Newspaper Page Text
THE MONROE ADVERTISER.
VOL XXXIX.
LOVE'S MEETING.
Low*. who met me on the way,
Elssod life * winter into May,
And through hills of ley snow
bright I saw the violets blow.
While, through clouds of stormy frowu,
Rremnod the splendid sunlight down,
And I heard not Love’s sweet wortla
For th»> singing of the birds!
Love, who met me on the way,
At my b«ot in violets lay;
Never snow upon a hill
Dreamed ns cold, as white, ns still!
And from heaven* of tending grace,
HtroHtncd the sunlight on his face;
And f heard not Love's sweet words
For the singing of the birds !
-Frank L. Ktanton, in Atlanta Constitution
DISENCHANTED.
BY A. H. HOLDEN,
UK path looked
/j cool it and followed pleasant the
ns
course of the little
stream, which in
the ancient, days
N of its might had
HUH 'Jim 'if 1 ' towering
Hh,nider nrid
4''‘1^ ,hnndered tko rock like down
R
‘ giant water-sprite.
rho yellow sunlight flickered down
through the interlacing branches of
the huge (dll flees, its intense heat
tempered somewhat by that cool con
tact. Farther down, the ravine
widened and finally lost itself in level
arming lands, through which < ho brook
flowed gently, watering the flocks and
herds of the honest farmer-folk of this
thrifty Hunker settlement. The farm
houses were mostly of the the same
atyle; plain, wooden, two-storied
structures, with wide porches running
across the trouts and shaded by locust
trees.
A young girl passed down the steps
of the house nearest to the mouth of
the ravine, and sauntered up the path.
As she entered its shady recesses she
pushed back her stiff pasteboard tun¬
nel of a Hunbonuet from her sweet,
pure face. There was n faint trace of
tears in her innocent blue eyeys. Her
flaxen lmir was manifestly in rebellion
against her convictions as to what
was right and decorous for one of her
religious belief, and many a riotous
little curl broke out of its confining
bonds. Soon she began to sing, with
sweet but.somewhat nasal tone, iu un¬
conscious imitation of Brother Israel,
who led the singing in the brick meet¬
ing-house at the cross-rvads, the fa¬
miliar hymn:
“Ami let this feeble body fail,
And lot It fail and die.”
Rebecca Kinsey’s voice modulated
to a faint thread of melody, as she
caught a glimpse of a young man high
up on llic cl iff on the opposite side of
the creek, moving in and out among
the bushes. Suddenly sh e was brought
back to earth by a voice almost over
her head, calling out excitedly,
‘Hello, fljorndyke, I’ve found the
tinest specimen of— ’ and a young
man, with a tm herbarium strapped to
Ills waist, came tumbling down the
ror\.s at Rebecca s feet. Evidently ns
lie turned to accost liis friend, the j
stone upon avIuoIi his weight rested i
liad given way. He lay across the
path, pale aud motionless.
I horndyko climbed quickly down
the rocks, cleared the brook* with a
bound, and was at his friend’s side as
he gave a laiut gasp and slowly opened
Rebecca dipped her hand¬
kerchief in the water and bathed liis
pallid face. Thorndyke poured some
brandy from his pocket flask, and
his friend’s head gave him to
drink.
“Well, how are you now, Damond?”
he.
“All right, T guess,” answered Da¬
faintly; then he attempted to
”1 can’t do it,” he added.
“Something s the matter Avith my left
ami right arm.
* ‘How Ave are ever to get out of this :
don't see. suit! Thorndyke. “You
t walk a step, and it’s a mile down
Avhere this gorge ends. ”
“I think, said Rebecca, “I can help
' Jtst a few steps further on is a
up tin' rocks ’most a> easy as go
up stairs. I am strong, aud I can
one side of him and you the other.”
continued, addressing Thorndyke
indicating the injured man with
little brown hand.
“Is there any house near?” asked
“It s, responded Rebecca, “Aunt
Rinehart lives right at the top of !
cliff, bhe s real handy about sick
,
OSS.
Dainoud was in too much pain to be
embarrassed by receiving as- j
much from difficulty this they rustic toiled beauty, the as j
stairway. up | .
Aunt Susy surveyed the singular J
party, as they emerged from
gorge, with wide-eyed astonish- j
m'Ut ;
Why. bless your soul! bring him
right in the house, ' was her hospitable ;
greeting. “The doctor’s jest making a ;
visit over on the next farm. We’ll get j
here right away.’
