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THE WASHINGTON GAZETTE. VOL. XX. SIGNS OF PROGRESS. Th* Application, for Offio* Compared With tho Oruab at Garfield's Inau- Oraration. Great as is the rush for office in Washington it is neither no great nor so eager m it was four years ago. If any one will take the trouble to turn back to the files of the daily news papers for four months of Garfield's administration, he will find them filled with accounts of the doings of the crowd of office-seekers at Wasli tnn. He will read that they swarmed upon the President so persistently 'that he was unable to attend to his pnbde duties, and that their constant appeals far places, were seriously un dermining his health ;lhat nail to the President, Hr. Secretary Dlaine was the greatest auffercr because of his thousands of persoua! friends, all ol whom had somehow come to under stand that he was to “give them some thing” when ha cirno into power; that every member of the Cabinet was in a state of seige, which made life for him a burden and the administra tion af the public’s business an im possibility. vTbie condition of affairs was not limited by the first few weeks -of Garfield's administration, but grew worse and worse with each subse quent week, until it culminated in his murder by a disappointed officer-seek er, whose weak head had been turned by the angry ravings of other disap pointed officer-seekers. There is nothing to fierce as this struggle of 1881 in progress at Wash ton now. The office-seeker is there iu force and he is making a nuisance of himself as usual, but the President and the Secretary of state are not so badly persecuted at is the Postmaster General. The solid South, which was expecio I to come to Washington in a body is scarcely represented at all. The chief rush is for the post offices ■Of tha w—o. oswi to like ly to be over within a short time. The impression is geiliug abroad among all applicant* for office-that, the President •‘has gone back on them,” and is going to keep hit word about civil tervice reform ; that he ia not in a harry abnut making appoint ment* and that a week’s sojourn in 'Washington may end in nothing but failure and the payment of a board bill A struggle for office under these con ditions is certain to hare one result— the gradnai disappearance of the be siegers. President Clersland has only to be faithful to his professions in order to win. He has great adranlage over bis predecessors in the shield which the civil service lawgiver bin. 80 long as he stands inflexibly by that he is safe. No impartial observer, look ing back now at Garfield's sad exper ience, can fall to see that every conces sion which he made to the office-seek ing class added to his difficulties. Though there was no civil service in force when he came into office, he was the professed friend of civil ser vice reform was and pledged to carry itforward in his administration and committed himself in his inaugural address in favor of a fixed tenure in office as a “protection against the waste of time and obstruction to the public business caused by (he inordinate pressure for place.” Vet his first important appointments were not sucb as to encourage civil service reformers or to discourage the place hunters. On March 23, while the pressure upon his administration was at furious as it had baen at the very outset of histerm,hesenl to the Senate batch of fifteen important nominations among which were the following: For Collector of the port of New York William H. Robertson; for solicit r General, William E. Chandler; for Commieeioner of Indian Affiaire Thomas M. Nichoi. In order lo create a “place” for Mr. Robertaon General, ritt whose term as Collector had ot expjred, wa* made Conan) General in 1 unden, and General Badaan, who was Consul General in London, waa made Charge d’Affaires at Denmark. The wholecountry recognized in theae appointments an abandonment of the civil service reform principle. One of them led to the most bitlerfatclon al quarrel in the history of the coun try, which did not end even in the death of the President himself. Anoth er, that of Chandler was rejecled by the Senate. Their effect upon the office-seekers was unmistakable. They added to the beat of the struggle for place and to the bitterness of the con tending factions within the party it- self. The appointment about the same time, of Stanley Matthews to the supreme bench,aflef his appoint ment by President Hayes had been rejected, had a similar efftet. Sub sequently also a faithful and efficient Commissioner of Pensions was re moved to make a “place” for Colouel Dudley, who Lad becu useful in “carrying Indiana,” and wholesale changes based upon a similar recog nition of value received, were made in the consular service. Every addi tional conccsnoii added fuel to the