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THE WASHINGTON GAZETTE. JAS. A. WRIGHT, AGENT. THE WASHINGTON GAZETTE. Terms —Three Dollars a year, in advance Front. the Chester (standard. DR. CASTOR’S LETTER FokiGaikes, Ga., July 13, 1866. , Da. W. 11. Babcock. Mt/Dear Sir .-—Haying recently re-; ceived quite • uurnber of letters from gen- ; jttemen is different parts of South Caroli- | na, and two to day from citizens of your Distirot, making iaquirfes A* to various points oonuectad with ibeeiuigrntion move i ment to Brazil, I will avail myself of the kind oiler of your columns, to present a general reply to these communications. The Government being a limited mon archy, on very much the samq basil* as that of England, and having maintained law and order for nearly fifty years without any serious interruption, guarantees protec- I lion to person and property to all .the in | habitants of tlie Empire o! Brazil. The present war with Paraguay, in which dm Argentine lb-miblies Lave com mon cause with Brazil, is only a source of annoyance by interrupting the navigation of the river Parana; arid tho allied force o having now moved into tho of i the common enemy, if is confidently be lieved that Lopez, the leader of Paraguay, will speedily be reduowij to the necessity of a capitulation. This war attracts but little attention in Brazil, and Lift lor the iuijycs •ion that a course of masterly iu,icyrity would bring Lopez to terms, might have been terminated long since. In most of the industrial ails, and in ag- : jiculture, ri.e Brazilians are behind the U. o. arid with the extension of railroads into the interior, ai;4£ e new impulse which die culture of cotton has received within a yaars, there is an ample for aili*- m >»yl Pfoupra from tUsymuuld jr iff theVitw* or tiie country j and the rtßtospcol of extending the line of railroad 'S*W the inp-iior of the province of Sao Paulo, will not only male a dviisrid for Voiknien upon the hue of operations, hut will develop new enterprises in the adjoin ing country, which must give employment to skilled mcchauiosju, ; vaiiouai' partments. This road has been rmirpioledto a distance of eighty-five miles front Santos, termina ting for the present at luudiatrv ; hut w ith » chaitor and survey for twenty six miles farther to the city of Campemis. At this point a fertile region of country is entered and some of our people have already bought lauds in that vicinity for the cul ture of cotton and other products. 1- .Open lands with some improvements may be had at very reasonable rates, viz; from 82.00 to SO.OO per acre, provided they are not adapted to the culture of cof fee. The more elevated lands, entirely free from frost, are tl.qpe selected for the coffee plantations, an-T though the cod may aot be of better quality than the low- lands, the great importance attached to the coffee drop near a railroad,gives these lands a value ranging from $”5.00 to SIOO.OO per acre when planted in trees of coffee. ’ The great field for industrial onterpisea k to the country lying upon the tributaries cf the river Iguape, which furnishes a jtieans of tranportation by steamboats up so Xinirica, and presents »n extensive fit-id for mechanise dr. the fine facilities at— hided for machinery. There are several families from the South eta States already located in the region ly bet ween the village of Canatieaon the coast and that of Xinirica upon the river Iguape, while a representative of a nutn be' of families from Louisiana has selected tb'l country for their settlement. It is in this territory that lands have been reserved sot us at 22 cents per acre, and with the prfsert prospect of a considerable number of -families transferring their residence to Brazil, I know of no region in which they cad be so well accommodated as in the format lands lying between Cananea and Xisirica. We can there have for indefi— nito extention of cur population, w ith lands adapted to all variety of products, and withal the cheapest and most convenient transportation of products ro market by vat*. Drinking water is abundant and £•4 Tw health of all parts of this province, WASHINGTON, WILKES COUNTY, GA., KRIDAY MORNING. AUGUST 25,1866. where somewhat removed from the coast, is superior to most parts of South Carolina and Georgia, {Hording in this respect the most desirable country to my knowledge. The people of this couutry are not so vigor - ous, nor do they live to so groat an age, as is observed in Brazil. Several very old persons, and others with ruddy complexions, present ing tine specimens of bt.fib y development were seen immediately upon the banks of the river Iguape in the vicinity of Xiniri ea. After descending fifty Dries befew this point the indications for heatlh are not so favorable ; as the lands assume a level, flat character, rendering them ftaUe to overflow. The hanks ol the river above are high and very rarely overflow, while tho adja cent couutry is elevated and undulating, or even in some parts becoming