Newspaper Page Text
6
BIG I0E BOXES.
THE FOOD OF MILLION** KEPT
COOL FROM DAY TO DAY.
Perishable Meal*, Fruits and Vegeta¬
bles Kept Fresh a Long Time
Jn Cold Storage Warehouses j
—How It is Done. [
/ 'y' OLD storage of perishable
I / inestfl, poultry, fish, fruits
and vegetables has been prac
tieed in primitive wavs since
the beginning of civilization. Bnt :
the development of cold storage to
such proportions that it has had a vast ,
effect upon the commerce of the
worJft has all been within very recent
years. The storage by the ancients ,
of food m caves and the suspension of
butter and meat by our grandfathers
into deep wells were both m their way
effective, but those methods are dif
fYr< nt indeed from the storage of
thousands of tons of perishable things
in the great warehouses constructed
Home for the idea purpose of the extent in every to which large city, cold j
storage has been carried may be ob
tamed from the fact that in New York
Pity one firm of warehousemen main
tarns eighty-three hawses for cold stor
age. There are in tho whole city twice
♦ hat many more, lwenty years ago
♦ hero was not a single one. Besides ,
these cold storago houses there are in
New York about a dozen public ware- j
houses, where a temperature well be
low the freezing point is maintained, I
and in these frozen meats, killed in j
the neighbourhood of New York or in j
the West, are stored till ready for dis- j
tribution to the consumers nearby or I
for shipment abroad or to other parts ! I
of the country.
While the freezing of meat for the
preservation and transportation has j
been a most important innovation on 1
each the old neighborhood method of slaughtering in {
for that neighbor- j
principle hood alone, of the the cold development and of the | I
storage its |
general adoption, has been of vastly
more importance.
Bv tho use of cold storage many t
millions of dollars are saved every j
year to the consumers of food in the \
United States. And a like amount,
whatever it may be, is saved also to
the producers. Cold storage, there
fore, has what the mechanicians call a
double back action, and like it,
“blesseth him that gives and him that
takes.” Before there were cold stor¬
age warehouses in the cities, towns
stid villages in America, such products
as eggs, butter, fruits and vegetables
would bo so low iu price at some periods
of the year thnt it scarcely paid to
take them to market, and at other
periods they would be so high that
they were almost out of the reach of
the persons not lucky iu tho possession
»>f long and well-filled pocketbooks.
This resulted in au almost sinful waste
and a most serious loss to the pro¬
ducers. Every particle of this waste
was also a loss to the consumers. But
the cold storage warehouses have
changed all this. When the market is
glutted w it-li an excess of perishable
thmgs, and there would be a loss to
Un. producer to sell, there is now no
imperative need that ho should sell at
once. He can store his butter and
eggs lus fruit and vegetables, and
hold them until the great excess has
been exhausted, when he will pretty
surely secure a reasonable profit on
the original cost of production, to
gc her with an added reward for his
patience. At a hr t glance this would
m cm t<> >e at the expense of tue con
sumer, but this is not so, for the cold
s ..rage has become so expensive that
lose products will almost instantly,
even at times when production has
au n s oppe. . find tluur way to any
p ace where prices have risen because
ot tho efforts of the speculators to 1
effect what are called corners. There !
was an instance of the futility of such !
efforts this winter.
When cold storage warehouses were I I
first introduced the ice which made !
the low temperature was kept in the
eellar, and the cold air was pumped !
to the other floors. This involved ex
peuse and the results were not entirely
satisfactory. Practical experiments '
demonstrated that the ice could be ! :
kept in the top of a warehouse aud
the cold air circulated at once more
cheaply and satisfactorily. This is j
the method now generally employed \
except where the ice-making machine ;
principle is used, and pipes similar to j
stearn pipes are run around the vari- *
ous rooms. lhe temperature of cold
storage rooms is maintained at from
thirty-four to forty degrees, and here
eggs, butter, cheese, fruits and vege
ongtimo. oni C t,m t t The parts of any building
ful HI- v ‘n insulated L ,1 so as to I L keep iU> ° are out / 1 heat are ; ;
and too great coliL The insulation is
so perfect that it is not infrequently
the case that the ground or street floor
Jt such a warehouse is used for ordi
lary business, and the temperature
iept just as the occupants wish.
Of course some products are more
easily kept than others. Strawberries
for instance, are about the most per
ishable of the fruits that are ever sent
to these places. Thev are often sent
in the evening and taken out again at
4 o’clock in the morning. Itwasdiffi
cult in the early stages of cold storage
development to keep eggs in a good
condition. The eggs did not spoil iu i
the ordinary sense, that is, they did
not rot, but they became musty and
were far from pleasant to those of !
acutely critical taste. Eggs are usually I
packed in kiln-dried straw, and it was
found that the moisture iu the cold
air that circulated in the storage
rooms sought out this very dry straw
and stayed there. This was what made
the eggs musty. To prevent this the
uir in egg-storage places is kept !
as
free as possible from moisture. The
great botch have cold storage places
of their own and the managers buy
even perishable supplies in such large
quantities that they secure them at
»dv.n., fr aholaaala price. Those
great hotels in Florida built and run
by he Standard Oil magnate. Mr.
