Newspaper Page Text
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§ mt\Cs gjcpartment.
ENIGMA—No. 81.
BIBLICAL.
lam composed of 17 letters :
My 4, 10, 14, 3, is a word in Gen. iii,
4.
My 14, 2,3, 5, 15, is a word in Rev.
i, 3.
My 4,5, 15, 12, 2, is a word in Prov.
xv, 2.
My 6. 16, 13, 12, a word in Job. x, 4.
My 13, 6, 16, 8,8, is a word in Lev.
i, 4.
My 17, 15, 1, is a word in Jer. vi, 5.
My 1,6, 15, 10, is a word in Luke iii,
10.
My 10, 11, 9, is a word in Matt, xi, 6.
My 9,2, 11, 4, is a word in Dan. vi,
20.
My G, 7, 12, 6, is a word in Num. xxx,
4. ’
My 1,2, 7,1, is a word in Gen. xl. 1.
My whole is one of the Ten Command
ments. “Paola.”
Answer next week.
Halcyondale, Ga., 1868.
ENIGMA—No. 82.
SYNONYMOUS.
I am composed of 31 letters :
My 2, 11, 18, 25, 30, 7, is to abhor.
My 19, 1, 21, 4,5, 17, 30, is to over
come.
My 12 11, 14, 7, is a letter.
My 3,6, 8,8, 3,1, 6, is small.
My 14, 9, 10, 16, is an anecdote.
My 15, 6, 29, 15, is tall.
My 28, 22, 19, 23, 17, 28, 26, 22, is
an incursion.
My 24, 7, 17,28,31,20,31, 7, is to
waver.
My 13, 9,2, 2,9, 27, 25, is brave;
Ny 24, 23, 5, 10, is to pull.
My 16, 2, 16, 1,9, 20, 14, 16, is to
raise.
My 29, 1, 28, 12, is to win.
My 4,5, 26, 31, 7, is to cite.
My whole is a Poem by Carrie Bell
Sinclair. “Paola.”
Answer next week.
Halcyondale, Ga. 1868.
SQUARE WORD.
1— The Land we Love.
2 Every Thing.
3 Place for the Bottom Rail.
4 Upper seats in a Theatre.
5 Disagreeable.
Quilp.
Answer next week.
N. 0., La., Oct, 1868.
Answers to Last Week’s Enigmas,
Etc. —To Enigma No. 77—Mecklenburg
Female College Magazine—Macon—El
len—Cork—Leg—Beef—Maize—Guage
—Lime.
To Enigma No. 78—William Ewart
Gladstone —Wrong—Emma—Willow—
Saw—Trenton—Rome —Sorrel—Alarm—
Agent.
To Enigma No. 79—Saint Bernard
Convent —Annie—Train —Satanic-Robe
—David.
To Enigma No 80 —“Here lies Caro
line of Brunswick, the Injured Queen of
England—Charles Dickens —Washing-
ton—Aquarius—Luther —Noun—Four—
Arnold—Gold—Queen —Brief—June-
Soul—Ensign—Georgia—Dinner—Draw
ings—Fife—Bible—Week—Creek—Hen.
To Correspondents.—l. B. wants to
know why Bishops are called suffragans.
They are called so because they have
suffrages or votes in Provincial Coun
cils.
[Prepared for th Banner of the South by Uncle Buddy]
hAMILIAR SCIENCE.
WATER —CONTINUED.
The cause of petrification is found in
the fact that, while water runs under
ground, its impurities are held in solution
by the presence of carbonic acid; but,
when the stream reaches the open air, its
carbonic acid escapes, and these impuri
ties are precipitated on various substan
ces lying in the course of the stream.
These impurities are especially carbonate
of lime and iron.
Water cleans dirty linen, because it
dissolves the stains, as it would dissolve
salt.
Soap greatly increases the cleansing
power of water, because many stains are
of a greasy nature; and soap has the
power of uniting with greasy matters and
rendering them soluble in water.
Rain water is soft, because it is
not impregnated with earth and miner
als.
It is more easy to wash with soft water
than hard, because soft water unites
freely with soap, and dissolves it, instead
of decomposing as hard water does.
