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YANGTBE KIANG.
"OMlKKS OF TIIF OKKATRST
It IV Kit OF CHINA.
Immensity of th e Valley — A Vast
Kmplrf ( ill Ff> t»y Canal* and
Diked Like Holland Chi¬
nese Country Scenes.
I n letter to the
m Chinese Washington dated on steamer fc i rd Star a
0**0 miles from tin
me th o 1
K ung,
W- Fr k <1, Carpen
s: I have
riding for
nays upon the great
Yangtse Hivcr, and
J write this letter in Almost the center
t Chin* J v ipir. I ant within
than a bund C 1 miles of the Chi
► of the celestial land, the vast
IV d Hankow, and am passing
throughth country where tl Chinese
mobbed th* foreigner a veur or ,
I down the h< >UN; of the
lo.jarie*, and killing imo of the
En ish officer of the Chinese cus-
1 >. Last night I left Kiukiang, a
big trading center at the mouth o: f
the royang Cake, and during the past
two weeks f 1 .e passed a half dozen
fit o f the size >f Cleveland or
Wi hineton,and have traveled through
about the same number of great States,
lmving an aggregate population of
souu tiling like one hundred and fifty
millions of neople. All tho towns 1
have visited I have found packed with
a throng busier than you find on low
» r Broadway at immensity'of noonday, and I am
arnazed at the this gr. at
Chinese Empire and its enormous pop
illation. I entered the Yangtse at its
mouth, where it flows through the
Chinese Province or State of Kiangsu.
This is in the center of the cast coast,
and it has an area about as big as t hut
of Pennsylvania. It contains Jnnre
llum half as many people as the whole
United States, and its population is
equal to that of the British Isles. The
State of Gauhui, which I next entered,
is no bigger than Kansas, but it sup¬
ports twenty-seven million people,
and the State of Hupeh, in which I urn
now traveling, has over twenty mill¬
ion. This great river itself has mill¬
ions who are horn, live and die upon
its waters, and at every landing I seo
a thicket of poles, each of which
springs from the home of one of the
millions of families which mako up
China’s boat population. I am amazed
at the wonderful resources of tho
country.
My eyes bulged out at tho muscles
and industry of its people, ami my
head buzzes in trying to understand
tho curious sights which are crowded
upon me.
China’s great rivers are among the
wonders of tho world, and tho Yangtse
Kiang is the k ug of its kind. It has
a greater volume of water than tho
Nile or tho Amazon, and it has built
up a greater country than Egypt along
the low lands of China. In approach¬
ing it from the ocean l found the
waters discolored by its muddy fluid
many miles out at sea, and it turns
the salty brine yellow for sixty miles
from its mouth. Hero it is about as
thick as pea soup. You draw up a
bucket and iu a moment its bottom
will have a thick sediment of mud. I
had been warned not to use the spigot
which runs from tho bottom of the
boat into my bath, but this morning
tho boy had made it too hot and I
tried to cool the barrel of filtered
water in tho tub with about a gallon
from the Yangtse. I thought tho
amount was so little that it could not
affect the rest. Tins result was that
tho clear water became the color of
mu l and my bare foot left an im pres
sion on tho bottom as marked as that
of tho savage which so scared Kobin
non CruHou on tho desert island, J
is a sort of a gritty sill, but 1 am told
that them is no river on earth which
brings down a sediment more fertile.
Tho whole of tho great plain of North
and Central China has been made by it.
This plain is seven hundred miles
long,and it supports more than a hun¬
dred million of people. Tho Yellow
River runs through it a hundred miles
north of this point, and this river, in
combination with the Yangtse, has
built the foundations of one-fourth of
the Chinese Empire. To-day it is
estimated that the amount of dirt they
carry down from tho highlands of
Thibet and of China is so great that it
forms every two months an island a
mile square iu the sea and at the
mouth of the Yangtse. I sailed by
the Tsung Ming island, which is
thirty-two miles long and about ten
broad. It has been built up within a
hundred years or so, and now has
cities and villages and supports more
*
^iraarffiajfi
i
CUSTOMS STATION ON THE FRONTIER.
