Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

VOLUME II—NUMBER 48. ithc UJtguffic §f on vital, IS PUBLISHED WEEKLY —A T— THOMSON. C3rJN., —B Y H. C. RONEY. RATES OF ADVERTISING , Transient advertisements will be charged one dollar per square* for the first insertion, and seventy five cents for each subsequent insertion. BIHrjMIC AftDS. DU T L LALLUSTKDT OFFERS IIIS PROFESSIONAL SERVICES To the Citiieus <>l Thomson and Vicinity. H« can be found at the Room oyer Costello’s, when not professionally absent. REFERS TO Pxo. J A. Eve, Puo. Wm. 11. PooonTV, Pit John S. Coi-Khan, Dr. S C. Eve. R. W. H. HEAL. Attorney at Eutu , Thomson Office.—in Court-House Building. decl inG. PAUL C. HUDSON, littonico at ;Cato f '2'39 032 SO.\, <» ISO BtV- 3A. KiT Prompt attention given to the collection of claims. £3" Will practice in all the courts of tlio Augus ta, Middle and Northern Circuits. fjffice. —At the Office formerly occupied by Jor dan E. White, Esq. seplßmS 11, C. RONEY, Alloro at iCatu. thomsov, u.i. Will practice in the Augusta, Northern and Middle Circuits, no I—ly CHARLES H luBOSE, TK WurriMiton, Ga. Wi’l practice in all t ! »o Court* of the Northern, Augusta & Middle Circuits. Central fjotel, 33-Y MRS. \V. n THOMS, AUGUSTA, GEORGIA. uepl ltf •W. H. HOWARD. C. H. HOWARD. W. H. HOWA W 11. Howard & Sons, IMllH&fflllSfflffllEilK, No. 2 Warren Block, Agusta, Georgia. «■ Cninmi-ssion f'T Selling cotton One Dollar per bale. Strict personal attention given to bu-untew entrusted. All orders strictly obeyed. Liberal Cash Advan ces made on Cptfo-i. Special attention paid to Weighing of Cotton. Bagging and Ties furnished at Lowest Market Prices. seplltf MILLINERY MRS. VV OR RILL would respect fully ca l the attention of the Ladies ot Thomson and vicinity to tier well selected JSTOCK OP MIL LINE 31V and white goods. Also a fiue assort ment of LADIES’ BOOTS Ladies’ Hats made in in the latest style. Old Hats retrirned at the* lowest prices. Call and examine. ostltiind to per month, Hv#*rywhere. male r*r female, to introduce the £3 Genuine Improved Common Sen e Family Sew ing Machine. 'Phis machine will ntifch, i.cra fell, tuck, quilt, cord, bind, braid embroider in *n a most superior manner Price only sls. J Fully licensed and warranted for five year •. W„ ■ wid pay SI,OOO for aav machine that will sew a stronger, more beauwful, or more elastic fH th mi ours It makes the ‘ Elastic oc!c Stitch.” Q Every t-ecoul at itch can be. cut, and stiil il,e loth cannot be i»u*led apart witn »»t (paring if. '.Vc p rt y Hffpnts $75 to $250 per month and »*x- penses, or a commission from which that amount can lie mad*». Addres SECO MB A CO. Boston, Miss ; Pittsburg, Pa., Chicago, 111., or Louis, Mo. YOUNG MEN Lillies or Mincers Agents wanted in every County, for The Peo ple's Standard Bible.” 550 illust ations frrt terms. Propectu free. Address ZegUr & McCur dy, M3 Arch St*, P.iiU., Pa. I. r*-aA Jlrflitiwanted! Allel»»»»«ofwor1c!nrp« , > y»J ID -v i !c,df either tex, youngor oM,make luoretjn-aeytt work for us in l ..-it aptre momenta or all the time than at anything Particular* free. i-ldreaa O. btluioa k. Cos., PoiUaad, Main*. cept 4yl AGENTS | Something New, G salable ariicLs, ! J s-ll at higi ll . Catalogues ft »and one ; H7\m/cd. i sample tVre.« <V V. .VlTg Cos.. 21 | Courtlniidi St., N- V. oct 30*4 ~X> "o”n ? Be deceived, but (or cough', jail 's, sore throat hoursioss and ’ulties, use only WELLS’ OARBSLL TABLTS. Wortblc>s imitations are on the market hut the only scientific preparation of Carbolic Ac and for Lung diseases i.«* When c' etnlcn ly conibined w ; th omer well kn iwn reinedi-s. ns in fim>e tablets, mil nil frames nre cautioned against u iug any oihrr. In all cases ot irritation of the mucus membrane thes * tablets should be Iretly used, their cleansing mid loaing properties art*, astonishing. B warned, never neglect a cold, it is easily cure 1 n is incipient stale, when it h.