Newspaper Page Text
S
CRIME IX KOREA. | -K*M 1 " tli0 . v rin ,)e carried away,
! • j '! , rt V- Crime ^ re \ eTT rut}l lu lj aV>out F Un *
‘
TIIK IfORRIHLR lM'NIMlM f.M' Of i'/' 'T'" r t,’ S pt ’ * 6 :ar ** I 10 *’
TRAITORS AM) ( HIMINALS. F V 1 r \ !,> e , e lgntr ^. aml Ton
will find little information . . aJkmt
The f’rlwori- and execution Grounds prisons and punis hments in any of the
— 'I'orture of Witnesses ami
Other Cruel Practices -Some
Inhuman Devices. <>*» A 5 3
r T j T REASON bly rewarded is nowhere so terri
ns in Korea, /
writes Frank O. Carpenter, in I,
i, the Washington Star. My m
blood runs cold when I think of the
punishment which will lie meted t 1 f 1
to those who have rebelled against the n
King, should the Chinese become vic¬
torious and Ilia Majesty’s corrupt of¬ /I
ficials be allowed to carry out the laws ffi; i
which now exist I imve told how the ! !
body of the dead rebel, Kim Ok Kiun, I -
was brought to Korea, how it was cut j !
into aix pieces, and bow the bloody
head, the hands, the feet and the | KOREAN SOLDIERS.
trunk were carried over the country ;
and hung above the gates of the cities ! book s on S V*’ .
ns a warning to rebels Not only tbi« !n,l but f littb ! ’
j T , n i on the country,
man lmnself was killed Ins’ but his whole I 1 SM I g»ve you
family and all of relatives ' 1 » Y ,nlv \t a l me °°
b.s n terribly punished His fo r
;-.;ia.l he could loprevent “ J “«?
awes rebellicm h we.d Jlcrnfst mT quesUowTnd
dragged and his km . S.-S I Il,c ' 7 a “» 1 be *
out h< ai .. Vh« ,v l-V *i ‘i '' '' Americnu wbo ha f eve
The of the famtfy ' r
men even f Ho tu i the 1 Ivoieau r prisons. leant ,
third tmr.i and and fourth fourth gen/,-i generation were exe- reconcile the cruelties I saw with the
cuted, and the a omen, including j many noble qualities which I find
Kim’s sev< nteen^year-old daughter, | among the Koreans. They are in
w<rt ! Y VeD 'T * Hi th© 8 ^© 8 of the some ways the most polite and most
officials. Aftgr this rebellion, the refined people. They are lovers of
mothers, the vives and the daughters j poetry and flowers. They are particu
u11 who Vve taken up arms against j lar as to etiquette, and their souls in
the King will become the common ] most ways are as refined as ours. Still,
property of the Government and of , these punishments are such that they
the imi^iHjrnteH of the provinces in would be a disgrace to the most
which they live. They will bo dragged | ignorant and savage nations of the
fronj their liornes to be slaves, They African wilds.
wilf ha Ve no rights tlmt anybody will Korea is practically a feudal nation
1*6 bound to respect, and their only to-day, and it is in fact in the same
I of happiness will bo in death, i state that China was about four luin
went out, one morning during my j dred years back. Korean thieves are
/ a
w Wmfe T
\ Mi A j . -i \r
M|\w A saaAfe’
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m 4'
i .-/'/j*
wmrriNO a prisoner’s shins in korea.
stay in Seoul, with a Korean noble to J decapitated for their crimes. They
the execution grounds. They are sit-j are only cut into two pieces, how.
