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THE MONROE
VOL XXXIX.
1M RISING OF ( IlICAGO.
FIRE’S RICH HARVEST IN THE
AWFUL DAYS OF 1371.
V.
* I l»c !>«•« t rnrt I amr* tlisit Wiped
Out ft I,re it < ■firrul from That fit te¬
fnl O'l.cury l It ll «m ole Work of
i ho Firemen.
hnn -Ml l i
A noi k eh te-t
men's e lit our c««: g n ry i has
p rhftps has shown
i at c-th f
,, A 7Z 1 r Chi
of I. cour
a oaf u; ■ i the men who built
11)0 ) c tho ruins of
1 li¬ ft ft ” J to 1.1 i country at
P •po n .: o -t f congratulation
... s every 2 _.tl on.
Tho ( ’hicagi _ a paral
lol in r n do I A v cities
have burn by ac ident and
others by i but in all
the annul < f t th( not •n
rocoi «h c- a coi m ho fear y
destruc r. that which over ik
( rr icago twen th y s ago. io
g 2 mil lire in 1 » n Ion destroyed some
iO l Id in r$, but t ro mo. <
cheap odifici w m ly of t'io Ch T
cago build in WO I) tantlai struc
tures of 11 n-q brick nnd ir n. When
Moscow was burned i On ring the inva
sion of the Fri nch ai i tho highest
estimate of tho nui 11 ) • of buildings
dost to, ed was 13,00 ». in Canton, < hina i,
in 18:2, 15,000 h< use wore burned. Tho
less in tli "res was enormous, but
yet it did not. - von approximate) tho
dam igo d<>no by t ho fire that started
in tho little I»arii < n I’oK'oven street.
In the numb r of buildings
tho area lat i wusto and tho loss in
money value tho fire in < hiea r o stands
without o ,ual, even us tho reconst
V m M
ir*'
Jt
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>
MIIS O’nXARV's BA1IS.
Chicago tion of tho «ity n' is less uiq aral elod. In the
(ir- t than 18,UtO build
lugs were destroyed, ‘loft 2 , OJ acres were
burned '>ver and n ddWffrH waste
. *pd do
in cash valutroxc.-cdod 0,0 .OjKIC.
More than 120 ,coo pe-mlo wore ven
do red homeless. Tie entire bu-ino s
port ion of the city wa-wiped hed'suu- out of
existeme. ........ . Men who went to
tiny night worth a mi lion awoke the
next lnonunir paupers, The fruits of
twenty-four and years of industry and econ¬
omy in night enterpri fraught e had disappeared
a with griof a:ul ter¬
ror. Mon raved and w* men went.
while children clung, terror-stricken,
to their parents, wlio woro as holpie-s
us themselves. There was no invading
tho _
army at, gati but the work of
destruction and do olation wa - as com
pleto as thougli Napoleon's guns had
shelled Chicago as they diet Moscow,
and tho lit' y speotftv-lo was as terribly
iiwhila-t if another Nero had applied
tho ti lvh.
Origin nr tho Fir: 1 .
It was shortly alter 9 o'clock on tho
night of r-undu v. <Vt. 8, l s, 1, that tho
( li icago tiro bell rung up tho curtain
on — a .j panorama which stands - ut alone,
unrivalled in tho history of the world.
Tin ej months of drought which had
parched the w oden buildings, of which
Chicago ......* wax then mostly built, had
well prepared t‘ e city for its terrible
fate. Fevoral unusually large fires had
broken out during the preceding
week, one ospocially on Saturday, O. t.
7, had exhausted the firemen utterly.
Sunday No tho; o very one was making holiday.
the ght of any misfortune came to
myriad citizens or to tho wearied
firemen who were taking their well
e mu d ease and indulging in the rec
real ion* which the town afforded.
her Chicago in those days didn't have
excel’ent lire alarm se. vice which
, now Mi; on >r to any ui tho world. A
watchman wax kept stationed in the
oour. homo towerMo look cut for I’m s.
ami on ' ais lateful night wlieu he saw
j' J'ht ught in tho Mutiny, st. in
.ho uireotiou ot Saturdays tire, ho
; the >* old e,V o >« n.:ag "?* at ion dying Ax ho looked of
briuhtor°an' T ,h ", li ? ht b / co “1
bi iglitoi and cloa er an d the > fearful
-l-A Utlt-liy, .
