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The GalnesvlHo Bftgle.
Published Kvery Friday Morning
GARRY W. STYITesT,
Kriitor and Proprietor.
Terms—Two Dollars a Year, in Advance.
—OFFICE
Up-stairs in Candler Hall Building,
Northwest Coiner o f Public rquire.
j tar The Official Organ of Hall, Banka, White,
Towns, Union and Dawson counties, and the city of
Gainesville. Hcs a large general circula'ton In twelve
other counties in Northeast Georgia, and two coun
ties in Western North Carolina.
Kutes of* Advertising.
One dol'ar por square for flrt insertion, and flfty
cents for each subsequent insertion.
Marriage notices and obituaries exceeding six lines
will be charged for as advertisements.
Personal or abusive communications will not be
i usertud at any price.
Communications of general or local interest, under
a genuine signature respectfully solicited from any
source.
flutes of Legal Advertising.
Hhedif’s sales for each levy often linos or less $2 60
Bach subsequent ten lines or leas - . 260
Mortgage Sales (60 days) per square - • 500
Bioli HU Imoquent ten lines or less - 600
Adm’r’s, Kx'r’s or Guard’n’s sales, (todays) pr sq 5 00
Notice to debtors and creditors - - 5 00
Citat’s for let’rs of adm’n or guard’na'p (t wka) tOO
Leave to sell real estate - . 6 00
Let’rs of dism'n of adm'n or guard'n (8 mo.) 6 00
Estray notices - - . . . . -8 00
Citations (unrepresented estates) • - 4 00
llule nisi in divorce cases - - >6 00
tff Fractiont u/a square (or inch) are charged in all
e airs as full, squares or inches. “Bg
Notices of Ordinaries calling attention of adminis
trators, execators and guardians to making their an
nual returns; and of Sheriffs in regard to provlaiois
sections 364'J, of the Code, JMntnzsHKD raise for the
Sheriffs aud ordinaries who patronize the Kacms.
Advertisers who desire a specified space for 8, 6 or
12 months will receive a liberal deduction from our
regular rates.
iter All bills due after first insertion, unless special
oontract to the contrary be made. ■ ,
GENERAL DIRECTORY.
lion. George l). Rico, Judge 8. C. Western Circuit.
A. L. Mitchell, Solicitor, Athens, G.
COUNTY OFFICERS.
J. B. M. Wluburn, Ordiuary.
John L. Gaines, Sheriff.
J. F. Duckett, Deputy Sheriff.
J. J. Mayue, Clerk Superior Court.
N. B. Clark, Tax Collector.
J. K. H. Luck, Tax Receiver.
Gideon Harrison, Surveyor.
Edward Lowry, Coroner.
R. C. Young, Treasurer .
CHURCH DIRECTORY.
PitKHiiYTKitiAN Church—Rev. T. P. Cleveland. Pas
tor. Preaching every Sabbath morning and night,
except the second Sabbath. 8u day School at 9a. m.
Prayer meeting Wednesday evening at 4 o’clock.
Methodist Cbubch Rev. D. D. Cox, Pastor.
Preaching every Sunday morning and night. Sunday
School at 9a. m. Prayer meeting Wednesday night.
Baptist Chough Rev. W. C. Wilkes, Pastor.
Preaching Sunday morning. Sunday School at 9 a.
m. Prayer meeting Thursday evening at 4 o’clock.
YOUNG MEN’S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION.
A. M. Jackson, President.
R. C. Maddox, Vice President.
W. B. Clements, Secretary.
Regular services every Sabbath evening at one of
the Churches. Cottage prayer meeting'' every Tues
day night in ’’Old Town,” and Friday night near the
depot.
FRATERNAL RECORD.
Floweby Bbanch Lodge No. 79, I. O. O. TANARUS., meets
every Monday night, Joel Laseteb, N. G.
B. F. Stedham, Sec.
Almsman v Royal A acn Chapter meets on tlie Sec
ond ami Fourth Tuesday evenings in eaoh month,
W. M. Puckett, Sec’y. A. W. Caldwell, H. P.
Gainesville Lodok, No. 219. A.’. F.\ M.\, meets
on the First and Third Tuesday evening in the month
It. Palmoub, Sec’y. It. E Gbkkn, W. M.
Air-Line Lodoe, No. 04, I. O. O. F., meets every
Friday evening.
C. A. Lilly, Sec. W. H. Harrison, N. G.
MpRNi.NO star Lodge, No. 813, I. O. G.T., meets ev
ery Thursday evening.
Claud Estes, W. 3. J. P. Caldwell, W. C. T.
tforth-Kasteru Star Lodge, No. 386 I. O. G. TANARUS.,
moots every Ist and 3d Saturday ovenings, at Antioch
Church. F. S. Hudson, W. 0. T.
H. W. Rhodes, Secretary.
GAINESVILLE POST OFFICE.
Owing to recent change of schedule on the Atlanta
and Charlotte Air Line Railroad, the following will
be the schedule from date:
Mail from Atlanta [fast] 6.24 p. m.
Mall for Atlanta [fast] 5.4:1 a. m.
Office hours: From 7 a. m. to 12 m., and from
IX p. m. to 7 p. m.
General delivery open on Sundays from B>£ to 9g.
Departure of mails from tbil office:
Dahlonega and Gilmer county, dally B lf r. m
Dahlonega, via Wahoo amt Ethel, Saturday a. m
Jefferson At Jackßon county, Tuesday, Thurs
day and Saturday 7 a. m
Cleveland, White, Union, Towns and Hayes
ville N. c Tqgr.day. •’.nffiFridays 7 a. m
Dawsohvffie and Dawson county, Saturday 8 a. in
Homer, Banks county, Saturday 1 p. m
Pleasant Grove, Forsyth county, Saturday .. .1 p. m
M. R. ARCHER, P.M.
Professional and Business Cards.
“land warrants,
College Kami Scrip,
Ami Revolutionary Scrip,
Bought and Bold on commission, by
M. W. RIDEN,
United Slates Claim Agent.