-coim s chronic the mire «s exceedingly difficult, u e Wells’ Carboli ; Tablets as a specific. JOU> Q. KELLOG, 1 e Platt St., New Ymk. S(4<» Agent lor the United S-ates. __Pru>‘ 25 emits a box. Send lor Circular. T A DIFS AND GENTLE \I EN, sell Protean Button Hole Cutter, J2scts.; But ton Hole Worker, 50etn ; Needle Threading Thiui ble, 2*»?ts*; Morocco Needle Book, sllcts., (G lar »»* & 5 papers - uicil Needles. sls per day sure; sarn l'> f *e to any one nt above pace, 'i’h'orutou & Cos. o K JJ Broadway N. Y. r j’o TUE WORKING male or fe naJe 1 SGO a week guaranteed. Respectable employ ment at home, day or evening; no capital required ; full it struct i< ms and valuable package of goods ; o start with tent tree by mail* Add less, with 6 centre turn Ktamph M. YOUNG vA CO., 10 GonrUandt St., New Yo’k. AGENTS! A RARE CHANGE We wi'l pay all \gents slop *r week in cash, who will engage with n » at once. Fly cry king fum ished and expenses pail A I ires-i V. COULTER & CO., Cllailaie, Midi. *)s V t ’•) M AN-’ V .or SOUL OHABMINCk Ha H either sox may f.iseinatc aud gain the love & afiodio.is of any parson they instantly. This simple incutal Require:n -.:t all can possess, free, by mail, for 25c. together with a marriage guidEgyptian Oracle, Dr mis, Hints to Ladies, Wed ling-Night Shut. A'.e. A queer book. Address T. WILLIAM A to. Pulis. Phila. 55011, New York Oil v. _ \ CUE AT OFFER / lloracH Waters. 481 Broadway, N. Y , Will dispose of 100 Pianos. Ale to lei is. and Organ 4, of -ix fir*-t-duss mulrpre, including Hat. at Very lv prlce< for Ca-h, or part cash, an tb dancoin small monthly iiist dm<*nt X^ w _7-,>truv.‘ tiisi|c las Pi-moR. modern improve incut’*, lor $275 Cash. Now ready a Concerto Par lor Organ, the most heauu nl tyD and perfect ion«* ever niad**, lllqstrated Ca nlogues mailed. Shoal .Music Merchandise. Agents wanted to c-invass for tiio great combiuStiiotJ TO- D A Y The Great 11hut rated People's Weekly, the bst and clmapest paper published. Dio L-wis an! a corps of most popular authors wiito exclnsively fur it. We give u copy of the unparalleled cTirouio, Just so High, lo every 9ub'Gri!i t. A t'ruin tv/ nly-fiv to ihirtv nam-.-i n d;iv. No busiue.s pay , like iliis. Se ri for terms, an-i secure territory' for this prcoi eote p-i-e at once. MACLEAN, STUDD tlil' & CO. I’ublisrier3, I*tail.ttelpl.it, Pa, or Cincinnati Oiiw. Important to Horse Owners! £SKS».no-ciasans ■. «ju,h i rrn: new ODORLESS, NON-POISONOUS Deodorizer and Disinfectant. Ha* been used with great sunce-s in Canada, De troit, BufTilo, Rochester, and other places in the prevailing HORSE EPIDEMIC. For Sprinkling the Floors of Stables, ashing tt.e Alaugeiv, and d* Aiia poison ous exholni'Mis from tlie manure and mine when ►priallied with it, For decomposing und destroying all bad orders and Ga-es, as well as germs of disease and s-ptic (»articie.s in the air— thrown; off by tlio sick arinial. For [)urif)’ing the Air the animal breathes by* hanging cloths wet wr-th it near his head, so that, he will not breathe over and over again foul air. To sponge and syringe the nostrils and mouth, check the acrid poisonous discharges, heal all ulcers and sores. It prevents the spread of the disease !by completely cleansing tlie mouth and purifying the breath. | Horses like it while they turn away from the : smell of Carbolic Acid which is poisonous aud ir ! ritating to inflamed mucous surfaces. Put up is Pint Bottles. Prepared only by TILDIdN CO., 170 Willitm St- New York. BY ALL DRUGGIST. Cheap Tarails ! frT-ce Homes ! On ill* line of the U lion Pacific Railroad. 12 000,000 acres of the best Farm ng and Mineral Ln » D in America. 