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OLD AND NEW.
A* the old year 'ink* down in Time’s ocean,
Htand ready to iaunch with the new,
And waste no regrets—no emotion
As its masts and its spars pass from view.
AVeep not if some treasures go under
Arid sink in th • rotten ship's hold;
i hat blith * bonny hark sailing yonder
May bring you more wealth tlian the old.
l or the world is forever improving;
Ail the past is not worth one Today;
An 1 whatever deserves our true loving
Is stronger than death or decay.
Old lover wa-. it wasted devotion?
Old friend-r —were they weak or untrue?
ell, these drown there in mid-ocean,
And proudly ail on with the new.
Throw overboard toil misdirected,
Throw overboard ill-advised hope,
V\ith aim which your s ul has detected
Haw If for their centre and scope;
Throw overi/iard useless regretting
1 or deeds which you cannot undo,
And learn the great art of forgetting
old things which embitter the new.
1 he old y< ars wall grant no concession—
Like miners, they keep what they hold;
1 he new y.- irs march on to progression—
March with them, and mourn not the old.
■ring who will of ih-ad yearn departed,
I shroud them and bid them adieu;
And tin- song that I sing, courage hearted,
is a song lor the glorious new!
—Ella Wheeler Wilcox.
DRIVEN FROM HOME.
Blakely Mall sends to the New York
from Drogheda, Ireland, a dramatic
account of the eviction of two Irish
tenants for non-payment of rent. The
evicting party consisted of a body of
I d) mi itia, commanded by a Captain
him lie, 100 stalwart policemen, and a
score of “emergency men.” We quote
as follows from Mr. Mali's account:
I tallowed the direction of Capt.
iStnylii \s big and tranquil blue eye as I
sat on the car shivering violently in spite
oi fur coats and rubbers, and saw a dra
matic and striking figure. It was that
of a girl, perhaps nineteen years of age,
who stood apart from the others on the
crown ol a little hill. Her bate feet
were sunk deep in the snow that crow ned
the hill, and her figure was sharply out
lined against the leaden sky. She was
tall and superbly formed, though the
lines of her figure were wofullv sharp
ened by starvation, and her cheeks were
sunken and drawn. But they were
flaming red, nevertheless, and they lent
an added lustre to a pair of magnificent
giay eve- typical Irish eyes that fairly
bla/ed with indignation. Her hands
were clasped across her breast, and one
sleeve was almost torn oil at the shoulder,
leaving the arm ha e. The rain beat
down on her, and matted her long,
black hair over her forehead, while a
stray lock was swept across tlie face.
AV hat a lace it was! The brow was low,
broad and while, and the black eye
brow- almost straight over the splendid
eyes. I\.e nose was Grecian, as indeed
was the whole face in contour, and the
tightly compressed lips and firm chin
yave il a look of force and dignity. She
sec ned utterly unconscious of the bitter
cold, and all the pow er of her nature
seemed concentrated in the look of ab
horring hatred and terror with which she
stared at the Queen's troops—her ene
mies.
The word was given, and the line
moved on. A fussy .Justice of the
Peace, a noisy little person known as
Captain Keogh, and the agent of the
estate joined the forces, and Captain
Keogh ordered the attack at once. The
Devine cottage was guarded by the three
t?iiis up stairs and the old man below.
The military drew up in a hollow square
around the house, and the constables, to
the tune of a hundred strong, marched
into the enclosure.
It was dm ing this imposing ceremonv
that an old woman crept around the
corner of the house out into the eu
elosure.
“Woman!”thundered Captain Keogh,
“what are you doin’ here?”
“Breathin’,’’ said the woman, suavely.
“Take her outside the line with the
other rioters,” commanded the Captain,
sternly. At the mention of the word
“rioter-. - ' as a pi ed to the poor wretches
without the lines, Captain Smvlie
roared, with intense hilarity. Captain
Keogh stared hard at him, but it hadn't
the taintest effect on the commandant
of the military.
A big and rather cooky-looking police
man stepped forward and tapped the old
woman on the shoulder. She looked
up at him, and then, tailing back a pace,
gasped for breath a moment, and then
cried ecstatically:
“Oh, my star.-, pliat a bootiful man !"
“Come, move on, now, ” said the police
man, swelling his chest out a little
more.
“Shure lie's th' ugliest lookin’ ting I
iver seen, so he is.’’
“Step along, now. my good woman,”
urged the policeman, as h gave an extra
twist to his long moustache.
“lere so bootiful. Oh, how 'ansome
y’ are—"
Suddenly she drew her hand from un
der her shawl, and. before he could
dodge, she llung a fistful of mud with
extraordinary force full into the police
man s tace, and sku ried through the
ranks o; the delighted military, and out
of sight over t,.e hi 1.
I pon this Capt. Keogh proceeded to
read the riot act. Th s absurd proceed
ing took up nearly a >. hour more, and it
rained harder than ever. The forces h id
now been within a hundred yards of the
house lor nearly two hours without ac
cotupl sh g anything. A lot of talking
followed the reading, and finally the po
ll e fob back and the emergency meu
went forward. About a do en of them,
ks, r w 1 ars, and ax< -. rushed
at the front door. !he iritis threw the
g " ter ut of the windows above,
but before they could do much damage
the enu rgency men forced their wav in
and over; owered evine, who was a very
odan ; sickly looking man. There was
a tn-m udous upr ur up-stairs a minute
later, but the police did nothing. After
a discrei t wait a do/i-n of them drew
their embs, and changed the house amid
the jeers of the military, who. to do
them mstiie, displayed far les tom
fooh ry than the body of men they were
called upon to protect. There was an
otli- r long wait, and then the twelve big
policemen walked bravely forth with
thre> defenceless young gir - held firmly
among them. It was an edifying and
an inspiring spectacle. A court was con
vened. and the girls were duly arrested
and taken off to _ ail under heavy is ort.
though what on earth there was to fear
was a mystery.
