Newspaper Page Text
Telegraph & Messenger.
J
WEDNESDAY MOUNINO, JCEY 1C, ]87.1.
bibb coexiy rrsuiu schools.
ncroRT or the srmiSTr.snr.Tr.
To the Board of Education and Orphanage:
OxsTuaEi-i report of public school opera
tions in this city and county from lh« first of
February to the doss of the scholastic year,
Juno 27th, 1873, Is respectfully submitted:
In entering npon my doties the first of Feb
ruary, I found the city schools suspended in
oonieqnenoe of the prevalence of small-pox.
In the connty five schools were in operation
and several applications were on file in the
ofiloo of the President from communities desir
ing pnblie schools. Daring the month six ad
ditional schools were opened, two for white
children, and four for negroes. One established
in the fall, expired by limitation and was ac
cordingly closed. Other schools wero opened
daring the months of March and April, and so
far as 1 am aware every section desiring school
facilities t». t.«-<-n >applied for at least three
months.
In compliance with instructions from the
Board the reboots in the c.ty were re-openrd
the first Monday in March. After seeing the
buildings and rooms occupied by these schools
end the accommodations and equipments pro
vided, I was saurfiid that their continn«cee
would be prrjodiatai to the oaose of education
in ' "it c'.ly. The rooms need wcr<-, rxr-pt in
one insUnos, wholly nnsclted to the purposes
in view, and the furniture and appliances ill
Adapted and scant. Indeed, the impression had
already been made that public schools were only
another name for poor schools, and that the
primary, If not solo, object of their establlsh-
raa to provide educational facilities for
of tho masses; that the presenoe of a good ! presented to those who heve this interest in the rx'ent of providing suitable furniture for
school end cheap ednoenonsl advantages aft- eta j charg*. the ap(>oiutment of the teaohera would | two of the rooms iu this building. With his
every department ct business, and that there- t* ). it entirely with the II >ard. Tne other ■ • - - ■ — J j-ai-
fore every intereet, every department of tu»i- school baa I*--a taught in the "Afrio-in Metho
_. _ been taught in the
ness shonld contribute to tbur support end dut C.bnrch," on Colton avenue, by Lew
insiotensues. Ihe legal bearing of itn. priDti- I Wi!li«ms, colored, awrie’ed by J inei Brooks,
pie I will not discuaa tortbsr than to say if it is | colored, and Mis. M. E South. At no time
right to tax the people to pnolah criminals, it is j since I entered npon my duties has there been
cot only right hot wise to tax them to prevent I a necessity for this school. All tbe children
men from beooming criminals; if it La right to I could at any time have been aooommodated
Ux men to support courts and build j*::. and I tbs Lewis School finding, where th« facilities
(•enuentfaries, it fa right to tax them to do sway I are of a superior character. When the schools
with the necessity for these things. j were opened last Octota* r, however, more ihan
oocstst icnoons. I a hundred children applied who oonid not be
Our oonntry aotoois In operation in February j received into the LewiaScbo.il, and this building
were located as follows : Fjintkrs' Academy, In I being offered, a school w«s opened, and ihe
Kutlsnd District; Sardis School, in Rutland number in attendance at both places exceeded
D.strict; Ceotrai Point School, In Godfrey's Uix hundred. The very great falling eff is due
District; Hamlin Academy, in Marion District; I chkfly to the adoption and enforcement of a
Mrt. Jewoit’sSchool, in Itoward's Diatriot; and rule, the first of March, requiring all in attend
two schools on Windsor Hill. The colored I auoe to provide tbemselrm with Deedfnl books,
schools w<ro located as followj; Stinsonville ( Coder the prorioas arrangement very little
School, in Hineville District; 8w.f; Cr« k good, could be accomplished, and the ciasMe
School, in East Msoou District;" Union Church I were making no progress whatever. Sines that
School, in Hazard Diat7ict; and Howard Chapel I time the work has been very satisfactory.
School, in Howard's District I lam sari 1 fl id that in providing for the colored
In March schools were opened at the follow- I children within tbe corporate limits it will not
ing places: Bailey's Mills, in VinevilJe District, be necessary to furni.h accommodations for
about three m*!*? vest of the city; Shiloh I msre than fonr hQLdrtd tod fifty. Itisg^ner-
Obnrcb in Godfrey District, and Dole’s school- erally found that of the entire school population,
boose in Hazard District; also oolored schools except in cities where the publio school system
at St. Matthew's ecbool-bonse, in Hazird Dis- baa been long established, only about two-
trlct, and in Dnlonville, about two miles west thirds of the whites and one-third of the negroes
of the city. In April a eolorod school was are all that can afford or can be induced to at-
opened in Holland District. I believe there tend school. The attendance in the colored
are no private schools In the connty outside of school during the past four months verifies this
the city limits, and In most instances the peo- estimate as to that class. If, then, we can se-
ple are highly pleased with the woik ng of the cure the Lewis School building for tho next
publio school system. Io a few instances, from I year the wants of our oolored population will be
a misapprehension of the natnre and aim of the I amply provided for. I respectfnlly reoommend
schools, tbe best people in the community took I that correspondence be at once entered into with
no intereet in them and wero to be satisfied to I the American Missionary Society in reference
hare their school-houses occupied by men of to the building,
very limited qtuIifloiUozu. I ixTEN’nos of the system.
Finding, however, that the schools were not It is intended, of course, to make onr system
intended for the poor cxolosiTely, bnt for all I a comprehensive one, embracing the whole city
the people io the neighborhood, and that thay I and providing for ail daises of onr people. In
had the privilege of aeiectingiheir teacher with undertaking to do this at once, we encounter a
the single restriction that he must bo a person I very serious obstacle. There are no bnildfngs
who bolds a certificate of qualification, they at I in the city adapted to onr purpose. It is a sad,
once manifested Increased interest in the scbooL j lsmrctsble fsot tbs', with the exception of the
The schools are generally very pcorly provided | brildiog erected by a Northern society for the
with fnrnltnre and Other nqusites; bnt under I education of the negTces, we have not a school
the present Ryatem tho cost of education being building in our city that would be recognized as
so much reduced the people will be enabled to such. We nre assort d, however, by the present
spend more money tn ereotiDg and equipping I administration that this state of things shall not
school bouses. The disposition to furnish bet-1 continue, and that by December we shall nave
lor accommodations will increaeo too, as it be-1 at least ono school building tn the southern part
oomea generally understood that the teacher is I of the city whiob will accommodate fonr bun-
required to keep tbe building, furniture and I dred children. This will enable ns to provide
fixtures in good condition and that bis school I for sbout half tbe number that will be able to
is Inspected at least once a month by tbe super-1 avail themselves of school privileges,
intendent whose duty it is to see that it is eQ- For East Macon we have a building which
ctently managed. I hope to be able by plain I will see -mmodate one hundred and fifty. But
practical talks with tbe people to stimulate their I it will not do to stop here. To do this wonld be
pride and get them to concentrate their efforts neither jost nor wise. All our citizens contrib-
a nd energies npon this common inf oresb It is I nte to tbe support of tbe schools and they should
eminently trno that a school is the very best eojoy their benefits. It is unwise, too, to create
index of the social, moral and intelieotnal status and stimulate a division of sentiment among
of a community, and faithfnily reflects the I our people in regard to education in our city,
character and sentiments of the people among I If we fail to provide for all there will be a de-
irbom it ik located. I respectfully recommend | mand tor private pay schools, and where there
that tho superintendent bo allowed to use in I is a demand there will be an effort to supply it.
