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lOtllims MIIKAI.JtHtI*, l*M
Smm Urn luwumn Count-
Xae fight at Bec*#*ionvill
Tb. £ e kt ofMcixU, UI *•*■**••*
aemoraMe as foe sosbb of ©a* uM>fli •)
desperate end bloody contests of ths present
truf?l*. TflS|®OW* 1,0t * Md designs of tb •
•nay on Jfiiß Island, ilia wail known bur*
bMB seriously interfered with by Coloiel Ln
mart baitep, w|JA hM JNffit ip for w>
daysa reg Wand efteotuol fire cn the enemy’*
f ho'--’ jrasttlon, B” donbt fnwtmUag tfleir
wotetaßtl In the erection ofedditfonaJ hotter
let. To iurpri*ennd drive on/ men away from
IV* battery, of pffiMfcps to attempt its saptcrr,
as *)o *>vr entire , force Stationed there, were
rh* ia- in <- v j*cts of, their advance *d attack.—
G r forces e **toii of two eefoMfltap of La
mar’- battnli tota ■: ‘Hefy, (rapx’ere) fporifar
fog about 740 soon, tho Chariest* battellcn,
and Smith’* hattallsti.
Th* enemy, it l snpj t **d, had Waftitfo’.-nwd
if the condition of oar for** iai the i-nttery, th*
men being almost .or.p.et#!/ worn or.t, by oeo
tiqtitenu ,W- foil ttith i* ho-r'i urtn
tot a weak or ten days,
ei with BBTftr*AMd hard work in the treaofles
end in thoereotloe of new batteries.
The shelling of tbo enemy wai nleo severe in
disturbing our men’s rest M right, ft* they wert
obfycllad .0 be coaunually on their gu*rl
explosions, frequently in the midst 01
the camp. Tho defeat of the eßMiv, nftdw
these giroaafteneefl, wna indeed n triumph.--
C*.'. tuner, bowevor, naftioipetiQg oonCnek
on Ms Wtv jy, and knowing the lajjr&rta&Qn ot
the pc*!tion, os n<arching hi* uten into the bet
tery nt night, urdrr*sdthat they *bonld deep bj
their gane, ready for anion at nay moment—
;oro small demonstration of an attack bad
Vn mode by the ecom; on Sunday night.
The Cbaricntoa Light Infantry, CapL Thee
. .mom, on Sunday night were detailed o
pick i t • u .y. vad the ndeenee whew theen
omv. about uylight Monday morning, made a
odden more upon them, oaptnring rente three
or fbflr And Urine;; in the The
alarm was immediately .given, but the enemy
had also pushes rapidly forward, and had got
within three hundred yards of the bafiary by
tbe time our forces had takas their poeltiosi.
The advance force ot the consisted
of the hth Michigan regiment, who marched up
hoUlly on the double quick and made a daring
assault upanthe battery and upon oor porilion
by a bayonet charge. A® they advanced, how
ever, oar gun* were brought to baar upon them
and opened fir* with grapo and enabiter, cauaiag
SnamoT-e tarooio ihelr lines and leaving tbe
gr.und u froni o( nor eatrencbmenti covered
with (hv'.r Uthid ut.d wounded. They fell back,
but wrre very quickly driven back by the d*>-
jtrjwtivrttro oLoar Ctroec. ilelaforoement'i of
he enemy alw <.ume forward and they were re
pulsed wah heavy loir. Ail of our ueu fought
with desperation.
Copt. Bamuul /. Keed, inoonusand oi Com
puny B, (Barnffill Artillery,) Laoiitr'e regiment,
was kiHe*i by a * /lley from tho fiuomy, a bai!
strfklag hliq Ip Uie bead- Captain steed, but a
few moxuond hole hie fall, bad taken the piece
at rfco gun# of Serganpt Heggctt, cf hiscem
pv r, who uf’ bring toe first shot from tho
bn : j itn* a Mlnir ball ftrom the
env-ny ami killed*
Livv.r. Tk-ail.?rt, of the Oraagebi.rg Andiery,
lo ebr.-v. of apqtbnr go a, was wouaded, and
hlr pier? . - ‘.Utalj supplied by Cel. Lamar
him self.
Th* ‘ntanuy, whenever .upalaed*
woi.ld fall back, lo<J tbgui,bcot.% (ogether with
their !• r,i bnonej, opoued with a perteete hi.wer
of she!! anl rape and canister,
? r ’ “Qg thi; tfiort* to dti -e oar eaea from the
bafttrv r.'.gtciur.l, they naat attempted to tenk
ui an both #ideg
Col. Lmaur upon uteii ranks with
gra?-: and i akbfei fro® au eight-mob
Coluahi-ul, which jmed literally ui oat down
th*Sr column. At least <>se-i‘vunfc of
ihoir whole force at tills tus foofiMtl either
tiUod or wouad- i, and la/ upon (fee flsld in
♦for/ dlreolk-li.
The car®;-, however, *ntmued U- tight dot*
peretoly, tb© offers rallying thoir o>oe and
*'eof the* even rushing up to tha appall
aciit of the batter/, which at one time created
tbo Impression that the battery had boon taken.
Colonel Lamar win* wounded by a Miule ball,
which went through ihe toft oar, inflicting also a
Metre wound in the Beck. Ho also sustained a
•light woaud la the back of the head from bwcit
thoi Cred plentifully from the enemy's musketx-
Notwithstanding hie rounds, Cuioaol Lamar
ooatlaaed with hit command till the oloee of tbo
fight.
Both xidtt Were reinforced during iht con
test.
The following force* oo our aido wore on
*fod: A Battalion of Colon/-1 Lamar’* Regi
ment; the Charleston Battalion; Smith's Bat
ul.oo. Louhmon Battalion; Ifotaw Regimeat,
Colonel Goodlctt's 23d Regiment, S. C. V.;
Hugiod’* Hi .neat, cud 47th Georgia Hog -
ment.
The fire<f of |L<* enemy is auppoecd to have
of live regimrau—the Hth Michigan.
7rt- V v Yuri:, 7sth Hightnadcr, od Khode la
aod.frui Mu'*ucl)U"eiW, end a detachment of
b” 4Ttn Pennsylvania.
i* :• :|iO's<..f, *u the present hurried aar
rxtfftj.to givv itinrd than a general notice oi
ih- importaut j. : i that each rcmiaeut and bat
ulion !.vk u this brilliant action. AU nr
court* agree in -tating that odiccr* and men
scteil most jaiiamiy. To the majority it i*
their Lim trial oa the battle field under the
-lenliy Ore ol aa enemy Addle this the didi
uh nature of the ground, tight fog in the wood*
•ad marching through and the M*ul
.•really u oud#r;ui.
rtia nxuativa Losxat*.
s*ur total K.va, an Hearty nv e ca* asv crtnin,
wa*.. oi 40 In.tod oud JOO wouaded. The
•neoiv * ** ** we** iar hv!*r. We buried,
VOjU-rday, on* huudivd and forty dead Yan
kees tii iipu.-t tho held, to# any Yankees,
> *tiig tb* ilemynat.oM as one com non to the
wool* army ol the invader*; but, In truth, the
*aan wku did the fightiag against Us yefttenfßty
•Aioruiog wer t.vany ail Utttopans, and, to
thaLnonarnmn of gk* dead, the Svoitmb type
was markedly predominant. W captured
seventy prisoner* Aa for the number of the
.-my wounded,, no correct cMimste can be
and* t*:.id to g*t rid of th* nntveteom* tank
ul *<r.ug for maimed vsnd.l*,our meu suffered
thea*iny's atebuinaoes io approach within
point binr.k rang* of th*fr guns and to carry
off th* wo-juded. who bav* auutherwd
tkraa haitsiretl, at least.
I'tMk i Mevphb.
Tb* Memphis Argus of the U*tb asserts most
positively that If iny rulon s*nUm*ot exists h
Mvmphi >, other than among a sow in Ih* low*
ost classes.!. ha? net yet t**n dev*Uped The
almost nfter abiwao* ofanythiig akin to sym
pathwtto fee!’ 4i for thesld Calea cannot fall to
bersntiuk'-d by the r4ora!s themimlvaa, while
it has only proved a hat wo have said Use and
ajuie. Our people, uaabls to resist forte te
fore*. qutoHy submit to a powwr at proeoct tee
strong for them, and Lb doing so eotdel them
. rivet with that etlm, quiet digalt;- s* bebui&g
their s or. and it ion.
The •am.” pappr adds: “Thus far Ifia Fodoral
eomaandcri and soiiiery have conducted thorn
selvas iu • cascner ueex. sptionahl* to tho peo
ple. Io long as tbatr present e> 4ut Is main*
uined, there wilt >e no rlasbw with tb* ciu**s
A spirit of rlr* norm etismd lb Memphis, and
can only be oftl*d Ifito Ufis bf pertoeßtfoA.
He fcictaw a! m Ci/UreJ Privaiwsow.