ifttedjust. he outside of the west gate of lever, and the law provides that their
♦ city, at a point where thotnam i bodies need not lie ou the execution
rnadw crossing Korea grounds longer than two days before
to liio south meet, and at a spot, which their relatives can take them away
is considered the most publio place in and bury them. The thief, when ha
the wholo hermit kingdom. 1 hero is is first taken, is flogged by the ofti
quite a city surrounding it, though it corn. Ho is then naked ns to his
is outside of the walls of the city, and crime, and after this is taken to the
a big business is done by tho shop- house of tho Judge. Tho Judge de
keepers with the travelers who cross it mauds what ho lias done with the
on their way through the country, property, and if the thief replies that
I Ins west gate is tho lowest and least it has been sold nnd gives the name
honorable ot any of the entrances to of tho party who has it, it is con- |
the Korean capital. It is through fiscated. Ho is then taken to jail »nd
this that all coffins are carried out of' kept there lor 100 days. At the end
io city for burial, and it is by this of this time the police give him the
way that criminals must go on their j option of life or death. If lie accepts
way to execution. I ho Korean who life he becomes a servant of the jail
wont with me was well versed in the j for the rest of his existence; if death,
nasot t io country, and he showed he is strangled. »
mo just how traitors are executed. . The strangling is done in a curious
icy are brought trom the prisons in w ay. There is a hole in the door of
ind.' carts drawn by bullocks, and i the cell just large enough for a piece
then-last days are tilled with tho re- ' of rope about tho size of n clothes
moments of torture. he carts have i line to pass through. A noose is made
no spimgs, am tie stieet through at the end of the rope, and this noose
w uei t ley tue carried is so lull of | i s placed around the criminal’s neck.
stones that it compares with the cor- | The other end of tho rope is put
) ’ iro ^ ™“ llS ° tbe black hwamp of through the hole in the door or the
luo 1 ho criminal is not allowed to j wan, nud the police pullet the rope
stan d or sit in the ca rt. H o is tied to until they bring the man’s chest nud
neck above and below the hole and
until the neck breaks and the man is
x^Sar dead. The question as to whether a
thief be strangled or decapitated de
I pends upon the nature of the offense.
: Strangling is much tho more respeo
i table way of dying. Sometimes this
i is brought about by hanging, Tho
pH thief s neck and bands are t.iod to a
post, so that his feet are some dig
* tanco above the ground. About his
unkles a stout rope is then fastened,
I and to the end of this a stone, several
times as heavy as his body, is hung,
j Of course the man dies.
m snffocatiou, Another method and this, of execution stiange to is say, by
is done with paper. The man is laid
fiat upon his back, and a sheet of So*
v) rcau paper is spread over his face,
Thu has been soaked in water and fits
doYY Z“ "it ‘makoT 1 XEu
A KOREAN JAILOR.
a cross which is built up just over .....'■»>'«,r?"' u 5
wheels and nailed to the cart. „urs tit
««.is WghtbBt
stretched out aud tied his toes are j hand. It is as thick as a sheet Jf
still six inches from the bed of the blotting paper ami almost as strong
cart. A block is then put beneath : leather. When moisture is applied t*>
them, and this block is so short that it it becomes exceedingly soft, but
the tips of his toes barely touch it. does not loose its strength, nnd it
The road grows rougher as it nears would make an excellent molding ' ma
the west gate, and from thence to the tonal.
execution ground it is tilled with ruts j 1 was told of a curious custom as to
and great rocks. At the west gate the policemen who make false arrests
block is knocked out from under the They are terribly punished, and if
prisoner, and ht- hangs by his arms something similar was adopted as to
and his m*ck. The bullock is then our American Sheriffs there would be
Ml n ,he Tl*"” “* J ”' Ih8 K ° r f““
rh/ckminlHstlkenfi'.'^l; ?“ 7 u M ! k £ , tuSS
cross. Hets stripped bisOuthcs
»* or iron chop
a “ mtmtrer an? h W kin ?‘- Ti a ' 1 Hls H Y res V8 bave * Dot . seen “. truly
•
8W rX; d whKhisso 7w blunt hr > • f arr f tlus the ™- maU a F dltls
shouldeJi^ out ’
habbl There ents vlr is ll t l?! l^h.ch ^ out._.knot!ier th ° u ^ ht to be , just way that °i penormmg they be this put
has been used ass f for years f for rt this pur- punishment » by laying the police
pose. ^1°“ ^ ^ face UP 1
hundred ve«s old and d U A t •' " P bamboo, just about ,
un p thousands thousands of of necks necks. Tl The worst of j one inch m thickness and as long as a
e rebels are cut in six parts, as was pencil, is fitted over the eye, and the
m an .' Men of l'fomi- otner end of it is pounded with a mal
nenoe amt , uf leu serious offense> are let until the squeezed into
eyes are up
!>!.up \ v vcapi ate< . ut the >odies Lie bam moo tin es. Such cases are
ui Uioutja the sun lor three ; not common, but a policeman who in-
THK MONROE ADVERTISER, F'ORSYTH, GA., TUESDAY, OCTOBER 111. 1S94. -EIGHT PAGES
Jiftble tentionallj arrests an innocent roan is
to this treatment.