mountainous near the river. At the di stance of six or eight miles in the country, a more regular conformation prevails, aud most of the territory lies very favorably for cultivation.. The superficial ] soil is a dark, grey loam resulting from veg etable decomposition, with a has© of yel low clay, making in combination a mulat to soil of good productive quality. There is found in tho valleys and low lands of this region a dark and almost al luvial deposit which constitutes a very rich soil, and along the river Iguapo the soil as sumes very much the color of wet ashes," having most of the characteristics of the Mississippi bottom lands. - None ( ,f the ter ra rocha is red purple lands, which are so justly prized in other parts of this province, are found up ou tho tributaries of the Iguape river, nor on the other Land at e any oi the naked barren cauipos or open plains seen in this section. The laud is more uniformly of (air qual- taut - ..l aiuaa 4rfemHrtTCirrmtff willattbr'd a TargS 1 settle ilietit and -equitable distribution of land, that will yield all the staples of t|.ia coun try satisfactorily. Corn, rice, bean*, sugar cane, cotton, to bacco, mundioca, and coffee, were seen here growing in great perfection, white the ban ana, tiie orange and the pine apple flourish most abundantly, aud of excellent qual *|y- It is proposed that tho reserved lands may be purchased at 22 cents an acre, each member of a family having the priv ilege of getting three hundred (300) acres, thus affording a largo family a largo do main for extension of operations as the children grow up. There are also--'private lands adjoining these Government lands, which may be bought in any quantity at 88 cents per acre, aud those desiring such au investment can have the privilege of three, four and five years, without interest. In many place3 there are fine sites for machinery, and along the Iguape every planter lias his own rice mill running by water from some of the nume rous small streams which flow into this majestic river. The timber upon these various tributa ries is very abundant, and generally of fine quality for cabinet work, for houses, or for ship building. For the most part ihe wood of the coun try is very hard and does not split well, yet there are specimens of timber found in this region that serve well for fences and a few which may be split into boards. Ditchesjfcave been readied* to, with or without hedges, in places where fencing materia! wa3 not convenient, and thus a permanent enclosure is effected. As there are several grow ths well suited to the con struction of hedges, even making in some instances a protection against hogs as will as cattle, horses and mules, it would be well to resort to this mode of enclosing lands at the very outset. In the vicinity of Iporanga which is thirty miles above Xinirica on the river Iguape, there are very superior lead mines, and extensive deposits of limestone an'* red chalk or stone suitable for pencils. It is also stated that coai has been discovered in this same region, and lower down that iron ore has been found convenient to the river, but I can’t vouch for the two latter from personal observation. This section being only reached by canoes renders the transportation more '.ardy and troublesome though not as expensive as pack mules. Xinirica is the head of steamboat navi gation, and a large wagon road i now be ing opened across the country f oa> this point to the port of CaUßncs, wFfeh will allow of an outlet in either direction for the products of those lot lai.mg near tb t rine of communication. The lanu? tt'hichz'Te re served at my request, are situat'd Q r on this road,and at a convenient dista^ - > for shipment from either port. This read is of such a grade that a railroad may bo built upon the samo line. The climate is pleasant, and tosbera ture not so groat at any time as our sum mer, while it is raio that fro6t ooc rs in winder. The population ate generous and cordial in their welcome of our people to the ofitiu try, and all classes seem to desire that the emigrants shah locate in their section of tho country permanently. Many of the planters in the more populous parts of this province, have proposed to receive fo.to business, men of experience in graving cotton; and if they bring their tools food implements for the culture of the soil, and preparation of the cotton for market,' all e sc w ill be supplied upon the plaoe, allow ing oue half ol nett proceeds of the yet . a operations for their skill and oapafiutey dutiee. For this object persons may cv, u betiur their pecuniary condition by nbfoj- 1 doning ordinary lands here, and removing j every thing necessary for planting to B.V j ail, where the soil is far superior and tie | yield much greater than anywhere in (?ouL i Carolina or Georgia. Cotton yields fre*, 2,000 lbs to 2,500 lbs, and corn from 3C to 40 bu-.dielH,even w ith the deficient ctiltka*. of those people who know nothing of the lisa of the plow, and make very sparing use of the hoe. The increase of prod na tion urnljr ipir aysteiß of* working nipsit W -KT-jfernsrbinr V.Mic-Ghan at pfe-'otir, Vf’i' tho quality of the lint, -now better (!