An hour later the bustle had sub
sided and Damond was lying, quiet
and comfortable, listening to the con
versation going on between Aunt Susy
aud Rebecca. ,
“Icome over to tell you.” said Re- j
becca, “that Si6ter Rachel Miller’s;
wuss and has been au’iuted for death,
and they want you to come over,
Mother's been there ’most all day aud
jest got home as I started here. ”
“I reckon I can go, replied Aunt
Susy, “if you’ll stay while I’m gone
and kind o’ get things started for sup
per. I’ve got a quilt goin in the
settin’-room, and it won t be handy to
have about, and I wish you’d come
over for a few days ami help tluish it j
up. The doctor says this young man
must stay here a coup le o f /weeas, j
t: O v H H—* o trm w kFj a — -- i Eh C Ha •H Sx2 oc > c z c C) ' * — 1894
- .
I ain't sorry, 1 ve got tired runniu
in * rut. The same old things over
and over again. I thought I’d change
it a little this mornin and get my own
breakfast first, but, law ! old Brindle
bawled bo I jest gave up.”
“By Jove!” fumed Fred Damond,
two weeks after his accident, “I snp
pose I looked like a fool lying there
sprawl 2 d out at that pretty girl’s feet,
those to say rocks nothing of clattering down
like a tin peddler’s cart
coming to grief.”
“Yes,” replied Thorndyke, “vou did
look ridiculous, I solemnly assure you.
There was a dab of mud on the end of
your nose and your coat was split
down the *
back. And now let me tell
you—I’ll be hanged if I don’t think
you’re shamming a good deal for an
excuse to stay here and play your old
tricks ! Why can’t you let that "irl
alone? Do you think’I didn’t see you
j the other day, when you had her put
some withered, worthless specimens in
a press, get your head so close to hers
that your Hyperion curls actually
touched her cheek? and you kept put
ting your big hand close to hers to !
help, ns you called it. ”
“Well, what’s a fellow to do? I’m
ad banged up,” complained Damond,
“and I've got to amuse myself some
Wft y- What lovely red lips she has,”
continuined he, brightening, “and
how can they * speak" such atrocious
English?”
“I’ve got to leave here,” said Thorn
dyke, gloomily, as he folded up a let
ter. “If I had as much money as you
have I’d stay here and watch you, and
see after that poor little moth. You’d
better get away from here just as
quick as you can; if you stay much
longer I’ll write to your mother, if she
is on the other side of the pond. Any¬
how, I’ll give Julia Deven a hint, and
she’d como flying here and stop all
your nonsense.”
The days lengthened into weeks.
Damond lmd no longer a good excuse
for lingering ; his ankle Avas well and
he often forgot to carry his arm in
the sling he ostentatiously retained,
but ho declared it Avas an excellent re¬
gion for botanizing, and so he strolled
up and doAvn the gorge two or three
times a day with his herbarium, which
he seldom opened, spending most of
his time at the Kinsey farm-house,
watching Rebecca as she busied her¬
self with her homely duties, Iu the
evenings he sat with Rebecca on the
porch or under the locust trees, in the
moonlight, Avhile he talked of the gay
world she had never seen, and sang
love songs, somewhat out of tune
to be sure, that he had sung to
many another maiden. On Sundays
he punctually made liif^ appearance at
the meeting-house and gazed at the
rows of Bweet, mild-faced women in
their immaculate laAvn caps and neck¬
erchiefs.
Many remonstrating letters came
from Thorndyke, aud anxious ones
from liis mother, proposing to sail for
home if he were not soon able to re- ;
turn to the city, and Miss Deven, his s
fiancee, assailed him Avith tender, sym
pathetic missives, and even suggested
coming to him with a chaperon aud
the family physician.
The great magician, Love, had cast
his spell over Rebecca. She breathed
enchanted air. When she roused her
self to consider the situation practic¬
ally she saw only one ending, and that !
Avas marriage Avith her city lover, and by!
so a poor little letter written
brother Israel’s son, offering his “hand
aud heart.” remained unanswered and •
almost forgotten. t
Damond took no thought of the mor
row. He knew that all this must soon J
come to an end. How could he pre- i
than cipitate ho the thought. crisis? It One came sooner j
from Miss day a letter
came Deven, proposing that
lie should join her, with a party of
friends, at theSpriugs, a favorite water¬
ing-place not far away, or if he were
not able to do so. Julia and her mother
Avould spend a feAv weeks at the near¬
est hotel in order to be with him as
much as possible.