Wood «shes make hard water soft,
Ist : Because the carbonic acid of wood
ashes combines with the sulphate of lime
in the hard water, and converts it into
chalk; and, 2d: Wood ashes converts
some of the soluble salts of water into
insoluble, and throws them down as a sedi
ment, in consequence of which, the
water remains more pure.
Rain water has ah unpleasant smell
when it is collected in a tub or tank, be
cause it is impregnated with decomposed
organic matters washed from roofs, trees,
or the casks in which it is collected.
Melted sugar or salt will will give a
flavor to water, because the sugar or salt
being disunited into very minute parti
cles, floats about the water and mixes
with every part.
Hot water will melt sugar and salt
quicker than cold water, because the heat,
entering the pores of the sugar or salt,
opens a passage for the water.
Sea water is brackish, Ist : Because
the Sea contains mines of salt at the bot
tom of its bed; 2: Because it is impreg
nated with bituminous matter, which is
brackish ; and, 3d: Because it contains
many putrid substances of a brackish
nature.
The water at the equator contains more
salt than sea water in the higher lati
tudes. This is explained in this way:
Owing to the greater heat of the sun
near the equator, the evaporation is great
er, and when the sea water is evaporat
ed the salt is left behind. Rain water
is not salty, although most of it is evap
orated from the sea, because salt will not
evaporate, and, therefore, when sea water
is turned into vapor its salt is left be
hind.
Running water oscillates and whirls in
a current, Ist: Because it impinges
against its banks, and is perpetually di
verted from its forward motion; and, 2d:
Because a River, at its centre, flows faster
than at its sides. This is because it
rubs or impinges against its banks, and
is delayed in its current by this friction.
NITROGEN AND AIR,
Nitrogen —Nitrogen is an invisible
gas which abounds in animal and vege
table substances. The following are its
peculiar characteristic* : Ist: It will not
burn; 2d: An animal cannot live in it;
3d: It is the principal ingredient of com
mon air. Nearly four gallons out of eve
ry five of air are Nitrogen gas. “Nitro
gen,” that is, generator of Nitre; also,
called Azote, from the Greek words a ,
privative of, or to deprive of, and zoe,
life. It was disc6vered in the vear 1772,
by Rutherford.
Nitrogen, like hydrogen, is not capable
of sustaining combustion or animal exis
tence, although it has no positive poison
ous properties. It has neither color,
taste, nor smell. W e are, doubtless, un
acquainted with many of its uses; but its
presence in the atmosphere counteracts
the evil effects of pure oxygen upon the
human system; for, if oxygen were in
haled by a humau being, or animal, for
any length of time, it would cause inflam
mation and finally death.
Nitrogen gas may easily be obtained
thus : Put a piece of burning phosphorus
on a little stand, in a plate of water, and
cover a bell-glass over it. (Be sure the
edge of the glass stands in the water.)
In a few minutes the oxygen of the air
will be taken up by the burning pbosper
us, and nitrogen alone will be left in the
bell-glass. The white fume which will
arise, and be absorbed by the water in
this experiment, is phosphoric acid—that
is, phosphorus combined with the oxygen
of the air. '
Air . —The elements of atmospheric
air are Oxygen and Nitrogen, mixed to
gether in the following proportions :
About four gallons of Nitrogen and one
of Oxygen will make five gallons of
common air. The air we breathe is al
most wholly composed of Nitrogen.
Nearly four-fifths being Nitrogen and
one-fifth Oxygen; but Nitrogen is a gas
which cannot support animal life; where
as, the air, or atmosphere which we breathe,
is a thin, transparent fluid which sur
rounds the earth, and supports animal
life by respiration. There is so much
Nitrogen in the air, in order to dilute
the Oxygen. If the Oxygen were not
diluted, fires would burn out too quickly,
and life would be too rapidly exhausted.
By diffusion, is meant that process by
which gases and liquids, when in contact,
pass through each other and intermingle.
This law of diffusion performs this part
in Nature : The accumulation of gases
unfit for animal and vegetable life is, by
diffusion, silently dispersed, and the air
is kept comparatively pure. If it were
not for the law of diffusion, on lighting
the first fire the Oxygen of the air would
separate from the Nitrogen, and a uni
versal conflagration would ensue.
By this law of diffusion, Carbonic acid,
which is necessary to vegetable life, is
diffused throughout all the particles of
air. Its effect upon respiration is to
free the minute cells of the lungs from
the Carbonic acid which they contain,
else death would ensue.