Among the most terrible of Korean
crimes are those against your parents
or ancestors. There is a prison in
Seoul that is devoted entirely to pris
oners who commit crimes against their
parents. If a rich son refuses to sup
port his father he can be sent to jail,
and the boy wLo strikes his father can
be whipped to death. The parricide
is burned to death, and it is in Korea
much the same as in China, where the
killing of one a parents subjects the
child to be suced into thirty o Id pieces
or carved up by inches.
1 he torturing ui prisoners to make
them confess is common in Korea and
it is wonderful what inventions of tor
ture are sometimes in use. Thin*, of
tying a man’s bare feet to a stake in
the ground and burning his tow, with
powder Hunk of all sorts of flog
gmg and pinching and cutting, and
you can get some idea of the powers of
a Korean magistrate. In the prisons
you will find iron chains, stocks and
M sorts of manacles. These Koreans
T V* the flesh is
raveled off ot the bones, and I have a
photograph of a mau tied in a chair,
™th hw knees bare, and a jailer whip-
1°“” th^e
APfSC Uo jf)\
Vy/
l:
V
m
ON THE RACK.
consisted of a log of wmod aboht fifteen
feet long and at least a foot in diame
ter. This had been split in two, and
holes had been bored through it just
large enough to hold the bare ankle of
a man. The three criminals each had
one foot fastened in this log, and the
jailers, when I appeared with my sol
diers and photographer, tried to move
them out into the sun so that I might
get a good photograph of them. As
they pulled them along I heard one of
them utter a cry of pain, nnd I saw
that the features of all were contorted
with agony. It made mo sick, and I
desisted. I told the jailers to let the
men be, and that I would not take
their pictures. I took a photograph,
however, of one of tho prisoners, who
was wearing the Korean caugue. This
is different from tho nrticles used in
China, and I have never heard it de¬
scribed, nor read of it anywhere. You
will find no description of it in the
books of travel. I do not suppose
that many know of its existence.
Tho Chinese caugue consists of a
squaro of framework or board,
in the centre of which a man’s
head is fixed, and which
rests upon his shoulders, jutting about
two feet out from his neck on
every side. The Korean oaugu© is a
plank, often longer than the man him
self, with a hole in one end of it, in
whioh tho neck can bo locked. If tho
man wishes to move about ho must
hold up this plank with his hands, and
when he sits down its heavyweight
rests upon his neck. I found it in
tho jails of many of the magistrates
whioh I visited in the oountrydi*
triot*, and it is by no moans a mild
instrument of torture.
Paddling and flogging are the most
common punishment. This prevails
everywhere, and the official is very
low indeed who cannot order tho com
mon man down to be paddled. Every
magistrate has his professional
paddlers, and many officials, when
they go about, have officers who go
with them, carrying these instruments
of torture. In passing tho front gate
of the palace one afternoon I saw a
number of these kesos, as they are
called, with their paddles beside
them. Their master had probably
gone in to see tho King, and they
wmre waiting outside. These paddles
are about six feet long, five inches
wide, and perhaps an inoh thick in the
centre, tapering down to a thickness
of perhaps three-eighths of an inch at
tho end. They have small handles,
and they are made of a white, hard
wood, which is very flexible and
elastic. These paddling kesos have a
regular guild of their own, and the
business often descends from father
to Bon. They are wonderftiliv nnd'the expert
in tho use of the paddle, offl
cers carry from two to n hundred of
them with them, according to their
rank. I had one or two with me dur
iug a large part of my tours, but I,
of course, did not use them.
Often a half dozen men arc paddled
at the same time. If there are no
planks handy, they are laid flat on the
ground on their faces, and their feet
are sometimes fastened in this posi
tion in wooden stocks, so that they
rIXinYeT.h W,''
ua !r. Th 7 „ h r, th Y ^
ready for action, and they bring them
down at the cry of the under officials,
who, with swords at their sides, stand
at the head of the line of half naked
men and yell out a sort of a chant,
which sounds something like this:
La-hoo-aa-hoo-oo. The paddles are
raised at the first la, and as the final
oo*oois uttered they are brought down
with a crack like a pistol on the bare
skin of the men, and the executioners
grunt with the exertion. They have
“ 0fpreSSinS,hepa4dl6d0 ' rn0n
\
\
--I________ the cavgue
the quivering flesh, and of pulling it
off with rub "
a before thev raise it.
