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■ <x wp—lH—wn l ** y (AL *& MESSI sGEK. I LPI v>4k . 101 - Editof*. it I VI. DESPATCHES. : t;. s op|contreras &. rnjrubusco. KLPORT OF MAJ. GEN. SCOTT. \T, r;--gret that we have n> I room for the whole of ~ iy >l-* niul voluminous tlr>pnteh.*Hoi ( t-n. Scott, V .! tail-■<] account of the operation., of the ... ...;.. ,iy, stout its Ucpartio. ft.-.) 1 “to in* tumphanl occupation ol the City of M ‘\ieo. ■ . ep ujifthe hiSory of tha war, wo will pro t and regularly in the order ot time, Riving a summary lie leas t important narratives, and presenting entire , rep its which are necessary to a Complete under* * iihn_r of the wonderful achievements oi ourindount tmlr kfldtery. 0 * ‘! ;-t despatch is that dated August 19th. It the ofder of inarch from Puebla and the reasons win. ii induced Gen. Scott to avoid the Penon paas- Th** |*. r.oii, he says, is an isolated mound of great height f it mi -• from the city. It is begirt with three rows . ; lull die; it ion sand is Hooded around tlie has- by water f from ihe Lakes. It commands the grand national r n I and must have been taken at an immense loss of li; ud t a ri-k that would have been imprudently ru.i, tsp. ciaily as it was apparent that a ‘jeuernl battle u:i i ri ■ walls of the city was inevitable. Alter do (. j: the detour around Like Chaleo, the General , g.v I:, fly the operations on the 19th and the prelim i t: . ban. * in which Copt. Thornton and a few others wert killed. The position of the grounds—known as ii Lava ii . is—around Contreras is desci >bed, and the ord .s conlemplating the attack the following morning j repeated Tin. 1 result of the highly impoinm pimis of ] the C iiimnnder-in-Chief may be learned l y a perusal of the I 1, wing exceedingly giaphic account ol the , I*riiunlit ,ii ms ol the 20 h—deeds which have searce a p ■) ■ -.1 in either ancient or modern warfare. No. 32. Headquarter’ ofter Army i r Tatnhnptt. nt to* 41:1m fit 1/ rim > August ft*, '. ) * in-—Mv report N<* 31, curmnciic* .! m the night of V 1 Jl;i instant, closed the operations of the army with thru day. 1 iio morning of the 20th opened w ith one of series t w i -iirp u . i.chievements, ail in view of the capital, i. ;i.., tn i shall give the general name— battle of ? lexica. I.i ! night of the 19th Brigadier Generals Shields, i in’!, t and Cadwnlader, and Col. Riley, with ii 11 Iti.gaOis, and the 15th regiment, under Colonel . ; tached from Brigadier Gen’l Pierc ■. tn* 1 . u 16 . i..v- m and about the important pos . —tire ••.■uniet, ox hacienda, called indite i ntly, Con .,-r.iv A: ‘i i. i. Ban uveronitno, half mile nearer to tue c*ty .ban the enemy’s entrench* . e i.np, <n Ore Q line mail, towards the factory of Magdalena. i iiat e nip had been, unexpectedly, our formidable ~,ii ck the afternoon before, and v\* had now a ii. w lout t>ieaid oi . avalry or aililhry, or to ..i.-ii our advanced corps upon the : • ; ! Com San a-:in to tiie city, and thence force n j r • thro’ Bj ■'> ’Antonio. i . :*y to meet contingencies, Major (General .. iii was . , lured to leave early in the morning of the ***i .-1 in.-* brigades to mask San Ant* m*’, and to i wi. i t ie oilier, six miles, ria Sail Augustin, .... • mi as. A like destination was .v.*n to Maj • Q im.iuand his rema.ning brigade in San Au itii—. , . mg, for the moment, the gnrrnmu of that -■nnt ! , t with Harney’s brigade of cavalry, as r.';r passover the intervening i.uks, &.C., to ivnuh th • ;i la oi battle. r t r General Smith, received thro” h the en r, C” u Lee, who conveyed mj orders to our r ui lining ou the ground oppos i to the enemy's • —the point for the diversion or a real attack, as might allow. i- Jed by Captain Lee, it proved the latter, muter nun < i ol Col. Ransom, of the 9th, having with ’ •u i : ■ lent and some companies of three others 31, Id,n and rifles ‘iu 1 I- th senior officer of the hamlet, having arri n t., t, after Smith had arranged with Cad ler ....I Rilev the plan of attack tor the rno-ning, ite.\ w ived lmerknence , but reserved to himself t d'-u Jr task of holding the hamlet with his two re nts (South Carolina and New York volunteers) m ii times his numbers on the sine of tii- city, 1 g the slopes to his left, and. in case the camp :.•■■ sh ula be earned, to face about and eut off th*fly ; ngen my. u 3 ( . kA. M., the mmement commen i . j rear of the enemy’s camp, Riley leading, . .1 -sively by (’acfwalder’s and Smith's bri dev, the latter temporarily under the orders ol Major L* uit k, oi tlie Ist artillery—the whole force being . nau]pby Smith, the senior in the general attack, I •> arrangementSf skill, and gallantry always •"’i re tie-highest admiration. te nmeliwas rendered t^.lions hy th* and *rk:v s*, i ; but ab u Sim . • ■■ -d ut T* wer. engineer. Ini reached -lie elevation . ny.wluiH- he precipitated his columns ; plantr.l hi- ■>-vi-::il eolnre Ifrouks, of Twigg’"r'-Tri fr''""hiltirTTwlloinr •ut.'lower, had, in th night, twice reconnoi i- i ground-—Cadwafader brought ep tp the general • - uit two of his regiments—the volngeurs and the lLlij and, ?:t the appointed time Col Ransom, with b ‘ teni;K)iaiy hMgade. conducted hy C- ptam Lee. en :, not only made the movement to divert and to •is i the enemy, but, after crossing the deep ravine In ...s front, advanced, anl poured into the works and t po;i the fugitives many volleys from his destructive musketry. In ii. tneau time Smith's own brigade, under the t- ry command of Ala or Dimick. foil.,wed tii** m* meuts ot Riley and Cadw il&der, di-. \ I. op pc •. to and outside of the works, a long hue of Mexi i .i\ < rv, drawn up us a support. D'liiiek having at th head of his brigade the company o sappers and nr under Lieut Smith, engineer, who had com dm j the inn eh. was ordered by Bug her General m form line, faced* to the enemy, in a charge, ar i't a flank, routed tlie cavalry. too. by the w se disposition of fiis bi ijaile nn , Umt activity, contribute I much to the g. i, ral re.“M Ue held masses of cavalry an Imi ntrv. sup poin dhy ;n tillcry, in check below him. and c ipt red Inuidr.-ds, hone General (Mendoza) of those who fled from a hove. I ,ii: t whether a more brilliant or decisive victory— ta*v 0 7 into view ground, niufie.al defences, hatterj.-s, *"• •a ■■ • disparity of numbers—without cnvnl ry mil ry on our side—is > la* found on record Inc'u in , corps directed against th*-enth w-he can is o it 1 -Shi, lds’s brigade at the linmlet. we po> tiv- v ! 1 not number 4,500 rank and file; and w<kne.-. hy :':t, and since more certa.nly by many captured 00, ments and that the enemy had acitnllv .... •! on tie spot 7,000 men, wth at least ? d.O , h“\ ‘ ■ within sight and * ,- ; r _ I ■ i tii i‘* h and 20th All, not killed **r c j t.ired. no “ il i w :h precipitation. Thus was the great victory of Contreras achiev and . one ro i lto the capo I opened ; 700 of the en* my kill mu rs, mduduig among th< mHS ffr rs, i < ml-. h ■ ’**s many emors ami standards; pi. - c rs s ordnanoe—naif oi iarge cali re tl u and* - - . i ; mid accoutrements .an imnii'i.K c.; tv t -ii*.’, - lls powder, and cartr.i M *s; 7o* puck \ h •-.•*, &c.—all in our liutuN tii ! gratifying • find that, ly .dful arrnng • i ■ lity of execution, our loss in killed nti I •\ if. did not exceed, on the siH*r, f*iE nim n t th* f i t • ! rave Captain CbsHe* llannon, *f tluT 7th r t t • re for gullanirv than for ■v, iM*r: and i-- v L< ut .1 | Jolinst)ii. v - vingwitn Magnnlcr’s buttery, n young , it., highest promise, was killed the evening (’ eofth me-t pl'ssing incidents of the victory is th-r*. ( • ,in the works, by C aptuin Drum, ?th mi - , il l r Major Gardner, of tl two f>n. I .. rs, t;<k* n from another c.mmnny of the same th ithout the loss hi mm at 1 gio i ... batth l Buena Vista—about which guns the v ’l"'-’ ri tn nt hadmovmed for so many loir; months g . it little later, 1 had the happiru'."’ to loin ii 1, po.ii.i. nt! i beers of the gmlinnt 4ili on tlie joyous i . and, bed the whole army, sympathises in its j. tj • 1 ti l exultation. i’fi, t ittle being won before the advancing brigades *.f Wotth s a id Quitman's divisions were in s./ht, both v ordered back lu tl**ir ‘at*- position**.—Worth to i U S*n Antonio in front with his whole force, an pj Touched in the rear by Pillow’s and Twigg s <’ nm. moving from Contreras dirough San Ang* iAc < i By carrying Ban Antonio we k w that , .id open another—a shorter and better road to tk • , ~ .1 f-i our siege and other train*. \ r*li ? ”'iy, the two advanced divisions and Shields’ I to cf-d from (.’cntierss, ancler the iiiuucdiiiie . I Major Genetal Pillow, who w now jouied 1 l int Brie. Gen Pienv, of Ins division. p* r . “ v Duow u out of activity late in the evening le ---f lv u M vere hurt received front the full o? his horse. tt r ghritta neceiMry orders on th** field, ill the ti of prisoners and trophies, and sending iustrue* i 1., ii.oiuy brigade ofcavnhy l**ft at Nan Angus, t !. t join me, I personally followed Pillow’s move* •tfe nt. Anivms ntfkryoacan, two nubs, hy a cioss r- id, f*. : ..