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THE WEEKLY SUN. i g VOLF. THOMAS GILBERT. THOS. GILBERT & CO., rßomiETons. terms of subscription. , one year tt I 50 ,V. six months I oo Oil’ll RATES. . ~ .■,ilies, one year, to same post ■ ~ —at 81 40 each 4 '2O .. iiiies. "ns year, to same pogt -1 at 41 3.5 each <> 75 T c I'iies, one year, to same post -1 ‘l, , ' at £1 12.5 each 12 .50 ..,.^ n coiiies, one year, to same po.-t --' \ at 81 Id each 17 25 i i.iitr copies, one year, to same post -1 it; at SI each 20 OO S il,s"rlptioßs discontinued at the expiration 1 I n V imittauces must bo by registered letter ~t.,;hce money order, otherwise at the risk ’• ,ii. toiler. Address, Thos. Gilbert & 00., Columbus, Ga. ADVERTISING RATES: y.lvertisementsinserted at $1 perpquare (ten li,i c . ~r less, In small type,) first insertion, and nlty cents each subsequent insertion. rilE PUBLIC JOURNAL. Its Difficulties anil its Proprieties. The witty paragraphist of the Savannah ,V< 1 “s, in his racy sketches of Georgia editors, tin: other day, said of us that we weighed and counted all our words before tl„, publication of our articles. Would tlia! this could he the case, not only with us hut with nil editors of daily papers! But the wit of the News has had experi ence enough to know its impossibility. Perhaps he may generally find time to trim and spice the rough draught of para graphs in his special department. Bat til?! general editor of a daily paper, who has all his exchanges to examine for news items, and his leading and minor articles to write, very often cannot find time once to read over what he has written, much less to materially alter or improve it. This is frequently the case with us, and we are as often mortified at the crudeness and imperfections of onr writings when we read them in print the next day. Then we wish that we could have had a chance to amend them in particulars which occur to us, and would have occurred before publication if we had had time for revis ion. We cannot suggest a remedy for this haste and crudeness in daily newspaper editing. But perhaps iy habit of caution in expressing opinions upon passing oc currences, aided by adherence to general principles for editorial guidance, may lead to the avoidance of many mistakes in judgment, ii’ not in stylo. There is certainly both need and opportunity to avoid many such mistakes of the press, aul we do not claim to he more free from them than others. Conspicuous among these is the error of hastily forming opin ions and pronouncing judgment upon one sided or partial statements of facts. We do not believe that the public taste de mands this, and wo uro satisfied that a re gal'd for the public taste could not justify it even if thus domunded. Bo far as opin ions upon matters of public policy or prin ciple are concerned, every editor is pre sumed to have settled convictions, and can therefore at any time write upon them understaudingly and with some assurance of correctness in his premises. Manners, morals and customs, as illustrated by any passing event, may be discussed with equal confidence and freedom. But the hasty pre-judgment of acts of individuals cannot be fortified by any such matured general convictions or principles. The law does not thus condemn any man; neither should the press. Even when all the evidence hearing upon any criminal case has been brought out and thoroughly sifted by counter testimony and argu ment, the law does not entrust judgment to one man, learned and impartial though he is presumed to be, but to twelve men, sworn to have beeti unbiased before the trial and to consider only the law and the testimony in their verdict. The press, as a judge in the court of public opinion, should be equally well-informed and im partial in pronouncing its judgments. A violation of its proprieties and moral re strictions in tiiis particular would be an usurpation of the prerogatives and duties of the court and jury—it would (if we may bo allowed to paraphrase a couplet) Snatch trom their hands the statute and the cause, Pre-judge their judgment—tie the law of laws'. It is out of a spirit similar to this that mob and lynch law springs. There is but one step from condemnation to punish ment. Individuals would not take the law into their own hands if they had not previously passed mental judgment upon tlio victim of their vengeance. The press, to be a consistent denouncer and oppo nent of such acts, must condemn and op pose as well the hasty judgment as the lawless punishment. The misfortune of the American daily press is not too much precision or prepa ration, hut that it has not time to give a “sober second thought” to articles written with impulsive feeling or upon incorrect information. And we can think of 110 remedy for this evil, unless if may he found in an adherence to general rules and principles such as we have indicated above. It llt !■; I V I'HADE WITH EI’KOPJE. Its lui|ir>i'tiiiice to tlie South. I'lie report, received several days since, of the lauding at Port Royal, S. C., of a large freight of foreign goods for Savan nah. has since been made moro satisfac tory by a statement of the Savannah pa pers, to the effect that the goods will not i‘o landed at Port Royal, but the vessel will proceed to Savannah and discharge there. There is a great dial that, ought to in terest and encourage our people in the movement now on foot contemplating the establishment of regular direct trade be tween Savannah and European ports. We hope that the business aud other "solid men'of Columbus will heartily co-operate, to the extent of their ability, with the same class in Macon and Atlanta in speed ing the movement. Every enterprise of this sort helps a little to relieve our section from the pernicous operations of the Northern gamblers in currency and pro duce. The extension of direct trade with foreign markets will bring additional means and competition iu the purchase of cotton from the planters, and thus help to thwart the schemes of "rings ’in this country. It w ill aid in the introduction of real money and in making us more mindful of iho difference between it and the depreciated and fluctuating currency now constituting our only representative of values. In every pait of the country enjoy nig foreign commerce gold and sil ver are more abundant, and must needs he so. It is only her foreign commerce (and not the fact that the precious metals are there dug from the ground) that makes gold and silver the chief circulating me dium in California. National Bank and Treasury notes would not answer for the needs of her large direct trade with China, Japan and the Pacific States of South America. An extensive direct trade with Europe would produce a like need here, aud u • character of »ur commerce would s.ipplv n .vs m ils el's stand now, our in dustry and interests are entirely at the mercy of men who make gambling in cur rency pud produce the business of their lives, who live and thrive by fluctuations, and whose means enable them to disturb the markets at their will. Not the least among the benefits ot s ueh a direct trade will be the facility "inch it will afford so; obtaining immi gration into the South. The experience ”f six or eight years has shown us that it >s impossible for us to obtain any consid '■uUs share of the emigration coming to *' ie Tnited States, under present condi * i°iis. It i s true, as we have heretofore '"marked, that our political status and ' ” mormons State debts created by car- PG-bag and negro rule are the most for midable obstacle to European emigration VOL. XV. to the South. But the lack of direct trade with European ports is another gteat disadvantage. The emigrants landed in New York or Boston,if they have not al ready determined their place of settle ment, are immediately beset by the agents of Western land holders, or by political enemies of our section, and they are thus persuded to go to other States or Terri tories. The South has little ehauce to compete for emigrants landed at North ern ports; hut let them laud here in the South (which vessels engaged in direct trade would enable them to do,) and the advantages for securing them as settlers or laborers would be on our side. We are well convinced that direct trade and immigration must go hand in hand; and both will help to support such lines of steamships as the South needs. We can not expect to jump at once to their at tainment. but the enterprise is one that will grow and extend with the success of its small beginnings, and if supported as it should be, and as it can easily be, it will soon give us our best “lift” in the way of recuperation and