W lea? that Uur* hd oeu gfo., vadlr, in
private *®sn of the Je - I)av! •
staling tha* they are now at Fortrc lfot'.rv ,
waitlß.tr th 1 0 Oichangex The New Yf kjlen
of tho Vth inat, In alluding to thin mr. ‘er, m •
Another leappoiotmenf hP oenctHseu
unaKounUbiean I* waauafdlr—in procuring the
release 0* CoL tlorror&a ami the other officers
held a# hoptagos by the vein!* for lb*, privateers,
mec in the r • anion *f our <iover;*m<;nf i *
sw*nevr Maoiachaserte wm vent - t • Jq.
hiver vo Sunday u City foiat wit* Mm pfi?u
nmraen on IpMird, an the Own. Hu
ger tbet tho Cgfriu ofllc • would b* >rehang*d
tor them , but wh'-u the boat nrr,n. i iboro
officers at. ..... i^Ucvominff, afthougs atnu .
cars, bearmg a dag O* tr *, atne down from
Peterel :rg to receive the privateersmen. Cel
Wfilppie very prvporiy refused u> gi/Q thorn up
until Cel. Ocreoraa and
ered to blen, A eommuoieatiea wn tnen rent to
the rtbol Oovernm at asking an explanation
Answer can * back to the effect that tyn. uger
ereeeded bU authority, and that farther confer
enc* would be neceeiary baforc the etchaOgt
eculd be eeajp'eted. It was immediately repli A
by tke flag < f tmeo \4to* that th’y would remr. u
stClty Polo’ a reasunalle tim*, \tx tidor for the
proponed further confereno*. Thir vm ont to
-be War Depart moot at Richmond, and aa fan
mellate answer wai promised t>o paMncbexet'’
<be waited until thanext day wlffccat wptivlx.g
sc/ farther eoinmonloation, wh< j, aitar
4 boat and learning that nobbing *-a
erpected from Rlobmond, she ~tortrd on iier rt
nrw down he -Ivor.
rt spirit of she South.
The jpeetteie to-day predated by the peo
ple of the South fn resisting tho invasion of
her soil, {s among lfc grandest ever recorded
upon the page* of history. Wl.erov* rwe look
v/e find the greet mnsaee of the people
in their drnfre nnd fearless in the dt,rfmoc
tlon, even rurid the gloom of defeat, to eon
tinue thiewnr forever, before they uri! c onscoi
to the humiliation, and degradation of *i>rrt*.n
dm. The Memphis Appeal, in eaeimg a took
over the country, tayr of the spirit of oui
people
We find the sparse of ‘ nr people like that of
Pruiiia lu her thirty years war, riain;; with
the enigeneies of the criais. From the Poto
ma': •o the Rio Grande, the edict htn gone
forth from the people, that what noisy,
they wf]l be free, and the bUaiug lioniirce from
a full million bales of burning uotlun
their terrible spirit of determination.
The Old Dominion has gpoken in tonus ot
thunder, and her voice in, that the capital knll
be protected. Our hosta are marshaled around
its seven bills, nudthe vow has tieen recorded
|hnt, If Rjchtnood must fall, it will bo amid a
hbower of ! urating botnb** afiur untold tcfpoiu*
of iia de.endere have been felled to the eartli
Georgia, too, aohoei the decree us Virginia,
end Savannah ia to preeont to the historian’ \
oye of esaohlng ruins before 1 become
tbe habitation of the Heseian invader. No
determined ij 3outh Carolina nnd the de
fradare of Charleston, wboee van prepgrationb
indicate the extent of th* (hut will
be made to the powerful naval fleets and land
forces of the enemy.
But it bun been reserved for the
young “Volunteer fctate”of this war, to give
practical illustration to tb spirit of the oymh
Vicksburg, her laigest and most populous city
ha* been almost completely debited by lu> pn
triotlc cUizenu, and alreudy the lwu>- rdrueut
of its houses has btru conameoced. “Missiu
sippfans,** proudly responded the fu tUful Au
try, to (he iasoleot domaad of the foe. “don’t
know, and refuse to learn, how to aurresiier
to an enemy “* This bold seat.naent, no wor
thy of the true Southron, will win for olate
of Its author a historic fame that cat. ewverdio
while the onnnS of thit* (evolution ere rend
aod rcateliibered.
■•mr We are In receipt of Ifafpcr'g Weekly,
of the 7th insl. It ie full or ‘ tuber niustra’
tioea, among winch are acu# • rare” sped
oaoa* of ”secesh M Industry, su.-L a* a gob’et
made from a Yankee kui , a paper weight of
a Yankee jaw bone, necklace aad h*d wreath
of Yankee teeth, u reading -leak formed of a
•keletoa of aome of Lincoln’s “hired min*
for.*,” furs formed of Yantxec eealp* end
heard, foe., foe. ft also contain* \ rich of
Cold Harbor, nine mite* from Richmond, near
Ooft. McClellan * headquarter*; McClellan’*
camp at Cumberland, and several ik#tcfie*“of
tho army on the TfnacMec river. It contain*
a photograph of Wm. A. Jackson, ib** ei
coachman of Pridcat Davit, who fled to the
enemy, with a sketch cf the black rascal’* life.
Jackson represents tbe Confederacy ns about
’‘played out;” that tho Preaident is much d.v*
heartened and querulous; fond of cotaplaioing
of the want ©f popular support, ar.d was down
hearted about the fiituro. Jackson spun Gtra.
McDowell ta yarn which pleased hitn add the
Northern people very meek, and ingratiated
Jackson lato their good gra<*w.
The Weokly has a dispatch from Vic ksburg,
•taxing that the women sad chilurea had barn
ordered frem the nity. Com. Kerr eg ut ha* not
been at Vicksburg yet. end from present up
penrance* he is not likely to V* t u
WWlWf| Wiiig,
Hoxtiii rot thu Bloc*a*b ‘—Wo acknwoi
*dgetl r receipt of a sample of block ado goods
ior making Bhnlrer Bonnets, manufactnrJ by
Mr** Richard A Peoples, of ValduatA. The
goof* Atr nad* by weaving in the tiiMiel way,
%%*lr : ordlnrr- v.arp and wiregrtss for the fill,
iag.
From v.'hat we can judgt u wiil mako as
good l enacts as tboe brought heretofore from
Ysrkeelhnd. and ie much :>r*ttier. Mr*. Pee
pi**? deserve* erea’ credit lor enegy aud in
deatrv, m thus coutributicg to luc neceseaiea
of the times in sd valuable a way.
Surely the war will proven bleasiug. instead
of a curse to the South in the end. Sever
would her ireoetirces havj. been developed, but
for the troubles through which We are now
paaatng. Let ua cr ake those l/mbtheemcibie
cat of which We ot* coin* refiued tied purl
t*d.— Tk Enterprise,
Mbg for Fim.
The rd*ra! at Mmcphis ms p.*yiug the
sftom gat&s that t v sy bar* dor.* !wh*t*, aad
are cndeaTcring to buy pubUc invar b> furoiah
itg uvh supplier as hare Leva scar*.’* and d*ar
tn-tbe Confodara •/. Cuffs© they arc totalling at
twenty cents per pound, i*i small lots, whi.-fi of
•oorro is oa duce fur prof t, u .i the last Louisville
quotations were fully M high. The desire is up
pnrMt, hut wcicars will fall to ncoompiieh u*
ohnugo they expected. Tho people may avail
tbentialvt* 0 f the articfoji at.'aiod w tmfoc, b u
tb*y w!!l roaaalß true to tiolr cause.
We beard of an inrtußca in whu?U a uawsboy
exhihitod whs gene,* 1 fosl ag by his actions.—
He ma t* tppllontlaa -a ana ot the boat,; for n
dollar's worth of cofrs, wo fob L# peio t. #ttu
a rcr dollar Touur*cc hill, rooqlriag so •bung*
nlue dollars In silver Oa ranch ii. iho iaadtog
tho coflne was abandaaed by the ycuagatcr, who
ißfovmrd the Yeukuq trader that it woj the eslvur
bt wauted lastsuecs of annoyances of this
character ere freo •ot. ~Mrm P ku Appeal.
A dtrpM.-h ha - been cent to ihil pfo. r fro®
Rresideat Davis, alluding ia indignant terpta tv
at article lu the Raymond Uutatte, implying
ibot hr ba< his cotton oo tha Mi*.
•isstyV* that e| hb noighWrx has bmn
**etr*;oi. Ho stator ‘hat engaged as bo is, bj
j re*sic; public daUea, ho ha given no artea
ifon In his private affairs, am eapj...#d that
his cotton had boon dostroyed by tho military
awtbotwe, as thole instraotioas wore perempto
ry to barn oil wkLh to la vUngsr of oaptur# by
the *aomy.
W* learn that hit eatie arop box been do*
drsH-liikMi UJxriMipp la*.
‘■ itsportftßt from ,es fleiicv
l-a|is *r Cit i . Jnn* 7^lß#l.
