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■. —-
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ADVERTISEMENTS.
Advertisement* will be inserted in tbo Weekly
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nonpareil type,) for the first insertion, and fifty
cents for each subsequent insertion of the Bnme.
Professional and other cards, not exceeding five
lines, inserted six months for eight dollars, or for
twelve months at fourteen dollars.
Announoementsof candidates foretime not ex
ceeding three months, five dollars; for all time
over three months, at the rate of two dollars per
month —pay required in advance.
Tuesday July 31, 1860.
The Executive Committee, says the
Savannah Republican, have postponed
the Georgia Douglas Convention till the
14th of August, on which day it will meet
in Milledgeville.
The Rome Courier says, W. R, Partin
was thrown from a horse on Tuesday the
17th inst., and by the fall, his right leg
was broken below the knee—the bones
protruding through the flesh.
Jas. Hall, charged with the murder of
Robert Patterson, in Floyd county, was
found guilty of involuntary manslaugh
ter on thc22d iu the Superior Court of
the county.
The Selma Issue of the 22d, learns that
a son of the late Wiley P. Swift was kill
ed near Summerfield, on Friday last, by
the accidental discharge of a gun in his
own hands, while riding in a buggy.
♦ ■ - ■ -
The Harris County Enterprise of the
19th, states that.an interesting revival is
progressing at the Baptist church in that
place. The altar has been crowded with ‘•
the anxious, day and night, and the !
meeting bids fair to do much good
The Newnan (Ga.) Blade, of the 20th,
learns that on Friday night previous, a
negro house, on the plantation of the
Hon. Glenn 0. Wynne, Senator of that
county, took fire and burned down with
four negro children in it, which were also !
consumed in the flames.
A young man named John E. Jones,
son of a highly respectable physician of j
Charlottsville, Va., committed suicide in
Memphis a few days since at the Wor
sham House, by shooting himself with a
pistol, lie came there about a year since
seeking employment as a school teacher.
Silk Crop Destroyed.
A letter from Beyrout, Syria, states
that in consequence of the disturbances
iu the Lebanon district, the entire crop
of silk has been destroyed, the loss being
estimated at §10,000,000.
Bell and Everett in Illinois.
A dispatch from Chicago says : The
leading friends of Bell and Everett, from
the various counties of this State, held a
business meeting to day and resolved to
call a State Convention, to meet at Deca
tur on the lGtli of August, to nominate
Presidential electors and State officers.
<►
Crops in Lowndes and Butler, Ala.
The Montgomery Mail says the corn
along the line of the Florida Rail Road, j
is almost a total failure, save in a few i
bottom places. The stalk is severely
burned from the warm weather and the
fodder in many places is dropping to the
earth.
The Lynchburg Tragedy.
George W. and William Ilardewicke
have been bound over each in the sum of
§IO,OOO to answer the charge of killing
Joseph Button, assistant editor of the
Lynchburg Virginian. The application
for bail was granted by the Court on the
ground of delicate health of the defend
ants.
Georgia military Institute.
Wo invite special attention to the report
of the Board of Visitors of the above In
stitute, wlucli appears elsewhere this
morning. We design to recur to the sub
ject to-morrow or at an early day, and
comment at length on a particular sug
gestion recommended iu the report.
Crops in Barbour.
The Spirit of the South has seen a pri
vate letter from a planter in a distant
part of the county, giving the most de
plorable account of the condition of the
eorn crop, and the suffering likely to en
sue from its failure. Ilis estimate is,
that there is no chance for more than
one fourth of a crop. Cotton too has
suffered severely, and beyond all possi
bility of an average crop.
Destructive Storm.
We learn from tbe Dalton Times that a
severe storm passed over that place on
Thursday evening last. About three
miles north es Dalton the injury to the
corn crop was very great, and hundreds
of fruit trees were prostrated. The loss
in the place is estimated at §2,000.
Iu Milton county the storm was very
destructive. Its width was about two
miles, and prostrated timber, fruit trees,
fences and dwellings.
Meeting in Bibb County.
The friends of Breckinridge and Lane
held a meeting in Macon on the 21st inst.,
for the purpose of appointing delegates
to the Milledgeville Convention. Reso
lutions among others were adopted en
dorsing the nominations, and inviting
the co-operation of the Opposition party
as the platform adopted by them at Mil
ledgeville iu May last, virtually approves
the platform to which the Democratic
nominees are pledged. Eighteen dele
gates were appointed to the approaching
Convention.
Fatal Ooeurrence.
The Charlotte (N. C.) Bulletin learns
that Mr. Cyrus J. Wilson, of Hopewell,
N. C., met his death under the following
melancholly circumstances :
It seems that Mr. W. had put up a
swing for the use of his children and had
placed himself on it for the purpose of
testing its security, when the rope broke
aud he was precipitated to the ground.—
Although fatally injured, he managed to
walk to the house, and when asked if a
physician should be sent for, replied no 1
and never spoke again, be lingered until
about 4.V p. m. the following day when
death put an end to his sufferings.
Excitement Among tbe Bruisers.
A dispatch from Albany, N. Y., states
that an immense excitement was created
there on the 19th by the appearance of
Ileenan and his trainer, McDonald, in
the streets. A great crowd of crop haired
and broken nosed citizens gathered about
every saloon which the celebrities visited
and the air was vocal with shouts for the
Champion of the World.
From the Ist of January to the Ist of
July, it is stated that 4,200 passports
were issued from the State Department
at Washington, about three-fifths of
which were to naturalized citizens. The
number now issuing is comparatively
email.
VOLUME IV.}
Editorial Correspondence.
Marietta, Ga., July 19, 1860.
Dear Sun : From the caption of this
letter, you will perceive we have reached
our destination, which we did yesterday
I morning at 11 o’clock. No incident oc
curred to give diversity to the trip from
Columbus, save a vexatious, but irreme
diable delay of five hours or more at the
delectable village of Opelika. Under dif
j ferent circumstances a sojourn there of
! five hours or as many days, would by no
means be disagreeable, with the advan
tages of its good water, pure and invigo
rating atmosphere and assidious atten
tions of “mine host” of the “Sledge
House.” But to the traveler bound for a
certain destination, and desiring to reach
it as early as practicable, the delay is a
source of great annoyance and inconven
ience.