*• of Kan Antonio, I first detached ('npnim I :r, v.ithCaptain Kearney's n p, l-i dra - ;p itedhy the rifle regiment, under Minor L to n otiluntre that strong pint; and next du. 1 •. wo fade s to make the nturk upon it, in concert / r Lea Worth, on the upfrsfr side one time, by another n\o io .!• lefl.Lu ut h'** - *■■?’the engineers, supported hy Le ut <W. t . i- r nnpnity ut uppers and miners of die same t. i . wu* H. nt to recounoitre tlie strongly f rtifitd ■ or convent of Haa Plabo, ui the hamlet ofChu* t ’ • • n* mile off Twiggs with one of his larip. litli’s, less tlie rifles.i and ( npnim Isybu s fi *• i. pv, Were ordered to follow and atl>*ofc the ut Major Kniith, senior engineer, was Us^itueli* • ‘ t” it with Twi>fr?s th* inode nnd means <•# Mh. himl Twiggs’ oilier brigade (Ril y's) I soon or d* Jup to i|*| -it him * Next ut m sli ten minutes) I -cut Pirn e (just si b t 4> k* p t'e saddle,) with hie bt.gad* Pill- .v's division.) A . hy (, ,J I Lee, engineer, by a third road a % •IL to attack tin mm> g,i f „i ’ ■••• ‘> tiie movera • . iveal ’ he rnrut towards the capital An .! Anal ly : . senior brigadier to Pierce, vviih the New York ami South Carolina volunteer*, (Quitman’s di vision,) was ordered to follow Pierce closely, and to take tlie command of our left wing. All these movements were made with th utmost alacrity hy our gallant troops and commanders. Finding myself at Coyoacan, from which ho many roads conveniently branched, without escort or reserve, I had to advance, for safety, close upon Twiggs’ rear. The buttle now taged from the right to the left of our whole line. ~ . Learning, on the return of Cant Lee, that Khieuls, in the rear of Clmmbusco.was hard pressed, and in danger of Ii outfl nk and, if n u ovi rwhelmed, by g;■ tly p ,, ,i- , >•*■ I imi.i-1 linn-ly sent, under Maj. Sum ner, 2d dragoons, th** nfl*s (Twer?-’ r** -rve and ( apt. Sibley’’ roop, 2d dragooi ,ihen at hand, to support our left, guided by the same engineer. About an hour earlier, \Vorth had, hy skilful and during movements upon the front and right, turned and forced San Autonio— its garrison, no doubt, much ahok- * til hy our decisive victoiy at Contreras. Him MPcond brigade, (Col. Clarke's,) conducted by | ('apt. Mason, engineer, ussisted by Lieut. IlunlcaHtb;, topographical engineer, tunic i the right, nnd by a wide av\i ■ pcinn out upon tic* bg - ! ,,:, d to tl capital At this point.the heavy garrison (3,000 men) in retreat was, • by Clarke, cut in the center,one portion, the rear, driven j upon Dolores, off to the right; and th<* other upon i Chunibusc.), in th** direct fine ol our oje:ations. ‘l’h** first I rigade, (Colonel Garlnnd's.i same division | c< n-. Ming <*l 1 1 10 2*l artillery, under Major Gail, the 3d anill ;v. iin.b r Lieut Cel Belton, and th* 4th infantry, j commanded by Map I’ Le* . will Lieut Col Duncan s fi -lei battery (temporarily) followed in pursuit through; ifie tow n, I.l king one General prisoner, the abandoned I uu is, (five pieces,) much ammunition, and other public ‘ property. ‘j'ht forcing of Kan Antonio v. ; ; the second bniliant event ol the day. V. orth ■ div is ut !■• iug - .on reu lifc and n hoi ;oi nt he was joined hy Alaj. Gen. Pillow, who, marching from Coyoacan uiid di.-covciing that K*ti Antonio liad been canie f, immediately turned to the left, according to my in-'ructions, and th* u di much impeded hy ditches ami -watnps, hastened to th** attack of Cliurubuseo. ‘j kiinnt o, sc;:t!*?*• 1 houses b< .•ring this oaine,; present.-. 1, h -ill's t!ie f**it;f.< t c->nv- , !!t, ti strong ti -hi , work, ii rr da pant) wtin *• ;u ;ir bastions and curtains ; nt to- id o* * fi:i Ig ••\ i witch the ioaii passes from SiuAntcu - to the capital. The . n ie icmainmg forces of Mexico—some 27.(HR) men—cavalry, artillery cud infantty, collected from • eveiy quarter, were now tn. on the flanks or within sup- , pc.; t ni-* distTir.ee of those Wi ‘lid seemed resolvcrl , the f.-etder and fences at the gates of the city—tour miles ;d not, as was w-ii known to both parlies, delay the v ictory an hour. r l’lie capital of an nncient empire now of a great repub it*—or an early pence, the assail ants Wi'te resolved to wnn. Not an American—and we were less than a third of the enemy’s numbers—had a doubt as to the result. Th** foitified church or convent, hotly pressed by Twiggs, had already held out about an hour, when Worth and Pillow—th** latter having with him only Codwalader’s brigade—began to maiaeuvre closely up on trie tele da pout, with th>* convent at half gun hi ot, to their !-fr. (iarland's brigade, (Worth’s division,) to wind: ii 1 been added the lieht botlnlion under Lieut. Col. Smith, continued to advance in front, and under th fire of a long line ot infantry, oil on the left of the bridge : and Clarke, of the same division, directed his b; : c ••’ long the road or close hy its side. r l woof Bil low ind Caiiwnladcr’s regiments, the 11th and 14th, support* *1 and participated in this direct movement; the th other (the voltiguersj was left in 'serve. Most of these c r| s—particuiuily Clark's origade —advancing perpendicularly, were made to *■ ufld much hy the tire ut tin* trtr de pout, and they ’kould have stifle red greatly in>re hy the flank attacks from th** convent but for the pressure ot Twiggs o*. the other side of that work. This well conih'.ued and daring movement at length rcaclu *1 the principal point of attack, and the form lia ble irte de pout was, at once, assaulted and carried by the bayonet Its deep wet ditch was first gallantly cro-m ! hy the Bfh nnd sih infiai try,commanded reupci - tiv. ly. Ny .Major Waite and Lieut. Colonel Scott, fol lowed closely hy the Cth inlantry (same brigade) which i.o.i Vi .... >Y(wtfl4>d in the road—the 11th rem lm nt, umler fueutenant C oloneTGrahain,and the 1 Itfi, commanded by Col. Trousdale, both of Cadwalader’s brigade, Pillow;s division. About the same tune, the enemy, in front of Garland, after a hot conflict of an hour and a In*lf, gave way, m a retreat towards the cap ital. The immediate results of this third signal triunmh of the day were: 3 field pieces, 192 prisoners, much am iiiunii.’ n uud two colors, taken in the tete de pout. Liut. J. F Irons, Ist urtillery, aid-de-camp to Briga dier < h-nernl Cadwalder, a young officer of great merd and conspicuous in battle on several previous occasions, received, iu front of the work a moitul wound. (Since dead.) As the concurrent attack upon the convent favored, physically and morally, the assault upon the tete de jmut, so reciprocally, no doubt the fall of the latter con tributed to the rapture of the former. The two works were only some 150 yards apart ; and as soon as we were in p. - . >i.*n of'the tete de jiont, a captured 4-pounder was turn tl and fired—first hy • apt Larkin Smith, and next by Lieut. Snelling, both of the eight infantry—sev eral tun •* upon th” convent. In the same brief inter val. Lieut. Colonel Duncan, (also of Worth’s division.) gallantly btou httwo of his guns to bear, at u short rage from tn* Snn Autonio road, upon the principal face of the work nnd <:: the tower of the church, wn ch, iu ob stirtat c e-a. had he* *i often refilled with some of the L i lar, lioot. no s the enemy. Final’ twenty minutes aiterthe tett de pont had b. .ii car. i*l by Worth and Pillow,and at the end of a desperan conflict of two hours and a half, the church or nti; in* at when tlie tturd infantry, under (’apt. Afcxaiuler, had cleared the way by fire and bayonet, and had en temd the work. C'apt. J. M. Smith, and Lieut. O. \, Shepe*d, bothofthat regiment, with their com *ani,s had the glory of'leading th** assault. ‘Hie former re c .ved the surrender, and (-apt. Alexander instantly Iri ig out from the balcony the colors of the gallant 3rd. i M *.**r Dimick, with a part of the first arti lery.servum , as infantry, entered nearly übreusi with tlie leading | v.aptain Taylor’a field latterv, attached to Twiggs’ | divis,..ii opened itseflective fire, at an early moment, upon the out-wi rks ol convent and towers of itschurch- CM Kxpos<*d to ihe sever* -t fire of th** enemy, ‘heeap tam, I ;s officers nnd men won universal admiration ; hut at length much disabled, m u n and horses, the I* ttety was, by Huperi*w orl. rs w thlr iwn from the ac tum thirty minute- before the surrender ol the convent Ts-. corps xccptinp Tnylor’s battery belonging to th I* : •■•dr of Brigadier l .