N. B. Parties holding Warrants as Admin
istrator, Executor, Guardian, etc., will be
fully advised how to proceed with them by
writing to me. M. W. liIDEN.
june'22-tf
J. L. PEERS A. A. CAMPBELL
PEERS & CAMPBELL,
COMMISSION MERCHANTS
Nos. 7 and 13 Marietta Street,
Atlanta, Ga.
References—Win. R. J. Lowry, J. R. Wiley, J. C.
Carter, Stephens k, Flynn. apr27-Sm
A. ,T. SIIAFFKH, M D.,
Physician ami Surgeon.
yj* Sjicciiil At tent lot. Given to Di.enac*
Common to Women. “©9
Otlice near Northeast corner Public Square.
Always in office whon not professionally
engaged.
Gainesville, Ga., May 25, 1877. ly
MARKHAM HOUSE.
BY .J. E. OWENS,
At the East End of the Union Depot,
Atlanta. G-a.
Attention by W. D. WILEY and T. A. HAMMOND.
mayll-H *
A. C. MOSS,
Attorney at Law,
Homer, Banks County, Georgia.
YTTILL ATTEND PROMPTLY to all busi
ness intrusted to his care. mar9-ly
MAItLEIt & PERRY.
Attorneys at law. Gainesville , ga,
Office In the Court House. One or the other of
the firm always present. Will practice in Hall and
adjoining counties. aug'2s-ly
I) It . It. B . A DAI It,
DENTIST,
Griiinesville, Ga.
janlf ly
MARSHAK L. SMITH, ~
Attornry and counsellor at law.
Dawsonville, Vaivson county, Ga.
jaul4-tf
,1 OH N B. ESTES,
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW, Gainesville, Hall county.
Georgia. ,
( . J. WELLBORN,
ATTORNEY-AT-LAW, lilairsville, Union county,
Georgia.
S AMI LL ( . DUNLAP,
ATTORNEY AT LAW, Gainesville, Ga.
Office in the Candler building, in the room
occupied by the Eagle in 1875. aprstf.
VVIEIt BOYD,
ATTORNEY AT LAW, Dahlonega, Ga.
1 will Practice in tho counties of Lumpkin,
Dawson. Gilmer, Fannin, Union and Towns counties
n the Blue Ridge Circuit; and Hall, White and
Rabun in the Western Circuit.
May 1,187 f-tf.
31. VV. RIDEN,
ATTORNEY AT LAW, Gainesville, Georgia.
Jail. 1, 1876-ly
J. J. TURNBULL,
ATTORNEY AT LAW, Homer. Ga —Will practice
in all the eouuties composing the Western Cir
ouit. Prompt attention given to all claims entrusted
to his care.
Jan. 1,1876-ly.
JAMES A. BUTT,
ATTORN EY AT LAW A LAND AGENT, BlairtviUe
Ga. Prompt attention given to all badness
entrusted to his care. June a, U7l-M
The Gainesville Eagle
1 >i’voli'd to Dolitlcs, TSews of tlie Day, The Farm Interests, Home Matters, and Olioioe Miscellany.
VOL XI
Facts for the People.
It is an undeniable fact that no article was ever
placed before the public with so much undis
puted evidence of its great medical value, as the
YEC^ETINE.
For every complaint for which Vegetink is
recommended, many testimonials of what it has
done is furnished to the public at large, and no
one should fail to observe that nearly all of the
testimonials are from people right at home,
where the VKUKTINE is prepared, and as the
streets and numbers are given, there can be no
possible doubt about the matter.
Boston, Dec. 17,1872.
H. It. Stevens, Esq.: Dear Sir—May I ask the
favor of you to make my case public'/
In 1861, while on picket duty in the army, I
was taken with a lit, which lasted all night.
Was taken into camp and dosed with whiskey
and quinine. After this had Jits every day, and
was taken to Newborn Hospital, and there
treated by the attending physicians. I grew
worse and was sent home. Remained in poor
health for four years, trebling with many physi
cians and trying many remedies. Finally Scrof
ula made its appearance on different parts of
my body, and my head was so diseased as to he
frightful to look at, and painful; beyond endur
ance. After trying the most eminent physicians,
without improvement, a change of climate was
advised.
Have been to the Hot Springs in Arkansas
twice, each time giving tlieir treatment a
thorough trial. Finally came hack to Boston
discouraged, with no hope of help. Life was a
burden to one in my situation. My disease, and
tlie effect of so much powerful medicine, had so
damaged my system that tlie action of my stom
ach was apparently destroyed, and my head was
covered witli ulcers which had in places eaten
into the skull hone.
The best physicians said my blood was so full
of poison they could do no more for me. About
this time a friend who had been an invalid told
me Vegetink. had restored him to perfect health
and through his persuasion 1 commenced taking
Vegetink. At tins time I was having tits al
most every day. 1 noticed tlie first good effects
of Vegetink in my digestive organs. My food
sat better and my stomach grew stronger. I
began to feel encouraged, for I could see my
lioalih slowly and gradually improving. With
renewed lio|e I continued taking the Vjsgk
rixh, until it had completely driven disease, out
ot my body. It cured the tits , gave me good,
pure blood, and restored me to perfect health
which 1 had not enjoyed before for tei* years!
Hundreds of people n* tlie city of Boston can
vouch tor the above facts.
Vkgetink has saved my life, and you are at
liberty to make such use of this statement as
pleases you best, and I beg of you to make it
known that other sufferers may find relief with
less trouble and expense than J did.
It will afford me great pleasure to show the
marks of my disea: e or give any further inf or*
rnation relative to my case to all who desire it.
1 am, sir, very gratefully, JOHN PECK,
No. 50 Sawyer street, Boston, Mass.
Twenty-Seven Years Ago.