solid prosperity. THAT PIG INDIAN EIGHT. We h;#s as yet received very few addi tional particulars of the fights on the 4th and thellthinst. between Gen. Custar, of the Yellowstone Exploring Expedition, aud the ludiaiis. It appears that the In dians were mainly Uncopapas (we sup posed that our report calling them Co manches was incorrect), and that the fight on the 11th inst. was only closed by the opening of fire on the Indians by the artillery, which arrived on the opposite side of the river during the battle. The result, of this fight must, we think, he regarded as disastrous to the expedi tion and unfortunate in the moral effect which it will have on the Indians. Ac cording to Gen. Custar’s own report, there was no great difference in the losses on the two sides, and he only makes an esti mate or conjecture of the Indian loss. Then the expedition seems to have imme diately taken the back track, for we are informed it had come as far eastward as Pompey’s Pillar on the 15th and Muscle Shell on the lltth. Whether it had ac complished all its objects or not, this pre cipitate withdrawal from the locality of an Indian force that had obstinately fought the military escort for several days must have an encouraging effect on the Indians. We may be assured of one fact —tho Government would not now venture to send an exploring expedition into that region without a much larger force to protect it; so it is evident that the pun ishment of the Indians was not as great as was desirable to secure the future safe ty of exploration or travel. Probably another military expedition will have to be dispatched to inflict the punishment that seems to be necessary. No doubt Gen. Custar and his little band did all that bravery and discipline could do to uphold the power and authority of the Government, but their numbers were not sufficient. The Government appears to have been deceived as to the numbers or disposition of the Indians, and must next proceed with a better understanding of the difficulties to be encountered. WHEAT. We have to note quotations of wheat in tho Western markets in this column, for reasons already stated. There has been very little change in any of them lately. A spurt or two in Chicago have indicated gambling designs there, but they did not greatly affect the market. The quotations in Chicago on the 25th wei'e for No. 1 spring $ l 24@1 25; No. 2 spring $1 18J, for spot or August, §1 12) for Septem ber; seller the year round $1 08j@l 10£. These figures would indicate that the sharpers in Chicago are contemplating a material decline in price sometime during the year, but, like the prophets who con stantly predict “a good time coming,” they find it difficult to name the day. After a while, when they have taken a survey of the whole wheat field, get their combinations formed, and commence op erations systematically, we shall be better able to tell when they propose to let prices drop or to send them kiting. And the people generally will have to submit to their regulations of tho price of the “stall of ii{e,” even if “Tuttle children cry tor broad Till Speculation’s maw is led.” AuV IMPOII TAXT DECISION. We are informed by telegraph that the Supreme Court of Georgia, on Tuesday, decided "that the law forbidding the vitality of judgments on notes whose con sideration was slaves, is unconstitutional, and that unless barred by the statute of limitations, such judgments can he made operative.” J udge McCay, we are advised, dissented. The practical importance of this decis ion depends upon the legal operation of the several suspensions of the statute of limitations during the last ten or twelve years. Some decisions affecting the lapses made by these suspensions have been rendered; hut we have not "kept the run of tho thing” well enough to say whether this decision of Tuesday will re vive any judgments on notes given for slaves or not. Will some lawyer inform us aud the public how the matter stands? UUIt It All FOR WISE ! A telegraphic dispatch reports the laud ing of the Philadelphia Evening Herald's experimental balloon. Its course seems to sustain the theory of Prof. Wise and others, that at a certain altitude there is a steady wind-current, setting towarffii the east, or southeast, and that it can*e re lied upon for the guidance of a balloon. The Herald's balloon ascended from Phil adelphia on Monday afternoon, aud land ed at a point in New Jersey a little south of east of the place of starting, having been long enough in the upper regions to test whether the air current was steady. Prof. Wise, we believe, entertains the opinion that his great balloon, started from New York to cross the Atlantic, would land somewhere in Spain or in the Northern part of Africa. The Herald's balloon took very nearly this course. Its speed, too—about 75 miles an hour — seemed to be satisfactory, if not also con firmatory of Wise’s theory. The reqplt will no doubt be quite encouraging to the venturesome icronauts who are preparing to essay the crossing of the Atlantic. TEXAS CROPS. The Galveston News of Sunday pub lishes dispatches from several points in Texas, dated the day previous, which make variant reports of the cotton crops. But all the information from Texas war rants the belief that the crop of that State will be considerably increased. The News accounts reports— about Waco, “crops never better—no worms or cater pillars: " about Corsicana, "the crop prom ises to turn out well—this place will ship about 15,000 bales;” about Navisota, “worms in large quantities in all parts of the county— half a crop will not be real ized;” about Brenham “crop prospects are very discouraging.” Waco and Bren hani are near the centre, Corsicana in the northeast, and Navisota in the southern part of the State. Cholera has reappeared at Vicksburg, on the river, and in a more malignant form than on its previous visit, according to reports. THE WEEKLY SUN. -Y ORTH AX 11 SOUTH RAILROAD. What Superintendent Chipley ig Doing. 11 iu YußK ' Aug. 18, 1873. nan. W. C. Jarboe, Lagrange: Dear Sir : Your esteemed favor of the 14th instant is received, and for its con tents lam truly obliged. Such kind ex pressions from yourself and other friends gratify me exceedingly. The feeling ex pressed by Col. McDougald to yon, that I had a right to the Presidency, was shared, I assure you, by Capt. Blanchard. He never thought of becoming a candidate for the position until I suggested it, and allowed the use of his name at last at my request. I may have been selfish in de siring to divide with another labors which long since became onerous, but I believe the moviDg cause was not this, but what I deemed to be to the Interest of the road. We acted under a perfect understanding, and I would be glad to have our friends understand it. You would have cause for discouragement if you were correct iu your impression that I have been here so long waiting on negotiations commenced by Col. McDougald in March last. When 1 left Columbns I had the negotiation re ferred to on my list. It was a written proposition, made from Columbus by the President of the road. Yet it took several weeks of my time to obtain the final re jection of this offer. It left me, after losing so much time, to begin de novo. These iron men do not ask more than one question a day, aud it requires time to meet all their points. Added to this, I am forced to contend with the absence at the watering places of many persons whom I am obliged to see. I have already shipped an engine which under a due sense of our obligation I have named “John King.” I have also pur chased fish plates, bolts and spikes and some iron. I have strong assurances of the rest of the iron as soon as certain par ties can lie seen. But even without these I would not feel discouraged. Before twenty consecutive miles were graded I, as the company’s agent, without even a reference, bought upon the company’s credit twenty miles of iron, and the same was laid and equipped upon the credit ex cept two personal endorsements. One of these endorsed by the President, was a note for $3,000, intended for use with John King, but it was not discounted. The other was a note for $l,lOO, endorsed jointly by the President and myself. I made the trade in New Y’ork requiring this endorsement, and the President gen erously sustained me. Personal endorse ment was only required because the com pany’s bonds were at that time locked up by the Schaffer attachment. The personal advances in money to the company were entirely from its officers, Captains Griffith, Blanchard and your self, and would not aggregate a thousand dollars. These embrace every transac