Up to this time the spectators, besides
the neighbors, were the detective and
myself on the rival cars, but the new
had got abroad, and three other cars ar
rived, one occupied by the Countess
Tolstoi and the others by Sir William
AYeddeburn. M. P., and Mr. Patrick
Kelley, of the National I.eague. r< -pi
tively. Sir William and the Couaie-s
were both anxious to see an evi- tiou—
one is writing a book, the other a
.Parliamentary "speech on homa rule.
IBE MONROE ADVERTISER: FORSYTH. GA.. TUESDAY FEBRUARY U, 1888.—EIGHT PAGES.
After the 300 warriors had triumph
antly subjugated the three young girl?
the forces moved up the road to James
Finnegan’s, on the hill.
Finnegan was in good spirits, and
bound to die hard. He had a stubby red
beard, a red nose, and a hat which he
wore over one eye, in a rakish, not tc
say defiant, manner.
“It's a pity,” he roared hotly, to tht
intense delight of the placid Captain
Smyhe, who evinced a fondness for him
off hand, “that yez didn’ bring a few
more rigimints an’ some cannons wid
yer.”
Captain Keogh stalked majestically
around the fortified house, and then
corning back to the starting point looked
up and yelled:
“Is that you, Finnegan!”
“It is.”
“Finnegan?”
“Phat ?”
“Will ye come down out of that?”
“I won’t.”
“Why won’t you?”
“Bekase,” said Finnegan, with a burst
of forensic and irrefutable logic, “I’m
gointer stay where I vara.”
“Then your blood be on your head.”
“Well, begob,” remarked Finnegan,
to the intense delight of the mob, “if I
could get near ye there’d be blood on
yer own head, y’ miserable old, bull
necked blowhard.”
“Attack the house, attack the house,”
roared Capt. Keogh hotly. The order
was given with immense spirit and cour
age, but the forces did not display un
due zeal. Capt. Smylie yawned, lighted
another cigarette, and looked back to see
if the Irish girl still stood in th&snowon
the hill toj> while the chiefs of police
held a long and thoughtful consultation.
The Countess Tolstoi tried to make notes
on an ivory tablet, but, as the rain washed
out the letters as fast as she wrote them,
she put up the tablet with a pretty little
grimace, and beat a tattoo with her boots
on the side of the car. Sir William was
gathering mud and facts from personal
contact with the peasantry, and the de
tective was so miserably wet, hungry
and fatigued that he gave up shamming,
and sat on the fence with me, sharing
my umbrella and cigars.
“This here little bit of a burlesque,”
he said scornfully, “costs the Govern
ment in the neighborhood of a thousand
pound .”
“As much as that?”
“Take the pay of the men, the heavy
cost of their transportation for three
days, an’ the cost of the emergency
men—”
“Are those jail birds expensive?”
“Very, ’cause they tikes their lives
in their ban's. They ain’t got protec
tion like th’ police. They’re marked
men once they enter th’business. Some
of them gitten pounds a week.”
“Then the Government spends a
thousand pounds because Finnegan and
Devine won’t pay the full rent?”
“Aye. They could both pay with ten
or twenty per cent, reduction, so the
amount involved is only about tea
pounds.”
In the course of half an hour someone
discovered that it was nearly four o’clock,
and as an eviction after that hour is il
legal it was decided that something
ought to be done at once. It was done.
A s usual, the emergency men were ordered
forward and the police fell hack towa and
the soldiers. The redoubtable Finnegan
had been addressing belligerent remarks
to the en ire British Empire, anil he was
ready to do battle tor his life. In sober
truth he had lots of pluck, for he knew he
was fighting a losing battle from the
start. He whipped off his hat and coat
as the emergency men attacked the house
in two places, and divided his hot water
and rhetoric in equal measure between
i lie window and tlie door. He kept
them at bay for a time and scalded some
of them badly, but his hot water was
soon exhausted, and then they battered
down his defences and drove him into a
corner, where he kicked and battered
away until overpowered and knocked
down.
Then—and not till then—the police
entered, and, dragging Finnegan out,
made charges against him befoie the
Justice of the Peace.
“Have you got anything t' say?”
asked the magistrate before committing
him.
“l’hat could I say?” said Fiunegat
simply, as he straightened up and looked
around him. “I'm done fer,sure enough.
I’m goin t’ ail. At nearly fifty years a\
age I’m turned oil av th’ place where nu
fa Ider an' me gran’fadder was born, an
out av’ th’ house which I built wid m<
own money, saved after years av starvin
an' privat on, bekase why? Bekase .
can't do phat 1 can’t do. God bless th
Queen. She's th' nmdder av her people,
is she? Site's a nmdder, indade. Fine.”