H. U. Stevens, Esq.: Dear Sir—This is to cer
tify that my daughter was taken sick wlieii she
was three years lild, ami got so low that we were
obliged to keep her on a pillow, without moving
to keep the little thing together. She was at
tended by several physicians the regular at
tending one being old Dr. John Stevens. Tliev
all pronounced her ease incurable. She liad
been sick about a year, when hearing of the great
Blood Remedy, A egetine, I commenced giving
her that, and continued it regularly till slie was
about seven years old, when she was pronounced
perfectly cured. During her sickness three
pieces of hone were taken from her right arm
above the elbow, one of them being very long
Several small pieces were also taken from her
left leg. She is now twenty-seven years old, and
is enjoying good health, and lias ever since slie
was seven years old, with no signs of Scrofula
or any other blood disease. Her arm is a little
crooked, hut she can use it almost as well as tlie
other. Her legs are of equal length, and sho is
not in the least lame. Her case was Scrofula,
inhented in tlie blood; and 1 would recommend
all those having Scrofula Humor or any other
blood disease, if they wish to have a perfect
Cure, to try Vegetink, the reliable blood rem
oily, which docs not weaken tlie system like
many other preparations recommended, but, on
the contrary, it is nourishing and strengthening.
My daughter’s case will fully testify this, for I
never saw nor heard of a worse form of Scrofula.
HULDA SMITH,
1J Monument street, Charlestown, Mass.
MUS - SARAH M. JONES,
‘Vpril !0 rß7o lllVail StTeet * Charlestown, Mass.
above statement shows a perfect cure of
ocroiula in its worst form, when pronounced
Incurable, of a child four years of age, twenty
three years ago. The lady, pow twenty
year* old, oifcjoying perfect nealth.
VEQ-ETINE is Sold by all Druggists.
,TUTrS_PILLS
I A Noted Divine says
They are worth their
weight in golds
READ WHAT HE SAYS:
Dr. Tutt: —Dear Sir: For tun years I have been
a martyr to Dyspepsia, Constipation, and Piles. Last
soring your pills were recommended to me ; I used
tnem (but with little tuith). lam now a well man,
have good appetite, digestion perfect, regular stools,
piles gone, and I have gained forty pounds solid flesh.
They are worth their weight in gold.
Rev. R. L. SIMPSON, Louisville, Ky.
tutps pills
medicine thirty years, and
CURE BICK HEAD- for a longtimewasdemon.
strator of anatomy in the
TIITTIA mi 1 Medical College of Geor-
TUTT’S PILLS
CURE DYSPEPSIA. tee that they are prepared
■■■■■ mi. 11 on scientific principles,
TUTT’S PILLS Sck r er e y!' reefrom ; 11
He has sncceeded in
OURS CONSTIPATION ( . Oln |, inins j,, them the
__ heretofore antagonistic
TUTT’S PiLLS
CURE PILES. Hying tome.
TIITT!0 D3I I O fcct is to increase the ap
lUI I I ILLw polite by causing the food
to properly assimilate.
CURE AND 'Thus the system is nour
ished, and by their tonic
TIITTIA (VI ■ n hl* ion on the digestive or-
TUTT’S P LLS il'iDS, regular and healthy
* evacuations are produced.
CURE BILIOUS COLIC The rapidity with which
11 1 persons lake on flesh,
TIITTJO OHIO While under the influence
IUI I W lILLu of these pills, ol itself in-
CUHE KIDNEY COM- dicatcsUieir adaptability
PI ATTJT to nourish the body, anil
lienee their efficacy iu ettr-
TUTT’S PILLS ancholy, dyspepsia, wast
ing of the muscles, slug-
CURE TORPID LIVER gishness of the
chronic constipation, ana
imparting health and strength to the system. Sold
everywhere. Office, 35 Mu ray Street, New York.
Triumph of science.
iS Gray Hair can be changed to a
I glossy black by a single application of
■ Dr.TuTT's Hair Dye. It acts like magic,
■ and is warranted as harmless as water.
I Price si.oo. Office 35 Murray St., N. Y.
What is Queen’s Delight?
Read the Answer
It is a plant that grows in the South, and is spe
cially adapted to the cure of diseases of that climate.
' nature’s own remedy,
Entering at once into the blood, expelling all scrof
ulous, syphilitic, and rheumatic affections. Alone,
it it a searching alterative, but when combined with
Sarsaparilla, Yellow Dock, and other herbs, it forms
Dr. Tutt’s Sarsaparilla
and Queen’s Delight,
The most powerful blood purifier known to medical
science for the cure of old ulcers, diseased joints, foul
discharges from the ears and nostrils, abscesses, skin
diseases, dropsy, kidney complaint, evil effects of
secret practices, disordered liver and spleen. Its use
strengthens the nervous system, imparts a fair com
plexion, and builds up the body with
HEALTHY, SOLID FLESH.
As an antidote to syphilitic poison it is strongly
recommended. Hundreds of cases of the worst type
have been radically cured by it. Being purely veg
etable its continued use will do no harm. The best
time to take it is during the summer and fall; and
instead of debility, headache, fever and ague, you
will enjoy robust health. Sold by all druggists.
Frice, SI.OO. Office, 35 Murray Street, New York.
(GEORGIA, HALL COUNTY.—D. P. Casey,
Executor of the last will and testament
of John Casey of said county, deceased, ap
plies for letters dismissory from said executor
ship;
Therefore all persons interested are hereby
cited to file their objections (if any they have)
and show cause (if any they can) why said
Executor should not be discharged from his
said trust, otherwise said letters will be
granted the applicant at the September term
of the Court of Ordinary for said county, to
be held on the first Monday of said month,
1877. J. B. M. WINBURN, Ordinary.
Ordinary’s office, May S, 1877. * may 11 -3m
DEORDIA 10 HER NEW SENATOR.
| % Dogrel from the N\ Y. Sun.
i Don’t go it too strong, O Benjamin Hill,
The Georgia that honored may honor you
still,
But not if your tongue is too lavish with
praise
Of the artful de\ ices of Rutherford Hayes.
