Newspaper Page Text
VOL. XXII.
Portland, Me., is the winter port
for all Canada, which sends out and
receives over $50,000,000 worth of
goods every winter.
The report that five-sixths of the
female clerks in the Treasury Depart
ment at Washington have been dis
missed in favor of male successors
simply because they could not lift the
heavy ledgers emphasizes to the New
York Dispatch the importance of phys
ical culture for girls.
Outside of tribal and religious dif
ferences there is abundance of excite
ment in India. During 1802, 21,088
human beings and 81,608 head of
cattle were killed by snakes and wild
beasts, the chief human mortality—l9,-
02o—being due to snake bites. Tigers
claimed 047 human victims, leopards
260, wolves 182, bears 145 and ele
phants seventy-two.
Government statistics show that in
both Kentucky and Louisiana forty
four per cent, of the farms are owned
by the holders. Ju the former ninety
five per ceut. of the farms to owned
are clear of incumbrance, the debt on
the balance being forty per cent, of
their value, with 6.68 per cent, inter
est. In Louisiana ninety-six per cent,
srfe clear, the debt qf the remainder
being forty-four per cent., with inter
est at 8.Q6 per cent.
\ alley Forge, the famous winter
headquarters of Washington during
the darkest period of tho Revolution,
is soon to become a State Park, tho
Legislature of Pennsylvania having
appropriated $25,000 to acquire the
ownership of the property. The jury
of awards has assessed damages of
$28,582 to the owners of something
over 200 acres of land desired for tho
park, and it is probable that the small
excess over the appropriation wilt not
stand in the way ot the patriotic pro
£ct. ■
St. Louis Star-Sayings observes:
especially in the Bast, are,
of a probably coming scarcity
• - to a
H,i Pldy, Nova Scotia. Now
r is on the free list, it will
Hr buyers to purchase logs at $6 in
HNi Scotia rather than at $lO in
Hkt of (water) transport is but little.
Hfcolrain on the Nova Scotia forests
flßajherto not lxvti very great, the
market being hnglund, to
HPountiy 1• >, >t):i JV, f 166
fISgH: were shipped Inst year.
|p||fffc still 2,600,000 acres of vir-
BpjgiTkmber land in the colony, of
800,000 acres are owned by
farmers, 400,000 by tho Government
and the balance by individuals and
corporations.
The class of *97 of the Jefferson
Medical College, Philadelphia have
decided to use the metric system in
writing their proscriptions when they
aie graduated. “This action,” says
the Philadelphia Enquirer, “will no
doubt be handed down from class to
class a* it is the first step made in this
country by a medical college. It is
contended that at the present timo all
kinds of weights and measures are
used by the druggists add pharmacists,
thus leading to confusion between the
doctor and the druggist. The United
States Pharmacopoeia of 1890, pro
nounced in favor of tho metric system,
yet it is only by concerted action on
the part of the doctors and the phar
macists that it will be brought into
general use. The colleges of phar
macy have adopted the metric system
aud it is thought that, as it has been
brought up in one medical college,
others will speedily follow.”
Mrs. Lynn Linton thinks that the
peasantry of Ireland and France,
where she lms observed them, are suf
fering greatly from the decline of the
squirearchy of landlordism. In Ire
land and in the French rural districts
the people, no longer living under the
“intiuonce of the better educated and
more enlightened gentry,” lose both
in manner and morals, and are also
injured n their pockets. Wnoio
towns and villages in Ireland have
been made poorer than ever by the
lack of landlords, who, “impoverished
by successive enactments,” have been
forced to shut up their houses and
leave the country. The work that wu
given by the big houses is over. Tho
smithy’s fire is quenched ; the car
riers’ horses are idle; the village
shops are meagre and few; nothing is
done, and “social life is stagnant.”
The women have scarcely anything tc
do. There is no more washing, and
they are rapidly losing their skill in
sewing. The “tyranny” of the squire
is taken off', but the peasantry have
lost a valuable guide aud counselor
and source of profitable activity and
industry which there is little pros
pect of replacing.
1 GROVER MESSAGE
The President Males Siineslions 1
to the Congress
RecoEimeMiiig Snch Legislation as Se ms
Ntosary and Expedient
The message of President Cleveland
has been read in congress
This report contains the main features i
of the paper. Only the reference to the 1
report of cabinet officers, that have
: been printed and matters of less im
! portance have been dominated.
Message to Congress of tho United State*:
The assemblage within the notions legislative
halls oLthose charged with the duty of molting
laws f,splh© honest of a generous and free peo
ple Jmr lively suggests the exacting obligo !
tlon and Inexorable responsibility involved in
their task at the threshold of stn h labor now to
he undertaken by the congress of the United
States, and in the discharge of an executive
duty enjoined by the constitution, 1 submit
this communication containing a brief state
meat of the condition of our national affairs and
recommend ng such legislation as seems to me
nocesfary and expedient.
The history of our recent dealings with other
j nations aud our peaceful relations with them at
this tine a Iditlonally demonstrate the advan
tage of consistently adhering to a firm but just
foreign poll y free, from envious or abitlous
national schemes aud characterized by entire
honesty and sincerity.
During the past 'ear. pursuant to a law of
coigr-'ss. commissioners wore appointed to the
Antwerp Industrial exposition. Though tho
participation of American exhibitors foil far
short of completely illiistuiing or notional inge
nuity and industrial achievements yet it. was
quite creditable In view of tho brief time ol
lowed fer preparation.
I have endeavored to impress upon the Bel-
I glum government the noedlessnesH and posl-
I live harmfulness of its restrictions upon the
I importation of certain of our food products,
and have strongly urged that the rigid suporvl
-1 slon and inspect (on under our laws are amply
sufficient to prevent tun exportation from this
c ountry of diseased cattle and unwholesome
Tho termination of the civil war in Brazil
has been followed by u general prevalence
I of peace and order. It appearing ut an early
stage of the insurrection that its course would
call for unusual watchfulness on the part of
this government, our naval force in the harbor
of Kio Janerio was strengthened. This pre
caution 1 am satisfied tended to restrict the
Issue to a simple trial of strength between the
Brazilian government and the insurgents and to
, avert complications, which at times seemed
Imminent. Our Arm attitude of neutrality was
maintain>.• i to the end. The insurgents re
ceived no encouragement of eventual asylum
from our commanders, and such opp< si tlon as
they encountered was for the protection of our
commerce and was clearly justified by public
law.
