Newspaper Page Text
The Law Knocked Oat hi the
Supreme Coart.
THERE WERE TWO OPINIONS
Harlan anti Whitp Denounce the
Majority Opinion as Unjust.
Tno Whole of the Art is Declared
Unoonstl tutional.
There was the u-uul throng of poo
plo about tho supremo court room at
Washington Monday morning, in an¬
ticipation of a final decision of tho in¬
come tax eases, tho chamber being
crowded for quite a time beforo tho
court convened at noon. Those pres¬
ent included many attorneys and a full
representation of the press, as well as
a fair sprinkling of tho members of
congress. Tho justices wero at tho
capitol early and tho consultation be¬
gan promptly ut 10 o’clock, continu¬
ing until a few minutes beforo 12, all
the members of tho court being pres¬
ent, including Justice Jackson, who
appeared at tho court, greatly to tho
surprise of every one, save tho justices.
Tho chief justico immediately bo
gan tho delivery of tho main opinion
in tho case.
THE DECISION OF THE COURT.
Tho conclusions of tho court wero as
“Inf. Wo adhere to the opinion al¬
ready announced that tho taxos on real
estate, being undisputubly direct taxes,
taxes on the rents, or incomo of real
estate, are equally direct taxes.
“2nd. We are of tho opinion that
taxes on personal property, or on tho
income of personal property, aro like¬
wise direct taxes.
“3d. Tho tax imposed by sections
27 to 37, inclusive, of tho act of 1894,
so far ns it falls on tho incomo of real
estate and on personal property being
u direct tax within the meaning of the
omistitution and therefore, uuoonsti
tutional and void, because not appor¬
tioned according to representation,
nil those sections constituting ono en¬
tire scheme of taxation aro necessarily
invalid.
“Tho decrees hereinbefore entered
in this court will bo vacated. Tho de¬
crees below will be reversed, and tho
case remanded with instructions to
grant the relief desired.”
Hoot ion 27 to 37 of the tariff act of
IH'.U, roferred to in tho oonolusions of
i^^uurt in the opinions, are all tho
Uie net relating to the in
lll^Ms<» that the cutiro incomo tax
t lared void specifically.
* fW THR COURT STOOD.
I ft diviilciV RRioVTows f
law—Chief Justice Ful¬
ler, Justices Field, Gray, Brewer and
Hbiras.
For the Jaw—Justices Harlan,
Brown, Jackson and White.
Chief Justice Fuller read tho opin¬
ion of the court.
READ RY THE CHIEF JUSTICE.
The full decision is about live thou¬
sand words in length. It begins as
follows:
Whenever this court is required to
pass upon the validity of an act of con¬
gress as tested by the fundamental law
enacted by the people, tho duty im¬
posed demands in its discharge tho
utmost deliberation and caro.
EXPOUNDING THE CONSTITUTION.
“In considering this question, then,
we must never forget that it is a con
stitution that wo aro expounding. As
heretofore stated, tho constitution di¬
vided federal taxation into two great
classes, those of direct taxes and those
of duties, imposts aud excises, and
prescribed two rules which qualified
the ►'rant of power as to each class.
“The power to lay direct, taxes, ap¬
portioned among the several states iu
proportion to their representation in
tho popular branch of congress, a
representation based ou population as
Bscertained by tlm census, was plenary
nml absolute, but to lay direct taxes
without apportionment was forbidden,
Tbo power to lay duties, imposts nuK
exeisos was subject to the qualification
that tho imposition must be uniform
throughout the United States.
“Our previous decision was confined
to consideration of tho validity of
tho tax on the income from real estato
aud ou the income from municipal
bonds. The question thus limited was
whether such taxation was direct or
not, in the meaning of the constitu
Hon, aud the court went no further as
to the tax on the incomes from reales
fate than to hold that it fell within tho
elass from the source from which the
income was derived; while as to in
come from municipal bonds, that could
not be taxed because of want of power
to tax tho source aud no reference was
made to the nature of the tax as being
dxrect or indirect.
