Newspaper Page Text
CQLUMBTJS
TUESDAY MORXIXG, SEIPT. 4.
. The steamer. Arizona arrived from
all with $1,300,000 treasure.
Fouf J> bales of new cotton classed
“Middling Fair have been sold at Sa
vannah for 40 cents.
On the 26th, $200,000 was realized
from the sale of pews in the new Jewish
Synagogue in Cincinnati.
It is understood that Mr. Seward,
not Raymond, is author of the Philadel
phia Convention address.
The trial of Alex. Redding in Macon
was postponed Thursday, owing to the
illness of Judge Whittle, lie refused
on that day to bail him.
The Tuskegec Baptist Association will
bold its session for 1306 with the Bap
tist church at Laplace, Alabama, begin
ning on Friday, 14th September.
“iCcsdculatioa in one of the Macon
journals estimates tbJt it will require
13,000,000 bushels of corn to supply the
deficiency in Georgia, the next season.
Col. Johnson, of Arkansas, whom the
Radicals refused to admit to his seat in
the present Congress, or even to the
floor of the House, has been elected to
the next Congress.
A special from Leavensworth says:
Information lias been received that over
80,000 Indians are on the war path.
They have driven all the settlers back,
and scalped seven whites.
A Washington letter says that the At
torney General has already engaged
competent phonographers to attend the
Davis trial early in October, to take
notes for the Government.
The Secretary of War has decided
that the pay of the privates and non
commissioned officers of the regular and
volunteer force shall be at the rates paid
since May 1, 1664, until further legisla
tion by Congress.
Tiie Mobile Advertiser says the body
of a Federal soldier has been digged up
near there completelly petrified. There
are many bold Federal soldiers living,
but this one is a boulder. He was a hero
of Limestone Ridge.
We learn that Senator Parsons and
Hon. C. C. Langdon are en route to
Michigan to stump the State in favor of
the President’s policy, while other dele
gates from the South, may follow the
example in other States.
Mr. C. of Mobile, has nego
tiated a loan to meet art the -wants of
the State of Alabama, and the amiable
and excellent Govdiifbr Patton is made
easy on the very vexed question of
finance which greeted liis accession to
office.
The New York Herald publishes a
list of fifty Northern Congressional dis
tricts where, at the first election, the
voles were close. Into these doubtful
Districts, the forces of lhe combination
will be thrown, for the great fight for
Congress. A
President Johnson does not seem to
know what to do with his bale of cot
ton, given him by the people of Mkcon,
Ga. Some of li is newspaper friends ad
vise him to send it to the World’s Ex
position, at Paris, where it will no
doubt attract a good deal of attention.
The following are the delegates ap
pointed to represent West Virginia in
the Philadelphia Convention of South
ern lunionists on the 3d of September :
Gov. (foreman, Senators Willey and
Van Winkle, Gens. Kelly, Harris, Du
val, Lightburn and Strother, (Porte
Crayon.)
It is now certain that the people of
North Carolina have rejected the amend
ments to their Constitution proposed by
their Convention at its last session.
Returns from all but twelve counties
show a majority for rejection of 1,262,
and the remaining counties are likely
to increase it.
Several of the Norfolk papers state
that they have authority for contradict
ing the statement, recently made by a
number of papers, that. Ihe property of
Brig. Gen. Henry A. Wise had been re
stored to him. They say, “by author
ity,” that the statement is without the
shadow of foundation.
In London, the general complaint is,
that although large amounts of gold
come into England from America and
Australia, none of it stays there, but all
goes to Paris. The latter city attracts
the precious metals from all portions of
the globe, and all nations seem at pres
ent to be her debtors.
Fenianism is still active in New
York. On Saturday, Mr. Stephens re
ceived a large number of the ladies of
the sisterhood at his headquarters,
when he told them them that their co
operation was not only desired but
needed. President Roberts denies hav
ing made charges against Gen. Sween
ey.
Gen. Butler made a speech at Glou
cester, Massachusetts, on Saturday. He
claimed that, by rebelling, the Southern
people had "forfeited their property,
their rights and their lives and, refer
ring to the New Orleans riot, said,'
“if this state of things can not be altered,
v.'e will march again, and woe he to
them who oppose us.”
The California State Central Com
mittee have requested Senators Conncss
and Cole and Representatives Mcßuler,'
Bidwell and Higgins and Frederick
Billings, Richard Cheney and Moses
Ellis, now at the East, to attend Jack
Hamilton’s Convention, and assure
that body of the hearty sympathy of
the Radicals of California.
The examination of Alex. Redding,
for the killing of Chas. Cherry, was
commenced in Macon, Wednesday. A
number of witnesses were examined.
The Court adjourned until Thursday.
Col. Weems is counsel for the prosecu
tion, Judge Lochrane for the defense.
The testimony so fir has been pretty
equallj’ divided as to the prisoner’s
guilt and innocence.
In consequence of the continued
drouth in Georgia, the prospects of the
cotton crop are gloomy. In the south
western part of the State, where the
yield formerly was one bale to two
keros, not more than one bale to ten
acres will be realized. Accounts from
Mississippi and Alabama represent the
cotton crop to be bad on account of the
drouth and ravages of the boll-worn.
The American Bible Society recently
met and recognized ten new auxiliaries,
one in each of the States of Connecticut,
Pennsylvania, Ohio, South Carolina
and Missouri, one in Alabama, one in
Georgia, and three in lowa. Grants of
books were made, amounting to 10,278
volumes. Five thousand dollars were
granted to tlie Synod of the Waldensian
Cuuretr aT-fStfrenee; for Bible work
among the soldiers of Italy.
The police force of Savannah, as at
present organized, consists of ninety
privates, ten supernumaries, nine offi
cers, and a detective corps of one officer
and six men, in all one hundred and
sixteen effectives, with full authority
under existing ordinance, for the Mayor
and Chief of Police to employ for any
emergency, should circumstances re
quire it, such additional number of su
pernumarjes as shall seem to them need
ful. , J. '
Bisnop Rutledge.— We regret to
learn, from the Tallahassee Sentinel,
that this distinguished divine is now
very ill in that city, with but little hope
of recovery. His disease is cancer in
tiie mouth.
Pardon Before Conviction.— I The
Montgomery Advertiser informs its
friends of legal fraternity, and all others
interested, that under the new Penal
Code, the authority of the Governor to
pardon, before conviction, expired on
the Ist day of June last.
Planter’s Convention. —Tiie An
susta Chronicle and Sentinel says: Del
egates attending the Planter’s Conven
tion at Macon, on the 15th of September,
will be passed free over tbe Georgia
Railroad and its branches on their re
turn to their respective homes. Other
roads will grant the same liberality.
Valuation of Property and State
Tax for Mobile County.— The total
valuation of real estate Mobile county
foots up $13,014,633. The valuation of
personal property is $4,358,585. The
total State tax in the above is assessed
at $52,650.45. Tbe collection of this
tax commences on the Ist day of Octo
ber.
“Roorbacks,” says tbe Boston Post,
will be prolific for a few months to come.
“Horrible Outrages at the South” will
be multiplied faster than “Revolutionry
Soldiers” were manufactured for polit
ical processions in 1840. The negroes
will be subjected to all sorts of cruel
ties in spite of the Bureau. They will
be mobbed —beaten—robbed—skinned
—roasted —killed— until the members of
the Fortieth Congress are elected ; then,
attention may_ be turned to crimes
North. Bonita ftueltiea —Radical elec
tioneering currency—pass just as well
counterfeit as genuine, and are' circula
ted with as little scruple and more zeal.
