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tostitatinttalist K Rrpntilic.'
BYNAMES GARDNER^
OEEICB ON MaTNTOSH-STREET,
mimupouft rtox m horth-wsst oobssb or
BROAD-STRKF.T .
T* B M S : .fi no
UPb&Uy. in advance per annum so 00
If not Id advance per annum <OO
Tri-Weekly, in advance, per annum 4 00
If not in advance per annum a 00
W 5 Weekly, in advance....per annum 200
Discount fob Clubs.
Charleston and Savannah.
An article appears in the Charleston Mercury
of Saturday morning last, which, under the cap
tion of 41 Health of Charleston,” affects sympa
thy for Savannah, because, says the Editor, “The
mortality is far greater than has ever before
marked the disease, either in that city or in
Charleston, and indicates a malignant type more
like that of the South-west last year, than like
the ordinary yellow fever.” If these are the
grounds of the writer’s “surprise” and “distress”
we are happy in exteuding him information
which may relieve such sensations. The mor
tality is not greater than has evei before marked
the disease either in this city or Charleston, and
does not indicate a milignant type, like that of
the South-west last year, and is like that of the
ordinary form of yellow fever.
I If some natives and residents of our city have
been attacked by this fever, it should be borne
in mind that it isa disease not endemic among
us. Twenty-seven years have passed since its
last appearance in our midst as an epidemic, and
hence it is as much a stranger to the present
generation as to the citizens ol Boston. \Ve had
all deemed this scourge to belong only to the
history of Savannah, and were thankful in feel
ing an exemption Irom its visitations. The bil
ious remittent fever is the autumnal disease of
this city and the surrounding country, and against
this acclamatization is an effectual barrier. In
Charleston, however, yellow fever is of nearly
annual recurrence, and a citizen of that place,
like one ot New Orleans, by a residence of a
few summers, enjoys immunity from attack.
That such is the fact we need only' quote the
words oT Dr. Samuel Henry Dickson, Professor
ot the Practice of Medicjpe, in the Charleston
Medical College, and a practitioner ot medicine
in that city for the quarter of a century. Tnat
light of the profession (deservedly so regarded)
f in discussing the contagiousness ot yellow fever,
ol which he is an advocate, says “with regard to
our own immediate interest in this question, it is
lessened by the universal admission, that the dis
ease may originate here ; the facts which go to
prove its local production as an endemic ol our
city (Charleston) are too numerous and clear to
admit of a reasonable doubt.” Again, says the
Doctor, “as early as 1749 Dr. Jno. Moultrie at.
tributes the epidemic of 1742 distinctly to do
mestic sources.” The Doctor then goes on to
||r quote from Dr. Danit’ Ramsay, the historian of
South Carolina, who wrote in the year 1800,
wherein that author says, “the physicians and
inhabitants are agreed in the belief that the dis
ease is neither imported nor contagious. This
was the unanimous sentiment of the Medical
j| Society who last sutrimer advised the govern
ment that the rigid enforcement of the quaran
tine laws was by no means necessary on account
of the yellow fever.”
From this it appears that for more than a cen
tury the yellow lever has been the piodact of
local causes in the city of Charleston. “ The
summer of 1824 was one of terrible pestilence in
that city.” We quote again from Dr. Dickson
It was there, as we learn from the same author
ity, in 1827, ’2B, ’35, ’36, ’3B, ’39, ’4o—and in
the remembrance ol ns all, it visited that city in
1852.
In Savannah, dn the other hand, no physician
allows it to be an endemic disease of the city.
This is the third time has prevailed here—
K once in i&l&Agnffin 1827, and now in 1804.
< We do ntend that its present existence is
'^'l9~bfc"Bf , £ounted for by other than local causes.
But we do Md that there causes, whatever they
may be, are rarely in operation among us, and
Savannah’s past history fully justifies this opin
ion.
F We are informed by the physicians that the
disease is not of a malignant type, and when
taken hold of at the beginning ol the initatorr
fever, is quite tractable, yielding readily to reme-
IH, dies and good nursing. It is only among the
poorer classes, who tail in oMaiinng immediate
aid,that a serfoujP|nortaihty occurs.
s*£. ftAthe residents the'fiist *tag<- ct of
Hhougu short level, which n.-iiiiy
SLan entire mi;.-
HLtfWbe'n the ,n.-e^s,.
is t1 ioi.get .lur.r, c.:d the <r-
KEg&Emmfa followed by the charade;hs'ics o! tie-
KgMdy—a yellow hue o! the skin, black vomit.
HMKpse, and dissolution.— Suranmth Groigiau,
29 th inst.
$ Suicide.—John M. Jackson, late of the firm
of Jones, Jackson, &c. Cairiage Makers, Car
tersville Gee., committed suicide, near that
place on Monday morning last, by cutting his
throat with a pocket knife. It appears that the
deceased had lately become quite intemperate in
his babbits, having drank to such excess as
to bring upon him occasional fits of delirium
tremens. At an early hour on the morning o:
h:.s death, he was seen walking along the rail
_—'-fcacT tfack, which he followed until he had cross
ed the Etowah river, when he turned a little
aside from the road and committed the horrid
crime. An inquest was held over the body on
Monday evening, by Richard Gaines, Coroner,
and a verdict rendered in accordance with
the above facts. —Cassville Standard, 25//i
inst.
,T .
Memory. —Whatever has once given us pain
or pleasure is remembered long, and recurred to
often as wc pass down the journey of life to the
~*l*rey hairs and solitudes ot our last year. Love
has been to every one the source cf both. Every
ore has treasured away on the sacred pages of
memory a thousand little incidents, ever to be
revealed in time, to which, as to some fascina
ting fiction, it returns, whenever a gloomy, oran
idle, unsocial hour calls up the musing spirit—
aad turns the mind upon the past. Life, review
ed through the mists ol by-gone yeais, seem rath
er a curious wrought fiction, or a feverish dream,
than a stern reality. We are surrounded by me
mentos of the affection of friends, but these
friends themselves are gone. We remember the
councils of wisdom, the sage instructions of ex
perience, by which our minds were formed, and
a direction given to the current of our thoughts
and habits, but the lips from whence they flow
ed have long been mute as the still valley where |
they lie mouldering. We have danced and sung
with the gay and giddy, and been enraptured at
the thrilling voice and kindling eye ot beauty,
but we are alone. The visions have passed from
ui. In one grave-yard and another there are lit
tle hillocks, and white stones bearing remember
ed names, and this is all that is left to us. But
i : is among the melancholy ruins of the past that !
we gather the richest stores for the future. It is
there we learn how very vain-are earthly hopes
—how fleeting earthly friends—how frail even
the strongest chords of affection. It is there we
earn to prepare for another state of being.