Air is material; that is, it is composed
of matter. We do not seethe air in the
room, because it is transparent; but we
miiis m ii® wwim,
feel it, when we run or fan ourselves,
and we hear through the medium of the
air; therefore, it is material, or composed
of matter; for matter is that which is
perceived by our senses. Air is not in
visible; for, although we cannot perceive
it immediately around ns, when we look
up into the firmament illuminated by the
sun, the air appears of a beautiful azure.
This is the mass of the atmosphere. Dis
tant mountains appear of a blue color, owing
to our viewing them through the atmosphere
We cannot see the air immediately around
us of the same beautiful azure, because
so small a portion of air reflects little or
no color, while a mass would be capable
of reflecting a beautiful tint. So it is
with a small quantity of sea water dipped
up in a glass ; it would appear perfectly
colorless; yet, the deepest part of the
ocean appears of a dark green, approach
ing to a black. Sir David Brewster has
shown that the blue color of the atmos
phere is due to reflected light. It absorbs
the yellow and red rays, and reflects the
blue,
[From tlie N. Y. Turf, Field, and Farm.]
THE SCHOLASTIC YEAR-
With the decline of the Summer
solstice, every department of business
life reopens with fresh energy. Whilst
so much attention is bestowed in the
public prints upon places of amusement
and noting articles of luxury or utility,
the higher life of the Literary world
should not be neglected.
The influences that form the mind of
Youth take precedence in importance of
more ephemeral subjects. The rising
generation, who are to form the bulwark
of the Nation, and constitute themselves
the heads of families, and, in many in
stances, to become rulers among their
feflow-citizens, demand that the influences
calculated to render them worthy of their
positions, either in private or public life,
should be carefully weighed, and respec
tive advantages considered. Advance
ment is the watchword of our epoch—
Education the basis of all future great
ness, This principle is fully recognized
by the American people, and our Public
School system, with some few inevitable
disadvantages of promiscuous association,
places it within the compass of every
guardian of children, to give to their off
spring, or wards, the privileges common
to the poorest. For this, the State laws
make provision, and the people arc
universally taxed for the common benefit
of all classes, Submitting to this con
tribution for so worthy an object, there
are many who prefer to choose those
Academic Institutions that are known as
more select and equally thorough in
course of studies. At the head of the
Institutions of Learning, in New York
City, stands
Columbia College, which has, for
years, been patronized, not only by resi
dent citizens, but many from afar send
students to participate in the advantages
it offers. Columbia College, the ancient
seat of Learning, in New York City, is
located in Forty-ninth Street, near Fourth
Avenue F. A. P. Barnard is the Presi
dent, and H.Drisler, Professor of Greek,
with C. Short, Professor of Latin, and the
other branches of Science, filled by Fran
cis L. Vinton, Theodore W. Dwight, Pro
fessor of Municipal Law, and Francis Lie
ber, Professor of Science. These; with
many other names unnumbered, add dig
nity to a University that is justly the
pride of the Metropolitan City of the
United States. Attached to Columbia
College is a School of Mines, in which
whole process of disintegrating
minerals, of obtaining their respective
metals, and determining their value, is
scientifically demonstrated.
Owners of metallic ore send their speci
mens for analysis to this Department from
all parts of the United States.
This scientific branch of Metallurgy is,
to the owners of land, a most valuable aid
in determining the hitherto undeveloped
resources of tracts of wild property, that
might be appreciably enhanced in value
by proper examination of its constituent
parts. Equally deserved encomiums
might be passed upon
St. Francis Xavier’s College, in Six
teenth Street, between Fifth and Sixth
Avenues. This Literary Institution, in
corporated with the privileges of a Uni
versity, by the Regents of the University
of the State of New York, embraces a
course of studies divided into five distinct
departments. The Past Graduate, Under
Graduate, Grammar, Commercial, and the
Preparatory. It is a Day College, afford
ing the twofold advantage of a complete
Classical and Commercial Education.
The low terms of this Literary Institution,
sls per quarter, is one advantage, and
the learned character ol the Reverend
Professors, whose services are voluntarily
devoted to the cause of Education, is
sufficient guarantee of the perfection of
their system.