Tfc float . 1 t, iriih date” to the 2ffrfc ult.,
i ho Tesar:* hau ranch*:-: M*i*ilh
th fits ; f .rtlll< ry aud anven wngnna
ft raid t .jipto* at Port Pi 11 more te re
-jrnitff alrexh uni’ I nergler, they will continue
their home ward L< md march. General Sibley
ia repuriad to beat fort Blisi, far in advance of
h’socmmar.d, tnlflnp eareof hitr.self. Captain
r ‘ / ‘ followed tha trail of tbe enaiay’s
t* ’ I fb-.x it near avi dene * -Tf.sttflor
'ng ind destlrntlcn frc.ui on* nn<ito the othar.—
- mieretnu r i of tn -n aad been found which hod
nr.: Ur r nterr* l, whila oi hers, partially interred
1 ■■• id beep a ,y t:v:cied by wolves sad the flesh de
voured ‘
Ttta tu.ua ot wmr mh. .in<hianee* n fien
md GiundaDC*-oi • lothiry und arms, careaases
of muis* and horse 1 aonrked the line oi their rs*
retreat, Great di&cunteat prevailed among the
people of the Territorj, owing to shepartlal d.s
bandor'ng'f ‘bevolnwte^r*.
i rt Craig adti -n • ;be 24Ui state that ear*
‘7 a tbe looming c. tho :ij&, Captain Tillford,
wbo wa.j rationed with thirty cr forty men on
the oast aid** us th* Kto Grand*. s**vew miles be
low Fort Craig, ree'MVfda *uaacaoa* to surraii
ren lar from a band o’ -oO Tsxaaa, supposed to
be ntragyliag bands oi guurilla* of Llbboy’s
command, lie refused,to do *o,;snd ’nmediatsly
p-ire bnttlr -id foaybtthree hours, whet- he ra
tri-inc f i- J’l/rt Craig, with a loss of three woan
dr ... Li too of fhis men were drowned while
ceoa ng ho river. Tho Texans’ ioss is not
•mo rn Two companies of C< .uradu volontoerp
anuibilatuly went *i ; - iufr of tho Texans.
AW KV>r*r Jfv.lti.
Prom th Leavenworth Oonaorvative, Juno 4.
PtWKIL r.EPOlit mi (KKANS4S.. .INMANS il|S
m was mi.
D> .Mi’ the pft three days Gen. rilunt bar
beer* re riv ,• tolligenre, by telegraph and by
rttooootiffin*, oi anew and important rebel move
to* -t in ArfcnT?*9. it will be rcrolleoted that
Gov. i’rotor published o few weekag:o, a proc.
1h u! \( 0 declaring that Arkansas bad received
no pror- ,i in from the ( nfederate Govemmei.t,
no i th- Ueruafter rho would rely upon her own
tight arm. This prociainsiiow was ridiculed by
the-press as manifesting anew and ridiculous
attempt at seceding from recession. Il is now
rendered certain that Go?. Rector was in denti
•sctml.
The i.rtert advieci nto tn tbe e/lect that hl ap
peal has keen responded to by the people. By
coir.l nlnrr the remnant of MeCulloeh's old fbre*,
bv indiao* and by new conscription* , an army
of twelve -iiouaand men bin* been collected,—.
They have twenty.live pistes of offiller; . The
reU . to companded by Kate, rich?nwait and
Colley, (t was tbe purposo of tbe leaders to
Luve ibis foroe at fort Bmitb /.rkan.-nr, ir.st
Friday, Aiay JOth. From that.point they intend
tr >ve to Cowskln Frairie, near the line bo
tw’ cn Arkansoii and Mi- uuri. Cow-Gin Prairie
id la MwD<naJu couxr.y, the oxtrerae Bomb
western county of Missouri, nnd about seventy*
five juitwfrom Fort Smith. The country over
which tbo rebels must march is inu h brohes
uml badly adapted for tbo rapid movement of
troops.
Tftfs fritelligeoce. ‘rioc- ..'ills, need create
no m in Kan. & . The i.uruioander of the do*
pxrt / vot is the tnan oi att others for tbe erne. •
jreu .T. Ho l:n -stravolod over every foot of the
{ -otiml, cut ltcowe Uurongbly tbe taotic/t to be
0 • ‘f tvnrd ; neb a foe. There are still thou*
rr.'.. “ftrotipfl in KaD'U‘. well drilled and well
an- -i; rHeiftare ut tun regiments in MD
tcvr'i tbac can en.Aily be concentrated at Fort
Bcort. Trt .“.riillery vre nr o puculiar'y fortunate,
havlo;.; ('ff'i"tiVe hfitcrle.’ od a la’ge nunber of
giint, •
Geo. Bh* twill otnUiiosui rccavuryn i-ukc
ocr trep/* fßoionf.
By the evgcaatien of r inth tbe rebel force
will be itiniftA**4 rather v a/i Uiuiiimhed. The
.-■ddfetit of Mli’oari, Texai, and Arkan/u.’ will
naturalty Teturr. U tho .ialaity of their owo
hoino'’, dfiortti'ncil to cave them although Beau
regard rotre .t fr'. /ve And they may be fol
lowed up the Arkuaj .s by that fleet 4 guahoats
whir’, h :'j AcrcrsJy pr-eated ty Font.) und Fara-
RQt
In view of Micro fact*, it will not be at ail uu
rrcbfil V If the border war la.*ts thi-ugh the
ar.d the lam of the mo?( desperate con*
fliefv trhc place on the ach where treason drst
soar ifeitod he? hellish pnrpomv.
Jack HtoWx'i Rxtr.M ext.—Thin Regiment
completed it* organisation on Mnoday, by the
election of the following officers
Jhp.L- Brown, Colonel; Cl. R. Hunter, Lieut.
Colonel * Chsrle-* J. Harris, Major.
They are now encamped oo the Reserve just
below tito Central R&.iroad bridge. Wr paid
them n visit yesterday, and were much pleased
with tb** appearance of their camp. The men
are generally robust nad viycroti* It is a
*pttndri regiment, and will doubtless do the
Coatedi*racy good sorrice.—Afocen Ttb£raph t
ll th.
Tit find it Mi.
Late advices from Mexico in the Northern
papers report the overthrow and flight of the
Juarez administration, nod the elevation of
Almonte ns Prrsiden. of th* Republic, under
the protection of ta- bench army. Almonte
i.s said to have been elected by the vote* of
five office.one sorKesui and twenty “even
men. The Preach were moving onward and
• tpemecl to t>u in the Capital by the tenth of
May. Vera Cru*, Orizaba, Cordova and Puebla
had pn uonmHKl for Almonte, and it wn* wp
l*osed Mexico would do so before the French
could arrive there. They had mrt with little
re*i*tir# Corwin, the V. 8. Minister, had
rou lotted a treaty with the J oarer govern
irtfluu tnt tit*i P'verument would f>e entirely
defunct before the tteals could rone h Wa*h
•iiigtun.
B !. arrivals Irv/n XoriivUle, ws loaro that
Ani; 1 ohnson 1? puttlop: lown the heel of op
prcs-lnif njron cur ye pit, with a fearful tread.—
Hohj-i .nr o ‘WtppHep of water and
ganftun. -.bepvupl* io the v'ty, who refu.-w to
|.%lte the o.irh rs ullcgtaut -bay, he refuses tu
hllow u v -mo tr carry : uoy trade or businosc,
or buy r.uy articles ftum th* country ueceasary
inr tho cactciiHD o of lift, except to suoh oi toko
tbu > ut’. of nUejriftocs to the government ot the
bided h’mb. How long 1 Oh how long, *ball
this ert- !ty b* borne * When J%|U our legions
b<- turnc . loose t the vile reptile and his
r: ii- -! May lied speed the day of retribu
tion , acd may tho dire t veuijeanco bo mated
•ut to # tho vile scoundrel, #nl jll who übei him
tb b!, work cf tyrann;. tad death Yi iff— n
Coa/erfedey.
lltHWf'l’ OrttiATiodr wit* tk -Sraox.—
the *‘T. r York Herald nays:
Siu. rGoc. l!attack took iNKumnud at Pitts
bury T.amttng, *ir arm;-- hn built, in re.iible as
j tho story may soond, dtcru than fifty miles uj
•r tn r.ohnsertt, and full two hundred miles of
w igvu Tomdr ! Four parallels, cook more than
twelve miles In lengtb. three or four reads—
fide, oordnro.rcd aud bridged—leading from tbo
lundhig to r-oeh cn.j)# sforoia# oU the works of
our mm, many of whom neve*- before bandied a
pndc ran ai* so all thuir livas.
The diia-.iga Tims? says t Leer is s magaalno
Yorkrown, late by thaConfoduratm, which has
not yot Keen opened, every one fearlog that
*em* secret spring will blow it ap. It is under
stood,however, that It will beundertoMed.
Hcno.—The Southern Confederacy says, yes*
ttrday afternoon seven wore of tbs ongtns thieves
wore hung near this city. They re a psrtioa
of the party of M that arrived here la strings a
f*w days age. They arere all 04]ones. We have
‘tot learned thsir unni—
Ihs iuktt fir.. is Itltfaiore.
Ti*a V .akevs of tic .‘<urtn f*evr *i. unUfi 1
natc fattiiiy m* ruti'.ing -.lark cad upon the
rccyiptOJ 1 n tci• ■(• ..j (tiuomor 10 any oft he
“ Armies of tfin *Ln on.” Likr a rabid doi.
from water, hey lurr. itbat th* truth with
bound, ttod run about tbe streets ot thvWiti
clapping In the face, tcatin;r and knotting
dowu lboe of tb**ir follow ma wn are lu uy
••rough not to b*- uiflir.ied i.kt* unto them.