The first strike usually makes a blis
ter, and at the close of the second the
paddle it wet with water or blood,
As these executioners dragit off, thev
ruh it into the san.l, pressing it there
until the kesos again cry La-hoo-aa
hoo-oo. Then the paddles are raised
again, and as thev are brought down
this time thev* are covered with
sand. They pound the particles into
the tlesb, an l as the men drag them
off they take away the skin as though
it were sandpapered. I eau give you
no conception of the punishment, and
when vou remember that anv official
has the right to paddle any man be
low him, and almost any one of prom
ineuce can paddle those of lower rank,
you can get some idea of the cotdi
tion of affairs in this country. I be
lieve the people must be naturally
kind, or life here would be a hell to
the masses. As it is, sometimes men
are killed by paddling. Fifty blows
would surely do it, and the ordinary
dose is about twelve strokes. Much
paddling will reduce the flesh to a
jelly, and even after slight punish
ment men have to be lifted up and car
ried away. They cannot rise of them
selves. This paddling goes on in the
army and a general or a colonel can
padd e a private, and the privates
paddle the citizens, and so it goes.
There is such a thing as bribing the
d ™ n am \ onl T Punish him
.
official life, and there will have to be
an entire reorganization of the whole
system of government here before the
people can have prosperity or peace.
Shorthorns,
Shorthorns have clone more to im*
prove our herds of native cattle than
all the other breeds combined, and it
is with pleasure that we note a marked
revival of interest in them since tho
Columbian test demonstrated the pos¬
sibilities of the breed at the pail.
In England it has always been re¬
garded as one of the principal dairy
breeds, being preferred very generally
to ^“e Jersey, which it defeated at t ie
^ ast English dairy show. In this
country hitherto shorthorn breeders have
improved tho beef capacity
o1 ' the breed at the expense of the dairy
finalities, so that they have of recent
years fallen somewhat in the bnck
ground. That their milking qualities
could soon bo regained there is every
reason to believe. If they were as
general in the breed as in England,
^be shorthorn cow would soon become
^be favorite dairy animal with thou¬
sands of American farmers.
Some judicious importations of
shorthorns bred for dairy qualitios
would greatly improve tho breed. Our
illustration represents a choice speci¬
men, Baron Lavender, 106324. This
grand bull was bred by William Duthie
Collynie, Aberdeenshire, Scotland,
imported by John Millor & Son,
Brougham, Ont., and sold by them to
his present owner, the Kellogg Stook
Farm Company, Claridon, Ohio. He
is of noble ancestry, having been got
by Leonidas (59260), out of Lavender
4,6th, by Dunblane (47792)} g. d.
Lavender 20th, by Pride of the Isles
(35072), and when his grand confor
million find exoellent quality nre con
eider,?d,—it w ifr " 'De'' seenthatlro is a
I» *9 1 #s8
t ,
it. toahMi f^kjUL |w km® 4 ' 4*
♦»
.
prize shorthorn bull.
decided acquisition to the shorthorn
blood of tho United States, He is a
youngster yet, having just passed his
third birthday, nnd will doubtless
render good service for years to come.
—New York World.
Tho Outside Cellar Stairs,
As usually constructed, the outside
collar stairs become very much dilapi¬
dated after a few years of use, aud
many serious accidents occur by fall¬
ing or slipping from and upon the de¬
caying steps. If stones of the right
length can be obtained, they are the
best possible malarial for tho steps,
the next best being pink, though
neither can be depended upon unless
the whole space underneat h tho steps,
down to the level of the cellar floor,
be laid up in masonry. Where only
small stone, either round or flat, is at
hand, lay up the stairs of tiii s material
thoroughly imbedded in mortar, mak
* n S the steps of the needed height,
When this is done cut a plank step of
the proper width and length for each
step and place them on top of the
etone ste P> aa shown in the accom-
7-^4
—
j%5r£|§|bs?
z&zs&zmegmm
durable cellar stairs.
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bf 5' e ainiU ?^' „ j % 9 1
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the ^ps from w tw 0 - nch " pine^plank, ,°?
