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EASTMAN TIMES.
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ANTITHESIS.
Death gives us more than hte.—Stray Poem.
Aye, more : it gives repose,
Sweeter tlian auy life can e’er impart;
\iint depth of peace, where every burdened
heart
At length will lose its woes.
I know my prison-bars ;
I build no topling towers on shifting sands •
I reach not upward with decaying hands ’
To grasp the lofty stars.
The lowly grave is dear,
And has no terrors ; it is free from pain ;
Its couch is downy ; and no secret baue '
Wrings the regretful tiar.
And life — its wild uproar,
Its fruitless hopes, its withered, blighted days
Its hours of anguish, turn the fainting gaze ’
Toward the ‘•voiceless shore.”
OLD DIGGLYBONES.
BY CLARA G. DOLLIVER.
on would think from his name that
ho was old and wrinkled, bent and
brown, with a dreadfully cunning,
wicked face; but he isn’t at all. His
cheeks are round and soft and downy,
and pink like peaches; and he lias such
a bright, innocent look that he walks
into your heart at once without knock
in^.
We call him Digglybones because he
is so fund of the j>iav in which a dread
ful wicked old man steals all the lady’s
children and turns them into pies; the
poor lady, heartbroken for her loss, goes
to the baker’s to console herself with a
pie. She calls for gooseberry but no
sooner has she received it than she ex
claims :
“ Mercy me ! This is my daughter
Amelia! Then old Digglybones cries
out ‘ Pie, pie, pie,” and chases her
home. If he catches her he gets Amelia
hack, and the poor mother has to go pie
buying again.
You would never think that our little
round-cheeked boy would be able to
run last enough to make a successful
Digglybones, his legs are so fat and so
short, but ho can catch the mother and
get Amelia back four times out of five.
He has a big sister named ltose ; he
calls her Wosio with his little unman
ageable tongue, and thinks she is the
most wonderfully wise, perfectly beau
tiful, dearest and best sister in the wide
world.
Wosio is eighteen and still goes to
school, where . her anxious teachers
haven t half such a high opinion of her
as Digglybones has ; though they can’t
'V‘' n bking her after knowing her a
little.
There is a tall young fellow with
black eyes and a great mustache who
comes to see her sometimes, aud I real
ly believe that he quite agrees with
Digglybones in liis high opinion of Wo
sic, at least the little boy put his naugh
ty cyo up to the keyhole of the parlor
door one day and saw the black mus
tache as near wosio’s mouth as his own
sweet lips ever got.
One fine summer morning while Dig
glybones was building an Indian fort
with Lis blocks on the dinning-room
fable, there came a terrific peal at the
door-bell.
“Laud !” cried grandmother, nearly
leaping out of her seat. “ What do peo
ple want to ring that bell in that style
for ? It’s set me all in a flutter. linn
to the door, pet.”
Grandmother doesn’t call him Diggly
bones ; she thinks it is a dreadful name.
When, after no small amount of tug
giug, lie succeeded in opening the door,
he found the postman there, not looking
n<> very pleasant as lie might, because he
had been kept waiting so long. “ Here,
bub,” he said, “ here’s a letter for you ;
aud don’t let the grass grow under vour
foot another time.”
Digglybones was so astonished about
the grass that he let the letter fall out
of his hand, aud did not shut his mouth
or pick the letter up until the postman
had disappeared, and might have stood
there longer if his mother had not
called out to him to shut the door
quick, before the house was full of flies.
When he took the letter into grand
mother the good old lady read the di
rections out loud :
“ Miss IloseStillingfleet. City.”
“Land!" she said, “I guess 'that’s
from Mr. Alford. I wouldn’t wonder if
Kosie would give the best two bits she
ever saw to get this letter. Well, put it
ou ihe table in her own room, dear.”
Digglybones trudged ofl up stairs
wifii it, thinking all the time, as hard
as he could think with his busy lit
tle brain; he had never breathed a
word of his putting his eye up to the
ieyholo, lor he had a strong suspicion
Imt. everybody, from grandmother
< own, would strongly disapprove of
such a performance on his part; but he
hadn, forgotten it all, and he “guessed”
that Mr. Alford, the owner of the black
mustache, was the most dangerous rival
be had; aud he thought- to himself that
would give two bits to get the
etter. °
.u.r a while Digglybones knocked
down ins Indian fort and went out of
doors to play ; ho knocked at Jimmy
Lee s back door and asked Mrs. Lee, in
Ins sweet voice, “Could pease Jimmy
come out doors and play soldier?”
Hut Mrs. Lee said Jimmy had gone in
town with his auntie, and ‘ wouldn’t be
'ack until lunch-time; so Digglybones
Havel so i dicr by llimself for a ]ittle
while.
bur, he found it exceedingly dull to be
captain, lieutenant, company and every
tliing, and began to wish he had some
candy, or somebody to play with, he
didn t caro which.