A serious tension of relations having arisen
at the close of the war between Brazil und
Portugal by reason of the escape of the insur
gent Admiral DaGamaf and hi* followers. Tho
| friendly offices of our representatives to those
countries were exerted t for the protection of
the subjects of either within the territory of
| the other, although the government of Brazil
i r-: d.> uoUh-.i that the commercial urrnngc
} moot existin'? between the United States and
that country based on the third Motion of the
I Tariff law of taw), wns abrogated on August 28.
j 1804, by the taking effect of tho tariff law In
force tbut government subsequently notified
tts of Its Intention to terminate such arrange
ment on the tlrst day of January, 189 ft. in tho
I exercise of the right reserved In the nrrangc
j ment bet ween the two countries. Attention to
the correspondence between the secretary of
j state and the Brazilian minister on this sub
ject,
j Tho commission organized under the convcn
| tlon which we had entered into with Gbili for
I tho settlement of tho outstanding claims of
J *’ach government against tho other adjourned
! at the end of the period stipulated for its con
j tlnuancc. leaving undetermined a number of
American cases whloh had been duly present
ed. These claims are not barred and negotia
tions art'in progress for tho submission tou
new tribunal.
On tho 17th of March last anew treaty with
China in fourth regulation of emigration Wat*
signed at Washington, und on August 13th it
; received the. sanction of the son ate. Kutifica
! tlon on the part of China and formal exchange
I are awaited to give effect, to this mutually ben
j efluial convention.
i A gratifying 10 rognltion of tho uniform Im
partiality of this country towards ail foreign
states was manifesto 1 by the co-incident re
quest of the Chinese and Japanese governments
that the agents of the United States should,
within proper limits afford protection to the
subjects of the other during tho suspension of
diplomatic relations duo to a state of war.
j Tuts delicate office was accepted, and a mis
apprehension which gave rise to the belief that
In affording this kindly unofficial protection
I I our agents would exercise the name.
j Author.ty which the withdrawn agents of the
j belligerents had exercised was promptly cor
! reefed, although the war between (ffiina and
J Japan on dangers no policy of tho United
States, It deserves our greavest consideration
i by reason of its disturbance of our growing
commercial Interest* in the two countries and
j the Increased dangers which may result to our
citizens domiciled or sojourning in the Interior
! of China acting under a stipulation in our
i treaty with Korea. (The first r >nclurt*d with
j a western power.) I felt constrained at tho
| beginning of the controversy to tender our good
j offices to induce an amicable arrangement of
the initial difficulty growing out of the Japa
nese demands for on administrative reform In
Korea hut th rt unhappy precipitation of actual
b'.'.-tUitleK defeated this kindly purpose. De
ploring the destructive war between the two
most powerful of the eastern nations and anx-
I lous that our commercial Interests
j may be preserved und that the safety of our
citizens there shall not be jeopardized. I would
not hesitate to head any intimation that our
friendly aid fertile honorable termination of
hostilities would be acceptable to both belli
gerents.
A convention has been finally concluded for
the settlement, by arbitration of the prolonged
dispute with Ecuador grown out of the pro
ceedings against Emllic Santos, a naturalized
citizen of the United States,
Our relations with the republic of France
continue to be such as should exist between
nations ho long bound together by friendly
sympathy and similarity In their form of gov
ernment.
The recent cruel assassination of the presi
dent of this sister republic called forth such
universal expression of sorrow and condolence
| from our people and government or to leave no
j doubt of the depth and sincerity of our attach
ment.
: The resolutions passed by the senate and
j house of representatives on the occasion have
: been communicated to the widow of President
Carnot.
| Acting upon the reported discovery of Texas
I fever In cargoes of American cattle, the Ger
j man prohibition against importations of live
j stock and fresh meats from this country has
! been received. It is hoped that Germany will
I soon become convinced that the Inhibition Is
needless as it is harmful to mutual interests.
The Germ a i government has protested
against that provision of the customs tariff act
which imposes a discriminating duty of one
tenth of one cent a pound on sugar coming from
countries paying an export bounty thereon,
claiming that the exaction of such duty, is in
contravention of articles 5 and 9 of the treaty of
lh’Jr. with Prusia. In the interests of the com
merce of both countries and to avoid even the
I accusation of treaty violation I recommend the
i repeal of so much of the statute as Imposes, that
j duty, and 1 invite attention to the accompany
! ing report of the secretary of state containing
j a discussion of the questions raised by the pro
' tests. Early In the present year an agreement
THOM SON, GA., FRIDAY, DECEMBER 7,1894.
was reached with Great Brltaiu concerning in
structions to be given to the naval commanders
of the two goverments In Boring sea and the
contiguous north Pacific ocean for their guid
ance in the execution or tho award of tho Paris
tribunal arbitration und the enforcement of the
regulations therein proscribed for the protec
tion of seal life in the waters mentioned- An
understanding lms also been reached for the
payment by tho United States of $125 0)0 in full
satisfaction of all claims which may be made
by Great Britain for damages growing out of
the controversy as to fur seals In Behring Sea
ortho seizure of British vessels engaged in
taking seal in those waters. The uwurd and
findings of the Paris tribunal to a great extent
determined the facts and principles upon which
these claims should be adjusted and they have
been subjected by both governments to a
thorough examination upon tho principles as
well as the facts which they involve. .1 urn con
vim od that a settlement upon the terms men
tinned would be an equitable and advantageous
one and I recommend that provision be made
for the prompt payment of the stated sum.
