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About The Expositor. (Waynesboro, GA.) 1870-187? | View Entire Issue (Jan. 11, 1873)
KATES FOR LEGAL ADVERTISING: Biter if Sales , per square $ 3 00 Mortgage f,fa sales, per square 000 Tar Collector's sales, per square 3 00 Citation for letters Administration and Guardianship 4 00 Application for letters dismissory from Administration and Eoteeutorship. ~ 050 Application for letters disnlissory.from Guardianship 5 00 Application for leave to sell land, per sqr 400 Notice to debtors and creditors 5 00 J.and sales, per square 3 00 Sales of perishable property, per square 200 Jistray notices, sixty days. , (i 00 Notice to perfect service 7 00 Rules nisi to foreclose mortgages per sqr 300 Rules to establish lost papers, per square 600 Rules compelling titles 5 00 Rules to perfect service in dirorce cases 10 00 Application for homestead 2 00 Obituary Notices, per square SI.OO Marriage Notices 1 00 [From the Augusta Constitutionalist.] A PLEA FOUIICATIi Tlio cause which should most engage the hearts and minds of the people of Georgia is the universal education of her sons and daughters. The system that shall educate the masses most effi ciently is, beyond question, the problem of the day. The power the widest dif fusion of knowledge gives to a people is well nigh universally acknowledged. We may differ as to the best means of attaining the desired end, but not as to its importance. We arc, at last, aroused to the necessity of evolving and perfect ing some plan that shall give to all the children of this great Commonwealth, both white and colored, the benefits, at least, of a common school education. Much has been done, and much is being done to effect this great result. Patient thought, we hope, will evolve a thor ough and comprehensive system ade quate to the wants of the children of Georgia, and the enlarged demands of the times. The second in importance only, if second at all, is the most liberal culture of the greatest number. Our State University and our colleges claim a very large place in our educational plans. To provide annually the great est number of thoroughly trained and disciplined youth, and send them forth with a culture commensurate with the advanced state of knowledge in all its departments, is a question demanding the most serious thought, of our primary assemblies, and the representatives ot the people in their legislative halls. Here, too, we believe that our people | tire being aroused to the necessity of devising large and liberal plans for a more advanced and 1 iberal culture, and bringing it within reach of the greatest puss.hie number. To contribute some thing to this end is the design of the pre sent paper. The plan herein proposed, whose outlines alone can be given, has been submitted to a number of our lead ing statesmen and educators, and by iliein endorsed and commended. At the earnest solicitation of those for whose judgment the writer has the profound* est respect, he has ventured to write out an abstract of the plan and give it to the public. It it result in awakening a more earnest inquiry, and in evolving sonic better plan, the writer will bo amply rewarded for his efforts to ad vnuce a cause very near his own heart. It cannot be questioned that the great est difficulty with which the advocates of a more thorough and liberal culture have had to contend, lias been the Con flict between our State University and the denominational colleges. These in stitutions of learning have been main tained, the former by appropriations out of the common Treasury of the State, the latter by the private liberality of the respective denominations. To keep up the former all the people have been taxed ; to maintain the latter, heavy demands have been made upon the lib eral few, who have had not only,to sup port their own colleges, but to foster, by increased taxes, the creature of the State. This condition of things would surely have been more cheerfully acquiesced in and been more heartily approved by the friends of denominational education, if the State University had not, by its curriculum presented itself in an atti tude of rivalry. Hence the conflict-by which both parties have been made to suffer. The University lias been jeal ously watched. Its plans of enlarged usefulness have been defeated by com binations of the friends of denomina tional education. Ulibcrrl appropria tions lirve been.tbe result. The Uni versity has been compelled to hold on to its curriculum, and thus continue to be. the rival of the colleges. And hence this foster child of n greet, Oommonwclth has been disappointed and Rallied in her efforts to restrict her work f.o the higher and more liberal culture. By James K. Frost. II VOL. 111. i Nor lias this conflict brought any advantage to tho denominational col leges, but much damage rather. It has raised up enemies even in their own ranks. For many of the best and most intelligent of the respective denomina tions have regarded the success of the University more important than the success of the denominational college. It has multiplied enemies among those without the pale ot the churches inter ested. It has created against denomi national education a feeling that would not otherwise have existed. The