Leaving Opelika between 12 and 1
o’clock we were soon hurrying to Atlanta
over the LaGrange and Atlanta road,
which is pronounced the best in Georgia.
Those who would experience a practical
illustration of the manner in which time
aud space can be most beautifully and
agreeably annihilated, should take atrip
over this well constructed road. Arriv
ing at Atlanta of a most ex
cellent and refreshing breakfast at the
“ Trout House,” Mrs. Starr, Proprie
tress, and took passage in crowded cars
for Marietta. The travel over the State
Road at this season is immense, and the
income from this source must form no in
considerable item in swelling tbe month
ly receipts to §40,000, an irrefutable ar
gument iu favor of its economical man
agement, to which the observations of
one trip alone enables us to bear witness.
We are stopping at the “ Kennesaw
House,” kept by Messrs. Barrett & Ash
bourne, the latter well known in Colum
bus as a most excellent gentleman.
The “ Kennesaw House” seems to be a
favorite resort, and the proprietors de
monstrate themselves to be accomplished
caterers to the convenience of the travel
ing public. The table is bountifully
spread, and is supplied with every com-
of “ the inner man,” which the
neighborhood and facilities off transpor
tation afford, and no pains are spared to
make “ a stranger in a strange land”
feel entirely at home. The House is fur
nished with conveniences for taking the
luxury of a bath, warm or cold, shower
or plunge, at any hour, which seem to
be highly appreciated by the guests who
do not hesitate to avail themselves of this
indispensable requisite to their comfort.
Several persons and families are here
with the view of spending the summer.
Among other visitors is his Excellency
Gov. Brown, who is in attendance on the
annual Commencement exercises of the
Georgia Military Institute ; also Col. It.
L. Mott, of Columbus, who is one of the
Board of Visitors.
The exercises commenced last week
and closed yesterday. On Thursday
evening last the anniversary address was
delivered before the Syemolectic Society
by Cadet Seaborn Jones Benning, of Co
lumbus. His subject was, “ Tbe Ad
vantages of a Military Education,” which
is spoken of as a very creditable effort.
The regular Commencement exercises
occurred yesterday. Five young men
to wit: James M. Johnson, of Marietta,
A. A. Freeman, of Macon, R. L. Wade,
of Savannah, aud it. H. Atkinson, of Ma
con, received the honors of the Institu
tion. The last mentioned delivered the
valedictory addresses, whicK are men
tioned in terms of highesteulogium. The
Diplomas were awarded by Gov. Brown,
and the address to the class was delivered
by Col. Lochranc, of Macon, the orator
of the occasion. The whole was crown
ed by a dress parade of the Cadets in the
afternoon, and the grand finale of a ball
at night, which was largely attended by
the “beauty and chivalry” of Marietta.
The usual annual encampment of the Ca
dets will be spent at Atlanta, whither
they go on Monday next, thence to Stone
Mountain.
The report of the Board of Visitors will
be sent you, and to one feature of it I
desire to refer at length at another time.
I expect to return home by Saturday
next, and in the meantime you will hear
from me again. Y.
Marietta, Ga., July 21, 1860.
Dear Sun: —To-day has been set apart
by the Democracy of this (Cobb) county,
for the purpose of ratifying the nomina
tions of Breckinridge and Lane ; and the
hard-fisted, tax-paying, cracked-heel‘un
terrified,’ are pouring in from the adja- ’
cent country. The Hon. L. J. Gartrell,
the immediate representative from this
Congressional District, has arrived on the
train from Atlanta, iu response to an
invitation to address the people. Messrs.
Wm. H. Stiles and 0. A. Lochrane were
also expected to be present, but have
been compelled to decline by reason of |
unforeseen circumstances.
Judging from all I have seen and been
able’ to ascertain, the people of this coun
ty have determined not to waive their ;
right to protection of the ~p eculiari istitn
tion” in the Territories.
As to Douglas, many assert with con
fidence that he will not receive the suf
frage of a man in the county, and up to
this time I have not seen or heard of a
single adherent of the “Little Giant.” i
Bell and Everett are not without their
fiiends, but they are “few and far be
tween,” and it is expected that the party
will grow “small by degrees and beauti
fully less” towards the election, as no es
sential difference exists between its princi
ples, as declared a few months since, and j
those of the platform to which the nomi
nees of the anti Douglas Democracy stand
pledged.
Cobb does not stand alone, as I am
informed, iu its almost unanimous prefer
ence for Breckinridge, but all the moun
tain counties of Georgia will give large
majorities to him aud his associate in
November next. These are facts, as
nearly as I can attain to them, and I give
them merely as such, regardless of poli
tical bias or prejudice.
Gov. Brown, who left here a day or
two since, has unequivocally declared his
preference for Breckinridge ; so has Dr.
H. V. M. Miller, the “ Demosthenes of
the Mountains,” who electrified a Colum
bus audience by an eloquent speech, du
ring the Gubernatorial canvass, in favor
of Col. Warren Aiken.
In Alabama, the flower of the Opposi
tion party have given their adherence to
Breckinridge and Lane. Among them
may be mentioned, the Hons. S. F. Rice,
T. J. Judge, W. P. Chilton, and J. J.
Hooper, Esq., of Montgomery ; Col. J. W.
Echols, of Macon county; Hon. Wm. S.
Mudd, of Jefferson, and Hon. S. F. Hale,
of Greene, and others. But notwith-
THE WEEKLY SUN.
standing all this, it requires “ neither a
prophet nor the son of a prophet” to
foresee that with a divided South, the
Black Republicans stand the best chance
of a triumph by the popular vote.
Another and very practical question,
which elicits general interest in this
grain-producing country, is, “what shall
we do for bread next year?” There is
no shirking this question, however much
may be achieved in politics by wire
working. The crops are literally parch
ing from the protracted drought, and in
many places, as I learn, rain now would
be too late to remedy their condition.
