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JOURNAL AM) MKtfttiNtittit. S. T. CHAPMAN & S. KO.>E, Edi'or*. ~~ T K R M S. The Georgia Journal It Melon ‘ > it |>uWihed every lliiirnlay miming in ihe cuy f Mucoii, t T line Dut r, iu advance, and four iJolUmifnm paid nnliUlncvimalimi ofilic )eai. 11l paper will in n. instance b renl v> mlneribvr* out ‘hr SUI . afier the firai ul June nrxl, uulri* firtt;,ui<t for : hut In ucci.niniodute jhoav at udUlalicr.aud make it tin in tun mil, we will acini a copy of the paper to any inn for t.e yean, who will pay rtie Dollar* in su'van* * . ADVKRTIS \MK.NYS inserted at the usual ratr-s— t)o*e not limit ed when handed in, will b- ntscrieit till forbid : but a lilu ral dmrnuut will be allowed l pir*ou? who advertise by the >cur, and who |u> on demand. , All marriage notice’, ami all obituary nonce*, of over ten lines, will be charged at the U’Ual rate*. All announc* menu of candidate* for office, tube paid for at the u-'ual late*, wnen inserted. Liberal arrangement’ made with Count) Officers Pniggi’f’, Auc tioneers, and oilier*, w ho may w ili to make limited coiilructk. JVnton* advertising will pirate observe the following : Sales of I.ml and Negroes by Kxecutor*, Adnuiu’ir.tor* and tluardiaii’, art- required b) law to be advertised iu a public gaAettt , sixty days pK vious tu th d*v>f sale. These safe* nin<i be to be held n the f rst Tuesday m t! c month, between the hours of ten ill the I'orenti li und three in the xtiernoOtl, at the court house in the county in w hieh the property i* situat* and. The sales of Personal Property must lieatt trlised in like manner forty daya. _ . , , Notice to Debtors and Creditor* of an estate must be pit hi mill'll forty daya. . _ , r Notice that application will be made to the Court of Ordinary !>r leave to aell Land and Negroes, must tm published weekly for four Months. - . . C tutinns fr Letßr* of administration must hr published thniytUiys for On iim.ou fr..u \ Lnini’tratio n % /n inthly si.i mouth,—lue l)i -lnisi<n from Guai-tliauiliip,///y flays. Rules for foreclosure of mortgage must be published monthly /'■’ four months—for establishing 10-t papers, for the full sf,ore of turre months—for compelling title’ from Kuutoi’ or Adimimnston. where a bond has been given by the deceased, the full space oj three months. C-J* Letters on business tube {, *•;>•■■ id. JtIACOK ttliO. ~~ Thursday, auril 22, 1847. Mr. Webster.—The last Telegraph, in an article which iloes credit alike to the head and heart of the Editor, proposes that a public meeting of the citizens of Macon, without re spect to parly, be held lor the purpose of making such arrange ments a* are necessary for the proper reception of a gentle man of Mr. Webster’s distinction and pre-eminent abilities.— It is very properly remarked, that ‘ it is a question purely of ftospitalit v and not of politics,” and therefoie that the w hole population should unite in doing honor to one who has added to 0111 national reputation abroad. Iu another part of this pa jer will be found a call for the citizens generally to assemble s<t the Theatre, THIS DAY, at 11 o’clock, A. M. for the purpose of making the preliminary arrangements lor his recep tion and entertainment. We sincerely Dost that those who can conveniently be present will avail themselves of the opportu nity of doing honor to one who, whatever may le his political views, is universally conceded to be a pt:r* pat; iot, a profound jurist and one of the ablest statesmen in the nation. Thk next Governor —As oor political opponents are or ganizing und preparing for the approaching canvass for Gov ernor, it is natural that the Whigs should betray some anxiety upon the subject. “The man,” as has been well remarked hv the Savannah Republican, “who succeeds the present Chid Magistrate, w hatever may be his political views, must he hon est, firm, and endowed with capacity of a peculiar kind, or he will lose reputation in the Executive chair.” All agree that the ufiuirs of state have been more ably and successfully man aged by the incuinhpnt, than by any chief magistrate Georgia ever had. Governor Crawford has proved himself to be a tnan of business, as well aa statesman. ll** has show n the people a noble example, and they appreciate bis moderation, los firm ness and bis impartiality. They see now thut a mere politi cian—a mere partiznn—cannot fill the executive chair ms it ought tasb* filled. The Whigs have the singular honor ol hav ing reaiored order out of confusion—of having redeemed the character and credit of the State, and of having given to the people a safe aid sound currency. Under theserircumstiin e§, it is natural that they should feel n deep interest as to the sue- j cession. If the wise and prudent measures of Gov. Crawford t are in good faith, carried out by his successor, our present prosperity w ill not only be continued,but we may hope, ut nn early day, to be relieved almost entirely from the burthens ol taxation. If, on the contrary, the ancient dynasty should be restored—if the Central Bank should, Lazarus like, come forth from the grave—if the system of borrowing money at 8 per rent, to loun out at 6, should be revived—if the Penitentiary should again be so managed os to incur an annual debt of some $12,000 —if. iu a word, the financial polity which was driving ; the State headlong upon ruin when Governor Crawford as- * surned the control, in 1811, is again udnptcd, we must expect j quite a different result. \\ nstefulnrss und mismanagement of j the public monies, necessarily bring after them nnHlmoßt end less train of evils, such as full of prices, depreciation of currency j and credit, bankruptcy, and taxation of the whole people to j pay the debts created by a few political wire-pullers Georgia ( has had full experience in regard to these things, and therefore will be cautious when called upon to establish a restoration government. We have no fears that the Whigs will full into the same error committed by their opponents, and forget the true interests of the people, in their anxiety to enjoy the honors j and emoluments of office. Fortunately for them, oil the j Whigs named for the office are men of character and capacity equal to the highest station—men who have the full confidence j of their political fiiends, und who would fill the place w ith credit to themselves and the State. The great point, therefore, is to select a man who can combine (he full strength, not only of the Whig party proper, but unite with us aLo the support- ; ersof the financial policy of Governor Crawford To ihiseud, f we hope that delegates may be appointed by the people of the several counties, who w ill go to Milledgevilla unpledged to any particular gentleman whose name is before the people.— When assembled they can iulercliunge views, and ascertain the true feelings of the majority • f those whom they represent,— There is not a doubt that a nomination made under such cir cumstances would meet the unanimous approbation of the Whigs of Georgia,and result in a signal triumph of the noini nee. We have great confidence (but such w ill be the result.— j The gentlemen who have been spoken of, have too much self respect, 100 mu. h patriotism, and are too ardently devoted to the principles of conservatism find of ihe Whig pm tv, to allow their claims to he urged, if such a pour** were to endutiger iu the slightest degree the harmony or jcccxs of the party.— , They will not fail to council their friend to lay aside all per sonal preferences, all sectional jealous n, and unite upon the man who is capable to fill the place, and who at the same lime , can rally the undivided parly in hi* support. Gen. Taylor’s Letters.—We give place to-day to two very interesting letters from Gen. Taylor—the one addressed ; to Mr. Clay,announcing the full of his heroic aon on the field of Buena Vista; the other giving, in a familiar, confidential way , some details concerning that sanguinary battle, to lire General’* bosom friend, Gen. Butler, of Louisiana. Nothing could give a clearer idea, than do these letters, of the peculiar, the re markable character of ihe man. Whether speaking of ihe he roic efforts of his little army, battling, one to fee, against 20,000 Mexicans, —whether alluding to reverse or victory—whether announcing the flight of the enemy, or the fall of the flower of hisoflicers —whether referring to the Pesidency or the sugar crop, the same simplicity of manner and language are appa rent. There is in these letters no ostentation, no vatu-glorious 1 boasting—-no useless censure, and no unmeaning praise.