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VOLUME XXXVI.]
MILLED GEVILLE, GEORG I A, TUESDAY, FEBRUARY IS, I860.
NUMBER 28.
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COUNTING HOUSE CALENDAR, I860.
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SFBSCH
OP THE
HON. W. D. Y00RHEES,
OF INDIANA,
Delivered in the House of Representatives,
January 9, 1866.
—0:0—
f CONTI NT ED J
Sir, the most melancholy phases of c*r*
rnpted and fallen human nature is its sel
fish tenacity to the low purposes of the
hour. In their headlong pursuit it spurns
the fixed principles and everlasting laws
of the Qiiiverse from its sordid pathway.
It scoffs at wisdom that is “hoary and
white with eld,” and jeers the venerable
experience* of ages if they arise as obsta
cles to its immediate gratification. Con
stitutions, laws aud sacred ordinances are
lighter than cobwebs in the way of its con
suming desires. Even the dread Jehov
ah, who made man and the code of divini
ty which claims bis obedience, is but dim
ly remembered when the prize of the
heart’s dearest pa oion lies close and
tempting to our hands. Our line of vision
is on the level before us. We bow to the
earth and worship the transient spoils
w hile the stars that sail over our heads
and beckon us to celestial duties and be
token eternity, go unheeded in their gran-,
deur. We hear the siren voice of the mo
ment, but fail to catch the loftier harmo
ny of the eternal spheres. Who lias fath
omed the dark and ihjsterions depths of
his own motives ? The rules of right rise
or sink as they can be made subservient t o
our interests, our hopes, our loves, and our
hates. The merchant prince of to-day
adopts a new principle of trade froov yes
terday, because his harvest of pro t will
be richer and his chambers of wealth en
larged. The rulers and legislators of na
tions do the same.
Napoleon w orshiped with the faith of a
Moslem at the Pyramids, when he dream
ed of reviving and reigning on the throne
of the Pharoahs. lie imprisoned the
anointed successor of St. Peter when the
unappeasable rage of bis ambition strove
for the empire of Europe. He died with
the consecrated water on his lips when he
sought the salvation of his soul in the
midst of the storm at Helena. Cromwell
commenced his career in the name of the
Lord, the champion of liberty, and the
enemy of kings, llis present purposes
were gained by these fair and specious
pretej}-'ns, hot he passed from the earth
as the inst of an imperial dynasty, with
every vestige of civil and religions tolera
tion destroy ed, and every evidence offrae
government swept from the British Em
pire. David, the King, the statesman, the
warrior, and the man of letters, yielded to
the temptation of a beautiful but momen
tary vision, darkened bis fame with cow
ardly and crnel nmrder, and corrupted bis
line with the offspring of a twofold crime.
Even the primeval parents of the human
race, who had communed face to face with
the Eternal Presence, and whose daily
guests in the bov.'ers of Eden where the
ongel.s and ministering spirits' from Hea
ven, looked no higher nor further than the
branches of the tree where the forbidden
fruit, hanging in fatal splendor, promised
and every son of labor in the whole land
Sir, how long can the inequalities of our
psesent revenue system be borne ? How
long will the poor and the laborious pay
tribute to the rich and the idle ? We have
two great interests in this country, one
of which has prostrated the other. The
past four years of suffering and war has
been the opportune harvest of the mauu
facturer. The looms and machine shops
of New England and the iron furnaces of
Pennsylvania have been more prolific of
wealth to their owners than the most daz-
zling gold mines of the earth. 1 might
here stop and dwell on statistics and figuies,
but the public mind is already familiar
with their startling import. They are the
result of class legislatiou, of a monopoly of
trade established by law. It may be said
that they indicate prosperity. Most cer
tainly they do; but it is the prosperity of
one who obtains the property of his neigh
bor without any equivalent in return.
The present law of tariff is being rapidly
understood. It is no longer a deception,
but rather a well defined and clearly rec
ognized outrage. The agricultural labor
of the land is driven to the counters of the
most gigantic monopoly ever before sanc
tioned by law. From its exhorbitant de
mands there is no escape.