I'hen the procession moved proudlj
homeward, with the evicted farmer stir
rounded by his captors,and the sorrowful
neighbors trooping in the rear; last ol
all the big eyed Irish girl who had stood
lone on the hill. She was Finnegan's
niece and pride. He had brought her
up. She. too. was homeless.
Dags and Hydrophobia.
Dr Ste hen W. Hoof, one of the best
known of New York's medical practi
tioners. was talking the other day about
hydrophobia and similar disorders. Said
he: “There ought to be a general ordei
issued to prevent policemen from shoot
ing dogs that bite people about the
town. In the first place, the officer gen
era ly misses the dog ands me times hits
a passer-by. In the s cond. if the vio
lent quadruj eti is despatched, that fa t
interferes vastly with the work of the
phy-ieian who happens to be called in tc
attend the wounded man. The dog
ought be caught and chained up for a
week, where he could do no possible
harm and where his demeanor might be
watched. By that time the condition of
the animal could be finally determined
it; on. and the doctor would kno w what
to do with his patient. In connection
with a malady concerning which the
world is so much in the darx, as it is in
the case of h;> drophobia. everything
possible should be done to help medical
men to help their patients and their sci
ence. By shooting dogs which have
bitten people in the streets, the officers
make it necessary for the doctor to treat
his patient for rabies anyhow, or else sit
down and wait for symptoms." —Nmc
York World. '
Tite Machete.
The machete, a broad sword er knife,
about two to three feet long, and carried
without a s eath, is the universal arm of
Venezuela and C entral America. In the
Southern States of this country the prin
c: pal use for the machete is for cutting
sugarcane, but in South America it re
places the pocket knife, the axe, and the
-word. The llanero or haciendero is
never seen without it. He cuts bread
with it, peels sugar cane, cuts bananas
and other fruit from the trees, chops
wood, cuts his way through the prime
al forests, slaughters hens or pigs, and
defends himself against the attacks of
wild beasts and serpents. There is no
better arm against the serpents than a
machete, for with a single stroke the
native will cut them in two. — New York
Atn,
BUDGET OF FIN.
HUMOROUS SKETCHES FROM
VARIOUS SOURCES.
A Lender, Not a Borrower-Flat
tened a Trifle —The Reason
Why—Overheard in the
Alley, Etc., Etc.
Wife (to unhappy husband) —“I
Wouldn't worry. John; it doesn’t do any
good to borrow trouble.”
Husband —“ Borrow trouble ? Great
Caesar, my dear, I ain’t borrowing trou
ble; I’ve got it to lend.”— Epoch.
Flattened a Trifle.
Wife (to husband who has been to
New York) —“ You murmured in your
sleep last night, John, about seeing an
elephant in New York.”
Husband- “Er—um—did I, my dear.”
Wife—“ Yes, and from the appearance
of your pocket-book, which you left on
the mantelpiece, I think the elephant
must have stepped on it.” —New York
Sun.
The Reason Why.
Customer—“ls your milk really pure?”
Milkman—“ Perfectly pure, ma’am.”
C. (dubiously)—“ It may be, but—”
M.—“ But what, ma’am ?”
C.—“ It looks mighty blue.”
M. —“ That’s easily accounted for.
The cows arc feeling blue. They always
feel blue at this time of the year, when
their supply of fresh grass is cut off. ”
Judge.
Overheard in the Alley.
First Newsboy—“l tell you, Billy
pounded him over the head awfully.”
Second Newsboy—“ What Billy ?”
First Newsboy—“ The policeman’s
billy.”
Second Newsboy—“ You think yer
smart, don’t yer ? Jimmy told yer
that.”
First Newsboy— “ What Jimmy ?”
Second Newsboy—“ The burglar’s
jimmy.”
First Newsboy—“ Pooh ! Think yer
smart, don’t yer ?” —Philadelphia Call.
Two Opinions.
Wife (to husband who has just re
turned from Europe)—“ Did you see any
body whom you knew on your way up
town, dear? ”
Husband—“ I saw Brown. He said I
was looking thinner than when I went
away.”
Wife—“ Anybody else?”
Husband—“ Yes; I met Robinson. He
thought from the amount of flesh I had
gained that my trip must have done me
good.’ ’ — Epoch.
An International Promenade.
Distinguished Foreigner—“ Those men
across the street seem to be attracting a
great deal of attention.”
American—“ Yes; the one on the right
is Air. O’Shauunessy, the great American
pugilist.”
Distinguished Foreigner—“And the
one on the left?”
American—“ That is Mr. Mulhooly,
the great English pugilist.”
Distinguished Foreigner—“l see. Who
are the other two?”
American—“ One of them is Mr. Mul
zahey, the noted feather-weight Cana
dian, and the other is Air. McAloriarity,
the Australian heavy-weight.”— Puck.
Cold Facts.
Jones—“ What do you call a cold fact,
Smith—that is to say, what kind of a
fact is a cold fact? ”
Smith—“ Well, I should call a naked
fact a cold fact.”
J. “ Just so. A naked fact would
certainly have some excuse for being a
cold fact at this season.”
S.— “ What I mean is that a statement
of fact, pure and simple, without any
verbiage, comes under the denomination
of a cold fact; such as, for instance, you
owe me $5.”
J.—“ I know I do.”
S.— “ I’m simply illustrating. That’s
a cold fact.”
