon dragged a few yards along the ground, causing some of the ballast to be sustained. At this moment the daring voyageur seem3 to have been getting out of the car, when the balloon, rising with sudden velocity, caught his feet In the ropes, and whirled him unex pectedly into the air. For a moment lie was seen with his head hanging down wards, in the next the rope was disen tangled, and he fell into the clover field beneath, a distance not certainly less : than 120 feet. The persons near him im mediately ran to his assistance; to their surprise, he was not dead, but spoke in an incoherent manner, complaining that be was nearly suffocated with gas. Upon close examination, it was discovered that no bones were broken, nor were there wounds of any kind. The medical gen tleman in attendance regarded the case favorably, and the general impression was one of unbounded astonishment that so little injury followed the catastrophe. The dress of the aeronaut was slightly soiled, and a watch, which was suspend ed from his neck at the time of the fall, was lying on the table by his bed-side, and contiirned faithfully to record the time. Mr. L. S. Heistand, clerk of Mowry & Vance, druggists, Mansfield, Ohio, lost his life in a strange manner last* week. The Mansfield Banner says : lie was endeavoring to extinguish a burning bottle of Damar varnish, which having boiled over, caught fire on the outside, from the flame of the fluid lamp in the furnace, and as the store appeared in danger of taking fire from the dlose proximity of combustible articles, hurri edly grasped the bottle by the neck and passed out at the back door with it, when just as he was placing it on a store box, it exploded, throwing the contents over his arms, limbs and body, which were so .horribly burnt ere he could passthrough the store to the street and receive assis tance, as to cause his death in a few hours. ♦ - From New Mexico. St. Louis, Sept. 24.—A duel took place near Masilla between Judge Watts and Otero. The seconds interfered after three ineffectual shots. It is reported that Otero is elected to Congress by 1,400 majority. For the Daily Fun. • Mr. Editor: A daily reader of your valuable paper, I do not remember to have noticed iu H# pages any allusion to the pending election, and the mannet in \vhic(| the canvass is being conducted. Tour's, i- a proud position. Untrammell ed tiy like shack!-.-# of party, yon can dare to cuikL mu il>e wioug. to approve and npliol t the t ight. Hence tins communi cation st-eks your columns W hat it may contain has no special party application. The aim is higher, nobler, and such as ought to commend itself to every vir tuous man of every party. Lot he or they, whom the cap tits, wear it to their own shame and infamy. It is said, Mr. Editor, that votes are being bought and sold in your streets as openly as the bales of your great sta ple, aud that some, at least of your Legislative candidates, arc boldly, oth- certainly, but more clandestinely, engaged iu the nefarious traffic The sellers, generally ignorant and illit erate men, may be ignorant ot the law, but the universal maxim ot the law is that ignorance is no excuse when it s sanctions are to be applied. The pur chasers are generally men of more intel ligence, and, who know the law into the violation and to the dangers of which they are subjecting others. It is as 1 ol io ws : “If any person shall hereafter buy or I sell, or offer to buy- or sell a vote ; or be concerned iu buying or selling a vote, or shall unlawfully vote at any el c tion which may be held in any county m this State, such person shall be indicted for a misdemeanor, and on conviction, | shall be punished by imprisonment and labor in the penitentiary for a term not j less than one year nor more than four years.” Cobb, 819. Is it possible, Mr. Editor, fora consid eration so paltry, vendors and purchu sers will run this great hazard ? Four years iu the penitentiary for a failure to be a freeman, and to exercise indepen dently a freeman’s greatest and most valuetf rights! But it is said, too, Mr. Editor, Hint your county candidates-*are engaged di rectly or indirectly in this miserable, degrading corruption of themselves, the people and the ballot box. If this be true they, of course, cannot plead ignor i ance, for if thus ignorant they lack the intelligence to represent you : if thus corrupt they lack the virtue nr.d integ ! rity—are unworthy of your confidence and support. In plain language, dis- I qualification from office is the penalty and | perjury the result of