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c | .r|<>re Cha pul tepee aiVi rHiising to retire—ns well ns I), Mr ifficers and men of the column—Quinnan con jej topics* firwnd, mid *• d.mk .1 lireci tires; • -ried an intermediate battery ot two guns; ami then \ \ gate, before two o'clock in the afternoon, but not \v..h)nt proportionate loss, increased by his steady ni lintenanceol that position. Here, ot the he.-wy battery—till artillery—captain Drum and l.u i. H iijamin were mortal y wounded, uid Liei Porte.. its third in rank, slightly. The loss oi those two distinguished officers the army will lot .g m u"n. Lieu.-. J. H. Montgne and Win Canty, oj tn South Carolina volunteers, aisonf high merit, tell on the sum<3 occasion—oesnljs many our bravest 11 ‘.l commissioned officers and men—particularly in C .pt. Drum’s veteran c mpany 1 cannot, in this pi.ice, give names or numbers ; but bnl returns ot the k:o 1 und wounded of ailcj.pq m their recent opera to is, will accompany this tv-port. Q i tinan within to’.* city—adding several new and fen ces to the position he h id w on, a i l sheltering his corps as w i. as practicable—now awaited the return ot day lie.u m ider the g:t ot the formidable citadel, yet to oe su > tued. About 4 o'clock next morning, fcfept 11, a deputation oi . .yaninmicnio ,'city cu ic.l) waited upon me to i.*p >!, mme that th. .vd**rit gov rniiieni mid the army *>. vi vlco bn.i fled from the capital some three horns , , .br| to and msnd 1 ns ol c pats stion in favor 1,-'the church, th. citizens, and the rnunieipal authri s I promptly replied, that I would sign no camtu , 1..0 1, mat the ‘coy 11a I i..*eii virttvilly in on: nos.-es.ion .1 I • tulle ot the lodgments • iiocted bv Worth and | ,1 k.: nan ilie lay ,>elore ; m it i regr. tied the silent ••*- of the M x r. m army . that i noui 1 icvy upon the tv 1 ni 1 derate . o itnoiti >n, for special purposes; and I .... the American army should oo.ne unJer 110 terms, . > ‘//-impos'd—inch oniy as its ow.i honor, the dig . y oi the United States, and the spirit ot the age, sir .and, in my opinion, imperiously demand and im pose. in the terms, so imposed, I refer t!i * department to subsequent General Orders. Nos. 257 and 28J—para graph 7, 8 and ‘J, of the latter—Copies ot which are n . . w.ih enclosed. Ai me termination of the interview with the city de putation, 1 communicated, about davli^h{, (Vi guard against treachery) towards th * heart of the c*i) . and to occupy its stronger and more cominanding p. . Q:i tin. ii proceeded to the great plaza or-square, , ■ ie.i fcU.ou& aod hoisted the coors oft ne U. States 01 me national palace—containing the halls ot COll -and executive apartments ot federal Mexico, in this grateful service, Quiunaii might have been antici pated by Worth, but lor my express orders, Halting, the mtter at the head ot the Alameda. (a green park,) vwihiu three squares ot that goal of general ambition. Iti.-capital, however, w'*'s not taken by any one or two corps, but by the talent, the science, the gallant v the prowess ot ttus entire army. In the glorious nque-*t, nil had contributed—early and powei.u.i) • killed, the wounded, and thelit fur iluiy —*t Vc<a cmz, Cerro Gordo, Contreras, Sun Antonio. Ch 1 1 - b isco, (three battles,) the Moimos dei Key, and Ciia puliepec—as much as those who tought at the gates of Helen ami San Cosine. Soon after we had entered, and w re 11 the act ot occupying the city, a tire was opened upon us from the lint roots 01 the houses, from windows and comers ot streets, by some it,ooo convicts hbcrnied the night be tore by the dying government—joined by, perhaps, as many Mexican soldiers, who had fiisb* tided thein selv sand thrown ofi” their uniforms. This unlawful war lasted more tlian twenty-tour hours, m spite ot the exertions 01 the municipal authorities, and was not put down t>ll we had lost many m mi, incmning several of iu’eis, killed or wounded, ana had punished the miscre ants. Theu objects were, to gratify national ha tied ; and in th* general alarm andcuiuuston, to plundei the wealthy inhabitants—particularly thedoseit*l houses, liu: families*are now generally returning; busmen 01 every kind has leen resumed, and the city is already .ranquil and cheerful, under toe admirable conduct, with exceptions very few an i trifling) oi our gallant troops. . ms army has been more disgusted than surprised ; irtt. by soul''sinister process on the’ part ot certain iti d viduaJsal home, its numbers have been generally, ol i.i -n trebled ill our public papers—beginning at Wash i.i .ion. Leaving, as we nil feared, inadequate garrisons at V *ra Cruz, IVrote and Pnebh—w th much larger hos p ti;s; and being obhg. 1, mos, reiuct*.it,y trom the st . • caus (general paucity ot numbeiej to abandon .1 j, we marched [Angu.-t 7-lUj from rurbla wuli oni v 10,738 rank and hie. This number includes the g.i: .son of Jalnpu, and die 2,4 W men brought up by linn Gen. Pierce, August 6. At Contreras, Churubusco, Ac., [August 20., w had but 8437 men engaged—af'er deducting the gam-1 son ol San A'lgu.'vim, I'-.ir .e;ul depot, ii • inter-’ iiale s.ck an! tii .. •!. at the > del Key. [.-•*, itv bui ti.. > withs -me cavnhy i I artillery—making 111 all 3231 men—were in the t t He; in die two days—September 12 and le—our v ile operating .orce. alter vieductmg, apu.ii, the re c 1 killed, wounded, and sick, together with the gar- II i of Mixeonc lie then general d* pot] and diet ot ‘i .cubayn, waabnt tIHO and ti.viuy, a. 1 dedocting th*-new garrison of Chspuitepec, with the killed and I w glided ol the two Jays, we look possession [Sept of due great cnpual with less than biM men And 1 ...ttUMMrt 1 r.,, I CVI - *e, tliat, in nol one oi those coiitbets, w.is this army c** rosed by fewer than three and a hah tinu s its nuin-1 :. —iliseverulol them, !•* : \el gic; t -.vress. i i< capitulate our lobs s since we arrived m the basin ol vl -xico Atut -i U). 20 — Killed. 137. including 14 aflieers—. It •./ dal. K 77. including 62 officen*, Miasmii, (proba- * l. y K nod,) 3‘J rank amt ti.c 7aim', l,v 32. t?.!*TKMBEJI B— kil.ru, H 6, including ‘J officers | Wounded. ts 3. cciudiiig iJidt.cMS. Muwir.g, it* unk •ml h . i on. . 7,'is *?Ei”ri mbi'.r 12, 13. H— Killed, 130. including lOof-1 li :s .11 </ ’. (/. 703, im iiuinig 6A oiiio is. .Uismng, 23 :ank ile Tula /, t<6'2. (i 1 1 total of loss* >, 2.703, including officers. •ocher 1 I,th 01 n non the • ... .■ visions, in vn v/oi tneir capital, th-- whole Ale 1 ica :*1 iy, of (at the beginning! thirty-odd ihousan ! ( —posted, always, in chosen posi •< ue, t ehmd en- | c icr. uents, ormo.e formidable detencea o. nature an 1 • * killed or wouiidrci of that numb* r. more man 7.'K>) ■ aim m u ; t-*ktn 3,730 p :.-o - .'ei>\ one-seveirli S uc!tiding ‘ 3 wner‘M-1, wn in 3 bad been I int of tins repul he ; cay ;ured more than 20<joi- 1 and standards, 75 poe *s ot ordnance, besidt s 57 p eces, JU.OU) annli him.*, uii umnense quantity of •in .Is, powder, Ac., Ac. Oi that enemy, once so lormiimbir in numbers, ap pv., i nts. artillery, Ac. twenty-odd thousand have iei • ted Ih l mm Ivt -in deep nr, at 1 known not more than three fragments—the impest about 2>w —.low wandering ui different u.icctio..s, w.tn, ui mag azines or a military chest, and living at jree quarter* up their own people. G .. -al Santa Anna, himselfa fugitive, iabelieved to be on tlie point ot resigning the chiei magistracy, and ea-aping 10neutralGuammUa. Anew l’resident, no doubt, will mon be declared, and t e te feral Congress i- xp cted to re-aaaenible at Queretaro, 125 miles north 1 • : a 5,0,1 till- Z icateeus road, s *me time in October ilk ve seen and given sate conduct through this city to j e veralof its members. Th* government will find it- I evil without resou.ee* ; no army, no nraeua!:-, no mngu- > ziocs,and but little revenue, internal or external. Still,’ •u< h is the obstinacy, or rather intaiuat.on, ot tinspeo-1 pl< .that it is very doubtful whether t ie new authorities w .