Grandma,” he said, straying into
be house, “1 wish you would dive me
five cents.”
‘ W hat for, pet, ?” said grandmother,
who had beeu reduced to the verge of
bankruptcy by Digglybones already.*
“ I want some tandy.”
“It isn’t good for you,” replied grand
mother. “Some of these days some
daly will say, ‘Why hasn’t that nice
little boy any teeth ?’ and somebody
will have to answer, ‘Bjoause his naugh
ty grandma gave him so much candy.’ ”
Then I can buy teeth like yours,’
answered Digglybones ; “ I want some
tandy anyway.”
But grandmother shook her head, and
that day she was proof against teasing,
although Digglybones teased his best.
He found his mother equally untract
ftble, and then his busy little brain .be
gan to think; and he th> ught, among
nther things, that Wosio had some “live
centsea, ’ and if he gave her that letter
sue would give him some of them.
grandma had said that she would give
Iwo Dollars Per Annum,
VOLUME 11.
two bits to get that letter, and he was
sure there was a good many “five
centses ’ in two hits; and visions of an
unlimited amount of candy passed be
fore nim.
He knew the school where Wosie went,
and was sure he could find it; he had
watched her go down street so many
times.
So, without saying a word to anybody,
he put the letter in his little jacket
pocket and started off. The letter stuck
up so high that it scraped his soft skin,
so he doubled it up and crowded it
down. He walked along very compla
cently, with his ragged straw hat on one
side, totally unconscious that his face
was dirty and his hair in his eyes; in
fact, he felt perfectly satisfied with him
self.
By and by it occurred to him that he
was pretty hungry, and it was queer
that ho did not find the high school.
“ My dacious I” he thought to himself,
I wonder if Wosie doesn’t get awful
tired going to school.” He thought a
little rest would do him no harm, so he
found a nice, shady doorstep, and sat
down.
When he put Mr. Alford’s letter into
liis pocket he had felt something hard in
it, and now, being reduced to great ne
cessity, he much wondered if that some
thin?? hard wasn’t something to eat.
“Perhaps,” thought Digglybones to
himself, “it is five cents. I dess it is ;
and I dess Wosie would just as lieve
dive it to me as not.”
He could not imagine a tenderer mark
of affection on Mr. Alford’s part than
his inclosing five cents to Wosie.
He opened the letter as carefully as
his clumsy little fingers could do it, and
ont slipped—not something to eat, and
not five cents, but a round, firm curl
clipped from Mr. Alford’s black, curly
head.
“O dear!” said Digglybones, dis
gusted.
He tried to slip it back again, but his
small fingers were “all thumbs,” and it
slipped down to the sidewalk beside him;
he thought, however, that he had got it
in again all safe, and he stuffed the let
ter back into his pocket, feeling rather
dubious about what Wosie would say
when she found that he had opened it.
Not being in the habit of borrowing
trouble, however, Digglybones dis
missed the subject from liis mind and
started off again on his journey,
The f rther he walked the more forci
bly it occurred to him that it was queer
th tho did not find the High School;
and the more certain he was that he felt
decidedly hungry.
These two circumstances together
caused Digglybones’ spirits to descend
to zero, and putting his fingeis in his
mouth and rubbing his eyes with his
dirty fist he began to cry.
For some time he walked along, cry
ing harder and harder every minute,
and nobody noticed him; but at last a
brown eyed gentleman, who, perhaps,
had a half-dozen little brown eyed chil
dren at home, stopped Digglybones and
said:
“What’s the matter, little man?”
Digglybones took his fist away from
his eye to see who it was that had spok
en to him; and being won at once by the
kindly light of the brown eyes he took
his finger out of his mouth and an
swered :
“ Please, sir, I want to find the high
school ; aud I hain’t had no lunch, and
I’m hungry !”
The last words came out with a bellow
that would have made grandmother’s
heart ache for her pet if she could have
heard it.
“Hungry !” said the gentleman, who
could not suppress a grin at the nature
of Digglybones’complaint. “Well, well,
my boy, we’ll so->n cure that. Now tell
me which high school you wish to find,
the boys’ or the girls’ ?”
This was a poser for Digglybones,
who instantly clapped his finger into
his mouth again to consider ihe sub
ject ; and he came out bravely.
“I want to liud Wosie,” he said.
“ Ah. ha !” said the gentleman. “Is
Rosie your sister ?”
Digglybones nodded.
“Take my hand,” said his new friend,
“aud we will find something to eat first,
and Rosie afterward.”