Of carpet-bag thieves there at length is
surcease.
And Georgia has joy in her sisters’ release,
Though she isn’t by any means ready to swear
That it’s due to the Fraud in the President's
chair.
From the bondage of years, from the wrong
and the grief;
To be free once again is a precious relieff
But reason must fail ere our tongue -can
applaud
The creature whose forehead is branded with
Fraud
Dont go it too strong, then, 0 Benjamin Hill,
That the State which has honored, may honor
you still;
Asa mother she speaks to a dutiful child,
And teaches the wisdom of drawing it mild.
DRIFTING AWAY.
Drifting away from each other,
Silently drifting apart,
Nothing between but the world’s cold screen,
Nothing to lose but a heart.
Only two lives dividing
More and more every day;
Only one soul from another soul
Steadily dittiug away.
Only a man’s heart striving
Bitterly hard with its doom;
Only a hand, tender and bland,
Slipping away in the gloom.
Nothing of doubt or wrong,
Nothing that either can cure;
Nothing to shame, nothing to blame,
Nothing to do but endure.
The world caflnot stand still,
Tides ebb, and women change:
Nothing here that is worth a tear,
One love less—nothing strange.
Drifting away from each other,
Steadily drifting apart.—
No wrong to each that the world can reach,
Nothing lost but a heart.
PEACE IN THE FAMILY.
The following excellent rules for
promoting peace in the family, have
been suggested:
Remember that our will is likely to
be crossed every day, so prepare for it.
Everybody in the house has an evil
nature as well as ourselves, ancl there
fore we are not to expect too much.
To learn the different temper and
disposition of each individual.
To look on each member of the
family as one -ier whom \To should"
have a care.
When any good happens to any one
to rejoice at it.
When inclined to give an angry an
swer, to overcome evil with good.
If from sickness, pain or infirmity,
we feel irritable, to keep a very strict
watch over ourselves.
To observe, when others are suffer
ing to drop a word of kindness and
sympathy suited to them.
To watch for little opportunities of
pleasing, and to put little annoyances
out of the way.
To take a cheerful view of the
weather, and of everything, and to en
courage hope.
To speak kindly of the servants, and
to praise them for little things when
you cau.
Iu all little pleasures that occur to
put self last.
To try for “the soft answer that
turneth away wrath.”
When we have been pained by an
uukind word or deed, to ask ourselves,
“Have I not often done the same and
been forgiven.
In conversing, not to exalt ourselves
but to bring onthers forward.
To be very gentle with the little
ones, and treat them with respect.
Never to judge another harshly, to
attribute a good motive whenever we
can.
HOW TO BECOME A MILLIONAIRE.
You must be a very able man, as
nearly all the milliouaires are.
You must devote your life to the get
ting aud keeping of other men’s ear
nings.
You must care little or nothing
about other men’s wants, or sufferings,
or disappointments.
You must not mind it that your
great wealth involves many others in
poverty.
You must not give away except for
a material equivalent.
You must not go meandering about
Nature, nor spend your time enjoying
air, earth, sky, or water, for there’s no
money in it.
You must never embark in any en
terprise that build up the place you
live in, but wait until the public spiri
ted men have built railroads, etc,
then buy the stock at a discount.
You must never give to the widow
or orphan a thought, or consider that
they have any claims upon your hu
manity or charity.
You must make money your god;
interest your faith, aud large posses
sions the heaven you covet. And,
when dying, give a few pence to heaven.
You must not distract your thoughts
from the great purpose of your life
with the charms of art and literature.
You must not let philosophy or reli-,
giou engross you duriug the secular
time.
You must not allow your wife aud
children to occupy much of your valua
ble time and thoughts.
You must never permit the fascina
tions of friendship to inveigle you into
making loans, however small.
You must abandon all other ambi
tions or purposes, and finally—
You must be prepared to sacrifice
ease and all faDciful notions you may
have about tastes and luxuries and en
joyments during most, if not all, of
your natural life.
If you think the game is worth the
caudle—you can die rich—some of you
can.—The Critic.
GAINESVILLE, GA., FRIDAY MORNING, JULY 20. 1877.
PRESIDENT JENKINS’ SPEECH,
On assuming the Presidency of the
Constitutional Convention, Hon. Chas.
J. Jenkins said:
Gentlemen of the Convention: We
have assembled to execute a most im
portant trust, confided to us by a no
ble constituency and involving im
mense responsibilities. Government
is essential to society and the progress
of civilization. It exists among the
nations of the world in various forms,
according to their varying ideas of ex
pediency. In absolute monarchies the
will of the potentate is the law of the
subject, for in him abide sovereignity
and government. In such a social or-
ganization all ideas of limitation and
division of powers is excluded, but
among us very different ideas of social
polity obtain. We hold that the peo
ple are of a right, and must continue
to be, sovereign. But, inasmuch as in
a population so numerous as ours,
spread over so great an extent of ter
ritory, the people cannot, in the na
ture of things, govern aggregately, the
disposition is to delegate to selected
members of the body politic specific
powers; and, inasmuch as the delega
tion of all these powers to a single in
dividual, or to certain number of indi
viduals, for any time would not be safe
the expedient bas been adop’.ed of di
viding and limiting them. Under such
polity two distinct systems, or bodies,
of law are necessary; one emanating
directly from the people, providing for
the appointment of certain agents or
bodies of magistracy to conduct the
government in its ordinary course,
prescribing the mode and manner of
their appointment, prescribing their
terms of service and delegating to each
class its proper functions and powers,
and denominated fundamental, or con
stitutional law. The other enacted by
one of the bodies of magistracy and
subject to be changed or abolished by
them, regulating the conduct of men
iu their mutual relations, defining and
protecting the rights of persons and
property, and providing means to car
ry on the governm nt established by
the people, and denominated statutory
law.