The European manufacturer is forbid
den our ports of trade for fear he might
sell his goods at cheaper rates and thus
relieve the burdens of the consumer. We
have declared by law that there is but
one market into which our citizens shall go
to make their purchases, and we have left i
it to the owners of the market to fix their !
own prices. The bare statement of such \
taxat’en ? Are there American citizens, the
who boast loudest of their love of country,
who will pay nothing to relieve it from
debt ? Is there an honest man in Ameri
ca who wishes his neighbor to pay his
taxes as well as his own ? Where is the
“accumulated wealth of the country,”
which shirks its just responsibility and
suffers the taxes to “fall unduly on the
poor V’ Where is this criminal delinquent
which grinds the face of poverty and ab
sorbs the widow’s mite, in order that it may
escape its own just dues and increase its
hoarded gains ?
(Hero the hammer fell.)
Mr. Smith : I move that the gentleman
from Indiana (Mr. Voorliees) -have bis
time extended to enable him to conclude
his remarks.
No objection was made.
Mr. Voorhees: I return to the House
my acknowledgements for the favor they
have extended to me.
Sir, more than one-tenth of the taxable
property of the United States demands
and has obtained in the hands of a favor
ed class freedom from assessment. The
enormous capitalist who has invested all
his means in the bonds of the Govern
ment thus relieves the principal of his vast
estate from taxation. He feels no con
cern for the movements of the tax-gath
erer except as he goes forth and returns to
him with the interest on his bonds, which
the hands of honest toil pour into his cof
fers. Is this “equal and exact justice to
all men, and exclusive privileges to none?”
It is claimed, however, by the friends of
this moneyed monopoly that the bonds of
the Government are a sacred obligation
and must not be touched, that they were
a principle foreshadows at once the couse- j
quences which flow from it. One class of j purchased by their present holders out of
citizens, by far the largest and most useful, ! pure patriotism, and that their freedom
is placed at the mercy, for the necessaries j from assessment is but a proper token of
as well as luxuries of life, of the fostered, i the nation’s gratitude. Patriotism was
favored and protected class to whose aid
the whole power of the government is giv
en. Will not such a privilege be abused !
Can avaricious human nature withstand
such a temptation ? Is it any wouder or
mystery that the farmer and the mechanic
are paying more than fourfold the actual
value of every article which supplies their ; ordinary motive of pecuniary profit only
daily wants and necessities ? j provokes contempt. They bought at a
But it is claimed that this system is a heavy discount, owing to the condition of
means of revenue to assist in payment of | the currency. They paid about fifty cents
the public debt. Even if this be true, its j on the dollar, and now hold them at par.
said by the great Dr. Johnson, to be the
last refuge of a scoundrel. It is now made
the refuge of non-tax-payers, who convert
their taxable property into Government
securities, in order to evade their honest
obligations. The idea that they have
made their purchases from other than the
iniquity
I would
would be infiuitely aggravated,
rather be directly robbed than
and receive interest at their fac3.
But it is said, that when these bonds
ferced to assume, in the name of justice I were thrown upon the market there was a
and right, the burdens and obligations of guarantee that they should not be taxed.
Is an act of Congress at the last session a
guarantee that another and a different one
on the same subject will not be passed at
this? Do we live in the days of the
Medes and Persians, wlien it was an offense
punisheable with death to propose to
chongs a law once enacted ? Does any
man of sense predicate his business trans
action on such a theory ? Did the capi
talists who are now to be so tenderly re
lieved from taxation make their invest
ments innocently supposing that an ever
lasting perpetuity attached to the legisla
tion of the most versatile, fluctuating, and
changeable body ? If they did, it is very
wonderful how men of so little intelligence
S. W.
CO.,
HA*)
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Jan. 13th, 1866. 24
of Ltiman nature to bring ns no leasou of
warning in the discharge of our present du
ties ? Shall we grasp the close, proximate
pleasure of power and revenge in defiance
of all the principles of the Republic, in the
violation of its Constitution, and in con
tempt ofall our own deliberate and solemn
committals, with no thought or care for
the future, which will be tilled with mis
ery, disaster and shame ? It may be so.
The present is more powerful here than
the past or the future. The majority in
Congress as utterly ignores its own record
of the last four years as it was blotted
from the meu^y of man; and to attain an
unlawful result would launch the people
of this Government on a future destitute
of constitutional protection.