J. - “If I say: ‘I can’t pay you just
now,’ is that a cold fact too? ”
S. (sadly)—“l’m afraid it is.”
J.—“ Well, let's go and take some
thing warm.” —Bouton Courier.
He Explained It.
“Jones,” asked one traveling man of
another, “did you ever study natural
history any?”
“No, I never did.”
“Then you don’t know anything about
the habits of insects ?”
“Nothing. Why do you ask?”
“Because i take an interest in those
things, and there is one question that
has been puzzling me for some time.”
“What is that ?”
“How do the wasps and hornets and
other iuse ts keep from freezing to death
in the winter?”
“Whv, that’s simple enough; you never
handled a wasp did you ?”
“No, I never did.”
“That accounts for your ignorance on
the subject. If you ever bad any ex
perience with a wasp or a hornet you'd
know right well that there was heat
enough there to last two or three winters
if need be ” — Merchant-Traveler.
A Homely Wife.
A good story is told, says the Washing
ton Capital , of one of the fair dames of
the diplomatic corps who recently called
at the residence of a Government official
whose wife is noted for her domesticity.
The husband himself chanced to be at
home, and pending the descent of ma
dame from the nursery went into the
drawing-room to greet the lovely for
eigner. The following conversation en
sued :
"Ah, monsieur, you have one very
homely wife!"
The host, whose better half was really
not distinguished for her beauty of face,
which, however, was more than compen
sated for by a superb figure, a graceful
•jartiage and a charming amiability,
hammered in reply:
■ - Ah. madame I why, really—do you
Snow—l—”
“Yes.” innocently explained his visitor
in her pretty, broken English: “yes. she
very homely. In fact, she stay at home
ill the time.”
Silence.
‘'When I am gone, oh! think of me,”
wailed a serenadtr over and over again
under the window of a Calumet avenue
house the other night After he had said
it for the fifteenth time a fat and furious
red face appeared at the upper window,
an-l t masculine voice hissed out:
“Yes’m. young man, I will remember
you. anu you’ll remember me for a long
time after you’re gore, if you don't put
out in less’n three second-! I’ve got an
old horse pistol tip here with a pound
and a half of cold 1 ad in it that I’ll
stive you as a met cert to of me if you
don’t stop tootin' and bawl in under
this e ndow at an hour when decent
folks an-abed. Now you uo home!”
The sweet song died away into silence,
rh.-1 psof the sweet singer were dum < and
be sighed heavily as he slung his guitar
over his shoulder and ambled off into the
cold world with a suspicious policeman
following in his wake.— Detroit Free
Press.
Poor Man
A burglar got into the nouse ot a frail
looking, sad-eyed iittle widow iu Tucson
the other night. Not finding any valua
bles down stairs he stealthily ascended
to the second floor and entered the room
where the sleeping and unsuspecting
woman lay with a smile that told of
pleasant dreams on her lips.
Roughly shaking her the dastardly in
truder said gruffly:
“Here, wake up; now just you keep
cool; no use yel.ing; I know as well as
you do that you're alone in the house;
just hand over the keys to—here, stop
that! let go! help! murder! help! help!
O-o-o-h! O-h-h-h!”
When the police finally got there they
found the burglar done up with a clothes
line as neatly as a grocer does up ten
pounds of sugar. He was just opening
liis eyes in the “coming to" process;
when they rested on the little widow
they took on a beseeching look as he
shivered and gasped out:
“ Don’t leave me alone with her again,
gentlemen; please don’t. I’ve killed
Rocky Alountain lions and she bears
with young cubs, and tackled two hyenas
at a time, but this is my first experience
with a lone Arizony widder. Can’t you
loosen these ropes a little and see how
many of my ribs is broke, and roll me
over so's I can keep from swallowing the
teeth she’s knocked out; and I'd like a
poultice on my eye soon as possible, and
I need sewing up in a dozen places. I’m
feerd I’ll never pull through this, gentle
men.”—Detroit Free Pass.
Wonderful Waterworks.
In India tanks and reservoirs were con
structed on an enormous scale and were
the chief dependence during droughts.
In Constantinople, the capital of the
Eastern Empire, the Romans left numer
ous subterranean reservoirs covered with
stone arcades resting on pillars.
The waterworks of Athens were begun
about 560 B. C'., and consisted of stone
aqueducts lined with baked clay and
carried almost wholly on the surface of
the ground.
Carthage was supplied by water
brought from the hill ranges on the south,
over seventy miles distant, and the ruins
of an aqueduct, built in the Roman style,
may still be seen.
In France the famous Pont du Gard
aqueduct, which supplied the town of
Nismes, is still an object of interest. It
consists of three tiers of arches, the low
est of six, supporting eleven of equal
sp in in the central tier, surmounted by
thirty-five of smaller sue. Its height is
180 feet, with a chauuel of 5 feet high
by 10 feet wide. The capacity was esti
mated at 14,000,000 gallons per day.
In the year 000 B. C., Polycrates, King
of Samos, built an aqueduct to supply
liis capital, bringing water through a
tunnel driven for over 0,000 yards through
a limestone rock, while about the same
time the people of Lycia, in Asia Alinor,
car ied water across the Nale of Patera
through a stone syphon, which would in
dicate that the ancients were not igno
rant of the laws of hydrostatics.