“Wo are now permitted to broaden
tho field of inquiry to determine to
which of the two great classes the tax
belongs, whether derived from rents
or products or otherwise of real estate
or from bonds, taxes, etc., and wo are
unable to conclude that the enforced
subtraction from tho yield of all the
owners of real or personal property,
in the manner prescribed, is so differ¬
ent from a tax upon the property
itself that it is not a direct, but an in¬
direct tax in the meaning of the eon
stitution. Tho words of tho constUu
tiou are to be taken iu their obvious
sense and to have reversable construc¬
tion.
After noting the case of Gibbons vs.
Ogden, the chief justice continued :
“We know of no reason for holding
otherwise than that the words ‘direct
taxes’ on the one hand and ‘duties and
imposts and excises’ on the other were
used in the constitution in their nat¬
ural and obvious senses; nor in arriv¬
ing at what those terms embrace; nor
do we conceive any ground for enlarg¬
ing them beyond or narrowing them
Within their natural and obvious iu»-
port at the time tho constitution was
framed and ratified.
“And passing from the text, we re¬
gard the conclusion reached as inevit¬
able when the circumstances which
surrounded the convention and con¬
trolled its action and the views of
those who framed and those who
adopted the convention are considered.
After quoting the Hylton case, the
chief justice continues:
“The constitution prohibits any di¬
rect tax unless in proportion to num¬ and
bers as ascertained by the census ;
in tho light of the circumstances to
which we have referred, it is not an
evasion of that prohibition to hold
that a general unapportioned tax is a
mistake. Whatever the speculative
views of political economists or reve
nuo reformers may be, can it be pro¬
perly held that the constitution, taken
in its plain and obvious sense and with
due regard to tho circumstances at¬
tending the formation of tho govern¬
ment, authorizes a general unappor
tionized tax on the products of tho
real estato, although merely because
of ownership and with no possible
reason of exemption from payment as
belonging to a totally different class
from that which includes the property
whence tho income proceeds.
“There can bo ono reason: What is
tho constitutional restriction that is to
be placed on tho subject? We find it
impossible to hold that a fundamental
requisition, deemed so important as to
bo enforced by two provisions, ono af¬
firmative and ono negative, can be re¬
fined away by forced distinctions, but
which give value to tho proper affairs;
nor can wo perceive any ground why
tho same reasoning does not apply to
capital in personalty for tho purpose
of ordinarily yielding incomes. All
tho real estate of tho country and all
its invested personalty is personal
Tho chief justice reviows tho action
of several states in regard to the levy¬
ing of taxes directly on individuals
and then proceeds:
« I The statos had plenary powers of
taxation, but gavo up the great sources
of revenue derived from commerce
and retained the power of levying
taxes and duties covering anything
than excises, but in respect to the
rango of taxation was narrowed by tho
power granted to tho foderal govern¬
ment of interstate commerce. While
they granted tho power of apportion¬
ing direct taxation, they secure to the
states the opportunity to pay tho
amount apportioned and to recoup
from their own citizens as tho most
feasible way. Tho constitution is cor
rect, but ordained unaffirmatively by
tho representatives of its formation.”
“Tho stress of the argument is
thrown, however, on tho assertion that
an income tax is not a property tax at
all; that it is not areal estato tax or a
body tax, that it is an assessment on
account of the money-spending power
of a man as shown by his revenue for
the year preceding tho assessment;
that rents, roceipts, crops harvested,
interest collected, have lost all con
nection with their origin and although
once not taxable have become tranfu
mitted subject in matter, their new of tljg form intoA^gfl
which it is derived
The
that tho ioU
could not 11 BO VUi_ r
wore instruments of the state.'*”The
same rule applies to revenues from
other sources not subject to the tax.