Some hours later Aunt Susy proceed
ed to relieve her mind,
“I Avaut to know,” queried she, “it
you’re triflin’Avith that girl! She’s as
good as you are, to say the least, and
her father owns two of the finest farms
about here, aud Becky’s ‘ the only |
child.” ‘
“Trifling!” exclaimed Damond, red
dening, “I don’t know- Avhat you I
mean.” "
.
“I’m going out to milk,” snapped
Aunt Susy, “and you can jest study
over it while I’m goue.” ’ I
Damond resisted an almost over- i
powering A-isit impulse to pay his usual !
evening to Rebecca ; he resolutely
set about packing up his belongings, j
and for fear his courage would fail he i
sent a telegram to Miss Deven stating !
that he would meet her at the Springs.
p oor Rebecca sat on the porch
alone, watching and waiting for her
recreant lover. Sometimes as the
shadows shifted sho thought she »w
■
him emerge from the ravine, and her
heart would give a glad bound. Never
was the witchery of the moonlight so
strong, never was the music of the
evening breeze so sweet. Rebecca sat
the moon went down and the
clouds gathered over the stars. The
sung of the night wind changed to a
,
A\ail that found echo in her heart, and
brand by the storm burst in all its
fury. With sinkiug heart she gave
him up and ----. Avent „„ sa n„ lly to i----- her room. j
Damond promised himself one more
stroll through the ra\*ine Avith Re
becca. Certainly he must bid her
good-bye ; even Aunt Susy could not
object to that. ;
“I am going away this afternoon. ”
said Damond, as he and Rebecci were
taking their last walk together.
Rebecca gave a little start at this
unexpected aBuonu .*ement and dropped
the bonnet that sh - was swinging by
the strings. As Damond stooped to
pick it up the picture of Miss Devin,
Athich he had repentantly returned to |
its accustomed place iu his pocket, fell
! out in full view,
j then, ‘’Now bracing or never,” himself, thought he said, he, and in
answer to Rebecca's inquiring glance,
“this is the lady I have promised to
marry.”
j Rebecca smothered a gasp. A late
1 Wlld rose> tiie last one ’ hun S a llttle
way n P 1)auk and slie turned away,
I her reachin S upward to pluck it. It gave
I H raoment in which to recover her
sclf ‘ Her womanly pride came to the
] resc ue, an d she rose to the occasion.
! As bhe turned R " ftin slie Haid -
And l aui mairy brother Israels
. phase of the
Wftfi a uew matter,
. else wanted this
au Y one sweet wild
flower > Damond wanted it more than
ever » and. lie felt an overwhelming re
Hent, " cnt toward “brother Israel’s
son ” He took the from her cold
rose
ftnd trembling hand with a hand as
coId aud unst eady, and folding it it au
env<do P e P ut it iu his pocket next his
heart - iIe stood silent a feiv mo
menta - How Hiilike those beautiful
e J e8 were to .Julia’s small, piercing,
1>lack orbs ’ tliat wealtl1 of rippling yel
low hair to Julia scanty frizzed locks.
* n a moment of delirium he thought to
1>reak engagement with Julia and
take this fair girl to be his wife, and
then the absurdity of it all appeared
Id °w out of place she would look in
mother’s drawing-room! How liis
friends would ridicule him, while she
would be only a target for the small
°f kis set! He could not protect
her from the annoyances of a false
position, and persuading himself that
he loved her too well to bring her into
an uncongenial atmosphere, he put the
mad dream aside. He took her hand.
“Good-bye,” he faltered—and then he
folded her close to his heart—“Oh,
my darling! I could not help loving
you, but I never meant to tell you so.
Forgive me, oh, forgive me! I could
not help speaking, but I "have promised
to marry this lady and I cannot break
my word.”
He bad chosen his words well.
Poor little Rebecca could not under¬
stand how wide was .the social gulf
which lay between them, but she could
comprehend a moral obligation, To
her a promise was sacred.
“Give me a kiss of forgiveness,” he
implored, with a voice choked with
emotion. And there in the gorge
where first they met, these two fond,
foolish young lovers wept and parted.
Ten years after Damond, then a
grave family man, went through the
market followed by a servant carrying
a large basket. He paused at a stand -
of country produce. There were rolls
of golden butter, baskets of snowy
eggs, jars of limpid honey, and rows
of plump dressed poultry. There was
something familiar in the face of the
attending Dunker woman, and in the
sound of her Aoice as he inquired the
price of her commodities, and it Avas
not long before memory established
connection. It Avas Rebecca,
K roxm 8tout Rud commonplace. She
had a comfortable double chin, and
the once glorious eyes looked out over
ruddy masses of flesh. Her hair had
grown coarser and darker aud the rip¬
ples had almost yielded to the com¬
pulsion of rigorous bindings, A
cheerful, long-haired, broad-shodldered
man assisted about the stand and oc¬
casionally addressed her affectionately
as ‘ ‘Becky. ” Damond filled his basket
Wlth purchases while memory was
husy with the past. Time, the great
disenchanter, had done his Avork Avell.
gleam of recognition lit Rebecca’s
e Y e8 > no sorrowful memory disturbed
her P lacid features. Clearly, her con
tented eoul ' vas no longer oppressed
with sorrowfni recollections, and with
a si §' h for the old enchanted days,
Damond turned aAvay.— Worthington’s
M a S az ine.