flame, and Hie host of office-seekers was almost as great three months af ter inauguiition as it was during the first niou llf There Is a lesson Jn this experience for Pr*idrnl-Cleveland and his ad visers, and we are confident that it is scarcely necessary to call their atien- it. The short interviews which have been published with all the members of the Cabinet shew them l® be without exception cord'allv in sympathy with the President in his civil service reform attitude. Fortu nately we are in no doubt about his ability sr his inclination to keep his pledges. His course as Mayor and Governor is a sufficient evidence of both. The hungry crowd in Wash ington are a very small part of the President's political party aud a still smaller part of the American people. They will find it out very soon and go home, for every slow-coming ap pointment will add, wo are firmly con vinceti, to their disappointment. CLOTHING MADE OF SUM. Several years ago a Pittsburg glass manufacturer announced that* meth od had been discovered, by means of which glass could be spun so fine as to be manufactured into cloHiet for Wraps and dresses. This cloth is mantifaclufed In small quantities and i# too ex pensive to become rt/v pop ular. IPse.te at" tw*ihy~duitfa.-( per yard. Th# proprietor* are receipl of hundred* of letters from All parts of th* world from people eager Tor a description of th* article. A eample of glase elolh sent to a prominent dry good* house in New York was re turned to the Manufactory with the request that no more be sent, aa the crowd* who came to leek at it re tarded business. Davenport and Em ma Abbott each visited the factory and talked of baying the texture for use upon the stage. P. T. Barnum negotiated with th* mannfactnrers for a complete outfit for the late Tom Thumb and his wife, but did not ef fort a purchase on accoant of the price asked. The glass cloth is a triumph of genins. and the Pittsburg firm think that in the future, if glass material become* cheaper, this article will farm th* baaia of many hand some cost nine*. Ttia now Attorney-General hss followed Secretary Lamar’s example in ordering the immediate sale al public auction of the superfiens horses carriages and equipment belonging to the stables of his department. With the exception of the few animals and carts actually needed for trucking purposes, the establishment founded a dozen years ago' by Landaußt Wil liams is to be knocked down, article by article, the highest bidder, and the proceeds arc to be covered into the Treasnry. The tax sating steeds of Justice are to go. The cushioned vehicles of Justice and the silver mounted harnesses, the lap robes, the whips, the blankets, and the curry combs, which for years have repre sented to the extent of theircost price the misappropriation of money be longing to the people, are to be told for what they will bring, in order that restitution may be made at far aeia possible. This action on the part of Mr. Garland encouragss us to believe that he has a clearer concep tion of the distinction between the poblic parse and bis private pocket book than has been possessed by any Attorney-General sines Akerman. —New York Son. Encouraged by the removal of the boomers from Oklohoma lands, the Cherokee Indians have determined to try to have the hundreds of intruding whites who have settled on their re servation expelled. Those who can not prove their right to reside among the Indians will soon have to get back to the States, and the Territory will doubtless be benefited by their absence. WASHINGTON, GA., FRIDAY, APRIL 3, 1885. THE FBIOK or CORN LANS. Th# practical exhaustion of the supply of public agricultural land has caused an advance in the value of all de.criptione of fanning land. This increase in value is greatest in good corn lands, and the least in strictly small-grain lauds. The development of foreign wheat fields has depressed the wheat growing industry of America, and caused wheat land to hang sluggish ly on the hands of the owliers. Corn laud ia almost invariably good wheat land, but wheat land ia not always good corn land. In other words, wheat has a much wider lat itude of growth than corn. It will grow to perfect maturity on lands of lofty altitude and decided aridity where corn would languish for want of moisture and succumb to early frosts. In regions of the west which border on the arid zone.it has been ascertain ed by costly experiment that the bot tom lands only are suitable for corn. The rapid drainage of the upland renders them too dry for the young plants to withstand the droughts to which the whole territory lying next east of the arid belt Is liable every summer. But before these drouths and accompanying south west winds have set in, tha wheat crop is made. 80, while these high lying lands ate excellent for wheat they are almost