*
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□ "Y'M-F -li j:
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//— •• * *vr;
Spirit
WHERE THE EIRE STARTED,
T.ie House N Standing n t-i e of the
O l.e.iry Cot a--o.
truth rnAfl.l iinnn r° ^
’vui broken ‘
out P ! wi in 'w In
X x a!) w llio n '-"t , .k
street Y)ivixi!m in " L. , ! .” ‘ tu .9
\\’ost n'nn-v 1 lin,’;-y’*a C {«“
in milki''o- I’P'i* ‘ lte 1
lamp lamp uat bv " ti' j 1) u)i\ t.toved - over
.
enxelujiedihe tho lamp and the fia : e- nnmMiate y
shea, shooting tueir red
iCmau'c im maiuniiieliMi n"L'clnVrihm House, * finally ,,
bee ming aware o: the truth, gav.* the
alarm, l utn.u h delay interve ed be
!“ 1 he 1 ‘ ( *!®. 11\ h Inc ' t ' companu' Department - answered it.
wax : o >r
enougu ut best. L wo hundred men,
Boventoen steam tire repafr engines who.eof
three were in the .hop . sixty
fcoN Cdr\.| RPd Judder truoku
FORSYTH. MONROE COUNTY, GA DAY MORNING. JANUARY S, 1895 .
* ,8 ^/ c et;0 f,h° 8e covered It
all. i outfit, it . wil be remembered,
nis
v.fis to de.en i from destruction a
sprawling wooden city of 330,000 in
habitants. I-orty or forty-five precious
m mutes was u-ed up before the tire
men got to the scene of the conflagra
tvon. Many of the men w r ere halt dead
with fatigue—one man afterward raid
that he had been on duty’.or seventy
two nsecu ive hours—and [others
were sick from the effect of the
previous fire.
I* lames Beyond Control.
The flames were utterly beyond con
troi in a short time. Tho mass of
,..™n wooden i buildings in the vicinity b.a ed ,
PS -J$za&S&SZ iSJBEr )
'
_
W 2?
kj 'ifflp PI 1!« raijj I
wmm u IS
THE COURT IIOU 8 K
A- It Appeared Seen Tnrou^h tho Ruins of
Clark Street,
like tlpder and several lumber yards
along rich t he margin of the river furnished
food for tho f'aines. A strong
west rly wind began to blow, and this
drove th i Humes across the south
branch and into tho south division
with incredible fury. Just at this time
the wrotched lire aparatusbegan to go
to ]>ieces and before day dawned eight
engines and seven other machines
were rendered useless. Attempts were
made to stop the progress of the flames
by blowing up intervening buildings
with powder, but the strong wind
drove tho lire over every gap which
could bo made and rendered the work
useless.
Tho fire soon reached the business
1 art of the city and banks, ho els,
i-hops, theaters, tho postoffice, the
Court House and the sub-treasury all
fell into one burning, fiery grave.
8 ueh scenes were rover before enacted
and probably never will be again.
Disaster tore the veil of proton-e from
human character and kindno s and
charity, brutality and dishonesty
ranged side by ; ldo. Again, the ca¬
apparently lamity so crazed others that they were
and bocanio deprived of their senses
unconscious of their ac¬
tlons -, \ f n E? m lte h0US beginning ®* t S ho the us f fire, and iro as “ n
block to block , excited only , norror and
diamay Wi th blanched iki people
__ "iWf'IVT..... . f
that ?$ u ~ tho city fij© and ot the 300 nig lives ht before, would but be
°} lt of oxistence, that tho in¬
habitants would bo driven into the
h ‘ came lxm d ] ou r 1 t n norivor , on thc prairie* was supposea was never to
’
lie . assablo barrier, the
an nn> i ut ter
rifio wind ihat was blowing to the
northeast hurled firebrands a quarter
of a mile from the West Side and the
destruction of the South Side began,
^ ^North ^Side, confident^ of safety,
sought points of vantage to view tho
great sight, and looked about too late,
it was encircled with flame. The
\M l
1 1
- ■i r II ^ I I j <»w! If
ROOKING DOWN MICHIGAN AVENUE.
truth one—The o-raduallv forced itself uroneverv
cit. was doomed.
*!■>« tho Kin. ‘ snr^d ’A'.,..
r P lue 1 e fP ed . from r building to
building as if ., they were stvawstacks.
1 he air was filled with tying brands
and si arks. 1 audemomura reigned.