Although the fundamental law
should be in its nature abiding,seldom
subjected to change, in the progress of
events, in the onward march of civili
zation, experience may demonstrate to
the wisest people the necessity of
changing the organization, or the
mode of appointment, or the tenure of
one or all of the bodies of magistracy
charged with the government of the
state—of enlarging or curtailing the
powers of one or all.
Numerous and cogent reasons migTff.
-btraasigueS, showibg tue absolute pro
priety of modifying at this time the
constitution of Georgia—some drawn
from the authority by which and the
circumstances under which it was con
structed and adopted, others suggest
ed by inherent defects of the instru
ment. But here and now this would
be supererogatory. The legislature
having submitted to the people them
selves whether they will or will not
convene for the purpose of framing
anew their constitution, they, in their
wisdom, have determined that they
will, and have deputed us to frame one
and submit it for their consideration.
[Applause.] It would be equally in
appropriate for me on this occasion to
attempt even a sketch of such an in
strument aH would meet the exigencies
of the times.
In the discharge of this great duty
you will, with such formalities as you
may desire, hear suggestions, compare
views, endeavor to harmonize conflict
ing opinions, and then digest the
weighty matter of your earnest lucu
brations.
But I trust you will receive kindly a
few general suggestions, some of
which, if adopted, will, I think, facili
tate the great work upon which you
are entering, narrow the field of in
quiry and promote concession and
final agreement.
First, then, the interests of tho state
at large, the grand body politic,should
be regarded as paramount to local con
siderations. The last, coming into
conflict and persistently adhered to,
sometimes defeat reforms far more im
portant than all the antagonizing in
terests.
The essential difference between
constitutional and statutory law, al
ready alluded to, should be kept stead
ily in view. There are principles in
herent to republican government in
dispensable to its success. There are
acts which government (as distin
guished from sovereignty,) should be
commanded to perform; and there are
acts to which government might be
tempted by the urgency of illdigested
public opinion, but which, traced to
final results, imperil Yveifaie,
and which government should be pro
hibited from doing. These proposi
tions are not stated for the purpose
of covering the whole ground, but for
illustration, and these and such like
matters, lie properly within the pale
of constitutional law.
Again there are matters of law which
involve no great fundamental princi
pie, which depend upon considerations
of expediency growing out of every
varying circumstances and which, be
ing tested often call for speedy amend
ment or abrogation. There is such a
thing as legitimate tentative legisla
tion, aud where experiment discloses
error, repeal or modification should be
prompt, easy and inexpensive
By leaving out of the fundamental
law provisions, either mandatory or
prohibitory, which it should contain,
too great attitude is given to legisla
tive discretion and the omission to do
what should be done, or the doing of
what should not be done, may entail
irreparable injury.
By including in the fundamental law
matters which are proper subjects of
statutory regulation you may render
the assembling of the people in con
vention too frequent and bring the
constitution itself into contempt. Both
these extremes should be carefully
avoided.
We live in a progressive age, but
l re^S sometimes in a wrong di-
sometimes too rapid, again at
titles, in particular interests unduly
lerated by the adoption of meas
-s*l* to the general welfare,
generally maintained as
w egislatures of the sovereign states
of the American union is that they
miy make all laws which the\ ''"T
d4m necessary r-oner for th;,f' J
of the state,
sist.-nt w-‘ w
stale an-. 1
Uit.bu oia ,
ba
oxj-efe ,
ofJJue states:'
w hich we live. Now, recurring to the
spu.fc of progress before alluded to,
an' comparing the legislation of Geor
giy in the early days of the public
witj; the scope of that of this day, it
will. I think be found that the legisla
ture has, in the recent past, dealt with
thejcesources of the state, which are
th e jLP°ckets of the people, in a way
never dreamed of in that earlier day.
I nUy mention as an example the
jog of the public faith and credit
in Hpd of private enterprises. These
are often undertaken without slet ade
quate to the end and credit relied
upoif to supply the deficiency. Asa
ques|ion between borrower and lender
it uiiey well be left to their discretion;
but vijhen the latter demands and the
former sues for state endorsement, it
assunes anew and startling aspect.
Barrjirs against such legislation were
deeded unnecessary in the time of
slow*;} but severer, progress; it may
wcllGbe considered whether they are
not u!pw essential!
Th<j proposition that in a popular
soverignty the education of the
masafiis a consideration of the high
est ipljnent, cannot be disputed. There
are ofi m measures proposed in ad
vance >f legislative action which have
been : dvocated, and their opponents
and ti: 1 people are called upon to cast
theirf’ptes for or against those meas
ures ly voting for these advocates of
their foponents. But as many of the
peoplj as are not sufficiently educated
to wejgh arguments pro and con., vote
in tbddark, cast votes by personal fa
voritiin only, which, nevertheless,
count]n making up the majority that
passfetifor sovereign judgment upon
grave measures of state policy. It is
souiovones said the education of the
ma\e J is immaterial, because in every
in every age, grave political
measures are originated and carried
out Jvk few leading and highly culti
vated Minds. We may grant this to
be so. j Still two answers may be given
to it afa a practical proposition. First,
In njfnular sovereignties those leading
’-niads jpansb be placed in position to
act by the suffrage of the masses, and
if that suffrage be cast without refer
ence to the theories or the proposed
policies of opposing candidates, the
ballot decides no principle, and is in
effect a nullity. A much lower stand
ard of education will suffice to under
stand measures originated and ex
plained than that requisite to originate
and explain them. But there must be
to some extent invigoration and en
largement by educational process—
there must be instilled into the mind
some general political principles, by
which the soundness of theories or
measures proposed, may be tested.
And that individual who has not been
educated to this point, and it is not a
very high one or very difficult of at
tainment, is unprepared for the exer
cise of the sovereignty in which he
participates. Therfore the state is in
duty bound to take measures which
will place such limited education with
in reach of the masses. (Applause.)