If it were the fact that thero had been
no income tax law, such as this, at the
time the constitution was framed and
adopted, it would not bo of controlling
importance. A direct tax cannot bo
taken out of the constitutional rule
because they are direct and did not
exist at tho timo of tho prescription of
the rulo. It is necessary to go further
and to say that., had this particular
case been suggested, tho language
would have been so varied as to ex
exclude it or it would have been mado
a special exception. The case being
within tho words of the rule must bo
within its operations likewise,
“Being a direct tax, therefore to be
laid by apportionment, is there any
real difficulty in doing so? Cannot
congress, if the necessity exists, of
raising thirty, forty or auy number of
million dollars, for the support of the
government in addition to the revenue
from duties, imposts or excises, ap¬
portion the duty of each state upon
the basis of census, and thus advise it
of the payment which must be made
and proceed to assess it? Iu tho dis
position of the inquiry whether a gen
eral unapportioned tax upon the real
and personal property can bo eustain
od under tho constitution, it is appa
rent that tho suggestion that the re
suit of compliance with the funda¬
mental law conld be left to the aban¬
donment of that method, because of
inequalities alleged to necessarily ac¬
company its pursuit, could not be al¬
lowed to influence the conclusion of
the original design.”
The decision was rendered over the
i protests of the fonr ablest men on the
I bench, viz., Justices Harlan, of Iven
, tncky; White, of Louisiana; Brown,
of Michigan, and Jackson, of Tennes
sce - their dissenting opinions they
used words of denunciation, the like
of which had never before been heard
i Horn the supreme bench,
j Harlan and White declared that the
decision was as unjust as it wa 3 un
warrantable, and that it made a new
co “ ptlt " tion which wonld protect the
rich at the ^pense of the poor and
8Weli tbo of dl83 °ntent in this
f? Un * ry „ °! h gravely
; ' at
, y ^volutions. tba , \ tbe decision Justice Jackson pnb
was a
* 10 disaster which assumed the magni¬
tude of a national calamity.
GETTING READY TO REFUND.
Internal Revenne Commisssoner
Miller has telegraphed all collectors of
internal revenue to forward at once to
his office the total results of the in¬
come tax collections.
The internal revenne laws give the
commissioner specific authority to re
turn all monies illegally or wrongfully
collected by him and there seems to
be no donbt that this authority covers
the income taxes.
The LaGuscogne Arrives.
The overdue French steamer La
Gascogne arrived at New York
Wednesday, three and a half days
overdue. She met with exactly the
same accident that caused her a ten
day detention in mid-ocean last Feb¬
ruary.
CAPITAL GOSSIP.
OF NEWS PICKED UP AT
THE NATIONAL CAPITAL.
and Doings of the Official
Heads of the Government.
The syndicate paid Into the treasury
$900,000 in gold, swelling
total gold reserve to $98,127,000.
The president has signed an order
that Admiral Meade be re¬
tired, accompanying it with a severe
Senor V. Z. Dominiguez has pre¬
sented to the state department his cre¬
as charge d’affaires and minis¬
ter ad interim for the Argentine re¬
public.
The navy department has decided to
courtmartial Lieutenant Edward L.
Dome, ordinance officer, and Lieuten¬
ant Wilson W. Buchanan, of the crui¬
ser Olympia, for neglect of duty lead¬
ing to the death of a gunner on board
that vessel on the Pacific coast.
The retirement of Rear Admiral
Meade promotes Commodore Lester
A. Beardsleo to be rear admiral. Cap¬
tain John A. Howell to be commodore,
Commander Nicoll Ludlow to be cap¬
tain, Lieutenant Commander Chap¬
man C. Todd to be commander, Lieu¬
tenant Gottfried Blockinger to be
lieutenant commander, Lieutenant Ju¬
nior Grade Lfiroy M. Garrett to be
lieutenant, Ensign Wilfred B. Hog
gatt to be lieutonant junior grade.