Toe roar-of the names had increased_a
Hundred fold. As the ca.amity grew in
extent non. women and children
came (rami The ho,uv.r-st,Token .i
leuee that had prev ailed in the begin
f 1 * ^ave way.to a confusion of wild
despair, bnok v.alls were falling m,
♦! t.to \',l° 1 ax». - n ment , ! s. 3 and V u-n . ^ sa.tx u" n 1 f' and pil
h uVf ZZt *m ,,-‘.r “ f't n,’,.' Vn 16 6
r i'ffb fi r .ct , * s n c o o to ti he
oriunnal. KddL thev e tmod the
¥rv KSvlrr a » a e5d k0d «? It
thiHosbrazenl> thiew off men who
iveivdrivini; with loads of goods they
had faced, and m unting the vehicles,
0 PP °
s ^L, "l'
... ,01t , esCU __, ,
1:0 e c " on.j
ce^ed , when . the , flames , rendered work
no longer possib.e, Tae dravmen fed
on tbe disaster like vultures.' From $5
to $100 was the price charged for every
load of goods transferred. All the
streets were filled with people fleeing
from the fire, but the scene of Wabash
avenue far surpassed all others. From
curb to curb the street was choked and
ammed with the mob hurrying to t e
south like a fleeing army. Cra y with
excitement, screaming, yelling, curs
ing, praying and by eying, the people
^ t: 'hirgled to get each behind other and
away from the fire them,
oa dray loads of t links were
ladies in elegant dre-ses and adorned
with precious gwels. which they had
donned them. *
to save
1 r ** ,lc Kffor ‘* lo Property
Men and w.-men in the shafts of bug
gleS ' pu J lia * X ^ em al ° U ~' !*°. rses ’ wa f
ons. carts and carriages, driven reck
lessly ^x;ople over carrying those who got dragging in the their way,
or
go ds. women with children in their
arms, others looking for lost i nes,
drunken neu leeling and staggering
child,w, through tho rich crowd, and nen, in women and
poor, one hetero
.w.pt down the rv*hu#,
ill
n
Hospitable doors were thrown open to
entire strangers and they were housed
and taken care of until they were again
driven out by the advancing flame?,
and their they saw other had been. homes destroyed
as own Often the
kindness of those who welcomed the
homeless was repaid by the pretend
cd thing unfortunate valuable victims "stealing every
in the house. As As
the the night night were wi re on on toe the scenes f cencs in in tho the
st ueeti " became 1 ----- raoro — -- horrible. Liquor
houses and saloons were broken open,
barrels of whisky and wine relied into
tho streets, the h ads knocked in and
^ho _ c n i :ent.s quickly dispatched.
crate drinkers drank like old tdpers,
and ok i topers were lying in the gut
ters. Fomo drank to stimulate their
s-t ength, others to drown their dis
tress. Women drank with the men.
Rfi-hly ladies, di eased and apparently refined
with jeweled hands lifted ti e
vino glass again and again to their
lips. Homes of inte ligence and refine
ment and haunts of wickedness and
vice poured their children into tho
same street side by side. The infamous
jo tied \he innocent, and the vicious
leered in tho face - of the virtuous.
Incenuiarism also cropped out. For
plunder, firebugs set houses on fire
that they might pillage them without
being discovered. On 3ld street a boy
saturated a clothes-line with coal oil
an l t ii-ew it into a building. He was
killed by the firemen. At the corner
of State and 32d streets a n „, rrn saw „
white man firing a building . and .
promptly killed shot him down. Two men
were for setting fire to the
Jesuit Church on the West Side. On
house. He was beaten and stoned to
death by a crowd, and cn the same
street a man v.as shot dead for firing a
negro’s barn. After the water supply
was exhausted neighbors put out a’fire
’ft*
SB
Wmtr ,l1 ^
THE FOSTOFFICE RUINS.
in a barn at the corner of 12tli and
Burnside streets. They extinguished
the fire with s nd, which they carried
in their coat? and hats. A man found
in the barn was shot.
^e 11 ^PjiF;r, night. Sunday night, all through
ri
continued his awful reign of destruc
tion. Not. until there was nothing leit
in his path to burn was the fiery mon
barn, ster ap which ea:-oJ. Corr mencing in the
was near the corner of Da
Koven and Jefferson street3. Une flames
swept north to Lincoln Park, leaving
in their wake miles of devastation,
acres of destruction, millions of loss.