®<f LF^A D:ruSTING Railway Signal.—Mr. S.
L. Spafiord, the able superintendent ol the Bal
timore and Philadelphia Railroad, has invented a
valuable self-adjusting signal to be.used at draw
l-ridges, switches, railroad crossings and other
places of uanger. It can be attached, we are
__ to any moveable structure, at a slight ex
pense ; it is simple in its construction, and con
sequently not liable to get out of order. It can I
lie elevated to any height desired, and is so ar
ranged as to show the proper signal, both by
night and day. The chiet merit in the inven
tion, however, consists in the absolute impossi
bility to show a wrong signal by it; a desidera
tum long felt by railroad men. The machinery
by which the signal is operated is connected
with the structure to which it is applied, in such
a manner as to render it impossible to exhibit
the signal of safety for the passage of a train un
less the structure, a draw for instauce, be in its
proper place and securely locked.
The circumstance which led to this invention
illustrates it* importance and value. Soon after
Mr. Spafford assumed office of Superinten
dent of the Railroad, with which he is at pre
sent connected, a freight train, running at night,
was precipitated through an open draw into a
river, causing the death of several jiersons and
of a large amount of properly.
The draw, it seems, had been left open for the
passage of a vessel, and the Bridge tender, being
Stigued, fell asleep. The noise of the approach
ing train suddenly awakened him from bis slum
ber, and being confused, as was natural under
the circumstances, he unwittingly exhibited the
pignal of safety instead of the signal ol dauger, and
the train went rushing on to its destruction.— (
This accident directed Mr. Spafford’s attention
to the necessity of having a system of signals,
which should be entirely independentof any hu
man being, and which at the same time should
be in all respects reliable. After much reflec
tion on the subject he succeeded in producing the
Self-Adjusting Railway signal, which was im
mediately introduced into use upon the Philadel
phia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad, where
it has successfully established its reliability and
usefulness by sustaining every test to which it
has been submitted. —Baltimire American.
AUGUSTA, GA.
WEDNESDAY MORNING, AUG. 30,1854.
Know-Nothingiam.
This secret organization is ephemeral in its
very nature, and is destined at an early day to
die out. We predict, that the time is near at
hand when respectable men will be ashamed of
having had anything to do with it, and when
being charged with having been a Know-Noth
ing, will be considered an insult. All secret po
litical societies are anti-Republican—anti-Amer-
ican. They are antagonistic to the spirit of our
institutions, and cannot long escape public repro
bation. This particular secret society is in direct
conflict with the Federal Constitution. It is in
conflict with the spirit of liberty, animating our
fore-fathers, who, in achieving independence,
sought to establish a brotherhood of freemen on
our soil, where its votaries, from every land
would find sympathy and welcome—for well
they knew, that such exiles and refugees from
oppression would bring with them the principles
that would fit them to be good citizens.
One of the most prominent and sublime prin
ciples established by the Constitution is, religious
tolerance. “Freedom to worship God” was
what the Pilgrims sought on the rock-bound
coast of New England. Half the work of the
Revolution would be undone, or go for naught, if
the principle of religious toleration is to be tram
pled under foot.
The political prejudices engendered against
the Roman Catholic Religion are groundless, un
just and absurd ; for so deeply imbued witt; Re
publican principles are our own native popula
tion. and so thoroughly do our foreign population
become so after a few years’ residence, that no
religion can loug flourish among them, that as
sumes to come in conflict with those principles.
Any such religion must, in its tenets, and church
government and discipline, conform to the spirit
of cur Republican people and age, or it must
lose its hold on the affections at;d confidence of
the people. No sacerdotal despotism can be
long maintained over the American mind in a
way to become a political power in the State.
There is a total divorce between politics and re
ligion, according to our Constitution, and all po
litical parties and good citizens should respect
that provision.
In the North, temporary excitements, and the
old flame of Native Americanism have flared up
so as to create those Know-Nothing organiza
tions, with a view to correct social and political
; evils, existing or supposed to exist there—espi
cially in the large cities. But why should the
South imitate Northern example in its ruffian
ism, or its persecutions? We have nothing to
complain of, either against foreigners or Catho
lics. We have nothing to complain of against
; the foreigners and Catholics of the Northern
; States, the objects of the fierce denunciations of
Know-Notbingism. On that vital subject of
slavery, the Catholic clergy have always scrup
ulously abstained from interfering with us.—
Their names are never seen to abolition petitions.
On this same subject of slavery, we have found
the Democratic party of the North far more re
liable in defence of the constitutional rights of
the South, than any other party. It has been
the only reliable party. It is at this moment
the only one now sustaining and defending the
great measure of the day, which repudiated the
insulting restriction imposed on the South by the
Missouri Compromise, and which the Northern
Whigs, and the Free-soilers and Abolitionists, to
a man, denounce. Yet, the foreigners, who come
to our shores, and become citizens, are almost en
masse Democrats. They are Democrats in prin
ciple when they land on our shores. There is a
congeniality in the doctrines, and a charm in the
very name of Democracy, which draw them to
that party, and they are found generally voting
with it as soon as they become endowed with
the right of suffrage.
1 his foreign vote is an element infused into
the Democratic party, under no circumstances to
be leared. It is not strong enough to control its
action, or to incorporate new principles into its
creed. On the other hand, the foreigners who
become Democrats, become, more or less, Ameri
canized, and identified with our people in inter
est and policy, while the r children are as
thorough Americans as aie those who can trace
back to American parents for a half dozen gene
rations.