They walked along together very con
fidentially indeed; for the indiscreet
Digglybones told the gentlman all
about Wosie’s letter, and what grand
mother had said, and what his naughty
eye saw at the parler keyhole, and the
curl of black hair that had dropped out
of the letter ; all of which made the
gentleman laugh so uproariously that
Digglybones was profoundly astonished.
He filled his little companion’s pockets
with cakes, candy and nuts, however,
so that the little boy could not feel
hurt at his laughter, and took him to
the very steps of the high school.
“Where is your letter, my little
man ?” he said. “Let mo see the curl.”
Digglybones took out the letter and
shook it, but no curl fell out; then the
gentlemen took the letter and shook ;
and all in vain.
“ Wiiy, my oov,” he said, “ what will
Rosie say to you? You’ve lost the curl
of hair.”
Digglybones looked a little puzzled
and worried for a moment, but his face
soon cleared, and he replied, very
calmly:
“On! Wosie can det another; his
head is all covered with ’em.”
Whereupon the gentleman took out
his handkerchief and wiped his eyes,
and shook very hard; Digglybones
looking on wonderingly.
Just then a young girl came down the
steps, and the young gentleman said :
' “ Can you tell mo if Miss Rose Still
ingfleet attends school here ? ’
“ Yes, sir, she does,” said the young
g^l.
“ Will you take this little boy so that
he can find her?”
“ Certainly,” she answered.
“Good-by, then, my boy,” said the
brown-eyed gentleman, patting Diggly
bones’ head, and then, walking away.
Perhaps he told bis brown-eved chil
dren that night about the funny, dirty
faced little boy whom he met, out hunt
ing for “ Wosie.”
The young girl led the way up-stairs
and, opening the door, ushered poor,
shocking-looking little Digglybones into
a room full of neat, pretty young ladies.
“This little boy wants to see Mbs
Stillingfleet,” said the young girl to the
teacher.
Rose stood up, her face scarlet and
EASTMAN, DODGE CO., GEORGIA, THURSDAY, AUGUST ’2O, 1874. NUMBER 29.
her eyes snapping, half in anger, half
in fan; the did not know whether to
laugh or to cry.
The dirt on Digglybones’ face was
now so mixed with crumbs of cake and
bits of candy that it was hard to tell
what the color of his round cheeks
might be; his tangled hair straggled
down from under his ragged straw hat,
and he held Mr. Alford’s poor ill-used
letter extended in liis dirty hand.
“Here, Wosie,” he said, in his clear,
sweet voice, with a smile which would
have done honor to a seraph, “here’s Mr.
Alford’s letter. There was a curl of his
hair in it, but I lost that; but he’s got
lots more on his head. Don’t be mad.
Wosie.”
He added the last entreaty in conse
quence of a look on Wosie’s face which
he had never seen there before.
The young ladies giggled; how could
they help it? Even the teacher smiled.
The tears rose up so thick in Wosie’s
eyes that she could hardly speak to ask
the teacher if she might take the inno
cent little offender home,
The letter she put in her pocket. She
did not scold, but she refused to take
hold of his hand and made him walk
faster than his pool little legs could con
veniently go.
When they reached home Digglybones
realized that the way of the transgressor
is hard, and from that day to this he
eyes Wosie’s letters with fear and scorn,
and nothing will persuade him to touch
them.
The Grasshopper Army.
To the thousands of our readers who
have for the past few years, and especi
ally few months, heard and read of the
grasshopper, the mighty spoiler of the
husbandman’s labors, but who have
never seen or heard described the ap
pearance and nature of the pestiferous
insect, it may be that a picture of the
creature and its doings would not be
uninteresting. When the grasshoppers
originally appeared in the northwestern
states to any damaging degree, a num
ber of years since, they first attracted
attention by their numbers, appearing
as they did before the astonished far
mer in countless millions, not as the
innocent and harmless creatures which
had hopped before bis sickle in the
grass ever since he was a boy, but as
a dangerous, ravenous and devouring
army of innumerable pigmy enemies.
They came in swarms, darkening the
beavens as far as the eye could reach,
and alighting upon the green field like
a black shroud, and only leaving it
when nothing verdant remained out of
their myriad stomachs. They were not
near as large as were the domestic grass
hoppers, neither green in color, but a
brownish-colored insect, of half the size.