in tensity of this feeling is too apparent in that article of the State Constitu tion which forbids '.lie appropriation cf money by the State to denominational colleges. And thus, a din many other ways, damage has resulted to both of the parties to this conflict. Such, in brief, is the situation ; such the facts, the correctness of which nei tlier of the parties will deny. Now. these things ought not so to be There should be no conflict between j the friends of education. To harmon ize these conflicting interests, to devise some plan by which the work of the . University and the colleges may be made subservient to one another, and tho cause of a more enlarged and liberal culture bo advance, is the design of the present article. In the plan, whatever it be, it ;s mani fest that neither the interests of the University, nor of the colleges, should be compromised. Unwise is that friend to the denominational college who ;g norcs the necessity of the University; equally so the friend to the latter who ignores the necessity of the former. For this one thing may be regarded as certain : both the University at and the colleges must be maintained, and both will be maintained. lie is no states man who does not base his plans for tii£ liberal education of our sons upon this undeniable fact. For the friends of the Uuiver-ity will never cease to advocate claims which they consider superior to all others. Equally sure is it that the friends of the colleges will hold on to their convictions. The necessity for the colleges to them has been demonstrated more and more with increase of years. No argument —no logic—no figures can convince them ihat they are wrong. Never will they consent to give up tho collegiate educa tion of their'sons to institutions uncon trolled by themselves. The intensity of tl oir convictions on this subject is unmistakably made manifest by t eir willingness and readiness to contribute largely to their own colleges, while taxed, in common with the rest of their follow-citizens, to support the University at Athens. There are legislators who may think the friends of denomination al education unwise, and who do not view its importance in the same light. But., whether they do or not, he is un fit to legislate for the wants of the whole people who does not form his plans with a proper regard to these con victions of the friends of denomination al education, for these friends are num bered by thousands. They are men of education, of property and of votes. — They are influential and powerful fac tors in the body politic —of sufficient influence and power to cripple the Uni versity,so long as an unequal and unjust legislation makes appropriations to the latter which arc denied to themselves, and especially so long as the University keeps up its attitude of rivalry. In vain, to the friends of the colleges, will be all disclaimers of rivalry made by the friends of the University For, so long as the regular college cur riculum at Athens, whether in whole or in its main features, is the same as that of the denominational colleges, the Uni versity is a rival of the colleges—a rival supported, in great part, by the taxes : which the friends of Emory, Mercer and j Oglethorpe arc forced by law to pay ! into the Treasury of the State for the I benefit of the University of the State. “SAtsTIS POPULI LEX ESTO." WAYNESBORO’, GA., SATURDAY, JANUARY 11, 1873. Regarding, therefore, the University and the colleges as institutions which must be maintained, we proceed to elaborate a plan which if adopted, [shall destroy nil rivalry, unite tlio friends of both parties, and contribute \ largely to the advanced culture of tho | sons of our dear old State. More than this. We hope to set forth a plan that may be adopted by all our people of all denominations, of all classes, and of all colors —a plan that shall enlarge and dignify the work of tin State University, and place our struggling colleges upon an enduring basis, and that, too, without doing vio lence to the clause in the State Consti tution forbidding the appropriation of money to denominational colleges. That this restraining clause of the constitu tion has been fully obliviated by the present plan is the opinion of several eminent lawyers and jurists to whom it lias been submitted. Tlio outlines of the plan are as fol lows : 1. There shall be one great State University, to which the denomination al colleges shall be attached as parts of the general plan. 2. The main seat of the University shall be at Athens, under the Board of Trustees of the University as at present organized. 3. The college? shall be located re spectively at Oxford, Atlanta and Ma con, under the same Boards respective ly as at present organized, no change being made in their respective denomi national features. 4. The undergraduate curriculum shall be confined to the colleges, whose right to confer degrees shall be confined to the degree of Bachelor of Arts. 5. The University shall locate at Athens an advanced school, with a cur riculum embracing three years,to which the graduates of colleges ot this State, or any other State, or country, shall he admitted on presentation of the degree if A. 8., and all others not graduates, who shall pass a satisfactory examina tion on the studies of the college, or their equivalents, to the graduates ot which school shall be given the degree of Master of Arts. G. There shall beat Athens a school, embracing two years for all who to with pursue an advanced course of natural science, to which only those shall be admitted who have the qualifications for the admission into the school of Master of Arts. The degree in this school shall be that of Bachelor of Philosophy. 