■ tu ours, will also perhaps be improved, 1 feel no hesitation in saying po Lively that any person who has means to engage’’ in agricultural operations in Biazil, may go to the Province of Sao Paulo with the prospect of making double the amount of clear cash annually to wlmt can bo realized by planting here, even under a Better sys tem of labor than at present prevails in tho South. Negro slavery is still the chief reliance for labor in Brazil, and there are frequent opportunities to hire gangs of negroes at fromsso to $75 per head, taking eutire families. Tho number of children iu such gangs is usually much smaller than we have boon accustomed to roe on a planta tion here. In ono lot offered during my visit 1 there were 120 men and boys, 90 women and girls, and 30 children only, who were not able to render service in the field. This gang was offered for $12,500 annual hire, with the privilege of five or ten years contin uance, making not quite SOO per head for those capable of working. A number ol small farmers might combine and hire such a lot, working them together or dividing ! them as might suit their interests. It is a!s > j.i acticahle to hire the common order of people in that country, but they are not very reliable for constant service. An Agent for ilie laboring clisses in Ireland who resides at Kio do Janeiro, lias given me a written statement o! his readi i its to furnis h ns many laborers as may he wanted by our people upon three months notice. With a considerable element iu in this country which will go immediately to work upon reaching Brazil, there in a prospect of securing all labor that may be requisite for entering successfully upon the cultivation of tho soil, and all classes of our people may materially improve their pecunianry condition as well as their polit ical and social condition by the change of resi fence. Brazil being south of the Equator, the seasons are opposite to ours, and the plan ting time for most crops is in October and November, so that any wriio expect to make a crop therefor the coming year must go there very soon. Few of our people can make their arrangements to get off iu time for this, and it will be best for them to cal culate upon leaving here after the gathering of tho crops, so that they may get a better priee for what they must sell, and there will be time eftougb after this, to make the move aud get settled in their new homes for the crop season of another year. Ihe breaking op at one place, and establishing a family in a distant country, will requue consider.able time, fur which all the space between the crop gathering; here > n- \ the next planting seasou there, may not ‘Otre more thau is requisite to aogoiurd'Hh objects. If fcomo reliable business men could ffo ! forward in ad?anoe to locale the lands ior j different families, and mike I arrangements for labor it would servo an j important object. It i3 not yet ascertained at what rates or ! at what time vessels can be secured to ' transport persons and freight, but answers j are daily expected to inquiries eti these | points, and will be furnished for your paper j when received. Tho movements of my friends will influence j very much my personal plans for theremo* j val of my family, bull expect to got off j within two or three months from this date, j aud will render any desired assistance to i such as may go at the same time. The manuscript of my tour and observa tions in Brazil, lias been sent to New York for publication, and it is hoped that it will soon be published to meet the demand for more special information. Very respectfully ydurs, i J.tfcF. GASTON, j WHEN THE GHEEN LEAVES COME AGATN BY JIS AN IMOKLOW. V,' •• - leaves come again, my lov*, rflVcu green leave® come again— Why put on ouch a oloudy face, When green lc.avca come again? “Ah, this spring will be like tho last, Os » rf * ! - is* tiile*c Ui.ti Vuin, .a u<3 “So Blip tUe-eeasoDS—and our lives; ’Tie idle to complain ; But yet I sigh, I acaroe know why, When green leaves come again.” Nay, lift up thankful eyes my sweet? Count equal, Jobs and gain, Because aa long a3 tho world lasts— Green leaves will come again ! For as sure as earth liven under snows, Ami love lives under pain, ’Tisgood to sing with everything— “ When green leaves come ag/iiu.” THE DEV/ DEOPS, BY EDMUND ALTON A. The golden rays aro streaming, O’er tho buds and flowers there, And the drops of dew aro gleaming In the morning’s amber air. Yes, the glittering rays of sunlight Stream down from the azure pky, And those sparkling gems, the dew drops, Are fading beneath the eye. And even the little dew drops, That glisten on every stem, Teach ua the solemn lesson, That we must fade like them. They tell us the old, old story, That was told so long ago, That all traces of earthly glory Must go as the dew drops go. That the glorious beams of sunlight Shall Hrearn from the throne on high, And beneath their refulgent glory— * As the dew drop—we’ll fade and die. Tr.i’u CoqatKßV.