Flagler, are equipped with both cold
and freezing storage and the supplies
of food not obtained from the neigh
boring gardens are laid in in one lot,
ably for the small whole season. the Even in toler- |
towns traveler gets the
advantage of the benefits of cold stor
age, for the landlord, if he be thrifty,
is pretty apt to lay in large supplies
of beef, mutton, poultry and even 1
THE MO NRO E AD VERTISER, FO RSYTH, GA-, TUESDAY, APRIL 10, 1S94.—EIGHT PAGES.
game, and storing it in the ptibU •
warehouse, take it ont as it is needed,
then it comes to the table fresh, igi
der and juicy. Owing to these lm
proved facilities for transporting fish
we get shad in New York from early
in the spring until the hot weather
conies and the toothsome pompano is
known almost as well in the metropolis
as in New Orleans.—St. Louis Re*
public.
Rosa Bonheur and Her Pet Lion, I
Bona Bonheur , .. the _ Frencu . painter, . .
the animals she paints, and is m
turn adored by them, fays the Phila
delphia Telegraph. She showed her
recent purchase, a magnificent lion,
who purred and writhed like a gigan
tic cat when his owner fearlessly
stroked his mighty head. Then, show
ing the head of a most snpurb speci
men of the African lion transferred to
canvas with startling realism, she tells
the story of Nero. He was her first
pet lion, and was reputed nntamably
ferocious and lived for several years
in the garden at By. At last one day
Rosa Bonheur was about to travel, and
disposed of Nero to the Jardin des
Plantes. She parted with him reluc
tautly, for he was a great pet, and
would greet her always with a peculiar
little note of welcome.
When she returned from her wan
derings two years later she went to see
her Nero, and beheld a sad sight. The
poor creature had not been so care- !
fully tended ns he was used to be at
By. Ophthalmia had set in, and the
splendid brute lay blind and ailing,
unheeding the curious crowds that
stared at him. Rosa Bonheur watched
him for a moment and then called
“Nero!” The effect was magical. The
lion rose to liis feet, uttered liis accus
tomed note of welcome, and sprang
toward the well-beloved voice with
«fch impetuosity that the shock against
the liars sent the sightless brute roll
ing. stunned, back on the floor. The
great artist took him back, soothed hie
last days with attendance and petting,
and finally he died in her arms at the
foot of the staircase at By, liis huge
paws clinging to his mistress as if im¬
ploring her not to forsake him in his
death struggle, and his last movement
being a feeble attempt to lick the
hands that held him with such infinite
tenderness. “You see,” said Rosa
Bonheur, as she meditatively ruffled
her new lion’s mane, “to be really be¬
loved by wild beasts you must really
love them.”
High Mountains of the East Coast.
There is a prevailing impression,
even among would-be graduate?, that
Mount Washington is the highest
mountain in America east of the Mis¬
sissippi River. When, where or how
this idea obtained would be difficult
to say, but it is a fact nevertheless
that tho item most frequently met
with in the “Column of Information”
is something like this: “The highest
mountain 011 the Atlantic coast or in
the Appalachian range is Mount Wash¬
ington, New Hampshire, height, 6285
feet.” Take down the atlas while we
investigate this high mountain ques¬
tion. In North Carolina alone we find
fourteen peaks higher than the Yau
fc e e titan ; Mount Mitchell, G717 feet;
Calsam Cone, 6071; Clingman’s Dome,
HGOO; Sandy f Knob, 6512; Hairy
Bear, 6567 Cat Tail Peak, 6595;
Gibbe’s Peak, 6586; Mount Alexander,
, 5477 . Sugar Loaf, 6401; Potato Top.
0393 • Black Knob, 6637; Mount
Henry, 6373 ; Bowler’s Pyramid, 6356,
and Roan Mountain, 6318.
From the above it will be seen that
Mount Mitchell is the monarch of the
Eastern range, and that he is 432 feet
higher than the foundation of the
Mount Washington Observatory.
'i'h ese measurements are by Guyot,
Mitchell and Holmes of the United
States survey, and are doubtlesscor
roo t.~St. Louis Republic,
Genesis of the Sewing Needle.
The needle, one of the indispensible
little tools > an<l uow 80 common iu all
conutries > was unknown in its present
^ orm P r ^ or *° year H10. Touran
? a11 ’ H wiremaker of Paris, was the in¬
ventor of needle in its modernized
form. At first the construction of
such delicate little implements was a
ver Y tedious and slow process, conse
fluently they were counted among ;
articles rare and costly as well as of j
uooessl D, and as such were found only !
aIn 01 W the European royalty and
.
H °. accounts of
,^” 18 v~" lfc 18 mentioned
‘ * i,* ,
^ f; 1 lu °nar„ 1 re- .
.