Mr. Speaker, 1 shall here rest the dis
cussion of the relation which the Southern
States bear to the Federal Government,
and their right to representation in these
halls. It was one of the very few great
questions that arose during the war in
which both the political parties of the
North agreed. The principle that the
Union was unbroken was declared iu the
platforms of all conventions, from the
smallest to the greatest, aud now that its
denial has become the corner stone of a
new aud aggregate faith, I have found but
little difficulty in showing that the doc
trines of' the Constitution and the highest
official actions of every department of the
Government alike invoke us to resist the
bold advance of this baleful and destruc
tive heresy. There are other points, how
ever, on which I wish briefly to dwell in
connection with my support of the princi
ples enunciated in the annual message of
the President.
iSecoua only in importance to the
mighty question of Union aud constitu
tional government is the financial policy
which, through the approaching genera
tions of sweat, toil and pain, shall govern
the tax payers of this deeply-inuebted
nation. Our public debt has assumed
proportions so vast and threatening that
thinking men shudder in its contempla
tion. There would be no profit now in in
quiring whether it might have been less
and yet the Union preserved. It is a fixed
reality, aud fastened upon us beyond the
power at least of present rescue. I have
decided opinions which apply f° the past,
and which I have expressed, and which I
shall never recall. 1 now approach the
future in connection with results over
which 1 had nocontrol but which none the
less imposes duties incident to the position
which I held. These duties I shall dis
charge-with not one partisan or selfish’
motive, in the interest of every tax-payer
others more able to meet them than I am.
Must the Western people, because they
are consumers, 1 'and not manufacturers, be-
compelled by indirection to meet a large
proportion of the debts of their fellcw-citi- }
zens in other sections ? Sir, this question ;
must be met. It is in the minds and j
mouths of all our laboring classes in the I
West; and they will hail with great joy |
the fact that the President has declared i
in their favor and against the policy of I
their bloated and plethoric oppressors. I
quote from his message .*
“Now, in their turn, the property and ,
income of the country should bear their I
just proportion of the burden of taxation, i
while in our impost system, through means ] could have so much money. No, sir; they
of which increased vitality is incidentally | calculated all the risks of profit and loss,
imparted to all the industrial interests of | and every contingency of the future, as
an immediate enjoyment and the fulfill- | the nation, the duties should be so adjns- ' closely as Shylock did on the Rialto, as-
ment of immediate desires. And are these j ted as to fall most heavily on articles of j sured in every event that their ventures
mournful instances in the sad philosophy ! luxury, leaving the necessaries of life as | would come home to them like richly
free from taxation as the absolute wants j freighted argosies after a prosperous voy-
of the Go\eminent, economically adminis- . age at sea: still better pleased, however,
tered, will justify.” ifthey could have judgment forever on the
It is true that had I the power I would j inhuman bond which gives them freedom
go further than this position of the Exec- from assessment and exacts in their favor
utive' Free trade with all the markets of the pound of flesh nearest the heart of the
the world is the true theory ofgovernmeut. | toiling multitude.
No nation should prevent its citizens from j I have listened to appeals in favor of
buying wherever their hard earniugs will j this class, on account of their timely and
buy most and go furtherst. If a Hot-1 self-sacrificing services, until I have al-
teutot can make and sell a bolt of cloth, I most imagined that we dwelt in a new
or of muslin, or calico, cheaper than a j Arcadia, where such a thing as self-inter-
New England Senator, who a few days j est was unknown. They loaned moneys
since asked for increased protection to his j on gcod securities and high rates of usuance
manufactories (Mr. Sprague,) it is the | and therefore the dusty, weary, plow-
right of any laborer in this broad land to man in the field must pay their taxes for
pass by the civilized but rapacious Sena
tor and obtain from the barbarian a better
return for the sweat of his brow. For
revenue I would look to the actual wealth
of the country, and make it contribute ac
cordingly. But this just and philosophic
system of trade and government is not now
within our reach, and 1 am content to ac
cept the recommendation of the President
to adjust the present impost system to the
basis of revenue alone and not of protec
tion. It is a step in the direction of true
and practical reform—a reform in favor of
that mighty branch of industry on which
all nations depend for their wealth and
power. It is a manly and honest blow !
aimed at a monopoly as arrogant, avari- j
cious and deaf to justice as the British ( Sir, there are few parallels in the wide
East India corporation under Hastings or j annals of all the nations of the earth to
Clive. Nor is it any new doctrine. The ; such frightful injustice and inequality; and
people will hail it as a familiar friend of | wherever they are found the people have
their foimer and happier days, and indorse 1 * 1 —* J iU ~ : *——
it as they did then.