Rations fob September. The
Judges of Probate, in Alabama, says
the Montgomery Advertiser, will be
furnished for September, the same num
ber of rations that were issued during
the present month. We learn that Gen.
Swayne has directed that if the county
agents cannot apply hv the first, rations
will nevertheless be furnished from that
date.
This is the last, issue that will be made
by the Federal authorities. It is scarce
ly necessary to state that so long as the
present political troubles continue, the
State Treasury will be embarrassed, as
capitalists will not be greatly inclined
to negotiate for State bonds; on this
account tbe State authorities cannot
possibly supply tbe rations, which will
be withdrawn by the General Govern
ment.
Crops in the Canebrake. —Ravages
of ike Army Worm. —The Uniontown
Heipld ot Saturday last says, “the
ton prospects are gloomy iu the ex
treme. From all quarters complaints
come up of the ravages ot the boll -
jvorm, auff of that great enemy to the
cotton plant, the army worm. No
neighborhood—from Georgia to Texas
-®seWms exempt from these scourges;
and in localities the destruction wrought
by them is almost total.
“In the Canebrake, planters reduced
the estimates made on the first of Au
gust, twenty to forty per cent. The
frequent rains of the present week will
doubtless increase the number of boll
worms, whilst, some of the knowing
planters are hopeful they will check the
ravages of the army.”
Crop Reports from the South
west. —The cotton catterpillarissaidto
be busily at work on the Brazos and its
tributaries, and a letter dated the 18th
iust. expresses the opinion that not a
green leaf woulft he left in ten days.
In Hinds, Carrot 1, Madison, Claiborne
and Scott counts investigations show
three hundred and twenty three planta
tions, which in 1860 employed 7,624
hands on 84,311 acres, making 46,6-11
bales, there are this year 3,495 hands
planting 32,222 acres.
From other counties the reports are
not full.
On this basis the crop of 1866 would
be 400,000 bales in Mississippi, and
1,700,000 in the United States.
The crop is reported good in Pike,
Amite, Franklin and Marion, but much
devastated by worms in Warren county.
Wife Murderer. —On Sunday last
a negro man employed on the planta
tion of Mr. Thweatt Mitchell in Mont
gomery county, Alabama, asked per
mission to take bis wife to visit some
friends at the distance of a few miles.
Receiving permission the couple started.
In about an hour the negro returned
andlstated that his wife had been seized
with congestive chill, and asked for a
mule to bring her home on. He started
off with the mule and returned in a
shfrrt space of time saying that she was
dead. Mr. Mitchell then went -with a
friend to where the negro said the body
was and found the woman dead, with
bruises, as from fingers, on her throat,
and her neck tsvisted and broken. The
negro was instantly arrested, and taken
before a magistrate by whom he was
committed to jail to answer the charge
of murder at the next City Court.
Assault on a Memphis Editor.—
In Memphis on last Saturday morning,
a man named Wood, Assistant United i
States Assessor, who had been the ob- |
ject of severe criticisms by the Ava- i
lanche, caught Col. Gallaw.ay, editor
of the paper, in his office and desired a 1
conference. Col. Gallaway was en- i
gaged at the time with a committee,and i
asked Wood to call at another time,!
whereupon Ihc latter applied insulting i
epithets, which caused Gallaway to'
strike him. Wood then shot him in j
the hand with a gun cane. The wound
was painful but not serious. Wood ran
and was pursued and arrested. There
was great excitement on the street dur- j
ing the race, and at one time it was
thought that Wood would he dealt with
summarily. As soon as Wood was
caught Gen. Forrest interfered and pre
vented further demonstrations. Wood
was lodged in the station house.
Cotton Around Union Springs.—
A ride of ton miles in the prairies, says
the Union Springs Times of Wednes
day,among some of the best plantations
in this part of the country, convinced
us their complaints are well founded.
Within the last ten days, that formida
ble enemy of cotton, the rust, lias made
its appearance and has spread with great
rapidity over the plantations, in many
cases completely stripping the weed of
leaves, tender leaves and small bolls.
The recent continuous rains have been
very favourable to the boll worm, and
if the cloudy, showery weather contin
ues a few days longef, the damage to
the crop will be ruinous. Between
these evils, the crop, which was already
short, will he greatly curtailed. The
rust is not confined to the prairies, but
is spreading over the sandy land also.
By far the larger portion of the crop is
backward, in consequence of the late
planting. The rust and boll worm at
tacking it six weeks before the end of
tbe growing season, will curtail it very
considerably. The estimate for this
section must be still further reduced,
The Ancasta CouMtitutlonnllst mid
the Columbus Meeting'.
The ratification meeting held in our
city during the past week, seems to
have, addod' to the nervous irritability
which has afflicted the Augusta “Con
stitutionalist” since the publication of
the can for a National Cornfcuiion at
Philadelphia. As the evidence arcumu -
lates of the almost unanimous accep
tance of the proceedings of tYiat Con
vention by the people of the South, aipl
the united opposition to them of the
Radical element of the North, the tone
of the Constitutionalist becomes more
querulous, and its assaults upon a po
litical movement more feeble aud un
wise. The following extract which we
reproduce from its columns contains its
latest attempt to render odious every
thing connected with the Philadelphia
Convention, aud is a fair specimen oi
the ridiculous conclusion to which an
obstinate persistence in a unrcusom.bii;
course will inevitably lead :
‘•We the People of l
[The Three Tailors, A Play.
u At a large meeting of the people of
Muscogee county ,” Hon. A. 11. Chap
pell, Ex-Piov. Gov. James Johnson,
Maj. Wiley Williams, Hon. M. J. Craw
ford, John Peabody, R. L. Mott, It. B.
Murdock and A. R. Lamar, Esqrs., and
—presumably—the uu-named ruuk and
file, making up the “ large meeting
ratified “the action” of the Philadel
phia Convention and “endorsed the
declaration of principles put forth by
it.”
We have only regret that so staunch
and respectable a sheet as the “Consti
tutionalist,” which in the political con
tests of the past, has been wont to nse
nothing but the heaviest artillery,
should have had its armory despoiled
of every weapon ot offence and defence
•save a “pop gun.”
We surmise the truth of the whole
matter to be about this. The present edi
tor of that journal belongs to that class,
who feeling that they were not fairly
beaten in the late strife, cannot fully
appreciate the fact that the people of
the South have recognized and accepted
the conclusion that as a community they
were conquered. Believing this to be
so we have not been surprised at the
ebullitions of indignation that have
appeared in the “Constitutionalist”
upon the slightest suspicion that the
South in order to be restored to political
equality, would he compelled to abase
herself. The feeling is worthy of any
one who understood and espoused
the Southern side in the late war, and
commends itself to our sympathy and
respect. Consequently we have hereto
fore restrained from comment when we
really thought the “Constitutionalist”
did not fairly represent the public sen
timent of the State. From the eminent
success with which that paper has hith
erto been conducted we naturally sup
posed that its proprietors with a proper
view to their own interests, and the ed
ification of their patrons and readers
would at the right time interfere to
stop a performance which was fast de
stroying the prestige and influence of
their valuable journal.