tion for material, equipment or operation of the road, not based alone upon the credit of tho company before it was a rail road or had a reference. I mention these facts to show you how much easier it will be to repeat for the second section what was done for tho first, now that the com panyrepresents as it does a bona fide in vestment of $(>50,000 with twenty miles in operation. Added to this real basis of credit we have the unqualified endorsement of our friends from whom I bought our first iron. No reference could be higher iu this en tire section. They are no longer manu facturing rails, but have sold me one hun dred aud twenty tons—all they have left. They would have shipped at once, but as onr ability to pay for them depends upon the completion of the second twenty miles, I have deferred the shipment until my anangements were closed, thereby avoiding any risk of involving them iu any delay. Retaining such friends through all our troubles is a matter of congratulation, and as I made the pur chase, is especially pleasant 1.0 me. An other subject of encouragement, I think, is the small floating debts left unprovided for by the bonds on the first section ; a fourth of this is due the officers of the company, for none of them has ever en forced the payment of their salaries, take ing what the company could spare, though several had no other means of earning a livelihood, their entire time be ing employed by their duties. These men have shown no disposition to push the company, though some of them are no longer in its service. But the balance of this debt must be met at once, and when this is done I can see nothing to delay immediate comple tion to LaGrauge. Once there, the com pany will be self-sustaining, andean build the road itself. With the valuable con nections secured at that point, tho “push and rush” would be over, and the com pany could afford to wait until the people on the line realized their true interest, and came forward to help an enterprise whose benefits they will enjoy. Yon see what a scrape you have gotten into by asking for a full and frank state ment of tho situation. I hope you will wade through it, as you say the numerous rumors are calculated to confuse and even discourage our friends. Therefore you must excuse my dwelling upon onr pres ent status at such length, for, though rather long, it is frank and just what I feel. I hope you will agree with me that it presents no cause for discouragement. Y’onrs truly, W. D. Ohiplf.y. MILITARY EDUCATION AT THE UNIVERSITY OP GEORGIA. The Trustees of the State University, at their last meeting, determined to place all the students of the University under a military organization. VYe understand that the causes that influenced this im portant change iu the government of the University were economy of dress and in creased efficiency of discipline, together with the fact that the United States law, under which the State College of Agricul ture and Mechanic Arts is formed, re quires that military tactics shall be taught. To provide for instruction in this De partment, they elected Capt. Jas. Bon ham, Professor of Military Tactics. Capt. Bonham is the son of Gov. Bonham, of South Carolina, and has recently graduat ed at the Virginia Military Institute, of which Institute he was a cadet for four years. We learn that General Smith, the well-known Superintendent of the V. M. 1., recommended Captain Bonhum in the strongest terms for the position to which he was elected. Capt. Charbonier, the Professor of En gineering iu the State University, who is a graduate of a military school in France, aud was formerly an officer in the French army, will have, by the action of the Trustees, general command of the milita ry organization of the students. ’ The department of military instruction at the State University will thus lie pro vided with competent professors; and military education will no doubt receive all the attention that its most earnest ad vocates could hope for. The authorities of the University expect to receive the cadet breech-loading mus ket, such as are made expressly by the United States Government for use by the cadets at West Point and the students of the various Stats colleges of science. We learn that the uniform will be the regular cadet gray, frock coat and dress suit, with something simple, inexpensive and serviceable for the fatigue suit. With the State "University as now or ganized, no Georgian need send his son out of the State to receive either a classi cal, scientific or military education. At lanta Herald , -Ml. The Florida Cotton Crop.—TlieFlori dian of the 19th says: The caterpillar, wo believe, remains about in statu quo. Several planters have been eaten entirely out, aud many others are apt to be. The crop, it is thought, will turn out much better than last year, though nothing like it promised a short time since. Three or four weeks ago, the prospect for a large crop was perhaps finer than any year since the surrender. Avery large quantity of improved seed was planted, and the crop had been well cultivated and was fruiting finely; but alas for human calculations —man pro posed, but the caterpillar has disposed almost as fully as usual. There seems to be no doubt that the “poison business" will pay. and next year planters will take time by the forelock and get the start of the worm. But query— bow many of us will go under between now and then ? The boll worm (not the caterpiiiai ) is reported as damaging the cotton iu por tions of Upson and Jasper counties. COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 2, 1873. ”THE LAND OF FLOWERS." LETTER FROM SANDY MERLIN. The Florida Railroad—lts Engine and Engineer—City of Cedar Key—A Land of Keys—Faber’s Mammoth Cedar Mill —How Cedar is Prepared for Pencils — An Interesting and Amusing Letter. Cedar Key, Fla., August 23, 1873. Hear Brilliancy: Leaving Jackson ville, your correspondent, on the after noon of the 22d, was whirled rapidly along the Jacksonville, Pensacola aud Mobile Railroad to Baldwin, the crossing point of the Florida Railroad, at which place we remained until six p. m., when we 1 took the cars for the “Key,” as it is terrn ; ed in this healthy locality. Mr. Editor, did the light of your coun j tenance ever shine on this Florida Rail ; road train ? (The Florida Railroad is | from Femandina to Cedar Key). If not, : you have missed a treat. As it rolled up j to Baldwin depot we thought of the D—l on wheels—so black, ancient-looking, rat tling, loose, sloshing, and cranky did the I engine look. She resembled some piny woods pig that we have seen in our day, I evidently turned loose to live or die just as circumstances might dictate. The train stopped, and out jumped the engi neer for a drink—of ice water. Hew shall I describe liim ? About six feet and three inches, long .shaggy heard, legs and arms so limber that he seemed to be com ing to pieces. lie looked as if lie liad been made of green material and put to gether with nails, and tlio subsequent shrinking of material had "kinder loos ened things." We are more than willing, however, to take back anything and every thing that may appear like a reflection on the road, for that ugly engine, and wild looking engiueer, trotted us to this place at the rate of thirty miles an hour; and that, too, smoothly and comfortably. As night came on us rapidly, we had no opportunity for observing the condition of crops along the route. We see, how ever quantities of fine oranges on the trees around this place ; and the general opinion is, that the crop for the present ye_r will be large aud lull. From con versation with old settlers, .we learn that the cultivation of the Florida orange has received anew impetus from the reported deterioration iu quality, and hence a reduc tion in the price of the Louisiana orange. There are several large and handsome groves of this juicy and delicate fruit about this place, in or near the celebrated Gulf Hammock. Wo see no reason why Florida should not equal, if not excel, Cuba in the production of oranges ; for it is everywhere confessed that the fruit from Cuban soil is not so large, and is less juicy than that of Florida. Cedar Key does not, properly speak ing, apply exclusively to that one upon which the city (?) is located, but to the numerous “keys” in this vicinity. There are quite a number of them, each taking its name from some incident in their early history; for instance, the key upon which this town is erected is called “YVays Key,” from the numerous “ways" erected here during the Seminole war, in order to fa cilitate shipping. Sea Horse Key takes its name from the large