worthless for corn production, and the agricultural in dustries that are based on corn can not be remuneratively conducted on them. The loud complaint of American emigrants who are hunting homes along the Western border is that they cannot find vacant corn land. The majority of these men were raised in the corn belt. They are edu cated to believe that corn is the most useful grain that grows. , They ow that corn farmers can subsist fheir families and fatten their ani .fnais for market; and aise that it is the only cereal in the cultivation and harvesting of which one man can do ail the work. A settler who is struggling to secure a heme can, if on corn land, plough forty acres, plant it, caltlvate it, and lay it by in t'ra# to find employment for himselfand team during the wheat harvest, when the stress ef secur ing the (battered grain creates a keen competition between wheat growers for labor, and causes high wages be paid. Wherever extensive areas are sown in wheat, high wages rule from the instant the headers and self-binders are put in motion, un til the hum ofthreshing is silenced. Corn is raised from low price la bor. The crop is made before the small grain preas fer harvest. It is harvested after the fall crops are sown* and indeed, in many cases not until the next spring. When we consider the easo and cheapness with which the corn crop is grown and secured in the corn bell, and the certain profit- that can be derived from the grain by feeding te hogs and cattle, the affection and appreci ation western agriculturalists have for good corn land, are easily under stood. There ia no other cists ot property in the United States that has increas ed in value during the laatten year* a* rapidly a* good corn land*. And it has mattered but little In what part of the corn bell they lie, ascattls can be cheaply transported to any farm within the belt, and hogs can bo raised throughout the region. Land lying far west of the Lower Missouri River 'hat it known to bo sure corn land, and that conid have been bought for $lO per acre ton year* ago, is now held stiffly at from S3O to S4O per acre; and if it lies near a a town where railroads supply shipping facilities, and advantages for the t. rmers’ children, it it readily sold at price* varying from S6O to SBO per acre. The uniformlv high price of land thronghontthe corn belt is begin ning to attract attention. The fact that the yield of an acre of corn can be compactly condensed into one steer and one hog makes up for the drawbacks that result from market; and that part of the corn belt—the vallev land only— that lies next cast of the arid zone is blessed with a dry winter, and very little feed is wasted in that re gion by being tramped into the mad. Cattle feeders assert that the saving of feed effected in the Western portion of the corn belt, and the better con dition of the cattle there, more than counterbalance the expenses that result from its remoteness from mar ket. The contrary it the case with the Western wheat lands. Each ad ditional mile from market deducts from tho scanty profits—if any at all remain since India-grown wheat has entered the British markets. There was probably not a safer or more remunerative Investment in the United fclaies than tho purchase of good oorn lauds. Throughout (he corn belt the streams are bridged, school houses and other public build ings are built, and, generally, the public improvements hare been paid for. The rate o* taxation is very low, When tho actual value of tho land is consluored. The population of the West hah become sufficiently dense to enable eoni-laud owners to rent their holding! at rates that assure from five to eight percent, interest on the investment. Good corn land rents tor froiM“.so to |f* per acre. As the country become* more densely In habited, and the consumption of neat product* increased, the rents demand ed ahj pad for corn land will un doubted hi increase. NEV SIGNALS ON OABS. The hell cord has been removed from nearly all the trains of the Pennsylvania railroad, and a patent air-tube system ot signaling has bee 1 substituted. Each car has a rubber Itibo mining under the bottom, and these are connected botween th# car* in the same way as the Westing house air-brake tubes. They are kept charged with air at fifteen pounds pressure from a reservoir situated under tho cab of the engine, aud which laitaelf supplied from the air brake reservoir. The rubber tube is also with a whistle valve in I Wd>. Tlie’c*|,,.jCctoi by hi Ihe car opens a vslvsiniie rubt*r'lube and allows the ainto escape. This relieves the pressutV on the whistle valve and throws i I open, causing the whistle to sound. So long as the cord is held the whirls will sound. One whistle means the train is broken. The same offect would be caused if the rubber lube was broken, and the engineer would thus be informed at once ef the accident. The new device is not pop ular among the trainmen ; but, al though it is very costly, the officers of the road are substituting it for the hell rope. The fault of the ball rope is that it is apt to get too slack or to gel broken.