They hopped with all the power of the
old green specimens, but when it came
to using their wings the “old inhabit
ant” grasshoppers were nowhere. The
invaders (early named the “raiders”)
were very eagles in minature, and would
on a still day soar from a ruined corn
field directly toward the sun anil away
from human vision. People not experi
enced in the devastating propensities of
these pests can scarcely believe that 3o
small an insect, and one hitherto looked
upon so lightly as a powerless inhabit
ant of the farm, can uo the harm which
has been ascribed to them. But they
can do mighty thiLgs on account of their
numbers. It can hardly be credited
that they come in sun-darkening clouds
and cover the meadows, fields and roads
to the depth of from one to five inches
of wriggling and hungry life, but they
do. It can hardly be believed that they
light upon the fences, and gnaw away
at the boards and posts with such as
siduity that they leave them looking
haggled and scarred, but they do. It
can hardly be understood that they will
stop a team by driving like a hail storm
in the horses’ faces, that they crush by
hundreds under the feet which step
among them, and even stop railroad
trains, with their grease when run over
on up-grades, but it is true. Any farm
er in the infested region who is experi
enced in their ravages will affirm these
apparently extreme statements to be on
ly tame facts in the presence of the ac
tual “raiders”—the Egyptian plague of
Minnesota and the terror of the hus
bandmen of the whole northwest. —
Chicago Journal.
Mushroom Cities.
The Baltimore Gazette says ; “To a
resident of a large easteru city or to
the European it is a most singular sen
sation to come, in America, upon one of
those deser-ed mushroom cities which
spring up in a night and disappear in a
morning. Through the mountains of
Pennsylvania there are many of them
genera ly mining villages, after the
mines have run out. Perched often on
the top of a high mountain, the gunner
or the curiosity-hunter comes suddenly
upon them out of the densest solitude.
There the houses in a clearing
filled with wild raspberry bashes and
viues and small shrubs, bleak, bare aud
desolate, with hingeless doors and pane
less windows—with small trees growing
up through the floors, and thegnaviigs
of wild animals visible vherever the
floor or walls were formerly grease
stained. On the line of the western
railroads these temporary towns appear
and disappear, and in the oil regions
probably more strikiugly and preten
tiously, the fall being more disastrous
than elsewhere. Such was Pithole
City, Pa., according to an exchange.
Within one month from the completion
of the first house this city had a tele
graph office aud a hotel, costing the
owners $80,009. In one month there
was a dai y paper established, and in
the next a theatre ; in another month
another theatre, and 'then an academy
of music. In six months there were
seventy-four hotels and boarding
houses* ; in the seventh month tlie city
had reached its highest prosperity. It
had then about 15,000 inhabitants,
elaborate water-works, a city hal), and
an expensive city government. Its fall
was quite as rapid. Only fifteen inhab
itants now remain.”
—Pestered with “contributions in
verse,” from a persistent rhymster, till
his patience gave out, an American ed
itor wrote to his correspondent thus :
“If you don’t stop sending me your
sloppy poetry, I’ll print a piece of it
some day, with your name appended in
full, and send a copy to your sweet
heart’s father.” The poetical fountain
was spontaneously dried up.
In God We Trust.
State Purchasing Agent to the
Grangers.
We extract the following from a com
munication published in tbe Prairie
Farmer from the Illinois state pur
chasing agent:
Never since the granges have been
organized did the members of the order
occupy such a responsible position as
they do at present. Smarting out with
the theory that so far as the purchasing
of farm supples was concerned, that
.the long lines of middlemen could be
dispensed with, and that a more direct
trade, aud consequently a less expen
sive system could be adopted, we formed
organizations all over the state with a
rapidity that surpassed our most san
guine anticipations. We promised man
ufacturers that those of them who
would dismiss their agents who were
overrunning the country in the fine car
riages and with fast horses, forcing
sales in the most expensive manner (all
of which came out of the farmer’s
pocket ) that w j would supply the de
fect by contracting our trade and giving
it to them in preference to all the oth
ers. With a promptness that was flat
tering to the feasibility of its proposi
tion, many of the manufacturers, from
all parts of the country, offered to meet
us upon that platform, giving us the
usual discounts allowed to the trade,
thereby talking the business out of the
hands of middlemen and depending
upon the integrity of the order to fulfill
their promises. It needs no philoso
phical argument to convince any one
that the manufacturers acting in this
way incurred the united displeasure of
those belonging to “rings,” together
with that of the whole army of agents
on both sides. This inaugurated a
fierce contest.
No sooner was this move discovered
than the “rings” and their agents low
ered the prices of their goods to those
offered by our manufacturers, at the
same time boasting that the}' would
break down the system by decoying the
trade away from those who dealt with
us. To more effectually accomplish
this, many of them sold goods during
the past season at even lower prices
than had yet been offered to us. Some
of the boldest of them have declared
that they will sell at even less than
cost for a time, depending upon making
up for it in future trade, when they
drive us from our position. There are
hundreds of thousands of dolls,rs band
ed against us this year to accomplish
this end. Asa general tiling they have
the heaviest capitalists on their side,
and, as it is a matter of life or death to
them, they will fight us desperately.
They know full well that we do not
hold out a compromising hand to them,
and they feel, too, that they have gone
so far that they cannot give up while
there is a ray of hope, aud consequent
ly it must be fought out on this line.