quantity . of sea horses that were once found there. Dead Man’s Key, situated a little to the right of the town, received its ghostly appellation from the fact of some soldiers having been buried there. There are so many of these keys that we will not attempt to give the history of all, and hence will let those already referred to suffice for the pres ent. Cedar Key, in appearance, is not very preposessing, blit despite this we found the citizens models of politeness and kindness. They give you an off-hand, hearty welcome that at once sets you at ease. Especially, in this connection, do we refer to the courtesies shown us by Capt. Willard, the Mayor of Cedar Key, who, although still a young man, is doing a large and increasing business. He is universally liked, as ho justly deserves to be. To the kindness of Capt, \\ illard we were indebted for a delightful row over to Senniota Key, for the purpose of in specting the mammoth cedar mill of E. Faber, the great lead pencil man. The building, through which we were shown by Supt. Smith, is an immense structure, containing a large one hundred horse power engine, the driving wheel of which is 12 feet in diameter, and the stroke 48 inches, with a cylinder of 2f> inches iu diameter anil four feet long. Tins power ful engine runs from twenty to thirty dif ferent saws. We, in looking ,;t the vari ous men at work, and the perfect, manner in which everything was done, could not but think of the old saying of a “place for everything, and everything in its place. ’ Around the mill there are immense piles of cedar logs, hewed square, aggregating some eight or nine hundred thousand square feet. These logs are cut into pieces twelve or fourteen inches wide and 2 j thick. From this saw they go direct ly to another that cuts the pieces off end wise into pieces 2 |x7 —thence to another s iw, which transfers them into blocks 2} thick, retaining the length of 7 inches mentioned above. But two more saws are yet to handle the timber, one of which cuts the blocks into strips 2j inches wide and j thick. From here they are carried down stairs to a gem of a machine, which, by cutting off each side, leaves tlie strip sufficiently large to make five pencils. This machine lays the pieces, sawn from the side of the slips, into neat piles ou each sqje, and the part left for pencils is carried forward and also piled up neatly, the work being done as perfectly as if the hand of man had guided them. One oth er little machine, which I must not forget to notice, is one that works five small saws and a plauer at the same time, stripping the timber into five pieces and dressing them. These things make the mills fully worth a visit, and we do not regret seeing them. Sandy Merlin. Atlanta and Richmond Air-Line Rail way Completed. —President Buford, ac companied by several of the officers of his road, aud others, arrived here yester day evening, at (1) o’clock, ou a special train, the first through from Charlotte, N. C. This marks the greatest success of rail road enterprise in the South since the war, if not since the introduction of steam as the grand motor,of commerce, having reference to ail the circumstances of diffi culty under which it has been effected. Two hundred aud sixty-six miles of railroad, built in four years upon private capital, without public subsidies or other extraordinary aids, is an achievement worthy of commemoration. Passing through three States of the Union, and connecting directly the capital of the great State of Georgia with the leading Eastern railways aud cities, on a line shortened by more than one hundred miles, its value to the Southern produc tions aud commerce is not exceeded by any similar work of the decade. Atlanta, through her principal citizens and public authorities, is preparing a grand fete to commemerote the event, and all are justly proud of its achievement. Iu a short time through trains will be organized for both passenger and freight transportation, and tlie line, with its al most unrivalled connections, must com mand business from the outset,- Atlan ta Constitution, 27th. Gen. E. M. Law, in his speech at Eu faula. Ala., upon the occasion of the or ganization of a Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry there, said that the order was of Southern origin, having had its birth in North Carotina. RRITISH NEWS. London, Angust 2(1. Morsel, Post master General, tendered his resignation, but at the solicitation of Gladstone con sents to remain in office temporarily. At a demonstration of trades unions at Edinburg, Saturday, there were 15,000 in procession. The object of the demon stration was to protest against the crimi nal law amendment act. The prosecution closed the case against the Bank of England forgers, and the de fense have opened. This morning, in the absence of counsel for the accused, George Bidwell, principal in the frauds, himself began a cross-examination of wit nesses for the Crown. The Times of this morning says that the British Government, at the request of Germany, has sent orders to commanders of the British squadron in the Mediter ranean to deliver to the Republican au thorities the Spanish steamers Alamanzea and Victoria, but that inferior force under command of Admiral Lobos renders the capture of these vessels by the Insurgents highly probable. If they are surrendered the vessels are without crews and cannot, in their present condition, be used against the Insurgents. A special dispatch to the Telegraph says cholera is raging iu Hungary and that fifty per cent, of the cases provefatal. London, August 2(l. —The storm Sunday and Sunday night was one of unpreceden ted severity. Accounts from Cambridge, Peterborough, Wisbach, Newark and other towns, reported that the wind and lightning were appalling. Thousands of people refused to go to bed lest their houses should be overwhelmed while they slept. A number of fires were kindled by lightning and many deaths reported. ; Childerly Hall, near Cambridge—histori cally connected with the reign of Charles I—was struck by lightning aud burned to the grov 11 1. EUROPEAN NEWS. London, Aug. 2(5.—A special dispatch to the Telegraph says that tlie cholera is raging iu Hungary and that fifty per cent, of the cases prove fatal. At a demonstration of trades unions at Edinburg ou Saturday there were fifteen thousand tradesmen in the procession. The object of the demonstration was to protest against the criminal law amend ment act. Some interesting Shakespearian docu ments have been discovered which con tradict the recent theories touching Shakespear’s business connection with the theatres. The storm Sunday and Sunday night was one of unprecedented severity. Ac counts from Cambridge, Peterborough, Wisbeacli, Newark aud other towns, represent that tlie wind and lightning were appalling. Thousands of people re fused to go to bed lest their houses should be overwhelmed while they slept. A number of tires were kindled by the light ning and many deaths are reported. Chil derly Hall, near Cambridge, historically connected with the reign of Charles the First, was struck by lightning and burned to the ground. The Swiss hotel keepers report that the cholera is prevailing in Paris. This is douo to divert travel to Switzerland. TILE VIENNA EXPOSITION. America Gets 4000 Medals—General Dis satisfaction. Vienna, Aug 25.—0f the 30,000 medals aw arded to exhibitors at the Exposition, 4,000 go to America. There is much dis satisfaction at the result of the Exposi tion. It is charged that a number of ar ticles which were never entered for com petition, received medals, and that several firms which had none of their goods ou exhibition were awarded diplomas through manipulation of the juries. It is alleged that those who know how the prizes were secured will attach no value to the medals of the Vienna Expo sition. The quantity of goods aud speci mens which will lie returned home from the American department is very small. Most of tho stuff will be sold here. The exhibitors have been leaving iu crowds as fast as the}' could get away since the close of the Exposition. GREAT FIRE IN ANTWERP. Antwerp, Aug. 2<i.