7. There shall be at Athens a nor mal school for the special training and education of teachers, the qualifications for admiss on into which shall be the same as in the schools above mentioned, which school shall be a separate school, or embraced in one, or both, of the schools üboved named. The pupils in this school shall bo educated free of charge; they shall receive an appropri ate degree on completion of the pre scribed studies, and shall be firmly bound,if their services are needed,to teach at least aftergraduatiou, fouryears in the common schools of tlio State, to which graduates Commissioners of Schools, supported by the State, shall give the preference. 8. There shall bo schools of Agricul ture, the Mechanical Arts, Surveying and Engineering, and such other shool or schools as the Board of Trustees may eleet, either separate or embraced in one or more of the schools already named, as the wants of the University, in the judgment of the Board of Trus tees, may determine, the qualifications for admission to which shall be a satis factory examination on such studies .-is may be subscribed by the Board, with the advice of the Faculty. The grad uates of this school or schools shall re ceive an appropriate degree. 9. There shall be a school of law, the qualificatons for admission same as in the school of Miste, of Arts. The graduates shall receive the degree of Bachelor of Laws. 10. There shall be a school of Med icine, qualifications same as above, the degree being that of Doctor of Medi cine. 11. The above shall be the regular University Degrees, and shall be con ferred by the Board of Trustees, on recommendation of tlio Faculty. 12. The Honorary Degrees, such as Doctor of Theology, and Doctor of Laws, shall [be confern and only by a Board, to be called The Hoard of Fellows, which Board shall consist of the Chan cellor at Athens, the Presidents of the Colleges, and at least three others, se lected by the Chancellor and Presidents, for their literary, scientific and liberal 13. There shall bo an appropriation of five hundred thousand dollars to the University by the State, for the proper buildings at Athens, for libraries, ap paratus and appointments necessary to carry out this plan ; the arranging and perfecting of which, and the paying out of all sums under this appropriation,- shall be vested in a Board, consisting of theßoard of Trustees and the Facul ty, at Athens, which joint Board may delegate their authority to a subordinate Board, made up ot representatives from the Board of Trust and the Fuel o- il. There shall be an annual appro priation of one hundred thousand dol lars to the University, by the State, to pay the salaries of tho Professors at Athens, to meet, the current and contin gent expenses, the price of tuition in toe several schools, except the normal schools, being sucli as, together with this appropriation, and all present en dowments, or vested funds, shall meet the required demands, and leave a sur plus of ten thousand dollars per annum tobcappilied to repairs, improvements, libraries, apparatus, or any other neces sary outlay. 15. There shall be an appropriation of one hundred thousand dollars by the State to the University for each of its colleges at Oxford, at Macon and at At lanta, tobcapplied to necessary buildings, apparatus,fixtures,&c..the planning and perfection of which, and the paying out of money under this appropriation, to bejvcstod in a Board for each of the colleges, consisting of the respective Boards of Trust and their respective Faculties, or of a subordinate Boyd, made up of representatives from tho Boards of Trust and tho Faculties re spectivcly. 10. There shall be an annual appro priation by the State to the University for the Joenflt of each of its above men tioned colleges, of ten thousand dollars, to bo applied to ttie professors’ salaries in the respective colleges, to necessary and contingent expenses, the price of tuition being in each ns near as possible the same, and such a sum per annum, as, together with this appropriation and other endowments or vested funds, shall meet the wants of the colleges respect ively. and leave the sum of two thous and dollars per annum to be applied to repairs of all kinds, additions to libra ries, apparatus, or to any necessary out lay. 17. Tho above-mentioned colleges, namely, Emory, at Oxford ; M< rcer, at Macon; and Oglethorpe, at Atlanta, shall be considered as part of this plan and entitled to its benefits when their respective Boards shall have subscribed | to this plan, and shall have consented j to have their charters so altered as to be conformed to it. 18. This plan shall not. be a law of the State until adopted by the Board at j Athens and the Boards of tho respec- 1 tivo colleges, and not until the friends ! of the University as now organized and the friends of the colleges shall have raised respectively by private and vol untary contributions, in addition to their present endowments,at least 81(10-; 000 for Athens, tho same for Emory, the same for Mercer, and the same for Oglethorpe, which sums shall be raised II $2 a year, in advance. : by blank day of blank year, and which shall be expended or vested for the in* terests of the University and the col leges respectively, ns their Hoard of } Trust, assisted by their Faculties, shall ! have respectively determined. 