Thus far. only Franco and Portugal have sig
nified their wi'linguess to adhere to the regula
tion established under the award of the Pari*
tribunal of arbitration.
Preliminary surveys of the Alaskain boundary
and a preparatory examination of the question
of protection of the food fish in tho contiguous
vvnt *rs of the United States and the Dominion
of Canada arc in progress.
The boundr.v of British Guinioa still remains
in dispute between Great Britain and Venl
zeulu. Believing that its early settlement on
some just basis alike honorable to both par
ties, is in the line of our established policy to
remove from this hemisphere all causes of dif
ferences with powers beyond the sou. I shall re
new the efforts heretofore made to bring about
a restoration of diplomatic, relations between
the disputants and Induce recourse to arbitra
tion which Great Britain so conspicuously
favors in principal and respects in practice and
which Is earnestly sought by her weaker adver
sary.
Since communicating the volmnnous cor
respondence in regard to Hawaii and the ac
tion taken by the senate und house of regre
sentatives on certain questions submitted to
the judgment and wider discretion of congress
the organization of u government in place of
the provisional arrangement which followed
the deposition or the has been announc
ed with evidence or Its effective operation. Tho
recognition usual in such eases lias been ac
corded the new government under our present
treaties of oxtravation with Italy miscarriages
of justice have occurred owing to the refusal
of the government to surrender its own sub
jects. Thus far our efforts to negotiate an
amended convention obviating this difficulty
has been unavailing.
Apart from the war In which the island em
pire is engaged Japan attracts increasing at
tention infills country by her evident desire to
cultivate more liberal intercourse with us and
to seek our kindly aid In the furtherance of
her luuahlo desire for complete autonomy In
her domestic affairs ami full equality in tho
family of nations. The Japanese empire of to
day is no longer the Japan of the past, and our
relations with this progressive nation should
uot be less broad and liberal than those with
other powers. Good will fostered by many
interests in common has marked our relations
with our nearest southern neighbor.
Peace being restored uloug her northern
frontier. Mexico has asked the punishment of
tho.late disturbers of her tranquility. There
ought to be anew treaty of commerce and nav
igation with that country to take the place of
the one which terminated thirteen years ago.
Tho friendliness of the intercourse between
the two-countries is attested by the fact that
during t his long period the commerce of each
has steadily Increased under the role of mutual
consideration, being neither stimulated by con
ventional arrangement* nor retarded by Jeal
oqs rivalries or f-elffsh distrust.
An indemnity tendered by Mexico as a
riouH pet to, r: minder in of fwon Bald
win an American citizen by a band of marau
der* In Durango has been accepted and K be
ing paid in installment s. The problem of the
storage and use of the waters of the Bio
Grande for irrigation should be solved by ap
propriate concurrent action of the two Inter
ested countries. Rising In the Colorado
Height the stream flows intermittently yield
ing little water during the dry months to the
irrigating channels already constructed along
its course.
In its course through level sands often raise
embarrassing questions of territorial jurisdic
tion. Prominent among the questions of the
year was the Bluelkdds incident, in what Is
known as the Mosquito Indian strip bordering
on tho Atlantic Ocean and within the juris
diction of Nicaragua. By the treaty of iB6O be
tween Great Britain aud Nicaragua the for
mer government expressly recognized the
sovereignty of the latter over the strip und a
limited form of self-government was guaran
teed to the. Mosquito Indians to bo exercised
according to their customs, for themselves and
other dwellers within Its limits.
The sOc'allcd native government, which grow
to be largely made up of aliens for many years
disputed the sovereignly of Nicaragua over
the strip and claimed the right to maintain
therein a practically Independent municipal
government. Early In the past year efforts of
Nicaragua to maintain sovereignty over the
Me squire territory led to serious disturbances
culminating in the suppression of the native
government und the attempted substitution
of an impracticable 'composite administration
in which Nicaragua and alien residents were
t * participate. Failure was followed by an
insurrection which for a time subverted Ni
caraguan rule, expelling her officers and re
storing the old organization. This, in turn,
gave place to the existing local government
established and upheld by Nicaragua.
Although the alien interests arrayed against
Nicaragua in these transactions have been
largely American and the commerce of that
region has been for some time and still is
chiefly controlled by our citizens, we cannot
for that, reason challenge the rightful sover
eignty of Nicaragua over this important part
of her domain. For some months one, and
part of the time two, of our naval, ships have
been stationed at Blucflelds for tho protection
<•? all legitimate Interests of our citlzeus. In
September last tho government ut Nicaragua
expelled from Its territory twelve or more for
eigners including two Americans for alleged
participation In the seditious or revolutionary
movements against the republic at Blue Helds
already mentioned, but by the earnest remon
strance* of this government, fho two Ameri
can . have been permitted to return to the
peaceful management Of their business. Our
naval commanders at the scene of these dis
turbances by their constant exhibition of firm
ness and good judgment contributed largely to
the prevention of more serious consequences
end to the restoration of quiet and order.
I regret tkat in the midst of these occur
rences there happen■’ a most grave and Irri
tatin'..' failure of Nicaraguan justice. An
American citizen named Wilson residing at
Kama, in the mosquito territory, was mur
dered by one Augillo, the acting governor of
the town. After some delay the murderer was
arrested but so Insecurely confined or guarded
that he escaped and notwithstanding our re
peated demands, it is claimed his recapture
has been impossible by reason of his flight be
yond Nicaraguan jurisdiction.
The Nicaraguan authorities having given
notice of forfeiture of their concession to the
canal company on grounds purely technical and
not embraced in the contract, hove receded
from that position.
Peru. I regret to say, shows symptoms of do
mestic disturbances due probably to the slow
ness of her recuperation from the distresses of
♦he war of 1881. Weakened in resources, her
difficulties in facing International obligations
invite our kindly sympathy and justify our for
bearance in pressing long pending claims. I
have felt constrained to testify this sympathy
In connection with certain demands ur
(ently preferred by other powers. The recent
Jeath of the Czar of Russia called forth appro
priate expressions of sorrow und sympathy on
the part of our government with his bereaved
family and the Russian people.