— Though writing from ihe field of victory, all rejoicing* are sup pressed by the reflection, that “men enough had fallen to clothe tha nation in mourning.” Though a soldier,he delights not in blood or suffering, end though “ rough and ready” in the | camp, his writings prove that he is no stranger to the refine ments, the courtesies and endeurmrnts of the domestic circle, lie is emphatically (he man of the age—one who stands out from the masses, alone, uuapproached and unapproachable.— When before, since the daya of Washington, have we had one who could, or would, resist the w ishes of even a partv, in re- J gard to the presidency ? Taylor seem* to have lost sight of power and place, of “diadems and crowns/* iu hie uncontrolla ble anxiety to serve the country and secure an early At honor- | able peace. We are greatly mistaken if this very fact do not concentrate upon him the affections of the whole people, ami *e. cure to him, by a unanimity unparalleled, the very place he’ wishes to abun. The simple fact, that a man like hhn does not desire so important and reeponwilila an office, is the clearest ev- - idence of his capacity to fulfil its duties, and the strongest guar nr.tee that he will bo “ horw*t and faithful to the conatitution.” Unlike such men as Mr. Polk and Mr. Van Iluren, he will have tome character to lottc, and therefore will be careful ol hia perso nal honor and reputation, aa well as of those of the nation. Ihe “ good people of tl* country” are tint only perfectly satisfied with wimt lie has done at the head of the army in Mexico, but they will, with one accord, proclaim him commander-in-chief of both army and navy—they will eel! him to preside over the destinies of the nation, and assign to him a place in their affre tkma second only to the ‘ father of their country.” 0“ The Washington correspondent of the Baltimore Sun save that a letter lies been received in the former city, stating ; That Mr. Calhoun dccitaet being a candidate fur the Presidency against Gen. Taylor, and recommends hia friends tu support •he old hero. We think that all the political aspirants to that : , high atalion may at well •*.” • the people have taken the matter in hand, and a ill teitU the qu- rtlon without the aid 1 or tdvii a of iiie leaden. “du to, 1/1 > biiilti n cil'j “ ( i h'ic inbuilt philosophy and inspiration iu the loregoing re- j maik, and its truth i as important now, as in the onricni days. ; At ihe South, unfortunately, wc have too long labored under the impression that cities will groir vp of their own accord,ns do the trees in the forest. V\ e are disposed tao, to estimate that growth by the number of bales of cotlou which annually I find their wav to our markets, rather than by the industry and enterprize of our permanent population. Wc place too little ; dependence in manufactures and the mechanic arts; wc spend too much of our money in the purchase of mere auiiuul power, und 100 little of it for machinery. The consequence is, that production and increase of wealth and prosperity do not keep pare w ith the capitul employed, and our cities, like ihe tree* iu our pint: horrent, tue stunted in their growth, or go te decoy nn I ruin. Our northern and western neighbors pursue quite a different policy- They literally ** go to, and build a city,”— Indifferent harbors, by them, are converted into cnpacioua ones—(he want of natiguble livers is supplied by Railroads— ihe labor of a thousand hands is performed by a few hundred j ! dollars’ worth of machinery—if water power fails them, steam is substituted. Their daughters are accomplished it. house- ] hold duties, rather than in the arts and devices and shallow 1 pretensions of so called fashionable society—their sons are put into workshops, and made honest, industrious mechanics, in stead of bar room loafers,and “addle-pattd” fops. Those reflections have been suggest'd by reading recently, in the Merchants’ Malta zinc, a well digested paper upon Low ell and her manufactures; and also several newspaper articles in regard to the “rise nud progress” of other manufacturing towns iu ihe northern and western Stales. As facts are ; more important than arguments, wc beg leave to present to our j readers some statement* w hich we have condensed from the above, sources. Iu tht year 1821, a few enterprising capitalists, in New Eng land, resolved to embark in the business of manufacturirg up on n large scale. They said, “do to, let us bui/il a city.” and accordingly sent an agent into New Hampshire, to select n suitable site; hut he returned unsuccessful- New England furnished no coal, nr.d as wood was already scurce in lhai dense ly populated region, water power wa9 necessary. They ac • 1 cordingly turned (heir attention to the spot where Lowell now stands,and purchased the property for about SIOO,OOO. ‘l’here ■ were four hundred acres of land, and the total population was about 200 souls. In 1822 the first company was incorporated and the fir*t mill erected. A quartern! a century has passed,’ I and Lowell now conluiiis about twenty nine thousand inhabi ■ tints —one third of whom are connected with the munufuctur ! ing eKtahli.-hmrntH—the other two-thirds hoviug hern drawn tiiither for purpose* of trade and employment in the mechanic arts. Os those engaged in the mills, 2,915 arc males, and 6,320 females, who earn from $ I 50 to $1 per week, exclusive of hoard. Besides the print works, there ore now 83 factories and 550 houses belonging to ihe corporations. The capital invest jed is $12,000,000. The quantity of cotton annually consum j ed, is about 61,000 hales. The weekly produce of the looms ! 1,459,100 yards of cloth—equal to 75,803,000 per year. The print shops turn out about 11,600,000 vmd.s of printed calic o per year. The annual expenditure for labor, is at least a mitt j ion and a half of dollars, to sny nothing of what is paid I for provisions, fuel, Arc. Alt'. The total annual disbursements arc said to be equal to half a million ofdtdlnra per month! Hut Lowell is not the only town in the North winch has grown up into importance in consequence of manufactures.— Manchester, in New llampahire, in 1838 contained three hous es. Il now \\n ten or twelve iminmse manufacturing estnb* lishmeMts, and a population of between 13 000 and 14,1)00 souls. ; I'itlsburg, Penn., within the memory of ihe writer of these iir.es. wa<* a tow n not much larger than Macon or Columbus. Mow, that city and its environs have over 40,000 inhabitants, and have machinery within their limits, to diive which, are re j quired about 400 steam engines !!! I We might goon and enumerate scores of cities in the North { and West which have literally been built up within a lew years, i under the influence of manufactories and the mechanic arts, ( not one of which (saving and excepting perhaps (he city of j Pittsburg) has had any thing like the natural advantages en i joyed by some half a dozen localities iu Georgia, j New Englaii lis ice bound for half the year—she carries ber ! raw material thousands of miles, manufactures and returns it for sale to the South, with all the costs and charge* and profits ldded. The 61,000 bales of cotton manufactured at Lowell, at ! $3 ) per hale, are worth,at the South, say $ 183,000. When the 1 expenses of transportation.commissions, insurance, labor, &c J Ate. are fi l led, the goods manufactured therefrom cost the J consumer, if returned, as many of them ore, to the South, from J,000,1)00 to 1,000,000 of dollars. Now the expenses of trans ! portation, commissions, and insurance, as well as the profits, j can he saved by establishing manufactories nt home. Labor is i cheaper at the South than in New England, and the cost of iliving ought to be vastly less bore than there. New Eng land cannot raise even her own provisions, but is compelled to relv upon the middle and western .States for bread, for