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THE WASHINGTON GAZETTE BY JAS. A WRIGHT AND HUGH WILSON. THE WASHINGTON GAZETTE. TERMS. —Three Dollar# a year iu advance. ir No Subscript ion# taken for a shorter time than aiz months. LEAKS IN THE HOUSEHOLD. Mrs Haskell, in her recently issued Household Encyclopedia, throws to gether some of the small leak in the household ship, which we copy for a double purpose: 1. To show the men that their wives havo » multi tude of cares of little details to look after—generally far more items than occur in men’s business pursuits. 2 indicate to housewives details such as they perhaps mat cot have thought of before. Much is often wasted in boiling or roasting meats. Unless watched the cook will throw out the water wifflout lotting R cool to take off the fit, or scrape the dripping pan into the swill-pail. This grease is useful in many 'w ays. It can be burned in lamps, mixed with lard ; or if no pork has been boiled with it made into caudles. When pork is boiled alone it will do to fry cakes in if cleaucoii. Again bits of moat arc thrown out which would make hashed meats or hash. The flour is sifted in a wasteful manner, or the bread pan left with dough sticking to it. Pie crust is left and laid by to sour, in stead of used for making a few tarts for tea etc. Cold puddings are con sidered good for nothing, when ofton they can be stcangted for the next day, or in caßeof rice, made over in other forms. Vegetables aro thrown away and" would do for broskfast nicely Disk towels |are thrown down whero mice can destroy them. Soap is loft in water to dissolve, or more is used than is necessary. If Bath brick whiting or rotten stone aro used much is uselessly. Tho scrub bush is left in water, pails scorched by tho stove tubs aud barrels left in the sun to dry and fall apart, chamber pail! al lowed to rust, tins not dried, and iri>u waro rusted ; nice knivea used for cooking iu the kitchen, silver spoons ’■J.M 'rape keU’~, -farki ccad to toast bread. Rinsings of sweet meats and skimmings of which makegood vinegar, are thrown out; cream is allowed to mold and spoil ; mustard to dry in iho pot, and vine gar to corrode tho castor; tea, roasted coffee, pepper and spices, to stand Opon and loose their strength. The molasses jug looses the cork and the flics take possession. Sweetmeats are opened ar.d forgotten. Vinegar is drawn in a basin and allowed to stand till both vtnogar And basin are sjroiled. Sugar is spilled from the sack, and tea from the chest. Differ ent sauoos are made too sweet, and both sauce and sugar are wasted. Dried fruit has not been taken care of in season and becomes wormy. The vinegar on pickles looses strength or leaks out, and pickles become soft. Potatoes in the cellar grow, and the the sprout aro not removed till they j become worthless. Apples decay for j want of looking over. Pork spoils! tor want of salt, and beef because j the brine wants scalding Hams j become tainted or filled with vermin j for the want of right protection. | Dried beef bocoracs so hard it can’t j bo cut. Cheese molds, and is eaten by mice or vermin.—Lard is not veil dried in tbo fail and becomes tainted, j Bones are bnrned that will make soup ! Ashes are thrown out carelessly, en dangering the premises, and being wasted. Servants nave a light and fire burning in the kitchen wbeu they are out in the evenin'g. Brooms are sever hung up, and are soon spoiled. Carpets are swept with stubs hardly fit to the kitchen, and good new for scrubbing. Towels are used iu the place of holders, and good sheets to iron on, taking a fresh one every week, thus 6corcniog near ly all in the house. Fluid, if used, is left uncorked, endangering the house and wasting the alcohol. Caps are left from lamps, rendering the fluid worthless by evaporation. Table linen is thrown carelessly down and is eaten by mice, or put away damp and is mildewed, or the fruit stains washeded in. Table cloths and nap kins used as dish wipers; mats for gotten to be put under the hot dish es; teapots melted by the stove; in these and many other ways a careless and inexperienced housekeeper will waste the hard earned wages of her husband, when she really thinks, be cause she buys no fine clothes, makes the