—A great conflagra tion was occasioned here last night by a streak of lightning which set tire to one of the largest warehouses in the city. This, with the surrounding buildings, was soon wrapped in flames and the entire block was destroyed. The fire was still burning at 10 o’clock this morning. Antwerp, August 27. —Fire among the warehouses extinguished. FRENCH AFFAIRS. Paris, August 27. —The high price of bread causes agitation in some quarters of this city, out of which it is apprehend ed serious trouble may grow. At a spe cial meeting of the Cabinet called for to day to consider the question, several members of the Assembly have proposed as a remedy the immediate suspension of discrimination duties on cereals. the RANK OE ENGLAND FOR GERS. London, Aug. 27. —The trial of the Bank of England forgers resulted in a verdict of guilty. They were sentenced to penal servitude for life. GERMAN WAR POET DEAD. Berlin, August 27. —Call Wilhelm, the composer of the famous German war song, “The Watch on the Rhine,” died to-day at Sekualkaltden. THE THREE PARTIES IN CURA. Havana, August 24, via Key West, Fi.a., August 2<>.—Rumors are again rife that disturbances are likely to take place at an early day. The Republican and Conservative Clubs hold meetings nightly. The Insurgents, three hundred strong, have burned a small coffee establishment in Brozo DeCanto. There has been a very severe engage ment between the Insurgents and the troops near St. lago DeCuba. The loss was heavy on both sides. The Spaniards admit having lost sixty killed and it is reported that General Buriel, the former Governor of Matanzas, is among the number. P EX'NS YLI AMI DEMOCRA CF. Wilkesbabe, Pa., Aug. 27.— The Demo cratic State Convention was called to or der by Congressman Randall; Dr. An drew Nebinger, temporary Chairman. An hour’s discussion over contested seats by the Philadelphia delegation. The matter was referred to a committee. Other usual committees appointed. Recess. TEMPERANCE. Saratoga, August 27. —The National Temperance Convention met. On motion of Rev. H. W. Cavunt a Grand National Mass Meeting was ordered to be held in Philadelphia in lH7ii, in connection with tho Centennial Celebration. The Chair was authorized to appoint a committee to make arrangements. Eleven thousand dollars was subscribed bv the delegates to pay the indebtedness of the National Publication Society. HON. NELSOfi TIFT AND DIRECT TRADE. Louisville, August 27. —Hon. Nelson Tift, of Georgia, arrived here to-day to seek the co-operation of Louisville iu es tablishing anew line of steamships be tween Savannah and Liverpool. No sub sidies asked. He seeks business encour agements for the enterprise. PROFIT OF THE GRANGES. New York Aug. 25.--It is stated that 19 car-loads shipped by the Granges to Toledo, realized $lO 20 per cent, above the usual profit. Encouraged by this, the Grangers call for more cars aud pro iKise erectiug an elevator of their own. MIS SIS SIP PI POL I TICS. Special to the Cincinnati Gazette. Washington. Aug. 20—A Vicksburg let ter says that Senator Ames will be nomi nated for Governor in spite of the strong opposition, and that colored men will be selected for candidates for Lieutenant Governor, Secretary of State, and Super intendent of Education. SPAIN. The Government Policy for Defeating the Carlists. [Correspondence of tlie World.] Pampeluna, August 7. —The strategic policy of the Madrid Government against the Carlists now appears to have been settled; and, roughly stated, it is an abandonment of the nine provinces of the north to Don Carlos, and to reform aud strengthen the Republican army on the south bank of the Ebre in order to make the line of that river their strategic line of defence. _ The Republican garri sons in the towns along the Biscay coast, already besieged by the Carlists, are ap parently to be abandoned to their fate. If they can hold out against the besiegers, all the better; if they cannot, they must surrender. The longer they hold out the more time they give the Republican Min ister of War to carry out his plans for the reorganization of his army. He seems to have had very good success in quelling the communist or separatist attempts in the cities of the South and East; aud I learn from very good sources that he counts upon soon having, with the now recruits he has called out, a force of 80,000 men to bring against the Carlist armies, which, altogqfher, do not yet number more than 35,000 men. But this is in tlie future ; as for the present, all continues to be of one color in these nine provinces. Every day we hear of some new Carlist success, aud of some fresh Republican discouragement, Whenever it has been possible for the Republican | garrisons of small towns in Navarre and : Catalonia to escape from the Carlists, they have retired to the capitals of their 1 respective provinces. I have a list of i twenty towns winch have been deserted in this manner. When this movement is complete, and the Republicans iu these nine provinces hold only the nine capi tals, it will remain to be seen whether they will effect a further consolidation by falling back beyond the Ebre. THE CORTES—THE CARLISTS AND INSURGENTS. Madrid, Aug. 2(1.—1u the Cortes to day Senor Olvares demanded the prosecu tion of Hidalgo on the charge of having abandoned his post as Captain of the iron clad Victoria. He enquired of the Min ister whether the report that Hidalgo was going to Washington on a misson to the United States government was correct. In consequence of Olvares’ action, a duel with Hidalgo was imminent, but through the intervention of friends a meeting has been avoided. The fleet under command of Admiral Lobos, which commenced to blockade Cartagena, has been compelled to with draw out of range of the guns of the in surgents. On account of the inferior armament of the vessels, they could not cope with the artillery of the fort. A contemplated revolt by the crew of the Spanish frigate Oormen, wus discov ered by the officers, and forty of the muti neers were arrested and placed iu confine ment. A Spanish force has entered the town of Frogapen, Arzona. A caucus of a majority of the Cortes have decided to elect Senor Castellar President of their body and Senor Preyor Vice-President. Further details of the battle near Estella on Sunday, are to the effect that the Car lists, who were iu large force and under their favorite leader, were completely de feated by the Republican troops. They asked a truce to remove their dead and wounded, which was granted. The re mainder of the Carlist army retired to wards the French frontier. Don Alfonso, brother of Don Carlos, aud Gen. Tristay, are among the wounded. The Carlists have withdrawn from the neighborhood of Berga, having apparently abandoned the idea of its reduction. Lisbon, Aug.2<>.—The expedition which is laying a cable between this'city and Rio Janeiro, after having proceeded three knots, was stopped by the discovery of a fault in the wires. Tests have been made from which it is believed the fault is near the land. The expedition will continue paving out until it reaches Madeira, v, hence the cable steamer will probably return and repair the fault. ANOTHER REPUBLICAN SUCCESS. \ Madrid, Aug. 27.- Sizzarga. with 3,000 ! men, is reported marching to reinforce the Carlist force besieging Estallo, who now i number 8,000. The latter were again de feated on Monday with considerable loss, by the Republican lore' n Estallo. Tho Republican loss was sis • PRESIDENT OASTELI. ’ ; ADDRESS. Castellar has been eleri 1 President of the Cortez. He said flu troubles, diffi culties and perils of theßepc Jicans were increasing. The Republicans, while strug gling to establish the Republic, were united; but after they had achieved the victory they were divided, because an ideal always exists. The present Gov ernment represents solid reality, and the opposition represents an ideal. He bril liantly traced the history of Democracy, and declared that the death of the Repub- j lie would be the sign of the death of Lib erty, and that the generation would be infamous which achieved Liberty and failed to preserve it. lam a Federalist, he said, lmt. madness rends the Spanish nationality, while Italy and Germany are ( becoming more united. He reviewed the . public life of M. Thiers, which lie said was a life of warfare. In conclusion. Senor Castellar invoked Divine protection to save the liberty and integrity of Spain. A RUN-OEE IN TEXAS. Marshall, Texas, Aug. 25— Last night j about 7 o’clock, a construction train laden j with ties, forwarded by Dewey <fe Cos., J penitentiary lessees, ran off the track a ; mile and a half west of Gladewater Sta tion, t irowing seven cars down an em bankment, killing the conductor,Mr. Ken- i Gall, of Council Bluff, lowa, and serious- ; ly injuring many others. The following are the names of the wounded as far as ascertained: J. J. Kelley, guard, cut all over; \Vm. Price, guard, shot in the thigh by a gun which exploded; James Smith, thigh broken; a brakemun, leg broken; McD. Sergeant, whose forehead was slightly hurt, and nine convicts' whose names are unknown. The wounded were all brought to this city. It is reported that the acci dent was caused by an ox jumping on the track in front of the train. ANOTHER GREAT EIRE. Belfast, Me., Aug. 25.