I am admonished to close, but cannot
do so without acknowledging my indebt
edness to Mr. N. B. Williams, editor of the
“ Southern Statesman,” one of the papers
of this place, for the many “small, sweet
courtesies,” which have conduced much
to the pleasure of my visit here. I will
leave to-day, but before doing so, will
send you another and a last letter.
Y.
Weather and Crops.
The Canebrake (Ala.) Gazette publish
ed in the heart of the richest cotton re
gion of Alabama, says : Our region is still
suffering severely from the protracted
drought. The corn crop is beyond remedy.
It is short, very short, and very little
good fodder, or in fact fodder of any kind,
can be gathered. The cotton crop will
be very much damaged, too, unless we
have rain soon. In truth, we think that
the crop of cotton in this region will un
questionably be short.
A violent storm of wind, rain anckbail,
passed over the same region which was
very destructive to the crops.
The Pensacola Observer is informed
by a gentleman who has traveled over
the counties of South Alabama, that the
corn crop in many places is an entire
failure, and the blasted stock has been
cut down for fodder forage.
The Upson Pilot says: From several
days observation this week, in Talbot
county, we are satisfied that the upland
cotton there, is past recovery. Several
of the farmers are cutting it down in or
der to economize and ward against any
encroachments on the present supplies.
The prospect is equally bad in this coun
ty-
The Dallas (Ala.) Gazette says a good
rain has not fallen there since February,
and tbe farmers are cutting down their
corn to cure the stalk and blade for fod
der. Western corn is selling at §1 12.}
to §1 20 and meal at §2 per bushel.
A private letter from Barbour county,
Ala., informs us that in the neighbor
hood of Louisville, the Western part, the
crops of corn and cotton are failing rap
idly for want of rain, and scarcely one
third of a crop will be made unless it
falls soon.
A correspondent of the Louisville Jour
nal from Cumberland county in that
State, says the corn crops are parching
up. Wheat is almost an entire failure,
caused by the freeze of last winter. Old
corn is selling at §5 per barrel ; wheat
at §2 per bushel.
♦
Senator Fitzpatrick’s Position.
Senator Fitzpatrick has written a let
ter to Hon. J. L. M. Curry indicating his
preferences in the pending Presidential
contest, which are for Breckinridge and
Lane, as he flatly expresses in conclu
sion. We give the following extracts :
“ I could not accept the nomination
with Mr. Douglas, for the reasons set
forth in my letter of declension, and for
others, which I Eaid in that letter, I
would not then impose. I differ entirely
with him on the territorial question, as
set forth in my letter to Mr. Hudgins last
fall, and as indicated by my vote on the
Senate resolutions, commonly called the
“ Davis resolutions,” which passed the
Senate at the last session of Congress.
“ Differing as widely as we do upon
the question of popular, or Squatter
Sovereignty and the protection of slave
property in the Territories, I could not
have accepted the nomination with Mr.
Douglas, on the platform presented,
without subjecting myself to the imputa
tion of having abandoned well matured
opinions for tbe hope of obtaining power
and place.
The Public Lauds.
The number of acres embraced in the
proclamation, now published, for the
public lands sales in Minnesota in Octo
ber next, is three millions and three
quarters. In 1853, seven millions were
offered, but owing to the pressure and
intercession of settlers, all except seven
hundred thousand acres were withdrawn.
A year ago, of the two or three millions
of acres offered for sale, the lands pre
empted were omitted as a further relief
to the settlers. The rule is that the old
est surveyed land are first offered. The
number of acres included in the procla
mation for sales of lands in the Territor
ies of Kansas and Nebraska, in Augusta,
is seven millions.
Outrage on Mons. Well%
The Rome Courier learns from gentle
men present on that occasion, that an
outrage was perpetrated on Mons. Wells,
the balloonist, at Nahcalula on the 4th
’ j
inst. It seems that he had advertised to j
make an ascension, a large crowd had
assembled, and some thirty or forty dol- i
lars had been made up to pay him for his j
perilous voyage. When the Balloon was
nearly inflated it burst, and some drun- !
ken men fell in upon him with sticks and ;
brickbats in a most injustifiable manner,
and compelled him to secure his personal
safety by flight.
From Oregon.
By the Overland Mail from California
we learn that it is conceded that the
Democratic candidate to Congress is
elected, and that such a legislature has
been chosen as renders certain the defeat
of Gen. Lane and Delazon Smith to the
U. S. Senate. The Democratic papers,
however, claim that no Republicnn can
be elected to the Senate; and intimate ,
that the Lecompton and anti-Lecompton j
Democratic members will compromise |
their differences, so as to secure two
Democratic Senators of moderate senti
ments.
Attempted Abduction of a Slave of
the Savauiiali Blues.
The New York Journal of Commerce
says that a slave belonging to Capt. An
derson of the Savannah Blues, visited the
Police Head Quarters at night. Several
abolitionists present endeavored to per
suade him to leave, which he steadily re
fused to do. The abolitionists were sec
onded in their efforts by a large body of
free negroes, but with as little success.
Increasing Consumption of Cotton.
It is estimated that the additional
number of cotton spindles which will be
put in operation in England and the Uni
ted States in 1861, commencing with the
present year, will consume 360,000 bales
> of cotton.
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, JULY 31. 1860.
The Rights of Neutrals.
On the 17th inst., as the reader has
been informed, the French Minister at
Washington, Baron Mercier, gave a for
mal notice of the declaration of war
against China by France and England.—
It revives the question of the rights of
Neutrals, and the following are the rules
which have been promulgated in England,
I and which have been agreed upon by
France and England to be observed dur
ing the war. We are indebted to the New
Orleans Picayune for a synopsis of them;
1. The flag of a neutral shall cover
enemies goods, not contraband of war ;
in other words, free ships make free
goods.