^ ^ P p ; r one oune ;
v ^ thiTVv pl nif presents I P rb!* that ' ,
1 8 ^uression^nadK l
ZZZ Americans EnllSh o-eld” i
; “ the Xchpro“s and I
that sueh
articles were once very expensive Vlll* ! '
J the ^ time of Henry the
“ unknown ° “hewildbutbemitifu in Britain
brought li
* Xuu ue e Bo ole ern Y u wrought them them from .rom '
* Ial J? e ^ England, and it has been
mentioned as probable that the saying
to tb ® needle bringing bad
uek ’ “^ersticht die J fbe,” is. an al- ;
,llslou t° fhe case ot that ill-lated i
h«eeu.—St. Louis Republic.
The ----—--- Snail Has 60.000 Teeth! I j
Don't believe a word of it, do you?
Well, that makes but little difference,
it is ou the authority of one of the
most noted of the modern school of
naturalists, and that is sufficient. In
peculiarity of teeth and mouth the
most wonderful of all the created
creatures, and it has been truly said
that it is fortunate for mankind that
some of the larger of the wild animals
are not similarly constructed. The
mouth of the snail is armed with a
wonderful organ in the shape of a
rasp-like tongue. This tongue re-,
sembles a long, narrow ribbon, coiled j
in such a manner that only a small
portion of it is in use at any one time.
Thickly distributed over the entire
surface of this ribbon-like organ are
au immense number of very minute
but strong aud sh M p teeth Signed
in a manner which admirably adapts
them to the purpose for which they
are intended--viz., that of rasping off
the edible portions of the vegetation
upon which the owner of the rasp
feeds.
The number oi these teeth, as hinted
iu the opening, aud also in the head
ing, isperfectly incredible, one species
having been shown by actual count
under the microscope to possess net
less than 30,000!—bt. Louis Republic,
WOMAN’S WORLR
PLEASANT LITERATURE FOR
FEMININE READERS.
SHF. SETS Mr SIC TYPE.
Chicago has the first womau setter
of music type in the person of Mrs. L.
H. Jones. Mrs. Jones is said to be the
, f £," , . ?>“ rk , . ,, .
P '°“f r ° r .r\ ,U '7 , n
coontry. She thluks it a valuable , , ahd
.ery an.t.b e trade for women, .a it
requires patience and neatness rather
than strength. She is of New England
birth, and learned her trade in B% don
against pronounced opposition from
the members of the other sex working
at it.-New York Times. ,
-
veins that blind
The injurious effect on the eves
caused by wearing dotted veils is‘an
old warning which has been sounded
to no purpose, and the fact that ocu
lists are growing rich under this
reign of fashion does not alarm the
wearers of this attractive bit of femi
nine vanity. The dots are larger or
smaller, closer together or further
apart, as they are more of less becom
jug, while the possibility of impaired
eyesight is left ertirelv out of cousi
deration. It has been discovered
lately that the dots are not their only
harmful quality. There is some sub
stance used in stiffening or coloring
the net which is poisonousif it chances
to find its way into the eye.—New
York Sun.
THE OVERSE IBT HERE.
The overskirt, unmistakable and un¬
disguised, is here. The round,
“apron front” of fifteen years ago is
reappearing. There was an extremely
pretty dress on exhibition last week
whose prettiness was spoiled by this
piece of ugliness.
It was of very heavy dark blue serge,
with a perfectly plain skirt. The
bodice consisted of i tight-fitting
Eton jacket and a vest of yellow crepe
and chiffon. The cuffs of the jacket
were of yellow satin, under a heavy
dark blue braiding, and the broad
shaped girdle was of the same materi¬
al, says the Cincinnati Commercial Ga¬
zette.
But beneath this simple and satis¬
factory waist a senseless, useless
rounded piece of blue serge hung half
way down the Rkirt and over the
waist. It was faced with dark blue
silk. The back of the overskirt con
sisted of a straight, plaited piece of
blue serge about as long as the apron
front.
THE BLOUSE OF THE PERIOD.
All the dressmakers are crying out
against the continued popularity of
the blouse, which reads for them ruin
to a great extent. At least, so they
imagine, but they are absolutely
wrong as a matter of fact, for the
blouse to-day is very different to what
it was yesterday. It is no longer form¬
less, liningless and boneless; it is
made on a tight foundation, fitted ab¬
solutely like a bodice, preserving but
its blouse characteristics so far as the
loose front and the belt around the
waist are concerned. A charming
blouse I have seen this week is made of
velvet, the fullness reaching only
three inches below the bust, extend¬
ing thence perfectly plainly, and a
broad sash of black watered silk wound
twice around the waist and fastened in
the front with diamond brooches at
the top and bottom. This, of course,
preserves the outlines of the figure at
its best, and equally, of course, has
need of the artist to insure its charm.
It is rather difficult to get the velvet
blouse comfortably beneath the tight
fitting jacket, which fashion ordains
should be ours this winter, but still
for those who wear a semi-fitting coat,
it may be highly recommended. Very
delightful bodices are made of watered
silk, and on the whole it may be no
ticed that cerise is the most popular
shade, and beautiful this really looks
iu connection with the mink and lace
so invariably connected with all this
season’s costumes.
