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MISCELIi\Nj 01 : S.
OltE In the beginning of the year 1746.
i;OW ski p the brave, who sink t<> rest,
n. all their country’* wishes blest!
When Spring, v i'U ‘icvy finger* cold,
lie turns to deck their hallow’d mold,
hlte there shall dress a sweeter soil
Than ‘alley's feet had ever trod.
Bv f ivy hands her knell is run;;;
By tbrms imseen their dirge is song;
There Honor tomes, a pilgrim gray,
To bless the turf thatwraps tlirir clay;
Aiul Freedom shall a while repair,
To dwell a weeping hermit there !
TO TIIF. ADVOCATES OF WAll.
AS r.TTR.ICT.
o VO who fill the throne of pow’r,
“Who speak and millions must obey,
Who reign the monarchs of the hour,
And rise dictators of the day:
Think, while the trumpet* clarr.’rous breath
Re-echoes thro’ the regions round,
What scenes of agony and death
Await the inharmonious sound.
O join not, then, with hasty rage,
The tumults which are heard from far,
But shun the desolating stage,
O shun the guilty walks of war!
Think, while the thund’ring cannons roar,
And while the wavering faulchion plays,
1 low carnage wades thro’ streams of gore,
And grins amid the steely blaze.
All! vain are words to paint the woes
Which haunt the crowded field of lilood;
Not all that rhetoric bestow s
Cun trace the sanguinary flood.
The thousands of the mighty slain,
Who sleep upon the martial shore,
Tho’ they have felt the wound of pain,
They heave the languid sigh no more.
But if your thoughtless minds would know,
Or can endure of more to hear,
To widows and to orphans go,
And mark the never ceasing tear.
Read in the groans that rend the heart,
Read in the tears that ceaseless roll,
What words an- pow’rless to impart,
The speechless anguish of the soul.
() think of these, and shun the blade
That darts its sickly beams afar,
And shun the dark impending shade
That hovers o’er the scenes of war.
THE UYSPECTOR. ...No. V.
Death h no! ti phanioil from -which I
-roll'd neck to hide myself by concealing my face
in n.y pillow. Kotzcbi k.
TO meet death with a cheerful counte
nance; and a mind calm and resigned is a
snectae.le richly deserving our admiration, but
a'contemptuous scoffing at its approach mer
its our pi‘y and abhorrence ; the one is a mark
of real courage, the other of thoughtless te
nch"-, and most probably of dastardly brava
do. A mail’s words are ’ seldom correct cri-
Vtidns upon which an opinion may be found
ed, fi>r as the bravest men make fewest pre
tentions, so the tongue of a boaster trumpets
liis own valour and exploits. Courage arel
mod. tv are as much connected as any two
virtue s’ It is not then every Weak or base
man who talks loudly of h-s skill, that is
skilful!, or ofhis bravery, that is brave ; nav
more: it is but presumptive evidence of the
existence of th-s virtue even whe-n its votary
throws awav his life with the same- ind.lh r
encc which a child displays when it careless
ly parts with a disgusting toy.
We : pnhu’.d the m;.n who gives his life
for the* service of his country; his honor, or
Ins friend::. We respect that courage which
r;pines r.ot at misfortunes, but bears up
gainst adversity with a firm and manly resis
tance ; but we- despise the wretch who defies
the justice of his maker and precipitate his
soul into th ■ prose nee- of his god; through th e
instrumentality ofhis own, or the hands of
others.
It is by no means an uninteresting en
quiry to examine the qualities of that moral
principle of the human mind which we desig
nate bv the term of courage. 1 take it that
the qualities of the intellect are primary and
secondary, the- first are inherent, the second
acquired : to these two classes ail moral
principles must he attached.
Courage has by many been considered as
belonging to the last class ; this I deem in
correct it is true that it may receive a color
ing and effect from extrinsic causes, hut the
seed pf'thc principle must be sowed by nature.
The rdmhation which is attracted by
courage is a he’dable and elevated admira
tion : it is for tided however on coupling with
this quality, fortitude and honor : for as it is
our duty to overcome by manly firmness ivo
ry obstacle, so It is never our duty to reocktt
affronts; or put up with unmeritted injuries.