his discretion, five hundred dollars in aiding j The two systems are antagonistic, and the see
the people in the country to provide convenient I com of the one is tho overthrow of the other,
desks for their school-rooms, blackboards, eta I For a season a useless war will be waged, but
the children cf poverty. Nearly all of onr best
citlzena declined to patronize them, and manl-
tested no Interest In their welfare, while tbe
opponents of tbe system saw In them e com
plete fnlfilmcnt of their predictions and a per
fect vindication of their opponition. In view
of these circumstances I was fully persuaded it
wonld be better to let the schools remain closed
nntil we were preparod to Insngnrate them on •
der more favorable anspicex At a called meet
ing of tho Board In Febrmry, however, it was
decided that tho teachers bad been engaged for
the year, and tfaero seemed to be no alternative
bnt to resume and continue tbe schools nntil
the expiration of tbe time sgrecd nport.
A oourse of study was prepared and sub
mitted to tbe Commltteo on Teachers and Text
Books, as required by the regulations for tbe
government it tho schools. The oonrso is what
is usually termed tbe grammar or district school
oourso. It erpbraoes tne first seven yesraof the
child's school life, and famishes a substantial
elementary education. Eicb yaar of tbe oourse
represents a grade or class, and where tbe
grades are all complete all the pupils under _
any one teacher constitute ft single class and I j n co instance, however, should any help be I gradually misapprehension, ignorance and pre
panne lbs same slndiex Tbe work for escb I e x( en ded umil tbe acbool building baa been I jndice will give way before a movement which
year is such as can be well and thoroughly ac- I piustd in snoh condition as to warrant the I promotes tbe general good and saves money in
oompltsbed by tne mediocre scholars of the class, I tescher in becoming responsible for tbe articles the pockets of tbe people. But no war la ptef-
and the average pupil entering onr schools in | famished. I erable even to an easy victory, and when it is
tbo seventh or lowest grade will oomplete the I Thus far I have not definitely fixed school I possible to concentrate our whole people npon
course in seven yean. To those unacquainted [ in u, 8 country, bnt wherever a suitable a matter of such importance to onr city, we
w ith tbe practical working of ft system of graded | building was offered, I constituted that the shall be inexcusable if we fail to use every rea-
scbools, tbe course would seem to be wanting I centor 0 f a aohool diatriot, and every one within I sonable means for its aooomplistment. It is
in flexibility and proernstenn tn iu tendency. lw0 m u 8 * a nd , naif wia expected to patronize clearly onr policy to inangnrate onr system
To say that children are to nearly eqn.l in ca- j jj, 8 j„ ono or tw0 c f the-more Ihicklv I folly and to furnish all equal facilities; and if
painty that If afforded the same facilities they , ettIc< j motions the schools are within fonr miles we cannot get another bnilding erected in the
will move along pari pauu and accomplish. ot ekctl other. Tbe average attendance re- northern part of tho city, I recommend Hut
in ft given time, tho samo amount of mental I qaired was thirty pupils, end in esse the number I rooms be rented end famished in that section
work, is to those who have never experimented I M1 belo „ tbj , far tTO ooneecntive weeks ths j for the accommodation of all who desire to nt-
in this direction an absurd proposition. As a Khoo1 m discontinued until such time as I tend.
genoral rule, howevor, It la eminently tme. I bo altered the attendance would warrant I mon schools.
Children are tbo same In all places, anil the ar- iu resumption. Ono new school house has been To adapt our aehoola to the wants of til of our
gument that tboao from f.nob and such classes . 8reo ted and donated Io tbe Board lobe tutd for I people, it will b» necessary to extend onr pres-
of aooiety aro more difficult to control and teach a p n bIio acbool for white children. Tbe first ent course of atndy. In most cities tbe extended
than those from other olassca is no where Us- I community tbusto lead off in tbe good work is I or high school coarseembraoes all the branches
tened to by Superintendents of extensive ays-1 represented by Mr. Samuel P. Bailey. The I usually studied in college preparatory echools
tems embracing Urge ccmmunlties. Such a I building la situated midway between the Colnm-1 and tbe Freshman or first oolloge class, thus
plea on tbo part or a teacher is set down si an I bn „ Bo jJj an J tho Meooo and Western Bsilroad, I fitting boys to enter the Sophomore or socond
evidenceof a want of tact and skill in tbe man. I >bont ml i u ,nd , half from tbo Court- I college class. Tbo course for girls Is tho same
ngomool and Instruction of ills classes. It most | bon9C I except that French is usually substituted for
notbesupposed, howovor.that onr graded! y item A „ ^ eo | ore a tobools in the oonntry. with Greek.
makes no provision for the inequalities in chil- I ons exoep Uon. have been taught in obnrcb I In preparing a high eehool oourse In onr sys-
dren produced by n difference in facilities and hBl | d | n ™. x n Hazard District a small log bouse tem it seems to mo some reference should be
opportunities; tbo: It is a Procnstes bed npon WM bnilt fot ioboot pn vposes exelasively, bnt it bad to tbo colleges in our city. I am disposed
whiob tbo brightest and tho dullest most be I j8 , mtr8 pep , not high enough to admit of one's to think that for many reasons our course should
stretched alike, and to whiob nil rnnst adapt I 8tan gj nR eroo t in it except directly under the not extend farther than the Freshman year in
thomeolvos. Itis mobile and floxible, not drag- riaR0 .pJ le . jg j, „ „tep tn the right direction, Mercer University. In the first place the num-
glng tbe alow nor retarding tho quick. The I ho £ evel . ao d „honId bo commended. I ber who will enter onr high sohoo! annually will
work of tlio grndo laid down for a year’s study In th8 management of Ihe country schools be comparatively small; for manv years not
can and shonld bo passed over by tho class in a for (b „ ensaing year the following policy has exceeding perhaps twenty-five of each sex.