Asa further demonstration of respect and
friendship our minister at St. Petersburg was
lirected to represent our government at the
unerul ceremonies. The sealing interests of
tU/Ciia in Behring sea arc second only to our
>wn. A modus divendi has therefore been con
iuded with the imperial government restric
v of poaching on the Russian rookeries and
f sealing in waters which were not compre
hended in the protected arena dcllaod In the
Paris award. Oocasu a has been found to
urge upon the Russian government equality of
treatment for our grca\ life Insurance compa
nies whose operations have been extended
throughout Europe.
Admitting us wo do foreign operation to
transact- business In 'he United States, wo
naturally expected no loss tolerance for our
own in tho ample Held' of competition abroad.
But few cases of interference with naturaliz
ed citizens returning b Russia have been re
ported during the our.Lnt year. One Krzo
minski, was arrested lst summer in a Polish
province on a reported charge of unpermitted
renunolntiutlon of Russian allegiance but it
transpired that the pr< 'codings originated in
alleged xnaleaxfauce c- nmittod by Krzeminski
while an imperial official a number of years
ago. Efforts for his r- lease, which promised
to be successful, were u progress when his
death was reported.
The government o f Salvador being over
thrown by an abrupt popular outbreak, certain
of its military and c il officers, while hotly
pursued by infuriat'd insurgents, sought
refugo on board of the United States warship
Bennington, thou lyiu in a Salvadorn port.
Although thi' practice • f. asylum is not favored
by this government, ye'in view of tho immi
nent peril which throat *ed the fugitives, and
solely from eonstdoru wh of humanity, they
were afforded shelter 1 y our naval commauder
and then afterwards demanded under our
treaty of extrndit-ou Willi Salvador for trial on
charges of murder, nr on and robbery. 1 di
rected that such of thoitos had not voluntarily
left, the ship bo conveyoi to one of our nearest
ports where a hearing iould be had before a
judiciary officer In compliance with the terms
of the treaty. On their arrival at Sail Fran
cisco such a proceediny was promptly inst i
tut'd before the Unit-id district judge, who
held that the acts constituting the alleged
offenses wore political Aid discharged nil the
accused except Cienfucgqes, who was held for
attempt to murder. Thereupon 1 was con
strained to direct his release for the reason
that an attempt to minder was not one of the
crimes charged against him and upon which
his surrender to tho Salvadorean authorities
had been demanded.
Unreasonable and unjust lines imposed by
Spain on the vessels end commerce of the
United States, have dc oandod from time to
time, during the last tw-nty years, earnest re
monstrance on the partf our government. In
the Immediate past exorbitant penalties have
been imposed upon our vessels and goods by
customs authorities of t’nba and Uorto Rico for
clerical errors of the mo t trivial character in
the manifests or bills of-lading. In some cases
fines amounting to thousands of dollars have
been levied upon cargoes or the carrying v es
sels when tin' goods In question were entitled
to free entry.
Flues have been exacted even when the error
lmd been detected and the Spauish authorities
notified before the arrival of the goods in port.
Tais conduct Isin strung'; ontrast with tho con
siderate and liberal tr< at merit extended to
Spanish vessels and carg- in our ports in like
cast s. No satisfactory tv tt lenient of these vex
aliens questions has ye been reached. The
Mora case, referred to In ui.v lust annual mes
sage, remains unsettled. From the diplomatic
i one qiontleiico on tills su ?ject, which has been
laid before tho senate, it will be seen that this
government nas offered to conclude a conven
tion with Spain for dlspe.sal by arbitration of
outstanding claims hetwe n the two countries,
except tho Mora claim, u! :>h having been long
agoadjuslo 1 now only u.mts payment as stipu
late;! and of course it could not he included in
the proposed convention. It was hoped this
offer would remove par!h’-,i ntftr.v obstacles en
countered by the Sp;ni- government in pro
viding puynunlot the M i Indemnity. I re
gret to say that no definit reply to this offer
has yet 1 ecu mlvle and . I <. Torts to nectiro pay
ment of this nettled rla: - have been nnavail
ing,
In my last annual m # I adverted to the
dnfm >r; toe ,n. t ot iVsr' lhl . , „ x .
pell, tm persons undesirable* mid and dan /crons,
Auieri tins naturalized in the United States
and returning to Turkish jur.s lictlon. Nunier
ous questions in this relation hav e arisen.
While this government acquiesces in the as
sorted right of expulsion It- will not consent
that Americans may b" imprisoned or other
wise punished for no other reason than having
acquired without Imperial cons-m American
citizenship. Three of the assailants of Miss
Melton, an American teui ln r In Mosul, have
I ecu convicted by the Ottoman courts, and I am
advised that un appeal against the acqultal of
the remaining live has been taken by the
Turkish prosecuting officers. .V convention lias
been concluded with Venezuln for tli * arbitra
tion of a long disputed claim growing out of the
seizure of certain vessels, the property of citi
zens of tho Unit' and States
Although signed, the treaty of extradition
with Venezuela is not yet In force, owing to the
insistence of that government that, when sur
rendered, Its citizens shall in no case be liable
to capital punishment.
The rules for the prevention of collisions at
sea which were framed by the inaritlne confer
ence hold in this city In IKR9 having boon con
currently incorporated in the statues of the
United States and Groat Britain, have been
announced to take effect March J. Jfjflft, and
Invitations have been Extended to nil marl tine
nations to adhere to them, Favorable re
sponses have thus far been received from Aus
tria, France, Portugal Spain and Sweden.