Westrrn & Atlantic Railroad. —For the
month of June, (says the Federal Union.) Five
Thousand Dollars from the nett earnings of
the Western and Atlantic Railroad for that
i month, were paid into the State Treasury ; and
for the month of July. Twenty Thousand Dol
lars were paid into the Treasury. This will be
gratifying intelligence to the peaple, who have
been so often told that the State Road was a
woithless piece of property, and should be given
away rather than be held by the State. We are
clearly convinced from the foregoing facts, that
with good management, the State Road will
soon pay into the State Treasury, annually, from
one to two hundred Thousand Dollars. We have
believed, all the time, that the State Road could
be made profitable, and when we opposed with
all our energies, all 'propositions before the last
Legislature to lease or sell it, we did not so soon
expect to see our arguments sustained, but con
fidently believed that a few years of good man
agement would realize the lull measure of our
prophecies.
The Drought. — W; earn (says the Balti
more American J that the drought in some parts
of the Western country exceeds greatly that of
any season previously known. A gentleman re
siding not far from Pittsburgh, went recently to
that city for a supply of potatoes and corn, his
fields being entirely burned up. Unable to pro
cure the articles wanted, he went to Wheel ng
where he met with no better success, and bad to
go on to Cincinnati before he could get his sup
plies. We have also a letter from a gentleman
at Cleveland, Ohio, who states that every thing
in the shape of vegetation is burnt op in that
region of country—that the contrast between
Baltimore county and the West, is moR marked,
the former being green and thriving in compari
son.
Another terrible railroad accident happened to
a tram from Cincinnati on the 16th inst. As the
passenger cars were about passing round a curve
besrde which was a,high embankment, a cow
suddenly appeared upon the track and in a mo
ment was under the wheels of the locomotive,
which became detached .and ran on uninjured.
I he baggage car, containing several prsons. was
thrown down the embankment. The first pas
senger car followed, but fortunately for those in
side, pitched endwise down the precipice.
Strangs as it may appear, only tvro persons wsrs
seriously injured by the catastrophe, viz: Mr.
Locke and Mr. Keenan, who were in the bag
gage car. Both these gentlemen it w r as feared
would not survive. All the others escaped with
slight scratches and bruises.
Health of Savannah.
The interments on Monday were eleven, of
which six were by yellow Fever. A despatch
received at this office,says the weather was plea
sant.
Board of Health.
The Charleston Mercury, of the 29th inst.,
says: “ The regular weekly report of the City
Register will be published to-morrow, and a dai
ly report every morning afterwards, in pursu
ance of the subjoined Preamble and Resolution,
adopted at a meeting of the Board of Health, held
yesterday.
Whereas, Exaggerated reports respecting the
extent ot the prevalence of Yellow Fever in this
city, are circulated here and elsewhere: The
Board of Health deem it advisable to give an ac
curate statement of the number of deates daily,
in order that the public may receive from a re
liable source, the actual progress of the disease—
be it Therefore
Resolved, That the City Register is hereby
instructed to publish in the City papers the num
ber of deaths, daily, by Yellow Fever.
Health of the City—Official Report.
Savannah, Sunday Aug. 27, 9 P. M.
Interments in Laurel Grove Cemetery on Sunday.
W. S. Johnson, 21 years, Typhoid Fever, Sav.
Wm. Hancill.. .27 “ Inflam. Bowels, England.
Rindwal... .25 44 Fits, Russia.
Brozer 25 44 Yellow Fever, Penn’a.
Mary Wa11... .16 “ Yellow Fever, Ireland.
Total 5 —2 Yellow Fever.
Blanks —Picket.. 30 years, Bilious Fever.
Interments in the Catholic Cemetery on Sunday.
Mrs. Jane Reily 55 years, Consumption.
Bridget S. Scanland 27 44 Yellow Fever.
Ann Foley 22 44 44 “
Francis Collins .. 32 44 44 44
Michael G1ea50n....... 2 1 44 44 44
Dominick O’Byrne 3 6 44 44 44
Philp O’Neil 20 44 “ 44
Total 7—6 Yellow Fever.
From the above reports it will be seen (says
the News) that the interments at all the ceme
teries yesterday, were 12, of whom 8 died from
yellow fever. When we take into considera
tion that for several days past the weather has
been very w’arm, the above report is more fa
vorable than anticipated. The weather con
tinues dry, with a southeast wind, and as far as
our information extends, the disease has consid
erably abated particularly as regards new cases.
The Public Health and the Weather.—
In common with many citizens with whom we
have conversed, we regret that so many exag
gerated reports, relative to the existence ot the
yellow fever, should have been sent from the
city. Our country exchanges begin to teem
with rumors eonterning the prevalence of the
disease, for which there is not a shadow of foun
dation. In order to satisfy the public mind on
this subject, we have been at some pains to gath
er the following information, by which it will
be seen that up to yesterday there had been only
twelve deaths from the yeljow fever, in the two
hospitals, since the 11th inst, The total number
of cases admitted at the Marine Hospital from
the above date to yesterday afternoon was eigh
teen, of which eight proved fatal; four have
been cured and discharged, and six are still un
der treatment. Only two new eases were ad
mitted yesterday, and there was but one death.
The total number of admissions into the Alms
house Hospital have been fifteen of which four
terminated fatally ; two have been discharged,
five are convalescent, and four are in what is
called the second stage and are not yet pronounc
ed out ot danger. Two new cases were admit
ted, but there were no deaths yesterday. This
is even a more gratifying exhibit of the sanitary
condition of the city than we had anticipated
after the recent severe spell of warm weather.
The thunder storm which set in yesterday
went fartowards reviving panting and drooping
animate and inanimate nature, and it is hoped
will prove equally beneficial in purifying the at
mosphere and restoring our city to its wonted
perfectly healthy state. The fact that only
one death occurred at the hospitals within the
forty-eight hours ending yestereay afternoon is
highly encouraging, and confirms the belief of
most of those with whom we have conversed
that the disease will be almost wholly confined
to persons who have recently arrived fropn in
fected ports,and to emigrants who have lately
come from Europe, and who adopt no sanitary
precautions whatever. That there should be a
few sporadic cases is not surprising—these are
to be found in nearly every seaboard city. The
Philadelphia papers inform us that a servant girl
in that city, who had not been in any place
where she could contract the disease,died of yel
low lever last week. Unless we should be un
fortunately visited by brief, and frequent rains,
followed by warm sunshine, we think there is
little cause for alarm this season.— Char. Stand
ard. | 29 th inst.