Senator Palmer, of Illinois, called
on the president Wednesday and told
him about the silver situation in that
state. Senator Palmer jokingly re¬
sponded to tho question os to whether
tho silver movement In Illinois had
been arrested, by saying that warrants
wero out for the movement but the
officers having the warrants had b-en
unable to come up with it yet. The
senator says that, so far as the demo¬
cratic convention called to meet in
June is concerned, it is a foregone
conclusion that a free silver plank will
be adopted.
The official service of Lorin M.
Thurston, as Hawaiian minister to the
United States, closed Tuesday, when
Mr. Frank P. Hastings presented to
the state department his credentials,
which had just been received as charge
d’affaires. The official mail from Hon¬
olulu arrived during the morning, and
soon afterwards Mr. Hastings went to
tho stato department. It was the first
mail from Hawaii since the recent
press reports from San Francisco, giv¬
ing an unofficial outline of tho pur¬
port of the Hawaiian government in
replacing Mr. Thurston with Mr. Hast¬
ings.
Ste unship Mall Contracts.
A number of sensational reports
havo been circulated rocently in re¬
gard to tho subsidy to the American
line steamships for carrying the mails
Jxetw'cen New York and Europe. It
ffi&psserted | that the postmaster gen
.ad determined to break tho con
Hhiade with the company by Post
«per General Wannamaker, on the
■fund that he had exceeded his pow
l^rs in making tho '.greement read per
statute mxltT instead of per marine
mile. The contract goes into effect
next October. It may be authorita¬
tively stated that the rumors are in¬
correct, and that, whatever may be
done in the future, the matter has not
boon even discussed.
Tho postmaster general has not been
in office long enough to have caught
up with current duties and has not an¬
ticipated his work as far as October
next. He lias not made or authorized
any statement as to subsidy contracts
for the best of reasons, that ho lias not
yet taken up the matter. Speaking of
the matter, Second Assistant Postmas¬
ter General Neilson said: “The mat¬
ter has not yet been discussed at all.
Tho rumors are utterly false and rid¬
iculous.”
The work in connection with the
annual letting of contracts at the New
York warehouse for furnishing supplies
for the Indian servico began Tuesday.
The heaviest single contract will be
fqr sugar and clothing, and notions
generally will make up the remainder
of the supplies. It will probably re¬
quire three weeks to complete the
work. Commissioner of Indian Af¬
fairs Browning will supervise the work
and a force of clerks will be sent from
the Indian department.
Was a Costly Experiment.
The experiment of reviving the in¬
come tax has been rather a costly one
to the United States treasury. Up to
date the cost of preparing for the en¬
forcement of the law now declared un¬
constitutional by the supreme court
aggregates $100,000. All the printing
done in preparing blank forms of re¬
turns is, of course, a dead loss. There
wore appointed 240 deputy collectors
of internal revenne for the especial
purpose of handling this tax, all of
whom will now be gradually dismissed.
At some of the large offices a few
special deputies may be kept for a
short time to assist in closing tip the
work of refunding the money already
paid in. Up to May 1, the amount
paid in was:
By corporations, $16,642; by per¬
sons, $56,521. Since that date about
$7,000 have been received, making the
total in round figures $S0,000. This
money will be refunded under section
3220, Revised Statutes, upon applica¬
tion being made to the commissioner
of internal revenue through the col¬
lector to whom tho last returns was
originally made. One application has
already been filed for a retnrn of the
tax paid in. It was made by ex-Sena
tor CamdeD, of West Virginia, who
filed it five minutes after Chief Justice
Fuller announced the decision of the
court.
Commissioner Miller says that un¬
der the income tax law as it passed
congress $40,000,000 would have been
received and in the shape in which the
first decision left it about $16,000,000
wonld have been realized. To havo
collected this wonld have cost about
3130,000 or lees than one per cent, of
tho aruonnt collected. The records
already filed by persons and corpora¬
tions in the office of the commissioner
of internal revenne, showing the items
of income liable to taxation, will be
retained inviolate in the office. They
cannot be returned to the original
pereonB making them, as they have
now become official papers of the office
and their destruction f
or retnrn can
only be authorized by act of congress. i
Internal Revenue Commissioner Mill¬
er ha3 sent the following telegram to
all collectors of internal revenae:
“Income tax law declared unconstitu¬
tional by supreme oourt. Stop all
send work to in this connection therewith, under seal and j
office at once
all books, assessment lists, returns and
records in your office or hands of dep¬
uties relating to income tax.”