In close and immediate connection, how
ever, with this branch of the message,
the President has uttered another sentence
on which the eye of the toiling, sunburnt
tax payer will linger long aud gratefully.
At the close of the weary days, as he
counts up bis feeble gains, looks into the
heavy expenses of his family and his far
ming under high protective tariff piice6,
and shudders at the thought of the ap
proaching tax-gatherer, knowing that for
him and his hardened substance there is
no escape, he will in his heart thank the
man who as President wrote the following
lines:
“No favored class 6bonld demand free
dom from assessment, and the taxes should
be so distributed as not to fall nnduly on
the poor, but rather on the accumulated
wealth of the country.”
Sir, is there a favored class in our
midst that demands freedom from assess
ment ? Are there those who, at such a
time as this, demand that their property
shall be exempted from the burdens of
President’s annual message on thh
great and vital question. Sprung from
the. loins of the people, they will greet
him as their champion. His life has been
a battle in their behalf against privilege
and oppression, and he has shown that in
his proud eminence he has uot lost for
th em his ancient love and care.
Declamation on the dignity of labor in
the abstract is a cheap indulgence. We
listened to it a few evenings since in fhb
hall, from the eloquent lips of one whose
soft hand never did an hour’s toil, and
who preaches a fashionable gospel at fen
thousand a year. But labor finds its true
dignity when its rights and interests are
defended iu high places by one who has
felt all its privations and sufferings, and
knows by experience “the simple anna's
of the poor*” Let the public debt be paid,
but let it be paid honestly and by all. 1
advocate no repudiation, but I advocate
equality in striving to meet the terrible
demands. Its exactions will be sufficient
ly sore even when the whole wealth of the
land is brought to the receipt of custom.
It will be more intolerable than the require
ments which the Egyptian masters laid
upon their Hebrew slaves, if only a por
tion of the people have to meet it all. 1
implore this Congress, then, to accept
these wise recommendations of the Execu
tive. Adjust the present tariff so that the
whole labor of the country shall no longer
be taxed on the necessaries of life for the
benefit of a single section. Repeal the
law by which a favored class obtained
freedom from assessment. Briug the accu
mulated wealth of the country to aid the
poor in paying the national debt. Do
these things, and you will lift cruel and
galling burdens from the shoulders of
honest labor, and convince the country
that you have some regard for an equali
ty of rights and privileges among Ameri
can citizens as well as between the differ
ent races in our midst.
Mr- Speaker, I have thus far reviewed
aud discussed, as I understand them, the
leading features of the domestic policy of
the Executive. The success of some
portions of this policy remains wholly
with the future. Upon the leading meas
ure, however, of a restoration of the States
to Union and harmony, an important
chapter in history has already been writ
ten. Has it been a success or a failure /
I have tried it by the high standards of
right, justice, constitutional law aud pre
cedent. I submit it now to another test,
Christian bands, more in sorrow than in
anger, hangs peacefully in its scabbard on
the wall. Each section has its reminiscen
ces of sublime dovotion, ot grief, and of
glory. These are the brave heart’s dear
est treasure, and until
“Tlie good knights are dust,”
they will be hallowed as the devotee hal
lows the rights of his religion. Bnt peace
under the policy of the Executive is cele
brating “her victories no less renowned
than war.” The shining symbols of the
revolted race are over our heads, State
after State, kindly assisted by the pater
nal hand of the President, comes to take
its place beneath its ancient coat of arms.
They cluster around these vacant seats
that have so long invited them in vain.—
They are. welcomed by the President as
Israel’s greatest king welcomed the war
like son of Ner, whose standard had waiv
ed twice four years in rebellion.
Let OcDgress imitate his example and
mark the opening of the new year as an
era of perfect reunion and a season of
universal joy. “Let oblivion’s curtain
fall “upon the doleful tragedies of the past.