READY made frocks.
The shops do their best to help
along home dressmaking. Skirts come
ready, are cut and gored and the in
sertiugs of lace topped ith braid or
other woven trimming, as merely the
l aC e, are set in, needing only the band
to complete it. The waist material is
similarly planned out with its trim
m ing and sleeves as well. In the
cashmere robes, plaiting of silk, com
bmed with embroidery, are adjusted,
Another novelty for white gowns are
e ^ mslte flouu ces of nainsook and
8he f “T n’ edge ? Y 1 * oi
} t'V ,mk J ftu f bl " e £ *nd a buttonhole kce trimmed, edge or of : j
°Y Dresden ehlna curings
th « choic f ’’ corres P vari °“ dlI1 ** + y ^.7 “ d J ^S ^cult. e 1 and !
. th stri ed kr°-;
aded black grenadines <? it P or good
3 is a ;
ru l e to have the silk lining the color I
of the contrasting stripe in the grena- >
dine or OI - one 0 f the colors in the
bouquet of the pattern. These are not
cheap dresses, but they are very ele
gant They are not particularly cool,
but are serviceable for the seashore
rather than for the country. Plain
black grenadines are laid in accordion
pleat for the skirt, over a lining of
rose color or pale green. Bayadere
stripes are figured with raised knots
of color, such as brown, marine blue,
moss green, India blue and gray. A
blue grenadine, which is always a most
distinguished dress, has Bayadere
stripes of coffee brown or emerald
green. These stripes again have flecks
of blue upon them.—New York Adver
tiser.
-
making a plain girl prsttt.
She never thought sV had anv
points; she had quite made up her
m j nd t o the irredeemable ugliness
which, she had been told, was her lot.
Theu spoke a good , sweet, wise wo
man; “Ask J vpur the mother to let vou
eoute to ape d. r with a. Vhen
next you are going to a party, and we
wiU gee what can be done.” So the
poor ugly duckling went, and this is
what her fairy godmother did for her,
savs the Housewife -
She took her first for a short expe
, lition> which interested and amused
but did not tire her. Then she gave
her a thoroughly "lie comfortable lunch,
and made her down in a warm
roo m for two or three hours. The
joshing gleep i nduced the
warmth and quiet ended, and a cup ot
tea enjoyed, the dressing begau. Now,
at home, the routine of the day had
never been interrupted because there
was to be a party that night. The
regulation work and afternoon walk
having beeu taken, the girl reached
home tired, just in time to have a
hasty cup of tea and dress, The
operation of dressing was carried on
a cold room, giving time to get
ttottmghlT tion chilled; that the transi
, Q H warm drawing-room sent the
blo0l , with , m becom,ng force to the
f aco
Hut Slfe ; 'made * 1 ri *.» •
leisurely foolisii before”^ ^ood the 1
" fire 1 She *
taught her it a?ooW^la^i, • t • tJe t
stand before do
It is better to sit and take it
easy, else a tired expression comes
into the face She allowed no hastv
washing with water to irritate the
skin, but refreshed her face <rentlv
with a cloth dipped in rose water.
She kept up a running commentary ou
the girl’s points as she brought them
out one by one
“Your hair looks bright as the light
falls on it, I admire that pretty chest
nut brown, with shades of red and cold
in it, There, now vour complexion
looks as clear as possible Mv dear
how bright and rested you** eves look!
Now do use the hand mirror to see
how pretty that curve of vour neck is,
with those little curls ‘just wavin'
about it!”
And the fairy fingers of hope and
happiness touched this girl’s eyes with
light and tinged her cheeks with soft
color, and gave her gait a firmness and
elasticity which prevented all awk¬
wardness, and when she entered the
crowded room she was able to look
people m the face and let them see her
eyes, with the new-born light of pleas¬
ure and satisfaction dancing in them,
and the rest of this girl’s story, is it
not written m the chronicles of her
happy life, and is not the name of this
dear, judicious woman engraved upon
her heart?
The moral of my little preachment
is that if a girl is plain, you won’t
make her any prettier by dinning into
her ears that she is plain. And that
attractiveness, if not prettiness, is
vithinthe reach of all women who
realize what their good points are.
And that it is a mistake to tire one’s
self out before a party.
FASHION NOTES.
Mutton-leg sleeves are invariably
narrowed at the wrists to suggest deep
cuff.
A very high band of velvet is worn
about the throat and fastened with a
square buckle of the same width.
Small diamonds are never used to
more advantage than in the dainty
flower-wreathed brooches that are in
vogue.
French sateens in changeable tint
ings and with a shimmer almost equal
to silk are among the new importa¬
tions.
Biaclx flowers on colored bonnets
are one of the fashions of the day,
black violets more especially, with
green foliage.
Three large rings of cased silver set
in an ornamented vase hang against
the wall and are intended to hold
cards and letters.
Every garment that extends below
the waist line hangs in godets to the
lower edge, apparently increasing the
size of the figure.