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in nS vf a a ‘ * °
CUl u nrie
•___
The Most Original Wedding Present,
Wnedthat‘«nAm6ric.„ -d„ ./ T.nnrlnn nant-r it ia
TO man ha,
the most original of adding presents.
^
««accredited with marches a, suit
ing the temper of the guests at that
moment of solemnity, but as dinner
progresses and the courses do their
enlivening work, the harmonies
brighten accordingly, ti.l at dessert
the cover, are ringing out the mad
dest of polkas and galops.-New York
Dismatch
Colonel Casev is called the corn
king of Henrv County, Kentucky. He
owns 1560 acres in corn, and has been
figuring on 62,400 bushels.
DAINTY PRESSES.
ARTISTIC C ON C KPT ION'S IN AU
Tl'MNAL COSTUMES.
Summer's Daintiness Reflected in Fall
Gowns—Prevailing Colors in
Dress — The . Norfolk
Jacket's Return.
-r I F proof is needed to show that the
I fall styles will be characterized
by summer’s daintiness, a ol anc8
at the accompanying sketch
should be convincing. No pains have
been spared to have these two gowns
highly wrought, at least in their upper
halves The left one of these two
dresses is of dull green woolen suiting,
having a moderately wide bell skirt
entirely plain. Its jacket bodice has
a vest of gathered white mull which
i s finished with a turndown collar and
a pleated frill that extends jabot fash
ion down the front. A short circular
basque finishes the jacket, and is
trimmed with a double cape and two
velvet straps, ornamented with steel
buckles, which keep the loose fronts
in place. The moderately wnle gigot
Pink silk, pink silk gauze ami white
!r^sr-*ssst covered with and
gauze is finished
with a lace frill inside. The outside
remains untrimmed. The blouse re
quiies a fitted jiiuk foundation, over
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TWO FALL AND WINTER COSTUMES.
No. 1, says the Mail and Express, shows a dress of the popular black and
White checked silk, with the skirt trimmed with two gathered frills. The full
bodice is drawn into a deep belt of black silk buttoned with fanciful silver
buttons, and bearing from the neck to the waist ft cravat of embroidered
tauslin, with an applique lace edge. The sleeves, which reach only to the
are-tied there ivith blade-fibbesfl,-wMfr-the-e oa t i m e - i a-i-rowa-ad- with %
French hat, wuth soft lace falling over the brim.
No. 2 represents a gown with a skirt of flowered chiue, trimmed round
the hem with two kiltings put on in Vandykes n\ accordion-pleated chiffon.
The bodice, which is made of a plain heliotrope poult de soie, shows double
revere, one of the chine silk, the other of the plain, turning back to display
an accordion-pleated vest, which is tied up to the neck with a band of ribbon
set into a bow at the back.
which the tullo and lace insertion are
laid, and gathered at neck aud waist.
It is alike in back and front and
fastens afc the side. A pink ribbon
belt is ornamented with two bows,
like ones decorate the puffed elbow
sleeves, and a white tulle bow is
placed at the neck.
Cambric, which is stiff, starchy and
crinkling, is quite the right thing for
a morning gown. Let it be made
with a gored skirt, finished with a
deep stitched hem. The bodice will
have a high standing collar of moiro
(D,
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v
1
*1
TWO AUTUMN MAIDS.
_________
or piquet, and there wall be flared
cuffs to match and a folded belt v/ith
a rosette at either side of the back,
from which fall long stole ends. For
colors white is always pretty, and pink
with white moire has an established
vogue. White with a tiny pale green
line is elaborated with lilac moire, the
^ 8traw '‘ !a ’ c “ f '
S?sxsi tt .i"a;S 3
mu,^
_ ^ stiLE --. &ao*s. _
.
N° ^ oma n going to buy an old
style shoe, if . she wants to feel that she
Jf. ae ^ re8se< ^ as °*“© r women.
Tne fashionable boot an 1 shoe is now
made on a pointed last, with a straight
Common sense and round toe
lasts are oat of date, and so are the
diamond tips. It doesn t cost much
“ore to be in than to be out of fashion.
The new style shoes are not uncom
« - «. «s c™
P~cb«i am.d the dn ff .r ioeh, of
„ blond or brunette the newest coiffure
ornament stands forth as a perfectly
unique conceit. It is an owl, per
fectly modelled m diamonds, with eyes
of yellow agate. Not quite as original
^ this owl ornament is a butterfly of
mother-of-pearl, which is, however,
given a brilliant appearance by a stud
ding of rubies, emeralds and sapphires
upon the wings.