DEBATING finance.
The Author of “Coin” Pitted Against
Prosessor Laughlin.
The much talked-of discussion on
the silver qnestion between Professor
J. L. Laughlin, of the University of
Chicago, and W. H. Harvey, author of
“Coin’s Financial School,” took place
last Friday night at the Iiliuois club,
in Chicago. The assembly room was
crowded and many more were turned
away. The audience was composed of
merchants, bankers and professional
men. Tho wording of the question
debated was:
“Resolved, That the United States
should at onco enter upon the free
coinage of silver at the ratio of 1G to
1 independently of the action of any
other *
nation.”
The speakers were limited to one
honr for their main address. Mr. Har¬
vey opened in the affirmative. lie was
allowed thirty minutes to close. Har¬
vey’s argument was substantially as
follows:
“The first reason why I am in favor
of independent action by this country
is that we should not be subjected to
the influences of the governments of
Europe. ‘We admit bimetallism would
be good if wo could get international
bimetallism.’ In other wodrs, 1hov
agree that there is something radically
wrong, but claim that we are tied
to the financil policy of Europe.
They say, ‘Wo must have the snmo
money that they have in order to carry
on business with them.’ My reply is,
the biggest business we ever did carry
on with the rest of tho world was
when they had gold and silver as
money and we had neither. We do
not settle our balances with Europe in
coin except on its commercial value
and weight. There is no such thing
as an international money. Silver is
not a commodity to be measured in
gold. It is an object to be gored and
kicked by bulls and bears. It is
shut out of the United States mints.
It is token money. We would restore
it to that unlimited demand it enjoyed
prior to 1873. That would cause the
valuo of silver to rise compared with
gold. This is what we want.
“The bank of the Rothschilds in
En j o^and is now behind the United
Tftal S^teg^oasury. They are our finan
agenVUsand managers. Wo are
paying them the princely salary of
$8,000,000 for each six months of their
valuable services. We are ifgqy in the
hands of the pawnbrokers of Europe.
Thero is only one way to replenish our
reserve stock of gold. That is to bor¬
row it from those who have it. That
means England. That is what we are
doing. This is what having a gold
standard means. It is a money that is
easily concerned. How are we to pay
our debts to England? Restore sil¬
ver, the price of all our products
■will advance and the balance of trade
with England will double in our fa¬
vor.”
“We would again make the standard
silver dollar the unit of value as it was
before 1873. No man would take less
for it when he could have it coined at
pleasure into a dollar. Silver is the
people’s money. Gold was, and is the
money of the rich.
“We would repeal the law of 1878
and the Sherman law of 1890 author¬
izing contracts to be taken payable in
gold only. A true knowledge of bi¬
metallism and tho simplicity of that
system decided our ancestors. The
alternate use of silver with gold, which
is true bimetallism, would give an elas¬
ticity to our primary money which is
now absent. We would give the debtor
the option of paying in either metal.
Now the creditor demands the dearer
metal. Let us have nothing more to
do with Mr. Cleveland, Mr. Sherman
and such men who have assisted to tie
the hands of this groat nation and de¬
liver its financial policy to the gold
gamblers of the world.
Professor Laughlin’s Argument.