If it be true that reliance must be had
at last upon a few leading minds, it
will not be questioned that ‘those
minds require a very high grade of
education. They must be worked up
to such vigor and grasp of thought,
and furnished with such stores of
knowledge as will enable them to in
vestigate, and understand, and eluci
date the most difficult problems of po
litical science. And how is this to be
obtained? Only in the higher institu
tions of learning—in those designated
by the comprehensive title of universi
ties, so-called, because they are sup
posed capable of teaching everything
that may be learned. I lay it down as
a self-evident proposition, that every
people claiming to be sovereign, and
duly exercising the attributes of sov
ereignty should, and must, if true to
themselves, have such an institution.
(Applause.) Taka Georgia for an ex
ample. How else is she to be provided
with those leading minds, who are to
guide the masses through the intricate
processes of government?
Well, you say that her youths must
go for this education to and become
pupils of university
the union or in foi\ToomS, that we
Reflect, that theypl'iTere receive
teachings incompatible with our ideas
of good government. But look at the
proposition in another point of view.
Reduce it to its last analysis, and what
is it? Just this, that the sovereignty
of Georgia must remain forever under
the pupilage of other sovereignties. Is
this compatible with the dignity—is it
compatible with the honor of the em
pire state of the south ? 'Will it be
said that Georgia has now an univer
sity ? Yes, she has an university by
name, but, trust me, it is in an embryo
state. Its trustees have been earnest
in their endeavors to expand it and
give it the body and the appliances of
an university. But it is a most morti
fying fact that the means are wanting.
Without more liberal endosvment the
object cannot be accomplished. [Ap-
I
plause.J
My fixed belief is that Georgia will
not be true to herself until she shall
have provided an ample endowment
for common school and university edu
cation. I know and feel the burdens
of the people at this time, and I know
and feel that with the heavy losses of
property they have substained, and
with the tremendous financial depres
sion which pervades the country at
this time, immediate and full endow
ment of these enterprises is not to be
I expected. But I believe that a system
can be devised by which these great
objects can be accomplished within a
few years, gradually, without increas
ing the pecuniary burdens now resting
on the people, and I think you will
agree with me that the great object is
worthy of the most serious considera
tion. [Applause.]
no caution against class
nd or discrimination against
ptizens of African descent. I feel
rfect assurance that there is no
member of this body who would pro
pose suchj,ction, and if there was ho
hud himself without a fol
-3-- That portion of our popula
tion are coming to seo and will sooo
realize that those who once occupied
a different relation to them, fully re
cognize the ehaQge that has elevated
their civil status, and are in truth theii
best friends. [Applause]
It is unnecessary to speak of out
federal relations. These are created
by and well defined in the constitution
of the United States. All rght-mindert
men see and know that Georgia is ob
serving strict fidelity to them, and
therefore need make no new pledges,
assume no obligations, upon that con
stitution. Entirely outside of these x'e
lations Georgia has a reserved sover
eignty and a government to maintain
This is the precise field of our labors,
and there is in it scope enough lor the
grandest intellect and the most ardent
patriotism. Limiting ourselves to Uni
sphere of action, keeping steadily in
view as our polar st ir the reserved
sovereignty of Georgia, looking to the
enlightenment of her people, the de
velopment of her resources and her
steady progress in civilization, let us
endeavor to frame for her a constitu
tion in which generations of a remote
future shall regard as the palladium of
their sacred liberty and their unboun
ding prosperity.
I tender you, gentlemen, my most
grateful acknowledgements for the
high honor you have conferred by
placing me in this chair. I shall be
most happy if at the conclusion of
your labors you feel no regret at the
choice you have made of a presiding
officer. More than a quarter of a cen
tury has passed since I have had any
experience iu such a position, time
enough to have forgotten much of the
limited parliamentary knowledge I
may then have acquired. I cau not
therefore promise you great efficiency
or tact in the discharge of the duty
devolving upon me. I can give you
most positive assurance of a desire
and purpose, as far as in me lies, to
be always right, impartial, just and
courteous. You can aid me very
much, gentlemen, and economize time
and mouey by strictly observing the
rules yon mary adopt for your own
government, and considering whatever
of argument you may feel inclined to
offer to your associates, as far as may
be compatible with your sense of duty.
lam now ready to hear any motion
you may have to present.
A HISTORIC COINCIDENCE.
The Emperor Alexander is now over
looking campaigns at the very point
where his father, the stern Nicholas,
came near being killed by a shell iu
1828. Fifty years ago the fanatical
Romanoff was pushing his legions
across the Danube and into the lata!
Dobrudscha, and a stone still marks
the spot where the enemy’s shell went
wide of the mark and le't the royal
soldier to be killed by a subsequent
campaign. Thirty years later he was
again watching the aged Paskievitch
force the crossing of the Danube, and
this time defeat and mortification were
too much for the proud Russian, and
he fell a victim to his own ambition,
and the pacific Alexander hastened to
make peace at the conference of Paris.
Autocratic Russian Czars like other
monarchs imagine they make peace or
war and the stern logic of events dis
pose while they propose. Nations in
the process of growth and develop
uient infringe upon each other, and as
their orbits come near together con
flict resuhs despite the most pacific
autocrat or the most humane peace
policy. Alexander finds himself, de-
pite himself, directing the Cossack
legions which he himself called off a
half century ago. Like Alexander I.
he is averse to war, and yet his illus
trious predecessor twice entered Pari.-,
and marshaled eight hundred thousand
men to destroy the first Napoleon.
The second Alexander is likely to
enter the city of the Crescent as a con
queror when he would rather have
pursued the pacific reforms of internal
administration. The two are remark
ably similar in many respects. Each
has the delicacy and gentleness, with
the subtlety, and oerhaps the perfidy
_of the Greek, while each has somt-
Ahjng of the loftiness and heroism of
cue Roman, Napoleon said of Alex
ander the First that his intentions
were the best, but he would lie like a
Greek.—Nashville American.