With the “oianie on thetn. ’t!,ry iamber |n
tt.- roofs utl.ceo oi doubtful lov
ally” and dingout the eusigu ot their uiaduc>s|
thou descend, choke the proprietor to he
keen*, enter tbe private sanctuaries of home
drive forth the occupants, aad < h;i-f tt/en.
through the streets. AH’ this hettwne sora*
one of their own ilk tails w*th his follows n
tome th.evmg, negro-aiealin* operation tn
\ . -jrihla
We are. ther.-t. ;r u • -urpn-ed to sec the
mania ha appealed in Bt ttmotc in a very 10
lent form. The defeat ot riaak*. and the bag
giugof Knr.’.y’* entire Firs’ (Yankee)
regiment (every taaq of -m, nccordln; 10
th*- Clipper, v, .* :: hero; w< the u’ .turtle
ca v* o it. T. truth allpp< i>ut and bit
someone, a.'.d th.- v/fcofo uion population,
an*! th Yankee sol*! rs of :upati*.n, ran
with him. For*^r;;h,ifth rti't- didn’t
weep oirr A., ; 4is*V’ the hero of a br-.ce
of. l e or- *'.o Pot mac and the Guar
<’ lof the ‘ .as! they wqu’d make tiiein
weep. They ibcuidn’t go about tlieirl't
witL dry eyes :.■■■[ smiling 0 <•*•*• v/!ule Union
hecd.M were bowed and L'ni~.n ey.*- were weep
inf. No sirs ! Y’ou shall “ weep with those
that weep,” and no*, “fjoic'* with thoa<’ that
rejoice.” Ar.A *h**v r,tu tghtway f?l! upon poor
BeceH?ie an ,-egna putn- ling him as little
l*.yaoftP’ pound tfecir follow* nt school for
igUga.iifr nt each others cries rmd twara afler
iU<’ M’hc r imaatei has turned them over his
knees. Ai.d Dseesfla fared badly, and numer
ous weir the kinked nose* and eye* iu the
morning. The New York Herald fell* 11* that
in the case of u butcher numr*! Kirk, the mob
applied bit own vocation to tin* person, poun
ding up cm hnsii into a “chop’ and nN face into
a • uiuttcn jc ly.” *• So.” tbe Herald •dde >
•‘they butchered him.” Another, the reporter
01 the Maryland Newt Sheet, wa* cha*el for
squares by soldier with side arm** aad rwrfir*
with ofbbt, who cried •• kill him:” ‘‘ktll t ’%
at tiirt kMl*. With exhrtUuied breath the fu
gitive turned, nnd stood on it*e defensive— a
thing S. c.'‘io la never exy tr lto do—and
*-tai*'tjU severely two of lu* potiucr-* N*vw
here was an outrage’ It <kmind?d the nt-J
tention of at least a **< ore I*” •?* po: - _
men, who lounged likn loufo?* * l * turner*, i
looliirig at the “sport ” 1 hey ..-u ( j th*? *‘d- }
see<**su>nit” whe d-*.rctl ud* lui/***tf. nnd ,
ji .•*! bun tot pwl ctf stMtioo, the raM.ie so .
lowing, prumtng itti !* nrr like !
wo ve* that howl uml whi. <- sui fsl! >non and
tear e;t**h utlie 1 when they ‘#* a a*c**l of hi- 1
man flesh escape- tl-m
And the** Uu* “*pett” wet if from day tudaj. J
I* m the bnut us foe Beee?<lonrts, ftio t
gsw*e ia lull iwuiAoa. It war the tbr.he*i huf’y
ukirtrf oat su spite wtt an innneeal *>pe<*U! r ;.
tbegonvrd hull rusbttt'jopft*} the weskeit cf tbe ;
herd; 1 •blippsd Hn*Vaid the Lincoln Got-*
eratneb’ r rt ••*■ ‘ugu-r* expending tbsir wrath!
ujM*r, il • >■ ,y B!rliu.>re and Its Southern j
cili;:.a. 1 bey are to be fraught to Teprr ♦ tb*
douthan leeliag in their hearts at the suecesa of
their brethren m brad, aad to carry m lie <;a their
tsee and a ralee badge on tbelr bosum. This is
the seer t < f tbe moekery of th* Union a* now
held together *’ ttr Ifo-ih by the Getorntunei.
Tbeyrw* m t so- •'; reality If theThavebu j
outvmrd rt-c • •aitii.n and *eoMance oflt -B H J
Ijs. 4th.
A .New Irui-tiad
and Ist *nt tier of Leslie's New V >ik%*tra
td pep or give** *u ate .oat of the
Uo orbing if the Ycnke* iron clad frigate New
Ironsides. Aa tbls *.c*el may by leteode?! to
operate hereabouts, m mndensad aecouot of her
dimeoTi r.*, Mreov a Arraaiuerit, 4e , will not be
üßinfrf’
it * dc4 l* 34U i**#*! foog, feat
eli, and k.> V; ie**p Her fr*tua *<4 ul wt ti
.**, fd*d iu and uialkcd, and th* average
ihle.tfoiM be- de.N Ls iu ractie-. The Iroa
platlßg coutueßoe* st*p tut four feet bulr.* the
aui v .foe audss ucds lu hu spor deok. Tbe
lower course is three iaefcci; ail the rest is our
and a hall holies thiek. Tbe urtnaraem wifl
conil*; ot Id eleven lo< b Bsblgran gaes on tbe
deck, and two iui pounder Parrott gun? on
the d.'ok. Thu port huU will be closed by
iron etteil, fife loche* think, worked from the
inside.
I thulcK aea>gciug *iverapt # intended te
?a<'. as well a* .*t*aui, *ho aiU have three masts,
and b hurk ringed; hg topmost* an*i yard*
beiug *u arranged that in action they am low
ered, and have run ply ike ibrec lower m**td m
view V? hen in aeflua ell the men n board are
prefixed from shot and shell, and are below the
*pa-deck, ike cumuouder only i above that
dec!., *m i he occupies a shot proa* iron lookout*
which rice? above tbo par dvc ii, ami from which
tho oar e all ohjc. , and by cig
aal communicate with the officer* below.
Unlike the Monitor and Galena, this vessel
cat. carry a large crew, sufficiently so to board
an J capture *a> veanol. lrnp;uu:*bl to shot
•ud Hbeil, sho will eek vi.* action, aud by
mean- of her iron prow *tak—or by hor heavy
gan- <-ap u-e—her opponent. Her lighi uiaft
ci osior, It* loan wDleaebiaher ‘o eiiu-r heuth*
era harbors.
i4afc*.. .MaUf.
A aberr • *i.f.-vsr*y is going < e among Uie
AtfokU ed i In louuUiok torg* fr igfits i tobec
Cos *a>d to> coaling iu Mmutn. The ‘-olni to
dispnie is, whetbor the roto -oo i... u&pfv law
ful Confederate dc.uard or whether it h rent
here i the expectation of finding au early and
profitable buukeu market by th# capture ot .M
-bile. Let our Georgia cotrop,>rrrle* save iheir
ink and wraiU. for the whelv falter tx a foiapOvt
in a teapot. Vfe can cssore them if any
liters have uis.de up their winds that they can
get Uar vestures to Yankodaud rt> Mobile,they
will be badly bitten ia the speculation Mobile
is not going to be surrendered nor eaptnrvd.—
W© know what wo say, aud could prove it to our
Georgia friends, if prudence would permii. That
we are to bo attacked by land nod watvr or by
both is who: we have a right <• evpeot end do
confidently axpci-t Be come when he will, by
laud or wate., Picayuuu Butler will a
Tartar” iu toi- city. The Vkattples ot Now Or
leans. Vkmurg aod Drury’s BIL buve not
1 sen (brew* away upeu u-.
Ho let th* toturco com# afoaf iWnkiic K*j.
Ifaox Mcus-nis. —A letter from Memphis, da
ted the lltfi, *•>•* —“The l ederai forew have
itoeu but little moreased slave you left, but they
talk ebon*, and evidently seeu to he for,
!rgeacoeai ns te their preset strength, both of
gunboats nad cavalry and infantry. lau told
they are i N ni!mg large qo—tßimof geuwrel army
stow. They say wen are io be brought
to thk city and sent to the Ulterior ot Misussippi.
AU is quiet, so for as tha fed* arc ooacerned,
but th for log, garrotmg. eto., are us mighty oc
tiusraaca.
Hitu nr Pomot —Froia an* bum lLa ii
of July ocxf. tkc rain or Po.tagc will ba a*
foliotaa for .-.ary Lenar not rnrxliu half
an ouaco >a weight, uocv.yeg m ika mails lor
aay durance wufciu ike Cuctnierei* Siiki,
ibero a ball or ck.rgad to ceara. Ami rer eae
ry addition*! naif ounce ia weight, or addi
iiooal weight or leas ikas kalf an ounce, tkere
•ball beebarged addmoaai amglc postage.
Hcrgaaa J. P. Logaa, Chiaf Surgaon of the
LUiury D.arete: of Gaorgba. ass resigned ibnr
poaitioa an aoauaal of Unpaired kealtk and will
be aaoeeadad kg Bargaoa B V. j|. HrHer. lata
*•* Georgia Baglam-Gca. *.