A . material . for toilets
new party
closely resembles crepe, except that
it is as glossy as satin and is manu
factured in the most exquisite colors,
Amethyst is a favorite color and the
newest silk waists show stripes of it
with the inevitable soft velvet collar
of a deeper shade to be worn wi^h the
waist.
Many of the new bonnets are van
dyked at the edge with guipure. Chip
will be quite a favorite, and roses close
set together are introduced under the
brims.
A fad for answering social invita¬
tions in verse is said to have sprung
up. To the other treaSi of a hostess
this w'ill add increased danger of ner¬
vous prostration.
Embroidery done by intricate . ma
chine processes, but having all the
effect of handwork, is to be this year
more than ever favored, as it can be
so constantly utilized on bodices and
skirts of new gowns.
Fashion still approves all the eecen
tricities employed in broadening the
feminine shoulders with berthas, pre
telles, cape collars, revers, puffs, frills
and all sorts of wide sureadiug ele
gance in lace, velvet, silk and moire,
Short skirts seem to be the rule for
the j nd we t to see
*
a uew arrival iu the B hape of daintv
footge ar if the shortening keeps on.
Especially women who go in forath
l e tic exercise, such as adopt* bicycle riding
and walking, will the ankle
^
leno . thp
' °“ an 18 . a uat , ural , martir. She g,,
,. dozen deatis ,
* ies a in one ordinary
. fr°m maacuhne point of
a view
b ad " ltb straps am steels and
. and buckles
s P r 1 °& s ^ ire ~ ? s ’
and , bands the probabilities are she
bas beeu the greatest impediment to
h er own progress.
Skirts do not change greatly in style
shape, remaining close about the
hips and flaring from the knee down,
Many, when made of single width
goods, are of half circle shape, with
the single seam up the back, while
others of narrow width silk and other
material have gored breadths and
godet plaits in the back.
Moire silk petticoats are decidedly
elegant. Those in yellow and pale
colors are shown for evening wear.
Dark ones for the street are stiffened
to help give the dress skirt that flare
which is so desirable. Silk petticoat*
will wear much longer if they are
lined with cashmere, a light quality
being selected for the purpose so not
to add to the weight.
A dreas pronotutced beautiful .«
the result of a happy idea, the com
bining of two old'dresses, a tan cloth ‘
and a striped green silk. The cloth
skirt opened on a front of the striped
silk The coat bodice w « made with
narrow cutaway fronts showing a wide,
tight fitting ve'st of the silk. The fnl
puffs of silk for the sleeves were fin
ished with close cloth cuffs. So mam
different material are combined thh
season that a little taste will accoui
plish wonders. -
THRIFTY EXILES.
A KANSAS C OLONY OF RUSSIAN
MKNNOMTES.
They Occupy 100,000 Acres of Laud
and Live in Queer Houses
-They Are Very Indus¬
trious and Prosperous.
T -r J HERE nrrr one successfully meats class ami is • of m • has citizens defied western made , the hat Kansas „ a mo- ele- has
cess of farmins, regardless of the
droughts ana all other natural diaa. 1 -
vantages with which the sett era on
the far Western plains have had to j
contend These are the Russian Men
nomtes, the most industrious people
that ever plowed a furrow of Kansas
bave »» »*<"»! t«
anybody s business except their own,
and above all, they never meddle with
1 nolitio*! A
, Ihe r , Mennonites, ., exiled . from , south- ,
eru Russia because of their religion j
made as systematic an exodus as did
the Israelites of old. They sen out j
chased 100,000 acres from the Atclii- ,
son Topeka and Santa Fe and Kansas j
Pacific railroad companies for homes. !
Then the people packed up their house
hold goods and came to America. On
the depot platforms they landed wear
in^ sheepskin coats and black ker
chiefs over heir heads. They carried
iron tea kettles and regarded the gaz
mg Americans wHh as much curiosity
as they themselves attracted.
They built then- villages of yellow
limestone, the houses having queer
hiproofs, green blinds, and double
doors, like those seen in a mill. Cun
ons ovens in winch prairie grass or
straw could be burned overcame the
lack of fuel and a street looked tor
all the world as though it had dropped
out of an illustration in a Siberian
sketch Such names as Catherine
stadt Lebertiial, and Pleiffer grace
their towns, and no man not a Men
nonite is allowed inside their limits as
a resident, though visitors are cor
dially welcomed.
The Mennonites number several
thousand in the State, but they are
never heard of in politics. They are
busy tilling their 100,000 ‘
acres, rais¬
ing stock, planting orchards, and pil¬
ing up wealth. The wideawake West¬
ern politician, standing on the street
corner explaining the contraction of
the currency to a knot of listeners,
sees a half-dozen odd-looking wagons
toiling up the road. They are loaded
with wheat, and solemn-faced Men¬
nonites, who guide the sober teams,
pocket the payments, and drive home¬
ward. Orators proclaim in the country
schoolhou3es and the eager real estate
agent plots additions to the towns, but
tho Mennonites pay no attention to
either. They keep on selling wheat and
corn and cattle until they have become
the richest farmers, their number
considered, that Kansas affords. They
take few papers; they do not vote ; they
care nothing whether the Government
is Republican or Democratic in its
management. They are as isolated as
though they were on a sea island, ex¬
cept as they bring in their produce to
the shipping station.