We are sorry to confess that in this
we have been disappointed. We have
only to say further, that the attempt of
the ‘Constitutionalist’ to throw by flings
and insinuations discredit upon the
meeting recently held in this place, will
prove as abortive as its endeavors to [(re
vent Southern representation at Phila
delphia. The meeting here was a large
one. In point of intelligence and worth
of the men comprising it it was by far
the most respectable assembly of the
kind which has been convened here
within our knowledge. From what we
can gather, and our opportunities are'
quite as good as those of the “Constitu
tionalist,” the resolutions adopted by
the meeting represent the political sen
timents of thk-people of this section of
the State. The editor of the Constitu
tionalist” may not have been in the
State long enough to be fully acquainted
with all of its public men, and for bis
benefit we may say that there were men
in the meeting in Columbus, the con
clusions of whose judgments upon po
litical questions would have more weight
with the entire people of Georgia than
the very able and distinguished paper,
over which he has the honor to preside.
The Krutiii'lsy Election.
Forty thousand Democratic majority
in the State of Kentucky is by far the
most cheering indication of that reac
tion in popular sentiment, upon which
the restoration of the Government de
pends, that has yet afforded subject for
joy and congratulation. After the most
thorough and exciting canvass known
in that State, the largest vote ever poll
ed has been recorded, and the power
which has been unjustly held and un
justly used by a small faction has de
parted from it forever.
The result is an unequivocal endorse
ment of the policy of the President, for
that was the only general issue made in
the canvass. The immense vote is due
partly to the exertions of the various
candidates for county offices, and part
ly to the absence of Federal bayonets.
It was the first occasion since the com
mencement of the late war, that the peo
ple of Kentucky have had an opportuni
ty to express their political sentiments
through their ballots. All elections
held in the State during the war were
farces and mockeries.
Every voting place was closely guard
ed by United States soldiers, and no
one was permitted to exercise the right of
suffrage save those who were known to
endorse and support the policy of the
Government in the prosecution of the
the war.
In this way it was made to appear
that a majority of the people of Ken
tucky favoured the war itself and the
manner of its prosecution. A timid
governor and a faithless Legislature
held tlieState inactive under the specious
plea of neutrality, until the Federal
Government had rendered the people
incompetent to fulfill the pledge, that the
armies of neither of the parties to the
conflict should invade the soil of their
State.
The people have at length spoken in
thunder tones their just indignation at
the infamous fraud and swindle perpe
trated upon them, and in the late vote
ot Kentucky the Southern Slates may
find an endorsement of those principles
of government which they took up
arms to secure and perpetuate. The
vote itself is scarcely a fair criterion of
the real strength and support of the
President in the State To the forty
thousand majority given for Duvall
must be added a large number of War
Democratic votes which were polled
for Hobson by men who support and
endorse Mr. Johnson, and are emphatic
anu uncompromising in their hostility
to radicalism. Wliat has been done in
Kentucky can be done in other States.
Now that military interference with
popular elections is clone away with,
the Northwestern States may he en
abled to throw off the yoke of radical
rule, under which they have toiled and
groaned for four long years. The abso
lute and imperative necessity for their
doing so, is aptly illustrated in the
growth of radicalism in Kentucky.
Under the fostering care oi bayonets
and martial law, a party which, at the
beginning of the revolution, could not
muster a corporal’s guard, at the iate
election polled a vote of nearly twenty
thousand.
Forty thousand majority in on e
State for Constitutional Government,
is an omen of success in the coming
contest, which must strengthen the
arms and nerve the hearts of the Cor.
! servatives everywhere at the North.
For the Sun an<l Times.
lullisereet Expressions-True l’osi
silioii ami Feeling of the South.
With nations as well ah .individual*,
it should ever be.a matter of cautious
regard, lest from excessive, eagerness
for the accomplishment of certain ends
they divest themselves of the means of
future justification.. My thoughts have
been particularly diluted to this theme,
Messrs Editors, by the reading of some
ivmai 1 able admissionfrand expressions,
fhai have recently fallen from the Jijs
ofd ourhern men. Not content with ac
knowledging the' force of necessity and
a peaceful acquiescence in results, thq
go further, and seek to put themselves
(and assume to be spokesmen in lot
ting us all) in the condition of peni
tents.
The cardinal principle upon whieh-i
the Government of the United States
warred upon, and finally overthrew the
Confederacy, was that the Uniou
indestructible, consequently we have a
right to demand that the Government
shall not be inconsistent with itself, but
in its every department should admit
us to those privileges which but prove
its indestructibility. Shall we, howev
er, in our overweaniug anxiety to ex
ercise those privileges and merely t>
subserve political ends, go before the j
world with “ peccavi ” stamped uponjjH
brows, though feeling in ouf~"
hearts theJjustness of our cause? We
give as an instance of the highly ob
jectionable matter to which we refer, a
sentence or two from some remarks of
Mr. Goodwin, of Alabama, in an im
promptu meeting during the sitting of
the Philadelphia Convention. He said,
“Now he and the South generally -saw
their error , and came back and ashed to
be forgiven! ! There was a good*4-1
Methodist hymn which said,
“For while the lamp holds out to burn
The vilest sinner may return.”
Now we say if Mr. Goodwin “sees
his error,” desires “to come hack and
asks to be forgiven,” and as a “sinner”
to return, no one certainly has a n%ht
to object to his most public announce
ment of the fact; but we are very de
cidedly of the opinion that the “South
generally” repudiates in every particu
lar the style of return submitted by
him. The South sees no error—asks no
forgiveness —has committed no sin , and
would stultify herself in making such
confessions. The terrible conflict from
which she has so lately emerged re
sulted in her overthrow—not that her
cause lacked justice in itself, or vigor
and devotion in its maintenance—but
simply from the fact that she encoun
tered an amount of physical power so
many times greater than she was able
to meet, and an amount of fiendish bru
tality so much more than she was willing
to put forth, that the mere law ot re
sults decreed that she should fail.
There certainly can exist no necessi
ty, palliation or excuse for misappre
hending or misrepresenting the position
of our people. They endorse in the
main the action of the Philadelphia
Convention —that is, iu good faith they
accept the situation—they admit the
fact of the violent overthrow of slavery,
and disclaim the purpose or desire to
attempt its re-establishment —they do
not admit that it, was rightfully or legal
ly doue.
Furthermore they pledge themselves
to sustain the policy of the GoAfnment
that no State or number of jtmos shall
,be allowed to exercfsA t,b~ of se
cession—they do not, as wws said by
Mr. Orr, surrender their principle, for
the strength of that language implies
that they were wrong in the beginning.
As to the resolution which substantially
declares that the soldiers and sailors
who put down the “rebellion” deserve
the thanks of the nation, of course, no
Northern man can have the effrontery
to regard our people as subscribing—for
by necessary implication the soldiers
and sailors who sustained the “rebel
lion” would deserve our execration.
Do we thank those who wrought our
ruin ? Do we censure those who braved
all, and bore all, to secure for us a
“habitation and a name ?” Perish the
thought! As to the latter we will ever
feel that having “tried their adoption”
we should “grapple them to our souls
with hooks of steel”—should teach our
i children, from lisping infancy to settled
| manhood, that they are
“True and honorable.
As dear to us as the ruddy drops that visit our
I hearts.”
Again, Messrs. Editors, it is becoming
an expression of too much frequency
; among us that such a circumstance
transpired “during the rebellion,”
though evidently, in most instances,
without design and through a sort of
involuntary deference, to official style.