2. The goods of a neutral, not contra
band of war, are not subject to capture,
under an enemy’s flag ; in other words,
enemies’ ships do not make enemy’s goods
Neutral goods, not contraband, a-re
free under all flag3 ; and enemies’ goods,
not contraband, are free under the neu
tral flag.
The exceptions cut of these rules are
captures made in tbe attempt to break a
blockade, which is maintained by a force
“ really sufficient to prevent access to the
coast of the enemy.”
3. Notwithstanding the declaration of
war, and the fact of hostilities in China,
it is agreed that the French and English
may trade freely with all ports of China,
and all persons residing and trading in
any of the Chinese dominions, and in
case of the capture of any Chinese vessels,
the lona fide goods of Frenchmen and En
glishmen feund on board, not being con
traband of war, are not to be considered
as prizes, but to be mutually restored.
These rules concede all that has ever
been contended for by the United States.
Steam Power.
Eds. Sun: —l promised you occasion
ally, as my time would permit, some
remarks upon the Steam Engine. I have
had a great deal to do with them, first
and last, and have often lamented that
our planters are so slow in adopting them
in connection with farming purposes.
There are in the United States hundreds
of thousands in motion, and of course
there must be some accidents, where the
numbers are so great, and they are man
aged by so many careless and ignorant
people. Again, out of this vast number,
there are a great many that are badly
built, a great many worn out, and the
owners too stingy, or too poor, to have
them repaired. Every accident to life or
limb, or causing important damage to
property, is chronicled in all the papers.
These facts all go to make an impression
upon the common mind, that a Steam
Engine is as dangerous a thing as the
old lady’s gun, which was dangerous
without lock, stock or barrel.
But it is a mistake; for they can be
made more safe than a well broke family
horse, and now-a-days are made so sim
ple, that an intelligent negro can suc
cessfully manage them on a short train
ing; and moreover, such safeguards can
be placed around the stationary engine,
that it will blow up only by actual design.
In my next, I will speak of the safe
guards. STEAM ENGINE.
♦
Military.
The Savannah Republican Blues arriv
ed in New York on Friday afternoon last,
as the Chicago Zouaves wero leaving for
Boston. They were formally welcomed
in a speech by Lieut. Col. Ferris, of the
Committe of reception, and salutes on the
Satellite sent to meet them, and on shore.
They number 212 members, though
but 90 participate in the excursion. On
Saturday afternoon they were entertain
ed by B. M. Whitlock, at his residence in
Harlem.
Augusta ami Macon Rail Road.
The Constitutionalist of Sunday an
nounces that the work on the Milledge
ville Road, (better known, perhaps, as
the Augusta & Macon railroad) was com
menced on Saturday, near Warrenton.—
At that point there are about two hun
dred hands ; and work on other sections
will soon* be commenced, and the work be
pushed forward to au early completion.
The routo determined on is to connect
with Warrenton.
♦ ——
Memphis and Little Rockßail Road.
The Nashville Union states that George
Peabody, the London banker, has con
tracted through his agent at Memphis, to
furnish eight thousand tons of iron for
the Memphis and Little Rock Railroad
Company, a quantity sufficient,. it is
thought, for the completion of the road.
The contract was closed on the 16th inst.,
and the shipment of iron will be com
menced as soon as an order can reach
the contractor.
Rail Road Arrangements.
The Charleston Courier mentions ar
rangements for anew through ticket,
embracing the Charleston and Savannah
and the Northeastern Rail Roads. Among
others the new ticket includes the con
nection from Montgomery to Columbus
by the Montgomery & West Point Rail
Road; Columbus to Macon by South
Western Rail Road; Macon to Savannah
by Georgia Central Rail Road.
*•
Rail Road Meeting.
A Rail Road meeting was held at Ben
ton, Ala., on the 14th inst., for the pur
pose of discussing the propriety of run
ning the South Western Rail Road on
the South side of the Alabama river from
Montgomery to Selma. About §15,000
of stock wa3 taken on the spot and a com
mittee appointed to solicit further sub
scriptions.
Sudden Deatii.
We learn, says the Macon Telegraph,
that a woman named McKinney, a resi
dent of this city, was found dead abcut
three miles from the city on the east side
of the river on Monday evening last.—
The verdict of the coroner’s jury was
death from sun stroke.
The representatives of the several rail
roads, between Chicago and the seaboard,
have offered to advance the rate of freights
generally, after the 15th of August
Also to urge upon the different lines, car
rying passengers between common points,
to agree to the abolition of all agents,
outside officers, and the payment of com
missions.
— +
Cliauceller SafFold’s Resignation.
The Montgomery Confederation under
stands that Chanceller Saffold, either has
or will shortly resign the Chancellrosbip
of the Southern Chancery Division of
Alabama. It has not learned the cause,
but supposes it arises from the inadequa
cy of his salary.
*
The New Orleans papers announce the
death in that city in his 61st year, of
I Mr. Charles J. Mansoni. He was a na
tive of Leghorn, and for a long time past
had been a citizen of New Orleans. For
the last twenty-five years he had filled
■ ! the office of Consul of Tuscany.
Letter from Capt. Semmes.
Columbus, Ga., July 23, 1860.
To the Editor of the Xeic York Herald:
Sir : —Your morning edition of the
20th inst., has been this moment receiv
ed.
You make Capt. Ellsworth say, in be
half of his company, that he will accept
my challenge, &c.
We certainly have not challenged Capt.
Ellsworth and his company, and should
not have thought of doing so ; but we did
acctjpt their challenge thrown out through
your columns to all the military compa
nies throughout the United States.
For a number of reasons, (some of
which are obvious to you) which need
not be stated here, it is impracticable for
the Columbus Guards to meet the United
States Zouave Cadets of Chicago, at the
time named by yourself. Beside, we are
the challenged party, and claim the right
of naming place and time ; being govern
ed in so doing by what is alike due to
them and ourselves.
The Columbus Guards will meet the
United States Zouave Cadets of Chicago,
at Memphis, in tbe State of Tennessee,
in the month of May next, the day to be
hereafter named. Scientific tacticians to
be chosen as umpires.