It is noticeable that nearly all their
lands are in the much-discussed arid
region, yet the Mennonites never ask
aid or seed wheat. They prosper
every’year and their homes "are verita
ble storehouses of garden and field
products. To step into them is like a
visit to the land of the Volga. Curi
G us furniture, strange garb and pecu
]j ar habit impress one with the feeling
that he is in another land and another
age. The houses are for the most part
surrounded with stone walls and old
country fencing; barns and imple¬
ments are everywhere apparent. The
people have their own minister, their
own church, and their own schools.
M hen a higher education is desired—
anc ^ so ms of their young people are as
forward in their ambition as American
youth—there is plenty of money in
the village bank to send them to
Europe or to some Eastern college to
acquire it.
During the year 1893, when corn
plaint of hard times has gone up from
the dwellers on the plains, when seed
wheat has been sent by the thousand
bushels to American settlers, the Rus
sians have continued to thrive Their
old-fashioned vehicles have come re<r
n i ar i y to the railroads and carload
after carload of wheat has been sent
East. Lumber dealers in the town
where thev do their buvincr say that
there has "been no diminution in" their
purchases, and that by iar the larger
portion to their of Russian their yards’ sales have gone ° j
customers.
There is an important lesson in their j
success. They have shown bv their :
works what industry and frugality can |
accomplish upon the prairies, and !
what can be done with the right kind
of effort. Still, it is doubtful if the
American could grinding brum- himself and his ;
family to the f economy of the
Euro n peasant abor wbicb the
Mennonites —Chica^ have transplanted in 1U their !
jetttements. Record. j
_________
A Lo ±i°m Frn!1I Adams 4floill , a T;nio lime.
A relic of long ago unearthed j
was
recently on a lot back of 507 South J
’ ree > ac -joining the \\ askmgton laun- ;
e re 10 u-. onlv a piece of a
jU ad jeen there, fifty-nine ?
ee enea ii .he surxace, perhaps since
e °: e - J, am ° r -r' e U P a k° !Iie ~
.
J ea in tne Garden of Eden. It was
ye ois two stiata of gravel, imbedded
^ so id c ay ed diggers found it.
e l °v J n uia 1 eter and
reserved when taken out. Ihe
a PP ea J s 0 ,e
^ Y on deriul power
c» , preservation. lt not brit
is very
e VnffYw ^
.J. 1 *, 1 , the e
~ “• * f " -
j 1 \
’ T ' 1 9 °° w bb , f e °
h . . * u V ? th TSl’l, 9U ^ blcb T
deT^site erideuclfromth an^^avef^Tacoml "lL7u£,
wik f Ledger of clav
(Wash.) Ledger.
' VMeUA ' * 4 tole ] }
Me pressman put Wilson . diet of while -atole, in ;
* “d f lco »as ’ amid to relmh on a u immensely
^ a mush made from corn which
18 first P arched fl u jte brown, and then
stirred into boiling ;
^ Jt ls 8 Me ^ e f u dlsb ’. ancl ver ^'
appetizing.— - New Orleans Picayune,
j
Alaska’s Yoleanoe?.
Recently T read an account of a bona
fide advertisement in a Scandinavian
paper of stupendous valcanoes for sale
for about §400. They are located in
Iceland. Alaska might glut the mai*
ket in this esthetic article ii it WO IV
to put all its stock on sale. The num¬
ber which have been active within
100 years is variously estimated by
the authorities I lqive consulted as ail
t be way from forty-five to sixty-one.
More than twelve have been
within twenty vears, ami five ot least
within f, mr Vl ,» rs . Antons the most
remarkable 'is Bogorlof, 100 mile .
west of Unalaska. This, about 000
feet high, J together with the part of
lUe isl ni , „. uioh it rises, ha,
come ollt of tUe soa within „ fe „.
rears, and const,mtlv sends out steam
„ m , Bmolie . MaWhin, on I’nalaska.
though snow-covered, pours out i,m
mouse volumes of steam and milk
white smoke, visible i'll a clear Gay
ne8rl miles at sea. Akutan
acts like . a gevser, puffing at interval*
of a few seconds. Slnshaldin. or
Ounimak Island, a perfect cone 873f
f ee t above the sea, snow-covered, but
washed bv the ocean at its base, striped
it; side With ashes and eon
densed smoke, was still smoking. precipitous It
has uo foothills, and its
,lopes fall into the great Pacific Ocean
on the soutll aud Bering Sea on the
north . Elliott Kflv , ; j, ,, hoXU
sa f e to say that Shis h aid in is the most
beautiful peak of vast altitude upon
the North American continent. Pay
lof> on tll0 Alaska peninsula, sends out
from the side huge clouds of pitet
black smoke hot enough to melt twe
feet of snow-fall in a few minutes. It
puffs at intervals like a locomotive,
Uhamna, on the shore of Cook’s Inlet, is
i 2 ,066 feet high, and constantly sends
out ashes and smoke of brimstone. In
1883 Mount Saint Augustine, 150
m iles north of Kadiak Island was
active, and according to the official
report of Governor Knapp “covered
the decks of ships hundreds of miles
at sea with ashes.’’-New York Chris
+: nn Advocnt..