We claim that it was not a rebellion,
, but rightful secession, the failure of
which proved nothing except the su
! periority of one physical force to
another. All, therefore, would do well
to remember that they commit an act of
folly to “confess judgment” when they
have a meritorious and sufficient de
fense, yet many protest such excessive
loyalty and encourage a posture so abject
as to make us feel, as memory reverts
to the days of the Confederacy, that
“Alas for our country ! —her pride is gone by,
And that spirit is broken that never would
bend,
O’er the ruin her children in secret must sigh,
For ’tis treason to love her and death to defend .”
It is not the attempt of this article to
make the “worse appear the better
reason.” No bias of birth or section
should be allowed to warp the exposi
tion of a principle, or discolor the nar
ration of a fact. Wherever the South
has adhered to principle in theory and
compromised her rights in practice, her
future historians will impartially note
it. Whenever she shall have assumed
untenable positions and made unreason
able demands,
“Nothing will be extenuated
And nought set down in maiice.”
All that she can or ought to expect
before the world’s tribunal is, that with
I confidence and assurance she be allow
ed to say, not as Theinistocles, “ strike
but hear me,” but with independence
and dignity, Hear me—be deliberate in
your judgment, cast aside the preju
dices of education, then, if guilt)’-
strike ; hut if innocent—forbear.
F .
There are seventy-five patients in the
Insane Hospital in Tuscaloosa, Ala. Dr.
Brice and a corps of assistants have
charge. By an ordinance of the Con
vention Gov. Patton has appropriated a
sum of money quite sufficient to relieve
all the necessities of the Institution and
make it a permanent success. The Ad
vertiser says, by the law persons who
are unable to pay their own expenses,
will have three-fourths defrayed by the
county from which they go ; the remain
ing one-fourth will be paid out of the
State Treasury.
The Deaf and Dumb Hospital at Tal
ladega, under the supervision of Dr. J.
H. Johnson, will be opened for the re
ception of patients on the Ist of October,
To the 'People of Alabama.
/Joseph Hod sou has been appointed
shite Agent ®f Alabama for the Paris
Universal Exposition. He appeals to
tiie people of Alabama to send their
contributions to him at Montgomery,
that through , the proper channels they
may he sent to Europe , and the people
he made acquainted with the valuable
resources of die State. We copy from
his address issued at Montgomery on
the 24th :
The State of Alabama is riel!in latent
wealth. Extern sivy beds of iron ore
aiud bituaftnou? coal traverse the central
adjacent, to navigable streams
[wl railways. Galena and manganese
fojmd in the limestone regions of the
valley of Tennessee. Black and varie
gated marbles, susceptible of the highest
polish, occur intlie hills which overlook
the Cahaba and Warrior rivers. Gran
ite, superior for building purposes, and
table for statuary, are placed by the
land of' nature immediately upon those
yreams n#st adapted Jo manufactories.
These and other mineral resources, of
themselves, if properly represented by
various specimens, accompanied with a
Irorrect description of the localities and
Surroundings at which they are discov
ered, cannot fail to attract the attention
of the Scientific Commission, whose
duty it will be to examine and report
minutely upon all specimens from the
United States.
The world is acquainted with the re-
of the cotton fields of Alabama,
our State has heretofore supplied
nearly one-fourth of the entire amount
of that staple which has been exported
from America. Now that her system
of labor is in a transition state, greatly
paralyzed, and promising still greater
decay, it becomes necessary to develope
her mineral wealth, and realize from the
factory and the furnace what she has
lost from her fields. The development
and formation of anew arena for enter
prise, will help us over the transition
•period of agricultural labor, and in the
lend vitalize every branch of commerce
and husbandry. While political force
emancipates the enslaved race, physical
science enslaves the elements and
forces of nature, aud emancipates man
kind.
In addition to her vast veins of min
eral me, Alabama is rich in texible ma
tviitils, in chemical and pharmaceutical
products, and in ornamental plants.
It is not to be expected that our peo
ple, in the present condition of affairs,
will attempt to compete with the rest of
the world in producing new and useful
inventions, combinations or fabrics;
although inventions in arms aud mate
rials of war, due to the genius of arti
sans and mechanics during the late war,
attracted the attention and imitation of
the most scientific men of the world.
Our mechanics are second to those of no
nation iu genius; but, unfortunately,
they lack opportunity at present to de
velope and perfect their skill.
The benefits which we may hope to
receive from being represented at the
Paris Exposition, will probably be prin
cipally confined to attracting tbe atten
tion ot capital, science, skill and labor,
towards the development of our mineral
field and the resuscitation of our cotton
fields.
It is nqt expected, however, that con
tributions will be confined to these
prominent features, but that every arti
cle will be furnished which can add to
the convenience and comfort of man
kind.
It may be asked, why take all this
trouble for a French Exposition ? The
answer is a simple one. The audience
in Paris will be the largest, and the
umpires the best, iu tbe world. Who
ever carries off the award is the cham
pion of the world. It will be the grand
officina gentium, the work-shop and the
Exchange of Nations—where capitalists
from every part of the civilized globe
can examine the specimens before them
and determine upon the most desirable
sections of the country for investment.
It is worth while to enter upon a field
of this magnitude. By sending specimens
to Paris, we shall ascertain how much
they are worth without cost to our
selves !
Gold was discovered in Australia, and
anew continent developed in the orien
tal ocean, by means of geological speci
mens which were brought to England.
Sir R. Murchison happened to see them
and said at once, “ where these occur,
you will find gold.”
It may be remembered that the speei-
Uheus of iron and coal ore from the
Pennsylvania n;iues, at the World’-a.
v’air at London, went far towards in
ducing that influx of foreign capital
which now controls, by means of the
coal mines, the steam-shipping of the
Westean Atlantic coast.
Baron Von Humboldt saw the sand
of Liberia, and told the owner of the
property to search for diamonds! It
was done, and the first one found was
sent to Humboldt. Many have since
been found there.
A little red chrystai was sent to
France some years ago, and proved to
contain chromium. Afterwards the
same metal was found near Baltimore,
and we now use thousands of pounds of
it for printing our bank notes.
At the Paris Exposition of 1855, a
substance in one of the cases, labeled
“Pariffinc ,” attracted much attention.
People asked, “what is it?” That
substance now gives light in candles—
is used on our matches—is a help in
photography, and has many other ap
plications.
In view, therefore, of llie importance
of having our resources well represent
ed at Paris, I would respectfully ask the
people of Alabama to furnish me speci
mens of every variety of mineral, chem
ical, agricultural and mauufactural
specimens which the State can afford.
Send specimens by Freight or Ex
press cars, to Joseph Hodgson, State
Agent, Montgomery, Ala.
Attach to each specimen a history and
description of it, and the locality in
which it was found.
In sending mineral specimens it
would be well for proprietors of mineral
lands, and persons engaged in mining,
to select the most perfect specimens,
and have them prepared in such a way
as to attract special attention.
In selecting specimens of cotton, it
would be well for Chambers of Com
merce, or County Courts, to select from
each neighborhood or county, diminu
tive bales of the best cotton grown in
the county or neighborhood.
In sending mineral waters, send them
iu vials properly labeled, with analysis,
and description of geological surround
ings.
Forward all specimens to the State
Agent before the 15th day of Novem
ber, 1866. No attention will be paid to
contributions made after that date.
Generals Lee and Johnston.—
The Richmond Dispatch, commenting
upon the opposition of Southern men
to the Philadelphia Convention plat
form, says that it meets the approval
and will receive the cordial support of
Generals Robert E. Lee and Joseph E.