CUM Hut a. tivriluiAi.Jlhf *l,l^-’
- —— • -y- — ; — -rr-T , r - r ‘ ~y~.T .
Cim^uiktle
KxUE>i'ti*K 1” . 1
-M UUdf evj^ t Ga, May 6, 1662., j
Uinn H IK 1 tmvc the honor to acknowi
euge the receipt ol your favor of the 28th ult.,
m <ply to my letter to you upon the subject
<A Tb*: Conscriptioo Act. I should not trouble
vojf with n reply, v/#re it not tbu riiK iple*-
are involved of the oust vit ! 1 vter, upon
1 ic maintenauce of which, iu my opiaion, de
pend not only tborjghtu and hO .ui clgr.jy of the
ritatn, but the var, tiMvovo ot stale Go?
erumeui.
While lam Wtweya happy ** n fnd vicnai to
render you any assistance ui toy power, in the
discbsTgeuf the aborioua nod responsible du
tie/* you, and while 1 am satisfied you
will bear tcatiraooy tht 1 hove never, as the
Executive of thu* mate, tailed in a (logic in
stance to luruteh ail the men, and more than
you knve called for, and to assist yon w ■ 1 all
the other menu* at my command, 1 car.aot
consent to commit the diate to a policy waich
is to my judgment subversive o! nei AO’ er
e guiy, and at war with alt the principles for
the support of whiob Georgia eutered iuto this
revolution.
it mav oe taid that it is rut time to discess
cuostitutiunai in the m u*t of revo I
lution, and t*.at ftiate rights aad Stale Over
eignty must yield ?or a lime to ;he Inyher law
of oeces;ty If tbt* i safe p melple of
action, it can act certaioly apply t < 1 tbe ecf*
say is shown to exist; and 1 Hpprehend u
would he a dangerous policy to adopt, were we
to admit thu: those who are to exercise the
power of teli.iig aside the Constitution, are to
be the judges of the u-;**rty for no doing -
Bui did tbe aece"">ity exwt in th.s cnae 1 The
Coo script: ■• Act cannot aid tbe Go citmem
in inaiwaaiug )ta supply of nrai* or
but can only enable it to call n larger number
of men iuto tbe held. The difficulty has never |
been to get rneu. The Stales have already j
furnished the Government more than U
arm, and have from the*r own means armeu
and rqu.pped very large number* lor it. Geor
girt hm* nut only turnhedmore than yoahave
asked, and nr mod and equipped, iroui t.-er own
treasury, a large proportion of tho.-e ha has
f*eut 10 the Held, but mho stood ready to lurnUh
promptly her quota (orguuixed u the Consti
tuttou provide*/ ot any additional number
culled lor by the Ff • *idal.
1 beg leave agaiu to luvut: your attention to
the national question involved. You say
tn y;:r idler, tha; the coawuuwoiitiiity ot tf*
act .** <• -riy not derivable from the pow. rto
ci tb# pj.U’.is, but iron* tha: to raise r
---unr4 Let ii* stsiWM thi* lor u mo ieut.—
The secnou ol the Ist nrtici# Oi tbe Cou-
Mi’.utiou demies the power of Congress. The
iltu pi.'agraph of that eotson declares, that
U>ugress * , -hall . v: power .0 raise aad sup
port unuirv ‘ i airgraph 15 gives Congress
|Hwf .y provide or calling forth the militia to
execute the taws y( the Confederate Slates,
*1 oppress ihMi>re*:fkma, and repel invasiona.—-
F,*ragr.jph Ih gives Ck/ugress power to provide
lb. orgauuiug, arming ami discitdmiQg the
militia, and for governing such part of them
as utay be employed in the service ot ibe Con
fedenite State*, reserving to the ."state.* respect
ively the appointment ot the uttn era, and the
authority of tiHiuing the anlit'.A, ui cortlmg lu
the discipline prescribed by 1 ongrt-*.
These gruut* of power all relate the *aue
piihject matter, and are all cuuUmeO in (he
same *0 ‘ >n ol tue Cotiul.iutiuli. aud by a well
knov a rule • >.un*unotion, mu*t Le inkcu tu*
a ‘ bolt uni cuumi ued together.
It w .uldKom qbitc clear, tbu. oy the grant us
power by Congroa* tu ./ oud £ im port armies,
wuboUt qualification, Un* hum* u ot the Co
.tti.utiuo mtsri4J u regular ariuioe t : tbaCoa
fodarary, and not tht ota.vs It nil the power
given m tb** u*r**o parogtaphu aho-.e is in
fact runbracod in the fit* i *a u gouvio* words to
rai*’ wraites, tiUsu tbe wibsi twu pi*. ogrophs ate
ttiore arpHUsgi-, nu the lrainus ol the U'tiiti
luiioi were gull'/ ,wi the Jolty of moovpirating
into the instruo ent unmeaning pbrseas. Who's
tbe State*, by tbe Ifiih paragiapb, expre*?iy and
oare’.illy reserved to thtniuu% Ar the right lo
app**:'K tb ffi* er< of the aki'itiu. übou oupl* y
**. in tho ervioa of th Confodarote fckevss, it
was “erteir.lv never couTmplnte*l thut Go ogre**
bad power, should 11 become ue eeeary to cal* the
whole militia of the into the service of th*
Confederacy, to diruet that tbe President should
appoint (eoonsieeion < &') th .fficarsuf the mill*
l a thus callad iato service, under the gensrai
language contained in tbe previous grant ot
power to raise arm- :/. If tbb can be done, the
very object el the .Slate r> re*--riug the power
of appointing the officers, id defeated, unduat
portion of the CoastitnUon Is not uni/ a anility,
but the whole military power of tbe ®ta es, and
the ertiroroßtio! of the militia, with the appoint
ment of the officers, Is vested in the Confederate
Governtne'st. trber it bo*'*d to rail its owo m
lien “rah.ng ati unav,” and not ’•eallteg for the
mil Hip..” 1* it fair to coaclade th*it tbe States
intended that fllse referred powers aould he
defeated in a matter so vital to coa'titntionol
liberty, by h mere ebaege in tbe n#e of terms to
designate the art? Coagre.r'i shall have power
jlo rtkw Krmiws. How shall It be done f The
ia dear. In conformity te the i>revision*
of the Ceastiuitlue, which #xpre*al/ grwvides,
that when tbe m'l.tia of *the Mutes are called
forth to repel iavaeiun, .< <-atployed in the *er
vkw of the Couietiorate citate* (which is oow the
ca.>#,i the alnte* ehnJi appoint the officer-* Isl
this is Joo< the armj is raised • directed bf the
Const an ion, aud the reserved rights of (be
Niaies are rerpectcd ; bat if the oft)core of th*
militia, waen railed forth, are sppotated by the
President, the army composed of the militia is
not ra sed as directed by tbe utico. au >
the re-*rved n>;hM of the States me di -reg *xdv-I.
Tho larthers of th# Republic in If*? ?bow*d the
ui woe eoticitade on this very point. In the
dir -uiMiou io the Conventicn on the adoption of
the paragraph iu toe Qo*lt*Uouthis tfoitfd
Stales, which wehnvr rej*tod aid ado; ted with
out alteroiioo, iMr. k'Usworth nid • “The whole
authority over th* militia c-jght by mo meaus to
betaken away from tha States, whose cooseqaenre
would pine away to aothingattar such a sacrifice
ot power “ In oxplanataoa of the power which
tho committee, who reported this - cragraph to
the Conveotiou, intended by it todebgato to the
General Goverumeot, when the militia should be
employed ia Hie service of tbe (ficveraxMQt, Mr.
King a uieuaber of tbe committee said: “By
organising, the committee meant proportioning
the offievre t*u,i mvu , by .inning, th*- kind, sits
and calibre of arms , by disciplining, prescrib
ing ihv manual cxurcisu, evolution,, Ae.”
Mr. Gerry objected to the delegotioa of the
power, ercu this explanation, and said : “This
power in toe United Muuee, e* explained, so mak
ing tho titatei drill sergau*. U had ad Uef Ist
tbe eitissae ot MaMoebusette h# disaime-1, as to
take the command from the Statae, aod snbj*st
them to tbe General Legislator*.’*
Mr Vadi-f'n observed that “arming, ax ex
plained, did not extend to furu: bing arms, nor
th# term disciplining, to penalum and courts
martial for eaiuroing them.’*
Altar the adoption by the Oouvsrttoa *f the
first part ot th* i-leas*, Mr. Medioo moved to
amend the next part of U, t*o ae to read “rererv
lug Io the State* respectively th*
the officers, under th* rank oi gcueral cSceri.’’