such conduct. To prove this, see the provisions of the con stitution of vour noble State. —Cobb, 1114 : Sec. 18. Each senator and representa tive, before he be permitted to take liis seat, shall take an oath or make affirma ! tion, that he hath not practiced any un- I lawful means, either directly or indi rectly, to procure his election, and every person shall be disqualified from serving as a senator or representative for the term for which lie shall have been elected, who shall have been convicted ot having given or offered any bribe or treat, or canvassed for such election, and every candidate employing like means and not elected, shall on conviction be ineligible | to hold a seat in either house, or to hold ! any office of honor or profit for the term | of one year, and to such other disabili- I ties or penalties as may be prescribed by j law. Sec. 19. Every member of the senate ; or house of representatives shall, before ; he takes his seat, take the following oath or affirmation, to-wit: “I, A. 8., do sol emnly swear, or affirm, (as the case may be,) that'l have not obtained my election by bribery, treats, canvassing, or other undue or unlawful means, used by mjr self, or others by my desire or approbar tion, for that purpose; that I consider ! myself constitutionally a senator or rep | resentative.” If it be true, Mr. Editor, that the ap pliances of canvassing, bribery, treating and money is to carry the pending elec tion, and that no one will be elected who will refuse these resorts; to the disgrace of your country be it so. Virtuous men will say, there is more honor in defeat than success by such means. Virtue will have its reward—vice its infamy, I and if crime shall meet its deserved pun | ishment let none sav they were not | warned. CENSOR MORU.M. Mississippi Items. Mississippi Literature.— Col. J. E. H. Claiborne lias in press liis new work, entitled “ The War l’ath of Sam Dale.” The life of Gen. Quit man, by the same | author, is nearly ready for publication. Mr. Claiborne is also collecting materials for a history of Mississippi. We doubt not each of these works will add to the | literary reputation of’ the South, and es | tablish on a firmer bas% the claims of their author to bo classed among thec-mi } nent literati of the land. Fire in Vicksburg.— The Vicksburg Whig, of the 22dinst., says: A fire broke out last night, about half past 8 o’clock, on Gordon street, near the railroad depot, and before it could be ar rested eight or ten frame buildings fell victims to the devouring element. It is i said to have originated in the stable of Hugh Rile}-, Esq. The residence of this gentleman was also destroyed. The build ings which were burnt were owned by Messrs. J. A. Klein, Wm. Finney, T. Purcell, Mrs. Brady, aud others. The houses were mostly old structures, and ; the entire loss is Dot heavy. Benedict Arnold and tlie Law of Libel. Mr. Everett, iu the 39th number- of his Mount Vernon address, says of Ar nold: 1 cannot refrain from repeating ; another anecdote of him, recorded by Mr. Sabine, which throws a dismal light on the repute in which he was held where, it might have been expected, if any where, that he would have been kindly viewed. After the Revolutionary war, he established himself in some sort of business at St. Johns, New Brunswick, which was principally settled by Ameri can loyalists. Ilis warehouse and the j merchandize in it, being fully insured, were destroyed by fire—and Arnold was ! charged in a newspaper with having himself set fire to the building, iu order to get the insurance, which was largely beyond the value of the property, lie | prosecuted the publisher of the paper for • libel, laid the damages at thousands, and recovered by the verdict of the jury two and sixpence! Such was the estimate formed by a St. Johns jury of his probity. A Perfect Lawyer. An English writer of the Nth century i bas given a sketch of “the character of a , perfect lawyer.” The concluding s>.n ----| tence of the eulogy is as follows: “In a word, whilst he lives, he is the delight of the court, the ornament of the bar, the glory of his profession, the pa tron of innocence, the upholder of right, j the scourge of oppression, the teiror of deceit, and the oracle of his country ; and when death calls him to the bar of Heaven by a habeas corpus cum causus, lie finds the judge his advocate, non suits the devil obtains a liberate from all infirmities, and continues still one of the'long robes, in glory. _ Lawyers, like everything else, have changed very much since the 17th cen