Johnston, together with many other
men who bravely defended their coun
try, and proved their faith by periling
their lives in a hundred battles. But,
then, says the same paper, these are
very unimportant persons, very “small
potatoes,” compared with the high met
tled editors, whose indignant virtues
prompt, to the duty of repudiation of
the platform!
The Georgia Cotton Ckop.—A late
letter from Macon, Georgia, says the
Petersburg Express, gives us most en
couraging accounts of the cotton crop
in Georgia, and from 150,000, to 300,000
bales, we are assured, may be relied
upon. This crop, at the lowest esti
mate of 250,000 bales, would yield mon
ey, at 30 cents a pound, the handsome
total of $33,750,000. Several new cot
ton factories are in process of erection
in Georgia, and elsewhere at the South,
and English capitalists, it is said, are
negotiating for the purpose of cotton
lands on a large scale. They may now
be purchased in large blocks and ex
cellent quality, at $25 an acre.
University of Georgia.— There are
more than a hundred students now at
tending College. The School of Engi
neers is open and under the temporary
charge of Dr. Lipscomb, Prof. Ruther
ford and Charbonnier, who will conduct
it until Gen. Lee arrives.
The Southern Relegates In Philartel
pliin. '»
As special pains are taken to create
the.impression that the assent of the
Southern delegatesto those parts of the
Declaration of Principles touching slav
ery, the National debt and the Federal
soldiers was forced and insincere, it
may Be well enough to state one or two
facts concerning their action which will
show Jiow untrue and unjust .such an
impression would be.
The Committee on Address and Res
olutions Avas very large—consisting of
two from each State and Territory. On
organizing, a sub-committee of thirteen
Avas appointed, to which the subject of
resolutions AA’as referred, and upon this
Committee were placed some of the
strongest men of the South—Hon. W,
A. Graham, of North Carolina, Gov.
Perry, of South Carolina, Judge Yeager,
of Mississippi, Gov. Parsons, of Ala
bama, and others. The declaration on
slavery, as first draAvn, simply stated
that “Slavery is abolished and forever
prohibited upon the soil and within the
jurisdiction of the United States.” The
clause “there is neither purpose nor de
sire on the part of the Southern States
that it should ever be re-established,”
was inserted at the instance of Judge
Yeager, and with the prompt and unan
mous jfs&rnt of all the Southern dele
gates. This most important declaration,
therefore, Avas wholly voluntary on the
part of the South, and indicates beyond
, all doubt their settled and sincere pur
pose.
On the subject of the National Debt
the assent of the Southern delegates
were equally prompt and cordial. They
repelled in the strongest terms ail
thought, purpose or wish of repudiating
the debt or avoiding their full share of
Avhatever burdens it may involve. They
unanimously insisted that any insinua
tion of willingness on the part of the
South to meet this responsibility" \va.-:
an imputation upon tlieir honor, and
would be so regarded, and they Avere
perfectly willing that a declaration to
this effect should be inserted in the res
olution if it would prove of the slightest
service. They repudiated Avith equal
emphasis all idea of the assumption of
their oavYi debt, —saying no man at the
South, except possibly" some holder of
Confederate bonds, ever dreamed of
such a thing or desired it. Their decla
rations on this subject Avere explicit,
emphatic and unanimous.
In regard to recognizing the services
of the Federal soldiers, they said they
expected the Government which had
been maintained by them Avould do
them justice. They believed this to be
simply its duty, and they should co
operate and assist in performing it.
They expressed the hope that it Avould
not be deemed necessary" to compli
ment the courage, devotion, or other
soldierly" qualities of Northern men at
the expense of the Southern, because
on this point they felt bound to insist
upon the merits of their own troops.
But this was a matter of feeling merely,
and would not interfere with their vo
ting to render full justice to the United
States troops by paying their dues and
pensioning their widows and orphans.
They paid the highest compliments to
them, and said they" deserved the most
generous treatment from the Govern
ment they had served. And the reso
lutions on this subject was adopted in
committee just as unanimously as oth
ers.
The action of the Southern Delegates
in the Committee as well as in the Con
vention, Avas thoroughly" patriotic and
public spirited. They evinced the most
perfect devotion to the Union—declar
ing that it was uoav their Government
as much as ours, and the only" National
Government they knew, and that the
only rivalry between the North and
South hereafter should be as to Avbich
should do most for its honor, its welfare
and its perpetuity. —New York 'Time?.
Spec*.is of Gen. l-'orrcst and Stone
man.
At the grand mass meeting held in
Memphis on the 25th to ratify the Ph ila
delphia Convention, Gen. Forrest, avlio
presided over the assembly" said :
I have carefully read and considered
the address and the principles of public
policy and constitutional laAv therein
contained, arid without regard to the
language in Avhich they stand expressed,
they" meet my full, unreserved and cor
dial approval. When I pledged my word
and my honor to the lost cause of the
late Confederacy, I suppose that no one
who knew me ever doubted the honesty
_aod good faith with Avhich they Avould
be redeemed ; and Avhen I now accept
the results of the Avar as irrevocable, as
I haA'e accepted them, and pledged my"
word and my faith to the support ofthe
great principles declared to the world
by" the Philadelphia Convention, as I
now do, that A"o\v and that faith shall be
equally sacred and uncbangable.
There is one thing T will say in re
gard to the soldiers of the North and
South, the men who haA r e met each
other in the stern shock of battle, and a
conflict of arms that tried their courage
and tlieir souls ; if these grave matters
were referred to them, these States
could be instantly restored to tlieir for
mer relations ; their people to the right
of representation in Congress, and all
sections of the Union to quietude and
friendship.
And as to the last resolution proposed
by the committee, endorsing the patri
otic effort of the President of the
United States to secure to the Southern
States equality of rights in the Union,
it meets my cordial approbation. I
have reason to believe that I have been
misrepresented to the Chief Magistrate,
and slandered by calumniators, public
ly and privately", in regard to my beha
vior as one of the commanders of a por
tion of the army of the late Confederate
States ; but while I shall rest my vindi
cations against these calumnies upon
the testimony" of the thousands of brave
men who follovced me in that bloody
struggle, whatever the President may
think of me, it is a duty I owe to my
own sense of justice and patriotism to
endorse his policy for the immediate
restoration of the States; to stand by
him in his arduous endeavors for the
preservation of the constitutional rights
of the Southern States and people, and
express to the world my admiration of
his generosity" and the dignity of his
conduct. And as to my future policy,
I refer you to my past history since the
surrender of my' command at Gaines
ville, Ala., on the 9th day of May, 1805,
and to my address to my soldiers on
that occasion.
The following is the speech of Gen
eral Stoneman, the commander of the
District:
Triends and Fellow Countrymen :
You have before you, not a partizan or
politician, but a simple citizen of the
Government of the United States, know
ing no North, no South, no East, no
West. The war in which the people of
this greatest of all great countries has
been engaged during the past eventful
years is ended, the issues upon which
this war was based have been settled.
If there is anything to forgive, let it be
forgiven; if there is anything to be
forgot, let it be forgotten. Let us all
recollect that we have but one country
and one flag.
The object for which you are all as
sembled together here to-night, is, as l
understand it, reconstruction and re
union ; but let us all remember that re
construction must be based upon recon
ciliation. You may force a separated
man and wife to live in the same house,
lodge in the same room, but they will
never he reunited as man and wife un
til they ha ve first become reconciled.
1 say the war is ended. As we were
enemies in war, lotus lie again friends,
and in this sentiment I know that no
one will join me more heartily than the
gallant, and distinguished President of
this assembly.