—A fire com menced iu Bennet’s sail loft, north of R. Sibley & Bro.’s wharf, and spread with fearful rapidity along the wharves as far as Carter’s ship yard and the Marine rail way, crossing Union street, and extend ing to High street, consuming all the buildings in a southeast course as far as the house of E. K. Bayle on High street, where the fire was Btopped. Over one hundred and twenty-five buildings were 1 detroyed, mostly of wood. Loss half million. The saddest incident of the fire was the death of Miss Rebecca Prentiss, a well known and much respected lady, aged 80, who perished in the Frothingham House, where she resided. She was either be wildered by the smoke or fell in a fit. A few charred bones were found this morn ing. The Frothingham House was the oldest two-story frame building here. It was built about a century ago. A SHOCKING COLLISION. Rochester, Aug. 20. —Theexpress train approaching Batavia collided with a car riage. killing both occupants. One horse was thrown a number or yards in a field ; the other dragged until the train stopped. The engineer, Jno. Day, stopped the train as soon as possible, aud got off the engine to see what was done. In passing in front of the locomotive he saw it covered with blood and brains, and was so overcome by 1 the shock that he walked but a few steps when he fell. He was carried into the smoking car and died iu a few minutes. LIBERAL REPUBLICANS PROPOS ING UNTON. New York. August 25. — The Liberal Republican State Executive Committee, ihrough their chairman, John Cochran, hive sent an invitation to the Democratic State Committee to unite iu calling one State Convention of those opposed to the present Administration. 1 THE CHARGES AGAINST SENATOR CARPENTER. The V. Tribune Defies a Libel Suit. New York, Aug. 23. —The Tribune to morrow replies to the Milwaukee Evening Wisconsin relative to the charges against Senator Carpenter, from which the fol lowing is extracted: “These charges, says the tfinwwia, are too grave to puss unnoticed. It adds with a truthfulness to which we bear cheerful witness so far as the Tribune is concerned, that they are uttered by journals of ample pecuniary responsibili ty, which can be made to suffer most se riously if they have given currency to re ports that are false and libelous. We hope the Wisconsin is correct when it says the people demaud that the Senator of their choice should vindicate his character. There could not be a more reasonable de mand. We desire to be distinctly under stood. The Tribune makes no charge that can’t be substantiated, and extenuates i nothing, nor sets down aught in malice. : To all organs which are calling for libel prosecution we have only to say in the I words of the Wisconsin paper that the 1 Tribune is a journal of ample peeuniary responsibility. If Mr. Carpenter has been aggrieved by any publication iu its col -1 umus he has his remedy at law, aud what ; ever damage a jury of his countrymen shall say he sustained will be paid. More j than that, the Tribune will gladly pay any sum iu damages to be convinced that the life and conduct of Mr. Carpenter are such as may be held up for an exainplo instead of a warning to the young men of the country. For proof of that the Tri bune is ready to pay liberally.” THE SMITH I'ILLE MURDER. All for Five Dollars and Forty Cents. Special to the Atlanta Herald.] Macon, August 23. —The details of the murder at Smithviile make it the most awful crime ever committed iu Georgia. When the train passed there to-day six arrests had been made, but the real mur derer is still in doubt. It is positively denied that Jasper Larramore was the , murderer. The murder produced pro found sensation in all that part of the State. Never were more active exertions made to catch the culprit. Up to 10 o’clock to-night he had not been found. The mother of deceased has lost her mind, j He was buried yesterday afternoon. When found, the body was cold, rigid and stiff. It is supposed, therefore, that the mur- j der took place as early as 11 or 12 o’clock in the night. The head was half severed from the body. The object of the mur- ! der was nothing in the world but robbery , of the store. There the murderer ob tained five dollars aud forty cents, but j failed to get into the patent drawer, where a jarger sum was. He was the son of blacksmith Johnson, and not the sou of the ' well known hotel keeper at Smithviile. GRAND RAILROAD CONSOLIDA TION. Special to tlie Courier-Journal. Memphis, August 22. -It is rumored in railroad and financial circles here that negotiations are now pending between Gen. Malione, Col. Jaques, of the South ern Security Company, and Gen. Rose cranz, now in this city, involving the consolidation of the East Tennessee, Vir ginia and Georgia, the Memphis and Chattanooga, the Bristol and Norfolk, the Memphis and Little Rock, aud the Little Rock and Fort Smith roads, all to be put under the management of Gen. Mahone aud Col. Jaques. aud to be extended up the Canadian river to Albuquerque, aud constitute the central route of the South ern Pacific Trans-continental road. The scheme, if consummated, will make Mem phis quite an important point. AH SIN IN LOVE. Attempted Murder and Suicide. San Francisso, August 2(s.—Oren Du- Bose, a resident of San Jose, in this State, had in his employ a young Chinaman cook. The Chinaman fell in love with Dußose’s daughter, aged 17, but the young lady did not reciprocate his passion. He obtained possession of her photograph; she demanded its return yesterday; lie gave the picture back to her and in tlie same instant fired four shots at her from a revolver, iter steel corset turned the bullets and she escaped. The Chinaman then blew his own brains out. A DASTARDLY OUTRAGE. An Fditor Assaulted with Vitriol. New York, Aug. 24.—As Walter Gib son, proprietor of tjie Harlem Local , was entering his office last evening, an un known person flung a cup of vitriol or muriatic acid full iu his face, probably destroying the sight of one, if not both, of his eyes. The perpetrator of the deed jumped into a buggy standing near, in charge of a confederate, and disappeared. Revenge for personal attacks by Gibson in his paper is supposed to have prompt ed the attack. LARGE SEIZURE OF DIAMONDS. New York, August 2(>. —Two hundred and eighty-five uncut aud twelve cut diamonds, from the South African fields, valued at $30,000, were seized by custom house officials on the person of H. Lan caster, a Chicagoean, who arrived on the City of Chester from Europe. A portion of them were in a chamois skin bug around Mr. Lancaster’s body. He denies that he attempted to smuggle them. I TEMS FROM NEW YORK. New York, August 27.—The. tunnel through which trains of the Now York Central and Hudson River, Hartford and New Haven, and New York, Harlem and Albany Railroads enter tho city fell in this morning, causing a temporary stop page of all trains. Gov. Dix has addressed a letter to Mayor Ilavemeyer in reply to a request of the latter for rifles for the police, and says even if the means of granting the request were at his disposal, he should decline, considering it very doubtful whether the public order or security would be pro moted by the organization of an army of military bodies under direction and control of municipal corporations, inde pendent of the military authority of the State; and believing the existing mode of putting down resistance to laws by calling upon the military on extraordinary occa sions is in all respects wisest and safest. THE PACIFIC MAIL STEAMSHIPS. New York, August 27. —The Directors of the Panama Railroad Company held a meeting to-day for the purpose of con summating arrangements iu relation to a loan to the Pacific Mu.J Steamship Com pany, for which tlio t ..ojai-ed to take a mortgage on the most seaworthy vessels of the company, the attendance was full. It was resolved by a majority vote to pay the Pacific Mail Steamship Com pany $500,000 on six vessels, provided the company wiil make them a clear bill of sale of each vessel .1 BRAVE ROY KILLED. New York, August 27.—Wm. Tarrell, aged 13, who interfered to save a smaller boy from a beating by Payne, aged 12, was fatally stabbed by him. Payne was arrested. THE RADICAL WAR IN ARKANSAS. Little Rock, Aug. 25. —Gen'l Bishop has just returned from Perry county. Ho reports that Manes is near Perryville with about thirty men. Gen 1 Bishop made a speech to the people, telling tnem that Hambright, the Sheriff, should make all the arrests'. While speaking, however, the Sheriff left the crowd and was seen no more. 