In my last annual message i referred briefly
to the unsatisfactory state of affairs in Samoa
under the operation of the Berlin treaty as
signally illustrating the impolicy of entang
ling alliances with foreign powers, and on May
9. 189-1. in response to a resolution of the senate
I sent a special message and document to that
body on the same subject, which emphasized
my previously expressed opinions. Later oc
currences. the. correspondence in regard to
which will be laid before congress further
demonstrates that the government which was
devised by the three powers and forced upon
the Samoans against their inveterate
hostility can be maintained only by tho con
tinued presence of foreign military force und
at no small sacrifice of life and treasure. The
suppression of the Matusfu insurrection by the
powers, and the subsequent banishment of the
leader und eleven other chiefs, as recited in
my last message, did not bring lasting peace to
the islands. Formidable uprisings continued
arid finally a rebellion broke out in the capitol
island.
The sing again appealed to the powers for
help and the combined British and German
naval forces reduced the At nuns to apparent
subjection not however without considerable
loss to the natives. A few days later Yamu
sese and his adherent, fearing the ships and
the marines, professed submission. Reports
received from our agents at Apia do not justi
fy th(! belief t nit the peace thus brought about
will in: of long duration, It Is their conviction
that the natives are at heart hostile to the
present government; that such of them as
profess loyally to it do so from fear of the
powers and that it would speedily go to pieces
if the, warships wore withdrawn. In report
ing to his government on the unsatisfactory
situation since the suppression of the late re
volt, by foreigu armed forces, the Gorman con
sul at Apia slated that peace will be lasting
is hardly to be presented. The lesson given
by firing on Atua was not sufficiently sharp
und incisive to leave a lasting impression on
the forgetful Samoan temperament. In fact
conditions are existing which show that peace
| will not last and it Is not seriously intended.
! Listen, the king, and his chief are convinced
that the departure, of the warships will be a
signal for a renewal of war. The circumstan
ces that the representatives of tho villages of
all the dis*-iet,> which were opposed to the
government have already withdrawn to Atua
to hold meeting -and that both Atua and Anna
haveforbJddo inhabitants of those districts
which fought, on the side of the government to
return t o their villages and have already partly
burned down the latter indicates ureal con
ciliation of the parties is still far off.” And
In a note of the 18th Ula inclosing a copy of
that report for the information of this gov
ernment, the German ambassador said :
‘The contents of the report awakenedothe im
perial governments approhen* lon that under
existing circumstances the peace concluded
with the rebels will afford no i; suranco of the
lusting restoration of tranquility in the is
lands.
j The present government hum utterly failed
: to correct, if Indeed it lias not aggravated, the
j very.evilswas intended tq' prevent. It has
j not stimulated our commerce wfWtibct thjj( lg
l lands. Our participation in Its establishment
i against the wishes of tho natives was in plain
defiance of tho d6nservatlve teachings nod
warnings of the wise and patriotic men who
laid the foundations of our free Institutions,
and I Invite an expression of the judgment of
congress in the propriety of stops being taken
by this government looking to the withdrawal
from its engagements with the other powers
on some reasonable terms not prejudleal to
any of our exciting rights.
The secretary of the treasury reports that
the receipt s of the government from all sources
of revenue during the fiscal year ending June
30,1894, amounted to $372,808,408,129 and its ex
penditures to $445i,004,768, leaving u deficit of
$09,803,240.58. There was a decrease of $15,962,-
P 74.08 in tho ordinary expenses of tho govern
ment ns compared with the fiscal year 1893.
There was collected from cu5t0m55431.818,630.02
tuul from internal revenue $147,108,449.70. The
balance of the income, for the year amounting
to $93,815,817.97 was derived from the sales of
lands and other sources.
The balance of our total dutiable imports
amounts to $#5,199,080, being $165,667,026 less
than during tho preceding year and tho im
portations free of duty amounted to $379,793.-
630. being SO4 718.075 loss than during tho pre
ceding year. The recelps from customs were
$73,630,486.11 hiss and from internal revenue
$13,836,539.97 less than In 1893. Tho total tax
collected from distilled spirits was $85,269,160.26
on manufactured tobacco $28,617,898.62 and on
fermented liquors $31,414,788.01. Our exports
of merchandise domestic aud foreign, amount
ed during the year to $892,140,572, in
crease over the preceding year of $44,485,878.
The report of the attorney general notes tho
gratifying progress made by the supremo court
in overcoming the arrears of its business and
in reaching a condition In which it will be able
to dispose of eases ns they arise without any
unreasonable delay. This result is of course
very largely due to the successful working of
the plan of inaugurating circuit courts of ap
peals. In respect to these tribunals the sug
gestion is made in quarters entitled to the
highest consideration that an additional dis
trict- judge for each circuit would greatly
strengthen thqse courts and the confidence re
posed in their adjudications. And that such
an addition would not create a greater force of
judges than the increasing business of such
courts requires. I commend the suggestion to
the careful consideration of tlie congress.
Other important topics arc adverted to in the
report, accompanied by recommendations,
many of which have been treated at large in
previous messages, und at this time therefore
need only be named. I refer to the abolition of
the fee system ns a measure of compensa
tion to federal officers. Tho enlargement of
the powers of the United States commissioners
at least in tin* territories, tho allowance of
writs of error in criminal cases on behalf of
Hie Uuitcd States, and the establishment of
degrees in the crime of murder. A topic dealt
with by the attorney general of much impor
tance is tho condition of the administration of
justice in the Indian Territory. The perma
nent solution of what Is called the Indian
problem is probably not to be expected at
once, but meanwhile such ameliorations of
present conditions as the existing system
will admit of ought not to be neglected. lam
satisfied there should be n federal court estab
lished for tho territory with sufficient Judges,
and that this court should sit within the terri
tory and have the same jurisdiction as to terri
torial affairs as is now vested In tho federal
courts sitting in Arkansas and Texas.
Free Through the Malls.
The post office master general believes that in
the near fill ore-all legitimate newspapers and
periodical magazines might be properly trans
mitted through the mulls to their subscribers
free of cost.
I invito your prompt consideration of this
subject, and fully Indorse the views of the post
master general.
The total number of postofficoo in the United
States on the doth of June 18*. I was 69.805 an In
crease of 40i over the proceeding year. Of
tlic.se 3-4 s were presidential, un increase, in that
class of 08 over the preceding year.