< * i ral Smith, who closely *li re< t* *1 tlie who’-* attack in front w.th habitual coolness an I ability ; wiu> Ri.ey’s brigud*—tlie 2nd and 7th in- : f' ! : ; ■!. r ( pt M* risaid L* t. Col. Plympton.i r. uvH> —. :g< arc • y engaged th** .gh? of the work w ! l"H*'t . sr*ar At the moment the rifles belong ing to Smith’s were detached in sunpoit of Brig. Gen. | Shield's or. our extreme left ; and the 4l artillery, act ing ps In.T>m*y,uudei Major Gardner, belonging to Ri- j ley's brig i .ha I been left i charge of the camp, tro- I phi***, vCr .nt Contrern- Twiggs’s division, nt Chur uhusc>,had thus been <l* prived oftfjte services of two of its most grlhnit nn*l eflective reghnents. The immediate results ot .r victory were:—th<* capture <>t 7 field niec*s some ammunition, one color, thr*e g nerals, and 1,2fil | isoncts, including other of fice ra Cnpt:iinK \ Capron nnd M. .1 Burke,mid Li ut S It oi. ll o‘ the Ist artilU rv,and ('nptnin .1 \V And reon and Lieut. Thomas l ladey, both th** 2dm foii j —five office is of gtcat merit—fell gallantly tn-tore this work. The rapture of the .enemy's citadel wns the fourth git at ncim vetnent of our arms in the same day. It hae been st *t* and tin ;, soiim* two bouts nnd n half h ritre, Pierce’s followed closely by the volunteer brig a!. both uti'ler the comtiinnd t Brig. G*n Shields— -1 tul !***. ti vi* taeu *u tooiif left to turn lb** enemy's works ; to prev ttt i 1 i* * e.-*cti|K of th*- garrisons,and to oppose the e\’ *tiiiou ofthe enemy’s numerous corps, from the rear, upon and around our left. Consul ring the inferior number* of the two brigades J th**o’ , t.-ofthemoveinemWi*redifficulttoae* ..mpltsh 11. iu the leiniore* in* uu, (tfie rifles, Ac ,) sent toward I a little lat* i In a win ‘mg march ol a mile around to th** right this temporary division found i'self on the edge of an open ; wet mead* w, re ar the nmd from Ban Autonio to th * capital,and iu the presence of 1.000 of the enemy's in- j funny, m little in rear of (’huruhuMco, on that road.—Fs tanh-aini! tlie right ut a stnng building, Shields extend ed In** I* ft. parallel to the road, to outflank die enemy to wards the e.tpnal But the iiemy extending his right,, s'lppoited by 3.(XX)eavalty, more rapidly Owing favored by better ground) in the same direction. Blue id* conceit- j tinted tin* diwsionabout a hamlet,and determined tout- 1 tack to front. The butt!* was long,hot, and varied; but, ultimately,succetlMc.owned tlie zeal ami gallantly ol our troops, ably Juecied by lh it Letinguisli*-d oominauder,; Bug Gen Shields The 9th. 12thand 15th regiments,, under Col Bauson, (’apt W ood,and( 01. Morgan,res ueciivi'ly *ii'ie ice's brigade, (Pillow s division,) and the New Yoik and South ( arolma volume* rs, under Colo- He I Bum tt and Butler, rosjiectively, **f SheJls‘ ownbri glide,(Quitman'sdivision.'together with th* in**untaiti howitiet battery. n**w umler Lieut. Reno, of the ord natice corps, all shared in th • glory of tins action—our fifth victory tu the same day Brigadier General Pierce, from tin- hurt ol the evening lngb iorc—umler pain and exhaustion- fainted in th action. Several other changes in command occurred on i the hid Thus.(‘luiel Mmgatibeing severely woun ded, th* ooiutiiuud of the 15th mlmitry devolved on Li* u teiiunt (\l Howard; Colonel Burnett receivings like wound, the command ofthe New York voluute.>ra tell to Lieut Colonel Baxter , and, on thr fall ofthe humm ed Col on** I P M Bullet —earlier badly Wounded, but continue) •• to lend nobly m the hottest part ol tlie battle j —the command ol the S<*utli Carolina volunteersdevoiv- i ed first, in Lieut. ( <*l D.ckmson..who laitig severely Wound* *! as la-fore til tlie siege i| V* ia ('tu/.) the l *g| merit ultimately fell under th* *>rder**..f Major Gladden i Lieut* Dayui Adams and W. R. Williams ol the mine corps < apt Augtisiu- Quarles ami Ln ul. J B Goodman of the 15th, and Lieut L Cltundler, N w York volunteer*—all gallant offror n*, nobly tell in toe j asm i*iio Mnr .ist **A uriMot**rs, mcluditig oflic-rs.and it CUUnoth* ’ uhted that ihr rage oi tin conflict Is tw en j fkfrrt niuf the enemy, lust in the rear of the lets de /mat | and the convent. ha*l some influence on the surrender of those formidable defence* Ass* h>ii as the tete deptmt was carried, the greater |srt of Worth's and Pillow’s forces passed that bridge, in rapid pursuit of tlie flying enemy These distinguish ; ed g**nci at*, coming up with Brigadier 4 Btnebis. How also VH torious.itia three rvutimi’ and to press u;**n in ■ lb * ( **n**l llam v, With n small part 'l his dngad* of cavalry, rapidly pass I to tin* trout and charged tie enemy up to the nearest gate Tie- cavalry clung** was Is aded hy Captain K amey. of the Ist dragoons,^ having in stjuamou, w ith In* own , troop, that ofi'-apt. Mcßeypoldi of the Tl msking th • ■ the day *!etatchcd for general s* rvice, w - • \ --w under (iok it irney’asrdera Tn** ga ant • th<* recall, that had been s mnde I, and ,’ 1 ‘ •’“ 1 Aatonio gnte, snbraing, inhia way,all ■ o raais t)| the seven ol lot aquodro | lefturin; Mcßevnolds nnd 1 ~lll**ll. l Loriraer Gni ham wer<-tM’th sever* iy wounded, mikl L ut mntK B Ewell, who succe ded to the command of the eac irt.had two hors**” killed under him Major F. D Miiis, ol th** 15th infantry, n volunteer in this chat *, was killed, at the gate. Boterminated the wriea of events which 1 have but feeb ■. i- 1 nti I My wet frtiel) , u and out on tne diflerent fields—to the abilities nnd science of a ess of all—the rank and file included. But a reward in , ■ countiyr and government—will, I cannot doubt, be accorded, in !ue time, to bo much merit, of every sort, displayed by Una glorious army, which has now overcome all difficulties —distance,climate, ground, fortifications,numbers. Ii lias m 11 Hiigle *l ay, in ninny battles, n >U**n and fent ed 32,000 men ; mud.’ about 3.00 U pris'-neis, including * ighi g'*nernls(twoofthem ex prendeiii*) an I 205 other officers; killed and wounded 4.000 oi ail es entire corps dispersed and di- * \ *1; capture*! 37 pie * i*H f ordnance— more than tiebtmg our seig** train and fi Id batteries—with a large number of small amis, a j full supply of ammunition of every kind,&c , &.c . I These* great results have overwhelm*. *1 the enemy. Our loss amounts to 1,1-53 ;— hided I3J. 1 icludmg If* officim*: wounded, 87fi, wifli 6vi ofli**ers. T ii- greater j number of the dea*l and diHabletl wer** of tie* highest woith. Those nder treatment, thanks to our very a-, hie medical officers, are generally doing wed. 1 regret having been onhged, on tin* 20th, to leave Maj. < in. Qui'innn, an able coinni nider, with a part of. hiH division—;he fine 2d Pennsylvania v< lunteera and the veteran detachment ot United States inurin- at our important depot, Ban Augustin It was there that 1 had placed ou. sick and wounded ; tli<* sc!: -*, supply ; and b.aggogi trains. If these li.ad been lost, the army | would have been driven almost to despair ; find consider ing the enemy’s very great excess oi’ nuinbt rs, and tls* many approaches to the depot, it might well have be come emphatically, thr post uj honor. Aftei so many victories, we might, with but little ad ditional loss, have occupied the capital the same even- * nig But Mr. Tiist,commissioner, &.*;., as well t;s my i self, had been admonished by ill** bo9t friends ol p* ace— | intelligent neutrals and some American residents—a gamsfprccipitntion, least, by wantonly driving away the , goveiniueiit and others—dishonored—w might scatter | the elements of peace, excite a spiiitof national desper- I ution.and ilius indefinitely pus: pun*.* the hope of accom modation. D ply impresseil w ith tins da u i , and re in mbe.mg our imssion —lo eonqui-i a peace'—the tuuiy very clieeitully sacrificed 10 patriotism— to the great wish and want ol our country its* eclat tlu.i would have followed an entrance —>woid in hand—into a greatenp ital. Willing to have something to this republic—of no immediate value to us—on which to rest hei pride, and to recover tempei —1 halted our victorious corps at the gates of the city (.it least tor u t,me,) and have them now cantoned in th* neighboring villages, where they are well sheltered and suppl*. fl with all n<e**ssan<s. On the niorniiig of the 2 ist, being about to take up buttering or u -..ulung positions, to authorize me to summon the c ty to surrender, or to sign an armistice with a pledge to vmer at once into neguti.itions lor a peac* —a mission rame out to propos* a true**. Reject ing its terms, \ dispulctied my contemplated note to President Bama Anna —omitting the summons. The 22*1, conui’ issioriers were appointed by the commanders ol the two rimes ; the a 1 mist ice was signed tlie 23d, and n*.mirations exehang* *1 the 21th. All matters 111 dispute between tlie two governments have been thus happily turned over to their plenipoten tiaries, who have now had several conferences, and with, 1 think, som • hope ot signing a treaty of peuee There will be transmitted to the Adjutant General re ports from divisions, hugades, *Skc., on the ioi going o|e rations, to which 1 refer, with i.iy hearty concurrence in the jus applause bestowed un corps and individuals by then respective commanders. 