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Jlxo cotton Area ana Prospects.
jv e Commercial ana Financial Chfoniole, of
r r ;&j, makes tha following estimate of falling
V from last year in tha cotton acreage: North
Una, 12 per cent., 54,000 acres; South
• .^ina, 20 per cent., 120,000 acres; Georgia,
jper cent., 170,000 acres; Alabama, 15 per
-nt 215,000 acres; Mississippi, 12 per cent.,
D7000 acres; "West Tennessee, 5; Middle
Tennessee 10; and an average throughout the
State 7 P« r ccnt > 0137 >°°° acres * Arkansas, 8
. nt 56 000 acres; Louisiana, 0 per cent.,
| K.000 acres; Texas not estimated,
i These eigbt States, according to the estimates
the Chronicle, show an aggregate decrease
I '-'cotton acreage amounting to 332,000 acres.
Ibe average decrease is .12 per cent. Borne
'iliing off is also claimed from the amount of
j ftilizers used. The reports from all tod
:-jtcs are unfavorable. The weather has been
^propitious—the plant is backward,* and much
Jit has sickened and died. A good deal, there*
!;«, has been replanted.
The meager promise of the growing crop has
u y £ { made very little impression on the busi-
world, and it is a reasonable presumption
&it the trade will be slow to credit the actual
jadition. The crop of 1SG9 rose seven hundred
lijasand bales on that of 18GS, and the crop of
;i;0exceeds that of 1869 by not far from eleven
isdred thousand bales. And this result oc*
sired in the face of all contrary rrognostica-
. ;;3 of the cotton growers. All this time they
me fondly complaining of scarce and deterior-
itisg labor and a consequent and steady loss of
praductivo power. A signal deficit this year
nil therefore take the world by surprise.
It is quite clear that hired agricultural labor
is the South has steadily decreased in volume,
rtSe it msy also be true that the product of
mill independent producers, white and black,
bu prett^nteadily increased. But, in trnth,
de great bulk of the unexpected increase in the
sops of 1SG9 and 1870 is ascribable to a lavish
at of stimulating fertilizers and the generally
mpiinons character and great length of the
msons. These two causes combined, swelled
ie cotton velumo in both cases beyond all an-
aapation. The fertilizers not only hastened
hi maturity of the plant by about three weeks,
but they added much to its productiveness, and
both these results were powerfully supplemented
bja harvest and growing season, protracted far
xto Novombe., three weeks longer than usual.
Bat the cotton crop of 1870 hardly paid the
oast of producing it, and left the planter, after
;t was marketed, with little disposition and less
ufins to buy costly fertilizers. The result in
Georgia certainly, and we have no doubt over
lie whole cotton area, has been that the use of
fertilizers has fallen off GO to 80 per cent. This
is one great phase of the situation. The second
is, that owing to unfavorable weather the crop
s more backward and unpromising than wo have
known it to bo within the last twenty years.
The stand is universally poor and tha very best
ones three weeks behind where they onght to
bo at this season. We shall certainly lose this
year the long season and in great part the bene
fit of fertilizers. It will surprise ns, therefore,
if the yield reaches that of 1869, and we are in
cline to think it will probably not exceed 2,500,-
000 bales. Possibly, with propitious weather, it
miy reach 3,000,000, which was the amount
prognosticated by Hunt’s Merchants’ Magazine
Tear Book for 1871, on an acreage nndiminiabed
from that of 1870. That authority thought tho
excess in two successive years over those figures
was due to extraordinary propitious seasons and
heavy fertilizing. But the same writer now
fixes the diminution in acreage at 12 per cent,
which would bo half a million bales on the crop
of 1870. On tho whole, we feel very confident
that the crop of 1871 will surprise tho world.
“IVlint X Know About Farming.”
Brown & Company have just received copies
of this celebrated treatise on agriculture by Mr.
Greeley, of the Tribune. It has already had an
immense sale, which is sufficient evidence of
popular appreciation. It is a book of 300 pages,
handsomely gotten up by Carlton & Company,
sad dedicated by the author to tho man who
shall invent a plough which shall pulverize ten
seres of soil per day to the depth of two feet.
Mr. Greeloy frankly says he is not a farmer—
not an agricultural themist—is not vorsed in
stock raising—and knows little abont handling
scoops. His treatise is the result of some small
personal experience and much observation,
reading and reflection—all presented to tho
reader in the bold, concise and vigorous style of
which he is master. It is, of course, better
adapted to the Northern and Western, than to
the Southern farmer; but is full of striking
views, original suggestions and practical infor
mation, adapted to all. The most successful
and famous agriculturists of England are men
who have spent their life at the bar or in tho
counting house, and who, with amplo means,
have pursued agriculture upon original theories
in an experimental way. * ‘What I know about
Farming,” has been a standing subjeot of fun
withwtho press, but i3 probably as valuable a
book on the topic as the American prcs3 has
produced.
tilling Out the.While Folks iu Flor
ida.
The Savannah News calls attention to the
fset that nearly three pages of a recent issue of
(fie Live Oak Herald, a diminutive carpet-bag
concern, are filled with the advertisements of
lxEd to be sold for State and county taxes in
Columbia and Hamilton counties. The land
advertised to be sold in Columbia amounts to
tfis astonishing aggregate of seventy-five thou
sand seven hundred and five acres. In Hamil
ton county there are four thousand seven hun
dred and forty-two acres advertised to be sold
for taxes. InLafayetto county there are one
thousand three hundred and fifty-nine. For
advertising these sales, the crjpefc-bagger or
scalawag who engineers the dingy little concern
wifi claim the snug little sum of $1,368. The
Herald also contains a column or two of Sher-
itTa sales, notices .to insolvent creditors, and
other advertisements of a like character.
MACON, TUESDAY, JUNE 6, 1871.
GEORGIA TELEGRAPH BUILDING
A Big House Shaky.
■ffceftew York Times and other Northern
Papers intimate that Mr. Thomas A. Scott and
“ ia overshadowing combination, under the
na “° the Pennsylvania Central Bailroed, are
® tltlIi R shaky. The Baltimore Gazette says
U-s Pennsylvania Central is a very large bor-
r °wer at heavy rates of interest, and though
Recess in all its huge combinations and ex-
t'&sioas will be very grand, yet failure will
ome with a crash which will‘place it high on
* r °H of fame at present oocupied by John
3 w and his Mississippi scheme.