3.0') ’.OOO Acres in Nebraska, in Hm PDfte Valley, ! i)'*w for ‘ale. .uiLw va.iM.iiv: rr.it rtvi: sr>B3. for Grain growing and Stock Bailing unsurpassed by any in »l»e United States. Cheaper in Friee, mo e favorable terms given, and more convenient t > market th.au can be found else whe-e FRBE HOMESTEADS FOR ACTUAL SET TLERS. The local ion for Colonies —'Soldiers entitled to a Homiest ad of 100 Acre"-. Send fir the new Di-cr»ptive Pamphlet, with .new maps, pubiithed iu English, German. S veedlsh and Danish, mailed free e\ T ervwhere. Address O. F. DAVIS. Land C’om rU.P.R. R. Cos., Omaha, Neb. I Thomson, McDuffie county, ga., December n, im. BiKTiMMEL’s faces’ fitters, Manufactured I>.\' i .|/^OLo\' ! '. ‘dSki St,, Augusta, Ga. Rectifiers, Redistillers, Importers and M liolesalo Dealers in mi in si EJi hues. Fon ign and Domestic Liquors, Itraii(!iti">, Willi’s. <Uin, BSinsi, - a’oidrr, •lie, snc., e;u. Also a Superior Article of ijA! »I IdlS’ HITTERS. lOIfACCO AND SUGARS OF EVERY VARIETY. Aug.23tf DUTY OFF TEAS \ 'fi'Le I.real American 's’oa </»•> have business eonnection4 with all the principal p ui.-; of China and lapaa, and Import their Teas direct from j * ice of growth, thus saving the cus tomer from sto 8 profits, It is now about I‘2 years since the Company was organized—and it lias ban a sj*!e jlil sn *:vs-i from the very first. This was due to the fact that wo imported and sold only the BcHT AND PUItEST GOODS, and distributed them to our customers in all parts of the Uninted States, for one small profit only, between the Tea-grower and the Tea-customer. Wo originated the system of supplying consumers in distant parts of the country with Teas, at New York Oarg > Prices, on the Club plan. And since we adop 1 this plan we have saved the people of this country millions of dollars annually, in the cost of this aPieii* of everyday necessity, id. s i for Club Circular, which contains full direc tions, premiums. Ac. The Great American Tea Cos hi & 38 Vksuy Street. P. O- BoxoGIM, New York City. .Ijriosi; Wanted Evcrywlirrc to sell the best low-priced Corn-Sheller ever pat ented. Let farmers and everybody who has corn lo shell send for circular to “FAMILY CORN SHELLER CO., Harrisburg, Pa. pul II BLOOD PURIFIER II il l i- u> l c physic which may live tent pent., lelief Uto tin sufihr r for M»e first f-*w doges, bit wn cli from coniiuued use hr ngs IMes and kindreddiseiiv s iu i i.i i weakening the invalid, nor is it a doctored liquor, which, under the popular name of “Bidets” is so •’x/cindvi ly p lined ott’on the public as s>ve .eign remedies, but i« is a im*t powerful TANARUS« n c and altemtiv**, pronounced by leading medical au thori ies ol London litid Pans, and has been long u-ed by die ocular of other conn rii*s witn woude. ful remedial results, 1. WELL'S im»B V JIIIEIA refninjall the Me licinal vi*tu**B peculiar to the plant aud must betaken as a permanent cuntive a (rent. Is thiU’e want «*f aciiou in your Liver & Spleen ? Unl-ss relieved at «mr*e. he blood becomes impure by deleirious secroiaiion®, oroducing or skin dise im-s, blotches, lelons, pustul s, paliker, pirn f»!v-«4, <vc , &c. lak • Ju-iih-ha to cleanse, puns n and restore the vitiated blood io healtliv action Have you a Dy »ep’ic S'omafth / U dess diges tion L pm natty ai<l and the system L with loss of vital fume, poverty of the blood. Dropsical Tendency, General W akness <r La-situde. Take it to assist Digedion without reaction, it will •mjiari yoo’-hlul «igor to »ho w a y sufferer. Have you wealtures of the / destines 1 Foil •r * in and inger of Chronic Diarrhoea or the dreadful In flammation of th • Bowels T ke it to allay iriiiation and ward off tendency to inf! imm-itious Have you weakness of the Uterine « r Urnary Or gans ? Y- li mii't procure instant relief or you are liable tO’Kuffering worse than death Take it to s reagthen organic weakness or life be com s a burden. Finally it slionld bo frequently ta en io keep the syst-rri in p-rfcct. health or you are o her vise in tfre.it and ng» rot malaria!, miasmatic or couta eou diseases. JOHN Q. KELLOGG, 18 Platt St , N. Y, Price, One Do'lar per Bottle. .S tid f mil NEW AUUIVAJLS. A FINE assortment of Ladies’Cra jlb. vats, Collars, Unfiersleeves, Rib lions, Handkerchiel's, Edg ings &c. 25 Dozen f.arlies’, Misses