1 have been able— tins report being nee* scarify a summaiy—to bring out, comparatively , nut little ot individual tn *rit not lying dir ectly in the way of flu narrative. Thus I doubt whe ther 1 have, in express terms, given my approbation and upplause to the commanders ol divisions and independ ent brigades, but leit their imm upon highergiouuiD— the simple record of their great deeds and the hi dfc.int results. To the staff, both general and personal, attached to general headquarters, I was again under high obligations tor services on the field, as well as the bureaux. 1 add their names, Alc. ; Lieut. Colonel Hitckcook, acting in spector general ; Major J. L. Smith,Captain R L. Lee (asdistinguished; tor leiicilious execution as tor science and daring) Captain Mason, Lieutenants Stevens,Beau regard and Tower—allot tlieengiii eis : Major Turnbull Captain McClellan and Lieut, iiardeastle, tooogruphi cal engineers; Captain Huger and Lieut, iiaguer, of the ordnance ; Captains irwinand Wavne,ofthe <juar termnsier’B department; Captain Grayson, ol ihe com missar ial; Su geon General Lawson, in his particular department: Captain 11. L. Scott, acting assistant adju tant general; Lieut. Williams,aid-dc-cump,and Lieut, Lay, military secretary. Lieut. Schuyler Hamilton, another aid-de-camp, had, a week before, been thrown out of activity by a severe wound received in a successful charge of cavalry against cavalry, and lour times his numbers ; but on the 2*th, 1 hud the valuable services, as volunteers aids, of Alu jois Kirby and Van B reu. of the pay department, al ways eager for activity and distinction ; ami ot a third, the gallant Major J. r. Gaines, ofthe Kentucky volun leers. i have the honor to be, sir, with high respect. Your mo-i ob*-1 “iu servant. WINi iFLD SCOTT. lion. Wlll. L. Marcy, Secretary ol War. lates to Italy and Switzerland. The Government lias seized Le Nationnel, newspa per at Paris, though on what ground is not apparent. The editor ot the Journal indignantly denies any l.iten -1 tion of giving offence, and says that in good faith he | cannot discover any paragraph in his journal which could be construed into an offence, i Lu Presse. intimates that the Bank ot France will so licit permission from the government to increase its spe cial capital, which now Ts sixty-eight millions. In 1806 it was ninety million, and the Bank urges that with the increased amount of business, its capital is inade quate. Italy. —Pope Pius IX hns promulgated a decree es tablishing a Council of State, agreeable to the design ex pressed by the Pope in his fatuous circular of April 10th. In th** introduction to the decree, which consists of fifty six articles, he declares that <*uch a Council to have b *en , in former times the glory of the states of the Holy Bee. 1 He declares his conviction that when th-* pontifical Government is enriched hy such an institution, and has I “Id of those honored with suffrages of the provinces, 1 the public administration will be mot* vigorously exe- ! ruled and g ve to the government the practical charac- i ter which his Holiness desires it should have. Ite farther trusts to the moderation of the people to appreciate this |x*lit.cal benefit, and asks that they will express their gratitude by the preservation oi order. Four suspension bridg* s were about to Ik* erected in Rome by a French company, and other works of pub lic utility were likely to be carried foiward by foreign c 1 pita lists. Hitherto the law, or ut least unbroken cus tom, did not admit of such privileges being granted to foreigners. In Tuscany the punishment of death had been abol ished. by proclamation of the Grand Duke The ex cited populace thereupon broke open the prison w here I the guillotine was kept, and having carried that instru -1 mem to the public square, set tire to it, while the bells of I die town rang a merry peul. The accounts respecting the negotiations with Aus tria do not np|M*nr so favorably ns by former Advices. ; It is sunl that by addressing himself diiectly to the Emperor of Austria the I’< j- lias retard*-1 than advanc -1 ed negotiations. It is even intimat'd that, without the interven* ion of some third power, 110 amicable unangeinetit is likely to Im? mad*- respecting the occupation ot Ferrara. At stria The Sardinian Munster at the Court of Austria had left for London, charged, it was Ik lie ved* with an important nii.ano:i relative to the state ol affairs in the territories of the King of th * two Sicilies. The Count de Mcden, the Austrian ambassador to j the Potrificul Court, who hail been nt Vienna for th** understood purpose of loi w arding negotiations between i the Pope and the Emperor, had returned to his putt. A change of Ministry was anticipated at Vi. mm. The Arch.lnch* m* .Maria Louisa, had fix■ ,| her depar-! lure for Parma for the 21th, and arrangeiu* uts hudb**en made for the rapid conveyance ol Austrian troops to tlie ducy, in the event of tiny disturbance. Sw itzerland.—’ The Sw is* Diet met at Bern •on the ! lfrth of October, to discutt tlx* means of carry *ug ini*) execution the vote ol the D.et on tlie'JOtliol July. The deputy t>r Zurich opetietl th debate by proposing uieuus of pactfioation , 0 proclamation addressed t*> th • people 1 of the sewn cantons, tlr • ending of two federal com -1 nnssioners into each of tha seven cantons, nnd that th** oonrmittec should as soon us possible make propositions 1 to this effect. Bwxm.N Apprehensions of th*‘ cholera were cuter* | turned ami it was said, on tire authority of u letter from ! Htockhnlni that twosch ’..mem and b*nr barqni-s, with | medical run on hoard, ha I !*een fr*ut *at to superintend \ ‘l'ttrannn* on tie* Irom.er on account ol itn apprar ance. I Brtiv I’li.* King and Queen eotitinu. .1 fogetlici in oppnie.it harmony and w* re in public frequently. uii*-u N 4')tittUun-1. , 0 cm.-ordat between Run j “is and flu- Holy Se. |, u ,j j,broken ofl The P* p* demanded that converts from th * Greek to th- Hitxsum Greek (*hun , i slioul 1 he allowed to return to iti ir for mer leligiotis worship. 1 his wu** refused,on the gr nurd that th‘ir conversion was vomntary. To which it was replied tint it vol m* i*iy th* re w ;•** nothing to apprehend on the p*; tof Rn s.a from the cottccMiou . it otlictwi<ie, no c n ordat could b* entered into without this con** iia a. v \\ ED ! ‘ 1 • • FOR i*S{: l!>‘ \T, GEN. ZACHARY TAYLOR. To Ni .v Sub*i'ihc:i. Tlie targe liei of if Nn|.-.-tita i* wl ••-Tinine.-were added to our list last wc ! w *'° B-’ 11 i wil y desired the back numbers oi- Journal nnd M**senz~r, will hav* to excuse us h r i.ot performing imp. abilities.— The increase topurl*st from other quarters, had been such as toexhau. • v flit ion, though v. • had added hm we supposed, suftiowntiy to (jie issu ■ V\ e Uiist that we have added pn|mvi*enough tne present week, to grat ify an who may wish :*> get tie-* latest news. A Fair T-opo*Li< 11. All persons in arrears for su'oScriptioii to the Journal and Messenger, tii * present yfar, can procure n receipt j iu full, provided, th* > foiwnrd uon or i- fore tin* Ist day of January fjr',3o, and 1 j num “Ia new subscri ber, who shall also p'*y in advance. NVc make th*. T prop osition in consequence of t/ic tmpiralied lull in cotton and hepe that at least two thou-n.id 01 our patrons, may find it to their interest to respond. The Mails! The Mails I t The IY.-tmast©i Gcncpl seems to be strenuously en deavoring to derange eviy mail route which connects with A!.icon. Not Ion.: sine'*, lu* changed the schedule on tlie Eaton ton route -*o as to throw all the papers from this city, nnd ;<’ini* w* st *: it, a ‘-.y bchiml. Now we fird that tin- mute from Traveller’s Rest* Martin’s Stoic, Ac &x* to Columbus, bus been so changed as tof c ken diti rcru* •ot three days against Mac- i and :• 1 in,.*;s fit 111 M.ll .lu, ville, Savannah and points to tk* < ast\vard. Ou.