Bare Neck and Arms. —An eminent
physician declared: ‘I believe that
during the twenty-six years I have fol
lowed my profession in this city, twen
ty thousand children have been car
ried to the cemeteries, a sacrifice to
the absurd custom of exposing their
arms naked. And yet it is said that
the low-necked fashion is coming in
again. Do not follow it.’
During August and September, Ve
nus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn, will be
all visible at the same time. Mars
will, on September 5, be only 35,000,-
000 miles from the earth, which is a
rare occurrence, and his appearance
will of course be unusually brilliant
—red as blood.
Irascible old party—‘Conductor,
why didn’t you wake me up as I asked
you ? Here I am, miles beyond my
station.’ Conductor —‘I did try, but all
I could get out of you was, ‘AH right,
Maria, get the children their breakfast,
and I’ll be down in a minute.’
A merchant in Easthampton asked
his Sabbath school class the other
Sunday,‘Whut is solitude ?’ and was
answered by a boy that reads the pa
pers, ‘The store that don’t advertise.’
LEE’S SURRENDER.
1 Dramatic Account by an Eye-Witness of
Hie Closing Scene of the War.
Prom Gon. Gco. H. Sharpe’s Decoration Day Address.
1 remember—ami it was recalled to
me to-nigbt in conversation, when the
name of Gen. Grant came up in the
course of conversation—the wonderful
scene that transpired in that little
odace in Virginia, on the Gth of April,
ISo j. It was late iu the afternoon
when it became known that Gen. Lee
iad sent for Grant to surrender to him.
It was between 2 and 3 o’clock when
v met in the little room in the house
vbtre the surrender of Lee’s army
to ,k place. I know there is a belief
bat the surrender took place under an
tpple tree, where Grant and Lee met
imi exchanged a few w>rds. The sur
render took place in the left-hand
ro >m of that old fashioned double
ouse. The house had a large piazza,
-vhich ran along the full length of it.
It was one of those ordinary Virginia
oases with a passage way running
through the centre of it. In that lit
tle room where the meeting took place
iat two young men—one agreatgrand
son of Chief Justice Marshall, of the
Supreme Court, reducing to writing
e terms of the surrender on behalf of
Uubl. E ths other a man of dusky
oouu'enance—a great nenhew of that
celebrated chief, Red Jacket—acting
under General Grant. The two were
reducing to writing the terms of the
surrender of the Army of Northern
V.rginia to the Army of the Potomac.
Gathered around the room were seve
ral officers, of whom I was one.
At some distance apart sat two men;
one the most remarkable man of his
dav and generation. The larger and
older of the two was the most striking
in his appearance. His hair was white
as the driven snow. There was not a
speck upon his coat; not a spot upon
those gauntlets I hat he wore, which
were as bright and fair as a lady’s
glove. That was Robert E. Lee. The
other was Ulysses S. Grant, whose ap
pearance contrasted strangely with
that of Lee; his boots were nearly cov
ered with mud; ohe button of his
coat—that, is, the button hole was not
where it should been, it had
clearly gone astray, and he wore no
sword, while Lee was faultlessly and
fully equipped. The conversation was
not rapid by any means. Everybody
felt the overpowering influence of the
scene. Everyone present felt they
were witnessing the proceedings be
tween the two chief actors in one of
the most remarkable transactions of
this nineteenth century. The words
that passed between Grant and Lee
were few; ~ \
Gen. Grant, endeavoring to apolo
gize, for not being fully equipped,
and noticing the faultless appearance
of Lee, while the Secretaries were
busy, said: “General Lee, I have no
§£'ord; I have been riding all night.”
And Lee, with that coolness of manner
and all the pride, almost haughtiness,
which, afte? all, became him wonder
fully well, never made any reply, but
in a cold, formal manner bowed. And
General Grant, in the endeavor to take
away the awkwardness' of the scene,
said: “I don’t always wear a sword,
because a sword is a very inconvenient
thing.” That was a remarkable thing
for him to say, considering that he
was iu the presence of one who was
about to surrender his sword. Lee
m!y bowed again. Another, trying to
relieve the awkwardness of the occa
sion, inquired: “General Lee, what
became of the white horse you rode iu
Mexico? He might not be dead yet;
he was not so old.” General Lee
bow* and coldly, and replied: “I left
bun at the White House on the Ra
ni u; key river, and I have not seen him
since.' There was one momeut when
there was a whiskered conversation
between Grant an i Lee which nobody
m the room heard.
The surrender took the form of cor
respondence. The letters were all
-igned in due form by the chief actors,
in the presence of each other. Final
ly, w hen the terms of tne surrender
uad been arranged, and the surrender
made, Lee arose, cold and proud, and
oowed to every person in the room on
our side. I remember each one of us
thought he had been specially bowed
to. And then he went out and passed
and UVD tlm little square in front of the
house, and bestrode that gray horse
that carried him all over Virginia, and
when Lie had gone away, we iearned
what that whispered conversation had
been about. Gen. Grant called his
officers about him and said: ‘You go
to the Twenty-fourth, and you to the
Fifth,’ and so on, naming the corps,
‘ n 1 ask every man who has three
rations to turn over two of them. Go
to the commissaries, and to the quar
termasterrs,’ etc.; ‘General Lee’s army
is on the point of starvation!’ And
twenty-live thousand rations were car
ried to the Army of Northern Vir
ginia.
Asbestos. —Some experiments have
recently been successfully made in
Italy on anew way of burning petro
leum under steam boilers. The method
consists simply in pouring oil over a
thin layer of asbestos. The petroleum
burns with great heat, w r hile the asbes
tos, being incombustible, is not affec
ted and thus not only serves as means
of retaining the oil, but, being so good
a non-conducing substance, the pre
vention of fire from the volatile oil is
obvious. In the experiments, sheets
of paper placed beneath the furnace
were not injured, despite the fierce in
candescence of the oil above.
A Grumbling old bachelor, after lis
tening to the following: ‘She was her
muzzer’s own ’ittle darlin’ wopsy
popsy dearly ducksy, so she was, an’
she mus’ keep still,’ asks, ‘Why don’t
women talk some decent kind of En
glish to their children ?’