Some of them attempt to decoy us
away from our standard by assuring us
that they can manufacture goods cheap
er now than formerly, and the price
need not be as high. We know this is
not so to any great extent, as material
and labor and interest on money are
about as high as ever. If, too, they
were in earnest why do the “rings” fight
us and our principles so bitterly?
Strange, indeed, that their conversa
tion did not take place until they saw
us in a situation to throw off the gall
ing yoke and maintain our independ
ence. Strange, too, that in localities
where the pressure is not so great, that
their conversation is not as complete as
it is here.
So far .then as the Patrons in Illinois
are concerned, they have accomplished
all they started out for, and now the
ground they fought for is theirs. The
question now comes to every one, will
you retain it, or will you forfeit it?
This is a question fuller of meaning
than mere common interrogatories.
Hence the assertion made by me in the
first sentence of this article. If you
say you mean to occupy the position
you now do, it is done only upon the
fact that you fulfill to the very letter
your promise to give your support to
those who came out from the old system
of agencies and declared themselves
with us. Before this change we had no
responsibility. We were mere tools in
the manufacturer’s hands to gather in
the wealth of the country to the tills of
“ rings.”
It is not sufficient to say now that it
is no matter where you purchase, since
machinery, etc., is as low outside ai in
side the order. If in many instances
this is the case, plese tell me to whom
is the reduction due? Then let every
true Patron stand by the stars and
stripes of the grange, and see that the
banner that led us to victoiy is not for
gotten.
.Rushing Into Danger.
The insane haste with which people
often rush to their deatu is utterly la
mentable. Persons, to save the delay
of a few minutes, heedlessly rush in
front of a swift-moving train, or worse
than foolishly jump upon a moving car,
running the risk of an accident, sooner
than wait the short time necessary to
insure them perfect safety. If only
themselves were the sufferers, the fate
tliat often overtakes them would be well
merited ; but unfortunately they are the
least hurt by the catastrophe. Several
fatal accidents have recently occurred
at the east—all of them resulting from
criminal beedlessness. A young lady,
wishing to show her friends how nimble
she was, attempted to cress the track
ahead of a coming 1 comotive. She
did cross, but her dress was caught in
the passing wheels, and she was drawn
back under the crushing weight of the
train. Another instance was that of a
man. His wife, looking fr r >m her cham
ber taw him step from the
train which daily brought him from the
city. She ran down stairs to meet him
at the door, but he was not there. She
thought he had hidden and called to
him, but there was no answer. She
saw a crowd of men coming up tbe
street; they stopped at her gate, opene !
it, and came up the path bearing his
deal body. He did alight in safety
from the train. There was auother
train coming from the opposite direc
tion ; he would not wait the minute it
would take to pass, but sprang in front
of it, tbe wheel of the engine caught
his
threw hfm upon the track. Hardly a
day passes but some accident occurs
from attempting to cross the sireets in
front ©f an approaching vehicle, and all
to save a minute of time, certainly not
so very valuable to one who holds his
life at so small a price.
About Salt Lake.
A correspondent of the Baltimore
American, writing from Salt Lake Citv,
says: “The city of Salt Lake is at the
foot of the range of the Wahsatch Moun
tains, and extends somewhat on the up
land p a in. A long valley lies beyond,
affording fine cultivation *for those am
bitious t® extend their farms and gar
dens beyond the city suburbs. The
mountains rise like the sides of a basin,
containing in many places deep rifts of
snow upon which the sun’s ravshave no
visible effect. The most attractive fea
ture about the city is their method of
irrigation. A mountain stream is turned
from its natural course, to form clear,
beautiful brooks, flowing over pebbly
beds, on either side of the streets,
which are themselves one hundred and
thirty-three feet wide. The old houses
are adobe, but many flue buildings
are noticeable, and judging from the
freshness of their appearance, the city
must have greatly changed in the past
few years. It is now laid out in wards,
twenty m number, of eight blocks each.
Every ward has a bishop presiding over
it, subject to the chief of the council of
bishops. This arrangement accounts
for the entire absence of beggars. The
Tabernacle stands on one of the princi
pal streets; adjoining it the foundation
of the new temple, which, if ever com
pleted, will be verv elegant. On the
same street are the Lion House aud Bee
Hive—homelike, comfortable buildings
—and the prominent houses of the pres
ident. Still further on is the family
school-house. A ‘solid stone wall en
closes all these buildings, leaving the
stranger to wonder what such a life can
be, for n'.t a sign of animation reveals
its workings to tbe outer world. On
the opposite side of the street Brigham
Young is building a spacious residence
valued at one hundred thousand dollars.