We copy the above from the Charleston Stan
dard of yesterday, and will anxiously await the
report of the Board of Health, which will make
its appearance in the Charleston papers of this
morning, and be published daily hereafter. We
hope the Standard's statement of yesterday may
prove more correct than the statement we pub
lished last Wednesday, taken from the same pa
per, and published the day previous to the last
report of the Board of Health.
A Worthy Example.
We received yesterday from Mr. Thomas W.
Fleming, Foreman of the special Jury of the
Couit of Common Pleas, now in session, the
amount of seven dollars, with the request of him
self and brother Jurors, that the amount should
be handed over to the Treasurer of the Orphan
Assylum, as a contribution from that body. This
is an example worthy of being followed by other
Grand Juries, for they could not contribute their
funds to a more laudable object.
Fancy Dress Ball at Indian Springs.
This event takes place on the 7th of Sept., and
we state, for the convenience of visitors, that a
splendid assortment of character Costumes;
English, French, Spanish, Turkish, and nearly
all the nations known to man, will be on the
spot for selection on the occasion.
The Liquor Law in New Haven.—A great
meeting was held at New Haven, Conn., on
Tuesday afternoon, for the purpose of appointing
liquor agents, and for designating the quantity of
liquor to be used for mechanical and sacramental
purposes. The opnosers of the law resisted all
action, and a vote to adjourn was carried by them
—eleven hundred and fifteen against ten hun
dred and sixty. The friends of the law said they
had a large majority present, if their friends had
not been crowded from the door-way by the
rowdies. Their opponents deny that this was so.
At a general court martial, which convened at
Fort Union, New Mexico, on the 10th of Feb
ruary, 1854, pursuant to Orders No. 7, of Janu
ary, 26, 1854, headquarters'department of New
Mexico, and of which Brevet Major D. H. Ruck
er, Assistant Qil&rtermaster, was president, First
Lieut. Wylly C. Adams, of the 2d regiment of
Artillery, was arrangned and tried on the charge
of drunkenness on duty. Having been fround
guilty, he was sentenced to be /‘cashiered,” ar.d
on the 16ch instant the sentence was duly car
ried out.
Fatal casps of cholera have become so scarce
in New’ York that the Board of Health no longer
deem it necessary to make daily reports. The
disease appears to be rapidly disappearing from
all parts of the country. The panic is reported
to have subsided at St. Johns, N. 8., where the
epidemic was so exceedingly virulent that all
who could left the place. The citizens are now
returning to their homes.
The California Steamers.
The following is an extract of a letter from
a gentleman with whom we are well acquainted.
We publish it for the information ot those who
contemplate visiting the land of gold. The
writer, it will be seen, has not.formed a very
high opinion of the independent line, and strong
ly recommends the regular mail line.
On Boars of Steam Ship North Star, )
In sight of Aspinwall, August 13th, 1854. J
We have arrived in sight of the Isthmus and
will get in about ten o’clock to night. We have
had very pleasant weather, it having been quite
cool all the way thus far. The Independent
line, and this ship in particulars a perfect hum
bug, so far as order, clenliness and decency is
concerned. The ship is a good staunch vessal, a
good sailor, &c. The Captain is fit, and should
be the commander of a scow on the Erie Canal.
The table is the dirtiest, comon place affair, that
I have ever seen, and not half as good and clean
as I taw the convicts in Sing Sing eating this
summer. We have on board two negro families
who have a State Room, and have had more
liberties on board than any others, except about
six lewed women, who have seemed to vie with
the negroes in airs and impudence, but thank
heaven we are nearly out of it for the present.
I would advise all who think of coming to Cali
fornia to take the Nickaragua route, it is no more
cost in the end, and I am told that it is much the
best route, by twenty, who went home that
route from one to two months since. We have
not been sick much, and I have stood it well. K.
is not so very lond of steamship travelling, and
takes it rather hard, on account of not being able
to get any thing fit to eat, for the filth of the
cooking is intelerable. As near as I can come
at the expeDse it will take us S6O to get across
the Isthmus and get on the Yankee Blade, and
on the other route it costs nothing extra.
We passed Cuba on the east two days since,
and Hayti on the west yesterday.
* Yours, &c.
Viewing Things Through Whig Speo acles.
Some weeks ago the Tennessee papers pub
lished a correspondence betw-een Judge Pepper,
and Gov. Johnson of that State,*on the occasion
of an interchange of courtesies between those
gentlemen in the way of their former callings—
the one having been a Blacksmith, the other a
Tailor by trade. The Judge presented the Gov
ernor with a shovel, the workmanship of his
own hands. Whereupon the Governor present
ed the Judge with a black cloth sack coat, draft
ed, cut, sewed and prepared with his own hands,
each present being accompanied with a letter.—
The Independsnt Press published at Eatonton
copies the correspondence and adds:
“ We had clipped the above extract from one
of our exchanges for insertion in our paper, as
going to show' the beauty of our institutions, in
that no class of men are excluded from the high
est offices in America. We thought, also that it
might encourage the-young mechanic in his dai
ly labor to know that the governor of Tennessee
was a tailor and that one ol the judges in that
State was a blacksmith. Not so with the
Chronicle & Sentinel. That paper of a recent
date says
“We saw this correspondence when it first ap
peared in the Nashville papers, and a more un
mitigated, disgusting exhibition of low canting
demagogueism never met our observation, And
to add to the coolness of the thing, the paper
which first published it, saiu that the publica
tion was not sought or procured by Ihe writers,
That was the coolest thing in the chapter !
When we read this from the Chronicle & Sen
tinel, w’e were amazed, and began to ask oursell
why does this paper talk so? The idea passed
into our head that it might be because Gov.
Johnson was a Democrat, and Judge Pepper
might be too. But we do not know the Judge’s
politics. Then we thought it might be illiberal
to the Chronicle & Sentinel to think so, and so
we suspended our opinion, and read on. Sepa
rated by only two paragraphs from the above
extract, and one of which is an illiberal fling
at President Pierce, we found the following :
Vert Well Said.— The Mobile Tribune,
after quoting from the New York Mirror, some
appropriate remarks in relation to the untimely
and lamented death of Miss Fillmore, thus pro
ceeds to speak of the amiable qualities of the
deceased, and the worthy traits of her afflicted
father.