The bravery that was displayed during
the past by each one engaged in the
war, let it be the pride and common
property of all. Wo soldiers who did
the fighting are reconciled and want
peace and harmony, and we call upon
you editors and orators of the land to
aid us with your pens and tongues.
Preachers of the gospel whose solemn
obligation it is to preach peace and
good will, we ask your prayers and in
vocations, and from you politicians we
demand that you shall cease your
wrangling and allow the good work to
go on until your object is attained.
And yon, fair maidens and noble
matrons, who, during the fighting,
cheered us with your smiles and fright
ened us with your frowns, lend us the
potency of your power in the accom
plishment of a work so laudable and so
noble.
As I am not an applicant for your
suffrages, nor ever expect to be, nor
ever cast a vote for President in my
life, you will not expect me to define
my position ; but Jhis much.will I say :
I have been a member of a club for near
a quarter of a century, and which Avas
organized three-quarters of a century
ago. By the Constitution of that "club,
its President is elected every four years.
Its first President Avas George Wash
ington ; its present President is Andrew
Johnson, Avhom the people- call “our
•Andy.”
State Elections.—We have been
requested to furnish a list of the States
Where elections are to be held be
fore the meeting of Congress, in De
cember next. We present tbe list,
sliOAving the time at Avbich the elections
take place in the several Spates. * A
glance, therefore, at the list belmv t will
furnislithe information desired:
New Hampshire—First Tuesday in
March.
Connecticut—First Monday in March.
Rhode Island—First Wednesday in
April.
Virginia—Fourth Thursday in May".
Oregon—First Monday in August.
Alabama—First Monday in August.
Arkansas —First Monday in August.
Kentucky—First Monday in August.
Texas—First Monday in August.
North Carolina —Second Thursday in
; August.
Vermont —First Tuesday in Septem
ber.
Maine—Second Monday in Septem
; ber.
Florida—First Monday in August.
Misssisippi— First Monday in August.
Georgia—First Wednesday in Octo
| ber.
Indiana—First Tuesday in October
ToAva—’First, Tuesday in October.
Pennsylvania—First Tuesday in Oc
tober.
West Virginia—Fourth Tuesday in j
October.
Louisiana—First Monday in Novel a- \
ber.
Delaware—First Tuesday" in Novem
ber.
Illinois—First Tuesday in November.
Kansas—First Tuesday in November. ;
Maryland—First Tuesday in Novem
ber.
Massachusetts —First Tuesday in No
vember.
Michigan—First Tuesday in Novem
ber.
Minnesota—-First Tuesday in NoA'em
ber.
Missouri—First Tuesday in Novem
ber.
•Nevada —First Tuesday in Novem
ber.
N. Jersey—First Tuesday, in Novem
ber.
New York—First Tuesday in Novem
ber.
Wisconsin - First Tuesday in Novem
ber.
Colorado—Second Tuesday in No
vember.
South Carolina —Fourth Monday" in
November.
There are no other State elections
held in the Months of January, Februa
ary r , July and December.
The Last Dispatches. —The last
telegram of the President in reference
to the New Orleans riot, published yes
terday", ought to have been dated the
4tli instea dos the 24th of August. The
folloAving is the ans Aver to Sheridan :
Wax Department, Washington
City. Aug. 7, 1866.—T0 Major General
P. 11. Sheridan, Commanding, &c.,
New Orleans, La : The President di
rects me to acknowledge your telegram
of the sixth (6th,) in ans Aver to his in
quiries ofthe fourth (4tli) iust. On the
third (3d) inst. instructions Avere sent
you, by Gen. Grant, in conformity" to
the President’s directions, authorizing
3 r ou to “continue to enforce martial law
so far as might be necessary to preserve
the public peace, and ordering y r ou not.
to allow any ofthe civil! authorities to
act if you deem such action dangerous
to the public safety, and also that no
time be lost in investigating the causes
that led to the riot and the facts which
occurred.” By these instructions the
President, designed to rent in you, as
the chief military commander, full au
thority" for the maintenance ofthe pub
lic peace and safety", and be does not
see that anything more is needed pend
ing the investigation with which you
are entrusted. But if in your judgment
your powers are inadequate to preserve
the peace until the facts connected Avith
the riot are ascertained, you Avill please
report to this Department for the infor
mation of the President. t
(Signed) Edwin M. Stanton,
Secretary of War.
In answer to the President, Albert
Voorltees, Lieut. Governor of Louisiana,
telegraphed on the 2d, that the civil au
thorities were not conferred with by
Gen. Baird as to the propriety of de
claring martial law. Civil authorities
could enforce the law and preserve or
der with the aid of the military. Mar
tial law wholly unnecessary. Order
fully restored before arrival of troops.
The rioting was almost entirely con
fined to immediate vicinity of Mechan
ics’ Institute, suppressed by police in
less than two hours, and before arrival
of troops.
Rc|»»rt of tile. ScwOrlenns Itiols.
New York, -Aug. 28.—A Times’
New Orleans special says:
The commissioners appointed by Gen.
Baird to investigate the late riot have
completed llicir labors: Their report
will show that the first shot was fired
from a revolver in the hands of a white
man at the procession of freedmen.
Twenty minutes then expired before
any further disturbance took place.
When the procession reached the place
where the convention was in session,
the police interfered with it, and fired
upon the freedmen, who returned the
fire. A mob of citizens joined the po
lice and the massacre commenced. It
also shows that several policemen hid
their badges so as not to be recognized.
After entering the ball they disregard
ed the white flag, and fired indiscrimi
nately upon the unarmed members of
the convention and the spectators.
Some of the citizens wore badges indi
cating an organization. Those in the
room, then, with chairs, etc., drove the
police and attacking party out, and bar
ricaded t lie doors. After the barricade
was established, not a single person in
the building escaped unhurt, and about
thirty were murdered; and yet, credit is
given to the police for saving the fives
of all who were in the building and are
not dead. The force is found guilty of
nearly all the murders that were com
mitted. The evidence shows that the
policemen killed freedmen when they
could have arrested them without trou
ble, and that wounded negroes were !
thrown in a cart, and killed while strue- '
gling to free themselves from the dead
bodies which had been placed on top of
them. The Commission will report
that the riot was caused by bitter feel
ings on the part of the residents and po
lice toward the Radical Unionists and
freedmen. They will also probably re- .
port it was preconcerted inasmuch as it
in evidence was talked of previously for
several days. It is the opinion ot tlie
commission if tiie military had not ap
peared at the time it did, the riot would
have progressed to the extermination of
the Unionists and freedmen in the city.
The'city press are attacking Gen. Sher
idan for what he reported in his official
dispatches.
Georgia Officersßuiued at John
son’s Island. —Mr. Jas. P. Carr has
furnished to the Constitutionalist the
following list of Georgia officers buried
at Johnson's Island, who were members
of the Masonic fraternity. Further in
formation in regard to prisoners at that
post can be furnished only by General
Hoffman, Commissary General of l’tis
oners, Washington, D.C., till the records
having been sen Ito him. The eeme
tery of prisoners is in good condition :
C. W. Tuggle, Captain Company 11,
35tli Ga. Infantry, died Nov. 7th, iB6O,
aged 30.
J. Middlebrouk, Captain 10th Ga. In
fantry, died Jan. 7th, 1864.
F. B. Dawson, 3d Lieut. 17th Ga. In
fantry, died Dec. 33d, 1863, aged 29.
John F. MeElroy, Lieut. Cos. F, 24th
Ga. Infantry, died Oct. 26th, 1803.