old ones last, and cooks plainly, she is a most superior one. VENTILATION. The great importance of ventilation in our sitting and sleeping rooms, in our schools and public halls, is not sufficiently appreciated. It was well set forth in a recent lecture by a Clev-. eland professor. It is startling to learn the amount of carbonic acid emitted from the lungs of one person, or from a single gas burner; enough to poison the whole atmosphere of a good sized room in a very brief peri od of time. How many persons think that winter temperature demands tbo exclusion of fresh air to make their apartments warm and comTortrbie, when the fact that iu the cold scasoq, we consume more oxygen, and con sequently exhale a greater quantity of the poisonous carbonic seid gas, sfiou Id lead to a directly opposite dfiureo. A bad-room in winter requires mere ventilation than in. simmer, and t“e non-observance of this tact w:l' rea dily account for the avTul diseases to which frail humanity is subject. We vender if any of our readers arc aware of the poisonous exhala tions incident to a congregation of their “fellow cit : zonc,” in ball rooms, churches, and lecture halls. If they havo not fully considered the vast im portance of thorough ventilation, let them take these undeniable facts home to their serious thoughts. A person iu health has eighteen breath ings per minute, and thirty-five hogs heads of air pass through the lungs in tweuty-four hours. 01 this, from three to fivo per cont. or about two end a balf hogsheads is exhaled as carbonic acid gas, and thus one per son would render tv.o or three hogs heade of air for IroatLir.' again. Let every poison anxious for the p c servation of his health.take care that tho windows of tho dormitor! r - e dropped a little, even during the win ter nights. There is far 1<>:~ danger of taking cold than there is of inha ling the noxious atmosphere, \. hkh saps the health, undermines the con stitution, and embitters life »7ith suf fering and disease hut night .(we been avoided. WHO NAMED OUR COLLEGES ? Wo find that a large number of our colleges have rjccived thoir names from some prominent men who Lave liberally endowed them. A great many bear the name of tho town or state in which they are situated. We have looked up the following list of some of the most prominent colleges of our country: Harvard uollege was named after John Harvard, who in 1638 left to the college £779 and a library of over 300 b 'oks. Williams College was named after Col. Ephraim Williams, a soldier of tho old French war. Dartmouth College was named af ler Lord Dartmouth, who subscribed a large amount and was president ol the first board of trustees, j Brown University received it* | from Hon. Nicholas Brown, who was { a graduate of the coikge, went into j business, became very wealthy and endowed the collego very largely. Columbia College was called King’s College till tho close of tbo war for independence, when it received the j name of Colombia, j Bowdoin Collego was nr.rted after Governor Bowdoin of Maine. Yale Collego wa: armed after Eli hu Yule, who made very liberal dona tions to the College. Colby University, formerly A l , ater ville College, was named after Mr. Colby of BostoD, who gave 850,000 to the college in 1800. Dickinson Collego received its name from Hon. John Dickinson. He made a very liberal donation to the college, and was president of the board of trustees for a number of years.—Col lege Courant. A Rule von Talkers. —No one who wishes that conversation should be pleas ant to his neighbors as well es himself, should speak more than two or three sen tences at once. However much he may have to say, it will be all the more agreea bly said for gluing others the opportunity of assenting, illustrating, qualifying, or even contradicting. The ball needs to be returned by the opposite player to make a lively game. Prentice speaks of Ben. Wade as hav ng his cheeks distended with oaths, like a kuirrel’a with a hickory nut. WASHINGTON, WILKES CljtfNTt, GA, FRIDAY, JUNE 19, 1868. CALIFORNIA. The following is a copy of a letter re ceived by a gentleman of this District; from Dr. H. H. ’Poland, an old resident of this city: San Francisco, March 28. I was pleased to hear from you, as I al