Six hundred and ton cities and towns are
provided with free delivery. Ninety-three
other cities and towns entitled to this service
under tin* law-have not boon accorded in on ac
count of inonif l nt funds. Tho expense of ireo
deli very for the current fiscal year will be more
Ilian $12,3 0 mu and tinder existing legislation
lids item of expenditures is subject to constant
Increase. The estimated eost of rural free de
livery, generally Is ho very largo that It ought
not to be considered in the present condition of
affairs.
Umlng the year 830 additional domestic
money order offices were established. Tho
toiai number of tin so offites at the close of the
year was 13,26,4 There were 14 303,041 money
orders issued during tho year, being an Increase
over the j receding year of 931,300. Tho value
of these orders amounted to $138,793,679.4'), an
increase of sll 217,14') K 4. There were also Is
sued during the year postal notes amounting to
$12,649,031.55. During the year 213 international
money order offices wore added to these already
established, making a total of 2,025 such offices
in operation June 30th, IK3-1, The number of in
ternational money orders issued during the
year was 917,821, a decrease in number of 138,-
170 and their value was 13,792.455,5i, a decrease
in amount of $2 543,382.r>5. The number of orders
paid was soi.i o, an increase over the preceding
year of 00,202 and their value was $0,508,493.78,
an increase of $1,285,118.04.
Freni tho foro-ming statement it appears that
the total Issue of money orders and postal notes
for tho year mounted to $105,225,229*35.
The number of letters and packages mailed
during the. year for special delivery was 3.436,-
970. Tho special delivery stamps used upon
these letters and packages amounted to $813,-
797. Tlie messengers fees paid for their de
livery amounted to $201.‘..0J,70. leaving a bal
ance in favor of the government of $82,467.30.
The report shows most gratifying results in
the way of eeonernlcH worked out without af
fecting tlie efficiency of the postal service.
These consist in the abrogation of steamship
subsidy cont acts, re-letting of mail contracts,
and in the cost and amount of supplies used In
the service amounting to $10.619,047.42.
This report also contains a valuable contri
bution to the history of tho Universal Postal
union, an arrangement which amounted prac
tically to the establishment of one postal sys
tem forthe entire civilized world. Special at
tention Is directed to this subject at this time,
In view of the fact that the next congress of
the union will meet in Washington in 1897 and
it is hoped that timely action will be taken In
the direction of perfecting preparations for
that event.
The postmaster general renews the sugges
tion made in a previous report that the depart
ment organization be increased to the extent
of creating a direct supervision of nil postal
affairs, and in this suggestion I fully concur.
There are now connected with the postoffice
establishment 32.661 employes who are In the
classified service. This includes many who
have been classified upou tho suggestion of the
postmaster general. Ho states that another
year's experleneoat the head of the department
serves only to strengthen the conviction as to
the excellent working of the civil service law
in this branch of the public service.
Attention is called to the report of the secre
tary of the navy which shows very gratifying
progress In the construction of ships for our
new navy. All the vessels now building, in
cluding the three torpedo boats authorized at
the last session of congress excepting the first
class battleship lowa, will probably be com
pleted during the coming fiscal year.
The estimates for the increase of tho navy
for the year ending June 30, 1896, are large, but
they include practically the entire sum neces
sary to complete and equip all the new ships
not now in commission so that unless new
ships are authorized the appropriations for
the naval service for the fiscal year ending
June 30,1897. should fall below the estimates
for the coming year by at least $12,000,000.
The secretary presents with much earnest
ness a plea for the authorization of three ad
ditional battle ships and ton or twelve torpedo
boats. While tho unarmored vessels heretofore
authorized, including those now nearing com
pletion. will constitute a fleet, which il Is be
lieved is sufficient for ordinary cruising pur
poses in time of peace, we havo now completed
and In process of construction but four Jlrst
class battle ships and but four torpedo bouts.
If we arc to have a navy for warlike operations
offensive and defensive. v.*e certainly ought 'to
increase both the number of battle ships and
torpedo boats.
I recommend that provision be made for tin
> oust met lon of additional battleship and tor
pedo I oats. The secretary recommended‘the
manufacture trot only of a reserve supply of
ordnance nnd ordnance material for ships of
the navy but also a supply for the auxiliary
field. Guns and their appurtenances should
be provided und kept on hand for both these
purposes. We havo not today a single gun
that could bo put upon the ships Paris or New
York of the international navigation com
pany or any other ship of our reserved navy.
The manufacturer of guns at the Washington
navy yards is proceeding satisfactorily, and
none of our new ships will bo required to wait
for their guns or ordnance equipments. An
important order has been Issued by the secre
tary of the navy, co-ordinating tho duties of
the several bureaus concerned in the con
struction of ships. This order it is believed
will secure to a greater extent than has here
tofore been possible the harmonious action of
these several bureaus and make the attain
ment of the best results more certain. During
the past fiscal year there has been an unusual
and • pressing demand in many quarters of tho
world for vessels to guard American
interests. In January last during the Brazil
ian Insurrection a large fleet was concentra
ted in the harbor of the Rio do Janeiro. Tho
vigorous action of Rear Admiral Benham In
protecting the personal and commercial rights
of our citizens during the disturbed conditions
afforded results which will, it is believed, have
a far reaching and wholesome influence when
ever In like circumstances it may become nec
essary for our naval commanders to interfere
In behalf of our people in foreign ports.
The war now in progress between China nnd
Japan has rdndcrcd it necessary or expedient
to dispatch eight vessels to those waters.
The report of the secretary of tho interior
exhibits the situation of the numerous and in
teresting branches of the public service con
nected with his department. I commend this
report and the valuable recommendations of
the secretary to the careful attention of the
congress.
'The public land disposed of during the year
amounted to 10.401,008.77 acres, including 28.-
876.05 of Indian lands. It is estimated that the
public domain still remaining amounts to a
little more than 600,000,000 acres, including,
however, about 860,000.000 acres in Alaska as
well as military reservations and railroad and
other selections of land as yet unadjudicated.