In a few short hours the all-consuming
flame had swept over 2,4C0 square
acrc3. It had traversed an area almost
four miles long by one mile to a mile
and one half in width. More than 18,
000 buildings hud been reduced to
a-hes. Over 120,0 iO men, women and
children had been deprived of their
homes. Every bank in the city had
been blocks, burned. hotels, Schools, churches,'busi¬
public ness buildings, theaters, factories,
national and munic
ipal, had disappeared. Thousands Industry was
paraly. ed. were on the
verge of starvation. Hundreds lay
dead, the victims of the conflagration,
How the Ilelief Cams.
Before the lire ceased the work of
relief was begun. Between 1 and 2
o clock Monday the First Congrega
ti nal Church, corner of Washington
and Ann streets, was taken possession
of and converted into headquarters
for lelief service. Green Street
Church was seized and turned into a
Other refectory_ cities for feeding quickly the to the masses, relief
came
of Chicago. clock First came Indianapolis.
At 3 o Tuesday two carloads of
cooked provisions and two lire engines
fully manned arrived from the Hoosier
capital. Next came St. Louis and then
Louisville. Seven
and uncooked provisions, blankets,
bedding, clothing, etc., arrived from
Springfield. from Milwaukee; Ill.: six from Fort Wayne;
six two from Cairo,
m., and tho surrounding towns and
villages titief for LOO miles sent great quan
of supplies. Boston sent a
_1_I_
UM
^ 1
A -
-
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*'
ruivx 1WN of james’ chitch CHtKCH -
_
check , lor §100,000: A. T. Stewart,
of New York, sent $50,000: ^ James A.
Western of Manchester, N. H.,515,
Weity of Erie, Pa , H.i.O 0; Troy. N.
^ -lO.ub: Montreal. Canada. $10,' 00;
Albany, N. jrlO.'XH): Philadelphia,
Brooklyn and Pittsburg, each sIuO.OjO:
Eidder. Peabody & Co.. MO J,000: A.
Bv.morU A Co., Duncan. Sherman w
Yo., and in-ow Bros., ea h eontrihuted
5=o3J00, making a total of •S.AO.OOO.
To.vns all over the Lmted otates
took a hand in a-sistrag the city, and
*m tuesdav night it wa- known that
M.oUO.OOd had been contributed by the
people throughout tae country for the
hre su.ierers al trainl m Chicago. .of St. Louis
sent seve ads supplies,
$50,000 ,rom tne city and over §70.00 i
from citizens. Lov.Lville distributed
wo /, th of The S ate
of Illinois through the legislature - , pre
sented Duke Alexis the city and with ?2.' 55,34*. Grand
the Japanese Prince
Iwakura ea.-h donated $5. *.»■;(». It is es
timated that unrecorded gifts of the
value of $2. JOvi.OCO were sent soon after
the fire from town, in Canada and the
United States
TU« com uioq of thing* after lh« fir*
was enough to appall wic-toutest heart
and make But those th most Chieagi&s reseja e lose cour
age. slvfke of’71 knew
not foar. Before the hal ceas.d
to curl up flora the rut .a a;, d ashes of
their homes and their ko ; ines s paces
they had set about re-(M?&tin£the city
of which they had u.-f \ oeen robled.
With blistered hand- the^%vp||’and 'Jet t*»;d souls
th and" they cleaved away r^/'Wentv ruin
ana began to rebuild. years
- -
■
3Bsks
-\— ft =?.
--EgaF x u m A. m
— Vswf
_
W. IX K l jf,
First Buildin-x Erected r tho Fire.
they kept this Cj ,/> ;
up new -5-trk. Then to
crown it they wrote on the sands oi
the lake shore an arc! Xecturai poem
and invited tho world t v come and ad¬
mire. And the world ^mme and ad¬
mired. Not only did *t admire the
white city in Jackson Park, but it ad
mired the mighty magn licence 0 = the
“SeHul magic city of tho West » n d the most
woncleirul on the eartl -.Chicago!
Men said at vespers: “All is well.”
ln ono wlld the city fell;
On three score spires hacl lo-kciw s U nset shone,
Where ghastly sunr&Q on none;
Men clasped each other's»h*nds and said:
“ ihe ci! Y of tho West is esad.”
Bravo hearts who fought, j u slow retreat,
The fiends of fire from sti”et to street
Turned powerless to the I- lading glare,
The dumb detiat y*. of despair.
A sudden Impulse thrilled each wire
That signaled round thau.ea of iiro.
Swift words of cheer, wa,cin heart-throbs
In tears came; of pity died the yldp Aame.