Houses of other wives are scattered
about in the neighborhood, and the neat
little cottoge of Ann Eliza stands va
cant. They tell us there are eighteen la
dies who answer to the name of Mrs.
Young in Salt Lake, and others in the
towns throughout the Territory. Mr3.
Amelia Young is an adept in tlie very
important art of nursing and is also an
educated lady, and this is a key to all
that is mysterious about Mormon
women. Asa class they are n©t educa
ted, and they certainly do not belong to
the order of fine ladies. They come
from a laboring class of people, where
labor means hard and continuous toil,
with no time or thought to devote to
the of life. Some were
peasant girls from European countries
to whom higher wages out at service
was the inducement offered. They do
not look like happy women, and the
natural inference is that they are not;
but they zealously defend their mode of
life because they consider it a part of
their religion, and there is no bigotry
so difficult to overcome as that founded
upon religious convictions.”
A Newport Drive.
A Newport correspondent of the Bos
ton Journal writes : “No watering
place in the country can show as good
roads as can be found here. New av
enues are brought into public notice
every year, and the fashionable driving
is no longer confined to Bellevue ave
nue. Upon either side of the drives
are the elegant homes of the rich, liter
ally hemmed in by trees, shrubberies,
and flowers, presenting a sublime and
enchanting appearance. The majority
of the guests, one would be lead to
suppose, ride to be seen, so costly are
they arrayed in fashion’s 1 attest attire,
while with footmen and coachmen in
livery, prancing steeds arrayed in gold
and silver trappings, they are gazed
upon by the less fortunate in a pecu
niary point of view. Between five and
half-past seven o’clock in the afternoon
is the time to behold the grand pageant
upon the principal thoroughfares, and
the display of every description of car
riages is a sight not soon to be forgot
ten. Ocean avenue, which is about six
miles in length, is one of tbe most Ro
mantic, drives in the country, and i a
continuation of Bellevue avenue. You
drive in and out among rocks, and the
entire drive is through tlie most varied
scenery, the broad blue Atlantic rolling
majestically at your feet. Block Island,
Point Judith, Bienton Reef, where so
many vessels have been wrecked and
where many brave sailors have met a
watery grave, may be distinctly seen.”
Courage and Self-control.
Of students who begin a term with
high aims, how many year after year
fail to fulfill them, not from want of
opportunity, but from want of resolu
tion ! The poet Cowper was once con
sulted by his friend, Mr. Unwin, about
some man’s character. “All I know,”
he wrote, “about him is, that I saw
bim once clap his two bands upon a
rail, meaning to leap over it; but he
did not think the attempt a safe one,
and so took them off again.” This
story typifies the career of not a few
who* promised something better. Let
me counsel you to keep your hand upon
the rail, even if you fail to clear it at
the first leap, or, at all events, only to
remove it in order to try a humbler
height. You are often exhorted to
aim high that you may secure a lower
mark—
“ Who aimetb at the sky,
Shoots higher much than he that means a
tree.”
But I am not sure that it is not wiser
to select for the immediate mark, how
ever ambitious your ultimate hopes may
be, something fairly within your power,
and pertinaciously to strive until you
hit it.
—The attempt to substitute moral
snasion for corporeal punishment ir the
government ot pupils iu the public
schools of Chicago has been entirely
successful. The report of the school
board dwells upon this fact with par
donable complacency. Last year there
were fewer suspensions, in proportion
to the attendance than ever before.
Nine schools, having an average attend
ance of (1,500, report no suspensions and
no corporeal punishment. Six schools,
with an attendance of 4,500, report one
suspension each.
Payable in Advance.
Crime and Its Penalties.
The day has forever gone for the hor
rors of torture to be deemed fitting ac
cessories of the extinction of life. In
the early ages of the world not only
criminals but prisoners of war were
killed with frightful tortures. The old
Assyrian bas-reliefs represent victori
ous monarchs boring out the eyes of
their captives, and flaying alive, burn
ing, while hacking with harrows and
other sharp instruments were eommon
practices. After the capture of Jeru
salem by Titus so many of the Jewish
prisoners were doomed to crucifixion
that not wood enough could be found
to build crosses on which to stretch
them.
Burning, as all know, was the punish
ment specially provided for religious
heretics. In these days of womon’s
rights it will appear singular that fe
male offenders were often sent to the
stake when their male accomplices were
hanged,, Such was the case with Cath
erine Hayes, who murdered her hus
band in London a century and a half
ago. In 1757 a female slave of Captain
Codman, of Medford, Mass., was burned
for poisoning her master, while a man
who was implicated in the same crime
was hanged. A woman was burned in
England for coining false money as late
as 1763. Persons convicted of treason
in England are still, we believe, liable
to be hanged, drawn and quartered.