A Rabbit-Hunting Cat.
Fisli and Game Warden Georoe
Parmer, of New Castle, is just now
wrestling with a difficult problem, as
to whether it is his duty to arrest Will
iam C. Robinson, the confectioner.
Mr. Robinson has a large eat, which
came directly from Madagascar Island.
Like the cats there it has no tail, and
^hen it runs it resembles a rabbit. Its
oAY&er is a hunter, and the cat, named
Arcus, renders A'aluable assistance in
catching rabbits. The cat can crawl
l nto almost any crevice or burrow that
wd l hold a rabbit. It then drives
them out, and in the race that follows
is always a winner.
One day this winter the cat was sue
cessful in catching no less than nine
t een rabbits. Game Warden Parmer
is trying to find a law that will pre
v ent Robinson using the cat for hunt
purposes, as there is a law against
ferrets. A man named Brown, in
Township, this county, has
» big gray squirrel which he has !
trained to hunt and kill rabbits, but
iu the ease of Arcus no training was ;
necessary.—Pittsburg Dispatch. !
Militarr ~ .. 'alne r* ot . the _ Dog.
The French were the first to realize
the military ability of the dog when
against the Kabyles in Tunis
and Algeria. Next the Russians fol
lowed suit in the last Eastern war and
then the Austrians, who consider the
dog of the greatest use in discovering
an ambuscade. The Dutch employ the j
animals for fhe same purpose inAcheen i 1
as a dog will give immediate warning j
of of any any foe foe concealed concealed in in the the jungle. jungle. In In j ^
TnnVir* Tonkin the French find dogs Invalu- i
able to prevent a surprise from the aa- »
tives, solitary for sentries uithout such and warning small many de- | j
even
taehments have fallen victims to the !
hidden foe. Even in Switzerland -
large Bosco dogs at the are St. kept Gothard at Fort Fondo above del j !
pass 1
Ariolo, for the purpose of posts/ accompany
ing sentries to outlying The j
dogs are especially useful for eommuni
cation in mountainous regions, as the j
Pyrenean smugglers have long since *
found out.—Detroit Free Press.
ITALY’S FA\ OH ITJE FOOD.
FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC PRO¬
CESSES of MAKisv Macaroni.
-4
Almost %
In Europe It is Entirely
Handmade, While in the United
States Machinery js Utilized.
T i J HE making of macaroni is un¬
doubtedly increasing iu the
United States, and this is bv
no means dneft the growth of
the Italian populatiqp here alone.
Americans are taking more and more
kindly to this sort of food.
Macaroni, save the Scientific Ameri¬
can, is a preparation c f wheat origin¬
ally peculiar to Italy, in which coun¬
try it is an article of food of national
importance. The same substance in
different forms is known as vermi¬
celli, spaghetti, Itali><U pastes, tagli
oni, etc. These substances are pre
pared from hard, semi-translucent
varieties of wheat. Hard wheats
are richer in gluten than the soft and
tender wheats. These wheat prepara¬
tions styled macaroni are met with in
various forms, such az line thin threads
called vermicelli, from its thread¬
worm-like appearance, thin sticks and
jiipes, stars, disks, ribbons, tubes, etc.
In the manufacture of macaroni
about 100 pounds <7? semolina or
granulated wheat is first put into a
circular iron mixing machine three
feet in depth and two feet in diameter.
A quantity of boiling water is then
added and the substance mixed up
into a stiff dough by a revolving shaft
armed with circular teeth which runs
down through the centre of fhe ma¬
chine. The dough is then taken out
and placed in a circular wooden rolling
machine three feet in height and eight
feet in diameter, over which for forty
minutes travels a revolving granite
roller five feet in diameter, eighteen
inches in width, weighing three tons.
After the dough has -been thoroughly
rolled and pressed, if is placed in a
kneading machine. A layer of dough
about four inches in thickness and
about eight inches in width is placed
around the outer edge of a circular re
volving pan six feet in diameter and
eighteen inches deep.