THE NORFOLK JACKET S RETURN.
There seems to be a tendency to a
return of that old style, the Norfolk
jacket, which was so popular ten years
ago, that, when well made, sets off a
slim figure better than almost any
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vy.i
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*
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other garment, and is universally be*
coming, unless a woman is fleshy to
exaggeration. This particular jacket
is cut on graceful lines and ought to
be taken up by many slender women.
THE RIGHT THINGS TO WEAR.
In looking upon the array of smart
novelties designed for autumn and
j winter wear, one is bound to admit
that tlie black and white craze has in
no way diminished, its most careful
manipulation having been productive
of better results, which are largely re¬
sponsible for its sustained popularity.
The unique idea in connection with
this blending of opposites is to bring
in a veritable outsider in the way of
some colored or flowered silk utterly
antagonistic to the general color
scheme adopted in the black and whito
mixtures. Thus a striped gown will
have a turquoise blue or geranium
pink collar and belt or a black satin
skirt will have a white chiffon bodioe
trimmed with bands of black lace in¬
sertion laid over magenta or green
satin ribbon the same width.
Alpaca has come to the fore as a
serviceable fabric, and poplin has been
made popular by the boom given it in
England through Her Majesty, the
Queen’s preference for it and lavish se
lection of it in the gift of a trousseau
to Princess Alix, the future Czarina.
The plain undraped skirt will be the
favorite this winter, as the overskirt
has not proved as popular as was ex
jiected, there befing very few modistes
who could manage the double arrange¬
ment as gracefully as the less compli¬
cated form. Flat folds and bands are
used in preference to fluffier trim
! miugs, but what the skirt lacks in be
| ruffled fullness, the bodice amply
| makes up in its extra dressiness, as
E iere i g no ornamentation missing so
.
* ar as that is concerned. The sleeves
! are n °t finite as large as formerly, but
; make U P for width in the matter of
| g rea ter length, coming over the
j knuckles frequently, and they are
| than therefore formerly. a little I larger he double at the wrists has
puff
been introduced instead of the large
single one, and is really a very pretty
style if managed w r ell.
COATS FOR COOL EVENINGS.
r , 5(
.igh.-fittiug and with horn buttons,
aie emg in roc uee. . course, _e
s _eves are enormous,^ o i °'©r 16
res^es no *ng e se w<m t o. utu
; lcra Ia ue cape, ~ su lcien. pro cc
lon tt ? ai ^ s an .> c ange o erapera
and which is at the same time
a Y ‘!' Y!. x ca U * ° aB *■ a ° P” r / e e '’ CO! ‘ . n:l gairni.a ^ a-J ^nmer
' -
& ese r^fiuiremcn s is ot
a P-, YvYf t /.Y l T?t b . U fP°^" J kP" ’
, . Yl n. loiliab V t“llY
.Wider cam a The
for very joung girls.. for thair moth
ZT «* yy f ° r SChOU ‘
„ 4 no rel, is cut something after the
.style * of a man’s Newmarket coat, the
fr ont and back cut mono piece, and
the lapped seams coming appeianoe just below
the waist, giving the of a
long back. The skirt sp its up behind
to the waist, and the loose fronts are
double breasted. This for traveling
i s nfrfeetion
-—
The total value of farm animals in
the United States m 1386 was esti
mated at $1,277,111,822. la 1834
their value is put at 82,170,816,751.
TIME TABLES.
PREPARING THEM FOR TIII3
GREAT RAILROADS.
A Wonderfully Interesting Publlca-**
tion—The Main Object is Con¬
venient Hours—Made With
Pegs and Strings.
T I J HEBE of are occasions when he in tho Ufa
every mau finds a
railroad time table a wonder¬
fully interesting publication.
If he is not accustomed to traveling
by rail he is apt to look over the table
with a feeling of awe, and to won ler
why it is so complicated. He may se¬
lect a train that leaves the city at
what seems to him a convenient tiuu?,
aud rush to the station to catch it,
only to find that ho had faile 1 to
notice tho little S at tho top of the
column above tho time of departure,
indicating that it runs only on Sun¬
days. Then he is liable to sit down
to study tho time table, and par¬
ticularly the notes at th > botto u of
tho page.