This sentence has not been carried out
of late, and was often robbed of many
of its terrors in earlier times, but it was
more than once enforced with all its
horrors. A contemporary writer tells
us of one of the rebels under the house
of Lancaster, who was at first
hanged until he was half strangled. On
being let down still alive, he was dis
emboweled by a sharp knife in the
hands of the executioner, the contents
of his abdomen and then his heart being
next drawn forth. The quartering of
his remains was the last act in the re
volting tragedy. Impalement is still
practiced by Mohammedan tyrants, and
we read only a few months ago of its in
fliction on three thieving officials.
Death comes to the victims of this sav
age punishment with much of the slow
ness and torture of crucifixion.
The torments to which llavaillac was
subjected for the assassination of Henry
IV. of France, and a century and a half
later Damiens, for scratching Louis XV.
with a penknife, are too shocking for de
tail. It is sufficient to say that after
having been placed on racks several
times during their trial they were burn
ed on various parts of their body with
melted, lead, burning pitch, and scald
ing oil, had their leg bones mashed by
wedges being driven between the limb
and an iron boot, and were finally torn
in pieces by four horses attached to
their arms and legs. Yet these horri
ble spectacles were witnessed by thou
sands of interested gentlemen and ladies
of the court. George Selwyn, who had
a strange love of witnessing executions,
even went from London to Paris to see
the last torments of Damiens.
Torture was not abolished in France
until about the time of the revolution
of 1789, and in Germany it continued in
vogue for a numbe * of years longer.
The dungeons of Nuremberg castle and
the council house at Ratisbor contain,
among other devilish inventions, a large
variety of racks, iron boots and wire
gloves, to be heated red hot before be
ing put on; boots into which wedges
were driven; the Spanish pear, which
resembled that fruit in shape when first
put in the mouth, but could be made
to open, thus half choking the victim
and causing him fearful pain by stretch
ing open his jaws. Besides these there
is at Nuremberg a cradle filled with
iron teeth, like those of a harrow, in
which a man, afterwards found to be in
nocent, was rocked as late as 1803.
There is also an iron virgin, a box of
the form and size of a woman standing
on her feet. The inside of the door is
full of long spikes, which, when it was
closed, would penetrate the eyes and
body of the condemned. Beneath is a
trap through which the corpse might be
dropped into a deep vault below.
Breaking on the wheel was a common
punishment on the Continent during
the last century. The prisoner was
placed on an X-shaped, or St. Andrew’s,
cross, lying flat. The executioner with
an iron bar would successively break
the bones of the arms and legs both be
low and above the elbows and knees,
and finally, if humane, end the prison
er’s sufferings, or, as the phrase went,
givu him coup de grace, by a heavy
blow on the breast. The process com
pleted, the broken-limbed wretch was
laid on the circumference of a wheel,
whence the name of the penalty.
When Elizabeth, the Czarian of Rus
sia, abolished capital punishment, she
retained that of the knout. The flog
gings with this instrument could easily
l)e made fatal, so heavy were the blows
that might be struck with it. Not a
few persons were thus put to death, in
a land where executions were for a time
a nominally extinct institution.
The humane Dr. Guillotin, of France,
suggested decapitation as ji substitute
for more cruel modes of execution. As
has already been mentioned in our col
umns, he did not fall a victim to his in
vention, for he died a natural death in
1814. Nor was he the inventor of an
apparatus which has given an unenvia
abie notoriety to his name. Similarly
constructed machines were in existence
in the sixteenth century, and perhaps
earlier.
The opponents of hanging have made
capital out ot the many blundering and
needlessly-protracted attempts to carry
it out which have recently been made,
and have suggested severing the spine
and crushing the neck by the Spanish
garrote, electric shocks, and other sub
stitutes. There is no doubt room for
improvement, and need for greater
carefulness ; yet the introduction of the
drop, insuring in most instances the
breaking of the neck, is a great advance
on the old plan of dropping a culprit
from a ladder in a cart. Under this last
method he must almost always have
slowly perished of strangulation.
Near the close of the last century it
was seriously proposed in England, at a
period when crimes of excessive brutal
ity were very frequent, to put a stop to
them by terror. The means suggested
was throwing convicted offenders into a
den o wild beasts. The proposition,
it need hardly be said, was never car
ried into effect. —Cincinnati Gazette.
EASTMAN TIMES.
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FACTS AND FANCIES.
—The sponge business in Syria vields
about $125,000 a year, not an hundredth
part as much as is yielded by the spong
ing business in America.
—At Decatur, 111., the streets are
drained by sinking wells forty feet, at
which depth there . are Quicksands
which do the work very effectually.
—As soon as the few colleges now
holding out shall join the regattas,
theie will be no country like Am erica
for a young man to get an education.