* jup rs formerly reach ed subsetiliers on thet fine *n Friday. Now they are, for no arthly ecu •*• th • \v • an* aware of, delayed un . til the following. M* ndny! But this is n*)t tlie only cause of eoiiipluint w hich wc h<; \- * against the D< partin' 1 t. The m j il, from this city to Knoxville, through ( : *• ion! mid Talbot counties to I>* hvue, and the civ-s r u: - c mccted therewith, is so arranged as to throw hundreds of papers from this city, M.hedge ville an*! Sav.nnah, n* at iy u week behind then- proper time ! ‘b * D pa t; .* nt has been applied to by every imprest, aid we believe nlriu'st every post ; maskr along the lint, to grant a change of schedule.— • No *ntereot, so far as v. - • **ati !*■*••’ro. oppose Ito such a change, and yet it m .end. to the injury of the pub lishes and the ann.ya. ee of a dense rending popula tion. We make not tbee < n.plaints in a spirit of fault finding, but from a * ivi< t ioi. foicctl upon us, that the pubbeas well as our private itit* n-is ar -uttering from the neglect of those in p. \\. r. While Mr. Hi bbi was in the Department, empi ints of this kind were always i promptly attended to. \A * ! ... w not who supplies his place in his absent* . but the who! country will soon earnestly pray for hi - speedy return. Mr. Clays n* * th ••••! Hesoo)lions* Weretairn frompul lishm;.: * ;!.e r the n-iut ions Coffer ed by Mr. Clay or theuteagie .-ynop-!s * f his great speech recently delivered at Lexington, for the reason that die disungtpffi’ and author desired that they should not be given to ti.e public until they had undergone his personal revision and inspection. For the same reason it would presuinptious in any one to venture an opinion upon the propriety or impropriety of the positions taken. Both the speech and resolutions will be given to our readersat an early day. (ion. Tnvlor’s Return. It having been stated by the Washington Union, that six mouths’ leave had been granted to Gen. Taylor, nnd that he would arrive in this country about the Ist of December, preparations arc already in progress forgiv ing him a public reception in New Oi leans. The mind can scarcely conceive the power or extent of the enthu siasm which the arrival of Gen. Taylor will excite in this country. His tudvanc • will he hailed with “bonfires and illuminations,” and his progress will be one unceas ing triumphal procession from th.* Sabine to the Lakes. The people cannot do him honor over much, because he is one of themselves. Great Taylor Movement in Vbilimim. The Alabama Journal * f the 1 .'th inst, contains an addre-s of great power and point, to the people of that state urging them at once to merge all past party ; feeliij sand to utrte iu support of Gen. Taylor as the ! caii >• * lectedto Ri. rresldeney. It is signed by dis- ’ * Anguished men of all parties, nnd among the names ! we notice that ofthe Hon James E. Bilser, late a dis j Anguished Democratic tnembei of Congress from the j District This address is courteous in diction but over whelming in argument. Gn. ScottS I> *>} aft !ms. To the exclusion of -nr usual news, Miscellany, and Editorial matter, we give place to-day to the very interesting despatches of General Scott,in regard to the important engagement** that preceded the Armistice at 1 Mexico. Ihe report* t(. n. Bcott, is in itself complee, I and for clearness, comprehensiveness and brevity, will compare with any j a;>er of a similar kind ever given to the public. Th** great wonder of the reader is, that so much can beam.* in so limited a space; and yet, so graphic is the description, and sofiiliy is the true char acter of the gifted Officer manifested, that the render almost imagines, that 1: is r. eye-witness to the various evolutions as tie y are performed. The description of 1 the Battle ot Molmo del Roy, the storming of Chapul lepec, anJttiesoufiu inaction which extended thence j to the gates of the( .ty, is it possible, more interesting I • than the portiQii whie:i i now given to our readers. We i will nidenvor v* pi* nt.dm detail next Week. Gen. Scott esttmetrsi the entire lows of the Americans in the Valley of Mexico, at 2 ~d3. including 353 officers. He then adds:’ “ Oil th*; other Can i, this small fore lias beaten on tlie same occaaionv, in view of their capital, the whole Mex ican army, of ‘at the begiumn.: thirty oil. l thousand men, p >ste.f, always, in eh >-* *n po-:tiona, behind entrench meiits, or m re formidable d.fonces of nature and art; killed or wo mde I of that number, uii * tin n 7,000 *ffi persan*.l m n n : taken 3.730 on*-** ,, venth <>fli cera,including 13gcnemls.of win n 3 h id been Presi dents of the Republic : captured in . • than 20 colors and standards. 7s pieces of orJmnc *, b des 17 wall pieces, ! 80,000 small irins.aniui 11 *ns *j 1 tmity *i shots, shells, powder, &c Sc *. “(>l that enemy, once s*> fonni !n!| in numbers, ap pointments. artillery. See , tw rv <>Jd thousand have disband *d them <*lyes in despair, I. .ving. as is known, not more than ihree frngm *it -li * lurg aUmt 2.5!X); now wan I ring in diff*'cnt I ■ • > v*. without maga zines ora mili; try chest, nu I! ivi 11 *at free art# r*r upon theirow-ipeonh* General Bnu i \nna,h uiselfatugi tive.isheliev* ttoheon th * p 1’ - %\in / tha chief ( magistracy, aui -capiug t*> neutral G it 1 n**la.” j Wlnt will tn* ttilitary m *u of th • o! I w rld sty, to ! achievements like th •*■• ? All eyes must lienceforth he 1 tunie.l t* the \ mug R*-public of th** West. The grow - ing Hercules of nations—tfroug'i yet in swaddling clothes, hna accomplished what < *** ne 1 impossible in arms. ,The qi >st remark aS! * part of if nl’ Is, that from tlie day the immortal ten th>mo l emhaik**.! at the Island ol Lcfet*. to the IT * -nt t)e Btara and Stripes floated over Ike Hal's of the M . ite/.uma, not a milita ry mistake of any consequence, w iim committed hy the Counounder inSJliief Our I’. SenulC There is trank comfort yet resert* *t for the defmted Democracy. Dawson t ■* uns. is/, .rly converted to their faith, so that be will do, u.* t;)*an do no better, But us for Mr. UcnVen 1* .Hi th** next Leg islaturc, and his p!. c trill then ‘ < fi ! dby n Demorrat. says thi 1 Coinin'.ii| I *ur Th,** is tlie firot inti inatiou w* have hud ol tu i.Jiiui's Ixuiig u prophet. \\ *• wdl 1 1 *t not ( VIII ii.■ i.iiatc u *l.*ubt of his capacity, in the character he luciun •#. but merely Miggcst to him to embrace av* iy fivoraM - o;i|vrtunity < * sting it T’he w. rither is very d*Y’ and our sir* < ■* ty (fur people wouL Ik; very guid to ktiw* when it i will rain ‘l’h” F 1 ‘or fth • T .• •iy “We uuderataitd lliatlfr niukn nrul Dawson arc elect. c*l B natojp t* reprcwmi tin Bt .t in Coi’a.v * ; the lm t**r up* H* tUg Mil Mt§r>tft'v —H wait elected ly the 1 Wh tfl'tg, it is dappd and, tw >lk uioqrats, hut has ‘ut > declined hltnsrll in tuv* 1 of nearly all the Demo cratic meffmiri* Brfri'*n, o •ci -u re-elect ion, mod- ‘ ifi I b Fedemli in cms Ici.ibU . but will .on r.’tuin J to hi* wallowing iu tliMiwtc He ha n* thing more to 1 ask ot the people of G **rgii,nnd they may go to the devil so Ihr 11* he is com* n. I. But m wicked ilh not live cut half th *ir days, no 1 hi* \ • rry will f*e filled by t Ik, j fit by th next 1 , *u Lon Freights—Tlie SUite Tfond- The following just and sensible remarks upon an im- i portsnt subject, we omitted by mistake last week in making up the report of Mr. Garnett, the Chief Engi neer oil the State Road. We publish them now as an net i f justice to a faithful officer, and tor the inform ation of all concerned. The period has not yet arrived wirn the general rote of charge on passengers cm be safely reduced. I his experiment can o ily succeed fully in a dense population, where any reduction will reach a large class which was n u before influenced.—With a spaise population, little variety of business pursuits and no luige towns along ihe line requiring frequent intercourse, a reduction of 4 ure would he found to produce a very small increase of irav-d. The true way to benefit the inhabitants of the country near the road is to transport their staples nt a low price Tint effects every man, as all are obliged to . di“p— • of what they produce at home, before they can j purchase supplies from abroad. The charge on these staples is an inevitable tax audits reduction will be uni versally felt. Oil the contrar) the charge on travellers is ‘ a • which each man has the option to bear and avoid a inclination may prompt It is therefore belter for the I great body of the people to lower the inevitable tax on ail that they have to send to market. Hut it is believed that, during a short period ol each \ -.1 r, a considerable reduction of tare, tor a specified 1 time will Ire productive of decided advantages to the road and the community. Tins was tried in the month ot August, and resulted in an increase of 30 per cent, in the total receipts, over th<*se of the preceding month, which up to that time hail been much the largest in any one month since the opening of the road. ‘I here was • lie detect evident in the plan adopted n August. Ihe 1 1 e.