than a million people. The sea at the
mouth of the Yangt e is filled with little
islands, many of which have grown up
within the memory of men now liviuar,
and along tho low banks of the river 1
can see the strata of soil which it has
brought down from year to year. At
some points these lines of sediment
are from one to two feet thick, aud
they are of a> marked colors as strata
of rock. The river ha s a vast volume
of water. A line of freight water-tight
cars reaching irom New York to Chi
cago and carrying twenty tons each
could not hold its one day’s discharge
lilt the sea, anil it* rfi<> and fall at
t he city of Hankow, about six hundred
and fifty nules from ite mouth, ranges
TIIE MONROE ADVERTISER, FORSYTH, GA., TUESDAY, JULY 3, 1894. -EIGHT PAGES.
L during t . tho year from forty to fifty
The- rino in the Yangste Kiang is so
j pTfMvt that embankment* have to be
; built along its course for more than
All of the country I have
parsed through is diked, and this, not
only as to tho river, but also as to
' very creek and canal connected with
it(>ntrftl China is more cut up by
j * waterways more dikes than here to Holland,and the mile there than arc
j will find square
you in the Netherlands. Bailing
along tho Yangste you see these dikes
,n evf r y direction. They are about
twenty feet high and from thirty to
forty feet wide at the base, and their
t°P s form the roads and paths of the
cou ntry. Along them you see all sorts
of Chinese characters trudging along.
tlieir silhouetted against the
blue sky. Here goes the great freight
car of China. It is a wheebarrow and
1 K nft Dve coolie pushes it. Behind him
cornea another species of the same, a
rnan carr yingtwo groat loads fastened
the ends of bow like pole which
sts upon his aiders. Next you
ssed girl, wearing rad
pantaloons and a blue sack, carrying
a parasol of paper and looking very
gay as she hobbles up and down the
bank. You note mandarins riding in
blue chairs carried between two hare
le ''<;<! coolies, who trot along in front
and behind, and among the nobles,
the common people on foot.
Here and there you may see a sheep
” r u hog, but the horses are oompara
lively few, and the only cattle are the
knit hog half cow known as t he water
^’dTalo. held# pulling You rude see these plows working turning in the
or
the wooden water wheels, which are
-fatiori. ' 1HI “} > u »<>»>*’ I hey parts for of China all the for world irri
are
‘>ke the Hakieylis of Egypt, an 1 there
ar '' man J things about you which re
miu ‘ l Y ou of the land of the Pharaohs,
You * eeno cattl ° or tor8 « s dragging
hunleDS over t}l ° embankments, and
the canals and rivers, in fact, take tho
1 c ® >f roads. In all this part of
(5hin , “* ik is Kai,1 > y° u ca!1 to every
loan’s house iu a boat. There are nu¬
meroUH or eeks that empty into tho
a MS
5?®
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A YANGTSE FARM YARD.
Yangste. Tho mouths of these arc
filled with junks, and on them and tho
canals, which cut up the land like a net,
you see tlm masts and sails of boats walk
ing, as it were, rapidly over the green
fields. Often there will be several
lines of these boats running parallel
with the river, their white sails grow¬
ing smaller in the distance, uutil they
form white specks upon tho dim line
of the horizon, Tho cost of making
and keeping up this series of embank¬
ments must bo enormous. The Yang¬
tze changes its courso every now and
then; it cuts away the soil and new
dikes have to be built. In many places
there are several rows of earth one be¬
hind the other, and the remains of
discarded embankments are every
where visible. In tho summer the
river rises and floods everything not
so diked. Houses are often swept
away, villages aro destroyed and the
land becomes a great inland sea. All
along the course are the vestiges of
past floods, and here and there you
seo graveyards that the river has eaten
into, and you note the gaping holes
left by the coffins. At one poiut about
100 miles from where I now am, I saw
a coffin extending half way out of the
bank. It undoubtedly contained a
skeleton, and tho wood was rotten
with age. The water was then within
a foot of it, and by this time it must
have been washed out to sea. Here
and there wo could seo men irrigating
the soil by tread-mill pumps, worked
by half-naked Celestials, and every¬
where man seemed to bo waging a
brave fight with nature and getting
the best of it.
Tho Yangtse to-day is one of the
greatest trade routes of the world.