Among the great waterworks of the
world those of Peru ' ere in some re
spects the most diffie .-ft achievements of
any. The Incas built aqueducts from the
slopes of the Andes for a distance of
over 100 miles to the capital, carrying the
w ater partly through tunnels cut in the
rocks and partly on arcades on support
ing pillars of mason work to span valleys,
the channels being composed of cut stone
without cement. From these great aque
ducts a number of branch conduits and
furrows are laid laterally for irrigation
purposes.
The ancient waterworks at Jerusalem
consisted first of wells in the limestone
ridges on w hich the city was built ; but
as the population increased the Jews
were o Jiged to gather the rainfall during
the w inter season aud store it in tanks and
cisterns placed in secure enclosures and
within the walls of the temple. An aque
duct, constructed of stone laid in cement
brings water from the pools of Bethlehem,
about six miles, to a tank lying under the
chief Turkish mosque. The population
of .letusalem seldom suffered from water
famine. Strabo mentions as something
remarkable that there was always a plenti
ful supply of water within the city while
a famine prevailed in the region around
about. — New York Graphic.
Maternal Magnetism.
Why is a mother's hand on the head of
a sick child so soothing? Because her
love supplies electricity, which is a cura
tive force and a tonic. Animal elec
tricity is an agency not so well under
stood as it should be by women, though
they use it continually. It is erroneous
ly confounded with the massage treat
ment, which is nothing more or less than
merely rubbing the entire body. Animal
eh , ..city is imparted by careful manipu
lation of the muscles, performed by
neatly stretching them with both hands.
This produces an elasticity of action
which causes them to rise, thereby in
creasing their power to act. Women
whose fingers are supple and yet strong
can best impart electricity to their chil
dren. The treatment should be applied
mainly with the fingers. When the
nerves are prostrated they can be in
vigorated in the same way. They should
be neatly pressed in one direction and
a other, which tends to increase their
vitality. The general circulation can be
increased by lightly moving the hands
over the surface of blood vessels, not
rubbing them briskly, but using enough
force to quicken the circulation. Wo
men can become thorough animal elec
tricians if they will but devote them
selves to a careful study of anatomy.
The world is full of half-invalid women,
who should be restored to health by this
natural method. Drugs will not* help
them, but animal electricity applied
uuder the right condition will.— Wo
man's Argosy.
Armor Against Powder and Ball.
By 1450 the simplest c mplete armor
for horse and man cost about $2,000 of
our money, a large sum for a single sol
dier. One shot might ruin all this, and
knights, brave with their lives, hesitated
to risk a property so valuable and so hard
to replace. Thus the nobles retired to
the rear of battle, and in the pay of the
fifteenth century Prince-, half-anned
light cavalry appeared, doinz real ser
vice, but requiring time to obtain any
prestige. The knights did not learn
their ie-soa, but went on making armor
heavier, to resist the effects of powder.
They had a momentary success at Forno
vo. but ,t Alarignano and Ravenna the
Swiss and Spanish infantry handled
them roughly, while Favia proved their
inefficiency to all. It seemed to them
temb'e that such a knight as Bayard
should have his back broken by a pinch
of powder and a shot from a common sol
dier : but the change had to come. We
find the buff boot on the gentlemen who
charge at Ivry, and, in spite of Louis
Xi:l., armor in his reign degenerated
into a gala costume.— Scribner.
AGRICULTURAL.
TOPICS OF INTEREST RELATIVE
TO FARM AND GARDEN.
Favor Your Horses.
Some level-headed lover of equines
pertinently remarks that the man who
drags the life out of his team while
plowing with an old-fashioned, dilapi
dated plow, when a plow of some
improved pattern would do better work,
more of it, and with much less labor,
certainly does not deserve to be the
owner of a horse. If the road-cart rides
just as easy as the four-wheeled vehicles
that have been used for many years, an
swers every purpose, aud can be driven
with one-half the labor, then the proper
thing to do is to use the cart instead of
the heavier vehicle and save your horse
flesh. Horses that are willing to work
as best they can, at whatever they are
put, are certainly entitled to every con
venience that can be afforded them.
Practical Butter Ration.
Early cut hay, cut from ground dra'ned
by nature or by art, nice, sweet fodder,
corn or corn fodder, bright clover hay
with the leaves all saved, sound corn
meal and a few carrots will make the
best of butter in amount, color, aroma
and texture. Brau will cut down the
quantity and quality of the butter, e-pe
cially if given in large quantities. I
speak of it as a substitute for cornmeal.
There is no substitute for fine ground
cornmeal; not crushed, but flour of corn.
The energy of cows must be turned to
milk production and not to corn-grind
ing, nor to carry two pounds of corn to
digest one with its interference with di
gestion. We cannot afford to grind
thirty-cent corn for steers, but for cows
we can. Oats will not give the color to
the butter that corn will while the oil
meals give a less desirable color and
texture. A small amount of cotton-seed
meal is favorable to quantity if a large
amount of corn fodder is given, and in
small amounts not censurable. Two to
three pounds a day is all I desire, while
ten pounds of meal in total is enough
grain.— Prop’. Sanborn.
Number of Eggs from One Hen.