Manhattan College is under the control
of the Christian Brothers, and the object
of this Institution is to afford students
the means of acquiring the highest grade
of University Education, by combining
the advantages of a College and Polytech
nic School. The course'is most thorough,
and, before securing any degree, the
Classical Student is required to translate,
with facility, the Greek and Latin Au
thors, and to speak the latter language
fluently and well. The term, per session
of ten months, for board and tuition, is
S3OO per annum. Other Institutions, of
equal merit, might be noted, both public
and private, but of all under the influence
of those last named, none is more deserv
edly popular than
St. John’s College, at Fordham. The
romantic location and picturesque scenery
of Westchester County render it a most
desirable home for youths whose parents
prefer they should be somewhat isolated
from their city home, and yet contiguous
and easy of access. For young ladies,
the fashionable Academies offer, in their
respective prospectuses, their usual advan
tages, and the established reputation of
such well-known Institutions as the
Rutger Institute for Young Ladies, and
the Academy in Twenty-third Street, be
low Seventh Avenue, under Mile. M. B.
Tardive!, require no encomiums. The
well-known capacity of Mile. Tardivel, as
a successful Instructress of her own sex,
is sufficient guarantee that every advan
tage is offered to those parents who desire
to give their daughters a finished educa
tion. French has now become so popular
in American circles of the highest tone
of fashion, that it is generally the language
of the drawing-room, and, as heretofore,
in Europe, universally used in diplomacy.
Americans have been noted abroad, as
being very quick in apprehension of this
language, which the native Angles of
England find it difficult to master. Paris
ians wonder at the superior facilities of
Americans in this respect, which may be
justly owing to native quickness of intel
lect, aided by that vivacity of manner
which more readily assimilates with the
liveliness of French manners and expres
sions. The last named lady, Mile. Tar
divel, has in her Select French and Eng
lish Day School, in Twenty-Third Street,
240 west, a thorough system for the
acquirement of the language. A native
of France, the French language is made
the medium of ordinary intercourse, ex
cept in those branches strictly English,
whilst in all other foreign languages, les
sons are given at a moderate charge.
Those who have tested the advantages of
the thorough system pursued by Mile.
Tardivel, warmly endorse the method
pursued in cultivating, not only the men
tal capacities of her pupils, but in draw
ing into exercise the better disposition of
their natures.
Among the references of M’lle Tardivel
may be found such well-known names as
S. L. M. Barlow, Leonard W. Jerome,
Esq., Richard O’Gorman, General Taylor,
Isaac Townsend, B. Cutting, Isaac M.
Wright, N. P. Ilosack, and T. F. Meagher,
with many others too numerous to in
clude. This Institution is particularly
noticed as affording to young ladies who
hold positions in society a certain oppor
tunity of securing that finish of manner,
which can be best imparted by closer in
timacy in a chosen circle, where the ad
vantage of acquiring the habitude of
French conversation can be readily im
parted Aware of the importance of the
early formation of the car to a foreign
language, and the singular aptitude of
young children to acquire the sound more
readily than those advanced, Mile. Tar
divel is willing to admit all over five
years of age; though, as the school is not
of a strictly primary character, but em
braces the superior courses of instruc
tion, it is in deference to this considera
tion that the privilege is extended to the
young. It would not be difficult to pre
dict, with the growing popularity of the
French language, that, before many years,
its use will be as universal in the salons
of the refined Americans as it is now in
every court circle in Europe.
An Irish Judge tried two most noto
rious fellows ffir highway robbery. To the
astonishment of the Court, they were
found “not guilty.” As they were being
removed from the bar, the Judge, address
ing the Jailor, said : “You would greatly
ease my mind, if you would keep those
two gentlemen until 7 or half-past 7
o’clock, for I mean to set out for Dublin
at 5, and I should like to have, at least,
two hour’s start of them.”
All remember the wish of Sydney
Smith, in hot weather, that he were able
to strip himself of his flesh, and sit in his
bones. We heard an amendment to this
the other day, where a person, who was
suffering very severely from the heat,
said that the Rev. Syduey’s wish was a
good one; but he would go further—he
would have the marrow taken out of his
bones, so that the air might draw
through!”
W\t anti pnmot.
What makes the sun rise ? the
East, of course, stupid 1
The more a woman’s waist is shaped
like an hour glass, the quicker will the
sands of her life run put.