which ! she pays nearly twice as much us it is worth in the inte j rior of Georgia. Even the city of Pittsburg can afford to transport iron in pigs from the vicinity of the Iliwnssee Railroad, down J ihe Tennessee and up the Ohio rivers, a distance of near | 2,000 miles, manufacture it and send it hack to the very region . whence taken, for consumption ! This is done too, in the face | of the fact, that the mountains of Georgia and Tennessee are ; rich in iron and coni, and that their plains and valleys produce ; ; provisions which can scarcely be sold at any price. How is this? In it wise in us to remain mere agriculturists, to toil , ! and struggle, and continue poor and dependent, while our iuot ’ energetic neighbors are multiplying their wealth incalculably at our expense? Is it wise in the planters of Georgia, the present season, for instance, to expend the four millions of dollars, excess, which must come into their hands for cotton, ill the purchase of more negroes to produce more cotton, when the inevitable effect must be to reduce the price next year ? Would it not he better for them to unite tn- I tret her by tens and twenties, and invest their surplus in manu factories? Would it not he infinitely better for them to “goto. I and build a city,” os did the few capitalists at Lowell ? Eve ry manufactory they erect will add some 500 to 1000 to the i number of consumers, and consequently must, in the same ratio, advance the price of provisions and reduce the cost of the manufactured articles which are consumed on their farms nud plantations. How long then, will the agriculturists and the capitalists of the South neglect their true interests, and despise the means which *'God and nature” have put in their hands, I to quadruple not only the wealth but the happiness of our i people 7 We scarcely deem it necessary to add a single word, by wav : of giving these remarks a practical application to the city of Macon. It has already been proved that the absence of water power is 110 serious objection to the establishment of manii'ac- j lories, especially where fuel is abundant. The limited experi ment already made by our neighbors in Millcdgcville, so hap pily alluded to by our able correspondent, iu another column, proves the entire practicability and profituhlness of soch an un dertaking. We will revert to this matter again, and endeavor to show that Maeon has peculiar advantages as a manufacturing town,ami th.it all that is Wanted to build up an important city i here, is the complete union of the capital, eneigy and enterprise ol her citizens. To —When we purchased the Gearfia Jour not, and determined to remove it from the Capital of the State | to Macon, w e supposed, of course, that a considerable number ‘of the former patrons of the concern would withdraw. Thus far we have been most agreeably disappointed, as the new tub | tcribert have more than doubled the discontinuances . and our list >k rapidly swelling, and bids fair to he overwhelmingly large. We desire to send the “Journal Sf Mestcnifcf*’ to no one, who is not willing and able te comply with the terms, and will .foes not eotveefre that he gets th a full worth of kit money should there be any others who think of discontinuing they will greatly oblige us hy doing so at once, an it will save a heavy expense for paper, and enable as without delay to ascer tain what we have to rely upon. Our flihuks are especially due to the Tost Masters, general ly, throughout the £rate. for their poiitrncsi, a* well as their faithfulness in toiuplyiag with the law . In almost every in stance, they have promptly inhumed us when the paper was not taken from the office, and in many cases, have forwarded nn equal number of new paying subscribers . SLBSCIBERS RESIDING OUT OF THE HTATE.. We find upon our Hat, the ntinea of a number of persons I living beyond the limits of the State, who are doubtless very worthy and very responsible,but who reside at anch a distance that we cannot afford to pay the expem.ee of collecting the money which they would in time owe us. The? will excuse trs, therefore, for reminding them that their sub scription* mmt be paid in advance, It ia much more reasonable that a tew hundred man should trust us for three or five dollars each, than that we should tzust them (scat- ‘ i tered ns they are from Mama to Mexico) for a thousand or ; twqlva hundred dollar#—not on# half ot which we could ever hope to reniiae. In order to accommodate those perrons et a I distance who think our paper worth paying for, we will agree j to furnish it fur two years to any one who will remit us five ’ dollars, current funda, in adrauee. Where two persona reeide at the same post effW end remit ua/re and Mars in advance, we ! will send each a psp-c. fr.r oil*.yMr. Thi proposition will re- \ I main open until the Ist day of June, after which we w ill exer- j ! cise our discretion as to the persons to whom the paper shall < | be sent. * J 1 Our New Type.—lt was announced some tiina since, that I the Journal Messenger Would appear in a complete new dress by the first of June. We havo 11*1 w the pleasure to stale, that the materials have been shippped at New York for Savan- that, unless the winds should prove exceedingly ad verse, our promise will he redeemed some weeis in advance of that lime. I* will be a useless expense, therefore, to enlarge the present sheet until the new type are received, when we pro- I pose to condense the legal and mercantile advertisements, and I furnish an umonnt of reading matter that will be entirely sat- , isfactorv to our patron*. Im orta N'T’ — Postmasters, whose salaries amount to less than S2OO u year, have, under the lnw as amended recently by Gongress, the franking privilege restored to them , ns for merly. They cun now remit subscription money to Printers, ’ free of charge, ns well as the names of new subscribers. Our I friends in the several counties, desirous of subscribing to the Journal St Messenger , would do well to take uoticc of the above, as it will nti\e the payment of postage. Sot;ih-wkstf.rn RAIt.ROAD Cowykntioh.—ln order to auit ; the convenience, and at the suggestion of the citizens of South 1 Western Georgia, the meeting of the South-western Railroad Convention, called for the 28th instant, at Americos, Sumter county, has been postponed until 111#* INIII <|;ty of il|:ay, when Sumter Court will be iu session, and many gentlemen of talent will be present. It is desirable that i it should be a meeting of the people as well an of their dele ; gates, therefore ALL who feel an interest in the enterprise, are respectfully invited to be present. (L/* All paper* friendly to the construction of the South Western Railroad, are requested to publish this notice until the Convention meets. Candidacy —A writer in the Central Georgian recommends Absalom 11. Chappell ns the Democratic candidate for Gover nor, M ihe elec'lion to lake plum* in (IstobfY next. The New Loan.—Tim Government loan of $18,060,000 has . all been taken at something like two per cent, over par. The Rational Intelligencer says that offers were made to the amount of fifty-eight millions, none of which were below par. This ’ certainly proves that there is n vast amount of capital in the country seeking investment.. Democratic Economy.—The beauties of Democracy me now becoming apparent. They have generally abused the Whigs as being iu favor of an extravagant Administration, and iliut too, when their expenditures did not much exceed thirteen millions of dollar. The Washington papers contain 1 the items of the appropriations passed bv the last Congress, amounting altogether to the enormous sum of fifty-seven MILLIONS NINE HUNDRED AM) EIGHTY TWO THOUSAND FIVE ‘ HUNDRED AND SEVENTY FIVE DOLLARS AND NIM IY TH lEE .cents! All of this sweet little sum must come out of the , pockets of the people, and m justly chargeable to the election of James K l’oi k. By and by, aa in 1841, we shall be told that it is a I! kig debt, because lorsootb, a Whig Administra tion may have to pay it. }dBT as wf. SupposFD.