tury. - It having been asserted that Commodore Stewart is “the last of the gallant band of heroic men who have m :de their country’s name immortal,” (that is, who have fought with England) the following list is annexed to show the names of others who (the patriotic writer might Lave named cor rectly) served in the war of 1812: Wm 15. Shubrick, John T. Newton, Isaac Mayo! Geo. C. Reed, Jos. Smith, and J. D. Sloat! TLe Kentucky Millionaire. The late Robert Wickliffe was a native of \ lrginia, and emigrated to Kentucky a pool, unlettered boy. He commenced i his career as a day laborer at fifty cents , a day, became an eminent lawyer, and was the largest capitalist in Kentucky at the time of his death, his property being estimated at four millions. Captain George P. Elliott, of Prince j ; William’s, is nominated in the Charleston ; Mercury as successor to Hon. L. M. Keitt j ’ in the 87th Congress. VI lio first Introduced tle Tea-Plant Into America ! Many suppose that the sticccs-lul effort of Dr. Junius Smith, of South Cardin . was the first attempt to cultivate the i-,a ■ plant in America. Too much credit can not be given to that gentleman, who at an advance age, when most men have re tired from the active pursuit# of life, e;i gaged heartily in the culture of the L | crage shrub of China. He labored alone, | without the aid of som- great Society fu the acclimation of foreign plants, am: without the expense ot’ any one in the ! United States who had gone before hi ; l in such an undertaking. Yet in Brazii, as early as 1810, there was a successful effort, cn a grand scale* to introduce the tea-plant to our Continent In 1855 a : correspondent from Rio de Janeiro iur- I nished us with the interesting facts on | this subject, and we now reproduce some of them, as the press hasiecently teemed with at tides on “the culture ot lea in the | United States.” When the King of Portugal fl and from ! the invading army of Junot m 1807, he | took up his residence at llio de Janeiro. Many reforms were introduced into the affairs of Brazil, the ports were thrown open to the commerce of the world, libra ries were established, and ameliorations of various kinds were promoted. The Government encouraged the acclimation of various trees, plants and cereals, ot the corresponding latitudes of Asia, Africa, and the Pacific Islands. It was in 1810 that the first China tea-plants were re ceived at Rio de Janeiro, and there cul tivation was commenced iu the Botanical ; Garden near the city, aud in the royal, i now itnperal, farm of Santa Cruz. The j government determined that no means : should be wanting to the best treatment !of the plants. The Count of Liuhare-, Prime Minister of Portugal, procured the immigration of several hundred China : men. These Celestials did not come Horn ! the half-commercial, half-piratical popu i lation of the sea coast, but from the agri j cultural districts of the interior. They had been practically acquainted from ; childhood with the whole process of traiu j ing the plant, and of preparing the tea | for market. Owing in part, doubtless j to the characteristic diffeneuces in the i soil of Brazil from that of China, the ; workmen did not at first succeed in pro | ducing so good an article as that of the Celestial Empire. But when the government was ©occu pied with what it esteemed more weighty affairs, several private Brazilian planters took up the matter. This was chiefly in the delightful Province of san Paulo, whose climate is very much like that of South Carolina, only the winters of the Brazilian Province are not more severe than a South Carolina November. These Planters, though they encountered years of discouragement, have lived to see the cultivation and preparation of tea one o the most flourishing and remunerative branches of South-Brazilian agriculture!-. Dr. Junius Smith experienced great difficulty in securing the seed in good condition from China, and as there will, doubtless, soon be many attempts to “raise” our own tea, the experience of the Brazilian planters is worth attention. Dr. Reinhart, an American who resides in the Province of San Paule, whose name is well known in the scientific circle of Boston and Philadelphia, furnished our correspondent with the following inform ation on this subject: Tea is raised from the seed, which is preserved by being simply buried in brown sugar, and can thus be transported to any portion of the country. The little tea-balls, or seed, are planted in beds, and when well sprouted, are transferred, in the manner of cabbage plants, to