Mr. Sherman coaridered this as absolutely so.
admissible. He read that if the people should
be so for asleep is te allow the most influential
office:? jf the General Governoioot, every mao
ot diiPt rumen: would rouse them by (.ouodiug
the .alarm to thorn.” Upon Mr. Modfooa’i
proposition. Mr. Gerry xaid. “Let us at cmee
destroy the (state Governments, have aa Eaeco
live for Ufa, or hereditary, and a proper Senate,
and then there would be some eensfetoacy so
giving full powers toe General Govstamaot
but as the States are not t he abolished, be
wondered at the att mptx tbat were made te
fife p%wt|s iaretifoteat with thsir **fot*a9e.~
hr. #.>riitd,it*e W"i.veoti<.fj agair.’ punhißg the
oft, i for ’*
Mr *iutiida.wm ioivddt > the dausu
ib* w rd* •• juifor rank ..£ general offl-era,”
vote*', iown oya xuaj-rlf, ot right Stairs against
three, <uoriing w the “.vladuoti Pjpcre,” from
which tbe above extract* are ukeu ; and by nine
.States against two, according to the printed
of tbe Coaventiot*. Th* reaervatioa ia
the form in which it now tan in the Consti
tution, “reierving to u* Miuatbe appointment
M rhe < Hirer * ’ .rt.un the mili'ia are employed
in the service of tho Confoderacy, a* well tho
genual offi* re as ‘.hosa under that grade, vm
Ldopted uuasiinwosiy by the Conveuticn.
At tbe expriife of weary mg juuc /oueoce, I
bk, I>een tbo careful In traAr.gNba hJjt ryof
this clause i.; the Contitnlioti, to show tbat it
woe the dear unde, ’tnuding 01 tfo-aewho origl
nateU tfos part </ the lun iaaentai law, tbKt tbe
States should retain their power over fhelr
iii.iitm, even whrr, a ,n the nervier k h* Coo
lederooy, b.y rnaioing tbe *oT>o ; atmeat of all
the officers.
In practice, the Gorertruent ol the United
Mates, among otb'-r numerous encroach tenets of
power, had usarpe) ro itself the power which tir
Convention, af*"r mature deliberation, bad ex
pronly denied to it. to wire the Jtower of op
polntmrj the general off :er of th? militia, when
em|jleyed tr tb- •ervi<’*’ o‘ ‘General Govern-
I men?.
But 9Z that Governrnent bad nerar . .’cap
ted to tbe xt. nt the power to p
---poLnt the iie*. - \ company officers. Ii tbe
framers of the > rut ton were rta riled at the
idea of giving tb* appointment of the general
officer?* to the General Governmeot, aid prompt
ly rejected it, how would they have met a p?po
eitlon to give the appointment of all ‘... r officer*
down to tbe lowest lieutenai.t to it .’
But you say. •‘with regard to the modo • f offi
; eering tbe ?oot>-. now calledMoto the service #f
tbe Confederacy. .•> intention of Congress i* to
;be learned f'om u .f*t3: and from The tertnn
emp!*)J#d it would -wni that Me j :cy cf ele**
i tiou bv thi- Voop- tiieras, yes, L 1 udopted by
-j C -igic. .**
I cun fox- 1 bah n t *0 uuderi-.d it, without
very qanJ'.f*-at‘on*. It Is *rue, :he
twelve month u * wnllit bu7e a right
within forty days ■* e.le?*t their
officer-.
Hut If I understjiu'i the u. u, judging from the
term- ued f ail ?a**ai winch ocear in tbe old
regiment are to bo tilled, not by election, but
by the President, by promotion, down to the
lowest com uifsiontd c-fioer, whose v* ancy alone
ie filled by and even rfci* ru!e of pro-
motion may be *et .side by the Pr*-"itk’c. e: any
time, under circum.-tune: v oationc i it, a act,
and be may appoint any one be i onset to r- ’ 1 tbe
vacancy, it, id hi” opinion foe perso- . ■
is dMiinguicheJ for ill < valor and tfi*- cuui
iniasi-'ii in either, n.i n'l th* . euti >ned
mact be issued by the i re- idc'jt.
Quite a number of Georgia are in
for the war, whose fficer. hold commissions
from tbe executive ot tbe .Stats but et'tn m
these under the act, every perS’ *< ap
pointed to ftli L'uj vaenne cum’. w*y horeauur
‘.'• ‘•ir, it would seem, u*u.:t bold bis comruiMiiun,
not from foe Stale nut fr< ■• the Prebidont.
But aduiii that Cong'.- by It* acts, intend
ed to give the strops in every ta.*;e foe right to
t!rct ibeir ottetr.i (wLio.h be- not boeu the r*-
Übiiehed pr.- \i •, 4.- you fi* /<* couiu.uisioned
uiMtiy jer*- nr to cstumaTid c he'd officer* with
out elec;ion) this doee not relieve t.*.e acts of
Coßgre:i from tho ohaigs ot violation us the
I Constitution. The question 1? u t a* to foe
of eeifcting the person woo is to have the
i oato!'t*bn, hut as to the Government, wbiub,
under -be Constitution, has tb* r ght to jiue
tbo commission. Too ffi. ate.?, in sou exercise of
tbsir reserved putter t-. appoint rhe otboer-, may
■odect (hciu by elsctioo, or may permit h Ex
ecative U- sel*'c: ‘hem; l>ut the appointment
rests ui ■ to- . iuiuwM'*a, a. foers u-* com
plete *i p, iuuu,.itUU the ;<■ Issued,
tuid thoraiura the t*overn:ocnt th*; issues the
< •u.Uiisaioii exercim the uyp. ‘.ting power,'it'd
ouetrois the appointment
lam nut. however, the intent..u© o;
(joiigrec* in the >uiaption ut this power, bot
only foaqueiuou us its rowr-v, at A frbatever
may h*ve > b*t.n iw iiuaniioit, 1 mauMeia that
it ha* transcended is ccnetitutionol pov*
ho* plaewi in tho hands us tbe Executive of t.ae
Confederacy tha. which the Btat*>* have ox
prtsal*- ard carefally denied to Coogre** or'd re
served te themselves.
But you may ask, why fluid the Executive re
-pocsible fur th* tine oust if* doaoi aot of Cun*
greet,’ I would cot of course, insist on this any
u.-ther than tho eet<~& * f Confrcis has been
saßcttußed by-the Executive, and aotad uoan by
him.
Keeling returned that the Conscription Act and
•neb other acts of Congress a* authorise the
President to appoint or noramw>?:ua tha oAears
of the militia of th-i State when employed in the
service of the Confederate States to ‘•"*"1 i*-
vaston,” are in palpsbie violation of the Con*
stitutioo, I can cement. to do no act which
comtnits .Georgia to willing sc juiescence “in
their binding force upon her people. I cannot
therefore conseor to have anything to do with
the enrollment of the con script* in this State;
our can 1 perouf soy officer u s
the miliUe to be jDr lied, nn is aace arj to
enable the Stale to oxerc-i*e byr rp-crvrd rieijt
1 ra.nmg her militia, aecordit x tho discip
line j.reeeriiied by Congress sv a rime when to
kViereat treubtee wiih her slaves, a strict tuilita
iry police ia ab-oluMv nee.-'-ar? to the rafet/ of
her ca*. i permit any other oCcer
C4rii .r miliu//, who b necessary to the main
tenance of the State Ut. v era men t, to b* carried
i ui oi the State at a couartipt.
should you at any time ueed miditienal trovpe
from Georgia to fill up ber jo. r quota In propor
tion to the number the other
•states, yon have only to ••*!! on the Bxocutiv e
for the number required •bo organised ana ufi
• emd as tha constitutioo tfrectr, and y> or call
will, a* It ever bavdoue, *neet a prompt re#p >osc
from her noble and patriotic people, who while
they wi r watch with a jealous eve, eves in the
midst ot revolution, every attempt to undermine
their constitutional right i, will never be content
to be behind the for*m<-t ia the discharge of
their whole duty.
f in. with great respect,
Your w bed sent servant,
JOSEPH E. BBOMN.
His Excellency Jeffareon Davis.
Frniltn lUm’ left).
bXECI'TIVU I‘KFABT.v W'VT, I
Richmond, -Sth Maj, IMS. j
Ui ik Sir.:—l received your letter ofthc Sth
Hi**., iu due coarse, bu| the importance of the
subject embraced in it required caretai con
mderaiion . and this, together with other press
itig dutiOf, h caused my dwlay in reply-
The constitutional question dtscusavd by you
to relation to the Conscription Law bad been
duly weighed before 1 recommended to Con
great the put ge of such a law- it was felly
debated in bath houses , and your letter bus
act only been uhmitled to my Cabinet, fut a
written opiatoa has teen roqutred (rest the
Attorney General. The - onsmut wittily of
thf law woe eustn ned by very large majorities
ia both houses. This .iec.fuon of the Con
gress meet* toe -oncurreace, not only of ay
owa judgment, but of every member cf the
Cabinet; and n copy of the opinion of the At
torney General, herewith enclosed, develops
the reasons on which hie ronclutiena are
based.
I propose, how ever, from my high respect
for yourself, nad for ether eminent citiaens
who entertain opinions similar to yours, to set
forth, somewhat at length, ay own views on
the power of the Confederate Government
over Us own armies and the milr.it, and will
endeavor not to leave unanswered any of the
positions matataioed la your letter.