IVatev That Turns Frogs to Sion*.
The local geologists of Lawrence
County, Pennsylvania, say that there
is a spring in Beaver Township, in
that county, which has wonderful
lapidescent qualities, its petrifying
powers being sufficient to transform
moss, sticks, leaves and even animal
flesh into solid stone in a surprisingly
brief period. This rill of wonderful
water is located on the farm of one
W. S. McGinnis, and is less thau two
miles from the little village of West
Moravia. Its singular properties were
first noted by William Allswortli away
back in 1S37, At that time there was
a stone lying near where the spring
bursts forth that was not much larger
than a common wooden bucket. At
the present time that stone will weigh,
according to estimates made by reli¬
able citizens, not less than fifty tons.
There is a wide difference between
the roadside boulder and the wonder¬
ful “growing stone” of Beaver Town¬
ship, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania.
The first finished its growth perhaps
millions of years ago, when it became
a portion of the stratified earth crust;
the latter is annually adding to its
weight and bulk as a direct result of
stony deposits from the queer impreg¬
nated waters which flow over and
around it. Moss forms very rapidly
on the constantly changing surface of
this “growing stone” on account of the
situation, which is dark and damp.
The water of the spring deposits a cal¬
careous coating over the moss, practi¬
cally converting it into solid stone.
The following season the stone is again
covered with moss, and, after a lapse
of a few weeks the latter is converted
into stone. This process has been go¬
ing on for years, until the small rock
Mr. Allworth saw fifty-seven years ago
has grown into a gigantic mass of
transformed vegetation known as the
wonderful “growing stone.”—St.
Louis Republic.
Some CJneer Atoms ot Anatomy.
There is a school of learned special¬
ists who hold that the white cells ot
the blood are traps for the destruction
of microbes.
Each perspiratory duct is one-fourth
? f an inch in len g tb > the total length
ab ^ be human body being about
nine miles. The human heart weighs
from ei ? bt to twelve ounces and beats
000 times every twenty-four hours.
An amount of blood equal to all that
contained in the body passes through
the heart once every three minutes,
lt has becn calculated that the whole
number of sweat glands or pores in the
upwards of 2 , 000 , 000 .
Abont two-thirds of a pint of air is
mbale<1 . and exha ed at each breatb of
ordinary respiration
H is estimated that in a lifetime oi
f hre « sc ° re and Jen that the
heart beats not less than 2,538,848,000
tlmes -
The lifting power of the heart, ac
cording to Dr. Richardson, is equal to
feat of raising five tons one foot
A German writer in the London
Standard claims that the heart contin
ues to grow until after the fiftieth
birthday..
Every well-developed adult of the
human species has lung surface equal
to 1400 square feet. The heart's
power is sufficient to lift itself 13,000
f ee t each hour.—St. Louis Bepublic.
------, _____
A Gruesome " \'p 0 UU 00
A young lady of this city, whost
brother, a mining engineer, is now in
Tucson, Arizona, recently received
from him a handsome present a neck
lace of artificial flowers, so rare in:
lorm and color that their likeness does ■
f roba!j! v exist > at ieast outside
-
tbat lerrRor-y. Accompanying the gift,
Mas a u ^ s C ” ption of J tS C P, mi> °“ ent i
Y’ , . put , together . by
par were a ;
civilized Navajo Indian, though the ;
chemica, preparation of the materials,
tf iut GU a S YTi In ,
engineer. „ Subjected to a somtion m of I
^ ivory white and were used as °? stamens, me a ' 1 ‘ ■
the legs turfled to a translucent yellov |
and wen circled into petals, while tht
greenish scales formed sepals and buds.
Into the hollow fangs and legs were
injected scanet and blue mineral ox
ides—the tints showing through. The
fiowers aTe connected by little Jinks of
virgin gold.—Fmladelphia Recprd. ,'
' RAREST OF GEMS.
■
IT IS THE ORIENTAL, OR PIG¬
EON’S BLOOD Rl BY.
Ioiv Rubies Arc Found in Bur¬
ma and Other Parts of
Asia —King Theebau’f
•Jars of Clems.
• r—y HE true oriental ruby is
’ | the gem or of gems, and ex¬
1 X ceeds the in value, diamond, when perfect, the
’• even says
j j Popular this great Science value News. its color Rut to give it
must be ot
that peculiar shade of red called
“pigeon’s blood,” which is a pure,
deep, rich red, without a tinge of
blue or yellow. And when of this
deep, rich red the ruby is a magnifi¬
cent and resplendent gem, which the
ancients gave a heaven-born origin by
a myth representing that it drops in
blood-red crystals from the clouds
amid the flashes of lightning.