In addition to the Infantry and Light
Infantry tactics of Scott and Hardee, if
Capt. Ellsworth has any other system for
foot troops in use by his company, which
is of any utility, and will furnish me
with a copy, the Columbus Guards will
meet the United States Zouave Cadets of
Chicago in them. On the other hand, I
will present Capt. Ellsworth with a copy
of the rules written for the Columbus
Guards by myself, modifying and apply
ing the rules for manoeuvring a battalion
by the rear rank, as prescribed by Scott
and Hardee, to the movements of a de
tached company.
The Columbus Guards discard without
reserve, all fancy movements, as un
worthy the attention of any military
company, but in doing so, they are not
to be understood as declining to drill with
the United States Zouave Cadets of Chi
cago, in any tactics for foot troops,
thereby demonstrating the relative quali
ties of the two companies, not as parade
soldiers, but as efficient military organ
izations.
PAUL J. SEMMES, Capt.
Another Royal Autograph Letter.
The editor of the Boston Post, of the
14th inst., says :
Wo have received a touching letter
from Queen Victoria, relative to her son’s
visit, requesting us to watch over his
morals, &0., but as she commenced it
“ Dear Charley,” we cannot publish it
in full—it might appear too familiar, and
married man, family troubles, &c., you
know.
New Cotton.
The Mobile Mercury, of the 23d, says:
The Express steamer Hudson, Captain
Baldwin, from Montgomery, brought
down one bale of new cotton, raised on
the plantation of J. H. Vaughn, in Dallas
county. It was consigned to Mr. R. J.
Young, of this city. We believe this is
the first cotton, of this year’s crop, re
ceived at this port. We have seen a sam
ple. It is only middling.
.
Almost a Fire.
The Sandersville Georgian says the
cotton factory in Sparta narrowly escap
ed being consumed by fire on Friday last.
The pick room was set on fire by a
spark caused by friction of some portion
of the machinery, and but for the force
pumps with which the factory has been
lately supplied, the entire building would
have been destroyed. The flames were
extinguished, however, before much dam
age was done.
Black Republicans in Virginia.
The Columbia (S. C.) Guardian states
that on the 4th of July, in Occoquon, a
village in Prince William county, Va.,
some sixty citizens erected a Black Re
publican flag, and speeches were made
by John Athey and the notorious John
Underwood. It is actually stated that
the Black Republicans paraded with arms
that belonged to a volunteer company
which atone time existed in that locality.
♦
Shot.
The Marion (Ala.) Commonwealth
learns that Samuel Shepard, Esq., for
merly of that place but now living in Ca
haba was accidentally shot on Saturday
last, whilst hunting. The upper portion
of his arm, and a part of bis shoulder
were badly shattered. It is stated that
he is in a precarious condition.
Weather in Louisiana.
The Shrieveport (La.) Gazette says no
rain has fallen in that vicinity for eleven
weeks past, and the soil is burning hot.
The thermometer has been up as high as
107 in the shade during the week ; cis
terns and wells are giving out ; and peo
ple are really suffering. Sickness is also
very prevalent—inmost instances prov-’
ing fatal.
Democratic Meeting in Washington
The National Democracy of Washing
ton county, favorable to the election of
Douglas and Johnson to the Presidency
and Vice Presidency, met at Sandersville
on the 25th to ratify their nominations.
The meeting was addressed by James S.
Hook, Esq., and fifteen delegates were
appointed to attend the Milledgeville con
vention. ’
Look out for Counterfeits
The Charleston Mercury has been
shown a specimen of a spurious ten dol
lar bill on the Bank of South Carolina
which it is said is being extensively cir
culated in the West.
Ice Trade.
The export of ice from Boston to Sa
vannah for the month ending June 30th
was 336 tons; total for all the ports, 13,-
806, total this year, 88,523 tons.
Lieut. Maury, of Arizona, has been
appointed by the President, Commission
er to run the eastern boundary line of
the State of California. His competitor
for the place was Wm. M. Brown, of
Washington.
J. Edgar Thompson, the President of
the Pacific Rail Road Company, announ
ces that he has closed a contract for the
graduation, crossties and laying track for
fifty miles of the Southern Pacific Rail
Road.
Prayers for Rain.
The citizens of North Rankin in Mis
sissippi, is stated have held a meeting to
pray for rain.
Mr. Benton Haliburton, Chief Justice
of Nova Scotia, died on the 16th inst., at
Halifax, says a dispatch of the 20th.
Wm. L. Walters, Esq. proprietor of the
National Hotel, Norfork, Va. died in that
city recently in £he 38th year of his age.
For the Daily Sun.
Opelika and Talladega Rail Road.
To the City Council and Citizens of Columbus:
In consideration of the implied will of
the people of Columbus to have this road
pushed forward to completion at an early
a day as possible, consistent with a safe
administration of the affairs of the Com
pany, the Directory agree to take into
favorable consideration, provided it meet
with your approbation, the following as
being for the reasons herein set forth, as
safe and far more expeditious and eco
nomical a method than the usual oue of
raising money by subscription to contract
the work.
We propose in tbe first place, to issue
bonds of this company to the extent of
§500,000, maturing at from eight to
twelve years hence. These bonds we will
negotiate for the purpose of buying ne
groes to build our road. We have at
present ample means to purchase all ne
cessary stock and implements of grading
for the use of these negroes, and we
pledge ourselves to raise our subscription
to §500,000, to guard against all contin
gencies.
But we believe we could more readily
negotiate these bonds and at less sacri
fice, if we could procuretheir endorsement
by some corporation of sufficient credit,
and we first ask their endorsement by the
city of Columbus as being the next party
most interested in tbe success of our road,
and to make her truly safe in the matter,
we propose in case of such endorsement,
to give her a lien upon the negroes so
purchased, and upon all stock and im
plements of grading that should be owned
by this company, and give her control of
the negroes by a majority in the Direc
tory.