Attached to the framework of the
machine across the centre oi the pan
are two loose eone-fhaped gearing
whels, which in turn devolve, burying
their teeth into tine dough, This
operation continues about twenty
minutes, thoroughly mixing and
kneading the subs! *jp e. It is then
placed inthecylind* the macaroni
press. These cyli? are about 2i
*feet in diameter, in length ambfJwjftpyitfteer ioMms
on the inside of AV'hich,
resting on a flange at the bottom, is a
copper mould. These moulds are about
one inch thick and perforated with
holes through which the pipes of
macaroni are passed. The pipes are
made hollow by means of a circular
piece of copper held in place by a pin
running across the centre of the hole
on the inner side o$ the mould. As
the dough is pressed over the pins it
divides in the centre and unites itself
again as it passes out of the mould. j
About 100 pounds of dough is placed
in the cylinders at a time, which i.s
pressed out through the moulds by i
means of an accurately fitting plunger
or piston. One thousand pounds
pressure is used, the cylinder empty
ing itself in about forty-five minutes,
As the pipes of macaroni pass out of
the mould they are cut off into ten
foot lengths and taken to the cutting
table, where they are recut into small
lengths for drying. The macaroni is |
then placed on pasteboard and racked
away for eight days to dry, in a
temperature of eighty degrees, when
it is placed in boxes and is ready for
market. The company employs about
125 Italian hands and turns out about
3,500,000 pounds yearly.
Having thus described the method
of manufacturing macaroni in New i
York, we will now gh-e an account of
the wav the article is made bv hand in
* ‘
Italy.
The hardest and flintest varieties of
wheat are selected, first washed and j
thoroughly dried in the sun. This
wheat is then coarsely ground and run i
through a revolving sieve to separate
the starch from the bran and flinty
portions. It is then successively I
passed through a series of six hand
sieves, each a little finer than the pre
ceding, for the purpose of separating j
the flinty portions from the bran. This i
apparently simple process requires con
siderable skill, and a certain knack
which it takes time to acquire. The
motion which is given to the sieves by
the sifters is half rotary and half up
and down, with an indescribable side
motion, which can only be character
ized as a “boomerang,’ for it throws
the mass which is being sifted in an
opposite direction to that taken by the |
sieve. i
Every few minutes each sifter pauses |
and worked skims to the off top the and bran center which of has the J
™T e > “ d *“ er tbese nmuipu- ;
lations ihere remains s dean Itintr
farina, known as semolina. This is
then mixed with warm water into a stiff
dough, and this dough is thoroughly
kneaded by means of a long prism-like,
hardwood lever, so adjusted that the
spring of the timber maybe utilized
in alternately raising and depressing it
u P on the mass of dough, whichisthen i
pressed and kneaded into the required ;
consistency. It is rather amusing to
see see two two or or three three men men sitting sitting on on the the j ■
PTul end of of this this IpVftr lever ftTlfl and bobbing bnlYhincr up nr» onrl and ! !
down so as to throw their weight at •
on e instant on the lever, bringing it
down into the dough, and then allow
in g it to spring up again, in order
that it may be brought down in a new
place. After it has been . tans mixed and j
kneaded for about hour, the dough j
an
I 3 put into presses with perforated
bottom, and pressure being appl’^1,
it comes out through these holes in
the shape known to us as macaroni. At
thjs stage of the_ pr ocess it its, of A
conr6C > S °R and flexible, nml iu order
to keep the various little strings ol
dough from sticking together, it h
constantly fuune<l by a boy, so tha1
the current of air thus made may slight
j ly dry the outside of the strings and
prevent them from adhering. It s
then cut off and hung on racks oi
frames made of bamboo to dry. As it
hangs on the frames the different
pieces are of unequal length, and a
boy passes rapidly over them, wriug
. ff I lie longer ends . to make them
m S°
uniform.
The drying process has to be done
in the shade and in a place not ex¬
posed to the wind ; for, if dried too
quickly, or if the sleuder pieces we’re
! blown against one another, they would
be apt to break. When sufficiently
dry it is removed from the frames and
packed in boxes such as are familiar
to all grocers.
| The different sizes are made by
changing the movable bottoms of the
: press and employing different sized
f perforations. Each of these perfora¬
ted holes has a core or center around
which the dough has to pass, and this
produces the hollow which is a char¬
acteristic of the macaroni. The rea¬
son of this arrangement is, if the mac
arona is made solid, it would take very
long to dry when hung upon racks,
and also when dried it. would be very
difficult to cook ifr without a great deal
of boiling, and impossible to do so
uniformily. So important is this con¬
sidered, and so defective do the Ital¬
ians regard the product if not thus
perforated, that a proverb has arisen
in Italy to the effect that * ‘A foolish
person is like macaroni without any
hole in it.”