*-The Washington Correspondent of the Commercial Times, any a : “Bv-the-hv. speaking of Slavery, Gov. Butler, of South Car olina, now of the United Slates Senate, suid, in n public room I the other dnv to a number of Southern men, that he would ’ make his affidavit that the Northern Democrats were much ! more inimical 1o Southern Institutions, and doing the South i much moie harm, than the Northern Whigs, though he had quite a different opinion befoie he came here and saw for him j self.” The ex-Govcrnor will not find reason to change his opinion, i especially when iie reads the views of certain Northern Demo cratic presses, wherein they take distinct ground against Gen. I Taylor for the Presidency, because he is a Slaveholder. ID-We notice that J. Edgar Thompson, Esq. has been j chosen Chief Engineer of the great Central Railroad of Penn sylvania,intended to connect the city of Philadelphia with the j 1 great West. Mr. Thompson has been long and favorably known to the people of this State as the Chief Engineer of the Georgia Railroad —n w ork w hich reflects much credit upon his ! judgment and capacity as a scientific and practical Engineer. He is a native Pennsylvanian,and we have no doubt will con struct a work well worthy of the State. Mr. Webster in SavaNnai?.—The citizens of Savannah have with commendable liberality tendered to the lion. Dan iel Webster, ihe hospitalities of the city, and invited him to a public dinner, to be given on a day designated at his convenience. This mark of respect comes from the citizens without respect to party ; and we are pleased to see on the committee the names of ruth distinguished and influential Democrats as Judge W ayne, Dr. Arnold, and Capt. Jobn W 7. Anderson. It speaks well for them and for the character of the city, ao long and eo justly celebrated for its liberal hospi tality to and stinguished gentlemen of all parties. Commerce op Savannah. — We are imhbted to the Sa vannah Georgian for the following gratifying statement in re g .rd to the Comme ce of that place. Those of cur readers who think that Charleston is destined to enjoy all the advan tages resulting from the great Rail Road improvements of our State, will of cou'se be surprised at the evidence of increas ing prosperity here afforded. Value of Exports of the Port of Savannah to Foreign Ports for January, February and March : 1847. 1846. American vessel#, $830,554 08 $lO9 345 04 Foreign vessels, 2,950.378 84 816.033 79 $3,180,932 92 $924 378 83 The AMtcnicrs Rail-Road Convention —A public meeting was held in Albany, Baker country, on Saturday evening last, and Delegates appointed to attend the South- i Western Rail-Road Convention which is to meet in Ameri cu, Sumter county, on the 18th day of May. A Good One.—The Federal Union is trying hard to claim Gen. Taylor ha a Democrat. The Editor seems to have for gotten the recent basting which the old hero gave Mr. Polk’s verv particular friend Santa Anna, at Buena Vista. General Tuylor a Democrat indeed! The Editor of the Union might as well call Polk a hero or himself a Nu I lifer ot the South ; Carolina stamp ? The tiling is two shallow The truth is the political tricksters are becoming alarmed at the overwhelm ing demonstration* in favor of ine old hero, and are resolved, if possible, to frighten tin* Whigs from his support. But it will b all in vain. Taylor is as good a Whig us Henry Clay ever wus. The Wrtto State Convention —The Savannah tZcptb liean proposes that the Whig Convention for the nomination of i a candidate for Governor, shall be held on the second Wednes day, (the 9th day.) or Jui.Y, in the city of Mrlledgeville. Our friends in the several counties would perhaps do well to hold their primary meetings, and select delegates at na early a day aa possible. We will be meet happy to give place to their proceedings. The Daily Steamers.— Persons going North, are remind ed that the steamers which ply daily between Savannah and Charleston, aro not surpassed in comfort or neatness hy any vessel* in the Southern waters. What is more, they have po lite, accommodating, gentlemanly captain*—men wlro study the comfort and pleasure of the traveller. Pnsscngeia going this route have many advantage*—comfortable berths and an opportunity to sleep some six or eight hours between Bvan- j nah and Charleslonr-and besides, will have ample time to dine and transact business in CharieatoV before Mia tailing of the Wilmington boats. ff 7” On thv first puge will be found two columns of interest ing anJ instructive reading matter. CCF Persona wishing the aervicea of a superior dyer and ren ovator, are respectfully referred to the ndveitisement of Mr. Anton Haserw k, as he is a superior workman, and is ill every respect worthy of patronage. (FT Otrr readers are referred to the advertisement of Mr. Thos. C. Demp-ey, in our paper this week. Mr. D. it appears has on hand* very extensive assortment of both the necessa ries ami luxuries of life, slid w hat is more he knows how to get ! customers, because lie advertises liberally. He las presented u with a variety of specimens of his wares, and we ran wseore our readers, that wheiber to puff, to sip or taste . tlicv are just the thing. Those who doubt the correctness of our judgment on this point are referred to his advertisement, and invited to give him a call on the Avenue, . . -A.... ■> in— Essence or Corrr.e —Thlsia really aomethiug new under , the sun. Gnr tea rpoonfiit of the Essence in a cup of water, with cream ard sugar, makes a most excellent beverage,equal to nny thing tbst can be produced in the old fnhioned way. 1 Next to Mcrte's Telegraph, the Essence (mall lovers of good j coffee,) must be regarded aa one at the greatest improvement* ! of the age. Bit Mr. Freau'an'a Ad%ertiacitif ut. THE AftMY N'KW'fl. Our latest dates from the arm) are to the 6th instant, from which it appears that Alvarado was taken on the 2d, without resistance. Thera seems to have been quite a race between (Jen. Quitman's Brigade and Coin. Ferry, as to which would have the honor of taking the place. Ferry beat Quitman about 30 minutes, hullo! the bird had already been caged. Lieut. Hunter, of the ateainer Scourge, had quietly slipped iu,and to him ihe town had sunendered. Some heavy ordnance and munitions of war were taken with the place. The citizens generally hud tied, and those who remained uie represented ua having been greatly alarmed. “They, however, furnished coin* fortahlc quarters tor the Brigade, which consisted ol the Ala bama, .South Carolina and Georgia Regiments. Two other small interior ports above Alvarado, named Tlacotalpan and ('oHumoloapun, were also taken. Com. Ferry was about to leave with the smaller vessels of the fleet, with the intention of taking Tuspao und all the small ports in the Gulf. The preparations for the march on the Capitol were rapidly progressing. On the sth iust. Col. Harney In cominund ol ihe 2d Dragoons and a detuchmeut from Geo. Twiggs’ divis ion, took possession of Antigua, capturing one officer aud eight Mexican lunceie. The army was to move on the 7th inst. in the direction of Julupa, by divisions, Gen. Twiggs leading the advance,follow ed by Gen. Patterson with volunteers, and Gen, \Vorlh, with the first division of regulars,bringing up the reur. The health of the Rimy so far was good. In this movement the Georgia Regiment expected to parti cipate,as Cupt. Calhoun, in a letter dated at Alvarado, on the 3d, says: “To-morrow we return to Vera Cruz. II no change of purpose is wrought before we teach there, we will be ofl iu a dav or fvo for Julupn, about seventy miles west; a most de lightful und salubrious region. It is said to he, in truth,a land of flower*, fine vegetables and most beautiful fruit. SN e find at ihis place very large and well tasted water-melons; excel lent b.iaanns, pine-apples, and various other fruits, to which we of the North are strangers ” Poor fellows, we tear they will ngainbe disappointed,ns the army probably marched before they reached the city. J heir fate has indeed been n hard one. . | It was not known whether there would he any resistance f ---i sered at Jalaps. One report that Scania Anna was there i with 20,f)00 men, and another that the nuthorites of the place < had resolved not to defend it at uil. There seems to be no im . mediate prospect ol pence. Ihe excitement among the people j is very great, and the bill of Vera Cruz and