* dare to sue tor peace on the terms w Inch, 111 the re cent negotiation*, were made known by our minister. • * * * i i 1 conclusion, l beg to emumernte, once more, with <! ..* couimsndation and thn.ik*, the di*tiugui , *hed staff cer*,g iu rol and |K*im*!iid, who, m our lust op rations in front ot the enemy, accompanied ui.-,aiiJ couiimii - le ited orders to every point and through every danger. L eutenant colonel lluchcoek,acting inspector gem ml. major Turnbull n.id lieutenant liardcaatle, topographi es l engineers; major Kirby, c’.iiet paymastei , c.iptain Irwin, chief quaitermaster ; captain Gray on. cimi commissary; captain 11. L Scott, eimt in tue o.fuia. t general’s department; lieutenant Williams, ai.l-dc camp; lieuteuatit Lay, tmtnaiy secretury, aid maj J. I*. Gamas,Kentucky cavalry,volume 1 ad-de-cam,.. Cap'ain Lee, eng neer, so constantly distinguish and, als • bore important orders trom me (Sept. 13) until h • lamt ed from n wound and the loss ot two mg.its sleep at the I batteries Lieuts Beauie-u 1. Stevens and Tower,ill! wounded, were employed with the divisions, n.id lieuts t. \\ . MiiitliiiMl ti B At. t'lelian with tiiecompany ol aappersand mineia. Those live lieu*eiianu of engi neers, hke itkir captain, won the admiration ot ui! 1 bout mem. ‘J be ordnance otliceis, cupiHin tlug *r, Vutentinte liagner, Stone, and Reno, were highly el lertive.and dwninguished in the several Ik. times . and 1 must add that captain McKinstiy, assistant (juatter i.iaster.nt .ne close ol the ojM’iutitiiis. executed several n, portnut oonunissions 101 me ns asp nal volunteer. Surgeon Geiiertt. and the medical staff g. oeritJly, w 1 e skiiliil and untiring in and out 01 lire, 111 n.miateiingto the namerous wounded 1 o ilius> 1 ate th** operations in tins basin, I enclose two iNMiutilul under the dircciiotis ot iui..,of TuitihuU, tinauiy l r <nn ae'unl survey. I nave ti IhiiHm to Vi, fit, with h.gii r**spect, you. 111. vtobediei.t Servant, WINFIhLD SCOI T. IheJitU!. Wm Marcv, H xuetary of War. r i'li - Post Ollier* lr,n incut* FhtK'rnte efloitt serm to b • making to set up Cave Jo..iuonLi agr -an..an; dv iy of a e. General. Sme ot i.*f. nls claim the uicut lor h .oi hftvtog reduced the a must and -tiency of the de p irnt to forty tlou*>nnd dollar* only, during th • Inst y .1. Woniemo financier! Ou.y #4U,UIU mu us Id* r-* . ptsf If a cltf’ap postage rysteni list inerrared the revenue oi th* h partns'iit, as uige.ija to he irpretei ied.it is in s ;• t tiie jK.liey of the Piwtiiiastcr General, or any ot b employe)* ‘I lie b t ca I jutpeniary onhiscoudujt isa s meat oftlv simple fact, ihut during the last ynr t. 1 ned s unJ bundled* of Uulur‘*s Imv** taken piece, a 1 that he 1; been nentuhy rq tsldin/j with the con t ohks.nnd paring and /wu their allowances, In fact, if t ie department if in any degree prosperous, it is in sj te of tits efforts and blunders tending to Hie contrary Tti.airpanm nt ought tol* revoJtttuiiUs4#oinpl ts l). and we tru-t tliat Congress w{ll takß?’ n up. ‘1 h . igfsdi t. hgraploc system (4 the country ought to be •se> in. i wdh the f*(isi Oflijc Departutottt, and mad* a, Ua i huJ th* *anK'; and but feu the tolly and i mo* ra4:e teyave Johnson, who had the oiler made to him avi.‘ V *, tnc whola c arvt y would at thiad y t,t >ov .el wgh uHtgrupha* aailttic teve fks tnrvyattetji v h gHVyanlnpp *vf k *o u JOURNAL & MKSSKNGKU. 11 A C o \ . fit, WCDNKSDW, DEC. 1, 1847. POR PREfIIDEffT, GEN. ZACHARY TAYLOR. The Fort Valley Academies* We cannot deny ouraelvea the pleasure ol calling es pecial attention to the advertisement ot the Board t Trustees ot the above institutions ntid of saying to on friends in Houston and adjacent counties, that tli have now in prospect the establishment ot iiiPtiiutioi every way worthy o! their patronage and liocrnl u, port. Mi. Wise and hi* lady bring with them tcstim nials ol the highest order, in regard to their standm, as scholars and tcachci*. They have bad ample cxp< re iic* tn)ih at the north and ut the south; having during the ia u year taught with eminent succ •§ in the Fe male Department of Uhatlinm Academy in Savannah Mr. VV i*t, we have known personally trom boyhood and can salely commend lumas a gentleman ol plaiii f unassuming mnnneig; of hjhhlcss character and oi sound,substantial scholarship. There are few men.ol his years, tn hi know more, and pretend to less. We cannot but think that the Trnsteeaof the above semina ries have been exceedingly fortunate in procuring the ter vie sol ruch accompl.sued instructor*. It is a mat ter ot congra illation in many respects, but especially as their vill ige is destined in time to become a thriving and populous town. In lact.it is the only town ol any im portance which can spring up east of the Flint river me i lie ot trie dohlii Western Kail Road and it is the more desireable therefore that those who remove hither should find the means of preening, for their sons and (laughters, the iaemtiesut a substantial and ac complished education. Drtgnenian (Gallery* It w ill be seen by the advertisement of Mr. Caiey that he has taken the “Apollo Saloon” and fitteu it up a* a Daguem-an Gallery. Mr ( is well knows at the North mid in Savannah as one of the most successful Dngueireotypis.s in the country. Ii s instruments are o. the must ;.pp.>.ved kind, uno ht* n ever fnils in his •:11 .s nt ai..gi< ..kc,.c-.-v-e gioups. V\ e take pleasure in commending him to our citizens ns an artist who i* in every wr y reliable—as one who never slights hia work and who never imposes an in iHerein j picture upon Ins customers. The Necessity < 1 ll< rue 3ianufactures. \\ c c 1 1. tho tncl gyci.i. ii and to the mui.tier, c our i ei deis, the mi.aikt h e deveb jk rm i;t oi tacts coti tn ined in an nit.tie t< pitn n. m t .ht i to.t nn. ti.iit.to “ 7he nn ” eime ta ue of her Cotton Mni.uiactoiies to Great Luta.u “ ii wiunitU pen ot an chit coires poudtntol the -\uhotuil Intelugi i.cei —one who has Fad acres* to the pit pu it colds, and who speaks uc_ cording to the Bo< k. it show s: Ist. That Lug.,m.l pays America for raw Cotton, an-’ Unrly-Jite millions J dollars. 2d. Thai tin- pi.y- in c sis and clung s for the traits- ; poitanoo ol this C otton, (mostly to her own people) j something like three centspei pound, o i about d/.e thud ! ot its original cost. 3d. That, notwithstanding this outlaw, she (after fur nishing employment lor millions ol her operatives) ex po ts sixty-nine millions aoUars worth of manufactur ed poods, made trom tin cotton thus pi retired 4ui. liiat from the lesmue ol said cotton,she makes for home consumption, good- to the vuiue ot twenty sri t n million, five huuured thousand dollars! 