Vermicelli is made from the same
material and in the same way as mac¬
aroni, except that it is not hollow, it
being so small that it is neither prac*
ticable nor necessary to make it so.
SELECT SIFTimS.
Palm leaves on the Amazon grow
thirty feet long,
Cotton having a beautiful red color
is being groAvn in some parts of
Georgia.
Kid gloves are sewed with cotton
thread> ftS it does not cu t the kid as
readiIy fls silk .
Tke Hun S ariau has e *Pfi
enced more vicissitudes than any other
crown in Europe.
According to the measurements
given in the Bible, the Ark Avasa larger
vessel than the Great Eastern.
A white deer, the first seen iu Penn*
sy] vania for years, Avas killed near
Foxburg, in that State, recently,
Of the numerous centenarians in
England, the oldest is William Button,
of the Thanet Union, now in his 105th
year.
Down to the Norman conquest the
Britons had “living money’’ and “dead
money,” the former being slaves and
cattle, the latter metal.
In the Orient drinking water is
cooled by filling a porus earthenware
i ar > evaporation being great
enough to cool water on the hottest
da J a * ew Lours’ time,
A break iu the main Avater pips iu a
street iu Toombstone, Avieona, was
found to have been caused by the roots
of a tree which had grown around the
pipe and crushed it so that it burst.
Two hundred Australians, under the
leadership of William Lane, are found
ing a “New Australia” in Paraguay, 400°fam
The colony proposes to settle
Hies in the country within two years.
There is said to be but one British
home remaining where the old feudal
custom is observed of guests and ser¬
vants all dining together on Christmas
night and the dance afterward being
led by the hostess Avith the game
keeper.
there has pist been born at Bains
l° rd > Falkirk, a boy whose mother is
8even l een > his grandmother thirty
fon /’ ^ great-grandmother great-great gram fifty-four mot.ier
.
ohty-tnree, , and all a!h-e and
el are
we ’ I-hev are working people,
A Massachusetts thief has been sys
tematically stealing canary birds. The
theory is that he carries a ladder,
opens second-story windows, as these
are usually left unfastened, quietly un
hooks the cage and carries off the
songster. The police have not yet ap
prehended him.
Sandwich men on the streets of
London are required bv law to Avalk
near the curbstone, but not on the
sidewalk, and not less than thirty
yards must separate each sandAvich
man from his nearest placarded corn
rade. The fine for violating the regtt
lations is $2.50 for each offence.
When an old black walnut tree
twent t K f .
was cut down at Flatbusb Lon 2 Isl
and ’f the other dav a four-foot hole
was OU n d i n jtg ce ntre from its roots
to its branches ^ 4t the first branch a
red CUIrant , rash thrive ,l fo! three
anfi thi „ it ia thou?ht . slw , eJ
the life from the tree’s heart
TVliy Rais Gnaw Uonliai;all>.
Have you any idea why it is that
rats, mice and squirrels are continually
gnawing at something? They do not do
this for pure tvantonness, as people
generally imagine, but because they
are forced to. Animals of that class,
especially especially the the rats, rats, have have A teeth which ’ ’ ’
ftnntinnp continue f/i to grow orrAtrncIntvV as lon£ as their owner
lives. In the human species the teeth
are developed from pulps which are
absorbed and disappear as soon as the
second set are full growD, but in the
case of the much-maligned rat the
pulp supply is perpetual, and iFcon
tinually secreting materials by which
the incisors gain in length. This
being the case, the poor creature is
obliged to keep np his regular gnaw
ing operations in order to keep hi!
teeth ground off to a proper length.—
St. Louis Republic.
ALASKA A FAMINE
_
THE FOOD SOURCES OF THE ESKI
MOS DESTHOTED.
An Effort to Save the Starving by
Domesticating the Asian Reindeer
—Small Herds for Each Family.
K 'OR some years the Indians and
Eskimos in the northern half
of this continent havo lived
~ r precariously. Their
C most
usual food resources have repeatedly
failed them. They have been re
duced to extreme destitution, and
many have perished of starvation.
One year or another famine has
afflicted the entire inhabited region
from Labrador to Alaska.
Little as we know of the history of
the Eskimos on the American main¬
land, it is certain that thousands
formerly lived where hundreds are
now found. Captain French, an ex¬
perienced pilot along the Labrador
coast, says there is now only one
Eskimo where twenty used to live.