and chil dren’s shoes, made to order. nov2ot4 R. 11. BUSH. Dll'lrllU’C I S-nd stamp for catalogue on Build- JJUIIULI o I mg. A. J. Riokuell&Co,, 27 War. en Street, N. Y, This unrivalled Mtviteitm s warrants I not to couiuin a ■'ingle p.utich of Murou >,or any iiijuri t.UH |]Vii<o*;il substance, ‘ iu I-. * Pnrey Tegcleb < . For forty years t has prove.i its great value in all diseases of the live , bowels ami kidneys. Thou sands of t lie good aud great in ill parts of lli« country vouch for i>s wonderful aud p collar power in puri fying the blood, s imulaung t lie torpid liver aud ho »- el-, and imparting new hie tnd Vigor to the whole syidem. Siiniii iii.s’ l.ivoi UeguUtoi is acknowledged to have no equal as a LIVEFt MEDICINE, It contains four medi. al elements, never united in in the same happy proport on iu any »*her prepara tion, viz : a gemle Caihnrtc, a wundeifut Tv.flic, an unexceptionable alierutive »md a certain correct ive of all impmit es of the b dy. Such signal suc cess I as attended its use that b is now regarded us the Great Unfailing Spaeific for liver eumpUdn au* the painful iLor ug thereof, io wit: Dy.*popsia. Cons ipaiion, Jaund ce, 14.1- iotiM uMaclts, Sic!: 110 -dacbo, i'oiic, Depression ol Spirits, Sour S'o..i .ch, 'I. art Burn &e , &c. Uegulate th Liv v and prevent CHILLS AND FEVcK. SIVIMONS’ LIVER REGULATOR Is niaiiuiaeiured only by J. H. ZEILIN & CO-, .VLkmu, Ga.. and Philadelphia. I‘rice SI BO per package ;s*ut h mail, pontage Jiaid, $1.25. Prepared ready h r use iu bottles, $1.60. SOLO BY AIL DRUGGISTS- B ware ol ad Counicrteiiband tuiiiaiious. hepllyl Biuporl.int .'tialico. TO i33T:Lf SIADNI H3J553 AND PRIVATE FAMILIES BMIR (Judersiqued are now Prepared to Supply j Hot 1 i, Boardin g Houses, and Private X?ami lies, with the Choicest Beef, Veal, Mutton, Lamb, Pork, Spare llibs, Pork Sausage, Blasting Pigs, Game, Etc. IN ANY (JUANTITY OKsIRGD. All our Meats are warranted Fresh, and of the Best Kind. OUR CORNED BEEF, Put up by our Mr Lawrence, is superior to any from New York Fulton Market. CUT Also, we keep a First-Class Pami l.y i rroce ry 3 wel lstoeked with all kinds of Family Supplies including Canned Fruits, Fish, Meats, Pickles, Jellies, Etc. rAF Send your Orders or Baskets to us, aud wo will (ill them and ship by earliest train direct, at the Lowest Market Prices. We will, also, iill any order from customers for aridu}e.s that are not in our line—such as Fish, Oysters, Vegetables, Bakers’ Bread, etc. Wo arc confidant of giving satisfaction and ask only a trial. L A WRENCE & RIGSB7, 1 I X liroail Street, And stall SO Lower Marltet Augusta, Ga- THE OLD POPULAR BJP.SE house ConuTot Broad and Washington Streets, August Goorgia, Was Re-opened tor Public patronage on the Ist instant, by .S. BA MF.IJIWLEH, whose long experience enables him to guaiante.e satisfaction to all who favor him with their patronage. The Cen tral Location and Moderate Charges (which are less than regular hotel charges), of the B JRKB .HOUSE, ass advantages to visitors to the city that are worthy of their consideration. nov27m3 Thomson High School Far? &QTS r¥l IIE next session of this school will _M_ commence onJMonday, Jan. 13th 1573. ... TUITION PER SOHO L \S TIC YE AR4O VVKF.Ks, Preparatory Class $ 20.00 Intermediate Class 30.00 Advanced Class 40.00 The course of instruction is thorough. Students are prepared for any c'ass in College, or instructed in practical course, if desired. For particulars apply to N. A. LEWIS, Principal. dec4tf Thomson, Ga. §511,70 %geii’ft Profits per week —will prove it or forfeit SSOO. New articles patented July 18. Samples free to all. Address W. H. CHIDESTER. 267 Broadway, N. Y. A Queer Soot. Some months ago the Augusta pa pers published accounts of a queer sect from Massachusetts, who had bought lands and settled in Columbia county. They called themselves ‘Canaanites.’ — It seems that the community has been guing to pieces. The Constitutionalist of Saturday mentions that a man and his wife belonging to the sect bad be. n ui that city see/nug redress (rum the civil authorities. We extract from that paper the following account ol the present status of the colony, as de scribed by these persons who had es caped : •They informed us that Curry (the leader) had been for some time past in a condition that savored strongly of in sanity. LLs dress during the cold weather has consisted of a patrol linen pants and a linen shirt, over which he wears a sort ol loose linen gown. He wears no shoes or socks. He has shav ed oil Ins hair, whiskers and eye-brows, and wears ii mitre with the words ’Hol iness to Yahveli’ written in front. A iglil or two iiince he slept in a blanket on the gro> ml near a spring on the place, stid attired in the airy c stumes described above. He now declares that lie is the second Adam, that the Presi dent of the Un ted States, the Vice- President, and the Spe tker ol the House, will ail be destroyed in the next four weeks, and that he will then rule over the whole country, and particularly over the South. A few days ago, ht sent one of his men around to the wo men ot the co oily, and demanded all of their jewelry or trinkets o! any descrip tion. They were compelled to yield to the demand. Our informant stated that Curry’s wile had remained iu the .-etllemcnt lor a lew days, and then be coming disgusted with the state of at lairs, returned to her home at the Noith. After her departure, 'Curry declared that the laws of marriage were abolish ed, aud took another woman as his woe. This woman he culled HIS QU EN, an I established ir, state in a splendid tent which he inhabits on the premi ses. Mr. and Mrs. Ingalls becoming alarmed at the phase matters were taking, determined to remain no longer, and therefore lied from the s ttlernent on .Monday night, leaving what pioper ty they still owned behind them. VVe learned iron) them that they resided be fore they joined the colony, at Cam bridge, Massachusetts, ot which place they are natives, They appear to be well eilucated people and completely s tisfied that the new Canaa nte doc trines are by no means what they first believed them to be.” *.«*.*-. A Isi{f Scare. Mark twain sa)s the following story was told to him by a fellow passenger, who said he had never been scared since ti.e time lie loaded an old Queen Anne musket for his lather. You see the old man was trying to teach me how to shoot blackbirds, and beasts that tore up the young corn, and such things, so that I could be ol some use about ilie farm, because I wasn’t big enough to < o much. My gun was a single-barrel shot-gun, and the old man car.ied a Queen Anne musket that weighed about a ton, making a report li£e a thunderclap, and kicking like a mule. The old man wanted me to shoot the musket some times. but 1 was afraid. One day, though, I got her down, an I taking her to a hired man asked him to load her, because the man was out in the field. Hirrum said: •‘Do you see them marks on the stock, an X aud aV ( Well, that means ten balls and five slugs—that’s her load.” “But how much powder?” “O, it don’t matter ; put in four handfuls.” So I loaded her up in that way, and it was an awful charge—l started out. 1 leveled her on a goad many birds, but every time L attempted to pull the trigger my heart failed nte ; I was afraid of her kick. Towards sun down I fetched up at the house, and there was the old man resting on the l>oreh. “Been out hunting, have you?” ‘‘Yes, sir,’ said I. “What did you kill ?” “Didn’t kill anything, sir—didn’t shoot tier off. I was afraid she’d kick.” “Gimtnus the gun ! roared the old u an, mad us sin. “Do you see that I sapling ?” TEEMS—TWO DOLLAES IN ADVANCE I saw it, and began to drop back out of danger. The next moment I heard an earthquake and saw the Queen Anne whirled end over end in the air, and the old man spinning round on or e heel, with both hands on his jaw, and the bark flying from the sa ling. The old man’s shoulder was set back four inches, and his jaw turned black and blue, and he had to lay up lor three and ys. I l ave not been scared since. Replanting Diseased Te th.