ways am from any old acquaintance from Columbia. If you were a farmer, and not a business man, I would encourage you to come to California. This is the hast agricultural country in the world, and if you bavo means enough to buy a farm, you can make not ouly a living, but a com petency in a sow years. So many persons arrive here every steamer, that it.is almost impossible to obtain a desirable situation in this city. I a large ranch oa the Sacramento Hirer, upon which I havo on agrr.t, who has been in my employ for fourteen years, and to whom I am indebted for almost everything I havo. He has charge ot'all my business, and Ido not think I could dispense with his services, , without great pecuniary los«. Good land |can be obtained at one dollar and a quarter |in greenbacks—land that wi.l yield from 1 12 to 30 bushels ot wheat per acre—and there is no difficulty in obtaining reliable laborer;. This k. not a country infested with negroes. It belongs to white men, and Southerners aro in the ascendancy. Independent of the mines, it is the finest country ip the United States. Beets are as large at a flour sack, cabbages weigh 45 or 50 pounds, and 1 have gathered 91 bushels of barley to the acre. Any person who is willing to work, or has the means to buy and stock a small farm, can make a good liviug—the laud is so exceedingly fertile. I have a farm of 12,000 aeres, and ain now preparing to plant 2,000 of i wheat next fall: and if ycu will come, I v. ill rent land that will yield 30 bushels of wheat to the acre, for on" fifth of the pro cecda, or yield. Four horses, worlti S4O a head, v ith a gang plow, will break five scr.js a uay, which should be done in the spring, and tho wheat planted bsfrro the ! first rata la the fa'l. Having no min du ring tiie summer, the wheat is removed from the ground by a header, threshed and bagged in the held, and sent to market, without incurring tq- slightest;irk :( bring injured by tain; m consequence of which, California wheat commands a b- ’ter price, both in New York and Europe, than even that raised in the Tennessee Valley. In the Southern portion of this State, grapes, almonds and oranges, arc as lino ns in tho tropics ; and oven there, the inhabitants are not afflicted with fever, which is eo dis tressing and dangerous in tropical coun tries. Corn, barley, oats, etc, can be raised there abundantly, but wheat is liable to rust, which sometimes is injurious, aud diminisheajlie yield. Should you conclude to come, I will give all the assistance I can, to enable you to obtain inf irnvhlion by which you can make yourself comfortable. I am, yours truly, 11. H. TOLAND. — Pho'nix. The Dangers op Benzine. —Our lady readers, rays tho Journal of Che -nistry, should bo informed that the Hquid celled benzine, which they use ro freely for removing grease and ztains from clothing, ir. a very dan gerous article. It is cr.o of tho sub stances distilled from petroloum, and is highly volatijo, inflammable, and, when the vapor is mixed with air, ex plosive. We havo been much alarm ed, upon visiting neighbors and friends in tbo evening, to observe a phial of this fluid standing in close proximity with n iafbp, or gas frame, and the ocior pervading the room. Avery small quantity ie capable of doing ir reparable mischief. The contents of a four-ounce phial, if overturned aud evaporized, would render tbo air of a moderate-sized room explosive; or, if ignited, a whole family might bo se riously burned, or lose their lives from it. It should never be used in the vi cinity of a flame ; and it is important to remember, that through the medi um of the escaping vapor, when tbe phial is uncorked, flame will leap to it through a space of several feet. Ben zine is often sold under various fanci ful names; and therefore any article procuied from druggists for removing oil or grease from fabrics should be handled with the utmost care. How to Keep Meat Fbesh.