' ■*! k> vocaCissi^ ed: tciafcfc* *•
Slew Books.
PnOSTHATE WOBKS OP SOUTH CaBOLIXA. AND THE
Holmes, A. M. Foteale by J. W. Burke & Co. -
This little volume contains a full and inter
esting history of those wonderful phosphatic
formations which abound on the coast of our
sister State. Prof. Holmes has displayed much
scientific research In his investigations of the
origin of these remarkable rocks, which, at first
were believed to be conglomerations of verita
ble bones, but are shown to be merely calca
reous rocks. These underlie Charleston Harbor
in immense masses, and, excavations show, ex
tend inland also- Belonging to the Eooeno age,
and surmounted by deposits of green sand,
marsh mud, and other debris of the ooean, tho
theory is tbat. they were perforated by marinri
animals and insects, so that the entire surface
of these beds of marl, becoming. honey-combed
and loosened to the depth of several feet, were
easily abraded and washed away by the action
of the waves and fide. The detached nodules
were then swept inland by each gale until
finally buried in the lagoons and estuaries of
the sluggish streams’, which debouch into tho
Atlantia
Our author then reasons that afterwards by
some geological agency, or natural convulsion
or phenomenon, an upheaval of the whole coast
ensued above the ooean level, which accounts
for tho immense phosphate beds which are now
so extensively mihed.
Tljeso phosphates are composed exclusively
of the shells and remains of marine animals,
no quadrnped relics entering into them.
The bones of the mastodon, elephant, etc.,
are merely found scattered among them, but
forming no integral or constituent element of
the marl or rock itself.
The writer says the original nodules of shell
rock wero changed from calcareons into phos
phate rocks by chemical influences, which are de
tailed at length, but our space will not alio w us to
describo. The action of heat, however, as
shown by tho presence of igneous rocks which
overlap these beds, is believed to have been the
chief cause.
. But for particulars we would refer the lover
of science to the work itself.
Few have any adequate conception of the
magnitude and value of the phosphate mines of
Carolina.
Thirteen powerful companies are in actual
operation, embracing $4,000,000 of capital, be
sides a number of lesser organizations. The
crude rock is quarried and shipped to Balti
more, Philadelphia, New England, and is even
exported to Europe. -
Expensive and ingenious machinery has been
invented for the grinding and trituration of the
material,. and skilful chemists have experi
mented successfully, by the application of acids,
in rendering soluble and suitable as food for
plants, the phosphate dust or powder. Just in
proportion as this solubility is more or less per
fect can the ^immediate effect of- the fertilizer
be observed. If applied just from the mill,
little or no benefit will be derived tho first year>
and. the action oi heat and moisture continued
through several seasons, with their decompos
ing influences, will be necessary to develop its
virtue. The writer has tested this by experi
ment on his own farm in Southwest Georgia.
The discovery of these inexhaustible beds of
fertilizers, fresh from Nature’s laboratory,
which are from eighteen inches to three feet in
thickness, and have raised the value of lands
from $2 to $1000 in some localities, seems a
merciful act of compensation by a kind Provi
dence to a noble people, who have been the vic
tims of man’s wrath and vengeance. We trust
they will go far to restore prosperity to the ru
ined seacoast, once the abode of wealth, educa
tion and refinement, bnt now almost hopelessly
Africanized and the theatre and grand centre of
.Radical insolence and iniquity.
The ground phosphates, treated with snlphurio
acid, are already becoming the staple manure
of the South, and they are destined at an early
day to distance all competition. Of their
superior value and efficacy, the writer can fur
nish abundant testimony.
Tlie Macon and Knoxville Kailroail.
We are gratified to learn that the prospects of
the projected railroad from this city to Knox
ville are becoming much brighter, that the in
terest in its construction is increasing rapidly,
and that the people all along tho proposed line
are giving substantial proofs of their desire to
advanco tho enterprise by large subscriptions of
money and donations of land. Nor is this cheer
ing movement confined to the people of Geor
gia. At a recent meeting at Knoxville, Tenn.,
when Colonel W. K. deGraffenried visited that
city in the interest of the Macon and Knoxville
Railroad, of which he is President, he was re
ceived with much enthusiasm and was assured
of the active co-operation of the people of Ten
nessee in building the road. At a meeting of the
Knoxville Board of Trade on the 25th of May,
after an address from Col; deGraffenried, the
following resolutions were unanimously adopted:
Resolved, That wa most cordially welcome
CoL De Graffeuroid, President of tho Macon
and Knoxville Railroad to our city, and we re
turn him our sincere thanks for his lucid ad
dress and exposition of the advantages that will
accrue to Tennessee and Georgia by tbe comple
tion of bis road to lhi3 place.
Resolved, By the Board of Trade of Knox
ville, that we most cordially approve of the con
templated railroad from Macon, 6a., to this
place, and we pledge ourselves to use our utmost
exertions to obtain for the company undertak
ing to build the same, every reasonable facility
to make their road and to complete it at the
earliest day practicable.
We cordially reoiprocate .the sentiments of
these resolutions, and believe they are the sen
timents of the citizens of Macon, and of the
people of a large, fertile and important portion
of the State of Georgia who have been, up to
this time, deprived of direct railroad communi
cation with.the markets of the world. It is
needless to point out to Macon the advantages
which she would derive from the completion
of this direct line uniting her with the North
west, and opening up to her commerce the vast
mineral regions of Georgia andLEast Tennessee,
from whioh she Is now practically excluded. It
is only ncoessary to mention one fact and illus
trate the. advantages which would inure to Ma
con from the construction of this road. Now,
to the general consumer, coal costs from $9 to
$11 per ton; and to the manufacturer it costs
from $6 to $7. . Were the Macon and Knox
ville Hoad built, the finest grate coal would not
cost, delivered, more than $5, and the manu
facturers could supply themselves at $3 perton.^
This question presses itself upon the consider-"
ation of the citizens of Macon at this time with
increased urgency. Tbe reoent action of influ
ential railroad corporations, placing, the' com
mercial interests oi our people completely at
their merey, makes it the imperative duty of.
the city of Maoon to look out for her own pro
tection, and to see to it that her prosperity and
welfare shall not be dependent on the precari
ous goodwill aud capricious judgment of a rail
road company whose interest cannot be said,
from past experience, to be identical with that
of Macon. Pcbltcs.