19 Other denominations may share in the benfits of this plan, and be adop ted as parts of the University: Ist. When they shall have organized colleges, with buildings and outfits worth at least $50,000, and shall have paid for the same, the value of the buildings, and the payment of all debts to be considered and passed upon by a committee recommended by the Board of Trustees of Athens, and approved and appointed by the Governor of the State. 2d When each denomination, apply ing to be admitted as posts of this plan, shall in addition to the above mention ed fifty thousand dollars, have raised in cash the sum of one hundred thous and dollars, the raising of which sum shall be approved and passed upon by the Board appointed as above, —which said sum shall be applied to such col lege to be established, as its Board of Trust and Faculty may determine. 20. All agricultural schools endowed dr supported by the sale of public lands donated by the United States, shall be adopted into this plan, and bo made a part of the State University. 21. All other institutions, not de nominational in their character, may be taken into this plan and share its ben efits, when they shall have complied witli like conditions to those expressed in article 19 of this paper. 22. The curriculum of the colleges shall be determined by a Board, consis ting of the Faculty at Athens and the Faculties of the several colleges,the cur riculum of the colleges to be altered or amended otily so far as the more ad vanced studies of art and science may be concerned,no power herein conferred to be construed as giving to the herein mentioned Board any right to change, alter or disallow any text-book which the Faculties of the respective colleges may think best to promote the moral and the religious interests of the youth committed to their charge, the curric ulum of the several colleges and the text books always being the same, un less modified by the restraining clause above written, the terms for study and the vacations being also the same, in the several colleges. 23. These colleges end the schools of the University shall he exclusively for the white children of the State. 24. The State shall assist, as the de mands of the colored children of the State may require, in perfecting a uni versity system for them, with its appro priate schools and colleges, that they may have the benefit of the greatest possible culture suited to their wants and to their circumstances, it beim the purpose of the State,herein pledged, to give to the colored children, at the earliest day possible, advantages simi lar to those conferred on the children of the whites. Such is an outline of the more im portant features of the plan proposed. The writer, in a single article, cannot give the reasons for each particular item, and the arguments by which each is sustained. These are obvious to all thinking minds, and need not bo presen ted in detail. But, for the benefit of the general reader, the following points may be stated r Ist. The University at Athens, even as now organized, is a State necessity. 2d. The denominational colleges are fixed facts, and cannot bo surrendered by their friends. 3d. The former is supported by the State; the latter by tho private iiber ality of those who are equally taxed to keep up the former. 4th. There ha been a conflict of in terest, the State University having been forced into a position of rivalry. sth. This has given to tho Universi ty au immense advantage over the col leges, compelling them, thereby,to wage an unequal conflict. Oth. It is unwise and suicidal to pro tract a conflict which has resulted in groat damages to the parties engaged in it. 7ib. Unity in design, and harmony in execution, on the part of the friends of education, are vitallay essential to foster and develop the higher culture demand oj by the times. Bth. This higher culture cannot be acquired in an institution fettered by a curriculum, embracing the more ele mentary studies taught in the college proper. Oth. Tho more elementary studies ought to bo confined to the colleges, the more advanced studies, such, for instance, as the higher mathematics, j RULES FOR LEGAL ADVERTISING Nubs of land, etc., by Administrators, Executors, or Guardians arc required by lair to lit■ held an the .first Tuesday in the month, between the hours qf ten in the forenoon anil three in the itflrrmion, at the court-house in the county in u-hich the jirofirrty it situated. Notices of these tales mutt be girrn in a public gazelle in the county where the loud Hts.yf there he any. Noticesfor Ike stile if personal property must be given in like manner ten day* previous to sale day. Notices to Debtors and Crrdilor* of an relate must be publishedforty days. Notice that