Bury the animosities of a civil war. Take
no counsel from their baleful whisperings.
Hate is the basest principle of human
action. They who have made laws and
ruled nations upon motives of vengeance
are the monsters whom all history cUrses
with an unbroken voice. The long and
deadly proscriptive lists of Sylla and
Maurius, Tiberius, and Clodius, gave the
names cf their victims to the compassion
ami sympathy of the world, while an im
mortality of infamy clings uuceasiugly to
those who took private revenge iu the
name of the public good.
Charity for the errors, the follies ai-d
the crimes of the whole family of imper
fect man is the leading virtue in the breasts
ot lawgivers and rule Those who have
been guided by its sweet, angelic influences
constitute the glory of the firmament in
the annals of mankind. Cyrus, Scipio
and Washington command the love and
veneration of ages more by the forbear
ance, magnanimity and clemency of their
character than by the renown of their
military achievements. The savage chief
may strike his enemy prostrate and power
less at his feet. It is an attribute of di
vinity which lifts him up and makes him
a friend. When Pericles paused upon the
opening threshold of eternity, and m his
dying moments reviewed the events of his
on which it is bitterly assailed by those ( g rea t life, he consoled his parting spirit
who yet claim to be the only freinds of the j aQ d rested the chief glory of his reign up-
Admiuistration. Those who perform their
duties of friendship toward the President
by malignant denunciations of his policy
are now engaged in impressing the public
mind with the belief that he has accom
plished nothing worthy of acceptance by
the people. The gentleman from Pen-
sylvania (Mr. Stevens) pronounced his
plan of restoration impracticable and un-
on the fact that he had never caused a
citizen of Athens to shed a tear. From
this hour may this Government dry up the
tears of its citizens ! May no more hearts
he wrung with the gloom of the prison or
the anguish of death ! M ay the two sec
tions meet again as kindred and friends!
The angel of concord will then stir the
healing waters for them both ; and, renew-
tenable. He not only speaks for himself j their glorious youth together, the fu-
on this point, but also for everybody else, j ^ u , re American Union will be filled
He says that “very few now consider” the J with the love and praise of all its citizens.
administrative position a tenable one. An : ~
arrogant Seuator in the other end of the ! A Strange Wedding.—The St. Louis
Capitol pronounces the whole thing a i Democrat says that, a few days ago,
fraud, a white washing process, by which 1 Charles Moritz, a returned soldier, being
sins and crimes are connived at and hid j anxious to marry and settle down, offered
•from the public gaze. Adventurous mem- j an acquaintance fifty dollars, provided he
hers of this house have crowded themselves | procured him a person of whom he might
into the presence of the Executive, and j make a wife. The bargain was struck,
them and be thankful to God for so sweet
a privilege ! Yes. and even the soldier,
crippled in the shock of battle, with the
old flag over his head, returning home to
find poverty and want at his hearthstone,
must hear these speculators of Wall street
hailed as the saviours of the country; and
likewise without a murmur scuffle hard
with the world, perhaps on crutches, to
pay their debts as well as his own. The
nation’s gratitude takes a strange turn at
this point. It lavishes its gifts, its gar
lands and its favors on the money chan
gers of the temple, and causes the defen
ders of the Government at the cannon’s
mouth to pay tribute to their monstrous
greed.
been at last avenged upon their extortion
ate oppressors. The patricians of Rome,
an aristocracy founded upon wealth, at
different periods ground the plebians, who
labored at home and bore arms in the
field, with debt and unequal taxation; bnt
there was always a point at which the
elements of revolution darkened the sky,
and the privileged classes were compelled
to yield to the untired millions. State
and Chuich in France had for ages load
ed their favorities and parasites with rich
es and honors, and the peasantry with
burdens, until the frenzied insanity of
1700 burst forth, and the whole fabric of
Government and of human society was
involved in one common conflagration and
ruin. Sir, there is but one pathway of
safety and honor for Governments to pur
sue in their domestic policy. They must
administer justice to their citizens in the
spirit and the letter of equality; and there
is no instance in the history of nations
where class legislation and legalized mo
nopolies have not overthrown'.the prosperi
ty of every interest and destroyed public
liberty. I therefore endorse the policy of
with exquisite delicacy assured him that,
with their constituencies, they think his
plan of restoration not likely to give suc
cess to his Administration, and that, after
an uninterrupted trial of several months,
his efforts to recognize the rebel Stales
and restore them to the Union must be
recognized as a failure. Then with pro
testations of true friendship they modestly
ask him to step quietly to one side, not to
lift a finger of interference, not open his
lips in remonstrance, while they smash to
pieces all his well ordered plans, and kick
to the giound with their vandal feet his
almost completed structure of Union ana
peace.