;iin .oeuatrailo
.aOlitSlOEVCTC
7: • Toluate ]
e -*3S of c,
v PRESS.,
Savannah shipped $303,675 45 w%rth pf cot
ton last Saturday 1 to-Bremen and Liven/ 1 }!.
The assessors of Atlanta report the^lue of
real estate in that city at- $12,531,647. The
Fourth Ward leads a) 1 'She rest In fatness, being
credited with $4,100,300. ~ : -
Colonel Chas. Rioh,%f Habersha’m ectanty,
who was a gallant soldier in the war of 1812,
and for forty years sheriff of-the county, died
last week. - Z'gr.
- Quite a number off Federal soldiers have been
paid off and discharged from the barracks, at
Atlanta, in the last few days; ana still the ’or-
rid Kuddux are not ’appy. - ,
The steamers Magnolia and Gulf Stream for
New York, and the Tonawanda, for Philadelphia,
which sailed from Savannah Saturday, carried
G, 146 boxes and barrels of vegetables.-
r The Savannah News .of Monday says apart of
the cargo of the Herman Livingston, which ar
rived there Sunday from New York, was a huge
Russian mastiff for a gentleman of Macon, The
News mania disloyal enough’to wish that he
(the’ dog) may speedily make the personal ac
quaintance of the colored K. K. of this city.H
The Covington Enterprise reports crops in
that section very backward. Grass baa the in
side track at present, and seems likely to win
the race.: . *
Crimson Caput Harris, of the Savannah News,
haa not yet thanked us for that last advertise
ment we gave him; but, nevertheless, we will
give him another. From his “Affairs in Geor
gia” column, of Monday, we clip as follows
Iz is said that a daughter of John S. C. Ab
bott, the Napoleonio nuisance, is teaching a
highly-colored school in Macon.
Pehrx has a Thespian corps which plays the
Robbers, bnt the people think it is a comedy,
and applaud accordingly. —
A correspondent writing from Thomasville
says“The disease called “taken with a leav
ing” is assuming' an epidemio form among the
officials in these regions. C. P. Brown, the
carpet-bag postmaster of this plaoe, after bor
rowing all the money he could from his confid
ing friends and stealing all he could from the
“best government the world over saw,” has fled
to parts unknown, leaving his bondsmen to foot
his bills. About the same time, Coroner Butler,
of Thomas county,- (colored) finding violent
deaths occur too slowly to make his office a pay
ing institution, and having the fear of a warrant
for gambling before his eyes, absconded. A.
B. Clark has been appointed postmaster Brown's
place. I expect to report very soon another
runaway case. ■ . i
Vfe hear from the Atlanta Sou as follows on
the subject of the lease. Where the Sun gets
its information, of course, it keeps to itself:
The Lease Not Yet a Fixed Fact.—The
lease • of the Macon and Western Railroad, it
seems, cannot yet be regarded as a fixed fact,
as the stockholders have yet to pass upon the
matter, and a tremendous opposition to tho
ratification is being made. The Macon and
Brunswick Road is a stockholder in the Macon
and WeBtera, to the amount of abont three
quarters of a million of dollars. All of this
stock will, very naturally, be emphatically op
posed to consummation of the lease. We have
also heard of several individual holders of largo
amounts of slock who also strenuously oppose
the lease. Basing an opinion upon the infor
mation at hand, we think we can see a very
lively contest over the question, and it is by no
means improbable that the stockholders may
refase to give their sanction to the transaction.
The matter before the Board of Directors, we
are informed, was handled with a marked de
gree of unanimity, and. without acrimonious
discussion. The stockholders will pass upon
the matter iu a few days, and not nntilthen
will the question be considered as definitely
settled. : i
A good deal of the opposition grows out of
the fact that the Macon and Brunswick Com
pany, through-Hr. Hgzlehurst, made a better
bid than that at which the road was leased. It
is held that ten per cent, per annum is the best
that can be expected from the present contract,
while the Macon and Brunswick offer twelve
per cent. It is also further claimed that the
$750,000 of stock owned by the Macon and
-Brunswiok company, is sufficient surety for the
regular payment of the rentaL
Upon the subject of the lease the GriffinMid-
dle Georgian has this utterance:
And it mnst not be supposed that these mo
nopolies, as they are termed, because they are
monopolies, will necessarily oppress tbe peo
ple; but, on the contrary, these great corpora
tions, particularly the Central Road, know veiy
well how to be in harmony with the interest of
the people—the source of their life. These mat
ters of lease and consolidation winch are no new
things with the Central Road, are not designed
to affect the people, by oppressive tariffs of
freight, bnt to protect the roads making them
against rival lines, that are competing for busi
ness. It is true .that the Central Railroad is 9
gianreorporation, with an aggregation of power
that is collossaL For, like the fabled Briareus, it
has stretched out its iron arms, untilit compasses
every section. It can buy up legislatures—
manage the executive—control the. courts—but
notwithstanding all this, it can’t bo denied that
it has done more, and is now doing more, to
develop the resources of our State, and added
to the material wealth of our people than any
other road in Georgia. Then we say let it go on
with its capital, both building and leasing roads,
and we will never: complain so.long as it ad
heres to tho law of its creation, and exercises
no power not expressly granted or necessarily
implied in its charter.
The Monroe. Advertiser says the stores .up
there aro thronged with people, but there seems
to bo more credit than cash. ■■ - ' r ' :
Mr. Alien, of. Meriwether county, was killed-
last Monday by the running away of a plow-
horse he was trying to mount. His feet be
came entangled, in the gear and he was dashed
against a tree and fearfully mangled.
The A-tlanta.Sun says Colonel Hulbert has re
signed his position ns General Superintendent
of the Brunswick and Albany Railroad, and is
now living in that, city with narrow gnage rail
road on the brain.
- A Jeiteesox county correspondent of the
Washington Gazette writes; “Wheat sorry,
cotton all dying, corn small and backward,
whisky high and sorry—the crop of hew babies
unusually largo with fine prospects ahead.”