of the Castle seenos , only to have exasperated the masses. This impression is con firmed, by the great number of officers sent borne lately i i on the recruiting service,and the rumor that the President in . tends to call for ten thousand more troops. The inference from ■ j all this is, that Gen. tSioit will march upon the city ol Mexi- , <-o, w hile Gen. Tavlor simultaneously w ill be ordered to ud vunce towards fcau Luis. fro in Bn rope. Neither the Cambria nor Sarah Sands, had arrived from Liverpool at the latest and ates from the North, though both were fully due. The dates from Liverpool are to the 2lst ult., hv Packet Ship. Tile political news is not worth noting. ; Cotton had declined £d ~ hut holders of Uplands refused to sell to any extent. Sales of the week, 16,450 hales—26oo of which were for export. Uplands quoted ol t jii. In Loudon the grain market was firm at former prices. In dian Corn had slightly and ‘dined, but the demuud was stdl very L'reut, both for Ireland and the Continent. In Liverpool Western Canal Flour was bringing 40 shillings per barrel, and Indian Corn was from I to 2 shillings lower per quarter, but the demand increased with every indication of a decline in price. Wheat and Flour remained fit in. Money ’ was still very scarce, and u considerable pm lion of the Mills 1 were working short time, under the impression however, that ihe cotton crop of this country vvoutd reach at least tu'o mil lion* of bah*. A Mill later arrival, (the Oeeola) is reported at New York, j with Greenock dales to the 25ili ult., but unfo Innately the j i ’upturn brought no papers. He reports flour and provisions ol ull kinds on the decline, and the store-houses well filled. CORRESPONDENCE OF THF JOURNAL AND MESSENGER. MI LLEDGEVII.LE, APRIL ‘2O, 1847. Gentlemen —As the subject of manufacturing at home the great staple product of the South—thereby saving to our people millions expended in factorage, commissions, transportation, &c. See .—building up u home market, and furnishing employ ment for our industrious laborers—is one which engaged a large share of the time of our lust Legislature, und to the vital im portance of w hicli the South seems fully awakened, the fol lowing statistical information in regard to the new steam pow i er factory at Milledgeville, may not be uninteresting to your readers generally. The mill Ins now running arid ready to run 2,112 throstle spindles—ordered, in addition, 1,000 ring spindles, 18 large carders, with 20 flats each; 4 drawing frames, 3 speeders, 3 warpers, 3 dressers, SQ. looms, suited to weave osuaburgs and sheetings ; 6 reels for yarns, put up by a yarn press; 1 turtle hack w 1 1 lower, with 2 pickers and 1 beater each ; 1 wool card er, which will be ready for custom work by the first of May next. The mill is 36 feet wide by 87£ long, with five floors.— It will spin per day. when all the machinery is in operation, 1500 pounds, average numbers; and the 50 looms will weave , each per day, an average of 40 yards osnuburgs and sheetings. The whole machinery is moved by u forty-five horse power steam engine, consuming one and u half cords of wood per day. The capital stock is $60,000, all paid in. The superior card ers and drawing frames of this mill will enable the company to present the public with a very superior article of yarns and osnuburg9. The steady motion of the machinery, w hen impel led by steam power, adds much to the beauty and evenness of the yarns and fabrics. The company have lost none of their confidence in the practicability and economy of steam power over water power. When they have more experience on this disputed point, they will cheerfully and candidly inform the public with accuracy upon it. Their yarns may be had and examined at the store of Mr. Isaac VVinship, Cotton Avenue, Macon, and at many othpr places in the adjacent counties. The company hove met with delays in consequence of obtaining the best machinery, it be ing in great demand w here it is made. They are in daily ex pectation of receiving their looms and dressers; when received, they will be able to furnish from 2,000 to 2.500 yards per day. I w ill only add that operatives are obtained with great facility, at prices satisfactory to them and profitable to the company. ‘Fhe preferences of the Democracy in these diggins for Gen. Taylor, as President, seem to be growing stronger and riper. Indeed, you must not be surprised if the Democratic guberna torial convention, to meet at Milledgeville in June next, ehotj Id formally nominate “Old Rough and Ready” for the Presiden cy! Now wouldn’t that furnish rare sport ? Since Mr. Polk stole poor Mr. Tyler’s annexation thunder,“thunder stealing” has been considered a mere venial sin. The Democratic fu glemen und field marshals are inclined to regard every move of the Whigs as nothing but political “thunder.” In this they have a shrewd rule by which they measure their opponents ; and, as in the ancient Democracy of Greece theft was incul cated as a virtue, on the principle that adroit robbers would make efficient warriors —fio in modern progressive Democracy, it may become a political tenet, that to “forage on the enemy” is the surest test ol patriotism. If, in the present instance, they should be deterred trom indulging a favorite piopensity, they may possibly he influenced bv motives similar to those of Mer cury—n primntive thunder stealer, one of Jupiter’s h’hoys,— w ho, it is said, would have stolen his papa's thunder, if he had not feared it would burn him. The leading editorial of the Federal Union of the 20th inst. presents a singular conglomeration of uneasiness, indie ision and jealousy. It sets forth that“everal YY big papers ofGeor giu” are rather in a hurry to “select one whose hands are im bued with bloodshed” for the Presidency—that (though Gene ral Taylor is a Whig,) if lie ho nominated for President, the Whigs have no right to support him—that It Is “ boldly affirm- rtf’that Old Hough is a Democrat!—and, finally, that “the Whig* mav be compelled to hunt up another candidate. 4 * The wliolecditorial borders on the ludicrous, and may re mind you of a lawsuit which happened (ofcourse) somewhere in the far West about a dinner pot. The plaintiff brought an action for the breaking of hi* “old ’otnuriV’ pot. The defen dants’ attorney plead three different and very strong points iit answer to the charge against bis client.—lst, that the dinner pot was not broken; 2d—that if broken, hia client didn’t break it; and,thirdly and lastly, that the plaintiff never bad a din ner pot! ! Yours, dec. A. Wfett flMrMi Hnour Inland Election. —The triumph of the Whig* at the recent Election in Rhode Island, was complete ; Eli sit aII a hiiis. W lug. and Law and Order Candidate, is elected (jovernnr. Both branches of the Legislature are Whig by decided majorities. In the Custern Congressional District, K. B. Cranston, Whig, has been re-elected. In the Western District there was no choice, the Whigs having divided up on 1 third Candidate, New York Election. —The Whigs have carried the Char ter Kler ‘ion of the city of New York, tor the first time in eight years, by a majority of 1,735 votes—electing their Mayor and two thirds of both branches of the City Council. This is glory enough lor one day. Aoiioara.—Tbo late Municipal Election in Augusta, result ed in the re-election -f the Whig candidate, L.'l). Ford. for Mayor. Messrs. Phiisti,Carvin. Kirkpatrick. Hadley, Hopkins, Dug as, Bishop, Huff. CaiHey, km hen, Harper ana lint, wcie elected Aldermen. Nine VVhigs to four Democrats. Murk Gripe ani> Canister.—ln addition to tlte city of New York,the Whk'aof Brooklyn, Albany Williamsburg, N.Y. New Orleans and Newark, New Jersey, have carried their Mu nicipal Elections by triumphant majorities. The majority in Albany is 2.472, ami in Brooklyn 1000. The “Hough and Heady bo) a” ure rapidly multiplying, and by NovatnUcr 1818, their name will be legion. IJ” The Whigs of Cincinnati, at their Chnrfer Flection re cently, nr. hinted a gre..t victory, electing their Mayor by n majority of from 800 to 1,000, and the City Muishul and Coun cil, by a still increased majority. Fruit* or a Whs Victory —We were informed yes i terdav that the Second Municipality Honda, which on Mon | day tanged at from 80 to 82 cents on the dollar, had ricn Ito 00. Bo much for public confidence in i Whig adminie- ; Uaiion.