Professor Laughlin began his argu¬
ment by declaring that Mr. Harvey
had not touched on the question under
discussion. He denied Mr. Harvey’s
statistics and his statements as to the
parity of gold and silver in 1873. “The
falling of prices since 1873,” he said,
“is not due to a lack of money. There
is no reason why there should be more
money. It is a fact that wages have
risen in gold since 1873, and the pur¬
chasing power of the wage earner has
doubled. Pass a law for silver and
gold would be hoarded quicker than
a flash. Free coinage would be le¬
galized fraud. It would give the
sanction of the government to cheat¬
ing and approve the plan of Mexi
canizing our finances. Free coinage
would cut off the workman’s share by
a rise of prices, until by strikes he had
forced his wages up proportionately
and would add to social unrest and
disorder. "We cannot believe that a
special interest, led by millionaires,
will go on unchecked in their plan of
sacrificing the taxpayers in order to
heap up purchasers of silver, especially
when this is done on the most falla¬
cious of economic grounds. The pro¬
posal for free coinage is greenbackism,
galvanized into life. Under the cry
tor more money are the plans of syn¬
dicates and mine owners and specula¬
tors, who have hoodwinked the people
in certain parts of the country.”
ARE MARTI AND GOMEZ DEAD?
The Cubans Relieve the Report of
Their Death a Fake.
A special to the Jacksonville Times -
Union from Tampa, Fla., says: “An
official telegram was received by the
Spanish consul Wednesday afternoon
saying: ‘The news of Marti’s death is
confirmed.’
“The leaders of the Cuban revolu¬
tionary movement at Jacksonville state
they do not believe the report that
Marti has been killed. They say sev
eral times news has been sent out by
Spanish authorities that Caban leaders
were killed and afterwards these same
leaders wonld turn up all right.
IT i« better to be unpopular for the
fight than rec«iyi applau*© for wrong,
CARLISLE SPEAKS.
DECLARES AGAINST SILVER AS
PRIMARY MONEY.
lie is Given a Grand Ovation at Cov¬
ington, Ky.
Secretary Carlisle received an ova¬
tion at Covington, Ivy., Monday night
unparalleled in the history of politics
in that section of Kentucky. It was a
magnificent tribute to the high esteem
in which ho is held by political frieuds
and foes alike. Of the 3,000 who jam¬
med themselves into a space hardly
large enough for two-thirds that many,
were men of all parties, classes and
conditions. Women were there,too,not¬
withstanding the fact that it was urged
that they stay away and let the voters
hear the distinguished speaker. Packed
in almost as tightly were many thousand
more who could not get beyond tho
gates of Central Garden, all prepared
to give the secretary tho most enthusi¬
astic reception he had ever received at
the hands of those who have heard of
him so often.
When ho appeared at the garden
there was wild cheering and a goneral
din. It, however, was more enthusi¬
astic than that given him at the homo
of his friend, Mr. Queen, a few months
before.
The parade of thousands from Cov¬
ington, Newport and the suburban vil¬
lages stretching up the river, aug¬
mented by 800 from Cincinnati, with
bands and horns, passing in review be¬
fore him.
The secretary was vociferously cheer¬
ed throughout his speech against the
free eoinago of silver. His elaborate
and eloquent argument was listened to
attentively, and at its conclusion the
secretary was again cheered most
heartily.
After a brief reference to his ab¬
sence from the state, Mr. Carlisle be¬
gan his address as follows:
“It may not add to tho foroe of my
arguments or the weight of advico to
assure you that I am not, and do not
expect to become, a candidate for any
office in tho gift of the people or their
representatives, and that I do not ap¬
pear in tho stato in the interest of any
candidate. My interest in the solu¬
tion of the questions now pending is
precisely the same as that of any
other American citizen who pe
sires to to see his country
prosperous and happy, and while
my views as to the policy which will
most certainly produce these results
may be entirely erroneous, they are
honestly entertained and will be frank¬
ly stated. It can make no difference
to me, personally or politically,
whether they are popular or unpopu¬
lar, here or elsewhere, although it is
always more agreeable to be in accord
with the prevailing public sentiment
than to be in opposition to it. My
respect, however, for the intelligence
and patriotism of the American people
constrains me to bolieve that no mat¬
ter what their preconceived opin¬
ions may be upon any question, they
will not refuse to give it a full and fair
investigation or fail to reach a just
conclusion when both sides bh— 1 -
heard. Therefor', I shall sm ll
this evening with full confiuS
whatever may be your present opinions
on the subject to be discussed, you are
willing to re-examine the grounds up¬
on which they have been formed and
change them if they are found to be
The secretary’s speech was a lengthly
one. In it he declared against silver as
primary money. He entered into a
definition of Mr. Cleveland’s policy;
stated that free eoinago expansion
would cause contraction of the curren¬
cy, but admitted that prices would in¬
crease. At some length the secretary
explained his own record on tho silver
question.