The benefits arising from this plan we
propose to show to be as follows:
Taking our Engineer’s estimate of
§660,000 as the cost of the road bed with
the timbers laid down ready for the iron,
from Opelika to Childersburg as a basis,
we have in round numbers §1,500,000 as
the estimated cost of the road bed to Tus
cumbia. Our bonds, if properly endorsed,
should enable us to purchase 400 able
bodied negroes. These negroes would be
divided into 20 companies of 20 each, and
would upon an average be able to com
plete one and a half miles per year to
each company. This much, with the
subscribed grading wc have, will certain
ly build the road to Childersburg in three
years, and in five years thereafter we can
reach Tuscumbia.
Tbe cost of the outfit for these negroes
will be as follows :
200 mules at S2OO per head $40,000
200 carts at SSO each 10,000
1000 shovels, spades and picks, at $1 1,000
20 plows, at SSO 1.000
100 wheel-barrows, at $3 50 350
Blacksmith'and wheelright’s tools and
material 2,000
$54,350
Add 10 per cent, for contingencies 5.435
Total outfit $59,785
The cost of operating this force for the
first year will be—
Feeding and clothing 400 negroes, at
$75 per head $30,000
Do. do. 200 mules, at $75 per head 15,000
Salary of 20 overseers 8,000
Salary of Supervisor 1,500
Repairs 2,000
Interest on bonds 35,000
Add 10 per cent for contingencies 9,150
Total $100,650
At the end of the first year we can
have the cars running to Dadeville, when
the cost of our operations for the second
year vould be same as first year less
$25,000 from net earnings of the road... $75,650
Add amount of first year’s expenses 100,650
Total $176,300
This year we can complete tbe road to
Youngville, and our expense account will
stand thus:
Expense 3d year same as above less
$40,000 from receipts $60,650
Amount brought down 176,300
Total $236,950
At tlio end of the third year we would
have our road built to Childersburg, with
our bonds still five years to run, and the
receipts of the road would cover all ex
penses of operating the hands. We can
then push the road steadily, rapidly and
surely to Tuscumbia. We should certain
ly be enabled to reach Tuscumbia by the
end of the eighth year, when the negroes
could be sold to liquidate the bonds of the
company. The total and actual cost of
the road could then be easily summed up
as follows:
Expense of negroes as above $236,950
Loss in negroes of 12)4 per cent 65,000
Loss in outfit of 50 per cent 28,890
Total $320,840
We have sufficient assurances that we
can get our iron and cars if we can get
our road bed built. Tbe healthiness of
the country along the entire line would
justify us in making this outlay, and the
percentage of loss as above stated, we
think to be amply sufficient. This en
dorsement will be establishing no prece
dent. The city of Savannah has repeat
edly endorsed the bonds of her rail road
companies.
We think we have shown conclusively
that this road can be built and the capi
tal stock be confined to §500,000, and
would merely instance, if the Memphis
and Charleston Road, after paying the
interest of and yearly creating a sinking
fund to meet a bonded debt of $3,000,000,
pays a dividend of from 15 to 20 per cent,
on §3,000,000 of stock, what might we
not suppose would be the dividends of
§500,000 of stock in this road to Tus
cumbia ?
We desire the citizens of Columbus to
take this proposition under advisement,
and determine their action at an early a
day as possible. In the meantime, to
forward the work, we shall let out in
good faith, that portion of the road be
tween Opelika and Waverly.
Opelika, Alabama. DIRECTOR.
A Lucky Printer.
The London Times notices the fact that
a journeyman printer, a very steady, up
right and deserving old man, Las recent
ly become the possessor of §200,000 by
the decease of an uncle in Australia. He
had been employed in the office where he
was working at the time be received the
news of his accession to wealth for more
than forty years, without intermission.
Great Mortality from Sun Stroke.
The Augusta True Democrat learns
from a private fetter, that a gentleman
living near the Madison Springs, iu this
State, lost 15 negroes from sun stroke a
few days since. They were engaged in
ditching.
Arrival of the Cadets.
The Atlanta Locomotive notices the ar
rival in that city of the Cadets of the
Georgia Military Institute, under the
command ofMaj. Capers, Superintendent.
They will go into encampment there sev
eral days.
Dead.
We regret to learn, says the Savannah
News, Capt. Robert Day, formerly Cap
tain of (he revenue cutter Dobbin, at this
port, and for some time a resident of Sa
vannah, died at Staten Island, New York,
on Saturday last.
- ♦
The Philadelphia American Presbyte
rian, announces the death in that city,
of the Rev. Daniel C. Houghton, D. D.,
one of its editors, and a distinguished
Divine.
Jos. McCormick, Esq., formerly the
able Attorney General of Ohio, was re
; cently admitted to practice law in all the
Courts of Georgia. So says the Waynes
boro News.
Arrival of the Prince of Wales.
St. Johns, July 23.—The Prince of
Wales arrived here to-day.
INUMBER hi.
Boiler Kxplosions.
Eds. Sun: —ln my opinion, all or near
ly all explosions of stationary Boilers,
arise from the water getting too low in
them. When the shell or flues become
heated, by being left exposed to the action
of the fire, with no water on the opposite
side of the sheet to protect it from be
coming red hot, a sudden injection of
water coming in contact with red or white
hot iron, a gas is suddenly formed, and
a hundred safety valves would not pre
vent an explosion. There is another
cause of Boiler bursting, which, however,
does little if any other mischief than the
expense of mending the same and the loss
attendant upon suspension of operations.
That is by the accumulation of dirt in the
bottom of the Boiler, the iron receives no
protection from the water, (as the dirt
intervenes) it becomes heated to a red
heat, it weakens until the business pres
sure of forty to a hundred pojuuds splits
open the bottom and lets out the water
and puts out the fire. The explosion
being under water, the discharge is first
of water pouring through a large orifice,
and the Fireman, taking the hint, gets out
of the way before the steam is inhaled by
his luDgs. I have witnessed one of these
burstings, and known as many as four in
the city of Montgomery alone, but never
knew of any personal injury being inflict
ed. I call these burstings in contradis
tinction to explosions.
The burstings arise from the weakness
of the iron, caused by its being heated.