— [N. 0. Bee. Congratulatory Order.—Below will be found the 1 congratulatory address of Gen. .Scott, to the Army under ; t his command at Vera Cruz. It is altogether a very cred I liable production., and speaks in becoming terms of praise ol j the brave men who distinguished themselves on the occasion, j The cupture of Vera Cruz and the reduction of the Castle,it i 1 was supposed npuld not be effected without a great waste ol j blood and treasure ; yet we find Gen. Scott accomplishing the task with less tliun half the armament intended for the pur pose, and w ith a comparatively trifling lossof life. In Europe the result will be regurded with astonishment, us one of the greatest military triumphs of the age—the more ramarkable became accomplished at so small a sacrifice on the pan ol the j invading force. Gen. Jeslp, we learn, on reaching Tampico, contacted lor some three thousand pack mute* to he delivered i in a few days ut Veru Cruz. It is his purpose to forward a large j number from New Orleans, the Brazos, and other points. The j object ol all this, is to enible (Jen. .Scott to move upon the ; capilol; so that we may safely calculate, either upon an early peace, or that Gen. Scott will take his “ busty plate of soup” j on the Ith of July in the “ Halls of the Montezuma f.” Head Quarters of the Army, Vera Cruz, ) Match 3U, 1847. $ General Order* — JVo. 80. The capture of this well fortified city, the emponumof Mex- 1 ican commerce, with the castle of Sun Juan de. Uluu, the ene- ! my’■ principal fortress, with 5000 prisoners und as many stand I ot arms 400 pieces of ordnunce urn! a large quantity of old- i nance stores, has added to the glory ol American arms uc- j quired elsewhere in this war, and cannot fail to contribute pow erfully to an early peace—so much desired by the United | Slates. These important achievements have established anew base, | and opened a shorter and heller line of operations upon the euc- j i niy’s capilol and centre of resources; The general-in-chief congratulates the armv lie lies the hon i >r personally to command upon this P'ffliunt opening of anew ! campaign, and tenders, on the part ot the United States, inline- ! diute thanks to ull the corps —regular and volunteer, including a detachment of marines, under Cupt Edson—which formed 1 the line of investment and prosecuted the siege to its happy conclusion. The troops have borne the heaviest labors, in I camp and in trenches, without failure or murmur, amidst sand storms of distressing frequency and violence; skirmishes by j day und night, and under the incessant fire of the enemy’* 1 heavy batteries of the city and cislle The steadiness und j cheerfulness of the officers and men, under the circumstances, | are worth y of ull praise. The general-in-chief sincerely regrets that he cannot give I lie mimes ol the hundreds, or rather thousands, to whom par ticular thanks are due on this occasion. He can only enumer ate the few who were isolated by rank or position, as well as by noble services. Os this class he is happy to name Brevet Brig. Gen. Wortli (now brevet major general) and Brig. Gen. i’wtegs, commanding the regular brigades) Maj. Gen. Patter j son (second in comm ir.d) und his three brigadier generals— Pillow, Quitman and Shields, of the volunteer division; Col. Harney, commander of the iegulnr cavalry : Col. Totten,chief of engineer*) Col. Bankhead, chief of artillery and command- ! er oi the batteries, ably assisted in succession, by other field ; officers of artillery; Cupt. linger, acting chief of ordnance, I much at the batteries, and assisted ablv in supplying them by Capis. Cross and Irwin, both of the Quartermaster’s Depart ment; Lieut. Col. Hitchcock, acting inspector general; Maj I mubull, acting chief'of topographical engineers; Maj. Mac- Ree, acting chiel of tlm Quartermaster's Department; Captain | Grayson, acting chief of the commissariat; Surgeon General Lawson and the personal stuff of the gemuul-in-cliief—l ieuls. ILL. Jtscolt, Williams. Scniiiinoi and I .ay—with the oCeasion : ul aid of Capts. Lee und Johnson, of the engineers and topo graphical engineers, and Cupt. Monroe, acting assistant in spector-general. j To the commissioners, Brevet Maj. Gen. Worth, Brie. Gen. Pillow, and Col. Totten, including Capt. Auliek, of the navy, who so ably negotiated and arranged the terms of capitulation with the enemy’s commissioners, great credit is also severally due in that distinct capacity. Thanks higher than those of the general-in-chief hove been also earned by the entire Home Squadron, under the succes sive orders of Commodores Conner und Perry, for prompt, , cheerful and able assistance from the arrival of the nimy off this coast. Besides landing troops ami supplies,and the strict blockade of this port, the small* r vessels, detached by Commo dore Perry, under the immediate command of Capt Tattnall, joined fora time in the attack upon the city, at the imminent risk of being sunk hv the fire of the castle; and the land batte ry No. 5 (called the Naval) which followed Nos 1,2, 3 and 4, ! (served by the army,) at the end of two days was exclusively (afterbeing prepared by the engineer!- and troops of the armv) armed, manned and commanded out of the squadron. This battery ,|in the successive tours of the gallant Capts. AuTck and Mayo, proved itself highly effective. By command of Major Gea. Scott. H. L. SCOTT, Acting Ass’t Adj. Gen. Gen. Taylor’s Correspondence —Commenting upon the correspondence between Gen. Taylor and the War Depart ment, lately promulged through the Washington Union, the New York Commercial Advertiser, certainly one of the coolest, ■ most intelligent and judicious of the public prints, says: “But more clearly than any thing, the correspondence shows, the sagacity,the sound lodgment, the liisrli military intelligence of Gen. Taylor. It is impossible to read without admiration his early despatches, written when he had advanced no farther than IVlatamoras, describing the military features of the coun try beyond, the characteristics of the inhabitants, Ac. and giv ing his opinions as to the proper course to be pursued and the requisites for making the? campaign effective. With the knowl edge we now have, purchased bv theexperience of subsequent eventful months, we are in condition to appreciate the accura cy of hi# views, ihe literal fidelity of his delineations; and withal we are constrained to pause, at frequent intervals, and contemplate with satisfaction the clearness ami force of his language, w hich nlwavs seems to be exactly the most appro • printe ifiat could have been selected. It is some offset to the evils of the war, that it has made known to the American peo -1 pie the existence among them of u ereat man, whose extraor dinary merits had too long been unknown.” From the Lexington (Ky ) Observer. Lieut. Col. Henry Clay. —The publication in this day’s paper of Gen. Z. Tty lor, communicating the fact of Lieut. Col. Henry Clay, Jr., being killed in the bloody hi'.tie of Buena Vista, forms a suitable occasion to piesent a brief notice of ihe deceased. , He was the third son of ihe Hon. H. Clav, of Ashland, and Lucretia, his wife, and was horn the 10th day of April, 1811. At the age of 16. he graduated at Transylvania Uni versity, and shortly afterwaids entered, as a Cadet, in the public academy ut West Point, where he remained the usual period of four years. Such was his diligence in hi* studies that, in a class of about sixty, he obtained the second honor. He declined accepting the commission in the army, which is generally tendered to the graduates of that institution, and applied himself to the study of the Common and Civil Law. His delicate heullh prevented his practice of his profession, for which he was well qualified. He mirried, in 1832, Julia, the daughtet of Thomas Praiher, E q , of Louisville, and in company with her went to Europe in 1835, where they re mained eighteen month*, and where they lost their eldest child. On his return to Kentucky, he twice represented hi* native county of Fayette in the General Assembly. In Feb 1840, he