Enthusiastic poultry raisers, says a
writer in the New York World, are re
sponsible for occasional statements that
prove very misleading to amateurs. For
instance, we are told of hens that lay
180 or 200 eggs per year, and the inex
perienced man or woman is liable to
to think that he or she can go into raising
poultry and get that many eggs per year
from each hen. On this basis they figure
out a flue profit—seldom realized. Of
course, the number of eggs depends
somewhat on the breed. Small, well
cared-for flocks of Plymouth Rocks and
doubtless of other good egg-producers,
such as Hamburgs, Minorcas, etc., may
average 150 eggs per annum. On an or
dinary flock of chickens, having no
more than ordinary care, I would figure
something like this: Out of the 365
days of the year deduct say 90 for the
moulting sea on, during which no eggs
will be laid; this leaves 275 days; now,
say that the hen lays an egg every other
day regularly, this gives 137. But if a
hen hatches out a brood she loses time
again, and even the hens that do not sit
will take a short resting spell; so that I
would consider 120 eggs a first-class
average.
T > resit in a? Oats by Hand.
Some good farmers are readopting the
old method of threshing their oat crops
with a flail, leaving the work to be done
in winter, and thus furnishing Jemploy
ment to meu who would otherwise be
idle. There are some other advantages
in this practice not inc'uded in the em
ployment it gives to labor in winter.
The freshly threshed oat straw is readily
eaten by stock, and there are usually
enough light oats left in it to make it
possibly good feed It is better to leave
light oats in the straw than to put them
in the bin among the threshed grain, for
unless the grain is carefully graded some
of these light oats will go in the seed and
help to deteriorate the crop. With hand
threshed oats in cold weather, there has
been no danger that vitality of seed has
been impaired by heating.* While the
oat is in the sheaf any dampness in the
grain is absorbed by the cha f, and as the
head is bulky and porous it dries out
without injury. Oats titre-hed by ma
chine as soon as harvested, and* then
dumped, several hundted bushels, per
haps, in one bin, are pretty sure to heat.
It would be better in such case if the seed
were entirely spoiled instead of having its
vitality impaired. The crop comes up
weak, and if the season is not every wav
favorab e it is a partial failure at the best",
and this makes a larger proportion of
poor oats for seed the subsequent season.
Cutivator.
Profit in Sheep.
It seems as if every farmer could make
sheep profitable. It is not a difficult
thing to do to make a sheep yieid an in
come of $6 per year from her lamb and
fleece. In any of the older States, agood
lamb, tit to turn away in July, or before,
will bring :<4 in the local markets, and
eight pounds of unwashed wool, of me
dium or coarse grade, will surely bring
$?• The sheep may be valued "at ss°
This is the amount of capital required in
the sheep. To this must be added the use
of land for pasture and to cut hty from
for the winter. The pasture for a small
flock of sheep is an item of little cost, as
they can run in the early spring on the
land designed for corn,and if they do eat
this down close they will make it richer.
After the corn groun 1 is no longer avail
able, the buckwheat lot and the falloxv
land can be utilized for pasturing the
sheep. Some good farmers may say this
is pinching the sheep too closely, and the
lambs will not do well.
It must be remembered that sheep like
a short and sweet bite, so that a close
pasture is not amiss. This is not all.
Every flock of suckling ewes and ever ,
lot of lambs should have grain every dav
in regular feeds. Here is a secret our
readers should know. The money to be
made out of lambs is in a rapid and early
grownh. and this cau be brought about
the cheapest an l the best wdth additional
food, such as they need, and that spe
cially adapted to make milk and growth.
Every man who owns any land and who
wants to get anything from it can well
afford to buy bran, if he does not have it,
and to feed it to all young animals and
all suckling ones. He will certainly get
it back by feeding it plentifully to sheep
and lambs in both growth and in the ma
nure. -heep thus fed will shear double
the amount of wool that they will con
fined to b y and grass, i-heep will do
well on c ear clover hay before lambinm
and if in tine condition they will do we!i
fed exclusiielv on it afterward, but a
little grain, even when fed on this, the
best of hay. will help wonderfully and
pay in the ext'a growth. It is folly to
expect any profit in sheep when not lib
erally fed. It will make half-difference
in the lambs. Any man can figure out
the difference, allowing two gills a day,
or a full pint for three or more months,
with the results, or no graia with its re
sults. It must not be forgotten that
sheep can by good feeding be made fa ■-
tors for enriching the farm, and this is a
grand consideration. Our Country
Home.
Farm and Garden Notes.
It costs no more to raise good live stock
than poor oues.
Old turkeys produce the best and
hardiest chicks.
Clean stables will help to Tiring your
horse through the winter with a clean
bill of health.
Alouldy silage is unwholesome, of
course, but silage properly stored can
not become mouldy.
Don’t let fowls eat snow'. It causes
looseness in the bowelsand prevents hens
from laying. Give good, pure water.
A writer in the American Cultivator
favors sowing beans broadcast, as you
would any grain, alw'ays putting them
on greensward.
AVhenyou have raised a forage crop do
not sell it. Feed it to live stock, and thus
have manure aud have crops, and always
sell your crops through your stock.
An exchange suggests: “Whenever a
farmer gets a labor-saving implement for
himself, let him think if something to
save his wife from kitchen labor cannot
also besecuted.”
The Farm, Slock and Home says: “ A
cow'is in her prime when she is from
four to six years old, aud the best paying
time to buy is just after the birth of her
second or third calf.”
Carrots, beets, mangolds, or English
turnips, when gathered, should he topped
with care, should be put in tight barrels,
or piled directly upon the bottom of a
cool and damp cellar.