HARRISON ON THE DECISION.
His Opinion Regarding the Finding of
the Court on the Income Tax.
Ex-President Harrison, in an inter¬
view upon the income tax, says: “I
have not had time to regard the dis¬
patches carefully, but I am convinced
that the general effect of the decision
will be good. I mean by that state¬
ment that it will be better for the
country at largo than the law as it
stood after the last action of the su¬
preme coxirt—for it could not be worse
under auy finding.
“I am inclined to think that it will
convince the people that they can ex¬
pect some recognition in tho adminis¬
tration of the affairs of the country.
When tho supreme court handed down
an opinion some time ago, the law was
in a badly mangled condition. No
more unjust, pernicious, unequal and
unfair measure could have been ad¬
duced by studied application than
was the income tax law as it
stood under the recent ruling of
the supreme court, It lifted the
burden from the shoulders of
the bondholders and coupon clippers
and placed it upon the toilers and the
workers of the nation. It might have
been just as fair for the government to
have said to its revenue officers that
they should go out and sandbag every
third man they met and take his money
from him. Even that would have been
a more just and equitable measure than
the law as it Btood, for then each citi¬
zen would have a chance of escaping
from the assault by not being the
third man.”
SOLID FOR SILVER
Is the Democratic Executive Com¬
mittee of North Carolina.
The North Carolina state democratic
executive committee met at Raleigh
Monday night a-nd its discussion was
so spirited that its session did not end
until 1:30 o’clock Tuesday morning.
Resolutions were adopted by a vote
of 29 to 1 emphasizing on behalf of
the party its declaration in its state
convention last year in favor of the
free and unlimited coinage of silver at
the ratio of 16 to 1; that the pressing
events prove the wisdom of this decla¬
ration ; that the great wrong done by
demonetization must be undone; that
immediate resumption of free coinage
without awaiting one moment for the
co-operation of any nation is the great
duty now confronting tho American
people.
TALBOTT & SONS’CO.
ELLIS M. TOLBOTT, Manager.
ENGINES, BOILEES, SAW MILLS, COEN MILLS,
Machinery* A
Rope Feeds
For Saw Mills,
Shingles and
Lath Machines,
Steam Pumps,
Wood Working Machinery of all kinds. Complete outfits for all kinds of wood wiwft-,
COTTON SUED OIL MACHINERY'
Increased facilities amt complete stock Machinery at our new three-story warehouse.
Cherry street, between 4th and 5th streets. Contracts made for complete mills
equipped with latest improved machinery. Lowest rates ot insurance, best results,
east cost of operation. Eagle cotton gins. Boss cotton press, Thomas direct steam
press.
TALBOTT & SONS’ CO., •A
MACON, GEORGIA
A Tailor Fit.. I • « i
We have the Largest and Best Selected Stock of Clothing in At
lanta—made especially to our order by the manufacturers.......
We Guarantee a Tailor Fit for All Shapes. When Suils are ordered by mail wo
(xIYK THE BEST VALUES for the money enclosed, and try to PLEASE our
PATltONS better than they could please themselves by a personal selection......
WE HANDLE NO SHODDY GOODS.
AND HAVE BUT ONE PRICE! We WANT Out-of-town
Trade and the only way to keep it is to.......................................
DEAL HONESTLY
WITH CUSTOMERS.
If you want anything in the way of Clothing, Hats and Gent’s Furnishing Goods,,
give us a chance at you. We also run a Big House in Macon. Order From Either
Place. Address.................................................................................................