—New York Sun. THE D Oil KEY THAT WO U LET T EBAY Once upon a time a donkey fell in to a deep hole and, after nearly starving, caught sight of a passing fox, and implored the stranger to help him out. “I am 100 small (o aid you,” said Ihe fox, “but I will give you some good advice. Onlr a few rods away ia a big, strong elephant. Call to him and he will get you outin a jiffy.” After the fox had gone the donkey thus reasoned: “I am very weak fir want of nousishment. Every move I make is just so mncli additional loss of strength. If I raise my voice to call the elephant I shall bs weaker yet. No, I will not waste mv sub stance ifcit way. It it the duty of the elephant to come without call ing. So the donkey settled himself back and eventually starved to death. Long afterward the fox on passing the hole taw within it a whitened skeleton, and remarked: “If it be that the onls of animals are trans migrated into men, that donkey will becdtne one of those merchants who cansiev*r afford to advertise.” —PhiltdeiphE Call. According to the best information that can be obtained from Washington the greatest rush of applicants for of fice doe* not come from the South nor from the Northern Democratic States but frem such staunch Republican States as Ohio, Pennsylvania and Massachusetts. Of course the appli cant* from these States are nearly all Democrats. Seoing so many of their Republican neighbors fattening oil government pap for the past quarter ot a cenliiyy has whetted their appe tites for office. The daii* receipts at the the New Orleans Exposition average about $4,- 000. \ TUT CONE HIGH. Tha Barlv Fmits'Oomiaar Into Market at Hi*h Bates. Cnlcago Hem. “Strawberries? Oh, yes, straw berries are getting to be quite cheap now,” aaid the Clark street fine-fruit* er. We have tome choice ones here from Florida, and they are now sel ling for sl.lO a quart. Only a few weeks ago they brought $2.50, so you sss they are quits cheap.” “Are there any other berries in the market now ?” “No, and there wit! not be for some little time. A* I said before, these berries are from Florida. I expect to be getting the fruit from Charleston, 8. C., in about three weeks and from Georgia by May 1. I am selling a good many Florida tomatoes now at Irorn 20 cent# to 40 cents a pound, and excellent cucumbers from the same place a tfrom $2.50 to $3 a dozen.” “Hare ia something out of tho us ual run at at this season,” continued the fruiterer, a* he took from a case "a box of elegant grapes. “They are a special order lor a select party. They were grown iu a hot house on the banks of the Hudson. I hare just sent another order for some for a North Side lady. What are they worth? Six dollars a pound, and I don't make a make a cent on them.” It seems that the stock of Spanish grapes in the market is about ex hausted, and the price for the best is now from 70 cents tnfl a pound. There is a good demand, for them at these figures, for no reelly recherche banquet or private party is complete without them. The same is true ot th* delicious California butter pcara so popular last fall. They are so-called because they melt in one’s mouth. The fruiterer cut one in two and presented a slice to the reporter with the remark that the present price was f1.50’ per dozen. ‘ Pine ap ples have commenced to come ia, and choice ones bring from 40 cents to 60 cants each. Th# conversation then turned on orangot. “Which variety do you call the best r was asked. “The Indian River (/lorida) oranges by all odds. They are the benton of all, so to speak. They are so good and are to largely called for that many unacrupnlouafruitereraare palming off their varieliea on con sumers and calling them Indian Ri vera. The genuine are aeiling at from 75 cents to $1 a dozen.” “And where do the best oranges comes frem, taking them altogether?" “From Florida. Of course, I don’t mran to say that all Florida oranges are good, but they average better. Take the California varieties, for in stance. They are better than the im ported enes to be sure, but in sweet ness and lack of seeds they cannot compare te those of the South. The California* are at pretty fruit, but not up lo the others. The market is flooded with them now. A frost set in the orange belt and the growers got scared, picked them in a green stale and are rushing ihem into the large cities.” “Hero is an odd variety frem Flori da,” he continued, picking up a small bright yellew orange. “It is called th# Bf. Michaels. They are used greatly In England, and a Florida planter got seme enttings from