Nathan L. Jones, charged with the murder
of Mr. Duggan, at .Station No. 1, Central Rail
road, sometime in December last, was convic
ted of voluntary manslaughter before the Burke
oounty Superior Court last week, and sentenced
to twenty years in the penitentiary.
The Atlanta Sun, of yesterday, says :
A Point Gained by which the City Saves
$100,000.—In I SCO a man by the name of Hood
was arrested in this city by the police for some
violation of the city code, and placed in the Cal
aboose. At the same time a Federal soldier was
confined in the same cell, also for a violation of
city law. Some time during the night the sol
dier proceeded to thrash Hoed, and in the fight
which ensued, the latter bad an eye severely in
jured, and he soon after instituted suit against
the Mayor and Council of Atlanta for damages
sustained while a prisoner, and, of course, un
der the protection of the city authorities. He
plaoed his damages at $5,000. Yesterday the
question came up in the Superior Court, and
after some argument upon a demurrer entered
by city Attorney] Newman, Judge Hopkins de
cided that the city was not liable for damages
in cases of this sort. In other words, police
men transoended the bounds of duty on their
own responsibility, .haati afic-.r-. I
aetttruqoa Izgei 0 jSoaovJ esqc as ,:r osca a
According to this decision the city'is relieved
of suits for damages amounting, in. the aggre
gate. to nearlw$100,000, mostly brought by in-
diyHoals whoSaye been misused by policemen
iu wresting fh4m. We learn that General
Gartrell will carry the case to fhie Supreme
Court. U c: :. v. , :~r ' ~
-d Those nilroad convicts of Grant, Alexander
k Co. are terrible fellows... It takes three At
lanta policemen tcncaptore one.of them. \.,T
? We clip the> following from-the MonroA Ad
vertiser of yesterday: vhB .r yr.-'-xtu;-."
. Has vest.—The farmers of thia.county began
Cutting wheat yesterday; and yield ia much
better than was anticipated a month ago. There
wac but a small era sown last fall, yet, with the
unfavorable seasons, tbe small'crop will pay far
better than the same land in cotton, snd with a
large saving of labor and other necessary ex
penses of cultivation.
Dissensions in the Radical Camp.—It is
rumored that two of the faithful, who have
hitherto laid some claim to respectability, pro
pose to escape the odium of their principles by
erasing their names from the bond given by the
Sheriff of .the county. We 'suggest that the
breaoh might be healed by a division of the
spoils. However, it ianot our funeral.’
The Colobed Schools.—The representative
from this county in the last Legislature,' who is
bare footed on top of the head, is now engaged
in the effort to break up the colored echoed, and
all because “Hr. Tucker,” the principal, is not
a noisy Radical. Tucker has been here for
several months, and, so far as we know,' has
given very general satisfaction 1 to his patrons;
and, at the same time, won the respect of the
white people by unobtrusive conduct. Indeed,
some of his pupils, from sixty to seventy years
of age, whom he has flogged frequently, think
him a model teacher, and will continue his pat
rons. But George is evidently bent on strife,
and proposes to run counter and open another
schooL
Cloyeb vs. Cotton.—Col. A. D. Hammond
has a patch of red clover which he is now har
vesting, that will average five feet, and pay
more this year than the same ground would yield
in cotton in three years. It is the third crop of
the sowing of 1SG9, and will doubtless yield
five more good crops before it will require re
sowing. T - ' '
If our farmers would be wise, they could soon
become creditors instead of debtors of the North
and West.
•Our Savannah friends are having a very car
nival of sport at this time. .The first anniver
sary of the Regatta Association of. Georgia, be
gan on Tuesday tho 30th inst., with a grand en
try of sail boats,' starting from the front of Hov
er’s bath houso at Montgomery, and running
seven miles towards Ossabaw Island, andretutn.
The Republican reports the following entries
for the day: . -i.'.: ....
“May Forrest,” sloop, entered by Thomas W.
McNish—eighteen feet long. Signal—a white
field and Maltese cross.
“Minnie,” sloop, entered by M. M. Bellisarie
-twenty-one feet long. Swallow fork penant,
white field and red stripe. ,
“Isondiga,” sloop, entered by H. K. Wash
burn—twenty-one feet long.
“St. George;” sloop, entered by Phillip ^Hart
ley— eighteen feet six inches long.' Burgee,
with white ground and St. George cross. :
“Avon,” schooner,, entered by R. B. Haber
sham—twenty-four feet six inches long. Blue
with white H. '
“Anna,” sloop, cat rigged, entered byJ. A.
Simmons—sixteen feet eight inches tong. Swal
low fork, blue and white cresent. Letter L.
“Rainbow,” sloop, cat rigged, entered by
Julian Myers—thirty-two feet long.
“Otelia,” sloop, cat rigged, entered by F. M.
Cox—twenty-three feet six inches long.
“Carrie,” sloop, entered by D. McAlpin.
“Little Polly,” sloop, entered by T. Ark
wright.
‘‘Georgia,” sloop, ontered byL. McLain.
“Eleanor,” sloop, entered by W. Barnwell.
“Hope,” entered by Mr. Buckingham—length
twenty-six feet.
Of the above Charleston sends two beautiful
crafts which have been universally admired
upon river, the “Otelia" and the “Eleanor,”
which, if they do not make a fair show of their
sailing qualities, will deceive a number of boat-
ists and experienced yachtmen who have passed
favorable judgment' upon them. They are fine
specimens of architecture and are manned by a
crew that know a thing or two abont salt water.
- . j • tut*. puiZZS ■ v
for tho first day’s races are as follows: r .
First class ....-..$125
Second class ;.... 100
Third class 100
Fourth class 100
Fifth class..... i... 75
Doubtless the attendance of. visitors will be
large. • • ... ■ » .:. ; •;
Rain on the seaboard at last. , -
Strange to say this portion of the State has
been suffering from a drought of several weeks’
duration. The-, crops wero revived, however,
by a copious shower, tho Republican says, be
tween midnight and dawn of Monday.
On Monday, a negro, in crossing the railroad
bridge near 'White Bluff, fell through and was
drowned. -
r. Other accidents and ugly scrapes are also re
ported in the Forest City. See the following
from the same paper: —- -ot ' .