“ Miss Fillmore, we may add, was a highly ac
complished lady, and remarkable for unassuming
modesty and benevolence. During the admin
istration of her father she had most of the man
agement of his household, and was frequently
present at his official receptions in the White
House. Prior to his elevation to the Presidency
she was a teacher in one of the public schools of
New York, and, notwithstanding her sudden
transition from that comparitively humble po
s.tion,tothe highest position in the countiy,
she retained her simple and unostentatious man
ners.
But the father was not a showy man; and
although his elevation to the Vice-Presidency
and thence to the Presidency was rather unex
pected, he also retained his ‘balance,’ and acted
like a man who was to the manor bqrn. There,
must, we think, be some substantially good man
ly and true womanly blood running in the veins
of these Filimores.”
Now according to the Chronicle & Sentinel
to speak of Johnson’s and Pepper’s rising from
the tailor’s board and anvil to be governor and
judge, is an “ unmitigated, disgusting exhibition
of low, canting demagogueism.” But to speak
of Miss Fillmore’s rising from one of the public
schools of N. Yoik to the White House is “very
well said.” There must be “some substantially
good, manly, and true womanly blood running
in the veins of these Fillmores!” The differ
ence is. Gov. Johnson is a Democrat and Miss
Fillmore was the daughter of a Whig. Oh!
d octor, doctor!
Railroad Accident. —By tbe arrival of the
passenger train last evening we learn that the
down passenger train which left Macon, on Sat
urday afternoon at 4 o’clock, ran off the track at
8 o’clock that night, near mile post,
about 61 one miles this side Some
base ingrate had placed a stringer or log of wood
across the track, which threw the engine off.—
We are gratified to learn that no material dam
age was done to the engine, and that no persons
were injured. The down passenger train ol
yesterday., which arrived last evening at 7 o’clock
brought to this city the passengers and the
mails.
The road has been dared, Snd is now free
from all obstruction. —Savannah News,2oth inst.
The manufacturer of the North find them
selves short of water from the extreme drought,
and many mills are suspended.
Nfw Methodist Church. —On Sunday,
20th inst., the New Methodist Church in Alba
ny, Ga., was dedicated ; The Pastor, Rev, P. P.
Smith, officiating.
The Church is a handsome and well finished
structure, capable of seating about five hundred
persons. The dedication sermon was an ex
cellent one, both in matter manner.
The cholera is still very destructive to the
lives of emigrants at sea. The ship Delaware
which lately arrived at New York with two
hundred and forty-five passengers from Havre,
lost eighteen persons by cholera between the sth
and 17th inst.
Between two and three hundred buildings are
reported to have been destroyed by the fire which
took place in Troy, New York, last Saturday.—
Among other property destroyed was the freight
depot of the Hudson River Railroad ; also, the
company 's machine shop, several car houses and
cars; Bridges very extensive chair factory;
Jones & Hitchcock’s bell foundry, and various
other manufacturing establishments. Lumber
to the value of two hundred and fifty thousand
dollars was also destroyed. It is estimated that
the entire Joss will not fall short of one million
dollars. The insurance offices will suffer very
heavily by this saiamity. '
(communicated.)
Madison, Aug. 23.
Mr. Gardner:— lt being now regarded as a
“ fixe<! fact,” that the Presidency of the Georgia
Railroad & Banking Company will soon become
vacant, by the retirement of the present able
and popular incumbent—the succession begins to
awaken no little solicitude. In view of the im
mense interests involved, we trust we shall not
be charged with a ptemature agitation of this
subject. The prosperous management of the
road is a matter of vital importance, not only to
the stockholders, but to the entire region over
which it has been diffusive of untold and incal
culable benefits. The selection of its chief of
ficer should be based upon broad principles.—
Mere preferences for individuals should be un
heeded, and local considerations utterly disre
garded. Tbe permanent and substantial in
terests of all parties ought alone to be consulted.
Thoroughly penetrated by this conviction, and
animated by none other than the most disinter
ested and catholic motives, we presume to offer
to tbe notice of the elective body, the name of a
gentleman peculiarly fitted, in our judgment, to
wear the mantle of Mr. King.
William L. Mitchell, Esq., of Athens, presents
a rare combination of qualifications for this re
sponsible and arduous station. Few men in
Georgia are so deeply imbued with liberal, ex
panded, and comprehensive views of our Railroad
system, and none more familiar with its end and
aims,—its wants and requirements. Though
deservedly ranking among our best educated and
most intelligent citizens, Mr. Mitchell is emi
nently, and in the real import of the term, a prac
tical, a business man. To a far-reaching sagaci
ty, he unites, to an unusual degree, the faculty of
canning, mastering, and arranging details. He
is in the prime of life, and distinguished for en
ergy, promptitude ar.d decision. A rigid econo
mist, he would be admirably adapted to the exi
gency of the times, whilst his fidelity to the
multifarious trusts, both public and private,
heretofore reposed in him, has earned for him an
enviable reputation.
Nor is Mr. Mitchell without experience in the
conduct of Railroad affairs. He was, for four
years, Superintendent of the State road, and that
during the period of its greatest privations, and
most pressing necessities. And now that the
acrimony engendered by political strife, has
ceased to operate; it is universally conceded, that
with the limited resources at command, no ad
ministration, environed by such embarrassments,
could have been more satisfactory or successful.
1 Moreover, we allege, and challenge refutation,
that the policy introduced and established by
him in the management ol the State road, lies at
the foundation of the present prosperity of that
great work. Bitterly assailed as he was, and as
all others will be, who fill that post—his zeal
was never questioned, nor his integrity arraign
ed. The most grievous fault ever laid to his
charge, was undue partiality to the Georgia Rail
road.
In thus recommending Mr. Mitchell, as we
conscientiously do, it is no part of our purpose to
forestall or disparage the pretensions of other
competitors; vva would invite examination and
investigation. Let us have the widest possible
range of selection. We need the services of the
very best man that can be procured. Neither
the inclinations, nor the aspirations of persons
weigh a feather with us. In the expression of
our choice, we are influenced by a desire to pro
mote the welfare of the road, as well as the pub
lic good. Three Stockholders.
(communicated.)