5,n That her (imiiuhl national income, thus arising, from ilia portion of the Cotton crop which she receiver from this country, is nearly one hunndred millions oj , dollars ! N*e.i we remind the reader, that by a judicious sys tem of Home manufactures this money, nay much more : than this, could be saved. Fingland not only imports the raw material, hut the very food in part, upon which J hei operatives subsist. The difference m the pi ce ol labor in the two countries is, alter all, an insignificant , item compared with the difference in the price oi pro- j visions, and the costol the raw mateiiul. it the cotton now exported to England were manu factured at the South, one thud of its value, or between j ten and twelve millions, would be saved on transports- ; lion alone. This added to the ilumiied millions leal- ‘ iieu by Great Britain, would make that portmn of the crop now h> ut to England wortii to us, neatly one bun- i dred and fifteen millions, msi end oi, at at prisent, ihiriy- ! five millions! Is not this an item oi lumonui wealth, woitli the atieuticit of our capitalists ami our law-giv ers f li thi money, orevi n a moiety ol it, can be saved to our people by wise and libera! legislation,ougni it not to be done l That it can be done by a little temporary encourag**- nic it, is demonstrable. In South America, in the West indies, and the Dutch East India*, the TANARUS: gland Manufacturer* have already duven H eir Brit ish competitors neatly out ot ihe market. Even in th*- British possessions of the East India’s, this competition has become so string as to induce the government there to raise the duties upon American fabrics, to 20 jer* cent, w hile ih sc upon Biiti-h goods lunge from 5 to 7 percent. Yet, even with this difference, John Bull is trembling lest his Yankee competitor may ogam un flerseil him. If tiie North can do fins, i otwithatanding she pays nearly as mucti tor the ruw material as England, what 1 tire we to expect from a propel system ot nuuuuuciures j at the sottth, wnere labor is cheaper, piovisions at h&ii 1 price, the seasons longer, and the raw material so con- j vemeut, that the saving m iraiirpoitation alone, is , nearly equal to one hall the cost ot manufacturing the * goods l 11 the South isnuc to herst il.stic will n a lew yearsduve, not only Old Engiaud, hut New Fing iuttd, troiu the maikets ol the world. She huh a politi cal, as well as a ptcumary, incentive to embatk in manufactures, if she proponrs to retain li -r position ui Congit iM, sue must adopt those industrial puisuits wh'ch will give to her a dense rating jmpu atwn —and wiai wui mum th s letuil ..nu mo elfectuui iy as wane legal encouragement tow nU the uuiverwil esutwmuiiK. toi noiiiv luuiiUittClures ( Lu oar L gis iatci* answer. South Wes.eru .liitlicuil Circuit* Tiie Bill now befeire the Legislature providing u n change ot the tun* *< of holding the Supe.ior Uouits ill thu Several countusot the Wnsteru Cncilit pro po*. * that the m s.oun Im* held us oik>*s . L .mlv. Ith Monday ui February and Augu t Kanjolvh, l*t ** M M uch and September. Sc.sriLK, 31 “ “ Match and Septeui'.ier. Macon, 4th “ ** March and S ptember. Dooly, Ist m 44 April and Octidter. Lee, 2nd ‘* “ April and Ik’tolier. BaEIR 2nd M 44 May and November. DbcaTVX, 3d m ‘* May and November. I'reuUs of the scumi • The past aunt ner has been a mo*i remarkable one 1 In the apring and su..i.ner, we hud continuous heavy rain*. Since the middle ol September, until within u few day*, there hnn not been rain sufficient to lay the i duet, and there was t-cnic ly frost enough prior to last we. k to check vegetanon Lv n the butt tree* under this unnatural atale of things have bl<N>med atresli. ami in m ‘in* m-t. ice* neatly imtnred a second crop. Wild j Uh rry tree*, ou tae piennsesof one of tin* Editors of | this paper, produced un sbimdsnt crop, winch had si- { most ripened when cat off by the frost on the 26th ult. 1 On the 24th ult. we were presented hy Mr J. H. Sain -1 pees ot Crawmrd county, with a specimen ol apples* , andoi Bu'pW* “ Mogul Blums” oi *ee.std growth, winch ! w ere matured. The plumt* were of usual .ze and per fection, quite ripe and weie grown upon a tree which find produced finely in the early part ol tiie season. These thing* augur badly for the fruit crop next year. T ‘tin •m.” F. H* Senator, The CKniUnou f f GsteUi announce* the election of ! the lion John Bell to the United Htatcs ft mate from t.ic ol renneswe. We are t r uiy happy to leurn that ofter such a protracted atru rgle tn puty ehaulJ h.ve made so goo J a choice Many Wb.gs throug i out the country have 1 ok*d with fear an 1 appreh-nsio • to the result of a drflic ilty which was. to say th • least, scarcely credit able, to thoee angigcd in it. Mr L .\. -u gentleman of ability, a genume hig und well known as a distinguished member of the Cabinet of Pr i I *nt ilarrisru. Wonderful Ti’lng ,ih Improvements. ‘Hie Lin l m mg a tine of Science mites the Ebdnc Company have iiiv-nt'*d a mnc[ikfiwh(pr vi!| ►coiumuiiioate imellijpuoe siniuttaiieously to loiiie foity • or ii ty British cite erwoug tfem Livet|■ool.Cßnsg-iw A General Mnnufertaring Law. As there are many applications before the Legislature, for charters for M uni .coning purpo.A*s, w< take the liberty oi making a few brief suggestions, to those hav ing mat important subject und *r consideration. l iiat some legislation should be h id, of a nature to encourage tiie investment of capml.m tins panic ilai ciasaof industry, all will admit. That it should be t h character to protect the people as well as the Stock uideis equal.y Oar taw-givers should endeavor to avoid exircmcs—to be just us well as gen erous. ihe Manufacturers may ask for extraordinary privi leges and exemptions. They mu> ink * advantag e l tie change in popular sentiment, tavornblqt their new and en. eavor to ext ct Itotn the Legislature f jiivileges, which would make them monopolists indeed. Ju tiie other hand, there are hosts of D uiingogues, who ire always watching tor an opportunity to oppose every hug that is really c&lculnted to develop** the industrial i sources ol the country. It is the pari ot wise legisla tors, to lemeuiber tiiut the medium couise i** generally lu • safer one. li iqipenrs to us, that all the applicants for charters, ; th mid be required to lay before the Committee, on Mun i utile lures, i heir views and wishes, and that after mature , I deliberation, a general law should be framed under which any man, or all men, could associate lor Muim- f factuung put poses. Such a Bill would be free from all objections, on the ground ol exciusiveness or lav-r ----1 itism. It would open the door to the poor man, with his hundreds, as well as to the wealthy capitalist, with Ins thousands. It would not injure the planter, because it would withdraw capital and labor horn th.* production of cotton, and thereby increase the price. It would not i injure the farmer, because it would increase the number i~t A.iiiamn.*is und consequently the demand lor pro visions. lr would not injure the merchant, because it ■ 1 would enlarge the number and the means of his purcha- j seer. It could injure no one, because if the pursuit were j profitable, any man may successfully embark in it.pro vided he possesses, energy, honesty and industry. 1 Such a Bill should be so framed as to protect the creditors of the Companies formed under it. This could j lie done, by making tin* individual Stockholders liable, I until ad the Capital Muck has been, ia good faith, , paid in. A similar liability might be insisted where their 1 is a misapplication of the funds, or wnere the company -iiuld b come largely indebted to it* operatives ; or where the amount of indebtedness shall exceed say, 20, JU. or 50 per cey a . upon the Capital Stock paid in. M ah thdse and other reasonable and wholesome re- I strictious thrown around the subject, w e believe that the , Legislature might safely exempt from taxation, for a j lim ted period, all capital invested in any species of j Munulactures. Such an exemption would be no ulti ui.it:* loss to the Tieusur), because n would build up u ! new interest in ihe State, and develope wealth and re- ! sou. cos hitherto undreamed of. Let us look a little into the effect of these manufac turing establishments, in lostenng indusny, in giving employuiciii to the p *or, and in circulating money—a poitiou ol winch will fail to every man of enterprise in the community, where they are located. We have be | fore us soul* statistics of a single establishment located in Philadelphia county, engaged in dyeing and printing j cotton and woollen goods. We copy from the North i American, and V. S Gazette. “ Hands employed, males, 200 ; females, 20 —Goods produced annually; printed calicoes, 150,000 pieces . yarns and warps dyed, 600,000 pounds ; pieces dyed 20,000; assorted goods, finished from the loom, 20,000 puces ; value of calico, s produced, s4si) 000; of yarns and waips, $120,000; of dye pieces, $45,000; of as sorted goods, finished only, $40,000. This establishment uses two steam engines ol 80 horse power each, con suines ten tons of coal per day, and pays lor labor SSO,- j 000 per annum. Total income, as above, $655,u0U !’’ The amount of capital invested, is not stated, but we 1 venture to suy. that it is not greater than would be re quired in Georgia, to produce 2000 bales of cotton. Yet, who cannot calculate, und who is not startled with the difference in the results, not only upon the commu nity ai large, hut in dollars and cents! Hcie a* the true secret of the marked desparity between the nortn and the south It is not in our institutions, but muu pursuits. Is it not a subiect worthy the mature consid eration and action of oui luw-ini hers! Ought not oui thinking nun, cui monieu in*u, to examine st:id ly into tiles.- mutters and dueci their energies and cap ital accordingly l Cotton is now wortii say £25 pei j hale, and yet t costs nearly £f> per bale, 0r25 percent. I of its value to transport it to the Mills ol New England This advantage alone would be un immense pmfit t< 1 ihe Il< me Manufacturer. Oui labor is cheaper, ou provisions ait* cheaper, e'ery thing ( xc pt ent’igy and skill m the management of m chnk iy) is in our tu vor. All we want is a unlloim system—a general law . which will g.ve to tins branch of imiusny the preqx*. impulse. We want no extensive privileges. Nay, tncy may be limited both asm tune and extent, but let th .mpulse be given,t>nd ittilcune tiotii die Leg.slatui* whose shield a.id proticticn should he exienued to ad alike. We present these lew thoughts to the luembeis ot the pres ut Legislature, mid beg them to reflect upo.. them before they pass hastily upon individual cuarter*, w'iuch may be opposed, at l**asi with some show of rei* so.i, by honest, well meaning men, wuo have an uu - c nqucrable aveision toiiiouopoiies. The decline in Cotton. Twelve months ago the Democratic Tariff-that | “great measure ol deliverance und hbeity’—went into j operation. The planters were promised anadvunce in the price of cotton und a corresponding reduction ii> , bagging and staple goods generally. U hat ihe result | has been let the laise proph* is oi Democracy answer j Cottoii will now bring but httl * over hall the price it | then commanded, bagging has udvuiiced nearly 3t> per cent, and staple goods have risen in a corresponding proportion. Uh, the wisdom, the foresight mid the I nuns of Democracy ! In this state ol things we ask. 1 in ail soberness, how is the country to pay the enour mouft national debt now being incurred by th** “powers mat lei” Let the reader ponder upon the probable expenses of the war, us set forth in another column, and iben reflect upon the tulure prospects ol tiie nation it sadness, and bitter regrets do not yet sieze upon the people w<- -hull be must agreeably disappointed. Even l l tli** iirnket should react and prices again advance, it will be almost impossible to calculate the extent of the oases und the nuffi ring which must follow from the re cent decline in oui gre.it staple. That reaction will -i.oii take place we have Dot a doubt Cause*, which cannot tail to produce th.t result nre already in opeia non and the Gleets must loliow The pr.c<* i* now so neat ly and wn to the cost ol production that a still turth* •*r decline would drive capital into oilier channels of nive-nneiit. The stock on hand, in L.verpoid and the shipping putts, is lui slioit ol w hat it was nt the same jieuoU lust year. I hets und other causes will doubt less produce on advulice ill the price ot cotton, Uhie-f die lolly and extravagance of the government should induce a crisis in the money market and a general Ue- i invasion in the trade and business ol the nation. The DeNpatches. We conclude th.s week the publication of those *les patch*s, which we think are requisite to give a clear and connectad idea of the nc tit iqierutions in Mexico. The conquest has been etf. ct**l it appear*, with a little over fIUUU men They p**.. tian dto llte heart of u nation of flJUOOJlUfi—travelled over three hundred j iiulcs o a country which may b* termed one continu ous natural fortification, gnim-d seven ptch and battles, ; nguinst immense odds,and finally entered the capital, 1 containing a population of 2tK*,out. with fighting, and un army wmch n lew days Mott, numbered dn.dtm men strong! Buch achievements would be regarded with j interest, even if presetiteJ m tin* mt*f homely garb ! Gen. Sc Tt however, by his peculiarly felicitous style, | Uas invested the conquest utmost w ith tiie charm ol r.- maiiee. Speak.ng of these s ondeilul productions and their author, the New-Orlesna Oe la, of the 21th ult.* I y ,; ” I he letters of G*n Scott, exlvhit the literary abili ties ol that um* quailed soldier, in h more brilliant light i than any previous etumitions lr* nh * pen. bkdltui, | effect iv**, rapid and overwhelming, a* is sue strut.-gy of j tiie (ie.ieral.it does not *urpsss the vividm-a*and graph |ic power of hi* descriptions. We are at aI. *m winch to K Inure m the man, the Vigor ot h * sword o< In* p >n, j Kn * Iy do we find file Achilles and lioiner so InujiVy fouiinned, ns in Gen tteutt His cF i, rtpti*mßre c./iai to th- Ik i pict iresol Xenophi n or Thticyhdcs.< ffiCie •*n and Pulyl'u*. There is oopro yd g id, prbflUdn 1 emt, or technical of *, a.ity shout them. Tfi*w-4i n< vapnl boaei*i ig or unmanly exw.t mon in then style, n i jmy undue u-.Bu .pt.on *if glory or prqit n to tin* writer ind chief amor, iusti* ** str ely *:td fripvni.illy rfleh t*d out to all our brave ofh r* oi i t ihuted tu the giono a f ruit’ The liUrasy on tfilu ftpcciiii i oiTt*i>ondeiM!s MILLRDGEVILLS, Nov. 221.1817. Gentleman i > • nte, this morning, Vlr Wig gi h prtM miu*J .li ■ m*m >rial of the M iyr and Aid - men of Mac ‘ii in rel ition to connecting the U ul Roads wliich terminate nt Hint City—referred to the commit tee on internal Imp v n *jh Mr. Chastain Irani t;i * imno ity of the committee on Internal |.u,rov ment*. inn l** cqiort ngiirwt the ex 1, icy and ol ‘xtoptling the Wst rrn Alt luntic U til-Road m-youd Ddton. Mr Chastian intro In *• Ii Bill, to change the name , of the villag •of Cro*s PUins, in Murray county to that ol t ie City of Dillon, to *-xt *n I ii*li n t*. an I to point out the in >Je of electing the \1 iyor and Council. The Bill, t provide for the electio ol Comptroller General of this State by the people, wu* lost on its third re idin r,— Yeas 12—Nays, 27. The yeas are Messrs. I otl -e, Du agan, Duncan, Farris, Glenn Henderson, Hilliard, Hunter, Rnlord, Simmons,Stew art, Walters, 12. Nays —Messrs. Barclay. Boynton, Camp, Chastain, Clayton. Cochran, Collins, Forman, Fort, Ilalloway, Hunt, Irvin, B D Johns >:i, \V J Johnson, Little. Mc- Arthur McL-’od, Marks. Martin, Motitgoaiery, Parks, Smith, Terrell, Wales, W’.ggins, Williamson—27. Mr. Lawton was ex cased from voting on the passage j of the Bill. About two hours were consumed by lebating on the expediency and merits of this Bill. Mr. Terrell oppo sed its passage on the ground, that it was a had prece dent. Our Government was not, ‘an some had conten ded it was) a pur * D mi cracy, but it was a