Extbaobdinaex Gymnastics. — While the
steamer Ajax was shoving off from her wharf
yesterday morning about eight o’clock, to take
a colored excursion party to Beaufort, a negro,
who was afraid of being left behind, ran aboard
the Yirgo and jumped from her rail upon the
awning of the Ajax—dashed clear through it,
and landed upon the heads of .the assembled
darkies below. We did not learn that any heads
were broken, nor whether the daring individual
paid for the damage to the awning.
Accident.—Yesterday morning a youDg boy
named Lacey discovered a rabbit in a tree near
the Bay light. He ascended the tree for theJ
purpose of capturing (he animal, but descended
very quickly when the limb gave way upon
whioh he had stretched himself. He was at
once taken home and remedies applied,
Abduction.—Without going Into details, we
may state that a young girl named Murphy,
aged about six years, was abducted by certain
individuals and carried to New York on one of
the steamships which sailed last Saturday. En-
ergetio efforts are being made to recover the
lost one, which we trust will prove successful.
EOBECASTIKG THE SEASONS.
What Amount of Bain we tuny Anticipate
Before Fall.
Tbe Southern Fann & Home, Cultivator,
Rand Carolinian and other agricultural period-;
icals, print a letter of Frof. Barnwell, of the
University of Georgia, “on the possibility of
forecasting the seasons.?. This it is proposed
to do on the doctrine of general average. . Thus
the Professor shows that in the four seas’ons be
ginning with the autumn' of 1868 . and eziding
with the summer of. :1869, the aggregate fall of
rain was 46.755 inches. For the year beginning
Autumn, I860, and ending with Summer, 1870,
the rain* fall was 43.304 inches—or say a little
more than an inch and a quarter less. For the
two seasons of Autumn, 1870, and Winter
1870-1, it was 18.848 inches. > > astutt j
Comparing the registry of these two seasons
with corresponding periods of the two previous
pluvial years,We have this exhibit: Bain fall in
Autumn pf 1863 and Winter of 1868-9,27.030
inches; do; In autumn' 1869 and winter of
1868-70, 21.045 ; • doi : in' Autumn 1870: and
and Winter 1870 and’71; 17.848 inches,or 9.142
inches less than in 1868-9, arid 3.197 indies
less than the Autumn and Winter of last year.
Professor Barnwell, writing as long ago as
7th April, could not bring his reports by seasons
later than last Winter. We, however, give the
rainfall in March, whioh was 4.385 inches, "and
Mr. Boardman, in Maoon, has furnished us
with the rain fall in April, whioh was 5.580, or
6.965 for the months, Which is a good deal
above tho average; and it is probable that the
rain of May, whioh expired yesterday, will also
be slightly above the average; Bnt still the
whole season will not exceed the rain fall of the
Spring of 1860, whieh was 13.861, but it win go
ahead of last year, which was 11.086,'probably
by about two inohes, and still leave us with
about seven inches average compared with 1869,
and one or more a3 compared with 1870.
Upon the facts at the time of writing, (April
7) the Professor predicted an exoessiyely wet
summer, unless the three ,inohe3 of arrearage
then due should fall in' April and May. April,
we have seen, was very wet, whiTe.May-Tygs'only
moderately so. The arrearage has .not been
quite made up, and upon his hypothesis we may
expect moderately seasonable weather—perhaps
inclining to wet. Arranging Ms table for com
parison, and supplying May r I860, bjr conjec
ture, wosee how. the seasons run:- ... •
' , ' 1868-9.' 1869-60.
Autumn ..12.122 8.435
Winter..... 14.908 12.614
Spring 13 861 11.086
Bummer 5.844
Look at these figures for Autumn in the last
two columns, and see how it happened that
such big cotton crop3 were made ,and gathered.
There was an average of more than a third less
rain than was due at the season.;
Greeley on Over Production or Cot
ton. Bfflfcoite .
Mr. Greeley, in his late Address at the Hous
ton Agricultural Fair, says: - ;
I am not young, as you see; yet I cannot re
member a time when the South did hot affirm
and deplore an excessive addiction of hCr peo
ple to cotton. That eminent scholar and states
man, Huge S. Legare, alluded to it as a vener
able grievance, thirty odd years ago. Before
as well as since, every one remonstrated with
every one against tho iatnify which impelled
Southrons to plant so much cotton, exhorted all
to retrench and reform, and then slid away to
plant a few more acres than ever before. For
generations, it was reiterated as an axiom that
cotton culture depended on slavery; yet slavery
is dead, and we proddoed nearly one million
tuns of cotton in 1870—morG than in any former
year, with the exception of 1859 and I860. Yet,
in this year of grace, 1871, we have the old ory
from millions’. of throats—“Plant less cotton !”
—and I presume with the old result. The army-
worm, the boll-worm, may diminish the cotton
crop; expostulation, I judge, will not. I know
know no mere striking illustration of what St
Paul terms “the foolishness of preaching’.’ than-
this incessant yet fruitless clamor against grow
ing so much cotton.
Doubtless tbe remonstrants are right, as re
monstrants are apt to be. But, after two gen
erations of inoessant deprecation, the passion
for cotton planting seems as intense and per
vading as ever. The owner .of 1 a thousand ara
ble acres, after hearing all that . IS to be said
againBt it, plants almost exclusively cotton.
The poorest negro, who owns and rents a dozen
acres, puts iu Ms field of cotton, and takes Ms
chance for bread. He has endured less preach
ing on the snbjeot than his old master; but, had
he been lectured from infancy : on the madness
of cotton planting, he wonld have planted all
the samff. ’• ..
And this for a most obvious reason. Cotton
is money, and money is power. Cotton is of suoh
moderate bulk in proportion to its valueihat it
bears transportation far better than wheat, corn,
or fruit, or vegetables. It endures tropic suns
and arotic frosts without injury; it neither
molds, nor rots, nor rusts, nor pntrifles. -He
who ha* cotton to sell does not quake at the
footsteps, of the tax-gatherer, and can generally
look .the sheriff square in the face. ..