Sheep like variety, and if this is fur
nished, a very small amount of grain can
be made to answer. If corn is fed it
always is preferable to at least have it
shelled, if not chopped.
Every farmer should maintain a good
garden. Vegetables fresh from the gar
den are always healthful and more palat
able than those purchased in the market.
Peas show a marked contrast.
Alany farmers are studying the science
of making lean pork. There is a good
deal iu it, but the old way is probably
the better one. Alake your swine weigh
as much as possible by the science of
good feeding.
The pear is thought by some to be the
most useful of small fruits to one w'ho
has a garden. It takes but little room,
bears early, arid in succession from July
until November, and it is a fruit that
most persons like.
An open shed with a yard attached
will not answer for the pigs in the
w'inter season. They should be well pro
tected, having a house with a door that
can be closed at night, and provided
with plenty of dry litter.
A thick coating of whitewash on the
walls of the cellar will be as productive
of benefit now as during the w r arm season.
It will also make the cellar light and
cheerful, and greatly assist in oreserving
the purity of the atmosphere.
As far as the experiments have been
conducted it lias been demonstrated that
when wheat is sixty cents per bushel it is
the cheapest grain that can lie used as
food for stock, being more nutritious than
corn and better adapted lor growing
stock.
The Sheep Breeder says sheep require
to be fed oftener than any other stock,
and it is really more essential to feed a
small quantity often than a large quanti
ty all at once, and wait until they have
eaten this up clean before feeding again.
Like hogs, it is necessary to feed them
regularly.
When manuring fruit trees, remetnbei
that the feeding roots are not at or near
the trunk of the tree, hut at the extremi
ty of the larger roots, therefore nearly
under the extremity of the branches and
often-beyond them. In an old orchard
the entire surface of the ground should
be covered with manure.
Dry sleeping places are indispensable
to sheep. If compelled to remain on
damp locations the wool will dry very
slowly, and the animals will often con
tract lung troubles. Sheep are liable to
more diseases than any other class of
farm stock, and for that reason should
be more carefully protected.
Whether it be best to spread the ma
nure on land intended for corn in wintei
or spring depends on the land. If too
rolling, much of the soluble matter of
the manure will be washed out and car
ried off by the rains, unless the land has
been plowed and left in the rough
condition (unharrowed i, so that the
rains may more easily carry the matter
downward. It is best to haul the ma
nure now. if it can be done, so as to
avoid such labor in the spring, which i9
usually the busy season.
The Guernsey Breeder says soft-wood
charcoal, especially willow, ought always
to be kept in the cow stable. If a cow
does not look bright give a teacupful in
her bran and other feed and wet up. If
her breath is bad. her horns hot and her
nose dry, she is dyspeptic and feverish.
Give her charcoal. If she has hollow horn,
give charcoal, half a teaspoonful at each
meal for three or four days. Treat wolf
in the tail in the sime way. The wolf
can’t stand charcoal. It is an excellent
thing to give charcoal all around once a
week.
The cost of milk depends upon the
cost of the food, hence the more milk
received from a cow in proportion to
food given the cheaper the cost. But
unless warm quarters be given a large
quantity of food must be diverted to
creating warmth for the body, and it
would therefore be economical to keep
the cows comfortable in order to cheapen
the cost by lessening the amount of food
required for bodily warmth. In other
words, shelter is food, as it protects the
animals against cold.
Nomadic Pagans in Russia.
A nomadic people living in the Upper
Ural in Russia, and called Vaguls, are
pagans. In winter they live in wooden
cabins, while in summer they go out
among the mountains and dwell under
canvas. Their winter clothing is made
of camel skin and their summer of linen.
As is the rule among savage races, the
women are little better thanAlaves. The
Vaguls worship the bear, and consider
as sacred different parts of the forest, for
which they have a superstitions terror.
They sacrifice daily to their deity a
stallion previously greased. Contact
with Russians is beginning to civilize
these people.
Weight of the Human Heart. Etc.
The average weight of men s hearts is
eleven ounces each, and of women’s only
nine ounces. Thus when they gi\e and
take or exchange heait-, man is the loser,
quality beiDg equal. Alan’s average
brain weighs 494 ounces and woman’s 44.
The average weight of both lungs is for
men 45 ounces and for women 32 ounces.
Garfield's right lung weighed it and the
left 27 ounces, making 59 ounces of
lungs, or 14 ounce? in excess of the
average.— Philadelphia Call.
'WHARF RATS.” /
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■ -i % i
' EN WHO LIVE RY STEALING?
FROM DOCKS AND SHIPS. ,
Plunder Hidden in the River’s Bed
—Thieves Who are Expert Di
vers —Selling the Loot
to Junkmen.
■
A great city like New York contains
many people who live by violating our
liwsand these people are divided into
j odd group-, each having a distinctive
purpose of its own. One of these groups
infests the water front of New York
and nowhere in our civilization can be
found a more degraded cla-s of criminals.