— Simply immorse it in buttermilk. This will keep it for several days, when the milk should be changed, and fresh milk substituted. In this way beef, veal, etc., can be kept for several weeks, aud it wifi be as sweet and fresb at tbe end of that time as when first put in’. Our butcher fur nished us' with the recoipt. The whole neighborhood is now saving its ’ meat in this way. It is equally effi -1 aoious in th« hottest weather. THE Kt'BIfST EOXAMTT. IfTe natur.i for the human heart to ad mire touches human feeling in its great ones, even n* ro than deeds of darrag and heroism. When Mevbal M’Mahon was entering Paris in triu- ph after the battle of Ma gonta, a litti whito-robad girl in the throng adrar. ed to present him with a! huge bouqw*’" He took the littlo oue up I and stood IV . before him on the saddle, and not all L. deeds of heroic valor ever called forth eh shouts of applause as this simple act. the child wound one little arm about hi nock, and kissed again and iignin the br* ,zed face of the warrior, who returned h«\ earesses with 8 father’s ten derness. Fan that moment he was dou bly tho idol of tho enthusiastic multitude. They looked for bravery, but hardly for tenderness love in their proud general. When Sjtfphilip Sydney, after being wounded at the battle of Zutphen, was retiring to tMronrop, he was almost over come by lb, oppressive beat and tho fever which his <,.iod occasioned. Calling for a drink of water to quench his consumjoc thirst, a soh& with great difficulty cured one for Mm. Just as he was raising it to his tiyuJk poor wounded soldier was borne by, turned his r.yoi most wish fully towaw tbe cooling draught. In stantly pasJftg the bottle down to him, ho said, “Thy iiecessity is yet greater than mioe.” j! We marffrrget bow greatly be bore hioieelf onayo battlefield; how, when one horse after Ji.otbor was shot under him he raoun'efet second and a third ; but we will not forgbt bis humanity to a poor suf fering soldier, and that, too, at such a sac rifice to biitwlf. There is no pbysioal tor ture, it is sied, greater than that of con suming thi* when there is no means of relieving L * Soldiers will often risk their liv i to ?rosye a draught of water. Yet this humanity is never found in its highest pi--lotion exoept where the heart | has beet, received by the grace of Christ. | 'ii t It viyßni or Seep. —la there I upon cart W machine, if there r prl j aw, in lu| ; dfron a vlifcU con y- **rs.s .is Wi|<u'e,hful an is inclosed ffi a single little seed—ono j grain of corn, one small seed of a tree, j picked up, perhaps, by r sparrow for her little ones, the smallest of a poppy or bluebell, or even one of the coeds that are eo email that they float about in the air, invisible to our eyes? Ah! there is a world of marvel and bril liant beauties bidden in each of there tiny seeds. About a hundred and fifty years ago tbo ccdebruted Linnaeus, who was culled “the father of botany,” reck oned about r,OOO different -kinds of plunta, and he then thought that tho whole number exieting could not ox ceed 10,000. But a hundred years af ter him, M. do Candolle, of Genova described forty thousand kinds of plants, and he supposed it possible that the number might even amount to 100,000. Well, have theso 100,000 kinds of plants over failed to boar tbe right kind of seed? Havo they ever de ceived ns 7 lias a seed of wheat e?or yielded barley, or the seed of a poppy grownup into a eunflower? Has a sycamore tree ever sprung from an acorn, or a beech tree from a chest nut? A liitlo bird may’ carry away tbe small seed of the sycamore in its beak to iced its nestlings, and on tbe way may drop it on tbe ground. The tiny seed may spring up and grow whore it fell unnoticed, a magnificent tree, under which tbe flocks of the valleys, and their shepherds may rest in the shades. —Rural New Yorker. Lost Tike. —Lot any man pass an evening in vacant idleness, or even in reading some silly tale, and compare the state of bis mind when be goes to sleep, or gets np next morning, with its state some other day, when be has spent a few hours in going throngh tbe proofs, by facts and reasoning, of some oi the great doctrines in natural science, learning truths wholly new to him, and satisfying himself by careful examination of tbe grounds on which.known truths rest, eo as to be not only aequainted with the doctrines thera -olves, but able to show why he believes them, and to prove before others that they are true, aad he will find great difference between looking back upon time unprofit ably wasted and time spent in self-improve ment. He