representa tive Democracy, wh*re the people ruled through theii j chosen representntiv •*, Szc See. Mr. Glenn r *pli -1, th it he was a strong advocate for j giving to the people the election ol their officers He fitted that that lb* Sl it * House Officers, were the Cab- j inet of the Governor, and consequently sliouid enter-! ‘ tain the same poli ical opinions, &c. Mr. Forman,stited., that lie would oppose the Bill -the , people did not weh th s power, and whenever they did, | they w*mt I then ii-truct their Representatives to pass a I Bill for that purpise. Mr. Simmons am followed in a very long and un j necessary speech. Gen. WilLamsin, being entitled to the floor, showed that the 811 was vry incomplete—it only provided for the election ol Comptroller, on ihe election day, and did not provide fir the manner in which said election should be ascertained, &c. Thus has perished one of the grand schemes of some of the present D. niocratic members of the Legislature— -1 a echein • winch uas every appearance ol being con | ceived in the veryworatoi demagogueism. The President (resented to the Senate, a communi cation from the Chief Engineer ol ihe Western &z At | lontic Rail-Ri.ad, with accompanying documents. | which were referred to the Committee on Internal Im provements. * In the House, Mr. Harris of Baldwin, introduced a Bill to annul and declare inoperative, all rules ot prac tice which have not been agreed upon and assented to, by the Judges in Com ntion. Mi. Holmes introduced a Bill to change the time of, holding the .Superior Court of Bibb county. On motion of Mr. Ti.t, the House took up a resolu tion, which was adopted, requesting the 8p;-nkei toap ! point a committee ol five, to be ms'ructed to report a Bill, regulating the lees of all Judicial and Executive officers of this State, tog liter with the fees for print ing and publishing s c!t proce ses and mutters as are required by law to be published in u wspupers. The House to. k up the r* port on the Bill, to exempt all persons of the age ol forty-five and upwards, from pi.y.nent ot poll tax—on motion, th* same was referred to the Cotnmitl- e on F’niance. Tne Speaker pieseuted to the House, a communica tion from the v ine! Engineer of the Western and At lantic Rail Road, wi;h accompanying documents, which on niouon, were ordered to u* on the table lor the present. Mr. Atkinson introduced a bill to amend the net, in corporating the Macon &. Western Rail-Road, and to repeal certain acts therein menu* ned. Mr. Hauls ot Claik, laid upon the table n resolution requiring llis Excellency the Governor to draw his wurruiit upon the ‘i n usuiy in isvoi ol the Hon. Jo seph H Lumpkin, the lion. Hiram Warner, and the Hon. Lu ‘emus A N.sU-t, rath tor the sum of $356 72,being theuue pi*; * ilions of their saiaries as Judges oi the .Sup*eui ■C* t..t of Geoig.a, hom the Ist day ot Nov. the beginning oi the fiscal year iBS, up to the 24th December, tii. y huv.ng heietoioie drawn their pay from the latter date. Mi. Jenkins the Speaker, who has been absent for the past week, appealed and occupied the Chair this morning. Yoms. tiuty, S. MILLfcIDGi.VILLE,23J Nov 1817 Gentlemen. — T e Senate reiused to reconsider so much of yesteruay’s Journal as relates to the rejection o. me bill giving i:ie election ot Comptroller General ol” tins slate to the people by u vote of Yeas, ii—Nays,27. Mi W iggms introduced a bib authorizing Hie consuuc tionofthe Magnetic Telegraph ihiough Georgia and providing tor its protectior.. Mr. Barclay reported a bill to regulate the issuing of Cn Sa’s, and to define the duty ot ofl.ceis in relation thereto. The Senate took up the report of the committee of the whole, the b li to limit the lien of Judgments hereto fore entered on personal or real piopetty in the ‘*osses sion of purchasers fora valuable consideration, and to exempt trom levy and sale under execution, personal property in the possession of bona fide puichasers with out actual notice o! existing Judgments, and to limit the iten ol Judgments on leal piopertyand to provide for the extension of lire same on certain considerations — which was lost. A message was received from liis Excellency the Governor, by Mr Smith his Secretary, informing the j Senate that he had assented to and signed a preamble and resolutions, relative to the construction ol a Kail Rond across the continent ol North America. Several bills were read a second tune this morning. In the House, n motion was made to reconsider so much ol yt Sunday's Journal as relates to the adoption ol the Seuate’s resolution authorizing the Governor to purehase 150 copies ol *‘\Vlute’s Statistical History ol Georgia” which did not prevail—vote ol Yeas, 5‘J — Nays .63. Some discussion arose on this motion, ami it was | made apparent that some members are quite willing to j spend the people*§ Money by introducing resolutions relative to our nationsl affairs for the purpose ol hear ing themselves talk, but vigilant guardian.* oitlie Tieas | ury as they are, they will not vote for an appropriation ol the ptiuul sum ol #uso to diti'usc uscml knowledge snioiig the people ol the Suite. The report ol the Chi f Engineer of the Western & ! Atlantic Kail Road was luid on the table tor further 1 consideration. \lr Nislwt offered the following resolutions which were unniiitiiously adopted Retailed, Th.it the noble and chivulr.c t* tiring ot j C'npi Isaac Holmes s* an officer in the Georgia K< gi j uietn under couniiandot Gol Henry R. Jackson tti Meg- • . ico, Ins untiring devotion to the discipline ol the Reg inient and Insloity patriotism winch caused him to lose t li.s valuable ble m die m iv.c ol Ins ( ouiidy, coininumi , the admiration and grntciul remembrances ol this Gen* . eml Assembly And Ik? it .urtlii He Molted, Tint this general aimciil* bly deeply condole wad the W.dow and eliildren ol Capt. Uoinies and that the Cn ik ol tbs Hons, lunuHi ! her with a copy ol tlic*c resolutions. The bill to incorporate tue Columbus Fnctmy Com pany, was referred to the commute - on manuluctutes. Tim* lull to grant the same pnvih g sto the Floyd • Rifle* ns arecn,oyed by tltcoibei volume*. c psoi the city ol Mucvit, Was mid me ind tune and passed. The House took up the report to irtcoiporate the 1 West Point Rail Ro.nl company and to furnish those who may w .Unity injure the wum* and on motion that tog thei w.th ail bills oi a similar nature w. .e made the special order ol the day lor Thursday week. You is truly, 9. MILLEDOEViLLE, Nov. ttftli, ISI7. Gentlemen .-—/•• the Senate, Mr Cliisuiu moved u reconsider the vole ol ytsieid. )on lb* ii. . to built die < levy on judgments &c. agieed to, wsfi, Nijs 11. j and the Hni was referred to a select enimutee, c m- , Misting ot M‘■ -mit> (. Iris; stu, Wimamson, Uarciay, K esc mid Eiwtou Mr. Terrell, reported a Bill for the protection and preen vativift of the nfftits of Manic l Women, and to provide a imly’loi the fee v ry and wile ot tb i p operty in c rt.iin e iw-j and the lU-fotit .• and preset u lion <>i suns in rrlsp'* ol th | abov • n . were ofi rrti lobe printed- Tii* Lilil to pretrribc fo*w the hws*ml t**l it,mis m ‘ HhU dm -duff! be c pafCil. j The Bid to nwsmioc jbe t me, pfoc • mid ttnnner oh] Leave o) temporary übfeneewas granted to Merer* 1 R iitord, and Boynton. The Senate adjourn -1 until Friday morning; V . dock, to-ni >rrow b Mug set apart ns a Iny of Thank I 4 vim aid pray *r. 1 learn that “ Mr. Duuagau’sres* iiiii *ns” will !