Sir, this class of dissatisfied spirits is to
be found in every age. It is composed of
boding birds of evil omen. It is their
mission to destroy, not to build up. The
borer ifi the trees of the forrest, the worm
in the heart of the flower, the wolf in the
tanner’s sheepfold, the tiger in the trav
elers encampment by night, all pursue
their trade of destruction and mark their
career with rnin. But no useful thing
ever grew from their labors. And like
these beings in the animal world created
to destroy, so there are unhappy members
of the humau family, who never beheld
the fair and beautiful creation of another’s
wisdom without an irresistible longing to
strew the earth with its broken fragments.
To them I make no appeal in behalf of
that policy which has cleared away the
wreck of a gigantic fraternal war, laid
anew the foundations of Government
throughout an extent of country more vast
than the most powerful kingdoms ot Eu
rope, revived confidence and hope in the
breasts of a despairing people, and won
for its author the respect and admiration
of the civilized nations- of both hemis
pheres.
I make my appeal to the disinterested,
impartial, and enlightened masses of the
country, without regard to lines of party
distinction. They have witnessed the
patient labors of the President, and since
this Congress convened they have beheld
their grand fulfillment. Those wandering
stars from the azure field of the flag, those
discontented Pleiades that shot madly
from their spheres, have one by one reil
lumined their rays at the great center of
light and of glory. The whole land wept
when the beautiful sisterhood was broken.
The wail of the heart-broken over the
pallid face of the beloved and untimely
dead is not more full of anguish than were
the hearts of those who love their fellow-
man when many of our most brilliant plan
ets denied the law of gravitation and
struck defiantly out upon orbits of their
pirn. The sword that was drawd by all
and Moritz’s friend and a few others de
termined to work a practical joke on the
bachelor. They had a boy, dressed up in
women’s clothing, introduced to.Moritz,
who was pleased with the look of the bar
gain, and, arrangements being made to
that ecu, a confederate joker married the
pair, and received five dollars from the
happy bridegroom for tying the knot.
Moritz also paid over seventy dollars for
the wedding supper, and gave his bride a
handsome present in money. The sud
den illness of a sister called the bride
away from the wedding feast, and she did
not return. Next day Moritz set out to
hunt her up, when he was told the whole
affair was a farce. He did not regard the
matter in the same light, and the parties
to it are in jail for trial on a charge of
swindling.
In New Haven there are thirty-five
carriage factories, employing (directly
aud indirectly) twenty-one hundred hands,
and turning out fifty-one thousand four
hundred and fifteen carriages, of all clas
ses, per year, of an agiegate value of $.34,-
759. Average value before the war,
8153; now, 8242. The unfilled orders tor
light wagons for the south are now very
large.
.New Family Grocery Store.
Fl 'IIE undersigned keep constantly on Land
X Sugar and Coffee, Flour, Bacon, Mackerel,
and all articles usually kept in a family grocery.
Also Wooden Ware, Hoop Skirts,
Shoes, Ac.
Fine Cognac Brandy, Bonrbon Whiskey
and Blackberry Wine.
They will endeavor to keep meal, corn, peas
and country produce generally, which they will
sell at a small advance on cosr.
walker & Johnson,
1st door North of Stetson’s Store.
Milledgeville, Nov. JW, 1865. 17 3 m
NEW GuODS!
NEW GOODS!!
T HE Undersigned has just received and ODen
ed a new stock of r
Staple and Fancy Dry Goods,
BOOTS tb
Having selected my. stock with the greatest
care, I particularly invite the attention of the
public, and ask one and'all to come and examine,
before purchasing elsewhere.
ET- Store under Newell’s Hall.
H. TINSLEY, Agent
Milledgeville, Deis. I2ffi, 1865. q9tf