St. Michaels and started to raising them. He has made quite a success of it. “Florida mangariness and tanger ines are ont of the market now, but we are importing the Spanish variety. They are salting all the way from 60 cents lo $1.60 a dozen, according to size. They are used at luncheon parties. The latest craze fer the luncheons, however, is stuffed datee." The pit i* first removed, and inside le placed not meats of all kinds, such a* hickorynnt, walnut, peanut, and others. They are quite the rage now.” A Providence grocer,who sold an ar ticle on credit,and forgot who was the purchaser, sent tho bill to six differ ent customers in hope of finding the delinquent; four of whom paid the bill, which they did not owe, without question. There are great possibili ties suggested in (trig fact. Active preparations for war be tween England and Russia ire in progress. *•- ” NO. 14 OTXBMEW MINISTER TO ENGLAND* New \ ork Sun : In the nominations sent to the Senate Mr. Cleveland preserved that element of the unex pected and surprising which he seems always to take pleasure in* Mr. Phelps, who without any pn*. vious public notice, was nominated as Minister to England, is a lawyer of much reputation i„ Vermont, where he lives, but is net much known outside. Though he has some times appeared here in law cases, few New Yorkers know him. He is a law professor,,, Yale College, where he shares the prevailing sentiment i favor of free trade, and. as we learn Sth 6 , V *, nin * lW ’ 1 * ver y Popular With the students. He is counsel for the I .name Railroad Company, to wh.ch place he wa. appointed by tho late Trenor W. Park. H c i, very much of a theorist,dogmatic, positive. ;irr ° f con,radic,io * peculiari ties tha are rather heightened by a neuralgic temperament and a delicate Physical constitution. He was the Democratic candidate tor Governor of Vermont in 1880, and was beaten t course. He hae never served in National*’ '* Unknown ,n Democratic National Conventions, and nobody ever dreamed that he would receive h!**" 0 '. 1 l deßiral,le diplomatic peat J h r \ ' h#di * P ** al 0,1 he President. Ml '' Phe 'P* himself did not expect and, a thing umil Mr.Bavard telegraphed for him, four or five day. ago. No political reason whalever is apparent for giving s„eh an office to a citizen of Vermont, a B , att hopc | eiß , cannot be said hat Mi Phelr, is unequal to the pub !lfh ,M ‘° Whißh he is “signed. At the same time it ia certain that he diaTlrr, th ° S0 *° cial - P°*tprau- Mr ’w'n 1 ? ~e,' a ,' y dU ' iOS Whicl Hr. Dowell has made himself the most popular man ,u England; and it i* equally certain that the new Minister did \“ e ™L° ome ***•“ Mrß uchana.* did i„ 1866, to carry off the Democra tic nomination to th. Presidency and elected by the peepl. afterward. In lie sense it i, prlldcnt appoint _ kWnsjNiom OUT SHORT. Aa Aten, Youn,“V orr . r ■entsnosd to a BUW The wedding tour of Julia, D.Dill- De\relV r ? and tWcnlT - fiTe ' resident of Detroit, ha* come to a sad ending. Boston ® U D® r *ot" Criminal Court in b* pleaded guilty to a.ver.l of forgery and w, sentenced to the Reformatory at Concord fer five year,. Drilm.n i. the young man who recently victimized several Boston firms by rushing into their counting-room, a few minute, after eariS;, oUr,,Wi,hap6nb * hln ‘lhft m „ n rB, “ -Wing like a nan of business, with eh.cks purport ing <o be signed by well known firms, m iv P , PearinK ‘° bB *ennine in many ii * anccs cashed. The de fendant i, the son of Col. Dilliman, a well known ciUzeu'of Detroit, rnd was recently married to \C:*n Ay Pf g °°* family I £ h . FebrU * r ' ,a *‘ hi. wedding tour, and also for tho purpose of obtaining business, and getting short of cash took these mean* r ,n "ir 11 w,s 81 a ted that J„gt before coming to Boston D liman purchased an option in a silver mine which i. „ 0 w worth a bonus of $2,000. Hi, young wife ~ broken-hearted over the evil conaso < Z ."7 hu * bßnd - She got all their best friend, from Detroit and tried to save him, and when it wa e 177° m 1” ' bat h#r altemepte bad failed he ill-treated her shamefully in Charles street J,H. When hlir father was park commissioner in De troit he was arrested for burglary, but was let go en account of his re putable connections. A Western paper grows enthus iastic over the possibilities of tho shipway system. It suggests that by means such railway tho interior citieo of the country 'qould be made real ports ofeutry. This idea should com mend itseit to tho people of Atlanta who naa/yet bo able lo haul ship* up within sjght of their alleged custom jjpuse, It is also suggested that our naval vessels could be hauled wherev er needed iutq the country, and saved froro the perils of navigation or with drawrl frem Ihe water when it may bo necessary to escape from a for—- inidable foreign ironclad.