Mr. Editor :—Permit me to answer the in
quiry of a Piny Woods Farmer , published in your
paper of last week, on the subject of Lime, and
as it will require more than one communication to
answer his query, fully and satisfactory, I will
try and furnish a communication each week, un
til my answer is completed ; and in my efforts
hope to invite discussion on a subject of so much
importance to the Agricultural interest of Geor
gia, as I deem it the duty of every one to throw
in their mite of information for the benefit of tl e
many, I therefore freely give what little infor
mation I have on the subject of Agricultural
chemistry, and its practical application—and
have used the simplest mode of conveying my
ideas, (viz) by questions and answers.
Answers to the Inquiry on Limestone and
Shells—The Why and Wherefore.
1 Is Limestone or Shells, simple substance ?
No. They are all compounds belonging to the
limestone iamily.
2 What are they composetTdT?
Carbonic acid and lime. *\
3 Are either of them soluble in water?
No. Not as carbonates, except in 20 to 24,000
parts of water to 1 part of carbonate ol lime, or
limestone.
4 What is the result of burning,?
By applying heat to the limescom', or shells,
the carbonic acid being volatile, tad its affinity
for the lime is destroyed, then it parses off in
vapor, leaving caustic lime.
5 Is the caustic lime more soluble than car
bonate of lime?
Yes. Caustic lime requires only 700 parts of
water to dissolve one ol the lime.
6 Is it important that the lime should be in
solution? Yes.
For several reasons. First, the lime can act
in the presence of water as a neutralizer of
acids, or causing decomposition of insoluble com
pounds, salts ol the soil, rendering them soluble,
as the plants can ody take in its food, in solu
tion, or in a gases state.
7 Will caustic lime absorb the gases?
Yes. 28 lbs. of lime will combine with 9 bis of
water,and with 22 lbs. of carbonic acid, besides
absorbing other gases, in presence ol water.
8 Is there any other advantage gained by
burning ? *
Yes. We gain, in addition to its solubility,
10,000 times more surface; therefore, it takes
a less quantity to cover an acre of soil, and
has a quicker action on insoluble compounds.
Its action with sand when finely divided, renders
the porous sandy soil more firm and retentive,
and renders stiff clay soil porous and lighter.
9 Has the plant the power, by the action of
its fibers, or feeders, to take the acid or gas from
the lime ?
Yes. Particularly when water is present,
as water acts as an acid with the lime, form
ing what is called hydrate, or slacked lieme
When it is a slacked lime, its affinity is increas
ed for carbonic acid, forming a double salt, as a
carbonate and hydrate of lime, when the affi
nities are still increased ; for carbonic acid, by
absorbing two proportions of carbonic acid.
When a new double salt is formed, a8 bi-carbon
nate of [lime, a very soluble salt in water, as ip
this salt, the water acts the part of a base. We
then have a double salt of carbonate of lime
and carbonate of water.
10 What advantages are gained by its form
ing the double salt?
First it is a very soluble m \t- by the acid
of dew, fogs, or rains, it dissolves and filters
through the soil, being so finely divided that
it comes in contact with acids of the soil
which it neutralizes, or comir.g i a contact with
tbe insoluble salts of humans, causes their de
composition, and forming -soluble salts for tbe
use ol the plants,
11. Is there any other advantage in using eau
tic lime, in preference to unburnt stone or shell ?
In addition to its solubility, it becomes the
carrier between the atmosphere and the plants,
from its affinity for water and carbonic acid. It
will absorb from the atmosphere the water and
carbonic acid, and yield it up to the power of the
plant, and as soon as the plant has taken the wa
ter and carbonic acid from the lime, it will again
absorb the water and gas from the atmosphere,
until the plant is satisfied; particularly when
there is a high temperature and moist airfso the
plant does not suffer so severely from drought,
when the lime is properly applied.
12. Is carbonic acid required as food for plants?
Yes! Carbon, or charcoal, is only furnished by
the carbonic gas to the plants.
13. How does the plants obtain the carbon
from the gas ?
Carbonic acid is composed ot one proportion of
carbon, and two proportions of oxygen; the plants
receives the gas in solution, when the organs ot
the plants have the power of decomposing the
carbonic acid, and retaining the carbon in a fine
ly divided state, and forming the base of the
wood. The oxygen, which may be more than
is required tor the use of the plant, is discharged
through the upper part of the leaf, to be inhaled
by the animal or vegetables.
14. Are we to understand from the above,
that the plant requires the lime and carbonic
acid as a constituent?
Yes! The lime acts as an agent, as well as one
of the constituents of the plant, and all seed re
quires lime and magnesia as a constituent.
[the subject will be continued.]
The Weather, the Crops—health &■ c.—
We hear many and serious complaints, from
different sections of our own and neighboring
States, of the protracted drought. In some lo
calities in Georgia, where the corn prospect was
unusually fine six weeks ago, the dry weather
has well nigh cut the crop off entirely. Never
theless, we think there will be a sufficiency of
corn to supply the wants of our people without
sending abroad. The hot dry weather has ma
terially damaged the fodder in places w’here the
corn crop is more promising. We hear flatter
ing accounts of the cotton crop from Texas and
Louisiana; while in Mississippi, Alabama and
Georgia, the reports are less favorable.
Peas and potatoes in this section are doiug
very well, tho ? suffering some from the dry
weather. Our county enjoys a freedom from
sickness truly remarkable. (Vlilledgeville parti
cularly is blessed with health. Our Savannah
friends, who are so unfortunate as to be com
pelled to leave their homes, may find in Mil
ledgeville a pleasant residence, and a healthy at
mosphere.—Federal Union, 29 th inst.
Samatfrrifli.
Augusta Market, August 30.
COTTON.—There has been a fair demand during
the past week, with but a limited stock, all of
which we understand met with ready sale when
put on the market. We have no quotable decline
to notice in prices from these current last week,
except on Good Middlings, which are a little easier,
and we alter our quotations to conform. No Mid
dling Pair or Fair, has been put on the market
this week, and our quotations for these descriptions
we leave blank. A lot of the former would, no
doubt, bring 9 a 91c. The receipts of the new
crop have been light this week, and of that receiv
ed but little has been sold, and at easier prices.