The total cash receipts from the sale of lands
amounted to $2,674,285.95, including $91,931.03
received from Indian lands. Thirty-five thou
sand patents were issued for agricultural lands
and thirty-one hundred patents were issued to
Iml inns on allottiicnts of their holdings in
severalty. The land not allotted being inalien
able by the Indians fur a period of twenty-five
years after patent.
There were certified nnd patented on account
of mil road and wagon grants during the year
865,550.45 acres of land, and ut the close of the
year twenty-nine not es are embraced In the
lists of selections made, by railroad men and
wugOtt road companies und awaited settlement.
Tho selections of swamp lands, and that taken
as indemnity therefrom since the passage of
the act providing for the same in 1819, amount
to or nearly or quite eighty million acres, of
which fifty-eight million have been patented
to states. About 188,000 acres were patented
during the last year. Nearly 820,000 acres of
school and education grants were approved
during the year, and at its close 1,250,363.81
acres remained unadjusted.
It appears that the appropriation for tho cur
rent year, on account of special service for tho
protection of the public lands and the timber
thereon, is much less than those for previous
years and inadequate for an efficient perform
ance of tho work. A larger sum of money than
has been appropriated during a number of
years past on tills account has boon returned to
the government as a result, of tho labors of
those employed in the particular service men
tioned, and 1 hope It will not be crippled by an
insufficient appropriation. I fully endorse the
recommendation <>f t he .secret ary that adequate
protection lio provided for our forest reserves
and that ft comprehensevo forestry system be
inaugurated.
At tlie close of tho last, fiscal year, on the
30th day of June,lß94. there were 969.644 persons
on our pension rolls, being a net Increase of
3.532 over the number reported at the end of
the previous year.
These pensions may be classified as follows:
Soldiers and sailors, survivors of till wars,
758,978; widows and relatives of deceased sol
diers, 215.182; army nurses in tho war of tho
rebellion 414. Of these pensioners 32.089 are
surviving soldiers of Indian and other wars
prior to tho lato civil war and the widows or
relative of such soldiers. The remainder, num
bering 937.505 are receiving pensions on account
of the war of tho behellion and of these 469,340
are. on the rolls under the authority of the act
of Juno 27, 1800, sometimes called the depen
dent pension law.
The total amount expended for pensions dur
ing the year was $139,801,461, leaving an unex
pended balance from the sum appropriated of
$25,205,712.
The amount necessary to moot pension ex
penditures for the year ending Juno 30, 1896, is
estimated at $140,000,000.
The commissione r or pensions is of the opin
ion that the year 1805, being the thirtieth after
the close of tho war of the rebellion, must ac
cording to all sensible human calculation see
the highest limit of the pension roll and that
after that year It must begin to decline.
The claims ponding in the bureau havo de
creased more than 90,000 during the year. A
large proportion of the new claims filed are for
increase of pension by those now on the rolls.
Tlie number of certificates issued was 80,213.
The names dropped from tho rolls for all
causes during tho year numbered 37,951.
Among our pensioners are nine widows and
three daughters of tho revolution and forty
five survivors of the war of 1812.
The Imre-faced ami extensive pension frauds
exposed under the direction of tho courageous
and generous veteran soldier now at the head
of the bureau leave no room fur the claim that
no purgation of our pension rolls was needed or
that continued vigilance and prompt action aro
not neces-mry to the same, and the accusation
that on effort to detect pension frauds is evi
dence of unfriendliness towards our worthy vet
erans and a denial of their claims to the gener
cslty of the government, suggests an unfortu
nate' indifference tc the commission of any of
fence which 1 as for iis motive tho issuing of a
pension, and indl' ntlon of a willingness to bo
biin l to the exist ire e of mean and treacherous
crimes which play upon demagoie fears and
make sport of the patriotic Impulse of a grate
ful people. Tlie completion of the olovonth
census is row in charge of tho commissioner of
labor. T.Tj total dtsbaritansants on account of
the work for the fiscal your ending June 30th
1894, amounted sl9 :w,(70.81, at the close of the
year the number | ersons employed In the cen
sus office was 679, ut present there are about
to*. The whole number of volumes not ois ary
to comprehend the 11th census will bo twenty
live and they will contain rrlntcd pages.
The ass nance Is confidently made that before
tho cl* s• of tie ire in ciknar year th j
material still incomplete will bo practically in
hand and the census can certainly be closed by
the 4th of Mar h, 1893. After that the revision
and proof reading necessary to bring out tho
volumes will still be required.
The text of tho census volumes hns boon lih*
lted as far as possible to the analysis of the
statistics presented. This method which isin
accordance with law l.a< caused more or leas
friction and In some instances individual disap
pointment for when tho commissioner of .labor
look charge of the work he found mtqh matter
on hand which according to this rule he was
compelled to discard,
Tho tariff act passed at the last session of
congress needs important aincnodments if Jt is
to be executed effectively and with certainty.
In addition to such necessary amendments as
will not change rates of duty. J am still very
decidedly In favor of putting coal and Iron on
the freo list.
So far as the sugar schedule Is concerned. I
would be glad, under existing aggravations, to
sec every particle of differential duty In favor
of refining sugar stricken out of our tariff law.
If with all the favor now accorded the sugar
refining Interests in our tariff laws It still lan
guishes to the extent of closed refineries ttnd
thousands of discharged workmen, it would
seem to present a hopeless case for reasonable
legislative aid.
During the last month the gold reserved In
the treasury for the purpose of redeeming the
notes of the government circulating as money
in tho hands of the people became so reduced
tnd its further deplot lon In tho near future
seemed so certain that in tho exorcise of prop
er care for tho public welfare it, became nec
essary to replenish this reserve and thus
maintain popular faith In the ability und do-
NO. 47.
mv. i- u. wJL.' .
GLADLY RECOMMENDED
BY A
WELL-KNOWN EDITOR.