\ priced tickets required the holders to return within twenty days or lose the benefit ot them. This created n su I Jen and great increase of travel, causing some in convenience and expense to the rail-roads, and dispro portions! to the limited accommodations ot the coun try, but just emerged from the forest. One advantage a using from this state of things is, that the energies ot the people ha'e been fully aroused, and the accommo dations lor travel in the Cherokee country will be fully doubled m another year. It had the advantage too ot making the country known.—Many, who had not l>e fore visited this region, were surprised to find that they could leave the hot atmosphere of the cities,and, within a I w hours, reach a country abounding in wholesome air, cool waters and beautiful scenery. The man ot business may leave his office, to enjoy nil this, und re turn before his absence is discovered. Auditorial Correspondent I ©. MILLEDGEVILLE, Nov. 15th, 1847. Gentlemen: —The most remars able feature in the Legislation of to-day, has been, the simultaneous pre sentation in both branches, of Bills giving the election of all Judges, B*>li ntors, State House Officers, Ac. Ac. to the people. Mr. Simmons, from the counties of De- Kalb and Gwinnett, fathered the bantling in the Senate, while both Mr. Jackson of Walton, mid Mr Harden ol Walker, are accused ol its paternity ill the House. It is most unquestionably the child of many fathers, and it would be a nice question to solve, whether its blood be purely Republican, or a cross of Agrarianism upon progressive Democracy. Since the adoption of the bi ennial system, the small fry politicians have found it a difficult matter to keep the people of the Stale lashed into a lury upon politics ; and some of them are conse quently disposed to throw as many causes of excitement us possible before the multitude, in order, to increase the chances of extending their own short lived existence. That the measure in question will receive a respectable support in the Legislature, is not pretended. It may possibly become an element in future elections,and ena ble some of the insect tribe of politicians to float their brief day, in the dense atmosphere of party strife. That the people are capable ol sell’ government is true —that they would perhaps make si good selections as the if law-givers have made, in some instances,is highly prob able ; they could not well do worse. Still it does seem to me that the general character,both nientaland mor al, of our Judicial, and other officers, should satisfy the people and their law-givers, that it is perhaps most pru dent and proper, to adopt the homely adage, and “ let well enough alone.” In this connection I may as well mention another Democratic measure of “ deliverance and liberty/ which has been spoken of in private circles, and which is said to have sprung from the same fertile brain that conceived the idea of shrouding the Athens Banner, in mourning in respect forthe memory of Silas Wright, the pulative father of the Wilmot Proviso. It is noth ing short of the establishment of a quasi House ofLords The scheme as 1 understand it, is that twelve men shall be. run upon the general ticket, with the candidate for for the Executive Chair—that they shall enter office with him, as a sort of Provisional Junto, Privy Coun cil, Kitchen Cabinet or bo<iy guard, as the use may lx-—that they shall be endowed with law-making powers, and be entitled to seats in the Legislative Hulls. It is thought, that the adoption ot this scheme, will make the government a unit , and prevent the recurrence of the contingency now existing, viz: the election of a Governor and a Legislature of different politics. A would be the complete obmeiuuuti -n c and an entire abandonment of every thing to party Ihe “ House of Lords” would be virtually the sole law-givers and the representation of the people and ol the various existing interests would be noth.ng more than a senseless, unmeaning form ; for the very idea is, that the twelve men spoken of, would be sufficient to | turn the scale of party ascendancy Why the number twelve should have been selected, l know not, unless it be, that the theory of Mr. Simms in regard to the nr ifitn of Democracy, is to be adopted as a portion of the party creed, and the idea has been suggested by the 1 number of the disciples of old. Should Mr. Simms in his historical researches, attempt to establish a regular | succession, for these Democratic Bishops, he may find it necessary to pass by the venerable St. Peter, and trace their paternity to that disciple who “ carried the hag” who was doubtless the real originator of that arti cle in the Democratic creed, which declares that “ to the victors belong the spoils” But enough of this, “ De mocracy is ill a stew.” It has gained a fruitless victory, and is now devising “ ways and means” for the future security of the spoils. ‘flie Senate to-day refused, by a vote 0f24 to 19, to grant any pecuniary aid to Maj. E. H, Bacon, of Lib erty county who asked the usual encouragement ex tended to authors. Maj. B. has ready for press a con tinuation of Dawson’s Compilation ot the law's of Geor gia, from 1830 to 1846. The work was said to have lieen faithfully executed, hut the state having recently paid some $26,000 for Law Books will be more cautious in future. It seems to be un easy matter to secure com missioners who will approve of almost anything in the shape of a Book. The Senate referred the resolution of Mr. Marks, touching the introduction ol Slaves into the State, for Sale, to a select committee. The Bill to change the times of holding the Superior Courts of the Snath-Western Circuit was passed. I will give you a statement of the proposed changes at an early day. The remainder of the day was consu med principally in reading local Bills, the second tune. The follow ing Bills of interest to your readers, were introduced, viz : By Mr. Howard—a Bill providing far coitqM-nsniing tin- Clerk of the Supreme Court, for extra service*; also n Bill iiiiienJiitury of the law organizing said Court Mr liatrell—u Bill to incorporate the Wilkes county and Teunillc Kail Kiaid Company. Mi Mi Donald -a Hill to create anew county, out j of partsof Ware and Lowndes. Mr Harris of Baldwin—a Bill providing that liere after the Supreme Court sliall hold its sessions in Milicilgeville, Macon, Columbus, Athens and Mariet ta. The passage of this Bill is advocated upon the ground, that the Judges are greatly inconvenienced at present for Bisks—not having access to suitable Libra ries. The State should lit the Court at ine place and every Lawyer practising helbre it, should be required to pay a given amount lor every case argued, to be up plop: ilcd to the establishment of n good Library. A lew dollars upon each case, would lie an insignificant item lor the Liwyer to pay,and yet the aggregate would, in time, luriiiali a most valuable collection of Books lor the use of the Court. M r Bartow introduced a Bill to Incorjsiratc the New Yo-k and Savannah Steam Navigation Company. It is to tie hoped thut Savannah may at once embark ear nestly in this matter, as the Charleston sod New York Steamers, are rapidly reducing truth the travel and trade of our own seaport The other Billa introduced were generally unimportant. Yours, tie. C. MILLEINiEVILLE.Nov KWh 1*47 Oekti euss —The busmen id the dsy lias been comparatively unimportant. In the Senate Mi. Ter rell reported lavonrably upon the memorial of eertain ■atixrns of Cherokee, touching the promised Ltowah \ alley Kail Road, Tliis Road is to connect with tin go at Mate Rond near Cnilcrsville mid by Cos (s*r .V Stroup's Iron works and thence follow tin valley of the Etowah, in the direction of Duhlonega, Lumpkin county. The region penetrated for the first liliy miles IS said to be exceedingly fertile, hut I greatly questi,,n whether If liaa surplus capital enough, aa yet tjustify so great an undertaking Th ficople how ever are pcrlinpu m quite as good a condition as were th of nmMls Mini lower Georgia *n n th* v first un- I dei took the HeicuUau enterprise us connecting the mountains and the Sea Board. This Road will ulti mately be built and will be a valuable feeder for the great lines leading to the coast. There is emphatically a great mania ujion the subject of rail roads at the pres ent