half year. A written examination dUcioaea tbs I - - - * 1
ftot, howe ver, that not more than one-eightn of I mnn j t _ w
tho claw, those who have superior adrant.gig at of gt leartthirt y scholars n'schooi for six months I eonolnd* that neatly all who intend to complete
homo or greater maturity and strength of mind, I m ^ organized. Thrro local managers, op-I tbe college course will leave onr school. This
retain what tboy learnod and aro prepared to poinl<l( ] bv tb8 p r88 id e nt of tho Board, or the would reduoe onr highest class to a mere hand
ailvanco. Those sro promoted to tlio next I rrnBtB8 . w bere each exist, have tbe privilege fnl and we oonid not afford to continue it.
grade, and tbo seven eighths remaining go back of flriDR th8 Hme fot tb8 rehoo i to opeDi and Secondly, when wo enter upon tbe legitimate
and ro-onter npon their work. This promotion, I , l80 wbet hnr tt shill continue six oonseo- work of tbe colleges, we place ourselves ind rect
taking place slmnllsnoonsly in ail the grades of | nUy8 m3Dth , or be tanght tn two terms of three eompetition with them and at once create oppo-
the course, wlthont adding to tho number of I mont hs each. They also have the privilege of sition that will be detrimental to both systems,
pupil* in any of tbe elamea, increases very ms- [ 80 | cc tj nR their teacher, provided they confine I To confine ourselves to the work not properly
tertally nnlformity nml effloienoy. In kseb I themselves in tbeir choice to a person who holds I belonging to the colleges wo will need a two
oUm tbo few bright pnpth who have outstrip- I M ji^nae to teach nraDtcd by the Superinfeod- [ years* coarse embracing all tbe studies usually
—> .w-i_ A * w ‘ -—‘ 1 — 1 - admission to tho Freshman class
rhsractfristic promotness and ccmmendabla
1 bera’i y. be acthor r-d the parvhaee of forty
doable «le*.k4 cf the most approved pattern.
1 Lo were famiahed by W. A. 8iajmaher,
from bit factory in Atlanta, at a coat of about
two hundred and fifty dollars. A third room
was fitted ap with the best of the old dedcs,
and tbe scLodI that equipped comfortably ao
commodates one hundred and eight popils.
With a small ezpenditore for furniture for the
fourth room, we oan provide in this building
for ai( thb children in Esat Macon, together
with those in the eastern part of the citroa this
*id«? of tte river. TLe smooth wall in each
room running the fall length of the bnilding
shonld be converted into a blackboard tor a
perpendicular tpace of three feet, and I re
spectfully recommend that this be done before
the opening cf the echools for another year.
COXCLVFIOS.
In conclusion, I taka pleasure in teatifyitg fo
the failhfol manner in which tbe teachers have
performed their dntie®. They have labored
cbeerfnliy in tbe fioe of disoonraging embar
rassments, and h«ve manifested the utmost
readiness to comply with every rtqnirement.
My intercourse with them has been of the meet
pleasant character, aud in whatever degree I
have been t-nooeasful in my work, that snocesa
is largely dne to their cordial support and co-
opsraticn-
To the Board I acknowledge my appreciation
of the coLfidence reposed in me, aud the kind
treatment received at their hands.
Beepectfnlly submitted.
B. M. Zzttleb, SnperinteLd;nt.
Macon, Ga., July 11. 1873.
ELDER HOUSE
Indian Spring, Ga.
T HI* well known honae is cow open to those
who visit the 8prmg for health or pleaeare.
It is eitaated nearer tbe Spring than any other
public bon-e, snd ;» Fpscious ard comfortable.
Ths table is supplied with the best the market
affords.
Every attention is given to invalids who reeort
to the waters of the Spring for health.
Kates ot Board*
Per day.... $ 2 00
Per week 10 LO
Per month 35 00
liberal deduction made for large families.
W. A. ELDER A kON,
Proprietors.
b. s. shea. j. it srrnx. 7. m. shjlbpe.
RHEA. SMITH <fc CO.
GraiB, Hay, Flour aid FrovMoas.
Ohio River Salt Company’s Agents,
32 sons M1RKET ST., NASHVILLE, TENS.
ORDERS SOLICITED.
RzrEBZxcE: Sejmcnr, Ticeley A Co; Coleman
A Newsom Johnson A Smith; Gamblo, Beck A
Co * api20 8m
G. W. MoCREADY,
GENERAL COMMISSION MERCHANT,
And Wholesale Doaler in
Flour, Meal, Hay, Corn, Oats,
Apples, Potatoes, Onions. Putter, Cheese, Eggs,
No. luS West Main Street, Bet. Third aud Fourth,
‘ZiOtrxBVzriXiS, kit.
Give prompt attention to fitting orders for Mer
chandise
Agent for -Hart’s” Beater Hay Tress.
apr2S 3m
N. S. JOKES,
PROVISION BROKER,
No. 3 Fike'e Opera House Building,
OXTJCXNIff^LTX. OHIO,
Orders for Fork. Bacon, Hams and Lard
promp.l.' attended to.
Refera to Seymour, lint ley ACo. mayll Sm
GREAT OFFER I Bf,
vrtlidhjKweot 2ft> PIANOS andOIU
WATERS k
... - Hrcalw.iy. N.
md ORGANS offirsC-i
class makers, including WATERS*, at extremely low I
I rice* for cam, or part cash, and balance in small
monthly payments. New 7-octave first-clas3 Pianos,
all modera improvements, for $f!5 cash. Oreans
$55, $75. DoublelleedOrgans, $i.00; i-stop, $U0; 8»|
,:0P WATERS’ U CONCKRT0 PARLOR ORGANSK
are the moet brauli'ul in ityle and perfect rates,
ever made. Tho CONCERTO STOP ii the beet ever
placed in any organ. It i-produbed by athiidsetof
reeds vcculUrlr voiced, ihe effect of which ir most
chancing and loul-stirriur, while its imitation of the
Ihumae voice is superb. Terms liceral. Illustrated
catalogues mailed for one ttsmn. A liberal discount
to misistera churc ics. ttundax-aehocls, lodges, ete.