China is said to have more boats on
her waters than there are in all the
rest of the world combined. She is
the best watered country in God’s
green earth nud has more wonderful
waterways. Suppose you could stretch
a river wider than the Mississippi in
an almost straight line from New York
to Chicago. Suppose it t‘o be navi¬
gable for the biggest ocean steamers
for that distance from May to Octo¬
ber, and let ships from Russia, Ger
i many, England and other parts of the
world sail through it, and load at its
wharves. This would be about what
can be done on the Yangtse Kiang be¬
low Ichang. If you wish to carry out
the comparison, however, you must
lot tho great river extend further
west. If you could stretch it on in a
I straight line it would go to Denver,
and still be navigagle for large boats
and barges. Y'ou must push it on
further west to San Francisco, and
you are still 500 miles from its source.
It is said to be 3500 miles long, aud
: it has its rise in the mountains of
Thibet, and has tributaries all along
its course. It taps two great lakes,
whieh give it canal communication
with other provinces, and the most of
the tea of the world comes from the
lands south of it and is shipped across
the Poyang Lake, near where I now
am, aud sent to Hankow for sale.
In coming into the Yangtse its month
is so wide that it is hours after you
see the muddy color of its waters be
fore you can distinguish the banks,
and for the fir.-t fifty miles of our
journey we passed through what seemed
to be a great inland sea, ranging from
twenty to fifty miles iu width. Our
first hills were passed about fifty miles
inland. Seven hundred miles from
the coast I found its width to be more
than a mile, and it holds that width
nearly all the way from Shanghai to
Ichang, a distance of about one thou
sand miles. It contains many long,
narrow islands, and it now and then
branches out into different streams or
cut off- from the main bed of the river,
which at high w ater materially shorten
the course. It is as full of modem
steamers aa the Miaaisgipp), and has
in addition tho thousands of odd boats
and junks of the Chinese. I could fill
thin paper with the mention of the dif
ferent kinds of craft and their loads,
and among the ships there are many
which would be a surprise to American
readers. There are Chinese life boats,
for instance, everywhere. They are
low junks with oars and sails, and they
watch the river during the storms and
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| A WELL-WATERED LAND.
—
pick tip such sampans — be
boats as are overturned, H <D
under the control of tho districts
through which they go and form a
sort of a river police,
Now and then they capture a smug
gler or a pirate, and here and there
outside of some of the villages I saw
boats which had been cut in half and
set np on end. I asked what they
were, and I was told that they had he
longed to pirates and thieves. The
culprits had been caught and
headed, and their boats were thus put
tip as warnings to their brothers to be
ware of the law. Such boats are usu
ally put up at the places at which the
crimes were committed,
Everywhere you meet with native
and (tovernmeut officials. The differ -
ent provinces have their customs of
fleers, and they levy a heavy tax oil
all the native boats, each official gets
his squeeze, an l the taxation is ter
ribly heavy. The customs collected
for the general Government are iu the
hands of foreigners, for the Emperor
caunot rely upon the honesty of his
own officials, and so an Irishman, Sir
llobert Hart, collects his duties for
him, and his boats and officials are at
all of the leading ports. You see their
customs officers scattered all along the
1 tanks of the river, and at high water
they sometimes use the little huts of
bamboo, which are brought down in
the rafts from the upper Yangtse.
This valley of the Yangtse Kiang is
a vast garden. All along its course
the grass is as green as in Egypt in win¬
ter, and two or three crops a year are
everywhere grown. In looking over
landscape you see no fences or barns.
The people Jive in villages made of
thatched huts, with walls of plaited
reeds, which they plaster inside and
out with mud. Sometimes the huts
stand alono in the town, and at other
times they aro joined together in
blocks. The best of them are not
more than twenty feet square, and the
average farm house has only one story.
The earth forms the floor. You could,
I venture, build a good one for $5.
Tho houses stand flush with the slimy
mud sidewalk, and the filthier and
L
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CHINESE POLICE BOAT.
dirtier this is, the better it seems to
please the people. Each village has a
clump of trees about it, and in look¬
ing over the valley you see hundreds
of these clumps, and realize the force
of the statement that the whole Em¬
pire is one vast village. Many of the
villages, I am told, consist of only one
family or elan, and the Chinese are
said to take better care of their rela¬
tives and to work together better than
any people of the world.