time. The Legislature will extend no aid to pri vate companies, but will he c intent with the completion of the State enterprise to Chattanooga. lam the more carry for this as the great South Western Road—the most important of all the projected woikr —will thereby be some what retarded. In that case however the capi tal is in the country which is mainly to be hem fitted and n will be invested in the work U the people understand j their own true interests. Mr. Wales introduced an important bill defining more particularly the liability of Guardians, Executors and Administrators. Mr. Wiggins also introduced a bill, which was referr ed to the Committee on the Judiciary, amending the act ol 1767 lor the limitation of actions, avoiding suits at law Ac. Ac. Mr. Simmons—a bill supplementary to the one in troduced yesterday giving the election of Comptroller general to the people. Mr. Forman offered a Resolution, requiring the Chief Engineer ot the Western and Atlantic Rail Rood to furnish detailed estimates of the work yet to he done on said road prior to its completion, specifying the vari* ous kinds ot work with the cost of each item und es pecially of the tunnel Ac—agreed to. Mr. Earns, a resolution requiring the Committee on Education to examine, and report such amendments to the existing laws as will dispense equal education to all Mr. Forman—a resolution instructing the Committee on the Slate ot the Republic to make such a report up on the Wilmot Proviso us may justly exhibit the feelings of the people of Georgia. In the House the call of the Committees was gone through with and quite a man of local matter was pre sented, which it would only weary me to record, vou to prim and the public to read. Every member seems to have sonic half dozen great measures of “deliverance j and liberty” which cencern vitally the constituency which “he has the honor to represent.” Verily, leg islation is becoming something of a farce. Ycure Ac. C. MILLEDGEVILLE, Nov. 17th, 1847. 1 Gentlemen : —Last night Mr. Whitney addressed the 1 members of the Legislature und citizens generally, upon * his great project lor connecting the Atiuntic and Pa cific Ocean j, by means ot a Rail-Road. I had not the pleasure of hearing him, but understand from those who were present, that he is a plain, matter-of-fact, gentle man—that Ins scheme is an exceedingly plausible one, . ami that he sustains his positions with ail array of facts 1 and argument, which is overwhelming. He has with * him a Chart or Map, from which he pretty clearly dein- * onstrates that the contemplated road when built, will 1 I revolutionize the commerce of the w'orld, and compel 1 England and the Continent, to resort to the American Atlantic Ports, for the innumerable articles which are now carried at such immense expense from India, around the Southern Cape. Ilis plan rs to ask Con-1 gress fora gram of alternate sections of Land, m the j territory through which the Road will pass. These lands will be offered to emigrants, on terms which will insure the settlement of the country, as the Road pro gresses ; thus at once protecting the work, and ren dering doubly valuable, that part of the public domain stil retained by the Government. The distance from the LtuiU'm terminus of the proposed Road to the Pa t cific,is 2000 miles, which would be rather “ a long ride 1 of a short afternoon.” But more of this hereafter. Mr. I W. asks of the Legislature, the passage of resolutions, approbatory of las plan, and the request I presume will. be granted. Both branches of the General Assembly adjourned i over at an early hour, to attend the State Fair. A few Bills however were first introduced, viz: Mr. Wiggins—a Bill to amend the several acts ex empting from levy and sale, certain pr< perty of judge ment or attachment debtore. Mr. Mark-—a Bill to incorporate the Muscogee As sy him, for the Poor, Ac. Mr. Hunt—to reduce the number of the Jurtices of the Interior Court in each county to one. and to compen sate the incumbents Ac. This is nearly the same Bill which w'as defeated last Session by a few’ votes. Mr. MaJks—a Bill to amend the Charter of the Mus cogee Rail-Road Company. A Bill—the first of the season—relative to the pay of members —passed with becoming unanimity. The proper committee reported in favor of the jus tice ol the claim of Peter Trezvant, and recommended very properly that it be paid. Sundry other unimpor tant reports were presented. . r rk Umiyp arwn( sometime in reading Bills the second time, after which, on motion ol ;vir oumm, a amm C'OlIIIIllllC'C nus a|>puu,,.J . upon llie of Mr. Whitney. Mr, Nisbet presented the memorial of a large num ber of citizens in regard to the South Western Rail- Road, which was referred to the Committee on Internal Improvements. The Fair, before alluded to, was not fully attended. But few animals were presented for premiums, and the agricultural part of the show was a most palpable fail-; ure. The laidies did better, and gave very creditable ev idence of both their taste and industry. Some of the specimens of needle-work, were admirable, and duly appreciated. Messrs Denslowifc Webster,of Savannah,had pres- j ent an immense collection of Agricultural implements - of almost every eonceivable kind. They were all how- \ ever imported Iroin Yankee Land, and of course did not obtain premiums. I will notice these implements in a separate article, as much credit is due to the enterpri- j sing gentlemen who brought them hither at a heavy ex- i pense, and as I am happy to understand, that they con - \ template establishing a similar House in your City. Two articles of Georgia manufacture, deserve espe- I cial notice. I refer to the magnificent 50 saw Gin,and ! a newly invented Cotton Trasher, both from the Manu factory of Mr. Samuel Griswold, of Clinton. Jones { county They were manufactured by Mr. A D Brown, well known as one of the most accomplished Machi nists in the country, and were models of neat and sub stantial workmanship. The Gin was constructed with Reid’s patent wuter boxes, which are almost a perfect security against tire,and was sold very readily too wealthy planter, for a fraction under $^K)’ The Trail er was n home invention—the proluct of Mr Brown’s ingenuity—and consequently attracted much attention. It is exceedingly simple in its construction, and costs less than one third of the amount charged tor the arti cles now used, for the purpose of cleaning trashy Cotton. It is patented, and must come into universal use Among others, I must not omit to notice the presence of Mr. Van Valkenburg, of your City, who “ astonish ed the natives,’’ by an exhibition of his patent Portable Mills. They seemed truly at a loss to understand how sosimple a piece of machinery, could possibly perforin so much work in a given time. Thsproceedingsof the Association I have procured, and send you for publication. The Reports, by the way, the most interesting part of the whole affair. I have i been unable to procure, as they are in the hands of par- j ties who seem interested in giving them to the public at thnrlriMurc, Yours, truly, C. j ” i MILLEDGEVILLE, Nov lHth, 1847 Gentlemen :—Mr Simmons it seems, is resolved to attempt to go even beyond the Barn burners of New- York first, he proposes to elect the Judicial und Pros ecuting Officer* of the Htnte by the people—then the Comptroller General end now the Senators to the (Tinted State* Congress. Such I understand to be the purport of a Bill, which he introduced to-Jny, prescribing the time, place nnd manner of electing said officer*. Mr Uunngan, another great reformer, seems to have taken the Judiciary under Ins especial guardianship, and accordingly has reported n Hill, to prescribe how the laws of the State, shall be compiled and arranged ! The Senate next pa****d the Bill, requiting Consta bles B< mis to be recorded by the Clerks in certain ruses 1 omitted yesterday to notice uii amusing document, yclept a Protest, which was pivsetiled hi Mr Barclay, and signed by some seven or eight Democrats. It pro tests thut the election of two Senators during the pres ent session, is improper and iineoMstitutioiiul, nnd gives sundry grave reasons t lie re for It is reail) refreshing to watch Dewmcrucy in its various phases. At one tune during the receipt of teturns ol the late * I* < turn, it was generally believed that our opponent* would have the Legislature, n* well aa the Governor. They then re joiced that they had tin* power to give to the Nation two I Bonn tors, of the genuine Democratic tuith Before me at this moment are copies of the Georgia m ami ll'ath j inutan (fman, in both of which. sentiment* of tin*kind are expressed. Then, it was constitutional nnd proper. Now it is improper and unconstitutional, Iterante th> Whiut have the majantf. The House w. is ttlmo*i entirely engaged ihia morn- j ing,ill the rail of the Counties. In the ulwctux* ol Mr | Jenkins, business progr seed slowly The i Speaker, Mr. Jones, has not die theuay 0 | Ihe passage of measures and the members ,lailn * ore without expeii. nc- in such mutton, ln l ra ‘ y not be cancealed, that both hi auches U s a, e oral Aanmbly ate deficient in those i n „i, business talents, which are calculated to mal/” 8 impression upon ths country Perliups, never ' ” more purity of characu r in any Legislative bod/’ State,and 1 may add, more general intellhj. none of them seem to stand out from the i m ,7 ‘ l,ll them are capable of wi Iding any e.uraord m ;/ v ' 1 “"! ,f ence. Perhaps it will better comport witl, ,(./ ‘ lB "’ : interests, that such is the ease. y ultra MILLED!’