will feel, in one case, listless and dissatisfied; iu the other, comfortable and! happy. In tbe one case, if he did not appear to himself humble, at least he willbot bate earned any claims to bis own respect; in tbe other case, he will enjoy a proud consciousness of having by his own exertion* become a wiser, and, therefore, a more exalted nature. LITTLE FANNY’S PEACE Littlo Fanny came bounding out in to the garden where Aunt Rosamond was sitting under the grape-vine ar bour. “See what a large, nice peach I havo,” she said, holding it up in her chubby hand. “Isn’t it splendid. Mamma had just two of them, and she gave them to Freddy aud me. “What did poor mamma do ?” ask ed Aunt Rosa, as she went quietly on with her crotcGoting. “O, mamma dosen’t like such things,” said little Fanny quite- eori ouuly. ' “Why doyou think so, my dear?’’ “Because she always gives every thing nice to Freddy and mo. So you know she can’t like them very much “I do not know that at all. I am sure she likes ripp, juicy peaches vory much, and 1 know that, now she is not well and strong as sbo used to l>e, they are very good for her indeed. It is not because mother dont like and need such things, Finny that she gives them to you, because she loves ho / dear littlo children more than then, and loves to see them pleased and happy. Do you not think it is a littlo solfish to elwuys tuku her nice things, evon when she is bo kind as to give them to you? especially when she needs them so much ? Sb. uld not you begin to take some thought for your dear mother ?’’ Funny saw plainly enough the point of all these remarks, but she looked hard ut her nice yellow peach before she could make up her mind to give it up. “It will be no use to over make art offering that is not done cheerfully It would give mothor no pleasure. But if sbo really felt her little daugh ter actually wished hor to enjoy tbe poach herself, I know it would give j her more pleasure than tho finest | fruit ia tbe world. It, would show i that her child was growing more un j‘ nl ;>h and more considerate of tho “•’FIG uufcfc thsir x.-bhe/’a*” The struggle in Fanny’s bosom was a short one, and then, with a glowing fuec, she went bounding buck over tbe path she had como, and fol ding up tho poach in her mother’s hand, she beggod her to oat it right away. “Indeed, dear mamma, I cannot be ~o selfish any more, as to take every thing nice from you. We’ll share and share aliko’—and this is your share nowand then she danced away again as happy as a lark. I am sure there was a pleasant bird note sounding in her mother’s bosom too. CLEANING HOUSE. Clean bedsteads thoroughly in March or April, with salt and wator; dust them with Persian powdor (gen nine) or apply corrosive sublimate with a feather to every crack and crevice, and you will not bo haunted by vermin. In cleaning closets, first remove evory thing from them, and hang tho clothing out to air. Sweep, dust and scrub them well; fill up holeß, if there are any, with a mix ture of chloride of lime a> and putty, dust Persian powder upon all tho ledg es and into the interstices, and you will be free of roaches, moths uud bugs for tbe summer. In cleaning rooms tho same rule applies. Clean well, fill up holes and crevices, dust powdor round the lodg es, and motbs and mice will disappear or lake refuge in the cellar, whence a good cat or a little chloride of lime (ured dry) will soon dislodge them There is no need for any house to be troubled at all with vermin. Toe proper means and a little care at the right time will prevent infinite annoy ancos afterward, and much destruc tion of property. Remember, soap should never be used upon grained wood; cold ton cleans it best of anything. Never iron lace window curtains, and bo careful not to make them blue with indigo. Stretch them upon a mattress to dry, pinning down care fully tbe extreme edge oi every point or scollop. In starching clothes, mix raw starch with water and pour boiling water upon it, but do not boil tbe starch. It will take about half tbe usual quan tity. Stir it round with a little end ot spermaoeti candle to make it iron glouy. VOL III —NO. 9- TIDE MARKS. It was low tide when we went down to Bristol, and the great gray rocks stood up, bare, and grim, above