Agints wanted.
ped their fellows aro advanced to the next ent The teacher of auoh a school, if for white I required for
grade, where they find --.emaclves bronght in I obifdren. receive* $ SO per mootn, If for no- [ in main college*. If the cnrricnlum of Wes-
competition with scholars, who, tbongb moil- Rro8 . *35. Where there it an attendance leyan Female College shonld remain unchanged
ante, bavo lbo Advantage of a partial knowl J j ir p e enough to require the sorvieea of an aa- I the giria who graduate from onr high school
edgo of tho work to bo aocompllahed. Tbe I teacher, if tne bnilding is ao oonatrueted would be prepared to enter the Junior class in
former are stimulated bv being placed aome- I „ .dtaie of being divided into two rooms, or I that institution. Bat I am assured by the Pres-
what bohlnd. and the latter, foelmg that they {( ^ pl8roQ8 wi u a t00Wi . i 8rB8t E8 i 8ry ident, Dr. Myers, that the course ol study will
havo tho start in th* race, take fresh courage I „£]] be p,jd ( 8 the principal and S<0 allowed | be considerably advanced, and that there will
and strive to maintain the lead to the end. Thi* I for tbo assistant. In neighborhoods isolated I be no room for antagonism. We have nowin
fealnre tn the system oannot very well be shown I 8I1 d not . b j 8 to f nmish the required attendance I onr schools ten or twelve scholars who are pro
to a printed oonrso or atndy, and some persons, . gejtein .am Is appropriated, and the people pared to take np the studies of the high school,
supposing that every child who enters onr 8Ip88t ,d t 8 supplement it snfilalently to so- and it wonld be well for tho Board to take some
aobools wonld be compelled to contract or ex-1 . tocher; but in no case Is the teacher action at onoe looking to its establishment,
pand himself in order to snngly fill np the allowed to charge or collect tuition. By special With our course exteeded so as to connect our
allotted space, very property objected to the t gneniant, for good reasons, a school may aDo system with the colleges we shall have, in Ma-
oourse adopted. ha allowed to continue ten months of the year oon, educational facilities superior to those of
The work laid ' " *
seven
of the tiouthera cities where graded schools aro I far (o’which this privilege has been accorded. I Female College in reference to free seholsr-
ln operation the time fixed for tho completion I eximisatioxs. - ships that exists with Mercer University, our
of their work is eight years. In Morophis and I q^ 8 ia 8t weeks in Jana were devoted to advantages would bo unsurpassed by auy city
KL Louts, however, the time fixed is, as with wr it t , n examinations In tbe schools. As tho in the whole country,
ns, seven years. If there is a city North'or 1 n8W . Rri( jed course was not entered npon until I uoninm.
South in which this work Is dono in less than I tb8 firet of jiarch. It was not expected that the I hpvo prepared a number or edlitloual regn
seven years I havo no knowlrdgo of It, while I 8 i 8n ilnations would be very satisfactory. Nor I Istions for the govommect of the schools, and
there aro Tory many in which nine years are eonI( j the _ b8 altogether relied upen ar tests of respectfully urge their adoption by the Board,
allowed for Its completion. It may l>o heat, I , b8 teacher's efficiency, for the plan of teaching I The regulations, together with onr coarse of
before leaving this subject, to offer a fow argu-1 i8 80 difTorent from that of an ungraded school I stndy and tho aot of incorporation, should be
ments lu favor of the graded system Bud to show tba t JTen experienced teaohera find some em- I published in pamphlet form and distributed for
wbetein diffeis from i rgini- oarris-mt':-.!
ration. In tbo ungraded school tbe tenoher is 1
, Tho manner ot conducting these examine
only a private tutor and the fewer scholars he tion8 ( 8 M follows: Tho Frlccipal or the Super-
haa the hotter. He toaobes In amall sections I intendent prepares a number of questions,
and conduct! roeitations by rotation, never | nsna ny t 8D co the subjects passed over daring
Riving bis undivided attention to tho class (b8 ternli ft nd theso are placed upon tho biack-
before hint, bnt dividing it between those ^,,5 i,y t h 0 teacher. Each scholar then pro-
at the seats and those at the recitation bench. ceed3to 8nswer them In writing. The papers
The recitations are necoss.irily short and are I or elimination books are taken by tho teacher
rarely aooompanled or followed by a discussion a , they ar0 fi n i 8 h e d and tbe scholars permitted
-bicb brings ont tho snbjeot of tbo lesson in I toRO home. In tbo afternoon the teachers of
■l its phases. In tho single pupil or tbo small these classes meet at tha oflloe of the Superin-
olaai before him thero la nothing to aronae tbe Cadent, examine tho work and mark the
teacher to that high pitch of energy and en- answers. A reoord ot tho standing of each pn-
thnaiasm which gives lifo and sprigbtlmess to u l8 m8de and tbe work is continued from day
all his actions and entbles him to wako op tho I t oc ]ay until every scholar has been examined
dormant energies of tho mied. “In tho graded npoa ^ ^ brauchos stndiod. Tho average
Ny»tcm tho propor quota of pnplu ia a po^nt ] g ? an aing furnishes a very safe guide to tho 8a-
ioatrnment tn tho hands of tho teacher ana be I perintendent and teacher in determining which
nsosthe whole class to teach each one in It. pnp iUaro enUUed to promotion. Tho papers
Tho recitations aro longer; tho undivided at- I submitted also fnrniih evidanco of tho cffici-f
tention of tho teacher is g»ven to the class be- j CDC y or incompetcncy of the teacher, for it is
fore him; tha discussion of tbe lesson is far I i m possiblo for any scholar, who has been poorly
more thorough; and tbo pnpila are stimulated J tanght, to show neat, accurate work, wbilo a
to tho grostest mental effort through trial and I c h»id of very ordinary ability, with good teach-
corn petit ion with other membors of tho class. J j D g constant practice cun be mode to do
Under a discreet teacher tho amount of enthnsi- I creditable work. Unlike oral examina-
asm that may bo awakened in a class thns as-1 | n w >jioh some roholars get questions
aortod and oonstitotol cannot be esUmated. that aT0 ea8 y y answered, while others get diffl-
•J’.hie arrangement, too, enabloa ns to assign ca j t oneg> those snbjoct all to tho samo tests,
teachers to tbo particular work for which tlfoy j ftn( j t^cy famish at once a good exhibit of the
are best adapted and thereby to seenro in each I dujj’s penmanship, spelling and knowledge of
grade tho most efficient instruction. Touchers I p nnclnation and sentence-making. They shonld
of corresponding grades ia different schools are I h6ld at least at tho end of every term. In
thtmsatv— bronght into competitson and n I govera i Q f tbe classes tho work submitted was
healthy emulation oxcitod. With each suooeeding I Tery creditable, while in others tho want of
das* the teacher begins bis work with newreso-1 practice and thoroughness was very apparent,
lotions and aided by an experience that is in- I xoumjll cxjlss.