The best of the towns here are close
to the river, and we have passed many
walled cities, with pagodas and t emples
rising above the other ridge-shaped
roofs. At some of the bigger centres
this ship stops to take on and dis
charge cargo, and I have gone through
a number of cities since I came to
China the names of which I had never
heard. Take the city of Xganking—
not Nanking, the old capital of China,
you have all read of that—but Xgan
king. How many qf you have ever
realized that it existed? Well, we
have just left it. It is a city of about
a halt million people and is bigger
than St. Louis. It is the capitol of
the State of Ganhui, which hasapopu
lation of more than one-third of the
whole United States, though it is not
as big as the State of New York. It
1 lies right on the banks of the Y angtse,
’ about 150 miles above Nanking, and
it has miles of walls about it. These
j walls are twenty-five feet high and so
; wide that yon could drive a buggy
j around the city on the top of them,
Xganking is well built and rich now,
j | though it was nearly ruined daring
the Taiping rebellion, back in the
fifties. At that time the rebels held
j it under siege, and food became so
scarce that human flesh was used, and,
j it is said, was sold in market places
for its weight in silver. The city has
now a great native trade, though it is
j not one of the treaty ports, and foreign
j steamers cannot stop at it. It has
one of the finest pagodas on the
Yangtse, as shown on t he initial illus
tration. It is a seven-storied tower of
rose pink, rising, as it were, right
from the banks of the river, to a
height, I judge, about half that of the
Washington monument. It is many
sided and its top is decorated with a
beautiful cap of bronze, which is built
in rings, like those of some of the
temples in Siam, to a poiut. This
tower was being repaired when I
visited it and a framework of pole
scaffolding extended from its base up¬
ward to a height of more than one
hundred feet. Upon this hundreds
of Chinese masons and painters were
working, and away up on the sixth
story I could note little fly-like celes
tials clinging to the wall and pitching
T1 P the ravages of the weather. ]. was
to see it, for it showed me that
there is at least one place in China
where the monuments of the past are
respected, ami where both the religion
ancl the temples have not gone to coed
Names ol Children.
Down to the early part of the pres¬
ent century it was usual to name a
child after the saint on whose day he
happened to be born. A writer to
Notes and (Queries in 18.33 states that
he had recently baptized a child by
the name of Benjamin Simon Jude,
On his expressing some surprise at this
somewhat similar conjunction . of
names, he was informed that the birth
had taken place on the festival of SS.
Simon and Jude, and that it was ai
ways considered very unlucky to take
the day from a child,
The custom of naming children after
any particular saint has fallen into
general disuse, except m those coun¬
tries where the population is corn
posed almost entirely of Kornan Cath¬
olics. The giving of a name in bap
tism is really no essential part of the
rite, but is merely a custom derived
apparently from the Hebrews, and
which through long practice lias be
come an important element in the cer
emony.
Many instances might bo furnished
of children who have inadvertently The re¬
ceived wrong names. registers in
Warminster Church contain the fol¬
lowing entries:
“1790, January 17, Charles, daugh¬
ter of John and Betty Haines. This
child ought to have been christened
Charlotte, but, owing to a mistake of
the sponsors, it was wrong named.”
“1791, July 13, William, daughter
of William and Sarah Weiddick. N.
B.—It was intended that the child,
being a girl, should have been chris¬
tened Maria, but through a mistake
of the godfather it was named Will¬
iam.”—Westminster Review^
The Kabylcs ot Algeria.
Civilization has not yet made much
impression on these gentry. They
still live in wigwams of boughs, cov¬
ered over with a patchwork of rags—
in which you may perchance behold a
.Parisian pair of discarded trousers
rudely incorporated—and they herd
together in the smoky and flea-in¬
fested interior like cattle in a stall, or
rather pigs in a pen. The Koran’s in¬
junctions for the repression of anger
do not strike them as wcA thy of accep¬
tance. In fact, they are as keen in
vendetta as the Corsican.