>'• brought up o i Friday. In the House, Mr. K nnon from the committee on tli * Judiciary, to whom was reterre ! the Bill to simplify an j curtail pleadings at law. and regulate admission >t , lee Is ami muniments ol title ns evidence in certa n j eases, and settle Hi • ights of pn s alter eviction, unu ! dter recovery in claim c ises, reported the Bill, and r - j commended ns fivorable consideration and passage, by the House. Mr Tift, introduced a Bill to provide for improving the navigation of th? Flint river, by means of the credit of the State, and to provide for the payment of the prin -1 cipal, without loss to the State. Mr. Barratte, presented the memorial of sundry cit izens of Camden county, praying the enactment of a law, more effe •tually to protect those embarked in the “ Turpentine Business,” referred to a special Coin nvttee. Mr. Shockley, moved to suspend the order of the day, and lake up the following resolutions, viz : in view of bringing to a close with as little delay as , possible, the unsettled business of the Central Bank g Be it there fore Resolved, That the Director of the ! Central Bank at hiseailiest convenience, communicate ! to this House the nature and extent of the unsettled bu | siness ol the Bank. That said Director furnish the 1 names of each Attorney in default, in the settlement of 1 his account in the Bank, and the cause of their remain j mg so long unsettled, together >\ ith the amount claimed | by said Bank, to be due from sai < Attorney. And be it further Resolved, That the said Director inform th s House, the nature and extent of any service i now performed by the Bank, that might not with pro s’ priety he turned over to one of the other officers with ■ out injury to th** Fubl c interest. And be it further Resolved, That the said Director : communicate any further information that will in his 1 opinion tend to accomplish the object aforesaid. it must be conceded by every lover of good manage- J | mem, that the above resolutions are of the right stamp. 1 The people can sec, that it is the object of the Whigs to , cany out the economical example, set us by Gov. Craw- j lord, and to bring toa close the arduous duties imposed upon the late administration through, and by the mis- | management, and profligacy of the Democracv. Mr. liardc-ii laid upon the table, the memorial of Ker j Boyce, ol C harleston, and Ins asociates, for a charter to 1 construct a Raii-Road, from a point on the Savannah . River to the Central Rail-Road, and also to Augusta, which was referred to the Committee on Agriculture | and Internal Improvements. ‘Fins is rather a modest movement on the part of cer ta n interests in Carolina, to make the i rhole State of Georgia tributaiy to Charleston. 1 trust the result will be a rebuke, worthy the dignity and independence of our . late. Carolina arrogance seems to know no reasona ble limits, and it is well nigh time that it should receive an effectual check, and 1 am happy to say, that the j “ signs of the times are propitious.” Mr. Jones, of Paulding, intr< duced the follow ing res- ! oiutioti— Resolved, That in appointing James S. Calhoun, Lieutenant Colonel, to command the Georgia butta.- hon of mounted men, and in app. mting Isaac G. Sermour, Lieutenant Colonel, to command the baital lion ol Georgia volunteer Infantry, his lute Excellency, George W. Ciowford, without any necessity, acted contraiy to usage and law,and in violation of the rights ot the citizen soldiers, who had volunteered in the ser vice of their country. ‘Phis attempt made to censure a faithful, high-mind'd and able public nicer, 1 do not think will meet even with the approbation of each and every member in the Legislature ol Mr. Jones party. Mr Bartow, introduced the loliowing: Whereat, Capt. J'*iah ‘Fatttii.il of the United States Navy, a native of the State of Georgia, has greatly dis tinguished himself in eveiy portion of his professional career, and has illustr ted the State which gave him birth, by uniiortn devotion and bravery m th* service of that gallant arm ol the national defence, and more re cently at the seige mml bombardment of Vera Cruz, as commander oi the “ Musqnito Fleet,” signalized him self by the most noble and heroic conduct, and added new laurels to his service, and greatly honored Georgia : Therejoie, be it unanimously Resolved, by the Sen ate and House oj Representative* of the State oi Georgia, in G ueral Assembly met, That his Excel lency the Governor cause tube pi< cured an elegnn sword,suitable tonn officer of Ins rank, to be inscribed with pioper devices, and present the same to Capt. Tat nall in the name of the State, together with a copy of these resolutions. Mr. Gartrell offered the following among other reso lutions, which were icieired to the Committee on the Slate ol tin K public. Resolved, by the Senate and House of Represnta tives o) tne Slate oj Georgia, to General Assembly con vened, That the resolutions emulating from that Illus trious Sian sinae the Honorable Henry Clsy, in re er ence to tne existing War with Mexico, are hereby adopted as expressive ol the true sentiments and views ol tins General Assembly. And belt Jurther Resolved, That the principals of tie“Wiimof proviso” are obviously at variance with the Constitution of the United States, violutrve of the rights of the Southern States, and detrimental to the dearest interest ot the whole country, and while we solemnly declare that upon this subject, there is no di vision ol option among parties at the South, and that ail are unite ® the firm determination to upho>d and protect its dearest interests and honor—y* t, as Patriots, and lovers of the Union, we are opposed to the pi use - cution of the existing War with Mexico, with any vie vs to the dismemberment of that Republic, or the acquisi tion by conquest of any port ion of her territory. Resolved unanimously, Thu the thanks of the whole American people are eminently due to our brave offi cers and soldiers in Mexico, for their patriotic and in domitable bravery in hearing aloft in triumph, the stand ard of their country. The House adjourned until Friday morning lOo’clock. Yours, truly, S. MILLEDGLTILLK.Nov 26th, 1817. Gentlemen /—This being the day for the considera tion ot Mr. Dunagans Resolutions on national af firm-, Mr. Williamson the Chairman of the Committee on the State ol tfie Republic, in accordance with the wishes of a majority of the committee, presented a re port and resolutions on the subject of (he \\ ilmot Pro vis*) Tliis report too, was in obedience to the instruc tions of tlie Senate, under tin* resolution of Mr. For man, a Democrat. The repoit distinctly declines that a.* there may be u difference of opinion in regard to the acquisition f territory, and as it is desirable that llie people of Georgia should present un unbroken front, oil the subject of the Proviso, the ultimau? object of winch is, die Abolition oi Sluvery, therefore, it his been thought bet to present that isolated question to the Senate. To the report ate uppended the following resolutions, viz : Resolved, That th** Government of the United States i has tiu control over the institution of Slavery, and that I in taking or attempting to take any such control, it transcends the limits of its legitimate functions Hr it further Resolved, tuat any territory acquired i by die aims of the United States, or by treaty with a foreign power, bee* m s the common property of the several States conqiosiiig this confederacy, and whilst it so continues, it is the right ot each citizen, of each and every State, to reside with Ins property of eveiy de scription within such territory. R* mitred further, That it is the duty ofev* ry man, in eveiy* dual of this confederacy, if the Cnion he dear to In ut, to oppose die passage ol ai ymw ot resolution ot Uong.e-s, by winch nurd >ty acquired may be sunjccted to any restriction against Snively. And be tt further tiesi ted, Tint his Excellency tlie Governor ol tins Stale, cause s copy <>t die loi♦■go ing prcainoie find it-soianoii* to be iorw.irded to each i oi on, Senators and K preseutunv •' hi Congi.