v*Icab!o bo ia certain to attain a higher sneoeas I regulations for the government of tho
than was reached tho previous year. I schools require that there shall be two normal
statistics. (classei for the tcacherH of white and colored
Tho following table will .how the whole nnm- ^oote respeotiveiy. I took the liberty of va-
b«r of children enrolled tn the schools, the av-1 rying this regnlation to as to have white teach-
orage ncmbvr belonging, tho average dally at-1 erJ 0 ( colored schools attend the normal class
tendance, the per cent of attendanoe on tha I y or w [,j| 8 teacher*. It is certainly to onr inter-
number belougiitg, and the coat per scholar for I aat to have the negroes taught by native white
the four months ending Judo 27, 1873: | persons, and we ahonld not needlessly put ob-
stac'.es in the way of those of onr people who
wish to become teachers in negro schools. Un
til the appointment of a” the teachers in onr
colored schools ia placed in our own hied--,
however, it will be best to leave the rule as it
is, with the undi retanding that it may be vsrud
aa above in tbe diserotionof ihe Superintendent.
A we-kly meeting of the teachers in the city
hoo’.a hn been regnlarly held every Friday
afternoon. The teachers hive generally been
regular in attendance and intere.-ted in the ob
jects of the class. Monthly meetings cf teach
ers in the country aehoola have aUc been held,
and were well atteeded.
The objects of this eh°s are io improve the
teachers in their methedr of instruction nni
discipline, and to better prepare (tem for tbeir
The information de-
Whele. number tn
rollalis eityiebooti
Ar.no. bctinftof....
Av. daily atuadaaw
Far cent- of suead
anceVr. cumber be-
leasts* —•
Whoie number au-
ralled ia coantj
-;«y*
J
J. ! | |
AtT noT'beJonxior..— ; - jS83!
AT. daily att*nAa»to_,..jJac
For eont. of attond-| ;
355
aaco ca cumber i e-
lcnitnf-
Total..
.. j»7io»i an ijwtiSm i
8aUH»s (#0perintMiii«at,
j*Litor> •—
toichors
JUUM
Tiigiitil gyii'— . ■ l*T5 00—$S.5$0 64 J work in tho class room.
C#*» per MhoUr psr menth on from a comparison ot news st theso meet-
Cw*p«? 0 KhJlar b per ^Mt'th on " ings ia invaluable, and in oar city schools where
whole comber uurht....-—.— 1121 we have stepped at once from the irregn
Those figures apeak for them-'elves. They lar classayrtem totho graded school, tho normal
show that under the public school system the class is id -int-i by till the ti-ach.-rs to be a
eoat of eduction is not more than one-third of
what it was under tbe tuition plan. In this
oily and county tuition charges varied from two
to nine dollars per month. Allowing the aver
age rate to have been faur dollars or a little leas
Uun three times the mi under the present sys
tem, we see that instead „( j.^000 it wonld
heve required $21,000 to pro.jde educational
facilities for tho same number. But to appre
ciate the full extent of the reduction we moat
look beyond these figures. Under the former
plan the harden of supporting the schools fell
upon those only whose children attended. Un
der the pnbtio school sy.-tem the aehoola draw
their support from every interest in the com
munity, and a man pays not in proportion to too
number of children he has, bet in proportion to
the interests be represents. The ryatem ir
baaed not npon the narrow idea that only those
who have children to ednoate are beoeflued by
tha aohooi, bnt apon the broad prinoiple that
fjtrj interest ia promoted by the edooation
neoetsity.
couoarn rcaocis.
In toe city we have had two schools for col
ored children. The Lewis School-hunse, built
by the American Missionary Society, contains
eight well ventilated and nioely famished class
rooms, with seats for fonr hundred and fifty
pupils. By agreement, fonr of tbe teachers in
this school were appointed by the Missionary
Society, and fonr by the Board of Education.
It is desirable for many reasons that the appoint
ment of all teachers in onr city schools b. in the
hands of tbe Board, and aa the arrangement for
laid year, giving to the Missionary Society the
privilege of sending out from the North half the
number of teaebers needed, was doubtless based
apon the belief that competent white teachers
could not be obtained in the South, it ia proper
to say that if auoh was the oase, it is
true no longer. We have numbers of compe
tent persona ready to take positions in this _ _
■abool. and I baiter* if the matter were property Honor, the Mayor, and urge hint to aid tne to
general information. I respectfnlly call the at
tention of the Board to the neoeBSityof a
change in onr present plan of two daily ses
sion?.
It should certainly be onr policy to give no
room for the charge that we are managing onr
schools in the interest of imy particular class,
and so far as is consistent with a good degree
of efficiency, our regulations shonld be such as
to enable the largest possible number to avail
themseiTes of the advantages afforded by tbe
common school system. Onr present plan re-
qnircs the child's whole lime, or none at all, to
bo given to tbe school, and It is well known
that tbe necessities of many families are such
as to leavo no room for choice between tbe two
alternatives. The children are needed at home
a part at least of every day, bnt we make no
provision for this, and hence they are virtnally
shot ont from school.
The motto of our system is “the greatest
good to the greatest camber," and In propor
tion as our schools aro adapted to the wants
and necessities of the people will we succeed in
making them enbserve their great end.
The all-day session is s necessary feature of
ungraded schools in villages and in the country.
There tbe teacher requires six, seven and even
eight hours to enable him to do fall justice to
all his pupils, and even then he rarely succeeds
in giving to any scholar or class moro than two
horns personal attention daring the entire day.
In the graded schools of a city each teacher has
under bis instruction a single class, and all the
scholars receive his personal attention daring
tbe entire session. It is not surprising then
that be accomplishes more in one session of five
boms than tbs former does in the double session
of seven or eight.