There are but few buyers in the market, and the
qualities offering range from Ordinary to Good
Middling. We quote:
Ordinary to Good Ordinary, stained,.. to 7*
Low Middling to Strict Middling 8 toßf
Good Middling 8| to 83
Middling Fair, no sales
Fair. no sales
RECEIPTS OP COTTON.
Fiom lsr September, 1853, to the latest ,inter receoie i.
1354. 1853.
, r ,- -A
Savannah, Aug. '24 312,095 341,657
Charleston, Aug. 24 443,176 450.162
Mobile, Aug. 18 502,207 518,559
New-Orleans, Aug. 18 1.373,375 1,603,397
Florida, Aug. 10 .155.456 177^922
Texas, Aug. 10 105,134 84,9( 5
Virginia, July 1 12,500 18,172
North Carolina, Aug. 12 9,216 18,109
Total 2.853.759 ,3,213,513
2,883,759
Decrease in Receipts 329,754
STOCK OF COT CON.
Remaining on hand at the latest dates received.
Savannah, Aug. 24 1.891 3,467
Charleston, Aug 24 15/293 8,577
Mobile, Aug. IS 38.998 2,167
New-Orleans, Aug. 18 37,230 10,140
Florida, Aug 15 777 1,349
Texas, Aug. 10 7,564 1,879
Augusta and Hamburg, Aug. 1... 11.114 12,739
Macon, Aug. 1 4/472 4,375
Virginia, July 1 350 400
North Carolina, Aug. 12 420 200
New-York, Aug. 22 15,383 64,225
Total 133,492 109,518
GROCERIES.—We have not much change to
notice this week “n prices. Business Js gradually
on the increase, and daily additions are making to
the stocks on hand. In the course of two or three
weeks our Merchants will be prepared for a heavy
fall business.
BACON.—The stock is getting very light of all
descriptions, and prices this week have further ad
vanced. Sales have been reported to us of Ribbed
Sides at 9 cents, and of good Clear at 9 j a 10 cents
—tho latter price in small lots. At these rates
there is a good demand.
LARD.—Good still scarce, and is worth 10 cents
in bbls., 11 cents in kegs, and 12 cents in cans.
CANDLES.—Are getting scarce. A lot of about
100 boxos, a new brand, Win. Jay, Providence,
R. 1., called “Solar,’’wero sold at 16 a 17 cents.
They retail from stores at 19 a 20 cents.
CORN.—Stock light and prices a little stiffen
We quote 95 a 97c. by wholesale, and $1 by retail.
WHISKY.—The stock is light, and'holdors are
stiff at 40 cents for a good article.
SUGARS.— Stock light, and prices have advanc
ed, within the last two weeks, fully half cent on all
qualities.
MOLASSES.—Demand limited, with a fair sup
ply on hand. We quote Cuba at 25 a 20, and New
Orleans at 28 a 30 cents.
NAlLS.—Holders are stiffening in their asking
prices, and are asking 5$ a 5| cents per lb.
SALT—We understand sales to arrive have
been made this week at $1,50 cash, deliverable at
the South Carolina depot. From stores it is selling
at $1,65 a $1,70 —most holders are asking the lat
ter price.
STOCKS. But little 4>f any description offer
ing. lhe only sale that has been reported to us
was a lot of 41 shares of Georgia Railroad, at SIOO
per share. We understand there is no more offer
ing at this price.
FLOUR. Holders are stiff, and we continue to
quote City Mills at $8 for superfine, and $lO for
Family, by wholesale, and sß* a sloi by retail.
WHEAT.—Receipts light. A lot of good white
would readily bring $1.50, and of Red $1.25 per
bushel.
COFFEE.—Stock on hand fully equal to tho de
mand. Retailing from stores at 12 a 12ie. for a
good article of Rio.
BAGGING.— There is a better demand for this
article, and prices .are stiffening. Holders are now
asking 15 a 15 J cents by the one or five bolts.
ROPE.—Selling at Hi a 12ic. from stores.
FEATHERS.—Not much demand at the present
time. They are dull of sale at 38 a 40c.—the lat
ter price in small parcels.
EXCHANGE.—We havenochaage to notice in
rates. Our Banks continue to draw on New York,
and other cities at i per cent. prem.
FREIGHTS.—We now quote the rate to Savan
nah at 50 cents per bale. . To Charleston, per Rail
road, the rate is 75c. per bale. River in boating
order.
OX CONSIGNMENT
100 boxes “ Stultz <fc Bernard’s’’ AA and E
Tobaeoo,
augls DAVIS, KOiB St FANNING.
13 Y TELEGRAPH.
New Orleans, Aug. 28
From the Rio Grande.
Rio Grande dates to the 19th inst., state that the
revolution in Tamaulipas was spreading, and that
several towns had adhered to the revolutionists.
In a fight near Matamoros on the 13th, the in
surgents were victorious.
From Texas. *
Galveston dates to the “25th, mention that the
Governor had issued his proclamation for the en
rollment of new troops.
There was considerable Yellow Fever at Gal
veston, and the Journal advises strangers to keep
away.
Yellow Fever at New Orleans.
At New Orleans the Yellow Fever was spread
ing among the emigrants. The deaths in the
Hospital during the week reach one hundred.
The total number of deaths by yellow fever
during the week are IS7.
Cotton is dull. Flour firm at $7.50
Terrible Tornado.
Columbia, Aug. 29.
There was a terrific tornado at Louisville, Ky.>
on Sunday. The Fourth Presbyterian Church
was blown down during service, killing twenty
fivepersons, and wounding many more. A great
many houses were unroofed, and much damage
done.
There were heavy rains on Saturday and
Sunday at Boston, New York and Baltimore.
The drought still continues in the West.
Fire in the woods near Buffalo and Bangor,
threatens great destruction.
New York, Aug. 28.
Cotton. —The market has declined 5 to fc.
during the week, closing dull. Middling Or
leans 95,Uplands 95 cents. Coffee unchanged.
Charleston, Aug. 29.
Cotton. —Sales 233 bales at pi ices ranging
from 7to 10J cents. Market unchanged.