“Many a young person haz died old bv
living a long time after they waz dead,
and many an old person haz died before
their time cum, by being dead while they
waz living.— Jonh Billings.
While a country parson was preaching,
the chief of his parishioners, sitting near
the pulpit, was fast asleep; whereupon,
he said : “Now, beloved friends, I am iii
a great strait; for, if I speak softly, those
at the farther end of the church cannot
hear me, and, if I speak too loud, I shall
wake the chief man in the parish.”
A French description of the people of
Bavaria: “The Bavarians are a happy
people. They have money which brings
happiness, and a King who makes music.
They drink much and often, and smoko
as they drink. They sleep long, eat fiv<*
times a day, and make love between
their meals.”
A fellow stole a dog, and upon beino'
detected by the owner, promised to return
the animal next day. The individual
received a package at the appointed hour,
on which was written, “This is your dog.”
On opening it, the astonished man dis
covered ten pounds of freshly made
sausages.
A New York tradesman having throe
customers, a father and two sons by the
name of Wheeler, and fearing a confusion
of accounts from their different orders,
solved his difficulty by styling the stein
parent “Stern Wheeler,” the eldest son
“Side Wheeler,” and the youngest, rather
a fast youth, “Propeller.”
A cockney Baronet sat near a gentle
man at a civie dinner, who alluded to the
excellence of the knives, adding that
“articles manufactured from cast-steel
were of a very superior quality, such as
razors, forks, &c.” “Ay,” replied the
Cockney Baronet, “and soap, too—there’s
no soap like castile soap.”
An old Aberdeen Laird’s wife, when
other ladies were enriching the tea table
with broad descriptions of the vices of
their several spouses, said her own “was
just a guid, weel-ternpered, couthy, quiet,
innocent, daidlin’, drunken body, wi’ na
ill practices about, him ava !”
Quin was once at a small dinner party.
The master of the house pushed a delicious
pudding towards the wit, and begged him
to taste it. A gentleman had just before
greedily helped himself to an immense
piece of it. “Pray,” said Quin, looking
first at the gentleman’s plate, and then at
the dish, “which is the pudding.”
The Rev. Dr. MacLeod and Dr. Wat
son were in the West Highlands together
on a tour. While crossing a lock in a
boat, in company with a number of other
passengers, a storm came on. One of
the passengers was heard to say, “That
the twa Ministers should begin and pray,
or we’ll a’ bedrooned.” “Na, ua,” said
the boatman, “the little ane can pray, if he
likes, but the big ane maun tuk’ an oar
Henderson, the actor, was seldom
known to be in a passion. When at Ox
ford, he was one day debating with a ici
low student, who, not keeping his temper,
threw a glass of wine in the future Actor's
face ; when Henderson took out his hand
kerchief, wiped his face, and coolly said,
“That, sir, was a digression ; now for the
argument.”
An old-fashioued Clergyman, named
More, was riding on horseback one
stormy day, enveloped in a loose riding
cloak of large proportions, and having a
broad scarlet collar. By the action of
the wind, the cloak was tossing about in
all directions, when a gentleman rode up
on a spirited horse, which shied, and al
most threw the rider. “That cloak or
yours would frighten the Devil,” said the
gentleman. “You don’t say so,” replied
Mr. More; “why, that’s just my trade.”
PADDY TO HIS MISTRESS.
Arrab, Kitty, I love you to madness,
I swear by this cross, o’er and o’er—
If you let me, I'll kneel down with gladness.
And your beautiful self I’ll adore;
The ancients, we’re tould by Heroditus,
Used to worship eowld statues of stone,
Then, surely, less guilty and odd it is,
To worship the rale flesh and bone.
When Paris loved Leda's fair daughter,
(Oh, he was the broth of a boy,)
Away from her husband he brought her
To lofty and wido-streeted Troy;
But I don’t intend to carry
You over the ocean for to roam—
But, darlin’, I’d ask you for to marry,
And be Queen of your own little home.
Y’ou tell me wait till the Shrovetide,
But, to waste time, you know, is a sin,
And, always, in Summer, the love-tide,
Far stronger and warmer, sets in.
Och ! look at the birds in the bushes,
(> how each has a husband, though coy;
Then, Kitty, away with your blushes,
And make sure of your own little boy.