Years ago the Indians killed many of
them, and they have been gradually
diminishing ever since on account
of the growing scarcity of seal, fish,
birds and other game, and also be¬
cause of their contact with civilization,
their close w r iuter houses inducing
consumption and other diseases.
The condition of these few thou¬
sands of people on the islands and
along the coasts of Alaska appeals all
the more to our sympathy because
their sources of food have been de¬
stroyed by the industries of white
men.
Right across the narrow sea from
Alaska, on the shores of Asia, and ex¬
tending some ways into the interior,
live hardy, active and well-fed tribes,
allied to the Eskimos of our continent,
who own tens of thousands of domestic
reindeer. The flesh and skins of these
animals supply them with food, shelter
and clothing. As far as their own peo¬
ple are concerned, they do not know
what starvation means. During the
past two years the matter has been
well looked into, and it has been found
that there is no reason why the do¬
mesticated reindeer should not thrive
in Alaska and further east. Indeed,
there seems to be no reason why these
animals should not be a source of
wealth and security to the natives
clear across the northern part of this
continent. On the shores of Alaska,
and further inland, the mosses and
grasses thrive on which these animals
live in Asia.
The Rev. Sheldon Jackson, our gen¬
eral agent of education in Alaska, had
the honor of suggesting the imporfca-.
tion of domesticated reindeer. A con¬
siderable sum of money contributed
by the public in 1891 and a grant of
$15,000 from the Government in 1892
enabled Mr. Sheldon, with the assist¬
ance of Captain Healy and the revenue
cutter Bear, to try the experiment. It
is now so far advanced that, its suc¬
cess, as far as the practicability of
raising reindeer in Alaska is concerned,
is assured. Mr. Sheldon’s report on
the work has been printed by the Gov¬
ernment, and the facts given here are
taken from it.
It was objected to the work at the
outset that though the natives of
Siberia would kill their deer and sell
the meat, they would not sell live ani¬
mals. In Kennan’s book he says that
in the two and a half years he spent in
Siberia not one of his parties was ever
able to buy from the Koraks and
Tchuctchees a single living reindeer.
It was also said that the animals would
not bear transportation across the sea.
The work of 1891 was planned on a
small scale, to test the correctness of
these assumptions.
It was found that the natives would
sell reindeer, though it took days of
palaver to overcome tlieir reluctance
to part with live animals. Sixteen
were finally purchased. They were
kept on shipboard for over three weeks,
passed through a severe gale, and ivere
finally landed in good condition at
Unalaska, after a sea voyage of over
1000 miles. It was thus proven that
they could be transported on ship¬
board as easily and safely as other
domestic cattle. The reindeer thrived
during the winter at Unalaska, and by
spring two additions had been made
to the herd.
In the summer of 1892 operations
were much enlarged, in view of the
success of the preliminary experiments
and with the aid of the Government
grant. A herd of 175 selected ani¬
mals was purchased in Siberia and
landed at Port Clarence, on the Alas¬
kan coast. This point was selected
for the reindeer station because it is
the nearest good harbor to Siberia,
and because it is a central point fr om
which the animals may easily be dis¬
tributed.
Four Siberians who are weft ae
quainted with the management of
reindetr were taken to Port Clarence !
and placed in charge of the herd.
Under their direction a few Alaskan
Eskimos are learning the care an d!
management of reindeer. The inten¬
tion is from year to year to increase
the number of Eskimo apprentices
to the herders. The Eskimos who are
learning the business are all young
men. As soon as each of them has
demonstrated his capacity and learned
the business a small herd will be given
to him as a start in life. From year
to year the number of these native i
herders will be increased, and some of
them will be set up in business as
herders on their own account, and in
this way the herds and Avill naturally distributed be- j
come more more :
throughout the country, until afTast j
they overspread the entire northern
region as the northeastern corners of |
Siberia and Lapland are now covered,
There is no doubt that practically the
whole of Alaska is good grazing ground
for reindeer.
The importation of reindeer is no >
longer an experiment. The practica- ] J
biiity and advantages of the enter-
NO. 8
j will r if 3 t bo hftvel>€cn groat thing ‘ lomon8trated for Alaska * « when ndi *
a
the herding of reindeer i* firmly es
: tablished there on a large scale. The
„ative, will havo a pcrm.no.tt, regular
and abundant supply of food, and with
more generous nourishment, the
j population is likely to incrcaso in
j numbers. Then a change from the con
hunters to that of herders
j wl11 bc a d,stl “ ct advance for the Eski-
1U0f ' 111 * Cfte >'• civilization. Rein
f tbeir l eer easl, introduction - v \ rnx f l 10,) will .™ d help «s a day, to solve and
tue c l uestl<m of Alaskftn transporta
‘ lon *
A new and profitable industry will
also be added to the country. Rein¬
deer skins are marketed all ovei
Europe and are worth in their raw
condition from $1.50 to $1.75 apiece.