R. P. Balling, Lieut. Cos. If, 6th Ga.
Cavalry, died March 3d, 1864, aged 26.
The United States Laws. —The
codification of the laws of the United
States, as provided for by an act of
Congress at the late session, will be
commenced on the Ist September next.
The gentlemen to whom the work has
been comiTuitted by the Secretary of the
Interior are : Gen. Caleb Cushing, of
Massachusetts; Judge Johnson, of Cali
fornia, and R. J. Meigs, Esq.
A<l<lrcnw of the Work liiumcii-Reply
of the President.
Washington, Aug. 25.
The delegates from the Workingmen’s
Convention, selected to Arait upon the
President, Avere received by him at
three o’clock this afternoon. After
thanking him for their reception, their
Chairman said : “It, has been represent
ed that our Convention is for the forma
tion of anew political party. This is pot
the case ; but it is a Convention fornfed
for the purpose of discussing those re-j
forms that avu think necessary and due ,
to the laboring community. We are,
especially interested in the reduction of
the hours of labor. That is the corner
stone of our movement.”
The desire to bring about a reduction
ofthe present hours to eight hours, and
to have understood that eight hours is
hereafter the measure of a day’s Avork,
legally and by custom. We want to be
understood as ignoring all political par
tizanship or issues. We appear before
you as laborers for the purpose of pre
senting our claims to your favorable
•consideration and sanction our move
ment by your immediate appropriate
application, as far as all the labor in the
naval and other Government Avorks is
concerned, and imitate the example of
President Van Buren Avhen approached
by the employees of the Government
Avitli a similar request. The request
then made was a reduction to ten hours
per day. This he did order by r procla
mation, and it, was immediately follow
ed all over tbe country", and the custom
made it 1-iav.
We believe the time has come for a
still further reduction. We have ad
vanced sufficiently' in improvements,
mechanical and otherwise, to render
this feasible, and avc believe that avc
should, by the benefits arising from
these improvements become better citi
zens, by having time for intellectual
health if not called upon to Avork so
hard and for : neb long prolonged hours.
We desire to call your attention also, to
to the disposition of the public lands.
We think there has been permitted too
great an accumulation of them in the
hands of the speculators, and too much
gh r en over to corporate companies for
the purpose of encouraging the forma
tion of railroads. We think this has
acted badly for the agriculturist, and
that if they Avere given to settlers and
others and not permitted to accumulate
in the hands of the few, they would be
cultivated, when now they lie unpro
dnetive. It is now hard work for a set
tler to makes it profitable to settle, by
reason that all the choicest portions of
the lands are being held by large
capitalists, and the lands are un
profitable in the sense that they yield
less supplies and less taxes to the Na-
tional or State Government. We would
like to have you to take these things
into consideration for the provision of
means to remedy this, Which we claim
to be a wrong. We simply hold the
principles that lands should be held by
those who are Avilling to cultivate them.
Tlie land to the liller, the tools to the
mechanic. In connection witli that
subject, Mr. President, I desire to pre
sent to you the petition sent from one
of onr frontier States, which may give,
in better words and more condensed
form, the ideas of our frontiersmen upon
that subject. I have stated, Mr. Presi
dent, that for our application to you we
have a precedent in relation to the same
matter, an example set by" President
Van Buren, 1 called to your attention
most respectfully. Do with the matter
as may" seem best to you, but in tbe
special matter of the reduction of the
hours of labor, Ave do desire to have
some recognition at your bauds, if y'ou
tjgfm it wise to give it. We have uo
other object in vieAv titan to seek out
and apply remedies to the Avrongs which
laborers now suffer. We regard the
present system of emigration as being,
in some sort, unfair, and as protection
is sought by" some of our large manu
facturers, at the hand of Government,
through the prohibition of tlie impor
tation of foreign goods, so we desire to
have some protection to our interests.
If they desire protection against the
competition to which they" may be stilt,
jeeted by" importation, avc also desire
protection against foreign pauper labor
imported aga-fcst our interests to de
duce the price of labor.
Anothcr subject to, \vlik* I would
call your attention i . of con
vie! labor. We think -
xists a. vi t dilatorinns upon
our interests, inasmuch obtained
at very low rates of by
parties who have
the work is thrown up,
free
Nriiiiii to a
" r
v. <1 to jc^KpßKin
it. But, Mr. President,
stone of your movement is the reduc
tion of the hours of labor to eight. We
do not desire to overturn the institutions
ofthe country, or to interfere with the
individual rights of any capitalists, but
simply claim the privilege of eight hours
for labor, eight for self culture, and eight
for repose.
This w x e ask Mr. President, and to
this we ask your cordial endorsement.
The whole of the working people of
Ibis country are beginning to be alive to
this. They can hope for no assistance
from the capitalists. They have deter
mined to take their own affairs into their
own hands, and they now but ask some
recognition at the bands of the head of
this nation. They ask it, believing he
is in sympathy with them, and they will
meet with a favorable response. They
ask it, at the same time determining
that they will prosecute the regulation
of this tiling, as far lawfully and justly
as they can, and till they had achieved
1 lie consummation of their just desire.
The President’s reply:
I am much obliged to you and to the
committee that accompany you for this
visit, and for thus offering me an oppor
tunity of making your acquaintance. I
feel gratified that you thought proper to
pay your respects and show that much
deference. In reply to- the various pro
positions you have stated I shall attempt
no set speech, but in way of conversa
tion permit me to say that in regard to j
the subjects upon which you have
touched I might simply refer you to my j
past acts, which, on such subjects, must j
make answer sufficient forme. I need ;
make no declarations now, for instance, |
regarding convict labor—that is a sub- !
ject I am tolerable familiar with in our j
State—and years ago in Congress, in !
’43 or ’44, you wifi find that I intro- |
duced a bill on the subject, and endeav
ored to show not only its action upon
the labor market, b>X also that by its
association it had an >yil tendency.
That is an old thing to m e ; I might !
claim priorty in these views over even
some of yourselves. [Applause and
laughter.] Experience has Only con
firmed me in the views regardum labor
I then had. Upon the labor everything j
else depends; that it, ought to be re"
spected, and that the laborer omrhtto
participate in and contract the affairs!
of the Government, for, in fact, upon'
them all rests.
In reference to the homestead policy,
I imagine that you all know that T was
long a laborer in that field. As far back
as ’46 or ’44 I introduced the first bill
in the House of Representatives; you
all know I succeeded in having it passed
in the House. It went to the Senate
and was there lost. Later I was trans
ferred to the Senate, and took the bill
up again, and finally it was passed, but
it was vetoed by Mr. Buchanan. I need
simply to refer you to my past acts in
the matter, and thus assured you need
no further reply. My whole history will
shew you that my course has been al
ways against this policy of monopoliz
ing all the public land for the benefit of
speculators to be sold by them at high
prices. In many of my old speecbeson
this matter you will see various esti
mates which 1 made to prove that the
cessation of this monopoly would result
in increasing the revenue of the country
and in bettering the condition of the
people, rendering them more independ
ent and just in that conviction. It is now
a very important time for the people,
the laboring people, to see to their in
dependence, for we have almost reached
a time when the people require a second
emancipation. There are some wearing
bonds and shackles that require to be
thrown aside. I warmly sympathize
with you in your movement, and I have
given recent evidence of it. There is
nothing I could say that would give
additional evidence of the fact. lam
in favor, and have always been, of that
system which had the most tendency to
elevate the working people of the na
tion, and I am glad to see the labor of
the country taking hold of and looking to
its own rights. I have ever been a strong
Democrat, but there always was one
aristocracy tlmt I favored—the aristoc.
racy <*f labor. In the
industrious, and intelligent, is thf
aristocray of tfie country, for upos n|
all the rest depend. ’.iLs to tho hatpsexj
labor per day, it is simply a m*tjpr of j
expediency, I think; but lam ceiWnly 1
in favor of the shortest number pOWihJeJ
that Avill allow of the discharge of chit™
and the requirements of the coontrtJ|
I think, therefore, having said something
on all the propositions you haw advan
ced, that if I ant not ahead in all pf
i them, lam fully up to what I myself
1 have started. [ Cheers. J
Noav, all I can add is, 4bat. I thank
you for the confidence you have shown
m me, and I assure you you have my
sympathies. I' can use my influence to
enable you to carry out the work in
wliioh y'oimre engaged, and my acts
will correspond with my promise. T
thank you, gentlemen, for this compli
ment.