To buov the mind in one case, and to resent
in tne otla r, is the avocation of courage, and
thus considcri il it is an admirable quality—
but then like every virtue, ifcr.lv feigned, it
exposes to contempt and ridicule ; it is true
hi pocrisv may sometimes be successful in the
avion pbshmertt of its object, lilt wherein
one instance it is successful in many it utter
ly fiuls.
Courage is laudable whcrcrc r exorcist and ;
it is as useful in the cabinet as in t! e field, as
requisite to the Statesman as the Soldier.—
Bv courage properly considered. I mean that
principle Widen preserves the equilibrium of
the in i n‘, in the midst of conflict .r.g dangers;
r.ot that rashness wlfeh ir.coi sidcratety pre
cipilates iisilt’ into difficult, without wiegh
ingthe cot-sequenceS.
N..pt.k-on Bouap: r'te is an illustrious ex
ample of com .ngeous firmness and cool pre
sence of mind, and to tin -a: his unbounded
s-.icc s-.es are owing. Probably Washington
Was as conspicuous an instance in the cabinet.
His mtrep and resistance. to u noisy clamor, ii.
tne adoption of Jay’s salutary treaty, i xi.io. ‘.s
a spectacle of Hitecritv persevering ,n its
course, tmawed by the threats otdenutgogu ’N
as sublime and elevated as was ever r.c.'d up
to the contemplation of m*n. Hu who cjn
thus act is never afraid to meet L..e inexora
ble ‘ King of Terrors.”
From liiiij view let us turn to a rtincflcnt
aspect of tlie subject, and w ith Adilison set
how a Christian and a good man c-.m die.— —
The cheering consolation ofreviewing a well
spenl Lit , softens and assuages the agonies ol
<l. ath, and plucks every thorn from the pillow
of sickness. That tire mind is immortal there
can be no doubt, and to the proposition that
there must be a future retribution none but
intemperate maniacs withhold assent.
then the death-bed of J’ai'ne or Hume be evi
denced to prove that Sceptics ; nil bail men
can die collected and calm, vet Sceptics have
also died in the tortures of remorse and on
the rack of an upbraiding conscience. ‘I he
learned, but prostituted Voltaire, and the de
testable Hobbes, were Infidels in life, in death
cowards : nay even Hume, in despiglit of the
assertions of I’rotcsßor Smith, we have reason
to believe, experienced much dread in the last
lingering moments ol life. F.ty it is, that till
able and masterly pen ol the author ol “ the
Wealth of Nations,” should have given the
authority ofhis name to asperse the cause of
Christianity, and by drawing the death ofhis
friend in fictitious colours, injure the Religion
ofhis country more sorely than even the life
and writings of that great champion of Scep
ticism.
The examples are however numerous of
men who have suffered death with heroic for
titude, and have smiled in the midst ol its
appalling terrors, but they are also examples
of eminently good men, or sufferers in a just
cause; such suffering, by such men, I call
sterling, legitimate courage. A fearless
death becomes the Martyr of Virtue :
“ Nothing in his life
“ Became him like- the leaving it. He died
“ As one that had been studied in his death,
“ To throw away the dearest thing he owned
“ As it were a careless trifle.”
Macbeth.
The plaudit of Malcolm was well be
stowed, anil is applicable it is to be hoped to
others beside the Thane of Cawdor.
Reader, the application which 1 would
make of this subject, is, that you should be
ware how you esteem that man courageous
whose bullying bravado attempts to impose,
ol’him whose thoughtless precipitation, dash
es hecdl ssty into danger—the one is a das
tardly hypocrite, the other a madman.
COMMUNICATED.
Acts, VJ c—ll v. “And God wrought
special merucles by the hands ofPaul—l2, So
that from his body were brought unto the
sick handkerchiefs or aprons, and the diseases
departed from them, and the evil spirit went
out of them—l3, Then certain of the vaga
bond Jews’ exercisers took upon them to call
over spirits, the name of the Lord Jesus, say
ing we adjure you by Jesus whom Paul preucli
eth—and there were seven sons of one Suva,
a Je v and Chief of the Priests which did so—
-15, And the evil spirit answered, Jesus I
knew, and Paul I know, but who are ye ? and
the man in whom the evil spirit was leapt on
them and overcame them and prevailed a
guinst them so thattliey fled out of that house
naked and wounded.”