. EVILLE, Nov. i0,h )1847 GeniUmr*.— In the Senate, a Resolutionco m ,,’ . ing the Whitney Rail Road project to the f*ri OUB uni •ration of Congress, was agreed to wit .out * lion. In the House it w.isdehated fir nearly i w / ,U * and finally passed by the close vole ol Cos lu g, l '? 1 ’ members seemed to be alraid of it, lest It | IlllM|! * alter be construed into positive insimctioustoourß tors and Representatives to vote lor the mi , asked by Mr. Whitney. Brant ol Mr. Lawton, Senator from Effingham and S introduced a Hill to repeal the act now in f wce 1 ing from garnishment the wages of journey//" 11 *’ chillies and day laborers. This has generally l/,""’ gurded as a humane and useful law. R noyunce to the employer, and induces prudet/'”"’ part of the employed. It restricts credit, and the poor man to purchase cheaper, because he , purchases for cash. The question lias two ad,.,7' * however, and the discussion will doubtless U.. 10 1! ’ | eating one. 1 I The Senate wns addressed at great length bv M I Simmons, in favor of his Bill giving the electu I Judges to the people. The Hon. Senator think that he was the pioneer in this measure 0 f ref o * I Had he possessed a little more experience in reari! I past legislation, he would have known that his and I trine has for years been known as the “ Oglethc I Heresy that it has been more than once beforeHl Legislature, and has been ably and eloquently tmsZ I by such men as Billups, Ifurdeman, and others r a I vote to-dny wns 13 to 30— not n very flattering one I After the House disposed of the Whitney I it took up the Bill to appropriate SI,OOO to furniture for the Executive mansion. The I erally stated that they wished to treat his Exo • I with all due consideration and courtesy, an j willing to grant him whatever might be uec-I “ place his House in order.” The Democracy, :h™j| I evidently- anxious to get the money were afraid I responsibility and the people. They seemed to kmv I instinctively, that it was wholly inconsistent pretentions, to ask $4,000 to refit a mansion which M I been esteemed good enough to accommodate Me Jle I Governor. Hence, when brought up to the yeas and I nays, they bolted, and the Bill was lost. I It was said, by those who knew, that the appropriate I was necessary, hut there is one reason why theLep.! lature should he exceedingly economical in its expend itures ol this class. The mansion has already cosrjeß State over $60,000, at least $40,001) of which r tl thrown away merely through folly, or to creatnux-B case for retaining the Capital at Milledgevillf Lvt-yl additional dollar voted will l>e regarded and ur&gl an additional reason for retaining the State present almost inaccessable position. f Parsimony, under such circumstances, lsgooitn&.B i omy, and his Excellency will doubtlew excuse jl friends lor holding tightly the purse strings until >1 contingency of removal has been settled. K Yours, Ac. [ ■ [FROM nm SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT.] I MILLEDCJEVILLE, Nov 20th IST H Gentlemen transacted this morning Tin committeetowhonafl referred the expediency of completing the Slat- PjH Road reported favourably to it- competition. bills of a local nature were introduced. B Inthe House the motion to reconsider yesterdays Journal ns relates to the Senat-s:•< i.JB relative to Mr hitney's project of connecting lantic anil Pacific Oceans by Rail Road was ,o>:-/BB 37, Nays 78. ■ Mr. Nesbit from the special committee, to referred the petition of Petei Trezvant reports ably thereto, and introduced a bill tor Trezvantsrjß The House refused to ague to Mi Nesb.t's print 150 copies of the report and bn/—yens 57 Some discussion was had 011 tli.s motion in Messrs Nesbit, Jackson of Walum ana 1 ticipated. Mr. Walker from the committee on Internal improvements reported unfavounwy to |fl ‘ y*Vlrk A Cooperand others, filnu nt of the uuhlic exner.tation in regard to a , ous communication by Rail Road between it)’ tains and sea-board. I The House reconsidered the bill which terdny , appropriating money for furnishing an,’ ing the Executive Mansion. After somediacmaH House finally agreed to appropriate that purpose. I Thus far twenty two bills have passed the Seiiair^^ seventy-six have been introduced, whilst in :tx only seven have passed out of one hundred aou four which have been introduced. I Y ours truly, S^B Value of Cotton Crop. Mr. Henry of Mobile, in his annual paper on the | ton crop of the United States, remarks: B j “The crop of 1844, the largest we ever made 2,400,uiK> (tales, weighing on an average 440 > ! It was sold at an average of 44 rents per lb., j mounted to $50,160,000. The latter part of uu'H partot the following year wus one ot our most I periods ; as all our hoju-s of a check to n ere hopes. The crop of 1815 was2,loo/137 440 lbs., sold at 64 cents per lb , amounted 1 000 The crop of the past year in b'les, wi l 1.780, 00, mid allowing at eaeh port the same to their hales for tins as last year, their average lbs. ; hut if the proportionate falling oft’ in where equals what a appears tube at thin port hale,) the average would only Is* about 416 im let us call 11 420, und at 420 lb*, it would 1.6J7.722 mi few thousand less than my estimate>4B cember, which was 1,700,000,) and this rn*p. *B an average of 10 cents, produces you #74,760, M ine recapitulate: 1 1844. .2,100,000 hales, .at 41 cent* V’ M| S, 1110,437 hairs..at 61 •• 1546.. 1,6a7,75K bales..at 10 “ ‘'"M “The result is amazing—and dr these figure*■* I * dress themselves to the minds of planter* m force, and in the most urgent as well m I voice, entreat them to nurse and cherish. *:d 8,1 I atroy their lands f lor those lands und our ch‘U | C L * more precious thau mines of gold. And do*' flHli B that we have the strongest imaginable jihluo' ll "'JOß * enter upon other enterprises? Throughout ! and e.-|iectally Alahama, the best water-p lW, ' r>lfl jP| 1 ton fnctorieH and most valuable mineruisuUnud We clip the above front the Montgomery , Adrertiaer . to express our thank* to th* l i journal lor giving its readers political doctnne* so sound nnd thoroughly Whig The in encouraging and extending die innnufacwr ( iron and woollen goodsut the South coow> 1 B ten iiiii too strongly urged by the Press, j H| or Democratic, The demand tin raw l| and the fact that <,400,000 bales Brought on’ ■ thirds aa much money as 1,7tM).000 lisle*. | I of the liist named iiuiuls*r, furmslie*. IJ nothing is easier than over-produi non of d“’ ‘ j I Wluit is the remedy f To abuse Mr. f uV systeni of diversified industry , but ndopt it \N e do not risk Democratic journal* 10 ‘* u *” n thing ns to nhstimi from denouncing gi B All we desire is tha* they shall give the K I*'tiding iiianufactiin s a cordial support H ol tie ir own. Mi P’ i.k succeeded in■ sands of Democrat in Peniis>lvunia urn • B by the Kani. letter, that lie was • * tlfr than Mr. Ci.av It was that letter which election, together wilii hisclauu “l* * “ of Oregon.” Agl Secretary Wai.ki r s jsd cy of growing cotton in t‘;*• States adapted to n*culltne. ‘ ling on I,iwi|mm| Pir u maikel, u* forth ns e gitnnule fnuis. The pi “lit* 1,1 wlnefi in ‘iu to lie* plunter, according show mg. iiveiuge less tiliill *X |” 1''* *‘' 14,1 „„ | J w ild* the exhaustion of the soil—••* , * r F A lue f •■m to*. 11. *. li cropping -ecoiil *" 11 * ijt , ,<f I |h*i l ent No mail* r. piee-Ti- le *,i. A I with ih* D hum iiu v. It will n" 1 r oi teis to diminish competition m d*’ a |( W vii!*’ it) l*t ling S'uiln in muniiUii'tures ... lerleie wtill tile theory ol n I ,, ‘ W ~lu JUpir who legurd the ol th'’ lul ,U >tU"” , mg. VMI. II weighed Mgamst ll r ~WT , ‘ ! “„,eii “ mas. flow long will melt ol good , io|o low these party leaders, to the* H** l their country.— t hion ts Nrofmcf