From East, from West, Horn South, from
North. 2 : fM- ,5
The messages of hope shot fort.ii,
And underneath the severing wave
Tho world, full-banded, reached to save.
Fair seemed the old; but ta iror still
The now tho dreary vc«:d tfjoso .jiiall fill
With dearer homes than o’erthrown,
For love shall lay each y>per stone.
Rise, stricken city, froiT mee throw
'i he ashen sackcloth oflt-y woe;
And build, as Thebes '5K mphion’s strain,
To of cheer thy l again.
songs s
How shriveled in tby hoi /Jlstress
The primal slu of selfish a. 3B s,
How instant rose to t-ak-. thy; part
i The an sel in the human 1 5art.
Ah. not in vain tho l!a,iliat -o-sed
Above thy drer-cUa- aye
Christ, i,jUBP a^ai-n .
| Then liftonce moro thy rowers on high,
| And fro* - with spires tho wesicrn sky,
fB
" Js jpgjaar JU:
VAN BURES STREET BRIDGE.
To tell that God O yet with us,
! And love G is Whittier, still miraculous,
'
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j THE BASQUES OF SPAIN.
j
A Peculiar People Who Possess a Remark
able History.
The oldest race of people on the face
j \ of tho earth it i» said are the Basques
of Spain who inhabit the country on
j the northern and southern slopes of
j the Pyrenees on the shores of the Bay
! of Biscay. They live quite apart from
I other people and are generally very
j beautiful both in form and ?eaten e.
The early history of the Basques,
; writes an author in a late number of
j the CWmopoli'an. beginning is mythical and it is
o. ly from the of t e eighth
century that they have a well-authen
ticated record. It was then they de
I with the S; aniards. It is to th m the
honor is due oi taking the chains from
the Caliph’s tent which haiw “and now in
! the Church of Pamplona are
J carved since that time' on the shield of
Castile fn LaLtfubfe All Spaniards %ere who too z part *?he
ennobled
Either Basaues never b en sub e-t
to the Saracens, or t ) anv other
race, were pronounced aT n ,bb: so
ever since, to secure a patent of
nobility, it is only birth. necessary Hence to produce
proof of Basque the con
tinuance of ‘the primitive absence of
caste, or sociai distincti ns, an ideal
state unknown to such a degree ehe
wholly 5 S ?e ^^
once gav cavalier to take up the
“Lives of the Saints." when he lav
unded and read until he was fired
with enthu-iasm to emulate them and
he won over another Basque —
! Francois Xavier—to a similar career of
Christian warfare. But as a race the
n Basques .. nna , have not flourished. « A .,HahArt
“On Tick.”
The expression ‘on tick” is not a
modern phra.-e. In tbe following diary of Abra
ham de la I rvme the passage
occurs, under date of 16.6: “Here is
very litt e or no money comedown
among us, so we scarce knew how to
exist. Every one runs upon tick, and
tho re who hud no cieiit a year ago has
s i c credit enou/h now. ” n a letter
c£ the Dean PrL.eaux. of Norwich,
England, dated May. 1661, he says:
“The Mermaid Tavern is lately broke
at Oxford, a.id our Christchurch men
have to bear the blame, as the town
will ZrBre^l havp it ^vs f»>-r ticks w“d amount to FA io "
the dck is wr- >’
r , int ,.i from the word ticket a a
tradesman's bill wa, formerlv called,
ticket-" , K ra 0 n, 'o-inplK- “nn
the'bid that ix rh'n<r< taken to be nnt
on h" -edlev in the “Mulberrv
(garden V ” 1 -InV' -n - I confess Pemx'lt.s* mv tick
i- n ot = 0 ‘ g •* ” " idham **‘ v t - )
r w^fainto !uced ta dt.? want «dfi! be m due time fell «ir>u ’
—Brooklyn Eng'e.
ADVERTISER
FOOTBALL.
QUEER DEVICES WORN BY
PLAYERS.
“ Harness” Used to Guard Against
Injury--Origin of the Canvas
Jacket-- Interest in the Game.
Anybody who goes to a big football
match nowadays will marvel at the
“harness” and “armor" worn by the
players. Twenty years ago canvas,
molesHns, nose masks, and shin
guards'were unknown to the young
men who rushed, kicked and tackled.
In those days a common long-sleeved
jersey, an ordinary pair of long trous
ers, heavy walking shoes, ank a skull
cap made a football uniform com¬
plete. But the rough tackling caused
many a jersey to be torn to shreds.