IN religion there has from the begin
ning been a pure system of truth anil holiness
calculated to make the members of Christ’s
Church tranquil and happy in a good degree
on earth, anil there has been a system of er
rors anil deception that has been hostile to
true religion, as much so as counterfeit mo
ney is to that which is pure and genuine.—
Also in politics there has been a system o!
puritv and error at variance with each other,
from lime immemorial, but never in any age
more conspicuous than the present ; particu
larly in these United States. The politics of
Washington were pure* and unde filed like him
self, and his fare-tvel address to the people of
the United States breathes good will towards
them and his fervent prater for their future
prospiritv and happiness, evince I,is ardent
affect .on lor them Hut alas how is the line
gold become dim, the precious politics of
Washington, how are they changed from im
part a,l justice towards all nations, how much
partiality do we see towards one belligerent
and how hostile towards another—which is
the true source of all our woes—and so long
as their system of error is strenuously adhered
to, so long tve shall be a miserable and de
graded people.
The five verses above was the subject of
one evening’s meditation, not long since, and
understanding that our president intended on
the sth of July next to declare wrr against
one belligerent, the following reflections
forced themselves on my mind : “ And God
wrought special miracles by the hands ol
Paul, so that the sick were restored and evil
spirits went from those that were possessed,
by virtue of his body.” Such was the power
and purity of Paul’s word and doctrine, but to
what do we soon behold ? a set of imposters
taking upon them to call on the name ol’ the
laird Jesus, and to callover them that hail
. vil spirits, and like Paul to cast them out.—
. (But mark the difference) ; “The man in
whom the evil spirit was, leaped on them and
overcame them and prevailed on them, so that
they fieil out of that house, naked and woun
. did.” \\ Idle 1 was musing cm the passage
this cogent reflection came into my mind :
That the great illustrious Washington re
. sembledSt. Paul ; he overcome all die evil
spirits that were inimical to the independence
of these United States; and ascribed the glory
of all our victories to God; and said it was
nothing less than a standing miracle to pre
. serve and keep a raw undiciplined army, des
titute ofalmost every thing necessary tor its
. preservation and existence. These Were his
sentiments! How noble! How grand!
i The next striking reflection 1 had was bc
. tween these impostors and our modern ru
iors ; they, forsooth took on them to call over
evii spirits in the name of the Lord Jesus, and
i to cast them out, Sec. as St. Paul bad done be
fore- his departure ; but see the fate of those
pretenders to work miracles . So the present
f rulers have appointed a day to work their
Miraculous powers like Washington. These
1 believe, as soon as the war commences will
. cry ( lit tike the u a-i in whom tne evil spirit
was, Jesus ! know and Paul I knew, but who
. art ye : Their language will be, Washington
i know and Federalism I know, but who arc
ye. Then the present prcUndcd friends of
lie people will flee out of that house; viz.
Cctyi'-ss, which they have unworthily filled
with dug;ate, wounded and naked, anti their
ruitiou* policy will be mauc manifest to all
men.
If vc apply the power which god gave
to Mh*li': e-on to overcome the er:t spirit on
the other stde the Atlantic, that opposed our
independence, I fear we shall never see our
present rulcra as successful as he was m v..n
qtlisliing their power over us by land and s-.a,
and forming a prosperous treat;., under which
we grew wealthy and great: though not wise
or good, for if ‘that had been the case we
should never have changed the politics of our
great and good Washington ; but alas is the
glory departed forever from America! No
saitli reason, although the present rulers
would forever plunge us in war and all man
ner of evil, natural and mot al, by which we
should be as the son of perdition observed
without honor and without courage and be
neath the condition of the colony ol Jamaica,
in rei pect of honor and dignity. lay reason
sounds aloud, choose no man for your future
President who offers himself tor he seeks r.ot
the good of America, but bis own interest
and Honor. If ary ask what then shall we do.