The tanned skins (soft, with a beauti¬
ful yellow color) find a ready sale ir
Sweden at from $2 to $2.75 each.
Reindeer skins arc used for gloves,
military riding trousers, and the bind¬
ing of books. Reindeer hair is in
great demand, and from reindeer
horns is made the best glue. Smoked
reindeer tongues and tanned skins are
among the principal products of the
great annual fair at Nijni Novgorod,
Russia. In Lapland there are about
100,000 head of reindeer, sustaining
in comfort some 26,000 people. Mr.
Sheldon says there is no reason, con¬
sidering the greater area of the coun¬
try* and the abundance of reindeer
moss, why arctic and subarctic Alaska
should not sustain a population of
100,000 people with 200,000 head of
reindeer.
The work is prosecuted, with the aid
of Congress, and it is expected that
before many years the industry will bo
self-supporting. —New Orleans Pica¬
yune. _
WISE WORDS,
Those who offer wares invite rebuff.
Stopping a small leak w ill not save
a sinking vessel.
Hobbies are the most uncomfortable
of all beasts to ride.
One is apt to undervalue what he
has valued overmuch.
There is one body who is wiser than
anybody and that, is everybody.
The best wav to keep good acts in
memory is to refresh them with new.
The influences that go into us in
boyhood fashion the experiences that
we go into in manhood.
It is a mistake to suppose that men
succeed through success ; they much
oltener succeed through failure.
When a woman would see brightness
where she suspe .ts mey be a bUir. sho _
wears a silver-shining veil before her
eyes.
Open biographical volumes where
you Avill, aud the man Avho lias no
faith in religion has faith in the night¬
mare and in ghosts.
The foot that treads on the adder
shall be stung; the hand that is
stretched forth with n rod instead of a
sceptre shall be cut off.
Sympathy with the human comedy
may be less easy to assure than is
patience to acquire, but a generous
measure of the one may make the
other less necessary.
A journalist is a grumbler, ft een
surer, a giver of advice, a regent of
sovereigns, a tutor of Nations. Four
hostile newspapers are more to be
feared than a thousand bayonets.
Many mean things are done in the
family for which moods are put for
ward as the excuse, Avhen the moods
themselves are the most inexcusable
things of all. A man or woman in
tolerable health has no moral right to
indulge in an unpleasant mood.
Temper at the Breakfast Table,
“Many persons afflicted Avith i
peculiar derangement of the digestive
organs are seized with an almost un*
controllable irritability as soon as they
sit doAvn to eat, more particularly at
the breakfast table,” remarked an ex¬
perienced Arch street physician, 1 ‘This
is caused by a premature secretion of
the gastric juice, due to a too vivid
anticipation of food. To avoid pos¬
sible insanity, such persons require
careful medical treatment. I once at¬
tended a young lady professionally
whose rather stern father was so often
obliged to send her away from the
table for unreasonable bursts oi
temper that he grew suspicious of her
sanity and caused her to be watched.
It appeared that as soon as she reached
her room she seized a pair of scissors,
opened a trunk and, drawing forth a
roll of ribbon, proceeded to snip it
into small bits. The trunk was nearly
full of such snippings, and it was re¬
membered that she was continually
purchasing ribbon, I cured her of
such manifestations of wrath by treat
ing her for dyspepsia. ”—Philadelphia
Record,
Physiological Effect of Music.
The results of numerous expern
ments made with scientific care by a
Russian physician, to determine what,
if any, are the physiological effects
produced by music, are thus summar¬
ized: An influence on the circulation
of blood is noticed, the pressure some
times rising and sometimes falling,
though the action of musical tones and
pipes, both on animals and men, ex
presses itself, for the most part, by in
creased frequency of the beats of th«
heart; the variations in the circuit*
tion consequent upon musical soundi
coincide with changes in the breath
ing, though they may also be observed
quite independently of it; the varia
tions in the blood pressure are de¬
pendent on the pitch and loudness of
the sound and on tone color; in these
variations of the blood pressure, also,
the peculiarities of the individual^,
whether men or lower animals, are
plainly apparent, and e’ven Nationality,
in the case of man, is claimed to ex
liibifc some effect. —New York Tribune