—Real courtesy is widely different from the courtesy which blooms only in the sunshine of love and the smile of beauty, and withers and cools down in tho atmosphere of poverty, age and toil. Show me the man who can quit the brilliant society of the young and lis ten to tire kindly voice of age, and hold cheerful converso with one whom years have deprived of charms; show me the man of generous impulses, who is always ready to help the poor and needy; show molho man who treats unprotected maid enhood as he would the heiress, surround, ed by the protection of rank, riches and family; show me the man who never for gets for an instant the delicacy, the respect that is duo to women as women, in any condition or class; show me such a man, and you show me a gentleman—nay, you show me better, you show me a true Christian. Some wi v 63 are so jealous that they don’t like their spouses to embrace a fair opportunity. VOL. 1.-NO. 18. 1 BATHING SCENES AT THE WATERING PLACES— HOW THE FAIR CREATURES LOOK! A writer in the New York Tribune, who has taken a jaunt to Coney l9land | j thus describes the pleasures and draw backs of bathing at that wateripg-place: By midday the bath-houses, wb<ye they hi eg bathing suits, are crowded with appli j cants, mantr of whom are ladies. Yoi) | leave your valuables with the keeper, | snatch up a pair of blue jeans unmen | tiouables, retire to an elegant apartment, filled U P w 'tb a rough pine bench and a buykp*-of salt and -In a lew tno°“ ruentq if y.ou are are transformed from a tolerable-looking, well-dressed young man, into a scrambiii?s, b .l*e-foo£d<J, goose-necked, non-doscript, in comparison with which a Sandwich Island ragmuffln is a Broadway swell. But your natural timidity is lost when you witness the ladies emerge from their bathing closets in their bathing costumes. The transformation, if surprising in your case, is astonishing iu theirs. Fancy a gaudy-plumed paraquet denu ded of its feathers, and then rolled in mud, aud you can have some idea of the appearance of the ladies. They enter the hath house in all the glory of flounoes, crinolines, parasols aud waterfalls; they | coma out of it like so many beggar maids, | with their coarse clothes clinging to their limbs, and their little beads mudu hideous u a ah chy, broad-brimmed hat, which fcaeion atuyj-up in the nose of a ! Farißigifa- pheasant. They ruu fast and j uwkw rdly to the beach iu order to conceal | their nngaiulmess in the waves, and you i follow them for the briny path, iu whose ; glorious luxury almost everything else is ! iObt. hors couteJißiainWN ' (first's, and‘inMr power can be expe ; rijnced in numberless ways. After the | iiis;t plunge, the bather can recline upon the sund, and take the waves in cool, salt ripple., or be can plunge in waist-deep, and run bis chance of being tolled over • aud over again, by the white-capped head rers as they roll iu from mid-ocean, j The ladies look evenlers handsome when | they emerge from the sea, and you don’t : feel like falling in love with one of them. 1 The cheeks and eyebrows of some of them, 1 were well painted' and blackened before j they entered the sea, and they ; came out wonderfully transformed. Black j oyebrows turn blonde, and rosy cheeks | haggard aud pale; but the freshness of the I ocean at the same time, clings to them, and ; tho bloom of health and beauty Is agloam iu their eyes. St. Louis has no hermit, but enjoys the society of a crazy doctor named Chamber i lain, who perambulates the Btreets swing i ing a dead cat by the tail, aud falling in i love with every good-looking woman ho mcctii. His affection runs to interminable ! billet deux, und a person has only to inti mate iu his hearing that he is a terrible ■ fellow among the women to be gleefully invited to smoke A railway is about to be constructed be tween Clonmel, tho chief town of Tippera ry und the town of Dungravcn, in the country of Waterford, passing through i Lismoro. The Duke of Devonshire takes £60,000 worth of shares, and advances a further sum or £60,000 towards the imme diate completion of the work. The sliapo of the bonnets now in vogue : in Paris is called the “Cataline,” and is dia mond form, about three inches square, from ! two corners of which hang ribbons of an , enormous width (about six or eighth inch es, I judge.” The addition of a hen or canvass-back duck, perched on the dia i rnond gives it very recherche appearance. Item fob the Ladies.— Take a string ' that wiil reach twice round the neck of a ! young lady, let bor bold the ends in her mouth ; then, if the noose will slip ovei her bead to the hack of her neck, it is a certain indication that she is married or ' wants to be. Wm. P. Chilton, jr., and Major Bolling Hall are announced as candidates for Con gress in tho Second Alabama Congression. District, for the unexpired term of the late Mr. Freeman.