The main, If not the only purpose for which
independent f Vaitfi* or Coifed*
rations t to combine it)f power* 01 the #ev- j
oral raembefe in such uannei ..•* to form on*- ‘
united force iu U relation? w in i'nr*is,. pow
err WMetfirr tn pcaui* or war. na- t, -tai*
ampl . cutnpet.’ 1 t*< adtainiater ui>e .11 jof it*
bv. u doinestl'i government, yet too feeble suc -
cessfully to resiai powerful nation*; seek?)
safety by uniting with other >!ut**& ;r ‘.ikecuo
ditioa, cad by delegating to sou.e cwujfiwu
agent the cfiuubtaed atreuglh *>/ . order to
•ecure ailvaoiageou? c .uiuercm. itrl tVon* in
pee-e. and to entry 1 ostiHtn- v: r effect in
war
Nov., the power* .tcfogttUU !y lh* several i
.State* to -he Conlrderate Guvi-raru* ut, winch
is then coomroii ttgeui, ate entinieratrd in the
bth eectiou 01 the Coaamutiofl. -a*h t'ower
betnp dtsii/ict, specific, an and enumerated . par ,
agraph- “eparately numbered. Ih*. ex ;
*.eption ie tbe tnih purngrepn. wiut. tLy n*
own term*, i? made dcpeuueni on move j revi
ously enumerated, as follow* :
18. To make &'! lawn w/.icb shall fn? :■ ♦•*
sery nnd proper for carr’ .ng into er:nr*ulion the
foregciug powtir#,” \c.
Now, tbe war power* gtar.ii lo the Con
s rt-*M are *n tbu ic'lowing parn
g.-aph*
No. 1 give* Hutr.ont) to te.no revenue
necessary to pay the C ;t> provide r the
coicuiuii defence, and can, uu the t .u
----tueat,” dec.
No. 11, “to declare War, grant *e.tere cl
marque and reprtaal, aad (uofcerule* eoocern
mg captures on land and water;”
No- IU, **to ra.su und Huppon urm.ea , >ut fco
apprcprruiion of money that u*e*hu: be for
u longer term tuau two year* ; ‘
No. 1-, “to provide and maintain a uavy
So. 14. *'fo rnuke rules lor the govurauiunt
Km! regulation ol the laud i;od anrei lorce*.”
It is impoaible to iuiugine a more Moad,
tuple and unqualified delegation o. the wr.ole
power of each ritate, than i* here contained,
with the sohtury limital.oa ol the appropr a
uoua to two year*. Tbe late-s aot only gave
power to raise money for i,he uounuuu I'elenue:
to declare war; to raise eau support a rones
(10 the plural/, to provide and marauin v. niuy;
to govern aud regulate boto land nud naval
force* ; t>ui they went further, aud coven an leit
by the 3d pnrafr&ph *• the loth srction, not
“to engage in war, uniesa actually invaded, or
in such tmaunent danger a* will not admit of
delay.’
i kuov of but tw o mode* of rats.ng armiev
within the Confederate States, vit: voluntary
eniisiuieai, and drab cr conscriptioa. 1 per
ceive, ia the delegation of power to raise ar
rate;*, uo restrict on ns ;v tue (node of procur*
rag troops I Net cgl- ug which coutmen Con
gress to one class of men, cor cay greater
power to receive volunteer* than n-eript*
ieti up aervtce. 1 see no luaitaiion v whirl
ealistraeat* ire to be received oi indtvidu**!*
only, but no. of roniptmes, or or
squadroQ*, or regiments. I and no mination
of time, or service, but only ol duraitou ot’
approprial.oa. 1 discover nothing to -on'ii
Cougrcee to wur within the limiU of the Con -
federacy, nor to prohibit ofle-asive wnr. In a
word, when Congress desire* to raise an army,
an i passe* a law for that purpose, the solitary
question is under the
the law one that is necessary and proper to
execute the power to raise armies v
On this point you say, “ U‘;t did the nt-res
say exist in chi.- cam? The Conscriptiv-Q Act
cannot aul t? * Government in increasing its
*upplf of ah:is ou rnovisiw.Na, but can only
enable it to call a large uuinbcr of men into
the field. The difficulty ha.** never been to get
.-Ira. Xh.* State* have already furutshed the
Govern ineat more than it can urai,” dec
I would have very little ditficuhy in estnb
lishiuglo your entire satisfaction that the pas
the law was not only uecessary, but
liar it wn* absolutely ifid(>peiunb!e , that nu
merous regiment* *i twe ve moot - n/a were
on the crt< of helng disbaedrd wbn ; iace
could not be vupp'ied by raw levies in the face
of super.or numbsw- of the foe, without eu
lading the uet <l.*n*trou results; that the
position cr our * as *o < -.ticnl as to fill
the bosons* of every patriot with tie liveliest
apprehension; and the provision* of this la ,v
weri etiertive ia v*arding off a pre*>tQg daa
ger; but I pre Ter to answer your objection on
other and broader grounds,
1 hold thu'. rvftea a specific power i* greeted
by ♦ .e Constiltrgiun, like that now ,u question,
“to ra:>b armies*” Congress is the judge aeth
er the inw pan 4 for (be purpose of cxecu
t.ag that power, ia ‘•necessary and proper “ It
is not enough to say that armie? might be
raised in other way-, and that therefore, this
particular way is net “necessary.” The same
argument might be uaed against xvxhv mode
of raising ariuiea. To each lucreasivu mode
soggested, iho objection would /e ? ; at other
modes were practicable, and that therefore the
particular modi- used was cot ‘necessary.”—
Tho true And only test is to enquire whether
the law in iutended and calculated to carry out
the object, whetucr it devises and create* au
iastruaientaf.lv for executing th* specific pow
er granted; and if the answer be in the ulfir*
mauve, the law is constitutional. Sour can
doubt that the Conscription law is calculated
to ‘ raise armies. It is, therefor*, “necessary
usd proper” fur the execution cf that power,
and is constitutional, unless a eome.MUto con
flict with sotoe other prnv.aion of our Confed
erate Compact.
You express th* oyixion tost this conflict sx
ifts, and supper; /our bjr the citation
of thees e!aufe> which rtUr aeutilitu. There
ars c-rtum pfrwlsionc not eitsd by you. which
are cut witat ii aawtoa u.-• and
to which 1 call your atts&tfofi. tbey wUI aid
ia what > meact by “militia.” wild in
delortnining tb* f**pecura power* of the States
ud tbs Cvofsd*ra<y over tkaci.
Ths ssvoro! Hastes agr*e “nat to toep
“*r •hfp> of war o t.xe u- penes.” Art. i,
10, per. i.
They rarther i t.pufate, uai “a well rega
Jatei militia bmng nooesan 1/ to the security of
a free “late, tb* right of the people Cos keep
and bear arms chail not be Infringed.’ Sss. k*,
par 18.
That “no i*hall to held to answer for u
rspital or oUserwise iafarnuur crime, unless on a
prvwntt&est m indictment of a grand jury, ex
espt in caseti Mnring ia th* land or naval forces,
or in the militia when m octunl lervice in tin.e
ol war or jsubtir dansrer,” Ac. is*, t, par.
Iff.
Wh*; tbta <u.< militia r They tan ’ily bs
ereatedby law. The *rmi-ljHr tig inhabitants
of a Htate are liald* to become .u militia, if the
law so order buu in tbs ..b *en<*e of aUw to that
effect, the man of * State cnpnblt* of hearing are
no more isilitia Gian they are unrttt.
The Constitution ilso tsii* us that militia -re
not troops, nor aru they any part of the land or
naval fores*, for militm exiet in time of peace,
and the Con* ti tut ion forb d* the States to ke*p
troop* in tim* of peace, end they arc espreesly
and pls.tvfl in a separata oalegory
from L.nd or naval femes, iu tho ldih paragraph
above quoted: and tlie words land and naval
forcer are sue wn. typa-agrapb* 13, Id and 14*
to mean the nr toy and envy of the Confederate
State i.
Now, i? evlitia arr to; the oiti.ee* tairen sing
ly, but a>K*dy createdt>y law; If they arc net
troepe, If ifcey arnnuparr of the army and navy
of th^Cim^isdrzacy—w# ore led directly to the
deflnuiori quoted by the Attorney Gesermi. that
militia sre a •‘body of soldier* in a State enrolled
for diseipHcse ”, la other words, th* term “militia”
Is a nulle*i>re torm, manning a hod) of men
organised, and to the mj
ratc iakivianaL- wi.e .impose that orgaaisa
tk)iu
The Ct-o UtnUaa dto.de* tha whole nidKary
strength of the Stats.* into only tww ciart* of
’ bodfo-*- oc*., tho armies of the Cun*
fsderacy ; tb* other, th* militia cf the Situa.
In tha dslegatloa *i pow*r u th* C*nf*d*;ocy,
fiw tAtoohidag U* subject ni dsclMHig war,
raising md rn .. . ,t„. (l ,
navy, *-. retail n ... ci whi .ti ; t , . .
F * .10 ... ir, ... |„
no nniu, iibd In.- l . . i, s
cr* ■ ‘ • ■ u
the p'.wtir i* divi-i.- , fojp , 7 , • ,
Ij h .v. power—
*To proved* fur ?i .<u .:•(n ns tutuu... .it.
rn, ' - * h •***•* t< 1 ■ ... ,utw ,o, pr „ ss
iarref ionu’ an 1 .*.p. t lqv;>> in-. ’
“To r
th. ..1 f..r ..„rnlr - <uc .
frt of th.ni .i.iu.j ni ,.i Jf.h. r-o-t.
of tb** c'*>ntf'4erar! State?. res t\ ;#g rl, u .
raapeetlvrly tbr j ppolmment of oft.* v ,
authority cftniniig the rri.'ltfn arr-rdlng tr. *-, v
j I'.iaclplluc pi.*'*•< rd. *d bv conjgre**Par 1
! CoP^re I **, hjes, oa.s tbe powr prm- <-
urg>>.u:rlnf the ann-tearing peoplo • tb?.