Rev. M. 11. Wo'ls. Of the Alabama Christian
Advocate, Birmingham, Ala.. sa\s; “Dr.
King’s Royal (ienueiiict lias been In our
family since its discovery ami Is
THERE TO ABIDE
during our natural Mfo or its retention of
present virtue. Our daughter lias been re
lieved of inherited
NEURALGIA and RHEUMATISM
by its use after the failure of all oilier known
medical and climatic remedies.
• USE ITj CONSTANTLY
for the prevent ion of neuralgia and nervous
prostration. It serves
AS A TONIC
and braces against nervous agitation. I am
glad to commend it.”
(icrinetr.fr is not a nauseous compound, but
a pleasant , refreshing and delight fill drink,
containing no alcohol or opium in any form,
aud is harmless always, for old and young.
SI.OO, G for $5.00. Sold by Druggists.
King’s koyul Uermetuer Cos., Atlanta, (iu.
termination of tho government to meet, ns
agreed, its pecuniary obligations. It would
have been woll If in this emergency authority
had existed, to issue the bonds of tho gov
ernment bearing a low date of Interest und
maturing within a short period, hut the con
gress having failed to confer such authority,
resort was necessarily had to the resumption
net of 1H75, and pursuant to Its provisions
bonds were issued drawing Interest at tho rate
of 5 per cent per annum und maturing ton
years after their issue, that being tho short
oat time authorized by the act. lam glad to
soy, however, that on the sale of these bonds -
the premium received operated to reduce th*
rate of Interest to be paid by the
to loss than 3 per cent. Nothing could
wore or further removed from sensible
that the relations existing between the
rency. The government has issued the
bonds for its redemption and the means whhM
must be resorted to for the purpose
plentßhing such redemption fund when in-9
spired. Even If tho claims upon this func®
were confined to the obligations originally in®
tended and if the redemption of these
tions meant their cancellation tin: fund would®
be very small. 11
But these obligations when read and redeem-J
ed in gold are not canceled but arc
and may do duty several times by way of
Ing gold from the treasury thus we havo
endless chain of oporaiion constantly dep.
pletlng the treasury's gold and never not
final rest as If this was not bad enough
have by a statuatory declaration
it is the policy of tho
To maintain the parity between gold and
ver, aided the force and momentum of this
haustlng urocess, nnd added largely to the ivui ®
rency obligations claiming this peculiar golu
redemption our small gold reserve Is the sub
ject to drain from every side.
The demands that increase our danger also
increase the necessity of protecting this re
serve against depletion and It. is most unsrtts
factory to know that tho protection afforded is
only a temporary palliation. It is perfectly
and palpably plain that the only way under
present conditions by which this reserve when
dangerously depleted can be replenished Is
through tho issue and snle of the bonds of tho
government gold, and yet congress has not
only thus far declined to authorize the Issue of
bonds best suited to such a purpose, but there
seems a dispositions some quarters to deny
both the necessity aud power for tho issue of
bonds at all. 1 cannot for a moment believe
that any of our citizens are deliberately will
ing that tholr government should default In Its
pecuniary obligations or that its financial op
erations should be reduced to a sliver basis.
At any rate I should not feel that my duty was
done If 1 omitted any effort 1 could make to
avert such calamity. As long therefore as no
provlsfon is made for the scheme modifying
present banking laws and providing for the Is
sue of circulating notes by state banks free
from taxation under certain limitations.
It Is proposed to repeal all laws providing
for the deposit of United States bonds as secu
rity for circulation, to permit national banks
to Issue circulating notes not, exceeding in
amount seventy-live per cent, of their paid-up
and impaired capital, provided they deposit
with tho government as a guarantee fund in
United States legal tender notes. Including
treasury notes of 1893, a sum equal In amount
to thirty per cent, of the notes they desire
to Issue this deposit to be maintained at all
times, but when any bank retires any part of
its circulation a proportionate part of its guar
antee fund shall be returned to issue, to per
mit the secretary of the treasury to prepare
and keep on hand ready for issue in ease an in
crease in circulation is desired blank national
notes for each bank having circulation and to
repeal the provisions of the present law Im
posing limitations and restrictions upon banks
desiring to reduce or Increase their circulation
—thus permitting such increase or reduction
within tho limit of seventy-five per cent, of
capital to bo quickly made as emergencies
arise. In addition to the guarantee fund re
quired it is proposed to provide a safety fund
for the immediate redemption of the circulat
ing notes of failed banks by imposing a small
tax, say onc-lialf of one per cent, upon tho
averugo circulation of each bank until tho
funds amounts to five per cent, of tho total cir
culation outstanding.
Each national bank, except in case of a failed
hank shall redeem or retire its nptes In the first
instance at its own office or at agencies to be
maintained on account of deposits.
Another very Important feature of this plan
Is the exemption of state banks from taxation
by tho United States in cases whore it is shown
to tho satisfaction of the secretary of tho treas
ury and comptroller of tho currency hy banks
claiming such exemption that they have*not
had outstanding their circulating note exceed
ing 76 per cent of their paid up and unimpaired
capital, that their stockholder* are Individually
liable for the redemption of their circulating
notes to the full extent of their ownership of
stock; that tho liabilities of said bunks upon
their circulating notes constitutes under their
state law a first lien upon their assets; that
such banks have kept and maintained a guaran
tee fund in United States legal tender notes in
cluding treasury notes of 1890 equal to thirty
per cent of their outstanding circulating notes
when presented at their principal or branch of
fices.
I conclude this communication fully appre
ciating that the responsibility for all legislation
affecting the people of tho United States rests
upon tholr representatives in congress and as
suring them that whether in accordance with
recommendations 1 havo made or not, I shall
he glad to co operate In perfecting any legisla
tion that tends to the prosperity and welfare of
our country.
(Signed) GROVER CLEVELAND,
Ded. 8, 1894, Executive Mansion.
King Alcohol nnd Prince Nicotino
are fastidious epicures. They live on
human bruins.