It was in 1876, according to -Mr.
Tracy Harris—the famous ex-Prince¬
ton player—that a student at the
Jersey college by the name of Ledru
P. P. Smock, who hailed from llights
town, N. J., and was alleged to have
run a hundred yards down hill in
9 1-15 seconds, presented himself as
a candidate for three-quarter back
on the Princeton eleven. Smock’s
jersey was torn repeatedly, so that
lie concluded to find some remedy
for the evil. Accordingly he made a
sort of jacket out of canvas. It
laced up the back like corsets, and
Smock required the assistance
of a friend to get into the thing,
When he appeared upon the field he
was the laughing stock of the stu
dents. He was guyed unmercifully
and ridiculed by everybody who
saw him. But Mr. Smock had noth
ing to say. He just waited for the
game to begin, and the moment he
got the ball he dashed right in among
his opponents. Tackling in those
times was high, and, of course, sun¬
dry wild grabs were made for Smock’s
neck and shoulders. But he slipped
through the grasp of every one.
Several players lost their finger nails
in their efforts to stop the wearer of
the improvised canvas .jacket. As
the game progressed it dawned upon
the players that Smock had invented
something worth thinking about, and
it was only a few weeks afterward
that home-made canvas jackets were
worn by several players. A year
after that canvas became popular in
all the big colleges and schools, al¬
though many players continued to
wear jerseys only. Trenchard, cap¬
tain of the Princetons of to-day, never
wear* canvas. It was the custom to
.setae,- ‘ WSlikiBai sluPE:
. r boTfc I^P^KttTcan «•
paWding vaSTrT? uH
out came into
afterward. The heavily padj
skin trousers did not r
appearance until abou^j
they instantly becam
are universally worn! the® u
of Princeton, was
wear shin guards. In a s7
he was badly kicked on the shin’and
would not play another game until
he liad improvised a guard for eaeli
leg. It was made of tin and proved
quite serviceable. But in 1887 the
sporting goods dealers began to make
guards that resembled cricket
greave. Most players, especially
those holding places in the rush line,
wear them nowadays.
As a protection for the face a sort
of rubber mouthpiece, such as base
ball catchers used to wear before the
mask was invented, was used by
many players in 1880 and succeeding
years. Butin 1889, at Springfield,
John Cranston, of Harvard, appeared
with a device that startled the on
lookers. It was a small wire mask
that covered his nose and mouth, and
was strapped on his face by a rubber
band that encircled his head. In
every scrimmage that Cranston took
part in this wire arrangement was al
ways sure to cut somebody. Crans
ton made no bones of running into
other players, head on, without suf
fering injury to himself. This wire
mask gave Capt, Cummock an idea,
and he imparted it to John Morrill,
the ex-baseball player. Morrill,
after trying several schemes, invent
ed a rubber nose mask, which is
worn by players all over the country.
When one of these masks has been
strapped on to a man’s face, it is a
question of which is the more beau
tiful, the man or a gorilla. In the
last two or three years players have
been wearing all sorts of devices to
prevent injury. Bads to be worn
over the ears, helmets to protect the
scalp, supports for the abdomen are
among the principal things donned
before going upon the field.
Last year the Harvard eleven went
a bit further than the other colleges in
the way of uniforming themselves,
for the men suddenly burst into view
wearing those celebrated leather
suits, the bill for which caused such
controversy between the members of
the team and Financial Manager
White. But the new attire was not
a howling success, and the chances
are that the Harvard players will re
turn to the time-honored canvas togs
this season. The adoption of all
these new fangled things, however,
convinces us of one tiling. The game
in the past five years, not including
this season, has grown dangerous.*
The flying wedge and mass plays, in
vented by Lorin F. Deland, and in
troducc-d by Harvard a few years ago
at Springfield, served to increase the
ehances for injury. In fact, there
never were so many accidents as
marked the gam'es of a year ago, so
that the public demand for a change
in the rules led to the appointment
of Messrs. Walter Camp, of Yale
W. A. Brooks, of Harvard; Alex,
Moffatt, of Princeton; John C. Bell,
of the University of Pennsylvania,
and P. J. Dashiel, of Lehigh, as a
committee to draw up new rules to
govern the game. That they did
their work conscientiously and well
is evidenced by the increasing popu
larity of the sport and the
ably small list of injuries so far this
season.