lost his lovely, beautiful and accomplished wife, and > was so much affected by the melancholy event that he never emiiely recovered from itsfleets, and resolved never to mar ry again. He removed to Lowfcville a few years ago, and occupied himself chiefly with the care and superintendence of the education of his three children, to whom he was passion ately attached. When last spring a call was made upon Kentucky for volunteers under the act of Congrevs, authoriz j mg the acceptance of the service* of fifty thousand, he was among the first t > tendei himself to (Ik* Governor of the State. Appointed second in command of the 2d Regiment of Infant ry. upon the rendezvous ot the Regiment t Louisville, he devoted himself, with untiring zeal, to the discipline of the Regiment, and upon its arrival in Mexico, whilst hi* sword arm was broke accidentally, he continued with hia left arm to weai his sword and daily to muster his regiment. Such ! was the success with which it was drilled and disciplined, that Gen. Taylor ie believed to have reposed more confidence i in it than in any other volunteer regiment under hts com mand. and hence was assigned to it the moat perilous and j important duty, timing the battle. I With a highly cultivated and improved mind without a single vicious habit, the bearing ot Uo|. Ulay was always manly and noble. Dignified but affable, his deportment and action were ever regulated by the nicest sense of honor and propriety. Perhaps Ins studies at Weal Point, und the sc i elusion from society, enjoined by ns rule, had led him to form I 100 high * standard of perfection for mankind ; but if he was ; -hocked by any deviations from that s'andard, winch he oh j served in others, ho constantly emJeavoied to conform to it himself. His duty to Ins country, anJ his sense of the obli gations which he owed it for that part of his education which he rece.ved at West Point, impelled him to the field of liable, . m which lie has met an untimely death. The Commander- | m-Cliicf, and all other accounts concur, an to the coolness and gallantry with which lie bore himself in the last momen * of his existence. The grief at Ashland, the terns of his or- ‘ phan children, the heart bit sorrows of a luge circle of devo- 1 ted friends, attest the loss mid Ihe virtues of the depirted son, father, bro tier, friend, and that a great and irreparable be reavement has been sustained. May that God, to whose j realms of bliss there is reason to hope he has gone, temper I this heavy affliction lo the bleeding hearts of his father and mother, who have rn< t with so tinny severe trials, and to his ! I infant children, who have been so early bereft of both a moth | er's tenderness, and a father’s care ! We have been permitted to publish the following letter of Gen. Taylor, addressed to the Hon H. Clay, so creditable to the heart of the General, ss well as to Ihe officers he men ! lions, who fell in the battle of Buena Vis a. Hlau QuAiiTis* Arm? or OccrrATiojr, ? Agu.t Nuevs, Mexico, March 1, 1847. 5 Mv Dear Sir—You will no doubt have perceived, before! this can n nch you, the deeply distressing intelligence of the | death of your son in the battle of Ducr.a Vista. It is will) 1 no wish of intruding upon the sanctuary of parental sorrow, ( and with no hope of administering any consolation to your j i wounded heart, that I have taken the liberty of i you these few lines; but I have fell it a duty which I owe to Ihe memory of the dis ingu'shcd dead, to pay a willing trt- ( bu e K) his many excellent qualities, ami while my feeling* are still fresh, to • xpresa the denotation which his uniinely loss and that l other kindred spirits has occasioned. 1 had but a casual acquaintance with y*ur *on. until he became, for a time, a member of my military family, and I can truly say. that no one ever won more rapdly upon my regard, or establish* and more lasting claim to my iepecl and esiecm. Manly and honorable in every in pulse, with no feeling hut for tin honor of the servic e and ot the country, h e gave every assurance that in the hour ol need 1 could lean with confidence uj'on his support. Nor was 1 disappointed. Under the guidance of himself and the lamented McKee. ga|. lantly did the sou* of Kentucky, in the thickest of the strife, uphold the honor of the State and of the country, A grateful people will do justice to the memory of those who fell on that eventful day. But I may be permitted to express the bereavement which I feel in the loss ol valued friends. To you* son I fell hound by the strongest tiea of private regard, and when I miss his familiar face and those 0 f McKee and Haulm, I can say with truth, that I feel no exult ation in our success. With the expression of tny deepest and most heartfelt sy m . pathies for your irrepaiabls loss, 1 remain, my dear sir, must faithfully mid sincerely, Vour bind, Z. TAYLOR, lion. Hun nr I'ui, Now Orleans, La. GEN. TAYLOR S LET! ER. Headquaktkns at Ac.ua Nt'l VA, ) Army of Occupation, .Mexico, Match 4, 18*17. £ My Dear General - Your very acceptable and interesting ! letter ot the 15th November last, reached me on the 24ili of December, while on the march from Monterey to Tampico ; but the nature of my duties since then (being the moat ol the time in the saddle,) in addition to other matters, has prevented me from replying to it until the present moment. Be assured, mv clear sir, 1 have not since then lost sight ol it or yourself; nmi I (eel highly gratified for the flattening manner in which \ou have noticed the conduct of the ollicers and suhlie.s who marched with me from the Kio Grande to Monterey, nod com pelled that piece to surrender after much hurd lighting, as ihey lolly merited the hum Dome encomiums you have thought prop. ‘ *i to bestow on them. For tins you have my sincere th inks. [The General then alludes to the misrepresentations which had been made in regard to Mnj. Gen. Butler, at Monterey. I lume misrepresentations had been the subject ol conversation between them, and lelt no feeling like distrust or unkindness towards eueh other in their breasts. The letter then goes on:) I was aware of the report as well as statements in a few of the public journals, that it w as intended by certain individuals to bring l*en. Butler forward ns the successor to Mr. Polk, which gave me no concern, and would not even had it been the case, which 1 did not credit and which had been forgotten | : doubt if the subject would have again crossed my mind, hud it not been brought to my notice by you or someone else. I | have never heard him or any of his friends allude to this matter. He (the General,) in consequence of his wound not healing, which guve him so much pain as to render him unfit for duty, left u short time since by advice of his medical attendant lo r New Orleans, w here I hope lie has arrived in safety, and where I truly hope he will very soon recover so us to he able to take the field once more. I may observe that I have been also named ns a candidate for that high office by a few newspaper editors and others, which has been done without inv knowledge, wishes or consent. This 1 have assured ull who have written ine on the subject; assuring them 1 had no aspirations for that or any other civil office ; that my whole energies, mental and physical, were and had been absorbed in such a wav as I thought beat calculated to bring this war to u speedy and honorable close, believing it w tor the interest of both countries the sooner it whs dons the better—hi any rute so far as ours was concerned) and that President making should be lost sight of until this wus accom plished. IH ere follows a brief statement of events from the time of Gen. Scott's arrival at the Brazos till Gen Taylor returned from Victoria to Monterey. The letter then proceed*;} I retraced my step!