Presbyterian General Assembly.- i'be As
sembly was engaged, this momims M discuss
ing the report of the Committe* on Education,
appointed by the last Assemble on the proposi
tion to found a Presbyterian University under
the control of tb*- General Assembly. A great
many amcn*nents were offered to the plan
proposed »y the Committee, and elicited a great
deal at discussion, in which the speakers ex
hibited very diverse views. Some of them were
utterly opposed to founding a university at all,
as not within the scope of the objects and pow
ers of the General Assembly; some were op
posed to it because it wonld interfere with the
prosperity of other eduoational interests belong
ing to the Church; some dissented from the
committee’s plan* Finally, it was agreed that a
Board of Trustees appointed by the Assembly,
should be authorized to receive donations for a
ftO'J
From tbe Good Uorda for May!
unc Summer Song in the City.
utx
•sn.
os-
university, and the further consideration of a
specifto plan for the establishment of a univer-
( sity was postponed till the next meeting of the
The News also reports tha following collision ! General Assembly in Biohmond. Wo had not
of boats:
The “Anonyma” and the “Alice "WMte,”
while practicing in the river yesterday after
noon, collided near the Exchange Dock, the
bow of the “Anonyma" striking the “Alice
'White” abont amidanip, carried away one of the
outriggers and striking Mr. Geo. Schley in the
left side,.cutting a gash about four orfive inches
long, and bruising Mm badly. Also striking
Mr. Hal ScMey in the baok, and Mr. George
Haines upon the leg. Mr. ScMey, tMnking the
boat would fill with water, jumped into the
“Anonyma,” and was carried to the boat-b*“f e
of the “Forest City Boat Club,” where all the
boats that were near assembled. Schley,
McF&rland and Dnccan vtg** b °oii ia attend-
once, and Mr. Schley w*« brought to this side
of the river and cai»4®ff home. Wo hope the
injuries received aro not of a serious nature,
and that he v™ be abIe to witness if not par
ticipate in races.
Colonel Thweatt.—A note to the senior
from Colonel P. Thweatt acquaints us with the
fact that he has transferred Ms residence to
Atlanta. Colonel Thweatt, we lears, ln event
of the election of a Comptroller General, will be
• candidate for that office, wMch he formerly
Bun's Magazine yob u® Gram.—The
June number of tM> eapited monthly was out
yesterday. T** 11184 paper is No. 1 of a series
upon CM*® 60 : ** History-illustrated. The
Yon-g Explorers or Boy Life iu Texas is con
tinued, Port second of Mary Faith Floyd’s
story, the Spectre of Eaglet Cliff,-, is com
menced. Pictures from Froissart, by Paul H.
Hayne, illustrated, are represented by number
ten of the series. The Habits of Ants—Fire
side Amusements—Walter’s Holidays—Sowing
and' Heaping—Little -Effie—the ./Tableau of
Seven Days—The Three Giants—Black Lead
Pencils—and the usual Editorial Departments,
maltn up a .lively table of contents. This peri
odical should Aud its way Into every Southern
-family musical with the voices and sports of
children. Send, two dollara to J. W. Burke &
Go., and get it.: ■ --
The first record of paper money is found in
held with entire satisfaction to the public and the scriptural account of the dove’s bringing the
much to tbeflnterest of the people. ~ green back to Noah in the ark. rrr - • | :
,-roia0 airpafc Xefe** =-•*- ***“ 9dt ^^
the pleasure of listening to the debate, but leam
that it was conducted with much spirit p* 1
ability, as might be expected from so aj'*’ a °d
learned a hodj.—HunttviUe fltwsi™ 1 *
eoeebt bcchanan.
This is the time of fresh winds blowing;' ~ i
. . A And cuckoo-call* and heather-bells;
This is the time when streams are flowing .
Down the green mist of dreamy dells:
Pcesy, O, Poesy,
i c: Stay m London lanes trithme.^3:
- In tha deep valley spring winds hoverj I
£5fc|;; Shalcing tha daw from thwr rffl haft* • %
Beyond the.cool shade of the lover,. ....'
The mower eweatawith sleepy stare:' •“ ,v * J
• •.!. Color and and sweet meloay.ir
Filla tha forest greenery. , J£ .. <
c i The mavis sings, ‘Toung lover, lover, ;
Be quick, be quick—kiea eweet, kias tweet.”
The young love breathes as sweet' as clover:
- ' The old love hangs like ripen’d wheat—
Misery. O Misery!
Doeat thou listen ? canst thou see ?
.lo .The soent of summer floateth hither, : 'a
. ..Into tha dull streeta’whitening blaze;
The white clouds part, and eyealook thither,
From thirsty lanes and weary ways:
j,. Charity, O Charity 1 , ~ ,
Scatter thy bright seed fearlessly.
Nor shady bowers, nor summer gold,
Pleasure the souls that lie so deep:
Only the beggar is less cold, ’■
7 ax: And feels a drowsier thirst for sleep::
Poesy, O Poesy!.
- ' • Whisper eweet to Buch as he.
OJ .-•• . :: . • : ■ ■ :
When with the grain, all England quivers,
When nuts grow milky, wheat ears burst—
: ? .When dearly sparkle all the rivers;’ ■ - r ir
Ah, tobe hungry and athirat! ,
Water and bread, O charity,
Bring to poor humanity. •
Dark is the poor one’s hearth and lonely,
He would not learn he would hot know;'
He deaves tflb blessed wheat bread only,
Not the sweet light that makes it grow.
Fruit of the forbidden tree
!W Were but aour to misery! •:.<> «: a
Now all the days are ricli with beauty,
And other angele roam elsewhere, ' c "
. 0 Poesy, here lies thy duty, - ru mor
In darker days and fouler air— r ..',. .
Poesy, O Poesy!
Fold tby wings and do not fled.
While all the plains are heavy laden,
r.;n. Andricher grows tho ripening ear;
Pause in tby place, Q heavenly Maiden! ...
Gather thy harvest with no fear—
-'Letotherangelswanderfree,'
S»7 thou Amen to .Charity! *• •; .
,' S ‘®P Fulling Fodder.