The irregularity ocoftsiofxri by the security
of making four trips to aud from school each
day is another very serious objection to the
present arrangement. In unclassified schools
the frequent absence of several pnpils does not
affect the progress of those who are regular in
attendance; but it is readily seen that iu graded
schools, each class being a unit, irregularity on
the part of a few U a great hindrance to tbe ad
vancement of the class. That tbe attendance
wonld be better ruder the one session plan is
shown by a comparison of the white and colored
schools for the past year. In the former, nnder
the two session arrangement, the per cent, of
attendance on tbe number belonging was 81,
while in the !att«r. with one session, tte aver
age per cent, was
Other reasons could be given showing the de-
.-irableness cf a change, Lu! I deem tho=e cff;.-.
id sufficient.
I'-; re le’vix; this sni jeci, however. I will
notico briefly one objection to tha one session
arrangement. It is well known that a great
many parents from various reasons are not able
to co-operate with tbe teacher in enforcing the
required study at heme, and instead of spending
a part of the afternoon at his lessons the boy
often times spends it ail in play. The remedy
for this is simple enough. The boy has abused
a privilege, and the natural penal’y should be
the withdrawal of tbit priv.lege. He should no
longer be trusted to prepare his lessons at home,
bnt shonld be required to meet the teacher in
the afternoon ana nnder his eye and direotion
prepare the lessons assigned. Teachers who
have any regard for their reputation as each
will cot hesitate to win success at anch a price,
and these who have no anch pride wonld very
properly receive the reward of failure. Hav-
icg tested this method and found it thoronghly
effective, I an prepared to recommend it as a
perfect remedy for the very aer;on3 evil cum-
plained of.
JiZW msiTUEP.
H e bnilding in Eut Macon pieced at the dis
posal ot the Board by the Central Railroad
Company was found to be, except in tha Biz* of
the rooms, well adapted to our system. The
fnrnitare, however, was of the antique pattern,
and profusely notched and ink stained. Being
actions to place at least one of onr acbool*
upon a good footing, I resolved to eal] npon his
rtVrito tar a Frice list to JT*
GREAT WESTERN ’
JonssTos,
l 13 Emithfield St., Piltiburgb, Fa.
Breech Loading Shot Guns, HO to 23CO. Double Shot
P. C. SAWYER’S
[ Dm. J. Taylor,
Of Atlanta, Oft.
Dm. R A. Hooke.
Of Ofr&it&noogft, Tens. I
ROGERS & BONN,
MINERAL HILL.
(raTKfTZD war 26.1673.)
filth Adjustable Ball Box and Swinging Front,
for Ginning Damp, Wet or Dry Cotton.
Also, the Celebrated
Q-riswold Gin,
Genuine Pattern, with the OadlUting or WalerBox.
Manufactuied by
F. C. SAWYER, Macon, Georgia?
SALINE. SULPHUR. ALUM. WHOLESALE GROCERS!
—A5X>—
Clalytee Springs!!
T HL8 fsTorite Summer Beaort, sitasted netr
Bemn’s Station, Esat Tenneeeoe, mnd nine
I miles from Morristown, Ernst Tennessee mnd Yir-
I ginu Railroad, has joat been SPLENDIDLY fitted
I np for the Summer cf 1873.
OUR SULPHURS,
| (Bed, White and Black), Alum and Chalybeate
Waters, need no comment, as their effects are gen
erally known: but we would call your particular
attention to the wonder of the age, as a mineral
I water—
OUR SALINE SPRING-.
( better known as Black Water, which is magical in I
I its specifio effects in cases of BHEOMATISM. I
6CBOFULA. DYSPEPSIA. All Diseases of the J
Blood end Skin, and especially adapted to tho Dis-
| eases of Female*.
Hot and Cold Sulphur Baths!
I the cool and braciDg mountain air, together with
the MAGNIFICENT MOUNTAIN 8OiNEBY, tend
I to make this ono of the moat pleae&ut tiimmer re
sorts in the South.
I ffff* These Springs are accessible by daily hack
I Jinea Parties desiring to visit ns will atop at Tor-
I ley Home, Morristown, and c*ll for William A.
| Dickiuson, proprietor Hack Linp to Mineral Hill.
Address
DBS. TAYLOB & HOOKE, Proprietors,
Bean’s Station, Eaat Tennessee.
BOARD—Forty Dollars per month. Special ar-
I rangements for families. may 18 2m
OFFER FOR SALE
120,COO pounds Bacon Sides and Shoulders.
1,000 barrels Choice Family Flour.
300 barrels Refined Sugars.
ILL ARTICLES IN GROCERS’ LINE AT LOWEST MARKET BATES.
JonelStf .
LA.WTON & BATES,
WHOIiHSALH
-DEALERS IN-
METROPOLITAN
This Gii Tool Three Premiums Last Tear.
THE 8AWYER ECLIPSE COTTON GIN with ita |
improvements, has won ita way, upon ita own mer- |
tta, to the very first rank of papular favor. It j
stands to-day without a ooxrKTXTOB in all the
points and qualities desirable or attainable in a
PERFEOr uOTTON GIN. , 1
Our Portable or Adjuatable Roll Box places it in
the powea of every planter to regulate the picking
of tne seed to Bait himself, and is the nnlv one '
made that does- Froperly managed. SAWYER’S .
ECLIPSE GIN will maintain the fall natural length
of the staple, and be made to do aa rapid work as
any machine in nee.
ihe old GRISWOLD GIN—a genuine pattern—
furnished to order, whenever deaired.
Three premiums were taken by SAWYER S i
ECLIPSE GIN Jaet year, over all competitors, viz:
Two at the Southeast Alabama and Southwest
Georgia Fair, at Eufaula—one a silver cup, the
nther a diploma. Also, the first premium at the
Fair at Goldsboro*, North Carolina.
IRON AND BRASS WORKS.
Canal Street, from flth to 7tb.
RIOHMOSro, VA.|
WBl! E. TAMER & CO.,
Eniirn, IscMiiisis and Founders.
ENGINES OF ALL KINDS.
I Cora, Oats, Hay, Bacon, Lari, Floor, Sugar, Cole, lotos'
BAGGMNG, TIES, ETO.,
I FOURTH STREET. MACON, GA.
lauSOtf
’tohnson&smtth
TV JEW <3-ITVS
W1U be delivered on board the care at the follow
ing prices:
Thirty-five Saws 3181 £0 |
Forty Saws. 150 00
Forty-five Saws 168 75 j
Fifty Saws 187 50 |
Sixty Sawa , 225 CO;
Seventy Saws 262 50
Eighty Eawe .*.. 280 00
To prevent delay, orders and old gins ahonld be ]
sent in immediately.