* to Monterey, where I arrived towards the latter part of the month [January,] and where I expected to remain some time to recruit myself and horses) but a few days after mv arrival I received information from the command in my front at Saltillo (65 miles In the direction of Snn Luis Po tosi from Monterey,) that the command—between 4000 and 5000 strong—under Gem Wool hud become very much alarm ed in consequence of about 100 picked men and horses, belong ing to the Kent uck v and Arkansas regiments of mounted men, who were sent out towards Sail l.uis to gnirf intelligence re specting the enemy and t watch their movements, having been taken, uftet being surrounded in the night and nil made pris oners by a large force of cavalry, about 50 miles in advance of | Saltillo. .So said one of the party Who succeeded in making his escape the next night and getting back to Saltillo, also that (be Mexican army was advancing in great numbers to wards Saltillo. These reports induced me to join my advance immediately. Leaving Monterey on the 31s| January,l reach ed Saltillo on the morning of the 2d February with a small re inforcement, which increased my force to 5000, when 1 lost no time in moving forward and establishing a camp at this place, about 20 miles in advance of Saltillo on the San Luis road, for the purpose of carrying on a system of instruction, as w*|| an to watch the movements of the enemy, and where I expected 1 to fight him should lie attempt to move on Saltillo. Here I ; remained until the 21ss f examining the several passes through the mountain*—at which time I ascertained that Gen. Santa Anna was advancing and near at hand with an overwhelming , force. Not exactly liking my position, having ascertained that he could gain my rear by two roads on my right and one on my left, and not deeming it prudent to divide my forces, and having apprehensions about nit supplies which were in Sal- * rillo, I determined at once to fall hack towards that place about | twelve miles, and occupy a strong position between two spurs ‘of a mountain with a narrow valley between them, where at j one point the road i* so narrow as to permit the passage of on ly one wagon at a time, with deep gullies funning up to the ; mountains, washed by the raihs so as to prevent horse* or car riages from passing them without grt-at difficulty* Said poai (iori had been closely examined by the topographical engineers I under the eye of Gen. Wool before my arrival, who deemed it admirably adapted to resist a large with a small force, os well as adapted to the description of force w hich composed our ar ‘ my. We therefme fell hack and occupied it on the evening of ’ the 21 st. and at once made the necessary preparations for giv ! irig battle. The next day the enemy made bis appearance early in th” j day, and, after reconuoitering our position lor some time, ot *2 ; o’clock, I*. M., I received, by a staff officer with u flag, a com munication from Gen. Santa Anna requiring me to surrender at discretion, stating tint in the event of my doing so we should lc well treated; that he had surrounded me with morf tlnn ! 20,000 men; that resistance was out of the question —and, it I attempted it. my command would be put to root und must hs . destroyed In reply, I stated I could not comply with hi* de mand, and be was at liberty to commence operations whenever he was inclined to do so. Soon after this, the action was ci.ra inenced with his skirmishers on our left, which was promptly met bv ours, and continued Without intei mis.'ion on the side of the mountain until dark. In the morning at sunrise he renewed the Congest within overwhelming force—with artillery, infantry and dragoons— which lasted with very slight intermissions until dark. A por tion of the time the contest was much the severest I have ever witnessed, particularly towards the latter part of the day. when he (Santa Anna) brought up his reserve, and in spite of every effort on our part, after the greatest exertions I have ever wit | nessed on both sides, drove us bv an immense superiority of numbers for some distance He had at feast five to one nt that point against us. Fortunately, nt the most critical moment, ‘ iwo pieces of artillery which I had ordered up to support that part of our line met our exhausted men retreating, when they wer • brought into battery and opened on the enemy, then with- | in fiflv yards in hot pursuit, with canister and grape, which brought him to a halt and soon compelled him to fall hack. ;jj In this tremendous contest we lost three pieces of artillery, 1 nearly all the men nnd horses having been killed or crippled, which put it out of otir power to biing them off; nor did 1 deem * i it advisable to attempt to regain them. The enemy made his principal efforts against our flunks He was handsomely repulsed rn every attempt on our right, but succeeded early in the dot In gaining our left in conte- , qnence of the giving way of one of the volunteer regiments which could not be ruliied with but few exceptions, the great er portion retiring about a mile to a largo rancho,or farm house, wlieie our wagons and a portion of our sfoies were left. 1 lies* were soon after attacked by the enemy’s cavalry, who repulsed with some loss. . For several hours the fate of the day was extrem ly dm bt-. ! ful, ho much so that I was urged by some of the most expert meed officer* ro fall back and toke up anew position. This I knew it would never do to attempt with volunteers, sad at 1 once declined if. The scene now had betaine one of the deep est inteiest. Between the several deep ravines there were portions of level land from one to f ur hundred yards in extent, which became alternately points of attack and defence, alter our left was turned, by both sides. These extended along ana near the base of the mountain for about two miles, and the struggle for them may be very appropriately compared to a game of chess. Night put a stop to the contest, and, strange to say, both armies occupied the same positions they did in the morning before the haltle commenced. Onr nitillery d"| more than wonders. W e lay on our arm* oil night, as we Han the two previous ones, without fires, there lo ing no wood W fie had. and the mercury below the freezing point, ready and expecting to renew the contest the next morning ; hut we found at davlight the enemy had retreated during the night, leaving his killed and many of hi* wounded for us to bury and lak* care of—carrying off every thing else, and taking up a position lat this place. We did not think it advisable to pursue, not knowing whether he would renew the attack, continue hi* re ! treat, nr wished lo draw us from our strong position : but con tented ouraelves w ith watching his movements closely. Fum ing, on the 26th. he Ind renewed his retreat, early in the morn ; ing of the 27th the army was put in motion for this place, where we arrived about 3 o’clock, I*. M.—their rear guard, eort-isltaf of cavalry, leaving as our advance get in sight. Ini one* df , termined on harrassing his rear; hut on examining the awl* ** j the men and horses, l found that five days and nights march* I ing. incessant watching, and sixteen hours’ hard figtiling, hart so exhausted the fust and broken down the Intfrr, it was next :to impossible to accomplish any thing without ie*t. We re mained quiet here until lit* 2d in*t., when I pushed n Com mand on the San l.uis road to n targe plantation * ailed Inj sr* nanon. where w found between two and three hundred wounded in the most w retched condition, bet-ides those the* carried with them and left here nnd on tha field* llera we too* 1 shout ten prisoners, the main part of their uiniy having pro; reeded nn in the direction of riur. Lilia in a very disorganize* | condition. On the 22d the enemy threw it) our rear, through the passe* jof the mountains, 2000 cavalry, and early in the morning • the next day, the 2!W, made demonstrations against BtUdk and throughout the day. They succeeded at on* tine in cut ting off the communication between the city and battle ground, and making several prisoners, but were ilrivenuwny by •”* officer commanding in tha city, with two pieces ot srtdlerv, covered by about M) men. They, however, while la posses sion of the road, prevented a good many from running **lM‘j the city, to which place about 906 of our men bad auccaei.au in getting previously to the cavalry occupying the r(> * , o’ the runaways, reporting that our army wu beaten and In •“ retreat. The lo*s on both sides was very great, as you msv sipp° — enough ho on ours to rover the whole rout try with mg, for among the noblest and purest of the land It*'* *’