the field, and placed five feet apart. The shrubs, when grown, are kept very clean by the hoe, or by the plough, which, through a recent intro duction, has been, on some plantations, eminently successful. The shrubs are never allowed to attain a height of more thau four feet, and the leaves are considered ready for picking after the third year. The culture, the gathering and the preparation of tea are not difficult, and in Brazil the labor is so light that the children of slaves are often engaged in collec’ing the leaves. All the apparatus used is exceedingly simple, consisting only of baskets, a frame work on which the leaves are rolled, and open ovens, or metalic pans, in which the tea is dried by means of fire beneath. Dr. Reinhart, who examined person ally all the portions of China where tea is grown, says that it is a hardy plant, deciduous in China; but in Brazil, it ceases not to put forth its leaves. He is of the opinion that tea will grow in any part of the United States from Southern Pennsylvania to the Gulf of Mexico.— Some of the planters of San Paulo have found the tea culture more profitable than that of coffee, and, as we need expe rience on this subject in our country, wo would suggest that our government, through the proper channel, authorize two or three of our naval officers on the Brazilian coast to visit the Province of San Paulo for the purpose of investiga ting the matter. Santos, the principal port of San Paulo, is only from ten to thirty leagues from excellent plantations of tea. Dr Reinhart, whose residence is at Sorocaba, or Limeira, could give much scientific information on this sub ject; while John Rudge, Esq., an intelli gent English planter of San Paulo, could contribute many most valuable hints from practical experience. The whole expenses ot a couple cf officers detailed for this purpose from our flag ship in the Brazilian squadron, need not be SSOO ; while the knowledge thus spread before American readers would be worth many thousand. A. 4, Journal of Commerce. • Georgia Made Rail Road Iron. t karri from the Griffin Empire State that eleven car loads of rail road iron passed through that place, a day or so ago, on the Macon & Western Road, ship ped from the Atlanta-Rolling Mill to some point below. We have noticed some of this iron passing up the State Road, and it will compare favorably with any we ever saw. Every year Georgia is becom ing more independent, and in a very few years more she will be able to manufac ture everything she needs. Her mineral wealth is, inexhaustible- indeed she lias e\ery element to make her a great State, and we long to see the day when she will not Lave to look to. the North for any thing wlien she will manufacture her own goods—when she can, in truth, be called not only the “Empire State of the South,” but of the Union.— Dalton Times. Canada will not, Support a Throne. Speaking of the expected visit of the Prince of Wales to Canada, The Toronto Leader significantly remarks : “Ilis Roy a‘ Highness will receive all the respect due to au heir of the English throne, and the sou of a constitutional sovereign, whose reign has been marked by a series of practical reforms. On his* parr, he visits this country with the full knowl edge that, from its position, it can never suppo* a throne for any of his numer ous family, and that this loyal people will one day—it may not be far distant—march quietly to national independence. But even when that day comes, it will be a matter of real satisfaction and just pride to England that she lias given her mas culine language, her just laws and her tree principles to a second nation in the New World. And in that feeling of pride and satisfaction it will not be beneath i constitutional sovereign to share.” Tlie Am rora Borealis* Accounts from all quarters indicate that the late displays of the Aurora ex tended over a very large portion of the earth’s surface, from beyond the Canada# to the Gulf of Mexico and the West Indi an islands—probably over the largerjpart of the North American continent—and Eastward es far, at least as the Western coast of Europe. It was seen in England on the morning of the 20th of August, a time correspon ding with our midnight display of the 28th, and shoving what has beeu fre quently observed, that these phenomena occur simultaneously in places widely separated. Nutmegs in California. The Santa Cruz (Cal.) News states that the nutmeg produced in that vicinity is equal to the imported. It adds that there are hundreds of grown trees in the neighboring “grove.”