'J’he people are very well disposed, if tlie Sheriff would only do his duty. The General recommends tlie organization of militia in that county, aud to-night the Governor commissioned officers for three companies. More trouble is apprehended. LEGAL DECISION. Columbia, S. C., August 27. —The Su preme Court to-day decided the case of Morton, Bliss & Cos., bondholders, vs. the State adversely to tax payers. The de cision covers one hundred pages of legal cap, and is just what the tax payers feared. DESTRUCTIVE WATER SPOUT. New York, August 27.—A water spout at Evanguato, Mexico' destroyed much property and some lives. NO. 30. WAR OX THE PLAINS. FIERCEFIGHTIXG WITH IXDIASS Gen. Custar's Orderly, Veterinary Sur geon, Sutler and one Private Killed— Custar and His Adjutant Have Horses Shot from under them—Forty Indians Killed and Wounded. | Muscle Shoal River, August 19, via Fort Benton, Montana, August 23. The abundant preparation which the Yellow | stone expedition made for the reception ‘ of Indians has been fnliv justified. On August Uh Gen. Custar, with Bloody Knife and a squadron of cavalry, had been detailed by General Stanley to go on several miles in advance of the wagons and look up the road. Having gone about ten miles ahead, they halted, and picketed their horses iu the woods by the river to wait for the train. Two hours afterward six Indians appeared on the plain and made demonstrations towards the camp. A dismounted lino of skirmishers was throw n out and horses saddled. The In dians were easily driven off, but proved the decoy of a large party in the neigh- Itorbood wood, waiting iu ambush for the cavalry. Finding the ruse failed, the In dians to the number of 300 boldly rode out and advanced on the ground occupied by the cavalry. Gen. Custar had only one squadron of 80 men under command of Capt. Mayler. The men again dismounted and formed a skirmish line. The Indians also dismounted and formed in line in a semi-circle around the. cavalry, who had the river at their backs. A rapid firing was kept up at a distance of 400 yards. Gen. Custar deferred charging, hoping the main command would soon come up and assist in capturing the Indians. Af ter three hours fight liis ammunition gave out. He then charged the Indians, who precipitately fled, dropping many of their equipments. After retreating several miles they took to the bad lands. One man slightly wounded iu the arm and one horse wounded formed the extent of Cus tar’s loss. While the tight was going on several Indians left the party in search of stragglers from the train. Coming up with Dr. Housinger, Veterinary Surgeon, and Mr. Bolarine, cavalry suttler, who were less than a mile from the column, they killed them and took their clothes and valuables. Private John Ball of the cavalry, while out hunting, met a similar fate. In this fight two Indians were kill ed and several wounded. They lost sev eral ponies. Gen. Stnuley directed Gen. Custar to take the cavalry, numbering 150 men, follow the trail, and if possible overtake and punish the Indians. Gen. Custar left iu the night of the Bth. On the morning of August 11th, at daylight, he was at tacked by about 800 Indians, who came down to the river and fired on his camp. The filing was returned for two or three hours, both parties using trees as cover, i A party of three hundred Indians then crossed the river above and below camp, ! endeavoring to surround them. The men dismounted, posted on the bluffs, received them bravely. The Indians beyond the ridges kept up a galling fire until Custar ordered a charge. The men then mounted ! and pursued them hotly for eight miles. Just at this time the train came up and j opened on the Indians across the river ! with artillery. A few shots dispersed them and ended the fight This battle, which took place within two miles of the Big Korn, was a fierce one. Gen. Custar and Adjutant Ketcham had their horses shot under them; Lieut. Braden badly shot in the thigh: private | Tuttle, Gen. Custar’s orderly, killed, and twenty soldiers slightly wounded; four horses killed and three wounded. The j Indians’ loss is estimated by Gen. Custar at forty killed and wounded. The Indi ans were well armed with Henry rifles and , an abundance of ammunition. Some were dressed in clothes received at the agency. These were mainly Comanches, 1 supposed to be under command of Sitting Bull; also supposed to have received their supply from Fort Feck, on the Missouri. The expedition arrived at Pompcy’s Pillar on the loth, and reached Muscle'Shoal, 150 miles from Fort Benson, on the 10th, and is now, however, homeward bound. Gen. Stanley expects to reach Fort Bice by the Ist of October. The health of the command is good. Lieut. Braden is get ting on well. The Right of .States to Tax Freight. —The following points of a decision by the Supreme Court of the United States, in the case of the. Reading Railroad Com pany against Pennsylvania, will interest all connected with railroad transporta tion : 1. The transportation of freight, or of the subjects of commerce, is a constitu tional part of commerce itself. 2. A tax in freight, transported from State to State, is a regulation of commerce among the States. Whenever the subjects, in regard to which a power to regulate commerce is asserted, are in their nature national, or admit of one uniform system or plan of regulation, they are exclusively within the regulating control of Congress. •I. Transportation of passengers or mer chandise through a State, or from one State to another, is of this nature. •i. Hence a statute of a State imposing a tax upon freight, taken up within the State and carried out of it, or taken up without a State and brought within it, is repugnant to that provision of the Consti tu'-ion of the United States which ordains that “Congress shall have power to regu late commerce with foreign nations and among the several States and with the In dian tribes.” Improvements at Reynolds. —The good citizens of the growing little town of Reynolds are wide-awake on the subject of improvement. It is the prettiest site m southwest Ga.jjfor a town, and is bound to be a place of some importance. Three or four new and very handsome dwelling houses are now being built, besides seve ral large and commodious store houses. For healthfulness and salubrity of climate it is unsurpassed, the citizens are moral, intelligent and refined. Its rapid growth is due to the energy and enterprise of her citizens. The adjacent country is noted for its fertility of soil, as some of the richest plantations in this part of the State are situated along the banks of Flint river. Proper steps Lave been taken to erect a handsome "College Build ing,” which will accommodate 150 pupils. The citizens have memorialized Col. Wm. Wadley asking for anew depot building at that place, signed by 125 of the most prominent and substantial citi zens of the town and surrounding country, and that 500 additional signatures could have been obtained if it was deemed essen tial. The present depot is a dilapidated wooden structure and should have been torn down many years ago.— Fort Valley Mirror. A Grand Affair Approaching. —The approaching Fest of the Augusta Deuts eher Schuetzen Club, says the Constitu tionalist, promises to be a grand demon stration. In addition to the certain attendance of the Savannah, Charleston and Selma and other clubs, our city mili tary companies—the Clinch Rifles, Ogle thorpe Infantry, Irish Volunteers and Richmond Hussars—have accepted the in vitation of the Club to participate in tbeir first annual parade and Schuetzenfest, commencing on the 23d of September. The Schuetzens are industriously exert ing themselves to provide every amuse ment calculated to entertain their guests and interest the large crowd of visitors expected from ail accessible points. They have recently purchased a set of fifty Hy ing horses, and will have them in position ready for use during the fest. Other at tractions are in contemplation, and will be added in full time to make the occa sion worthy of the most liberal patronage. The Apalachicola Time s accuses us of doing injustice to its county, because, in quoting the present value of its real es tate, we failed to say that, small as it was, it was an increase of $12,521 over last year. If our object had been, as the Times suggests, “ridicule,” this omission might fairly have been regarded as signi ficant. But in view of the gratification which we have lately expressed at the re viving business and prosperity of Apala chicola, and the hopes uttered