In answer to such an inquiry I sav choose a
Washington, the relation and friend of that
great and good man, who under god brought
into a glorious state of liberty and independ
ence : This I say is the man that I believe
will restore us to our prcslinc greatness and
honor, make us once more a happy people :
I mean Mr. Btishrod Washington, who now
fills an honorable office and is 1 believe wor
thy to fill the Presidential Chair. Had we
the wisdom to elect him we should see no
more hostility to one belligerent and an olive
. held to the other ; no more embargoes, non
intercourse, and restrictions on commerce—
but an honest and just policy towards all na
: tions would he pursue, seeking the good ol
the people of America.
A VIRGINIAN.
Refactions on IVar!
[Extracted from a Sermon delivered in the
Baptist Meeting-House, in Cambridge,Eng
land.]
[Continued from our last.]
lt is time to proceed to another
view of the subject, which is, the influ
ence of national warfare on the morals
of mankind; a topic on which 1 must
be very brief, but which it would be
wrong to omit, as it supplies an addi
tional reason to every good man for the
love of peace.
“ The contests of nations are both
the offspring and the parent of injus
tice. The Word of God ascribes the
existence of war to the disorderly pas
sions of men. Whence come wars and
fightings among you? saith the Apos
tle James, come they not from your lusts
that war in your members ?—It is cer
tain, two nations cannot engage in hos
lilities, but one party must be guilty of
injustice;—and if the magnitude of
crimes is to be estimated by a regard
to their consequences, it is difficult to
conceive an action of equal guilt with
the wanton violation of peace. Though
something must generally be allowed
for the complexness and intricacy of
national claims, and the consequent li
ability to deception, yet where the guilt
of an unjust war is clear and manifest,
it sinks every other crime into insigni
ficance. If the existence of war always
implies injustice, in one al least of the
parties concerned, it is also the fruitful
parent of crimes. It reverses, with
respect to its objects, all the rules of
morality. It is nothing less than a
temporary repeal of the principles of
virtue.
“ It is a system out of which almcst
all the virtues are excluded, and in
which nearly all the vices are incorpo
rated, Whatever renders human na
ture amiable or respectable, w hatever
engages love or confidence, is sacrific
ed at its shrine. In instructing us to
consider a portion of our fellow crea
tures as the proper object of enmity, it
removes, as far as they arc concerned,
the basis of all society, of all civiliza
tion and virtue ; for the basis of these
is the good w ill due to every individual
of the species, as being a part of our
selves. From lliis principle all the
rules of social virtue emanate. Jus
tice and humanity in their utmost ex
tent are nothing more than the practi
cal application of this great law. The
sword, and that alone, cuts asunder
the bond of comangiiinuity, which u
niles man to man. As it immediately
aims at the extinction of life, it is next
to impossible, upon the principle that
every thing may he lawfully done to
him whom we have a right to kill, to
set limits to military licence; for when
men pass from the dominion of reason
to that of force, whatever restraints
are attempted to be laid on the pas
sions will he feeble and fluctuating.—
Though we must applaud, therefore,
the attempts of the humane Grotius, to
blend maxims of humanity w ith milita
ry operations, it is to be feared they
will never coalesce,‘since the former
imply the subsistence of those ties
which the latter suppose to be dissolv
ed. Hence the morality of peaceful
times is directly opposite to the maxims
of war. The fundamental rule of the
first is to do good ; of the latter, to in
flict injuries. The former commands
us to succour the oppressed : the latter
to overwhelm the defenceless. The
former teaches men to love their ene
mies ; the latter to make themselves
t: rrible even to strangers. The rules
of morality will r.ot suffer us to pro
mote the dearest interest by falsehood;
the maxims of war applaud it when
employed in the destruction of others.
That a familiarity with such maxims,
must tend to harden lire heart, as well
as to pervert the aer.il sentiments, is
too obvious to need illustration. Ti e
natural consequences ol their preva
lence • 11,1 unfeeling and unprincipled
ambition, with uu idolatry o taler s,
and a contempt of virtue; whence the
esteem of mankind is turned from (he
humble, the beneficent and the good, to
men who are cjmilified b) a geiiiua hi
tile in expedients, a courage that is ne
ver appalled, ami a heart that never
pities, to become the destroyers ol the
earth. While the philanthropist is de
vising means lo mitigate the evils and
augment the happiness of the world,
a fellow -worker together with God, in
exploring and given effect to the bene
volent tendencies of nature, the war
rior is revolving, in the gl omy reces
ses of his capacious mind, plans of lu
ture devastation and ruin; prisons
crowded with captives, cities emptied
of their inhabitants, fields desolate and
waste, are among his proudest tro
phies. The fabric of his fame is ce
mented with tears and blood; and il
his name is watted to the ends oi the
earth, it is in the shrill cry of suffering
humanity ; in the curses and impreca
tions of those whom his sward has re
duced to despair.