A murder has to be atoned for by a
murder. The man who refuses to ex¬
act blood for the blood of his relatives
is pointed at as a coward. Among cer¬
tain of them the procedure is as fol¬
lows : As soon as a murder is com¬
mitted, the relatives of the murderer
hasten to the relatives of the victim
and demand pardon, at the same time
offering the price of blood—about $50.
This money is set aside in a cow’s
horn, put in the corner of the dwell¬
ing, and kept there until a member of
the murdered man^ family has
avenged him. It is then returned to
the relatives of the first murderer, and
the account is considered squared.
The saying, “Such a one has his
horn full,” implies that the family in¬
dicated is on the lookout for a chance
of assassinating a member of a certain
other family. —All the Year Round.
The Torch Fish,
One of the most noteworthy and
striking facts of animal life is its
adaptation to the conditions of its en¬
vironment. Study any animal or groups
of animals, and it will be seen that its
leading physical characteristics are in
exact adaptation to its habits and con¬
ditions. The torch flsh is a deep sea
fish carrying on his nose an organ
which he can illuminate with a phos¬
phorescent light or extinguish at
pleasure. He does not use his lan¬
tern to guide him on his pathless
course in the dark depths of ocean ; or
to enable him to look around him;
but, when meal time comes, he lights
up to attract small fishes, which, mis¬
taking the lantern for a phospohres
cent insect, dart straight for it, only
to find their way into his capacious
jaws. The mode in which the lantern
is lighted and extinguished is not
clearly understood.—Literary Digest.
A Movable Mirror.
& US:
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it.
The highest of the White Mountain
is Mount Washington—6285.
TWO STRANGE FISH.
Th* On* Can Fly, ana the Other
Has • Sword for a Weapon.
A strange creature is the flying
fish, of which there are two species,
one, the dactylopterus. called the
flying gurnard, the other the exocoe
tus fish or flying found herring. These flying
are only in the tropical
and subtropical sens. The flying her¬
ring is plentiful, but the gurnard is
scarcer. The fish are seen oftener
during rough than calm weather, and
if pursued by enemies, or frightened
by vessels, will dart from the water.
The wings are without motion, except
a slight vibration they ns the do wind passes
over them, and not move
them as a bird or bat. to guide their
course, but their flight is straight¬
forward, and any deviation from this
course is caused by the current of air
passing over them. Their flight is
generally rapid, and longer when fly¬
ing against than with the wind, and
they usually keep close to the water,
although during windy weather they
have been known to be carried high
enough to full on the decks of vessels.
Another queer fish is the sword
fish. It is also found in the tropical
and subtropical zones of both the
eastern and western hemispheres.
Some of the tropical species are of
enormous size, and measure from
twelve to fifteen feet in length, with
swords at least three feet long. This
sword Is much the shape of a cone
somewhat flattened, the end sharply
pointed. It is smooth on the top and
sides, but the under part is rough.
It is really an elongation of the bones
of the upper jaw, and is possessed of
very great strength, for with these
weapons they have been known to
pierce the copper sheathing of ves¬
sels and heavy plates and timbers,
but although they can drive the sword
far into these substances they cannot
draw them out, so break them off and
swim away without them. A large
fin extends nearly the length of tlie
back of the creature, which is folded
back when the fish is swimming, in
order that its progress may not he im¬
peded if speed is desired, but when
quietly swimming it is often erected
and acts as a sail to carry it through
the water. The sword fish is very
aggressive in its disposition, and will
often assail fish much larger than it¬
self. Even the whale is not. exempt
from its attacks. The food of the
sword fish consists of smaller fish,
which it kills by st abbing them with
its sword. There is quite a large
business done in sword fishing, as the
flesh is used for food. The larger
species are caught by harpooning,
the smaller in nets.—[Detroit Free
Press.
The Shah of Persia is superstiti¬
ous. He always carries with him
when lie travels a circle of amber,
which is said to have fallen from
heaven in Mohammed’s time, and
which renders the wearer invulner¬
able ; a casket of gold, which makes
him invisible at will, and a star
which is potent to make conspira¬
tors instantly confess their crime.