Time given to responsible parties.
Send for Oircular.
Unit Iv
H. R. BROWN,
AGENT.
LAl. B. SMALL
HAS JCST RECEIVED
A FINE lot of CHOICE MAGNOLIA HAMS, |
wuich he is selling under tho market.
WHOLESALE DEALERS IN
GROCERIES AND PROVISIONS!
FOURTH AND POPLAR STREETS, MACON.
ImsjM
GEORGE W. HEAD,
-EXCI.CBIVE-
-A.
. B. SMALL WHOLESALE TOBACCO DEALER
HAS JUST RECEIVED
A3NTD CIGAR AIARTGI’ACTUnER,
No. 4 Blake’s Block. Poplar Street. Macon; Ga.
fn (^QA per day l A cents wanted! All
cpif lu classes of working people, of
either sex. young or old. make more money at work
for us in their spare moments, or all toe time, than at
Anything c]<o. Particular.* free. Address G. SIIN-
, Portland, Maine.
SON i
BUILDING FJEJLT
(No Tar need), for outside work and inside, instead of
plaster. Felt Carpeting, etc. Send 2 stamp*lor cir-
cular and famp’e?. O, J. FAY, Camden, N. J.
BEST AND OLDEST FAMILY MEDICINE
SANFORD’S
LIVER INVIGORATOR,
A purely vegetable cathartic and tonic, for dvspep*
fcia, constipation, debility, sick headache, biiiots
attacks, an! all derangements of liver, stomach and
boweta. Ask jour drujgiit for it. Beware of Imita
tions.
CANCERS
Permanently cured by addressing Dr. W. C. COtT-
DKN, No. 47 W. Jefferson St., Lousville.Ky. Copies
of hie "Journal” esn bo obtained freo of charge, giv
ing mode of treatment and a large list of ca«es cured.
Inclote *tamp.
H TT TT Tho greatest compound known for
• XI* lX.»mftn or te:ut. There is no pain or
klBDIUlNB. swelling it will sot relieve. Stiff
and lamoioints aro made aupnlo. Cures more rheu
matism, neuralgia, lame back, headache, toothache,
sore threat and tal fprains on man, and sore shoul
der. stiff joint*, sprains, ringbone, spavin, etc., on ani-
mal», than all other remedies, in a*me time. Whole
sale agent*, Solomon Sc Co , Savannah. Agent
wanted in every county. Francis Sc Eldiidge, Pro
prietors 939 N. Front si., Philadelphia, Pa.
june26dlawlt
VOLUNTARY TESTIMONIALS!
Are furnished from various sections of the cotton
growmg States, of the character following:
Locust Grovz, Ga., October SO, 1872.
Mr. F. O. Sawteb, Macon, Ga.
Dear Sir—Encloeed find draft on Griffin Banking
Company for 9150, as payment for enr gin, wit
which we are well pleased.
Yonra truly, H. T. DICEIN & SON.
T EN GAB-LOAD3 of CHOICE WHITE COHN,
which he ia selling in lota to auit customera
| at remarkably low prices.
jnne23tf
I .A.. B. SMALL
HAS ON HAND A LARGE STOCK OF
B acon, flodr,
OATS. SUGARS,
IT. PABEL
MANUFACTURER Of
STAR AND TAXLOW
CANDLES, SOAPS,
LAED OIL.
Office, So. 14 Woat Main Street, between Firet and
Second.
Factory, Kos. 73, 75,77,79 and 81JMaiden Lane,
between Ohio and Adams Streets,
LOUISVILLE. IiY.
Cash paid for Tallow, Laid and Greaae.
aprtj Cm
CHANGE of SAILING DAYS.
PACIFIC SAIL STEAMSHIP CO.’S
TSSOtGK U5C TO CAIirOK.TU, CUKi
AND JAPAN,
Touching at Mexican Porta,
JkSD CABRIISB THE V. B, If ft it.
Fares Greatly Reduced.
ri; is ASC of the large and
yt fw. splendid Steamships
— of this line will leave Pier
No. 42 North River foot
ol CanalSL. at 12 o'clock,
noon, on the 5th, and
SOthof evervnsonth(exoept
when those date* fail on Sunday, and then on the
preceding Saturday) for ASPINWALL, connect
ing, via Panama Railway, with one of the Gom-
; lauy’a Bteamahipe from Panama for FRAN
CISCO, touching at MANZANILLO.
All departure, connect at Panama with steamers
for South Pacific and Uentral American porta.
For Japan and China, eteamera leave 8an Fran-
deco firat of every month, except when it falls on
Sunday, then on the day preceding.
One hundred pounds of Baggage allowed to each
adnit. Baggage received on deck the day before
sailing, from Steamboats, Railroads and passengers
who prefer to send down early.
An experienced Burgees on board. Medicine
and attendance free.
For Freight or Passenger Tickets, or further In
formation, apply at the Company’s Ticket Office,
on the Wharf, foot of Oanal street, North River
New York.
GEO. H. BRAD BUST, Pro. ident
H. J. BtXLAT, ttapti anwUl*
The above letter enclosed the following testimo
nial, addressed to Mr. Sawyer, viz:
Locust Gaovz, Ga, October SO, 1872.
We, the undersigned planters, have witnessed
the operation of one of yonr Eclipse Cotton Gins,
which we think ruperior to any other gin we have
ever aeon used It leaves the seed perfectly clean,
and at the aame time turns ont a beautiful sample,
etc. H. T. DICEIN * HON,
E. ALEX. OLEAVELAND,
M. L. HARRIS.
Hr. Daniel P. Ferguson, of Jonesboro, Ga.,
writes nnder date of October 10,1872, aa follows:
I have yonr gin running. • * * I can aay it |
is the best that I ever saw run. It cleans ths seed
perfectly. I have been raised in a gin honse, and
1 believe I know all abont what should be expected
in a first-class Cotton Gin. I can giu five hundred
pounds of lint inside of six tv minutes. The first
two bales ginned weighed 1100 pounds, from 3010
ponnds seed cotton, bagging and ties iuoluded.
Iawntiow, Ga , October 7,1872.