“ Let me he not understood to involve i
in this guilt every man who engages in i
war. or to assert that war itself is in
all cases unlawful. The injustice ot i
mankind hitherto incurable, renders >
it in some instances necessary, and
therefore lawful; but unquestionably,
these instances are much more rare than
the practice of the world and its casuis
try would lead us to suppose.
In contemplating the influence of
war on public morals, it would be un
pardonable not to remark the effects it
never fails to produce in those parts of
the world w hich are its immediate scat.
The injury which the morals of a peo
ple sustain from an invading army is
prodigious. The agitation and sus
pense universally prevalent, are in
compatible with every thing which re
fiuires calm thought or serious reflection.
In such a situation is it any wonder the
duties of piety fall into neglect, the
sanctuary of God is forsaken, and the
gates of Zion mourn and are desolate?
Familiarized to the sight of rapine and
slaughter, the people must acquire a
hard and unfeeling character. The
precarious tenure in which every thing
is held during the absence of laws,
must impair confidence; Ihe sudden re
volutions must be infinitely favourable
to fraud and injustice. He who reflects
on these consequences, will not think it
too much to affirm, that the injury the
virtue, of a people sustains from inva
sion is greater than that which affects
their property or their lives, lie will
perceive that by such a calamity the
seeds of order, v irtue and piety, w hich
it is the first care of education to im
plant and mature, are swept away as
by a hurricane/’
In order that our readers may know
how our political adversaries account
fur the change which has just taken
taken place, we give the following ex
planation, as wo find it in their own
leading print.* JV*. T. Evn. Post.
From Hie Albany Register of Tuesday.
11l HASTE ItOtS EFFECTS OF TAXATION, I’KOBO
<I ATI ON AMI DF.NT NCIATIOS.
To sigh over the fallen ruins of a
splendid edifice, would be unavailing*
without tracing the causes of its fall,
and pointing to the means of repairing
the ravages of folly or design, and res
toring the fabric to its pristine stateli
ness. strength and splendor.
The republican column of the state
of New-York is now prostrate in the
dust. The breath of the people has
withered it, it has fallen, and its scat
tered fragments, from Long-Island to
Genesee, fill the mind of the patriot
with painful retrospects and melancho
ly presages.
But where shall we look for the cau
ses of this mournful and mighty ruin r
We answer, there is as little difficulty
in the mind of u correct observer of
human affairs in recurring to the cau
ses, as there was in seeing the effects
that have flown from them.
Firstly—Gelatin’s budget of federal
taxation, for whieh no necessity ever
existed, alarmed some and palsied the
energies of others of the best support
ers of the republican system.
Secondly—The prorogation of the
legislature lo stop the passage of a
bill; a measure unprecedented in our
annals—of doubtful aspect, at least, as
to its constitutionally, by many of the
most genuine republicans deemed to be
both arbitrary and unconstitutional—
and in every point, of view a dangerous
and alarming exercise of power. Asa
precedent, in the hands of our oppo
nents, what mischief may not flow from
the repetition of this expedient, unless
the constitution he speedily explained
or amended, by the eall of a convention,
so as to lop elf entirely this royal ex
crescence. inadvertently spared by the
sword of the revolution. Further, the
prorogation, by proclaiming to the peo
ple, that republican legislatures had
repeatedly been bribed, impaired the
confidence if many in republican can
didates, and induced them either to
vote for federalists, or ret to vete at
all.
Thirdly, and perhaps the most ef
fective oi ali, w e may rank the denun.
ciations of the Marthng men and their
adherents under the auspices of Am
brose Spencer; the spreading of tha
fulmitiations of those men by lib cmis.
saries in the western district, and (l u j r
intolerant persecution of every mau
who voted lur the Bank of America.