The chairman of the committee then
! thanking the President, begged to in
i troduce to him the several members
thereof—not merely to honor them, but
also to show' the President that they rep
resented the workingmen of no one or
two States, but of all tlie States in the
Union. The introductions over, tbe
| delegates retired, pleased and triumph
ant.
Cotton—Collection of tlie Tn?, Weigh*
lug, Marking and Beinnvaß.
Tlie important regulations proscribe/
by the Commissioner of Internal Itevifl
nue in relation to the collection of the"
tax on cotton, are so little
by many farmers, on account of the
ocean of words in which Bicy are en
veloped, that wo embrace for their ben
fit every essential point in a condensed
form.
The tax of three cents per pound is
levied on cotton by act of Congress,
July 13th, 1806, and was payable on
and after the first of August last, on all
cotton on whiehno tax has already been
paid. Under seA’ere penalties, Avhich
take effect from the first of September,
the removal of cotton on which the tax
lias not been paid, prohibited, utiles*
under bond and security, accompanied
by a permit of the District Assessor.
On all cotton removed before Septem
ber Ist, without compliance with these
conditions, the tax of three cents is payr
able on demand of the collector, where
ever it may be found, under penalty of
seizure. Cotton made before August
Ist, and after that date taken to another
district, and the tax unpaid, will be sub
ject to the tax of three cents by the
holder wherever found. Cotton so re
moved, however, under bond made
prior to August Ist, and which does not
expire until after August Ist, will be
subject to the tax of two cents only;
and in all cases where cotton has been
assessed prior to August Ist, it is sub
ject to two cents only, though unpaid
before that date.
Due and public notice will always be
given of the places in each re\°nue dis
trict where cotton must he bivght to
be weighed and marked, and fees for
weighing and marking must be painty
the holder, producer or owner. The
gross Aveiglit of each bale must be mark
ed thereon, aud the amount of tax to
be assessed on eaCb will be ascertained
by deducting from the gross weight four
per cent for tare. The assessor Avill
keep an exact account of Aveights and
marks and the names of the bolder,
owner or purchaser.
Tlie oAvner may have the cotton
weighed aud marked wherever it may
be in the district, without carrying it to
the place designated for Avcighing, by
paying the necessary traveling expens
es of those who do the Avork; and in all
cases an assessor, or assistant assessor,
must see the cotlou weighed and keep
the necessary record. The tax is not
payable immediately after weighing and
marking, but may be held iu the dis
trict, without payment unless sold for
consumption, in the district. Cotton
can be transported at any time after
weighing and marking by giving bond
or paying the tax.
Assessors are required to keep an ac
count with each person for whom cotton
is weighed, which account will bo
charged Avith the amount weighed and
marked, and credited with the number
of bales removed from the district under
bond, on payment of the tax, or sold to
any manufacturer iu the district.
Cotton may be removed from one
district to another Avithnut prepaying
the tax, by giving boud or other securi
ty to be approved by the Commissioner
of Internal Revenue, subject.to the ap
proval of the Secretary .ft
Any person besides the holder
or producer, who desires cot
ton from the district in which it was
produced, must obtain authority and
give bond, in the penal sum of dyjble
the amount of tax. On reaching its
destination the cotton must be deliver
ed to the Collector of Internal Revenue
and be subject to bis control until the
taxes and necessary charges have been
paid, which must be done Avithin nine
ty days from the permit of removal.
The Collector receiving the tax and
other charges, will certify the same to
the persons paying it, and this certifi
cate shall be taken as eA’idcuce of can
cellation of the transportation bond,
provided it has the endorsement of tho
assessor of the district where the tax
was paid. On failure to pay" the tar
withiu ninety days to tlie Collector to
whom it is delivered, the bond shall be
put in suit, unless the tax and charges
are paid without delay. A collector of
any district to which cotton may be re
moved, may at any time receive tlie
taxes named in the permit without the
actual delivery of the cotton, and may
so certify.
Parties who want to pay the tax on
their cotton before they remove it from
the district, must make a return to the
district assessor, who will assess the
tax atul certify the amount to the Col
lector, who will collect the tax at once,
issue his permit for its removal, and de
scribe it, so as to be easily identified
anywhere.
All tax-paid cotton must be marked
by firmly inserting in bales tags or
marks for the purpose,the cost of which
must be paid by the producer or ship
per; and the person marking must care
fully insert the letter and numbers tuw
der the permit of removal.
From and after the first of Septem
ber, 1866, all persons producing, or
dealing in, or engaged in transporting
cotton, whether as master, supercargo,
or agent of any vessel or steamboat, or
for any railroad or transportation com
pany, or as common carriers, are pro
hibited from removing from any district
any cotton on which the tax‘has not
been paid, or without the perfftit of the
proper officer of the district; or from
conveying it from-any State in which it
is produced to any port or other place
within the United States, without the
certificate of the Collector of the pay
ment of the tax, and the permit of the
assessor. Before delivering oi landing
such cotton the certificate and permit
must be delivered to the Collector of
the district to which it is transported,
and his permit obtained to land, deliver
or discharge it. The penalty for violat
ing, or attempting to violate, any one
of these provisions is one hundred dol
lars for each bale of cotton, or impris
onment for one year, or both. The ves
sets or vehicles transporting such cot
ton itself is liable to seizure and for
feiture to the United States.
TnE Effect Abroad of the Phila
delphia Convention.— The report of
the harmonious proceedings of our
grand National Convention was circula
ted over the whole of Europe on Satur
day last, and read on every exchange
from London to Rnplvs. What is the
result? Last night’s news from Lon
don by the cable reportsour Five-Twen
ties as high as 70j at nbon yesterday.
When the proceedings of the Conven
tion arc once reported in full on the
otlie side of the Atlantic, there will be
a further rise, which will drive the
Radical disuniouists madder—if that
were possible—than they are to-day.
They are frothiug at the mouth now.,
This late financial report from Europe
will aggravate them beyond all power
of endurance. The cable, like all other
Commercial and industrial appliances of
the times, is ngainstthe Radical faction.
They ought to cut it.— N. Y. Times.
The New Orleans Times advises the
Southerners to think no more of emi
grating to Brazil. The Times says:
“A few excitable people in the South
appear to have Brazil on the brain. Let
thedff’wait for a sober second thought,
and they will probably come to their
senses. Brazil is no place for Ameri
can citizens. Stop at home and do
your part in the reconstruction of your
country. He is no true friend of the
South who advises her citizens to ro
either to Mexico or Brazil,