—We copy the following from the Chambers’ Journal : VVe mentioned some months ago that a member of Odontological Society had succeeded in replanting teeth that had been extracted in conse quence of disease. To the process by which this was accomplished he gave the name “reimplantation.” Another member of the same society has now had the operation tried on himself and with success, ihe tooth which had been lor some time painfully affected by changes of temperature, was carefully pulled our, to prevent straining or tear ing gum ; the dental canal was cleansed, the decaying parts were scraped from the tooth, and stopping applied in the usual way, and then the tooth was re placed in its socket. The operation lasted about halt an hour; for three or four hours there was a dull, aching paiu, which, however, entirely ceased before noon the following day though some tenderness remained. This in turn disappeared ; and by the end of a fort night the replanted tooth did, without dilticulty, all duty which a tooth is expected to do. From this it will be understood that a tooth slightly diseased at ihti root need not be thrown away, and that persons who object to an arti ficial tooth may with proper care retain the teeth which nature gave them. A Cuke eok Ear-ache.—There is hardly any ache to which children are subject so bad to bear and difficult to cure as the ear-ache. But there is a remedy never known to fail. Take a hit of cotton batting, put on it a pinch of black pepper, gather it up and tie it, dipin sweet oil and insert it in the ear. Put a flannel bandage over the head to keep it warm. It will give im mediate lelief. For tooth-ache, pulverized alum and common salt put on a piece of cotton into a hollow tooth will shut up its ach -1 ing so quick that you will want to thank us for telling you. Distemper in 1-Jor-.es.—Some time ago I saw an article entitled, “Treat ment of Distemper in Horses,” and knowing a very simple and effectual cure for the same, I concluded to give it to your readers. The cure is simply a lump of gum camphor, about the size ot a hazel nut. Riven to the horse in bran—or anything in wi ich he will eat it—on the first indication of the disease. If one dose does not effect a cure in two days, repeat the dose, and I will warrant a cure. The camphor opens the pore 9, relieves respiration, etc., and the horse is relieved almost as if by magic. They have anew way of treating the broken legs of horses, which ought to be generally known. A valuable horse in Hartford, Conn., had his leg broken a short time since. The leg was carefully set by an experienced surgeon, and was covered thickly with piaster. When the plaster “set” or hardened, it sept the limb as immova ble as if it had been made of iron. Thus treated, a borken leg, it is asser ted, will /niit togeiher in a brief time and become as good as ever. The Famine in Persia.—The famine in Persia, which, as our readers are aware, was raging most fearfully some time ago, has been the, means, we learn, of causing 100,1)00 souls (men, women and children ) to perish in the Persian capitol alone. Throughout the country it is stated that not less than three millions of human beings have fallen victims to the famine and pesti lence. A pleasant experiment for the long winter evenings: Get a vessel that will hold 25,000 tons ; then get a lot of needles. Drop one needle in the first week, two the second, four the third, and keep it up for a year. By that time you will have filled 28,320 such n ceptacles and we will put it in the paper for you. This is a very pleas ant little game, and will give you plen ty to do towurds the last. Father Ryan, the distinguished priest and poet, by reason of ill health, has been compelled to give up his pastorate and seek, repose tu Europe.