The members are known to the police
j and to the watchmen on the ships as
I “ wharf rats.” The title is certainly
well chosen. The wharf rats are expert
swimmers and divers and are as agile in
avoiding the police as is any intelligent
j -odent in escaping from the clutches of a
I jat. These men and grown-up boys live
as criminals from choice. They extract
more happiness from the theft of a bag of
; notice or a coil of rope than the average
person would from a present. If shot at
while stealing from a ship's cargo
llicy iump into the river, sink out of
sight and come to the surface under the
i protecting shade of a wharf. If not
j wounded they take their experience as a
joyful adventure. If wounded they rest
an the rafters under the pier until night
comes along, when confederates take
them away. The most conspicuous of
all the wharf rats of New York is Buck
shot Taylor. He has carried several
loads of buckshot in his legs and back
and one side of hi- face is also disfigured
because of liis unexpected acquaint-'
mice with a shot-gun. Taylor never
steals rope or coffee unless he is hard up.
liis specialty is the theft of bars of lead.
He is as wide-awake as a lynx after a
snow-fall, and always knows where to
look for his plunder. Taylor will dive
under a wharf and fasten an end of thin
wire rope to one of the rafters. Then,
with the other end in his hand, he xvill
sneak on board a lead-laden schooner,
and fasten the wire to his plunder.-
Another wharf rat keeps watch while
this is being done. If the coast is
clear the loot is dropped into the
water where it sinks o tof sight. Then
the thief, who is as much at home in the
water as on the land, dives out of sight,
coming up, of course, under the wharf
where the wire is fastened to the rafters.
One of the heavy bars of lead will net
from $3 to $4 at anyone of the junk shops
which abound along the river front. If
Buckshot Taylor steals two or three bars
a week during the spring, summer and
autumn months he feels happy, for all he
cares for is a little food, plenty of whisky
and a constant supply of tobacco. Taylor
is a hard man for the police to catch.
Buckshot Taylor is the best known of
the wharf rats, but there are hundreds
who follow in his footsteps. Asa rule
they commit no greater crime than petty
larceny. The majority of the wharf rata
do their work at night and move about on
the water in rowboats. Their specialty is
the stealing of rope, which is an article
easy to di-pose of to juukmen who do busi
ness with shipmasters. If chased by the
harbor police they abandon their boat
and swim,under cover of the darkness, to
places of refuge under the wharves.
Some of these fellows make a specialty of
using giant augurs and boring through
the flooring of the doc sand into the
sugar barrels that have been unloaded
from snips. They empty the sugar into
bags and then dispose of it when the op
portunity offers. All these wharf rats do
not carry their plunder to the stores a.ong
South and w est streets. In some cases
the plunder is too bulky, and in other
cases the wharf rats are too well imown to
risk discover}' by carrying the stolen
j goods in the street. Friendly junkmen
; till this deficiency. There is a band
!of junkmen that goes from wharf
jto wharf iu boats and buys
1 old stuff from the ca tains of
\ ships. Sometimes llic-e junkmen have
i something to sell iu the way of rope,
anchor chains and pulley-blocks. The
i wha'f rats await the coming of these
j junkmen, and in their lairs under the
| wharves make their sales of stolen prop
! erty. One shipmaster buys the rope
i and other stuff stolen from another ship,
and so there is a constant demand by
junkmen for the plunder obtained by the
I wharf rats.
In the summer months the wharf rats
j sleep in row-boats under the wharves, oi
in the daytime upon the docks. Not a
j few of them who steal at night sneak
upon the summer excursions of local so
cial clubs, and when they are stupid from
j drinking beer sleep under the benches to
be found on all excursion barges. When
they find themselves penniless they sweep
out the ginmills that line the river front,
and with the dime they get for their
labor buy coffee and cakes. Others fish
from the ends of the piers, and if they
catch a string of fi h have no trouble in
obtaining a quarter from the liquor store
proprietors, who oiler “tine fish
chowder ” free as an inducement for
longshoremen to spend five cents for
beer or ten cents for whiskey. A
quarter of a dollar goes a long way with
a river crook, for next to the satisfaction
of stealing he find his greatest comfort
in chewing the cheapest kind of tobacco.
The wharf rats who have good lortune
divide with their companions who have
ill luck. In this way the proceeds of a
day’s plunder will make a large number
of the thieves happy. The hundreds
that sleep on the piers in summer have
to find ten-cent iodring houses in win
ter. Such of these as have not courage
to pick pockets or steal from the stands
outside of stores get a little money in the
winter by begging. It is not easy to
steal from the docks in the winter, and
so ninety per yent. of the whaif rats
have to exist as best they can until the
severity of the weather pas-es away and
permits them to use the water and the
under side of the wharves as aids to
their methods of thieving. These wharf
rats have a great horror of policemen,
and. even when not guilty of any recent
crime, keep away from the vicinity of
the blue-coats. A few of the river crooks
become professional burglars and in
many cases sneak thieves. Alany of them
tire of their hard experience and ship
before the mast, and a natural percentage
find death in the river, a temporary
place on a slab in the Alorgue and then
rest in Potters Field —M >u an/1 Express.
Pet Terriers on Fifth Avenue.
Favorite fluffy terriers, which look
very like muffs with eyes, are taken out
for airings these cool afternoons on Fifth
avenue half-buttoned into the overc< at
or seal jacket of their owners. There is
something decidedly novel in the specta
cle of a rosy-cheeked girl of the period
with big dog-bead buttons on her jacket
and a real live dog’s head pee ing out
of the folds of her bosom. It is eve
so much easier for the masculine dog
fancier to treat his pet to a promenad
whiak the beady-eyed little beast appre
, slates from a warm corner in his master's
ntotnr. —New York TF irrld.
3