Into militia. Fach Store baa t> .■. r > e *
aad iT.iin them when or<moi >,t
(’orgies* ftiay call forth tic railt. i. i,
*. i:te tbs Ccnfedcrate laws. Tl/o S'*- te- nr , t
arrn*Jorel tbe power toeail tl cm t rih tn am.
•'ate S:at* .awj.
OoT'gtMJ a, i.U !*■ forth to rapt) in v>
aim ;no may the Statei. f- r it baa .prr>. 7
reserved the riqht.
Cocgrtafl may fs.'l tb*- i l*.nh lft -
•crreetiuD; and <0 may the .Su. ,*. r \n
l* Impliedly reiervsd us governing all tJu.
except the pnrt In actual *ervi?>- , .^ e c.mfc.U
•racy.
IccnidHrf myself ml * e* t u#j*r. .c 5 0
manner tbo o ••ar'-iui h v*e'l define t t ■-
of tbe Constitutor regulntia,: ;r £< : rg.m.ru •
and ijorernrac 1 uftbe militia, can \■ undar-r *
a* applying in the r raotest uc;re tu
of tbe Cv.cf* tieracy ; Bureau J cuncoire
grant ic\olvAlwip</we . • .‘dureani
war by annie? raise*! and .■ u; p< - ud L
foderary, is to be restricted r cisnim
dlne-es which grant divided p*w*r over rbe c
tia. Oa th# 0* ntrary, the delegation of authority
over tbe milUitt, so thf a?t£ts.rted, uppetrito n
t.i b- plainly uu ‘additional enan.e rated “i„. r
ioteudeu t <tretigfben the hands ot tbe v - u .
fi'darct'. G i.v era meat in the dt*oh; t ,-g h •
isramouat duty, the oumioou detencf
.'Mates.
You state, after uuottag the !-:li liib, i*
grants of power to Ceng revs, that, “These gran:
of power all relate to tbe ume iut.je*-t matif
aotl ere all oor.uiined in tbe same section *•’
Cocftituuoc, and by u a ell known rule o*
straotioc, mast he tak*i wtolo, atM
•trued together/'^
Tb'i argameni app*ars to w*> uosnn 1. a
the powers us ,u res.- enumersted it---r
sectioc , uodf he three para graph.* nj n.
no more enatret each orher by reason r>: tij,
luxation it* the >.inae section than they cau
trol uuy of the jiaragrupba prece*iing intern
; tit'ii or (’Ucceedirg. 3** tar a* the eub •*: matte
j i* concerned, I have already eudeavoreu i > -L
; that the Hruiei* rot-iitiuned in tho ISf'i pnr a^ruk .
| are a subject mnt.u as di.<tinct| from the milir
meotio’-td in the i;.rh uod 16th, as ttiey ar*- fru:
the ohvj lueutioneil in the 18tb. Noth s
ev aiidieaii uto construe togt-ihor uml
wool*, tbs caretuliy /epartted clsuv. w . .
fine the different t. l> .-tor ;n:J o.er
tinct eubjects by the Tut yot
that “by the grant w ,. power (o Congress to u *
aud support atmiot wiihout quuafioatiya, t:,
lratiisrs of the Constitution the r
armies us ihc Con!*-leracy, and not tki arm,.*
ccmpoeod us the whoie militia ui ail tne :.u .
I mnctioiliest myevit’ /uinowkni n :
understand ibi position. iam bi u.'.
the militia is a body of anro’. i m. .e . .
it ts not impossible, io tho ut
hrmies raised by *.be Confederacy ... •
posed of ‘he who: uailitia of ai; the
Th*) zaiiiti'.Vaay beo.illed forth, ir, wh -or .
part; hit.* the Coifederat* service, i t
thereby 1 eoaepp.rt of tn* •• ■rmi. . railed” bv
Congres.- They ro:*iciu uiiiiim, uad go fcoic
wbtßlhesmsrgenvy which provo i their cadi
h>cs eea^ei 4 . Armi.r. .e;**v by Congre-s ere c!
cour-oj r.v> a d .>ut ri h* .ame popalai; as tbr
militia organired by ihe Htsacr, n-i i : ay o
Congress the power to drafts t.-ieu into ;h-.
army, or tu receive ..i voluntary offer ot nv
becaurje hei.i a member of the 6t*t MiJitA, ui
•lony ih© pev;or ti> riiiso an army >.r all, • ;•;
ticaiiy, all m*:r. fi- u r carrion in the army tn
b embraced iu theoii ‘*: . orgonizatiou <.! C.
t reral states. on s.'eitt, however, to ■
rathe: than directly to wiser, tha'. ‘.he ,V. * : i
Law UkhA he uoronsuiutior ‘ ber-anm* it <
preheodi all itou-beerio; c.: n betw- 18 .
3f years at least; this i* un Inference wh fa I
draw from year exp t n “mm- < ai
the whole militia cf nil State.'*. Lui .a#,
that if Congress bav* tke power so draft is i*
artniof rnisffl l.y it any oltlsen at all (l:n:.
r?;rrd .tb*. whether they are or u
l*rs of mfUtinorgar l .'rations,; the power &. :w
ec-ex ter rive rrith the ,.f t 1 -. . .•
or U besonor illusory; nnd the exf
#xiceociss must he deterreire.i by Cov ; lor
tho C''Cftiroti*a he ; left the power without ar>
other check or restriction than tb’- Kxe'vtiiro <t
to. f’nder erdins y (ireumstan^e•, ti.op
Giua dele;atrd to Congrcs.* i arc-eiy ic.‘
At thspttosat momMit
exitoee is three tec ad, bj armie
riurio numbers tc our , • noceosity : ie '•*
has irdu'-sd a cell not “for the whoie mii.tls -
at; th* .4t*ire. j ’ not for any miiitia iu. lor “
t • eotßuCMc nrsom v-t the Conte4*rat otat‘
duralj, ihvraisno zeyntery on the itK-
During /ur wholo pu - hittory, a a well at jum;
•or rv-ont use ysux'j experience as anew Cor.'.v i
rrcy, the miiiiio “have been cal lad fort t- j
rep*] inv: -n” m numerous iustancet r n>l U'. |
never cam* otherwise than aebodie” ovgati’* 1 -1
the Bta>, with th*ir company, field end genet
al officers . ;od when the emergency bod ; I
they won: hem© ag an.
I c/sjcoo: perc*-i7s how *ny on** can intsrpr/
the Conirrripffisa Law at away fro* ib*
State the power to appoint o2i**r to tb*-/ r.”
uu. You >b?*nreon this point in y*.ur w*'-
th.it unless your construction is adopted,’ *!>’
rery objeet of the States in reserving
of appomtisg th© • ffioers, ii defeatei and tb*
portion of the Confutation is not on's a eullity.
hat th* whole military power of the states •*
the eotir* control of the militia- with the a;>p* -t
ment of the officer? is ve?ted in th* Confo**’* 1 *
Gov*rcment, whenever it eh cnees to ‘’•ll w ‘
action “raising au srmy,” and not calling •-”=
the militia.”
1 can only say, In r.-ply to this, that th f *
or es Congress dependt* oa the real nauire “f
act it propose;. *< perforin, uot on (be come gi’
on tc it; and I bv* endeavored to show that if
ictioa 16 nearly that of “raising an ar*y ‘ s 3 - 1
bear/ no leinblfince to “calling forth toe nailititi.
I thiuk I may safely venture the a/sertioc ttt
•her* is cot uoe mao u*t of a thoftsand *f 0H
who will do flaftfot und-r xks onnwip
hat woald describe aimealf, while in d* e
fndml* semes, as being a militia msa , an' s
*am right in this a, the P*P U * r c:
darstanuiDg concurs *ntir*ly with my own o
iucU*ns from the Constitution as to the rnenmt
f the word “militia.”
. _ _.k ,kt!
My answer bus grown to such a length
I must confine myself to one mere quotas
r r© your lettsr. Yon proceed: “Ci3r
?hall have power to raise ARM its. H r v:v
it le done? Tbv answer is clear. In #>*&***
Ity to the provisions of the Constitution,**-
expressly presides tb&t when the a:*Ul* c - ‘
State? am rolled forth to befil twvaW 43
emp'.cyed in tho service of the
States, whioh Is new the cast, the Sts *
appoint the offi'err.”
I bog you to ohsnrvo tha: the “ D,,,rf
which yen say Is clear, ia ot an ats wir ‘*
the question put. The question is. fa o * 4 *"*
arm!*? to be raised’ The answer riven i* ‘ l ”
when the militia are ea'ied forth to rtf** ,r ‘
• ten, the State shall appoint the officer*.
There I’eem* to or to be a *comlu*' tp 14
this whole subjeet. By our Conititctl 06 ‘ x \
greif* may declare war, offensiv# as we * ‘ J
feasite- it may w<Hir* 1 * I