The explosions are caused by a vast vol
ume of gas suddenly formed, which no
iron can resist, any more than it could
resist gunpowder. In fact, the stronger
the iron the more disastrous the effects.
It is no hundred and fifty or two hundred
pound pressure, which will send a Boiler
of eight thousand pounds flying through
the air two to three hundred yards with
the velocity almost of a cannon ball. It
takes something as explosive and as ex
pansive as gunpowder, to perform such
feats of strength. Now, sirs, to prevent
this enemy from springing into existence,
to the destruction of life and property, as
it does almost daily, is the thing that I
have long desired, and I think it has
finally been most successfully accomplish
ed by two different persons. A person
named Lane (if I am not mistaken) has
invented a machine.to give the alarm, by
blowing a whistle, before the water has
got so low as to endanger the Boiler by
exposure of the flues or shell to the action
of the fire. The writer purchased one
fcr G. W. Winter, Esq., who attached it
to a Boiler at Bath, a few months since,
and it has given unqualified satisfaction
thus far. It operates hy a valve, which
has joints. They may get out of order,
but. are not liable to, in my humble opin
ion, unless after a lapse of some time,
may be months, may be years.
There is another which has been some
time in use at tho Bock Island Paper
Mills, in our own vicinity. This is the
patent of Ashcroft, the patentee of the
celebrated Steam Gauge, It appears to
me a perfect thing, as 1 see no possibility
of its failure to operate, except by the
design of an incendiary. It gives notice
when the water is getting dangerously
low, by blowing a whistle, and for fear
your man may be asleep on his post, puts
out the fire. This is surely so, and will
surely fulfil its mission as any agent
which is the creation of man. Unless
some malignant person, who understands
the machine, will designedly interfere
with its operation, I see no chance in the
world of its failure. It prevented a pro
bable explosion at Rock Island a short
time since; the trusty Sentinel which it
is, gave timely notice of the approaching
danger. Tho fire extinguisher had not
been attached yet, but the Fireman was
speedily on hand, and drew the fire before
the flues were fully exposed. There is
not a thing about it which can betray
you into a false security, by being out of
order without your being apprised of it.
In my next, I propose to show the
economy of using them, instead of mules,
for ginning, grinding, sawing, &c.
STEAM ENGINE.
By the way, the city of Providence has
passed a law that no Steam Engine shall
be licensed to run without an Ashcroft
Gauge.
Retailing Water in Louisiana.
We perceive by the last issue of tho
Shreveport (La.) Gazette, of the 14th,
that the people of that place are experi
encing great inconvenience and actual
suffering, from their inability to purchase
water (the free gift of God to man) even
for ordinary purposes.
A Mr. S. B. Jones, the lessee of the
spring which supplies the town with wa
ter advertises to furnish it to families at
the following rates:
Drinking water by the bucket charged
as folows from the 15th inst., to wit:
2 buckets daily for one month,...s3
3 <( << << u << q
4 “ <<
Water by the barrel of 40 gallons, 50
cents on delivery.
He has a regular superintendent of the
reservoir, who keeps the water clean and
executes orders for it. Mr. Jones says
the advance in prices is owing to the
high price of eorn, hay and provisions.
The Gazette urges the corporate au
thorities to purchase the spring and pre
vent its monopoly at a time like the pres
ent.
The St. Louis Merchants axdCajit.
Miller.
The merchants of St. Louis have held a
meeting and adopted resolutions de
nouncing the infamous conduct of Capt.
Miller, of the steamer Bay City, in refus
ing to aid the drowning passengers of the
burning steamer Ben Lewis, who were
struggling in the Mississippi and crying
aloud for help. This he refused, although
in the scene of the disaster with his boat
and had steam up. But when some of
them saved by the gallantry of others
were found on his boat, half Daked and
destitute of money, he put them on shore
on a destitute place, because they bad no
money to pay their passage. Among
other resolutions, the following were
passed:
Resolved. That we will not in any wise
transact business with Captain A. B. Mil
ler, or the steamer Bay City, or any oth
er vessel on which he may be employed
in any capacity, from the deck up.
Resolved. That human language fails
to express or convey the enormity of the
cruel sacrifice of the lives of the victims
who perished after the explosion of the
Ben Lewis, and that the public journals
be requested to notice, in a becoming
manner, this double crime.
♦
“Pray, sir, 1 ’ asked one man of anoth
er, with whom be had got into a politi
cal dispute, in a railroad car, “Pray, sir,
who is your candidate for the Presiden
cy! Bell?”
“Bell, sir! j Hell, sir! No, sir! My
candidate, sir, is Mr. Dougridge —I—I—
mean—Mr. Brecklas : d—n it, sir, what
is it to you, sir ? My candidate is the reg
ular Democratic candidate, and all right.”
An Affecting Memento.
The Bangor (Me.) Times learns by a
young gentleman of that city, who has
recently returned from Nova Scotia, that
among the articles brought up from the
wreck of the Hungarian, by the subma
rine operator, was a card of a young lady
who perished on the fatal night of the
wreck, on the back ofwhich was written
in pencil, in a firm hand, “Lizzie dies to
night!”
The “Chicago Zouaves’* and “Co
lumbus Guards”—Captain Semmes’
Letter.
The subjoined from the New York Her
ald of the 20th, renders a meeting for a
trial of skill between the “Zouave Ca
dets” of Chicago and the “Columbus
Guards” a “fixed fact.” The former will
find in the latter a foeman worthy of their
steel,” and all we have to say is that the
“Georgia Militia” spoken of by the Her
ald, are “eager for the fray,” and will
enter intoit with all the confidence which
a thorough knowledge of military tactics
and principles alone can inspire:
i\ e received the subjoined communica
tion yesterday, accepting the challenge
of the Zouaves, which we have already
published. We fancy our Georgia militia
will find, if they mean what they say in
this letter, that in the Zouaves, they will
find a powerful host:—
TO TIIE EDITOR OF THE HERALD.
Columbus, Geo., July 14, 1860.