ap plication trill be made to the Court of Ordinary for I leave to sett land, etc., must hr published oner a irrrk I for four creeks. Citations for Letters of Adminxs- I trc.tion, (iuardianthip, etc., must he published thirty ! days, For dismission from Administration and Et ! ecutor/thip, three months- dismission from Guard ' ianship, forty days. liulrs for Foreclosure qf Mort gage must be published monthly for four months. Fur establishing lost papers, for the full spaes qf there months. For compelling titles from Adminis trators or Executors, where bond has been given by deceased, three months. Application for I/one-stead must hr published twice [Publications will ways Mjcontinued according to these requirements unless otherwise ordered ] B-tT" One inch, or about eighty words, is a square; frarlions counted us full squarsS INO. 19. being taken from them that, in the comparatively elementary branches,they may bo more direct aid thorough. 10th. Thfrcurriculum of the college should be a foundation for aa introduc tion to the high schools of the Universi ty —the curriculum of our colleges be ing now far too crowded—an evil which can be remedied if they continue ns they are,only by extending the college course two years longer, or by requiring for admission into the freshman, what is now required for admission in the ju nior class. In this direction the col leges arc moving. To its necessity they are being aroused. Old Harvard, we have seen it stated, is taken, or is about to take the load in this impera tive advance, by requiring for admission into the freshman class, what she before demanded for admission into tbe ju nior. 11 tli. Perfection, in any department of study, cau only be acquired by sepa rate schools—hence the necessity for these schools in the University, and the wisdom in giving to them aione the right to confer the appropriate de gree. . 12th. Confining the right of the col leges to confer degrees to the single degree of Batchelor of Arts, and giv ing tbe special degree to the schools of the University, enhances the merit of such degrees one hundred fold. 13th. The same is true of confining tbe honorary degrees to tbe Board of Fellows, composed of learned gentle men, who, by their literary and scien tific attainments, are best qualified to sit in judgment on such cases. 14th. Confining the colleges to the comparatively elementary studies, and giving to the schools at Athens tbe more advenoed and special studies,secu res that division of labor so essential to success, —the schools and the colleges to gether forming the University proper, each distiuet and separate,each doing Us own appropriate and untrammelcd work, but performing it better because dis tinct and separate ; and yet the two combined making a unit in one compre hensive and all embracing plan. 15th. Adopting the colleges into this general University scheme; making them component parts of tbe University; and allowing them to retain their denomina tional convictions, utilize and makes available valuable machinery already in operation, unites tbe friends of the college? and tbe friends of the State University; does no violence to the opinions and convictions of those here tofore in conflict; and obviates an un wise and unjust discrimination against one of the parties. 16th. The cheapening of education in the schools and colleges, so as to bring down its price to the actual cost, is a right which the State ought to secure to her indigent sons who feel the need of the most thorough culture. 17th. Requiring a Diploma from the colleges, or a satisfactory examination on the studies persued in the college, for admission into certain schools of the University, not only is a positive benefit to the colleges, but greatly raises the standard of professional education and multiplies the number of learned young men in the professions. 18th. Fixing the curriculum by the joiut Board named, is greatly condu cive to that progressive development herein sought, and so much to be do sired. 19th. Requiring certain sums to bo contributed by private liberality to the University and the colleges, before this plan be adopted, multiplies the friends of education, develops the liberality of the people, and invites to more enlarged and generous endowments in the future. 20n. The plan herein proposed and outlined contemplates the improvement of all the sons of the State—a united, harmonious at and concentrated effort iu the noble work of education—tho de-> vciopement and perfection of a system which shall place Georgia in advance of all the educational enterprises of the day. These suggestions are presented for amendment, for development and for perfection. The writer has not the vanity to believe that the details will all be approved. Nor does he believo that they are the wisest that can be desired. But. he does believe that the general plan may be safely .dopted, Sustained by a single purpose to do good, and moved by sioere friendship to the University at Athens, and to our denominational colleges, the writer gives this plan to the public, praying | the blesings of Almighty God upon all ! institutions of learning, bothlmale and fe male, both white and colored, and upon the educational interests of his beloved native State. Gkoroia.