‘Can there be anything brought into
this house,’ asked a disgusted member
during the last session of the legisla
ture, ‘that will not be repealed sooner
or later ?’ One of the opposition sug
gested, ‘a skinned orrauge.’
ARE PRESBYTERIANS DISSENTERS |
There are according to the most re
cent estimates, 107,000,000 of Protest
ants in the world. These are scattered
over many lauds, speak may languages
and yire so pflaced as to girdle, and, if
they will, command the world.
The greatest nations, the most pow
erful and progressive, the most free
and enlightened, are Protestant. Of
these .107,000,000 of Protestants, 34,-
500,000 belong to the Presbyterian
Church, and are grouped in more than
20,000 congiegation, served by about
20,000 clergymen. The Lutheran
Church, owing to its almost complete
resemblance to the Presbyterian, and
which numbers 20,500,000 of Protest
ants, may fairly be added to the world
forces of evangelical Presbyterianism.
The whole strength of the Presbyterian
Church for work and warfare on the
earth would then be 55,000,000 Pro-
NO, 29
testants. This is the largest section
of the Protestant world, a section in
comparison with which any of the
other denominations is small indeed.
This immense Presbyterian Church
has the largest number of theological
colleges, by far the most extensive cur
riculum of theological studies for its
ministers; the greatest and the most
wide-spread missions of Protestant
truth in the world. She has done more
for human freedom and good govern
ment and the rights of conscience than
any of the other religious bodies, or,
perhaps, than all of them put together.
The theological scholarship of her di
vines is confessedly high, and she con
tains iu her pulpits the most powerful
preachers of the age. She occupies
the first place in education. The
wealth of her people may be imagined,
when it is considered that in America
alone £2,500,000 yearly are her in
come.
It appears, therefore, that the larg
est Church of the Protestant world is
Presbyterian. If we relied on the ar
gument from numbers, it would ap
pear thut our Episcopal brethren &re
iu reality dissenters. Is it with pride
I say this ? No, but in humility and
gratitude For our high position im
plies coi responding obligations under
our King and Head. And how glori
ous the thought that we march in line
to the conquest of the world, with 55,-
000,000 of men; that our sword is the
old Pauline theology, of historic re
nown on the battle-fields of the world;
that onr King is no earthly potentate,
whether civic or ecclesiastic, but the
Lord Jesus; and that our meteor flag
has borne the breeze of battle for 18
centuries, and that it never gleamed
and advanced more gloriously than it
is doing now. There have been de
feats and even disasters, but along the
whole line there is progress, for the
shout of a King is heard among us.
W eat a power for aggression ! And
there is need. Was there ever a sadder
sight than the present condition of
English Protestantism ? Strange it is
that statesmen and even ministers are
unable to learn the lessons which God
is teaching them. And what is the
condition of the world? Its population
is now estimated at over 1,400,000,000.
There is work for our Church. Let
her gird herself for the task, and draw
forth her enormous resources. Men
are wanted, and God has them to
give Money is needed, and of all its
hidden treasures Jehovah is the Keep
er. The prayer of faith will bi’ing out
into view the men, and extract the
gold, and secure the blessing.—The
Presbyterian Churchman.
The Troubles of a Millionaire.—
Mrs. Gaines has had entered up a
great many judgments pro confesso
against the occupants of properties to
which she had been adjudicated to
have title. She has been kept busily
employed before the Masters in Chan
cery iu profits, which the defendants
have been equally active in producing
evidences of the value of their improve
ments. The Masters do not appear to
have mastered the business committed
to them, and their reports will not be
handed in before the next term of court.
In the meantime the restless plaintiff
relieves and diverts the tedium and
dulness of this vexatious and wearying
work by the persual of the innumerable
letters sent her from the North solicit
ing subscriptions to various churches,
charitable institutions, impoverished,
but always sympathizing and admiring
friends; reverend widowers, poor but
deserving artists, soliciting the privi
lege of painting her portrait; and lit
erary bummers, ambitious of serving
up her remarkably eventful life in a
sensational sketch. Then there are
letters of tender inquiry as to the
branches of the very numerous Clark
family, and suggestions of consanguin
ity of the affectionate subscriber, whose
great grandmother was of the Clarks
of Ireland, and had a very extensive
connection. Aud so on, affording the
jolly little lady infinite mirth, and pro
voking frequent explosions of laugh
ter.—New Orleans Democrat.
American Iron Interests.— The year
1875 marked the lowest depression of
American railroad building, and this
fact explains the considerable increase
m iron and steel rails rolled in this
country in 1870. In fact the total net
tons of rails and other rolled iron pro
duced in 1876 was nearly equal to the
highest point ever reached—l,92l,ooo
tons, against 1,890,000 in 1875, 1,966,-
000 in 1873 and 1,485,000 in 1871.
Nearly half the production of 879,000
tons of rails in 1876 was of Bessemer
steel. The production of steel not
Bessmer has risen pretty steadily from
15,090 tons in 1876 to 71,000 in 1876,
the highest doint ever reached. These
figures are much more cheering than
those of the pig-iron trade, which is
connected with it by the immense
amount of iron rails thrown on the
market. Processes have been perfect
ed by which rails and many other hard
wares are successful and cheaply made
from these old rails, reducing the de
mand for new iron of course. The
iron and steel rail market is quite act
ive, and one of the conti acts to be
had at Pittsburg is for 30,000 tons to
go to Cuba. Business in general, of
course, is the dullest of the dull, but
great expectations are entertained of
the fall.
An indiscriminate slaughter of dogs
is threatening. All right, but remem
ber that every dog killed leaves seve
ral hundred fleas to be cared for and
amused.
‘I am astonished, my dear young
lady, at your sentiments; you make me
start.’ ‘Well, I have been wanting
you to start for the last hour.’
There is a fellow in California so ex
travagant that he kindles the fire with
bank notes and skates on ice cream.