2 &L
si
..
ATLANTA, GEORGIA, OR MACON, GEORGIA.
a
PRICKLY ASH, poke root
AND POTASSIUM
Wakes_
n Blood Poison
Rheumatism
and Scrofula
F. P. P. purifies the blood, buIMs up
haDpfncss A. where atekness gloomy
laaaltudo
iTJ!°& 1 lSL"Si«,' , S!KSas Slit
blotches, tetter, pimples, old bolls, chronic ulcers,
scald head, erysipelas,
eczema—vro may soy, without fear of
contradiction, that P. P. P. Is the best
blood purifier in the world, and mokes
positive, lnall speedy and permanent cures
cases.
r nd whose blood an I ‘mpu re com ft
nr^peeiHia'rly'bcmofltod^by^Sio 1 ^ w*on
ert/es P°P D b -Sr'ekly n Asl? Po£
gor of 0 f P Po^u P PrlCkly Aah *
a n d m
4o"SaklA the 'fcdglfesV personal terms^of
your m odicino from my own
Iinowle idge. I was affected with heart
disease, pleurisy and rheumatism for
85 years, was treated by tho vary best
physicians ana spent hundreds of dol¬
lars, finding tried every relief. known I havo remedy only taken with¬
out and
one bottle of your P. P. P., can
cheerfully say It has done mo more
good than any thine: I havo evor taken.
I can recommend your medicine to all
sufferers of the above diseases.
Bprlngfi^ldforeou County
Schofield’s Iron Works 1
IvC^nvxfe^cVLLrera cxxxd. 7 cToloor* ©i
Sin Elites, Boilers, SAW MILLS, dll Pm
General Machinery and ail kinds Castings.
-Sole Owner and Manufacturers of
Schofield’s Famous COTTON PRESS!
-To Paok by Hand, Horae, Water or Steam
B1AS3 GOODS, PIPE FITTINGSJ.UBRI0AT0RS, BELTING, PACKING, SAWS,ETC
—-General Agent for
PMC 0 CX INSPIRATORS AND GULLETTS MAGNOLIA'COTTQN Gill.
J. S. SCHOFIELD & SON,
MACON. GEORGIA,
0. P. & B. E. Willingham,
MANUFACTURERS OF AND DEALERS IN
SASH, DOORS, BLINDS, MOULDINGS,
Mantels, Paints, Oil, Lime, Cement,
REEDED, TURNED AND SCROLL WORK,
—.—AND
BUILDERS’ HARDWARE,
MACON, GA.
Write us for Prices before you buy. Estimates cheerfully (given
fWlESi BLOTCHES
UNO OLD SORES
CATARRH, MALARIA,
KIDNEY TROUBLES
ri DYSPEP
purraKf
Ab'bwdwet*, O.. Jnly 21,1891. Bavannall.
KD.'jftr.o I.ippman Bros., of
CJa. : Pi!AK Sms—X bought a bottle
your P. P P. at Hot Springs. Ark. .and
It has (lone mo more good than thr
Jtoon!h3’ treat ment at the Hot Springs.
Pend throo bottles C. O. L>.
Aberdeen, Crown County, O*
C apt. 3. O. Soimaton.
Jsa#SMsuasrsiaB of 1*. for eruptions of the skin. I
P. P
“<w»4w J
SIsiEi CtBSeer Cured*
Testimony fromlha Mayor of Sequin,Ter,
Sequin, Tex., January IX, Savannah, 1893.
Mesbhs. Lippman Rhoh. ,
Ga.: Gentlemen— I havo tried your P.
Slf li?
?nTpro&‘any “p^adlnK^of°SS
troaotoj. M j>TrqT
^ A
Attornov Attorney at at Daw L.aw.
Book on biodiI Diseases mm Free.
ALL PliuGGIBTB BELL IT.
LIPPMAN BROS.
____„„„„ PROPRIETORS,
tlppmaa's fiioeik,Saysnnah, <3a