the water; but hick up, on all their soles, was a black Tine, that seemed dry, though it was fur above the wa ter. “What makes that black mark on the rocks?” I a-ked of my friend. “Oh; that is the tide mark,” she replied. “Every day when tbe tide comes in, the water rises and rises, until it reaches 'that liee, and in a great many years it has worn away the stone unlit the mark is cut into tbe rook.” ’ , “ “O,” thought I, “that is all Well, 1 have seen a great many pu©- ple that carried tide marks on their faces. Right in front of me was a pretty little girl, with delicate featur es, and pleasant blue eyes. But she bad some queer little marks on h»r forehead, and 1 wondered how they came to be there, until presently her mother said: “Shut down tho blind now, Carrie, tbe sun shines right in baby,s face.” “I want to look out,” said Carrie, in a vory peevish voioe. But her mother insisted, andC arrie shut the blind, and turned ber face away from the window. Oh dear me 1 wbat a face it was 1 Tbo blue eyes were full of frowns instead of smiles, the pleasant lips were drawn up in a ugly pout, and the queer little maiks on ber forehead had deepened mto actual wrickles. ‘ Poor little girl,” I thought, “how bad you will feel when yon grow up, to have your face marked all over with the tides of passion ;” for these evil tompers leave their marks just assmely as the ocean does, and I have seen many a face stamped so so deeply with self-will and covetous ness, that it innsl carry the mark to the grave. Take care, littlo folks! and when ever you give away to bud temper, remember tho ‘-tide marks." THE STOMACH AND THE MIND. Much of our conduct depends, no doubt, upon the character of the loud we eat. Perhaps, indeed, the nature o* meals governs the nature of our impulse mere than we are inclined to admit, beciu-e none of us relish well the abandonment, of our idea of free ageriey. Bonaparte used to attribute the loss of one of bis battles to a poor dinner, which, at the time, dis turbed his digestion ; how rn my of outs misjudgoientH—how many of our dr.ibcr ate errors—bow many of our unkmdness es, our cruelties, our acts of thoughtless ness and recklessness, may be actually owing to a cause of the same character f We eat something that deranges the con dition of the Through the stom ach nerve that imrondi dely n Heels the brain. Moroseness succeeds amiabillity; and under its influence we do that, which would shock our sensibility at any other moment. Or perhaps a gastric irregularity is the common result of an over-indulgence in wholesome food, or a moderate indulgence in unsuitable food. The liver is afflicted. In this affliction the biain profoundly sympathizes. The tem per is soured ; the understanding is nnr towed ; prejudices are strengthened ; gen erous impulses are Bubdued; selfishness, originated by physical disturbances, which perpetually distract the mind’s attention, becomes a chronic menial di-order; the feelmg of charity dies out; we live (or ourselves alone ; we have no care for oth ers. And all this change of oalure kt Abe consequence of an injudicious diet. A Few Words to a Father. —Take your son for a companion whenever you conveniently can ; it will relieve tbe alrea dy over burdened, anxious mother of so much care. It will gratify the boy; it will please the mother; it certainly ought to he a pleasure to you. What mother’s eye would not brighten when' her child is fondly eared for? And when hi* eye kindles his heart beats, and his tongue prat'les faster and faster With the idea “of going with father,” does she not share her little boy’-, happiness, and ia not her love deepened by her nusband’s consideration, so ju.;t, arid yet too often so extraordinary f It will keep him and you out of places society, arid temptation into which sepa rately ywu n.igbt rn’er. It will establi-h couti-h-nce, sympathy, esteem, and l- vo be tween vou. it will give you abundant aad very favorable opportunities to impart in struction, to intuse aud cultivate noble principles, aud to develop and strengthen a true mauhood. It will enable him to “see the world,” and to enjoy a certain lib erty which may prevent that future iioen ti ousness which so often results from a sud den freedom from long restraint.