Sir:—The United States Zonave Cadets
of Chicago assume “that they are the
best drilled military corps in the United
States or Canadas, and as an earnest of
the confidence they have in their ability”
put forth a challenge to the military
companies throughout the United States
and the Canadas.
The challenge, so vauntingly heralded
through your columns and other news
papers, especially in the North-west, is
accepted in behalf of the Columbus Guards
of this city, to drill as infantry and light
infantry, according to the established
standards of tactics in this country—
Scott and Hardee.
The “fancy drill” will be left to tho
competition of the United States Zouave
Cadets of Chicago and the school boy
“sogers.”
PAUL J. SEMMES, Captain.
My address is Paul J. Semmes, Colum
bus, Ga.
Capt. •Ellsworth, in behalf of his com
pany, will accept the challenge, and meet
the Columbus Guards, if they so desire, at
any point named on the Zouaves return
home; and if the Columbus Guards are
decided to be the champions, after a fair
trial of skill, the Zouaves will agree to
pay all traveling expenses their victors
may incur.
+.
Napoleon at Moscow.
The following description of Napoleon
at the burning of Moscow is from the
Count de Segur’s History of the expedi
tion of Russia:
“While our troops were yet struggling
with the conflagration, and disputing
the prey with the flames, Napoleon, whose
sleep none had dared to disturb during
the night, was awakened, by the two-fold
light of day and of tho burning city. His
first feeling was that of irritation, and ho
would have stayed the devouring element
by the breath of his command, but he
soon paused, and yielded to impossility.
Surprised that when he had struck at the
heart of an empire he should find there
any other sentiment than that of abject
submission, be felt himself vanquished,
and surpassed in heroic determination.
“This conquest, for which he had sac
rificed everything, was like a phantom
which he had eagerly pursued, and at the
moment when he imagined he had grasped
it he saw it vanish from him in a mingled
mass of smoke and flame. He was then
seized with extreme agitation; he seemed,
a4 it were, consumed by the fires which
were around him. He rose every moment
from his seat, paced to and fro, and
again sat abruptly down. He traversed
his apartment with hurried steps; his
sudden aud vehement gestures betrayed
apaiufuluneasiness; he quitted, resumed,
aud again as suddenly abandoned an ur
gent occupation, to hasten to the windows
and watch the progress of the flames.
Short and vehement exclamations burst
from his laboring bosom. ‘What a tre
mendous spectacle ! It is their own work!
So many palaces ! What extraordinary
resolution! What men! These are in
deed Scythians!’”
I —♦
University of Alabama.
The Trustees of the University of Ala
bama were in session during the recent
Commencement exercises. Present L.
C. Garland ; N. H. Browne, J. J. Ormond,
M. L. Stansel, Felix Tait, F. Bugbee,
Porter King, W. S. Mudd, W. H. Forney,
S. S. Scott and W. C. Mclver.
We are not fully informed as)to the action
of the Board but understand that the
Military department has been established,
and four gentlemen elected by the Mili
tary Staff. Capt. Husee, of West Point,
is to be principal commandant of the
Cadets, and Professor in Chemistry,
Minerology and Geology. Mr. Murphy,
a graduate of the Military Institute,
Virginia, Assistant Commandant, and
Professer of Pure Mathematics.
Adjutant, and to discharge the duties of
Professor as may be assigned him. Mr.
Law is also to occupy a subordinate po
sition in the Military Staff, and to dis
charge the duties of such department as
may be assigned him.
The Professorships of Greek and Latin
have been consolidated, and Professor
Wyman, is to be the Professor. Mr.
Vaughn is to be transferred to a tutorship
in the Ancient languages.— Observer.
Manufacture of Boots and Shoes by
Steam.
The Boston Traveler says the present
method of shoe manufacturing is rapidly
becoming old fashioned. There is a
steam shoe factory in Saxton’s River,
Vermont, owned by D. F. Murphy, Esq.,
where all the hand labor used about a
shoe is in lasting on the uppers. The
soles are cut, rolled, levelled, and then
shaped by machinery. They are blacked,
polished and pegged by machinery.—
They are also bound, stitched, punched
and sand-papered by machinery. The
establishment contains room for 400
hands, none of whom require any of the
old familiar tools or the shoe bench. —
The goods at present cost full as much
a3 those made by hand labor, but the
style and finish is far superior to hand
work. This advantage, besides the rap
idity with which the goods can be manu
factured, has made the experiment of an
entire departure from hand labor already
successful.
Georgia Western Rail Road.
The stockholders of this road held a
meeting in Atlanta on Tuesday. The
following gentlemen were elected Presi
dent and Directors :
For President—R. Peters, Esq.
For Directors—Hon. John P. King,
Col. T. L. Cooper, Dr. J. E. Logan, Dr.
J. N Simmons, E. E. llawson and Jas.
Ormond, Esqs.
Six thousand six hundred and eighty
four shares representing $668,400 was
the highest vote polled. $750,000 of
stock have been subscribed for, and as
soon as SBOO,OOO are subscribed, fifty
miles will be built.
Another Storui at Louisville.
Louisville, July 23.—There was a
tornado Sunday afternoon with hail and
rain, uprooting trees, driving boats from
their moorings and unroofing houses.
The Louisville Journal says the storm
occurred at night, and was limited in its
range but terrible in its effects. Numer
ous private residences and other build
ings were unroofed ; among others the
office of the Louisville Democrat, the
Douglas flag staff weathering the storm.
Several boats and barges were blown
across the river.
♦
The Fusion.
John Forsyth, Editor of the Mobile
Register, one of the ablest of the South
ern supporters of Douglas, in a recent
speech at Philadelphia, said:
If we do compromise, we cannot com
promise with the Breckinridge Faction or
the Black Republican party ; but there is
a Union party we can compromise with
and that is the Bell and Everett party.
They have the same object in view we
have —to preserve this Government, and
not allow it to be sacrificed to the pas
sions and ambition of misguided men.”
_
Judge Terry, who killed Mr. Brode
rick in a duel, has been acquitted, owing
to the absence of witnesses.