that the commerce between that port and Colum bus was destined to be restored to its former large proportions, we think that the Times permits its sensitiveness to lead it to captiousness. BAS GEORGIA GROWS f»n r Est SIXCE THE TIJ I! :■ The Contrary Proven. LaGbange, Ga., August 23, 1873. Editors Atlanta Constitution : Asser tions are made that Georgia has grown poorer since the war, and on the other hand, that she has rapidly improved. Per haps the philosophy of both will solve the problem. Georgia has increased in wealth since 1866, and the farmers have improved their condition in spite of crop liens, bad labor, and the peculiar wisdom of sleeping in Georgia and boarding in Ohio. Georgia had, in 1866, property valued, on a gold basis, at $148,122,325. She had in 18i2, $213,160,808, on a gold basis. Showing an increase, from 1566 to 1872, of $65,045,523, or in enrrenev now $74,- 480,323. Thus iu six years Georgia added to her wealth about the total gold value of all the laud returned iu 186 G; there were re turned iu 18GG 30,11G,929 acres, valued, in U. S. currency, at $100,112,524, or in gold (50 per cent, premium) valued at $68,741,633. This work was accomplished iu spite of a decrease in the number of laborers, for although the aggregate population had in creased, there were only 114,990 hands between 12-65 reported in 1871, while in 1566 there were returned 139,988 —a de crease of 24,889 laborers. In 1872, the number was 110,439 —a further decrease of 4,560, or total in six years of 29,549. The number of hands employed in 1870, was still smaller, 106,268 ; while in 1869 the number was 106,739. So fact No. 1 is, that Georgia grew richer from 18G6 to by $65,045,525 iu gold, although she had fewer laborers by 25,000 to 32,000. Increase in six years and a half of about 44 per cent, in value of total property. Os course the yearly figures show great fluctuations, and many things decreased in value. It has been asserted that the value of live stock decreased by millions from 1867 to 1871. Here are the figures: Georgia had iu 1867, or February. 1868: Horses, 73,342, worth $5,189,672 ; mules, 64,955, worth $5,454,356; oxen and other cattle, 334,994, worth $3,607,885; cows, 252,383, worth $5,315,185; sheep, 314,- 875, worth $539,223; hogs, 1,404.951, worth $6,357,399. Georgia had in February, 1872: Horses, 115,000, worth $11,192,950; mules, 90,- 900, worth $11,088,891; oxen and other cattle, 401,300, Worth $4,105,299; cows, 260,000, worth $5,410,600; sheep, 258.- 700, worth $395,811; hogs, 1,528,900, worth $5,975,948. (These figures rs to live stock are taken from reports of the Agricultural Depart ment for 1867 and 1871, respectively.) Showing a Total for February, 1872 $37,269,499 Total for February, 1868 26,463,675 Increase in four years ,$10,805,824 Besides tho difference in the currency, at least 25 per cent. more, j So fact No. 2is that the value of live I stock in Georgia was abont eleven mil lions more in 1872 thau in 1868 —an in crease of over 40 per cent, iu four years. In corroboration of the above figures, the report of the Comptroller iu January, 1873, says: During the last four (4) years there has been an increase of over forty-eight (48) millions of dollars. In April, 1872, the Comptroller says : “This report exhibits a gradual but ! steady increase of the taxable property every year, and shows that our people are steadily accumulating wealth.’’ Iu April, 1871, the Comptroller says: “This shows that the people of the ' State of Georgia are in a prosperous con dition, and that agriculture, commerce ! and internal improvements are flourish ing.” The following figures sustain these say ! ings: Aggregate value of all prop erty in 1872 was $243,620,466 In 1871 234,492,468 Increase of one year $ 9,127,998 In 1870 value was $226,329,76!*. In crease to next year $8,162,699. In 1869 . aggregate value $204,481,706. Increase : 1868-1870 $21,848,063. There was an in crease from 1868-1869 of $14,449,535. Aggregating by these figures a total of ! $53,588,295, if correct. Everybody agrees that, Georgia was doing pretty well in 1857-8: The property was in 1857 $527,828,963; in 1858, $530,055,114. Increase, sll,- 226,151, or about per cent. In 1869, she had capital $204,481,706; lin 1870, $226,329,769. Increase, $21,- 848,163, or about 10J- per cent. So those figures, taken from the reports of the comptroller and from the Agricul tural Department at Washington, if relia ble, show, at least, that Georgia has not “grown poorer since the war,” but, on the contrary, has improved to some ex tent, if not so rapidly as she could, had middlemen not absorbed so much of the profits of farming, and had more practi cal common sense been displayed in the management of farming finances. If farmers liavo not saved more of the money that they made, the fault isein themselves uid not in their stars. W. O. T. LaGrange, Ga., August 23, 1873. EARLY’S ADDRESS, More Southern Histories of (he AVar Call ed For. Jubal Early delivered an address at tho recent meeting in Vienna of the Southern Historical Convention, held, as Governor Letcher, its chairman, said, “to vindicate our people before the world, and show that theirs was the cause of righteousness, justice, and truth.” Early, the Richmond Dispatch informs us, was “greeted with loud applause when he came forward. After a cordial welcome to his comrades from other States, he spoke ably for the importance of preserving the truth of history in general and of the late war in particular. He denied that suceess is a criterion of right, and cited various his toric examples in refutation of this the ory. He denied the proposition that wo had submitted everything to the arbitra ment of the sword, and had lost all, and drew a vivid and amuseing picture of the newly pledged loyalist trying to keep step to the music of ‘John Brown’s Soul is Marching On.’ He believed that a day of retribution to the North would come, and that the present demoralized condition of the politics of the country was but a to ken of the coming storm. The South can not escape the verdict of history. Wo will go down to posterity either as rebels and traitors or as patriots, and we must see to it that the record is right. Ha would not trust our enemies or the non combattants among ourselves to tell tho story for posterity. He alluded to various misrepresentations on the part of Northern historians, and dwelt especially upon the claim they mako that the Confederates outnumbered tho Federals in nearly every battle of the war. He scathingly reviewed the claim of Mc- Clellan that Lee outnumbered him before Richmond, and Gen. Humphrey that Lee outnumbered Meade at Gettysburg—tri umphantly refuted them by facts and figures, and said that he wondered that some Northern man did not claim that Lee outnumbered Grant at Appomattox. He quoted from Halleek’s and Rope’s dis patches illustrations of how Northern his tory is manufactured. He was very se vere on so-called Southern histories writ ten by non-combatants, facetiously showed the difference between fighting battles on paper and in the field, and insisted that the true history of the war is yet to be written by Southern men who fought it. He insisted that we had examples of true heroism unsurpassed in all the annals of history, and touchingly compared the de votion of a Southern mother in the Valley of Moorfield, who devoted a noble boy to the service of the country with the story of Cornelia, the mother of the Gracchi. He admitted that there was a dark side to the picture in the lives of those who skulked during the war, and of those who, with a good war record, had deserted to the enemy since the war ; but eloquently argued that a people who had given to the world Stonewall Jackson, Albert Sidney Johnston and Robert E. Lee, with living men worthy to be their compeers, need not fear to have their true history given to the world. He said that this conven tion was called to put on foot some plan by which these grand ends can be accom plished.” A Large Cargo or Powder. The Schooner S. R. Franklin arrived here from Boston on Sunday with a cargo of 450 kegs of powder and some other mer chandise, and moored at the Exchange wharf. Fifty kegs of this powder are consigned to dealers iu the city, bnt the balance, 400 kegs are consigned “to or der.” After diligent but unsuccessful efforts on the part of the port wardens to find some claimant or claimants, they have determined to send the powder out to the magazine, where it will be stored. In the meantime they have ordered the schooner away from the wharf to a posi tion in the middle of the river.—Savan nah Advertiser. .