In the language of gems the ruby is
the emblem of el gance nud beauty.
By the ancients it was also considered
to possess the power to correct evils
resulting from mistaken friendship,
and to reveal poison; and in the
middle ages it was regarded as an
amulet, protecting against the plague,
sadness, evil thoughts, wicked spirits,
ill healt h, danger and death.
The oriental ruby, the oriental
sapphire, the oriental amethyst, the
oriental emerald and the oriental
aquamarine are all corundum or pure
alumina, having the same form of
crystallization, like composition, and
tho same hardness. They are all,
therefore, the same mineral, and dif¬
ference in color is the only reason for
changing its name, in calling the blue
ruby a sapphire, the green ruby an
emerald, and the purple ruby an
amethyst.
Rubies are usually found in ns
sociation with sapphires, topazes,
zircons, rutile, magnetic iron and
gold. The crystals of the gem nro
sometimes found perfect, tapering at
each end, but more often abraded or
rounded; while frequently various
colors in bands extend across the
prism of the crystal, as when both
ends of the crystal are white and the
center red, or t lie reverse, or when
any one of the colors is replaced by
yellow or even black. These gems are
usually obtained from layers of earth
or river beds and streams, near crys¬
talline rocks, such as gneiss, mica,
slate and granite. Rubies are found
in Farther India, in the kingdom of
Ava, in Siam, and in the Capelan
Mountains, in Pegu. They also occur
in Ceylon, at Hobcnsteiiqon the Elbe,
in the Rhine and Danube, in Australia,
and in the rivers Auvergne and Iser,
in Bohemia.
The ruby mines of Burma, from
whence for ages the finest rubies have
been obtained, are situated about
seventy miles from Mandalay, and ex¬
tend over an area of a hundred square
miles. For centuries this district has
been regarded by the natives with a
reverence almost approaching venera
tion, and no stranger has ever been
permitted to approach the mines
where the precious stones are ob¬
tained. All that is known of them is
that they are worked by sinking pits
in the earth until the ruby-bearing
stratum is reached, which varies in
depth from two to twenty feet. These
mines produce annually vast quanti¬
ties of rubies and sapphires, besides
oriental amethysts an l topazes, to¬
gether with chrysoberyls and spinal
rubies. For centuries these mines
were regarded as the special appanage
of the crown, and one of the highest
prized titles of the King of Burma W’ftS
“Lord of the Rubies.” Though the
Government did not work these mines,
but leased them at a monthly renta 1
yet it reserved for ,
the royal treasury
all stones that were worth more than
fifty dollars, thereby giving the King
almost a monopoly of the ruby fields,
for it in only very small rubies that
are worth less than this sura.
Though the superintendents closely
watched the miners, many large stones
were again, carried when away by "stealth, and
a ruby or a sapphire worth
more than §50 was discovered, the
finder, in order to be able to retain
the gem, broke it in twain, and thus
many fine stones were ruined. When
m un usually large and fine ruby was
found, a procession of grandees with
soldiers and elephants was sent to
bring it to the royal treasury. When
the late King Theebau wished to im¬
press a visit r with his immense
wealth, he conducted him into his
treasury and permitted him to thrust
his arm into the great jars of rubies
and sapphires which stood in rows
around the apartment. In this collec¬
tion, the rarest and finest in the
world, were many gems of almost
priceless value. When Theebau abdi¬
cated the throne he took with him
many rare and beautiful gems, but
most of the jars of rubies and sapphires
were looted during the interregnum
that followed the sovereign’s depar¬
ture. The rabies from Ceylon, thoug^^
not found in as large quantities
those in Burma, are very fine, and are
discovered in river beds and large
streams.
The oriental or true ruby is oHen
confounded with the spinel rubv
which is an inferior and entirely dif
ferent gem, containing about twenty
eight per cent, of magnesia, These
stones are often sold through error or
with the intention to defraud but the
difference may be easilv detected bv
inferior hardness and lower sue
cific gravity of the spinel rubv This
is particularly the case with" Ceylon
spinels. This is an old error for in
ancient times all red stones were called
carbuncles and rubies and even at the
present time this name is-applied in
discrimately which to various reel gems,
is very deceptive to the novice,
1ybo lma 8 i u « 8 the rubv to mean onlv
the red corundum. Even the two
large stones exhibited bv Queen Vic
toria a? rubies at the London Exlr
bitior, of 1S6Z ,-ere fouud „u an exam
ination of tb «r specific gravity and
hardness to be spinels.-New " York
News,
Regular Christiaa Names.
According to statistics, Mary is the
most popular of Christian names, fol
lowed in order by William, John,
Elizabeth, Thomas, George, Sarah,
James, Charles, Henry, Alice, Joseph,
Ann, Jane, Ellen, Emily, Frederick,
Annie, Margaret, Emma, Eliza, Robert, Press!
Arthur. Edward.— Detroit Free