The root of the Embargoes The
two embargoes laid upon our country
have been, both of them, executive
measures. The first, very unexpected-
Jv to congress as well as the American
public, was recommended by Mr. Jes.
ferson, December 18, 1807, as beirg
of the greatest importance to keep fu
safety the essential resources of our coup,
try. Father than that, the Why and
Wherefore were not given. The par
ticular cause of that embargo was en
veloped in mystery at the time, ;ud
the measure was a matter of great won
der and astonishment ; inasmuch as the
British orders in council were rot then
known to exist, and the premiums of
insurance on American products and
merchandize, had risen little or noth
ing.
In a short time the mystery was un
ravelled. The French Emperor had
declared, that “ the Americans should
be compelled to take tbe positive cha
racter of either alics or enemies.'’—
Also Champagr.y,the French minister,
in his letter to General Armstrong.
[Oct. 7, 1807] had declared in sub
stance that the continental system, or
the Berlin decree must be rendered
“ complete.’’’ lienee the embargo was
hurried on. Four days after the ar
rival of these despatches from France,
Mr. Jefferson recommended the em
bargo, and had it hurried through both
houses of Congress, with utmost speed.
Unquestionably it was a French mea
sure, and of course, Bonaparte, liir„>
and again, expressed his unqualified
approbation of it.
The present embargo was recom
mended to congress, by the executive,
in the same vague inuinuite manner, a
the former cne. No particular rea
sons far it were given. The I’residwit
“ considered it us expedient under ex
isting dram stances." —is there r.o key
to unlock th? secret? Yes, Mr. Ha: -
dolph has furnished one. In his speech
on the subject, April 1, Mr. R declar
ed, of Lis own knowledge , that the
French minister, Mr. Seriurier, e\;:
since liis arrival at the seat of govern
ment, had been pressing our govern
ment to prohibit the exportation of c::r
commerce to the Spanish peninsula.’’- -
To this cause, an Mr. Randolph plai -
ly intimated, our present embargo
attributable. AVlmt so favorable a
time, at once to grainy Bonanarte and
to give a fatal stub to the peninsula, as
the present, w hen ii is in uncommon
want of provisions and our country ha:
an immense surplus in readiness for
xpoitolion thither— Con. Cour.
At Private Sale.
10,000 ihsCordage; 2 Hawsers
20 hhds Molasses 20 do. Sugar
30 do. F. Hum, 20 do. Whisk*: *
10 pipes Brandy ; 30 obis Brain!
50 bis. Apple Brandy
15 hhds West-!:alia !hia
100 bags and 20 bids. Coffee
30 pipes Gin
49 bbls. Flour
20 chests Hyson Tea
30 bbls. Loaf Sugar
30 boxes Candles
1C pipes Brandy
Also,will be exchanged fur Cot tun.
2 pipes Madeira AYiue
2co kegs Gunpowder
tl chests Hyson skin Tea
4 elegant stick bodied Girors.
PUNNING & { LAY
Landing,
At Rice’s Wharf.
From on beard the Sloop Arc.
turns, from Fredericksburg ;,
Virgina.
1300 bushels Corn,
30 barrels Flour,
50 half barrels do.
10 barrels Pilot Bread,
50 kegs Crackers,
Pur Sate be
CARPENTER & GREEN.
Ma y 5 o
RED-LION HOTEL,
JVV 200, Market-Street, within f,v - g,or /
Sixth Street, on tie South ethic, , .j. in ; .*
Centre of the J’lincipc! Pr.tmrtcr.i, &c.
GEORGE YOKE,
ITAVING considerably .1
|j this concern, to which, !.y „ ;
addition to the building, he has a Fir !
a number of Chambers, a large iJinir-g.
room and extensive Stalling —lnfoKrs
Merchants and Travellers,',* at lie ire,
it in his power to accommodate them
with a well served up table, good v inn
liquors, — moderate charges, avd
most unremitting aUcutiou $• in cfccr*.
with every convenience, which he flat
ters himself, will give satisfaction to
his Friends and the Public.
Philadelphia, A'cv. 2, ISJI. l