What, then, are we to do, if wo don’t pull
fodder? Oar horooo And naulea moist Jhavs for
age, and then there ia no other forage as good
as corn fodder. Both remarks are true. We
must have forage, and com' fodder is more rel
ished than any other forage. But then it may
be too expensive tp be used to profit. Canvass-
back ducks and champagne make a very agree
able dinner, but they are beyond the reach of
mostpuraes. 1 1
1. One of, the great, objects of the Southern
farmer should bo to save labor. Fodder pulling
is among the most laborious and thankless op
erations of the farm. Few persons have re-
fleeted that, in the process of pulling and sav
ing fodder, every blade or leaf on the com
stalks in a field of one hundred or several hun
dred acres is handled' by the fodder-pullers—a
process how tedious and expensive. It is our
belief that one dollar per hundred pounds, or
twenty dollars per ton, will not cover tho first
cost of pulling and saving fodder. Under the
old system, when negro women were as useful
in fodder pulling as men, the expense was tol
erable; with our present-inferior hired labor,
itis simply intolerable.: Added to the expense,
it should be remembered that accurate experi
ments have proved that the los3 in weight to
tho com is quite equal to the value of the fod
der pulled and saved. <• .
What are the substitutes? If a farmer haa a
meadow of plover, timothy, herd’s gross, or bet
ter, than all, lucerne, the answer is very easy.
A good mower will cut eight to ten acres of grass
in si day. With a good horse hay rake and hay
tedder, the process of saving hay is greatly econ
omized so mnoh so that hay can be sold at a.
moderate profit at ten dollars per ton.
Bnt where there are no artificial meadows
crab grass can be inade a very fair substitute.
Take a pieoe of ground that was in stubble l*d
year, and therefore.well filled with crab s* 038
seeds. Manure it heavily with nitrogenoas, not
phosphatic, manures. Plow; them in, not deeply.
Let the ground remain in this condit“ n > 80 88
to allow the first crop of weeds to ^ ri ng up.
When they have fairly shown thj-^ 6 ” 08 ! P‘ ow
them in. harrow the ground.-* 110 make it per
fectly smooth with the rol 1,r - H is genearally
believed that the ; ind)' of S 1 * 53 nearest the
ground is tho most noifitous part of the plant.
Cut the grass as soo 1 aa ® 1810 flower, save it
with care, and the* 8130 * bestowed will be abun
dantly repaid. ...
Another suW titul ° * or fndder, and not one-
half as expe’rive, is drilled com to be cut and
cured. M* 8 ® the neeessary quantity of ground
very rich ^th nitrogenous manures, Break it
up deepy aod thoroughly. Lay it off iu rows
three *>et apart, sow three bushels of com to
the affe, and keep it dean by subsequent culti
vation. Whenthe com is in tassel, cut itdown,
leaving at proper intervals a standing stalk. If
the weaker be good, let it cure on the ground
for achy. Then stack it around the stalks left
standing: making the little stacks not larger than
oca i» clasped around by the arms of a man at
about tbe height of Ms shouldera. -Bind .the
stackwith one of the stalks. If the weather haa
beei bad, it may be necessary to open these
ghtoks to dry. Let the stacks remain until the
stalks and loaves are well cured, and then haul
them into the bam or to the larger stack where
they are to remain. In this way an immense
amount of excellent forage can be save from an
acre of land. A good straw cutter will, howev
er, be absolutely necessary, in order to dispose
of it profitably. iC
Still another substitute is a crop of peas broad
cast, if the land be heavily manured; if not,
drilled in rows three feet apart, and plowed
twice. The vines shonldbe cut when a portion
of the peas have begun to ripen. They should
cure for a day on the ground, and then be put
iu cocks about five feet high, and &3 small in
circumference as they can be made to allow
them to stand up well. The air can then pass
readily through them, and both leaves and st-* 113
will be ccred of a nice color. If too r» a °b ex -
posed to the sun, the leaves will wit Jidr and fall
off, and only the stems be left. rot mules, cat
tle and sheep, Dea vine W 18 ao admirable
forage. - t..
An excellent re' 1 -* 066 ioT winter feed, in the
absence of w“* er grasses, is oats sowed early,
say the l~ ,f working of cotton. There are two
kinruof winter oats which we have seen. One
m called the Grazing oat, and the other the
Bonner oat. Both stand the winter well, and
afford excellent fall and winter pasturage. The
grazing does not injure the oat crop. Aside
from winter grasses, oats or rye or barley
(where the land is rich enough) is perhaps the
cheapest form of wintering stock wMchisnot
worked—for them, we must have forage.
We conclude as we began. Stop pulling fod-
dea and adopt either of the above substitutes,
by wMch a saving of labor and money will be
effected.—The Plantation.
Some Carious Resalts or Tornadom
Noted by a Core ml Observer.
From the Columbus (8. O.) Union, May 20.) J
The frequency of tornadoes throughout tbe
South this year renders, anything concerning
their peculiar freaks pf-mom. than, ordinary in
terest. Hardly a week has passed eince the
breaking up ofthe Winter in wMch several have
not Been chronicled, more or less disastrous to
Hfe, and always destructive to: property.
Georgia and Tennessee have been,most fra-
qaentiy.visited, but other States have had all
they desire of these peculiar visits.
The properties of tornadoes are riot satisfac
torily accounted for by scientific J men. Ia tire
summer 01.1864 :wo watched, one of the mon
sters—for they can be designated by no other
terms—from its first appearance, near the
mouth of Wycomico river, on the Virginia
shore, from whioh point it connected with a
water-spoefc, lemming. , the shape of an hour
glass, which finally crossed toward Point Look
out, on the Maryland side. After traveling
about eight iriil6ir thrigunboats destroyed toe
water-spout by firing several shells into 4t,
when the tornado,. with lightning - velocity,
shot up nearly an eighth of a mile, after
which it pursued a zigzag course, striking first
near the shore, destroying several huge com
missary buildings as if they'were made of
straw, ard severely wounding many men. It
then agjdtt Bhot up in the air, the next descent
striking in.the midst,of a dozen hospitals stand
ing very closely together, and filled, with one
exception, with wounded Confederate soldiers.
Singularly, the ; nnt>ccnpled building was taken
up by the tornado as dean as if moved from toe
spot in the usual manner, and in its course up
again, was carried far cut of sight into the bay,
leaving no trace of the wreck beMnd.
On this occasion one spike was picked up by
the wind, from among * number which lay upon
the wharf, and was. carried a distance of fifty
yards and then deeply lodged in tho shoulder
of a guard on duty, inflicting a serious wound.