There is no positive aud uuifonn
rule to regulate tho explanatory
marks, but I) generally in licates iuclulinlP^ thaJIk
the train runs every day,
Sundays; S shows exclusively Sun day
trains, and those that run six days a
week have no particular sign. Tin
letter Z iu a coluuiu opposite tho
name of the station is often tho sigml
that tho train stops there only on
Sundays. Thera are various marks
used to notify travelers that they will
find drawing room or sleeping cars on
a train, or under what conditions
stop3 will be male at minor pine os.
To the man accustomed to travel the
time table is no mystery. He takes
in everything at a glance an l notices
every sign intended to attract his at¬
tention. Many of the commuters who
go in and out of the city every day
know their time tables by heart, and
when any change is made, road the
new table with more interest than
they would take in the most sensa¬
tional news of the day.
Ti mo tables are llow drawn up by
railroad officials with"the endeavor to
avoid unnecessary perplexity. It is
far easier to arrange one for one of
the great railroads of the present day
than it was a scoro of years ago.
Most of the loug through lines have
either four or six tracks, and it is not
necessary to calculate at what time
trains will have to pass and to plan the
time of the departure of an express
from either end iu such a way that it
can reach a junction at a certain
moment aud allow the express from
the opposite direction to get by wiTi
out a moment’s more delay for either
than is absolutely essential.
The only object now in making uj)
the time table for great railroads is to
have passenger trains start from one
end aud reach their destinations at
convenient hours. To suit tho great¬
est number of pa sengers a through
train should not lcavo the city either
too early in the morning or too late
in the evening. Every railroad must
regulate its fast trains to a certain ex¬
tent according to th£ time tables of
other railroads.
The convenience of smaller towns
must be lost sight of in catering to the
greater business of the large cities,
and the minor railroads must give way
to tho mightier ones and regulate
their connecting trains accordingly.
In the outer room of General Super¬
intendent Edgar A f an Etten’s suite of
offices in the Grand Central Station is
an enormous chart covering the great¬
er portion of one side of tho wall. By
the aid of this chart very many time
tables have been arranged in days
gone by. At either end are arranged
in a column the names of every sta¬
tion on the road between New York and
Buffalo.
The distances between the names
are irregular. From the name a
straight line is drawn across the en¬
tire chart. The lines are arranged
with mathematical precision, so that
each inch on the chart from top to
bottom represents a certain number
of miles, or fractions of a mile. Wide
perpendicular lines represent tho
twenty-four hours of the day, begin¬
ning and ending with midnight.
Smaller lines of different colors show
half and quarter hours aud each livo
minutes between.
Given this chart and having made
arrangements for connections, it was
not very difficult to draw np the de¬
tails of a time table. All that was
necessary was to fasten a peg at the
end of the line where the start was
to be made and place another peg at
the destination, allowing as much time
as the train would take between tho
twm points. Then by stretchiug a
string from one point to the other tho
hour for passing each station along
the line could be told by a schoolboy.
The fastest train- may be scheduled
for sixty miles an hour, slow loeal
trains for eighteen miles. If two
trains to travel at these rates of speed
were to leave the Grand Central
Station at one o’clock, for instance,
to go ninety miles, the upper peg for
the fast train would be placed at half
past two o’clock, while for the slow
train it would be placed at six
the string the if drawn tight woukWP^
over line of each station at the
exact hour the train should be there.
As a train averaging a certain speed
has to go rather slower up grade and
to make up the losj on the level, the
difference may be calculated by know¬
ing the country through which it has
to pass.—New York Herald.
A Ghastly Story.
Quite a ghastly story is told of tha
British General Postoffice, concerning
“invisible ink.” A postman had long
been suspected of stealing sheets of
postage stamps, but the crime could
not be brought home to him. One
day be was found with square foot
or two of them in his possession, and
confronted with his official suoeriors.
He maintained, as on other occasions,
that he had bought them for his own
use.
“What! these?” exclaimed his chief,
at the same time passing a moist brush -
over one of the sheets, whereupon the
blood-red words, “Stolen from the
GeneralPosfcoffibe,” started like flame
upon it. Au eye-witness of the occur¬
rence described it as most me to ira na
tic, aud the ingenious chemicV eou
trivauce at once brought the thief to
lus knees.—Argonaut.