Aiken Railroad. —The citizens of Aiken
have in contemplation, the building of a Rail
road from Aiken to some point on the Greenville
road. Resolutions have been adopted and a con
siderable amount raised. The construction of
this road will greatly benefit Aiken in every re
spect. We have been astonished to find in a
district as large and wealthy as Barnwell such a
want of energy and enterprise. A good many
years ago, application was made to the Legisla
ture to charter a road from Barnwell to Black
ville, a short distance of 10 miles. The charter
was granted, bnt nothing has been done. Since
then frequent attempts have been made to
awaken the people to the importance of building
a plank road on the same route. This road
would pay well, and yet no stocks have ever
been taken. Thus fits stood Barnwell District
in the way of enterprise. The citizens of Ai
ken have awakened to the 1 interest, and it is to
be hoped this “ leaven will soon leaven the
whole moss.” —Barnwell Sentinel, 26th inst.
Value or American Produce, Cattle, &c.
—The Louisville Journal says it w T as stated by
Protessor Mapes at a recent meeting of the Far
mers’ Club at Louisville that “the value of live
stock ot the United States at this time is not less
than $600,000,000, and this will be increased by
any increase of the grass and grain crops. More
than 120.000,000 bushels of w heat are annually
grown, 14,000,000 bushels of rye, 150,000,000
bu hels of oats, 500 000 bushels of barley, 900,-
000 bushels of buckwheat 320.000,000 pounds of
butter are made, 105,000.000 pounds of cheese
and 14,000,000 tons of hay.” These estimates
do not include Indian corn, potatces, beans, fruits,
tobacco and various other products equalling in
value those we have named.
COMBS &. CO.’S EXPRESS.
Consignees per Combs Sc Co.’s Express, Aug. 29.
F. 0. Barber ; W. Bowen ; 0. E. Boulineau ;
M rs. W. Brooks ; M. Hatch ; Isaac Levy ; John
Casbin ; Shields A Smith ; L>. Dempsey ; M. Cul
lman o ; L. S. Morris; J. W. Meredith; Phinizy
A Clayton ; E. B. Pierce.
OBITUARY.
Died, near Warrenton, Ga., at the residence of
his son, George Y. Neal, on Saturday, the 19th
day of August, 1854, in the 67th year of his age,
Judge Thomas Nkai,.
Thus, in the natural order of Providence, has
passed from amongst us one of our aged and much
esteemed citizens. Judge Neal was born in War
ren county, in October, 1787, and in the same house,
on the same day, and in the same mouth, his son
George V. Neal was boro ; whose first son was also
born on the same day and In the same month. It
ran be truly said of him, that he never deceived
any man, or occupied any doubtful position in so
ciety. lie was always determined, open, frank
and candid, and though possessed of a strong nat
ural mind, and ample means, be never sought any
office; yet his frugal and industrious habits, con
nected with his close observing mind, caused the
people of his native county frequently to elect
him to a seat on the Inferior Court bench, which
seat (from his frequent elections against political
majorities) he filled creditably to himself and satis
factorily to his county. ,In all his business trans
actions he was never known to swerve, in the
slightest particular, from the path of moral recti
tude. And in private, many were the deeds of
kindness performed by him , and long will he be
remembered by the poor and worthy destitute
among whom he lived, where his kind heart and
neighborly acts had attached to him many devo
ted friends, as was fully manifested by the large
and respectable eonoourse which aecompaniod his
remains to the grave.
He was always a friend to tho Bible. Religion,
the Church and all Christians; and (his he evi
denced not only in words hut in deedc. Then let
us, as we are commanded, “ to hope all things and
and think no evil, hope that he has passed from
hi labors, pains and sufferings below, to that eter
nal rest above. G.
The Southern Eclectic A Home Gazette, and
the Georgia Telegraph please copy.
DIED.
At his rosidonce in Cobb county, Ga , on tho 2Sth
of July, of Typhus Dysentery, William McDon
ald, formerly of Abbeville District, South Caro
lina. The deceased was above the ordinary stand
ard of intellects. In religious subjects his memo
ry oxcelled, and his judgment was equal to any.
He was purely orthodox, and his practice was aa
becomes the faithful servant of Christ.
At the same place, August 3, William Henry-
McDonald, grandson of the above, of Typhus
Dysentery. This youth was also above the ordina
ry medium of intellects. Thus doth
“ Three score and ten years do sura up
Our days and years, wc seo •
Or if, by reason of more strength,
In some four score they be.”
In Calhoun, Gordon county, of Typhoid Fever,
Mary Albina, daughter of V, B.and Emily Shel
ton, aged nine years. For thirty seven days she
lingered, retaining her mental powers to her last
moments, and when aske 1 concerning death, re
plied, I know I must die, hut I am not afraid to
di®- W 0 can join the poet, and say,
“ She flew fearless through deaths iron gate,
Nor felt its terrors as she passed.” 11. S. D.
In Savannah, on Saturday evening last, Mr.
Ym. S. Johnston, aged 21 years 3 months. The
deceased was a native of that city, and had boen
lor the last five years connected with the News of
fice as pressman. He was an honest, amiable, faith
lul, and industrious young man, and enjoyed the
confidence and esteem of his employers, and the
warm friendship of his associates, who deeply de
plore his untimely death.
In Savannah, on Sunday morning. 27th inst.,
Eliza Jane, third daughter of Edward J. and So
phia H. Harden, aged 5 years and 1 month.
In Savannah, on Monday, 28th inst., Mr. Ste
wart Austin, aged 47 years, a native of Scotlaud,
but for the last 17 years a resident of that city.
Skipiiiiiij jtetrUiflfurf.
ARRIVALS FROM CHARLESTON.
Schr. Jenny Stockton, Loud, Queenstown, 9th inst.,
for Cork and a market.
CLEARED FOR CHARLESTON.
Brig Enterprize, Axwortby, Boston.
UP FOR CHARLESTON.
Barque A vela, Kendrick, Boston
Ketch Brothers, Neilson, Baltimore.
Schr. Virginia, Dean, Philadelphia
CHARLESTON, Aug. 29—Arrived, schr. Jas.
N. Muir, Kirwan, Baltimore; Br. schr. Rover,
Sims, Nassau. N. P.
In the Offing, schr. B. N. Hawkins, from New
York.
GAREICK.— A supply of a fine freth Article
just reeivtd, a*d f° r by
jy27 WM. HAINIB.