Ip 1807, we watched the course of one of
these tornadoes in Georgetown county, In this
State. After twisting down and:, uprooting a
large number of the hugs oaks wMch formed
the avenue on the plantation, some of’wMdh
were carried long distances, killing cattle and
wounding tbe plantation hands, it shot out into
the open field, and struck a.trim looking oak of
about afoot in diameter,, that stood, by itself,
and entirely exposed to the fury of the.blast-
After the occurrence we examined this oak, and
although it had not been started from its roots,
nor had it tost a.branch, even to the smallest,
the. bark was completely , taken off from toe
whole tree, even to the smallest of the twigs,
as clean as if done by mechanical
Boabd or Education.—The next meeting bf
the Bibb County Board of Education will be
held next Tuesday, and at that time it is hoped
that toe Board will be advised of the action of
toe county authorities In respect to imposing a
county educational tax and be able to adapt
their own action to the situation. We hope to
see a full meeting of the Board.
Judge Wsl F. Wilbuen, an old and worthy
citizen of tMs oounty, died very suddenly of
heart disease last Tuesday night He had beep
laboring under the disorder for some time, bnt
daring the night Ms wife being aroused by Ms
struggles had not. time to strike a light before
he had passed away. - ',; ' | *
Tbe Democratic Revolution In Ohio.
Correspondence of the SunJ0 rovc-at-g ... sn
Cincinnati, May 23.—It is no secret jn toe
inside political circles here that Yallandigbam
was not the first author of the new departure of
the OMo Democracy. Wafch. McLean, of the
Enquirer undoubtedly had a hand in it Mo-
Lean, who is tho shrewdest of Mt . Western
Democratic managers, knows better than any
body else that the hopes of his handsome young
friend, George Pendleton, are blasted, and .that
Young Greenbacks has ; no more chance at toe
Presidency than he has of going to heaven in a
hand basket. And Wash, isn’t the tnnn to put
up his stake on a loaiDg nag. Mr. Yallandig-
ham was selected to open toe ball,'becauseTat
is endowed with enough clear grit to make no
half-way work of it; and, in the next place, be
cause if there bo any man in tho State who can
lead the irreconoilables of tbe hoop-po’e dis
tricts to accept the situation; if ia he. .. '. >
The result shows that the right man was se
lected to make the break. The Democracy
throughout tho State, so far as he»rd from, ac
quiesce in the new departure. The anti-Grant
Republicans, who number thousands hereabout,
hail the movement with andisgnised safisfito-
tiomRitid horijJAWi urawan 1 ■
The success of Valkndigham’s movement
means the nomination cf the Hon. Wm. 8.
Groesbaok for soverridr. The vote of Homll-
ton county (Cincinnati and suburbs) will decide
the State election, and Mr. Groesbaok can carry
this county against either Wade or Noyes, for
he get a large Republican vote from those
t/Co are sick of Grant’s regime and of a dishon
est Administration, whose : dishonesty is only
exceeded by its stupidity. As am indication of
the drift of ^affairs, it is noteworthy that the
“Central Republicans,” almost to a man, are
openly for Groesbeek.. They trust Mm when
he save that the constitutional amendments are
a finality, and none in this city question that ha
makes that declaration in good faith. The Cen
trals are fdr-' him for Governor first, and then
for the Presidency. ... - tntrO
The Labor Problem—A New and El-
feetnal Plan to Secure Help.
From thoMt. Sterling-(Ky.) Sentinel. J
General John Si Williams, of “Oerro Gordo”
notoriety, and who distinguished himself in the
Confederate army in the late war, is now largely
engaged in farming near Mb Sterling. He in
forms us that l&styear.he had great difficulty in
procuring settled and reliable labor from toe
negroes in his employ. This year he has liit
upon a happy plan, ana no longer has any
trouble. He has several families of, negroes
living on his farm, the heads of whioh are en
gaged in the crop. He has erected upon his
place a large and commodious school-house.
The negroes have employed a colored teacher,
whom the General pays monthly oat of too
wages of the parents. Abont forty children sure
in daily attendance at the school, and many of
them, the General informs us, are apt to learn
and are making good progress. The teacher is
a tolerable scholar, and governs his charge well.
On Sundays, instead of fishing, and hunting,
and idling, the parents gather up their ohildren
and repair to the school-house where a Sunday-
school is taught, all taking part in the exercises,
and occasionally the Rev. Mr. Team, the Epis
copal minister, goes on Sunday afternoons, and
talks to toe quiet, orderly and well-behaved little
congregation. The General says that he now
has no trouble to secure labor; the negroes with
Lim work well arid are content. Indeed, ho has
been thronged with applicants who desire to
live on his tssm, that they may have the bene
fits of education for their children.
ji would be well for those engaged to any ex
rent in fanning to bit upon similar expedients.
The negro is part of the population, and we
should, as far as practicable^ aidithemin their
endeavors to secure stready work, and to school
their cMldren. Such conduct will promote toe
•best interests of both races.
The CMcago correspondent of the Louisville
Daily Ledger, iu alluding to the proceedings of
the Baptist anniversaries held at Chicago, says:
Tho session of the Baptist Home Missionary
Society this afternoon, was very stirring. It
wad opened by D. Fuller Barton, whose remarks
in reference to toe education of toe freedmen
of Richmond implied strong opposition to the
efforts to educate negroes, and denounced them
as unsuccessful and'wrongly directed and con
ducted. • ! -
Dr. Tiohenor, of Memphis, followed in an ex
cited speech. He took the ground that the ac
tion of the Executive Committee in- founding
schools for freedmen would injure toe negroes,
they having been so long in servitude that they
were not prepared for God’s purposes. They
were not developed sufficiently to sustain the
pressure of education. Moral development must
come before intellectual education. Without
this, Christian principles are bad for all men.
[Hisses throughout toe house.] Dr. Fish, of
Brooklyn, rose to a point of order; every man,
he thought, had a right to express Ms opfnfon.
Dr. Uchenor then resumed. He had no idea,
he said, that Ms words would cause suoh anger.
Neither hisses nor bayonets ever turned & man
from his convictions, if he was a man in heart
andsouL
A female in the gallery here cried onti ^Ure
wisdom of man is foolishness without God.”
Dr. Tiohenor said that ha bad a tlgh respect
for the ladles, and as rtiey seemed to take the
field, he would retire. .
Dr. Penieocst, of Brooklyn, asked if Northern
teachers were ostracised ia the Sonth.
Dr. Burroughs said they were not