The interest in the game is spread
ing every day. This is proven by the
increasing strength of such teams as
those representing Cornell, Lehigh
and tlie University of Virginia. The
University of Pennsylvania has also
improved The game as played in
all of the big preparatory institu
tions and in all of our public and
private schools gives proof that it has
a firm hold upon the younger ele
ment. who, as they grow up, will en
ter the higher institutions of learn
ing as full-fledged football players.—
[New York Sun.
STRENGTH OF THE SWAN,
A Blow of Its Wing Sufficient to
Break a Man’s Leg.
We all know the tradition about
(ho power of a swan’s wing—that its
blow would break a man’s log. I
questioned a man who has much to
do with swans about the credibility
of the tale, and ho told me that he,
for one, was ready to believe it, and
thought that any other man who
had received such a blow from a
swan’s wing as he had suffered would
be likely to believe it also,
H e was summoned from his cot
tage by the news that one of the
cygnets was in trouble. A boy had
been amusing himself with the elo
gant sport of giving the cygnets meat
attached to a long string. When the
cygnet had swallowed the meat well
done the boy would pull it up again
by means of the string. It was great
fun for the boy, and the cygnet was
unable to express its feelings intel
bgibly. On the occasion in ques
tion, however, the lump of meat
stuck, It would not come out, and
the boy, fearing consequences, had
let slip the string and bolted, The
cygnet did its best with the string
by swallowing several yards of it,
•but began to choko before it got to
the end.
' At this jnneture friend
my was
summoned to its aid, and simulta¬
neously, as it appeared, the stately
parent of the cygnet, that was swim¬
ming on the pond close by, perceived
that something was amiss with its
offspring. It swam to the bank and
commenced making its way to the
young one’s assistance, But the
swan’s method of progression on land
is as awkward and slow as on the wa¬
ter it is graceful and swift. The swan fB
herd was the first to reach the c
net, and, soon seeing the troub^i
liad calculated to re> it befo
r u. .....II aearent came had_ up w^^^^&qAg J://^i—aSP
:
S jw,
of ti
wliTch is mostexposed to attack when
| a man is stooping and the onset is
j made from behind. He was knocked
over on his face, and, continuing the
impetus received from the swan by
scuttling over the grass on his hands
and knees, was able to escape from
the bird’s fury, which was soon trans
ferred to solicitude for its little one.
Kut the blow had been sufficiently
powerful to make the sitting posture
uninviting for several days and to
incline him to give credence to any
^ e ” ent ^ ftbout the strength of a swan s
wing.
Early Us® of Sugar.
The sugar cane and its uses have
been known in India, its native
j home, from time immemorial. It is,
; perhaps the earliest source from
which sugar was produced, and all
other modes of manufacture have
been borrowed from ana based on it.
The early classical writers knew sugar
vaguely as “honey of canes.” To
the Greco-Roman world the sugar
i cane was the reed which the swarthy
Indians delighted to chew, and from
which they extracted a mysterious
sweetmeat.
It was the Arabs—those great car
riers between the East and the West
—who introduced the cane in the
Middle Ages into Egypt. Sicily and
the south of Spain, where it flourished
abundantly until West Indian slavery
drove it out of the field for a time
and sent the trade in sugar to Ja
maica and Cuba. Naturally you can
afford to undersell your neighbors
when you decline to pay any wages
was' to your laborers. Egyptian sugar
carried to London in Pianta
genet times by the Venetian fleet,
where it was exchanged for wool,
the staple product of mediaeval Eng
land.
Early in the sixteenth century the
cane was taken from Sicily to Ma
deira and the Canaries. Thence it
found its way to Brazil and Mexico, to
Jamaica and Hayti. Cane sugar was
well known in Italy about the second
century, and has been common in
England since the Tudor period. The
spacious clays of great Elizabeth had
sugar for their sack; and ginger
was hot in the mouth, too, as
we all well remember.—[New York
Ledger.____
A New Materia!.
Wood-stone, or xylolith, is a man
ufactured material that is believed
to have very many uses. It is made
of calcined magnesite and fine saw
dust, and treated with chemicals,
When first mixed, and before the
paste has had time to set, it is made
into sheets and put under a pressure
of one thousand pounds to the square
inch. It is saturated with linseed
oil and dried, thus making it more
impervious to moisture. It is used
as a building material, and bears a
pressure of three hundred pounds to
the square inch, It is made in
sheets from one-quarter of an inch to
an inch and a half in thickness. As
a flooring material it is very highly
spoken of,
NO. 5 1
Women vote at all elections in
Wyoming,
The tiara of diamonds is losing its
vogue somewhat.