Skin
Eruptions
and similar annoyances arc caused {
result by an in impure blood, dreaded which disease. will | r
a more
Unless removed, slight impurities ‘
will develop into Scrofula, Ecze=
ma, Salt Rheum and other serious
results of
J a I sufferer have for from some time a severe been m ~“ (fjj
i blood trouble, remedies for which I g -
took many that UlUl/U
did me no good. I have
now taken four bottles of
S.S.S. | with the most wonderful results
Am enjoying knew, have the gained best health I
pounds and ever friends twenty
my say tney never saw
me as well. I am feeling quite like a new
man. JOHN S. EDELIN,
Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C.
Oui Treatise on Blood and Skin Diseases
mailed free to any address.
SWIFT SPECIFIC CO., Atlanta, Ga.
-------- ~
F. J. Stilson,
JEWELER
55 Whitehall St., Atlanta, Ga.
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r constant drinker, but after using your Tablets but three days he quit
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you, in order to know the cure was permanent. Yours UbI.’HELEN trap MORRISON.
Cincinnati, Ohio.
The Ohio Chemical Co:— Gentlemen:— Your Tablets have performed a miracle inmy case.
I have used morphine, hypodermically, for seven years, ana have been cured oy the use of
two packages of your Tablets, and without any effort on my part. W. L. tUibbai. ,
Addruas all Orders to
RESPONSIBLE THE OHIO CHEMICAL CO.,
51,53 and 55 Opera Biock. LIMA, OHIO.
(In writing.plea® mention this paper.)
nr
8
SNVV SCO!
1 A
for Infants and Children.
IMIOTHERS, Do You Know paregoric,
Bateman’s Drops, Godfrey’s Cordial, many so-called Soothing Syrups, and
most remedies for children are composed of opium or morphine f
Do You Know that opium and morphine are stupefying narcotic poisons t
Do Yon Know that in most countries druggists are not permitted to sell narcotics
without labeling them poisons f
Do You Know that you should not permit any medicine to tie given your child
unless you or your physician know of what it is comjtoeed ?
Do Yon Know that Custom is a purely vegetable preparation, and that, n list of
its ingredients is published with every bottle ?
Po You Know that. Cactoria is the prescription of the famous Dr. Samuel Pitcher.
That it has been in use for nearly thirty years, and that more Castoria is now sold than
of all other remedies for children combined ?
Do Yon Kno w that the Patent Office Department of the United States, and of
other countries, have issued exclusive right to Dr. Pitcher and his assigns to use the word
“ Castoria ” and its formula, and that to imitate them is a state prison offense f
Do Yon Know that one of the reasons for granting this government protection was
because Castoria had teen proven to be absolutely harmless?
Do Yon Know that 35 average doses of Castoria are furnished for 35
cents, or ono cent a dose ?
Po You Know that when possessed of this jvrfect preparation, your children may
be kept well, and that you may have unbroken rest f
Well, these things are worth knowing. They are facts.
The fac- simile iw ow every
signatnro of wrapper.
Children Cry for Pitcher’s Castoria.
Schofield’s Iron Works!
3N£«.xi.-a.f a.ct’u.xera e.xi<S. ToToToexs of
Steal Engines, Boilers, SAW MILLS, Cotton Presses
General Machinery and all kinds Castings.
-Sole Owner and Manufacturers of
Schofield’s Famous COTTON PRESS!
-To Pack by Hand, Iloree, Water or Steam -
•BASS GOODS, PIPE FITTINGS,LUBRICATORS, BELTING, PACKING,SAWS,ETC
-General Agent for
UNCOCK INSPIRATORS AND GULLETT'S M AGN OLI A"C0TT0N Gill
J. S. SCHOFIELD & SON,
MACON. GEORGIA .
EVERY MAN
HIS OWN DOCTOR
Ky J. HAMILTON AYBRS, Itt. D.
A 600-page Illustrated Book, contain*
lug valuable information pertaining showing 11
disease tow of the human system,
to treat and cure with simplest analysis of
l&edicines. The book contains
of courtship and marriage: rearing and
management of children, besides valu¬
able prescriptions, recipes, etc., with a
and a full complement of facts in mate¬
ria medica that everyone should know.
This most indispensable household adjunct will be to
every well-regulated post-paid, address
mailed, pr>& SIXTY to any CENTS. Address on
receipt of
ATLANTA PUBLISHING HOUSE.
116 Loyd St., ATLANTA, GA.
.< -