Mr. P. O. Sawyer—Dear Sir: The Cotton Gin I
we got from yon, we are pleased to aay, meets onr
fullest expectations, and does all you promised it I
should do. Wa have ginned one hundred and six
teen bales on It, and U hat never choked nor bro- I
hen the roll. It picks the seed clean and makes I
good lint. We have had considerable experience I
with various kinds of cotton gins, and can, with I
safety, say yours is the best we have ever seen run.
THOMAS HOOKS,
ELIJAH LINGO.
COFFEES, WHISKIES.
RICE. SALT,
And General Groceries, including a car-load of
CHOICE IIAY J all of which aro going at the beat
prices. june29tf.
“Absolutely tbe Beat Protection
Against Fire.”
Oyer 1200 Actual Fires pi ont with it!
MORE THAN
$10,000,000 00
I Worth of property saved from the flames
THE
B
ABCOC
O, J. GAMBLE.
A. BECK.
JL W. GIBSON.
'IRE EXTINGU1SHE
F. W. FARWELL, Sec’y,
407 Broadway, New York.
Colonel Nathan Baas, of Rome, Ga., aaya he has I In daily nee by the Fire Departments of the prin- I
need Griswold's, Massey's and Taylor's Gina, and I cip&l cities ot the Union,
that he isnowrunning a D. Pratt Gin in Lee conn- J The Governs
ty, Ga, and an Eagle and a Carver Gin in Arkan-1 railways use it.
1 _ —TrEe!' - - 1
ete, and a “Sawyer Eclipse Gin” in Rome, Ga., and
regards the last named as bupzbiob to any of the
others. It picks tastes and cleiskb than cny
other gin with which he is acquainted. He says he
has ginned eighty-six bales with it without break
ing the rolh
BufiLAao'a Station, M. A B. B. B.
„ _ January 20,1873.
Mr. P. O. Sawyer, Macon, Ga—Dear 8ir—The
Cotton Giu yon repaired for me. with yonr im
proved box, gives perfect satisfaction, and I take
very great pleasure ia recommending your gins to
the publio.
W. O'DANIEL, M. D.
Dr. J. W. Bummers, of Orangeburg. 8.0., write*.
All your Gins sold by ms this season are doing well
and giving entire satisfaction. I will be able to sell
a great many next season.
J. O. Staley, of Fort Talley, writes, “Four Gin ™
the only Gin I ever saw that anybody eonid feed
I have heretofore been compelled to emp'oy a
feeder for ginning, but with your Rin a child can
feed it and it will never break the roll. It gins both
clean and fast and make* beautiful lint.”
Messrs. Child*, Nickerson A Co., of Athens,
Ga., writ*: “All the Sawyer Gin* sold by n* are
giving satisfaction. We will be able to Bell a num
ber of them tbe coming season.”
CocHBAjr, Ga., January 7,1873.
Mr. P. G. Sawte*. Macon. Ga.:
Em—The Cotton Gin we bonghtof you last Fall,
after a fair trial, ha* given ns satisfaction,
makes good lint and cleans the seed well.
Fours rsepectfaliy,
T. J. A B. G. LEX.
Send for Its Record.”
B. H. WBIGLEF A CO., Agent*.
LOST ENERGY
We&knftM, De
Bpoodencj, B*ab>
. fainess, Sjphilit
For & tpoedy curs ol ilm« or other ailments of a
private nature, call or send stamp for private cir
cular of advice to both sexes. Addreee box “O *
Western MediQil Inetitute, 137 Sycamore street,
Cincinnati. Ohio. Tbe rezrsdiee are ao oertain
NO PAY will be required of responsible persona
for treatment anal coxed. A viait to ita Museum
will eonvmoe you that this Inatitnte ia the only sure
one in the United .States to care; SyphDii tod re
tore Manhood. iedieod&wly
GINS MIRED PROMT
And made as good as new at ths following low
figures;
New Improved Ribs COe. each
Boll Box $10 00 each
Head and Bottom Piece*-. 150 sash
Babbitt Boxes..... 160 each
New Saws, per set... 100 etch
Repairing Brash 95 003916 00
New Brash 2600
Painting Gin...—. 6 00
Can furnish 94 different patterns of rib* to tha
trade at 20 cent* each, at short notice.
P. C. SAWYER,
najlSStawAv MA0ON, GA.
GAMBLE, BECK & CO.
WHOLESALE
M OULDINGS, Brackets, Stair Fix
tores, Builders’ Famishing Hsrd-
' ware. Drain Pipe, Floor Tiles, Wire
Guards, Terra Cotta Ware, Marble and
Slate Mantle Pieces.
WINDOW GLASS A SPECIALTY.
Circulars and Prioe List sent free on
application by
P.r.TOAXX,
20 Hayne and 83 Pinckney ate.,
ootleodly Charleston, 8. C.
White Pine lumbef forTa¥
A. C. KAUFMAN.
•RA-KTR- F1T1,
AND dealer in SOUTHERN SECURITIES,
CHARLESTON, 8. C.
S OUTHERN COLLECTIONS receive the Special
and Personal attention of this Honae. Returns
made FAITHFULLY and PROMPTLY in New
York Exchange,-which always rules BELOW par
daring tbe active business season.
CT Notes, Drafts and Acceptances payable In
South Carolina, North Carolina and Georgia can be
concentrated at this point with Profit and Baring of
Labor.
99* All business attended to with fidelity and
dispatch.
9** Quotations of Southern Securities issued
weekly. febll6m
TECH
RAM) PACIFIC ROW,
CHICAGO.
Tbe Largest and Most Complete Hotel Is
the World.
rpHE Lessees (well known ss the Proprietors of
J. tbe 8HEBHAN HOUSE before ite destruction
in th* memorable Conflagration of October 8th and
9th, 1871.) take pleasure in announcing tha comple
tion of this new enterprise, which is now open
andsr their personal management for the accom
modation of guest*.
GAGS BROS A RICE,
Lessees for Twenty Years.
CHICAGO, Jut* 1st, 1873. jtrnett IawSw j
LOWEST MARKET PRICES GUARANTEED
OX THIRD STHEIDT.
ERNEST PESGHKE’S
Macon Standard Mean Time.
j fin*
ITBC-
_ Hi a passage of tne sun sun stars, a wiu ns ants to keep
th* exact Macon mean time to within a fraotion of a eeocna.
basetaiAtuattsspaMt* ths Wtratflnr ~~~* rnttag 1 —9 Wnsehss, MwaUasaif
klaks stent wtrk au situ* M il