Tho fashionable chirography of tho
period is vertical.
There is a rage for “old lace” of
every kind and sort.
Souvenir cups and saucers have
crowded out the spoons.
Handwriting on tho wall says tho
daysof the puffed sleeves arc number .-J.
Evidently tbs prejudice against
green as a popular color has died away.
Dull blue note paper and envelopes
is the affectation among society women.
English girls use artificial means to
make them taller than nature de¬
creed.
The “golf capo” is worn by hun¬
dreds of women who never saw the
gam*u
Blonds are not in fashion. It is the
girl with “chestnut brown” hair who
reigns.
In Paris, fashionable women wear a
large ribbon bow and streamers on
one arm.
Large silver waist buckles should be
worn if there is wish to keep up with
the procession.
There’s a hospital in Soo Chow,
China,in charge of Dr. Anno Walter, a
Mississippi woman. . w .
Ameer The medical attendant upbn the
of Afghanistan is an English
woman, Miss L. Hamilton.
The average ago at which women
marry in civilized countries is said to
twenty-throe and a half years.
It is said that “Ouida,” tho novel¬
ist, never shakes hands. She declares
it to be tho most vulgar form of salu¬
tation.
Miss Lucy E. Ball, of Brooklyn, is
the only woman acting as a Deputy
Collector of Internal lievenuo in the
cou u try.
The girls of Gilliam County, Ore¬
gon, make considerable pin money
poisoning coyotes and collecting the
bounty on the scalps.
flhney and beauty are tempting
KU.iss Anna Gould is saidtoJ^J*
\tur-;r,| down
, O.I • ju l r
A11 k .
"llllo ! V:
.
. r ^“a;,«r ia.a among crema^
JgPearB PP^itof a New York widow,
in a tiny locket over her
fSeart a jiinch of tho ashes of her hus¬
band.
The first colored woman Io receive
the degree of M. A. in the United
States was Miss Mary Paterson, who
was graduated from Oberlin College,
Ohio, in 1862.
Mrs. Deborah Brown and daughter,
of Toronto, Canada, have arrived at
years of discretion. The mother is
118 years old, and tlio daughter
eighty-four years old.
Mrs. Craigie, who writes short
novels and sharp epigrams over the
name of John Oliver Hobbs, is an
American, though she was educated
in England, and has spent most of her
time there.
There are plenty of inconveniences
about being a Queen. The Kegeut of
Spain, for example, cannot take a walk
with her little royal son, because she
has been warned that if she does there
will be a double assassination.
The fancy stores are aglow with
stock or crush collars, folded girdles,
collarettes and plastrons made of
Scotch plaid bilk, chiffon, ribbon both
plain and fancy, and of cerise, ma¬
genta, olive-green, black and golden
brown velvet.
The “Flower in Art,” will be the
name by which an exhibition shortly
to ne opened in Paris will be called.
It will contain representations of flow¬
ers in needlework, textiles, jsorcelain,
sculpture, and painting, and, as the
title would indicate, will be devoted
entirely to floral art.
The Ameer of Afghanistan has been
under the treatment of Miss L. Hamil¬
ton, M. D., a young Scotchwoman,
who first trained as a nurse in the Liv¬
erpool Infirmary. Phe took hc-r med¬
ical degree in Brussels, and was a prac
tiesng physician in Calcutta until she
went to Cabul a few months ago.
Susan B. Anthony says the reason
why the average woman who tries to
address an audience cannot make her¬
self heard is that she does not know
how to hold herself. “Throw your
shoulders back,” the says, “keep your
head erect and talk just as though you
thought you had something particular
to say to the persons on the last row
of seats.”
An authority upon physical training
says that a woman who wishes to keep
“in condition” should sleep nine hours
out of the twenty-four, bathe in cold
water, exercise five minutes daily with
dumb bells, drink a cap of hot liquid
before breakfast, spend half an hour
every best day in outdoor exercise, make
the of bad bargains and always
keep her temper.
A new effort at woman’s dress re¬
form is being made by the managers
of cotton mills at Saco, Me. Be¬
cause of the accidents that have oc¬
curred through the hair or dress of
operatives being caught in the machin¬
ery it has been ordered that the girls
shall not wear their hair haugiug
down, but must coil it close to tho
head, and the waists and sleeves of
their dresses must be close fitting, tho
latter, of coarse, being opposed to
anything and everything at presen*
■tjrHfth.