—Miss Thackeray says, the sum of
the evil done by a respectable and easy
going life may be greater in the end,
perhaps, than that of many a disastrous
career.
—When a Chicago woman feels par
ticularly spiteful toward mankind, she
sleeps with her feet out of the window,
so as to prevent people from seeing tho
oomet.
—A Kansas school ma’am wouldn’t
dismiss school to let the scholars see a
circus procession go by, and the board
of trustees have secured a teacher who
isn’t so stuck up.
—A Wisconsin man has just been par
doned, after seven years’ service in the
penitentiary, it having been ascertained
that he did not commit the murder of
which he was accused.
—Mr. Spurgeon, in his Sword and
Trowel, acknowledges the receipt of a
letter informing him that the gout was
sent as a judgment from God upon him
for opposing the Church ofjEngland.
—Young ladies subject to nervous do
bility in summer ought to beware of
taking too much exercise. They should
as much as possible lie quietly upon the
sofa and suffer their mothers to fail
them.
—George Francis Train says that “all
the ferocity of his nature has died out,”
and that any little lamb can lead him.
Time was when he leaped up and down
and defied the combined armies of the
world.
—Flour will extinguish the flames of
burning coal oil, according to some
bedy in Wisconsin. As soon as it be
comes generally understood that coal
oil is dangerous, this discovery may
prove of great service.
—Detroit Free Press: * A young lady
in Milwaukee fainted away when her
lover called and found her bare-footed,
but a Chicago girl would have kicked
his hat off as she cried * good morn
ing.’”
—The daughter of Kicking Bird is
described as a “lively, piquant little
thing, with arch, soulful eyes.” The
elk teeth with which her cloak is or
namented are valued at two hundred
and fifty mules
—Engaging candor: Papa—“And
pray, sir, what do you intend to settle
on my daughter ? and how do you
mean to live?” Intended—“l intend,
sir, to settle myself on your daughter,
and live on you !”
—“I believe my fate will be that of
Abel’s,'* said a wife to her husband, one
day. “ Why so ?” inquired her husband.
“ Because Abel was killed by a club,
and your club will kill me if you con
tinue t© go to it every night.”
—Some singers at a concert were
somewhat startled the other evening by
finding that the selection, “When
wearied watchers sink to'sleep,” had
been printed on their programmes,
“ When married wretches,” etc.
—Within the past five years 27,785
miles of railroad have been constructed
in this country at $40,000 per mile; the
cost of these works has been $1,111,-
400,000. The population of the country
increases at the rate of 2.50 per cent,
annually. The earnings of our rail
roads increases in about sixfold greater
ratio.
—Cheerfulness is an excellent wear
ing quality. 3t has been called tho
bright weather of the heart. It gives
harmony to the soul, and is a perpetual
song without words. It is tantamount
to repose. It enables nature to recruit
its strength; whereas worry and discon
tent debilitate it, involving constant
wear and tear.
—Danbury Bailey writes from Lon
don: They ask me if there are such
drinks as brandy smashes, claret pun
ches, gin-slings, and the like, and when
I tell them I am not quite sure, but
think I have heard those things men
tioned by worldly people in the states,
they say, “Ah, how wonderful!” I
hope I have not deceived these people.
—Stanley writes, “ No drunkard can
live in Africa. The very fever discov
ers his weak point, attacks him and
kills him. I knew nothing much of
this terrible recurring malady previous
to my African experiences, but I had
good cause before I ended my mission
to know that a drunkard is least able to
withstand a tropical and malarious cli
mate.”
—lt is well in view of the death sen
tence of Bockray, in Havana, and of tho
unsettled condition of our relation with
Spain, that the Navy Department has
announced that it will allow all vessels
now in the Gulf of Mexico, and cruis
ing in waters adjacent to the West In
dies to remain about their present sta
tions. There may be use for them, and
it will be convenient to have them
ready.
—A cholera conference is to meet in
Vienna in the course of the autumn to
discuss the best methods of preventing
the propagation of the disease. Pro
fessor Pettenkofer, who has carefully
watched the progress of cholera in
Munich since its outbreak nearly a year
ago, will be present, and will no doubt
have valuable information to contribute.
The number of deaths, which last win
ter amounted to 55 a day in Munich
(as a maximum), had sunk last month
to two per diem.
—The eastern women who are burned
alive with their deceasad husbands of
ten utter shrieks that would pierce the
hearers to the soul, and to prevent a
a compassion which would endanger
the reign of superstition, the priests,
with drums and cymbals, drown the
terrific cries of their victims. These
widows of India ascena the funeral pile
with a fortitude that man could never
display, and emulously yield up their
lives to a barbarous usage which, if
men had been called upon to endure it,
would never have been perpetuated.—
Mr. Bancroft.