-ss; also to the Uovemoi oi eacn State in I tie Union. ‘Fins punn, un* qutti Vocal language did not suit the puiiizuii puip'>scsui me U mocidcy , so n*ey pn sound mrougfi Mr L iwto i, a m nor. v report, m wmch they i Ciaiumi in ‘,,. *. ivi s in lav oi of me n ipitsilion at tcrittu y uiiJ dictsrc that it m, “bin advancing towi.4* die *n si my w m* h t.wa.ts on gU iiousuiii* ii” drc. dtc. ‘Flu* ies iUnons vary, but l.ttie on other points per* ups Uie D .iiocmey oi Georgia arc not luiiy aware, mat by ‘iK-uimug tfu* position they a. * playing dimly into tu • liamis oi Hie W'nmnt in *n. ‘i ney too are “gran.i j e<.i.iy lin n ; tin ymo are til iavor of “ucquis.Uoii ol i cnitory” because they, know and Jeelthot they hnn i-e strength larxe u*ie ulaoery jrom it jot ever, li it i *r tins p l.pus * alone, mat m y iavor die acquisition j ’ ll- y eveu imw boast, tii.xt they ore rrsoiv Ito muU l tli t me, an I dm Urey hi’'Mid loose tin* presetn ten [mg *u i.iyur of territorial Iw g rt **Wb*c incut in order u> li die Semite, are m iavor of mixing up this question op ’ iv iy not only with flint of territory, but with th whol - b itch ot political issu s now beloie the count ilence th v endeavored to postpone both the repot •111*1 io tuk • ip the sti iug of piit,cal r< solutions, off ed by M D ingun. Anxious ns they had seemed lie to get up the Wilmot Proviso, it now clearly pp ed that th y were struggling not lo th • >otidi or h* ustitut ons, hut tor th • poor, p iltry, ignohl* pu po pnrty ascendancy. They even opposed the motion t do* up t!u* reports, and it finally prevailed,by ast.. party vote, viz: Yf.a*-—Boynton, Clayton, Collins, Holloway,B. I JohiiHiui,L.tde, McCaiter, AicL“od, Ma ks, Muxw , Moore, .Vlontgouiery, Pinks, Reese,Stmth, Snider, sch. pie ton, 1 e i nil, Wales, Williiiiuson, Vv niingh.mi— Navs—ott.clny, Camp, Chastain, Cochran, cutlet Dunagun,Daucau,Farits,Foinuiti,F*>rt, Gh n, Hende - son. Uilhurd, Hunt, Hunter, Irwin, Lawton, Sininioi..- Waters, and Wiggins—*^o. Failing in this motion they next moved to post pom I nnu print. This was also vole I down y *as 21 nays 22. ! Ihe vole stoo l precisely as the above except thut Mi Stewart, Democrat, was present an i voted with Ins party. The entire morning was consumed in the diascussioti of motions o/a similar cuaracter, all pointing towards a postponement oi action—-and all decided by a strict party vote, viz 21 to 22. Finally the senate adjourned un til tomorrow. The object of the Deim c.acy was to post pone the vote knowing that Mr. McL od a wiiig senato< would be compelled to leave on account of severe indispo sition in bis faintly. In the House— Mr. if arris of Clark introduced a bill to abolish the allowance ot Tare on bales ot Cotton. Mr. Mclntosh, a bill to incorporate the Broad river manufacturing company in Elbert Cos. vir. Philips, i bill to incorporate the Clarksville and Athens itail Road Company. Mr. Spear,n bill to incorporate the Commissioners of the Poor School lund in the several counties in this j State, to pay out of said fund arreages due tor teaching the | children from the year Ih3‘J to the year 1817. Mr. Harden, presented the following resolution which was agreed to. Resolved, That the Committee on Finance examine into the condition of the Ontral Bank, its account current with the State, the amount of its original cupi i tal, ot what it consisted, and how and when the same | was increaced ; its profits and losses—to what the profits have been applied—what portion of its stock has been wasted, if any,—what are its present aspects, and what provision the State will have to make to meet its iiabil , ities, and report to this House without delay. The hills giving to the people the election of Judges ! of the Supreme Court and Comptroller General, and Judges of the Superior Courts, were referred to a special committee, consisting ot Messrs, Jackson, of Walton, Harden and Lewis. Yours truly, s. Atlanta Convention* The Convention was organized by appointing the j lion William Ezzard President, Joseph S. Fay and i O. R. Hanleiter Seaetaries. The following delegates were p.esent. From North Carolina Alexander Mcßae and Henry Nutt, Esqs. From South Carolina —James Gadsden. J. R. Math ews, Joel Adams, Ons Mills, J. G Holmes, O J Dob son, f'l homas Kerr. From Tennessee —F A. Parham, W. B Deery G. M. Rogers, Dr. Chester, Mr. Lenoir. From Georgia. —K. R. Cuyler, President Central R. R Cos. Dam* 1 Tvler, Piesh.em M. & W. R R. to- J. P King, President Georgia R R. Cos. From Savannah M Hall McAllister, A R Law ton, Joseph L L eke, Joseph S Fay, Octavus Cohen, H. li; gliam.D r Halsey, J V\ ashbum. From Augusta M M Dye, C. B Hilt. John Da vidson, G. f Parish, W. W. Holt, J. W. Fleming. From Macon. —lsaac Scott, J. Cowles, C J. McDonald, Sunn Row . From Marietta —Col Dcvid Irwin, N B Greene, L?q., Col. N B. Nnight, John S. Andcison, Esq , John M. Eilge, i ,s*i. From Decatur ,—William Ezzard, James M. Cal houn . From Atlanta. —G. G Smith, C F. M. Garnett, J Noicross, B. F. Bi iiiai, John Collier, James Lloyd. From Cobb County —James S. Bulloch. From Clarke County — C Peoples. Lett! rs were read Horn the Hoti Jno. McPherson Berrien and Ex-Goveiiior Crawford. On m0,,0n oi M. Han McAhisb r, a eonuni't'c of s<*ven were appointed to report upon the internal im provements ot Georgia. That committee consisted of Messrs McAllister ot Savannah, Hon. W. W. Holt of Augusta, J S. Bulloch ol Cobb, C. Peep ea of Clarke, Isaac Scott ot Macon, John P. King President G''oigia R R. Company,and K R Cuyh i Piewdeut Central K R Company, and subsequently submitted thiough Mr. McAllister the loliowing Repoit and resolutions which were read and unanimously adopted : REPORT. The Committee to whom was referred the duty of making a repoit upon the subject ot Internal Improve ments in the Slate ot Georgia os connected with the communication between the West and the South At lantic Coi.st, submit the follow mg report: To develop the resources of that portion of the coun try we inhuh —.o add the iaciiiiie* ol art to the bless,ngs ot natun —to improve the bounties ot Heaven by the enterpuse and labor ot man, is an object which com mends use it, not vnly to our interests and patriotism, ( but even to our gratitude to Him who has been pleased lo cast our lot in pleasant places. The partial accom plishment ot such un object is the design ot the present Convention. l;s more immediate aim being to im- I press upon the public mind the importance of connect- i ing the West with the South Atlantic Coast, it may not be inapprop.iate to recur to the action of the past upon ; tins subject To connect the grnmeries of the West w ith the ports of the Atlantic, has been for years the object of every great Slate of our Union. The Empire State led the way—the old Keystone State has scaled \ the Allegany— Vfanachusetts has extended her arm— j Virginia and Marylund are urging onward their gigan- ! tic works—South Carolina has made a great, but unlor- I tunutely, an unsuccessful effort, by means of her Charles, ton and Cincinnati Railroad, and our own Georgia bus entered the arena of State competition for the trade ol the West. Thus each State has endeavored, or is en- ! deavoring, to fertilise her own territory by the deposit of that mighty current which, iti passing through, is to enrich it. It may not be foreign to the occasion to recur to the origin and progress ot Internal Improvement in the State ot Georgia. On the 4th of July. 1836, a Conven tion assembled at Knoxville, Tennessee, having lor its object a connect ion between the West and the ‘outh ern Atlantic Coast, deteiniined on the gigantic plan ol connecting the Cities of Charleston and Cincinnati by means of a Railroad. In such an eniei prim*, praise worthy ns it was, the State ol (ieorgia could liHve little direct interest , her a- legates in the Convention, there fore, h< Ida a meeting in the City of Knoxville, and de- j lertiiined upon the cull of a C onvention to In* held at Macon, in t ,is State, ** hose deliberations might ungul ate a plan which, while it would uilbrd an outlet to the productions of the West, would rewound to the pros perity of their State. ‘File Convention, composed of representatives from every section of the Stute, wus held subsequently nt Macon, and the present plan of In ternal Improvement as now neurly completed wus re- ! commended to tin 1 Legislature <>i this State who adopt ed fully. This plan was as grand in its outlines as it i was pv’iiecl in us details. An nt nine oi its own was tube constructed by the State from her coniines, bor dering on the mountains, to this plac *, to be continued j hence by individual enterprise, by the way of Macon to ! Savannah, while by a line ol Kadioad diverging hum j this point mid pn.-N.ng across die Suite to Augu.ua, at the bead ol navigation on the Savannah rivei, the pie- , i ducts of the \V *t might fi xl another outlet to tlx* ocean. By the execution of tins p.uu n was intended that da State ot Georgia ahoutd ivu.l Ik iseU ofieT ;; ■> graphical position, wh.le at (he same time two putts m the Atlantic were to he ( pelted to tin* Wt st those o ; ChmleMon mid Suvatin ill ‘l li c .pnbiuues ol th. tom nr have been emb >died m an*iahorute report made to a Convention recent > u* I*l ut Knoxville, T< uiieiss■•*. Aew rrni-uks in reiut.oii to those oi the tnttei may not. then-tore, Im* deemed iliappropiute. ‘File City oi Savanna i.wikin population of about 15,- iKK), is distant, according to die c airs.* or mnti’Jsitiea , the river, 17 miles Irwin the ocean. Her hariior iat til limesaceessdle tot m> ichant vesselsotth target* s A run of from two to throe boms will carry u ve*e* from In r w!riiv**s to s*-n —Steam Ikiuis leave In r* dm y lor th- North—tri-weikiy lor tin* South ; soiiich vsii * i lislif I I.M claim !u te con (ierrj , np rcapabiliiif, , •y wlmmicJ by u:i alius,im tll w)l il ‘ die puriHMc ot elkci.nu a coin ,j *', soltn.i.l ili,. W.w and North. With *' ><• ‘C.l.ii.!. m ilie s.s||,’, iK| ’ ‘ i HlmcM .ii oi dm L'vmrm Kiiilioini, <A”" 11 , an I hcrcitia.ii* of iipwmils ‘ 1 < •u comp toil tlnougiiou, us \n,U c t . uo ' 3 “•i .h.’t.uyof Mil, on, Witlnn a j,’ - .1 Kt.IKA, tins been ra, v.l i y a p..i1,..,, Oijiiui'tion w nil certain uuUviduul* U i \ ‘ .* >’> operations at in rally psriinl ,* K r ” 1 .Itrectly ami n gut irly b iw vn |,, ra ,‘ 1 Guy. u 11 i.., ■■ ll C< lime have deemed those „ t ;ev.int, bin iniiiniilely connected they have hud und> i cotietderaiion In k "‘ hy Uiiilwny, winch involve*so niuch^' h ’ is .mpoitani to shew, that the route , MilJ ed 111 ihecoimnumoHtiuns It will efleci iiej” ‘ ’ ‘ that the polls on the Atlantic aflurdii'l, •he prodncluins, not only ol lie- interior uiT ‘ “ f to those ol the valley ol the Tennessee la view ol the loiegon!*consideration, VIW( . lee cannot bill lo urge eaimsuy upon you , legislature of th ir State, the tniportwice’^ : prosecution ol the Stute woik n, a sjsrjy ( Such a course is demanded, alike by ihe the past and the interests of the present eight miles of Railroad, from Oiilton to “c'li’ are all that are required to l- >, ||, order J l ’"I'’ 1 '’ tile plan originally comeinplated. The cup* migbly column can be lilted at an mg 37f>,lKKt, In view of the great icsulis arise I rum the consummation of this w„ r k, a „j ‘ nection with the interior of T.*nneN*e hy a | - 1 which your Committee believe will be com;C. I the enterprising citizens ol that State, the hope 5 ‘ ished that the Legislature ot Georgia w,|| „ ( ,th complete a structure which is almost finished ‘ In connection with this subject, your Comms^j it not inappropria e to refer to a inoveme i I made, having for its object a junction between 11*1*. ! gin and South Carolina Railroads, at Augusta orm I neighborhood, by crossing the Savannah River’ To’ I feet, for the prosperity of her borders, what her s I States, each for herself has endeavored t., ICCOI . , Georgia has already constructed Railroads w^ l verse her territory for a distance of GOO miles, penditure of Twelve Millions of D*)llais .aiui vl w * 1 I passing strange if her people should ever consnit 10, bondon the fruits of their labor, enterprise a id nt .j If treasure has been expended and the bnnheisdtyl ti*>n imposed upon, and borne hy her people,to the State of (ieorgia into a mere watering stumS tween adjoining States then, in the opinion of wj Committee, it had l>een far better had the puliitoftl the State never been incurred, nor taxes her people. When, your Committee would ask. ini history of this Confederacy, nay of the world has i; .1 hap|M*ned that a State, having a seaport of her oh taxed herpvoplcand lavished her treasure tohtiidafl ues through which oer trade in.ght pass for the of others ? An ordinary attention to our own demands that (ieoigia should not In* the first to |>q!*l cours*’ s* suindal. We have a seaport of our own r, already pays oue-elcvetithofthe whole tax - | besides upwards of S7,<HK) Bank tax. The couan through which the Central Rniliond, in which :ha"j 1 s imine li.itely interested, passes, themselv*”* • one-twelfth *<t these taxes, and it is evident, that a*a se port increases ir p- pulr*tion and r* sourer?, and j property ot these counties appreciates in value,ih** 3 portion of x**s paid hy th.-in into the public Trv must In* greatly enhanced. Apart from every corsw ation of what is due to our nterests, in the opinwi y>ur 1 1 ‘ii iii 1 n *■. the plighted faith est In* State pata the IjCgislnture of fcore’s f*'>m ev:-r giving wsir4 to the in* vement to which your Committee hav -s ed —Upon the taith t the ougi al plan ot lntenri provements recommended hy the Mucon Coev J .md adopted by the Legislature ot 1h36, and nnxl adherence to it by the State, her citizens hav -v I millions of dollars in Radroads At thot tin* I ; o. a ‘unction between the Geoigia and South U I j Railroads was not ven sugg* st* and and t w. ui iwi I ) con dude that up winds ,>! UO.OOO would not wl I been expended lor the pui pore o• creating a tine and J | niunc.it.on be twee n ivuo.iah and th Btat-kii)il the idea 01 dir* cm g ihe trade ot Geoigiauut ottr I its hy tiie ni .ins low pteposeu wl -en n.c..p'iikj ill thera.g.na plan I Your Committee have dwelt upon this point, V.,-1 mg it one worthy of the cousideiation of evuy 1 J of our State. B In the lurtlier performance of the duty cnufiM j I them, y>ui Uoniiiuttee w* uld state that then* isa;eti4 ; tCnhoad enterprise, c aiming ihe attention • ft!^pJ of Georgia, which is intimately conm cted wvfh th* -0 |ect **l coimiiui) cation etween the great W sian.j cites.-i rfovannan an i Uhuh*stun. Tfiy in**nhi road from the city of Macon, thiough South Geoigia, towaids th* t* wn ot Peiisacu<ti,in ida, No waeie in om c*uiit.y .s t*> l 'found a i>£ I the same n*ea so advantage.<uslysituated, lx.ih r I tion to soil and cnniaie, lot the cultivation ot th. st <p *-, l oiioti, as that lietween m Oci:iuig'eaiuuß lahoochee Rivers, and extending *N*t*-w Maconaal(B hunt.us to the Florida Line. A Railroad which velop that legion, will bring vusi benefits, uvt om*® I the State of Geoigia, but also to the grain-gruvinj ■ gions of tile West. f It view of the importance of this Road and tkfti inducement itaffoids to the invesinien: ofcipiwi. ! Comm 11 tee express (lie hop** that the eaterprisr uidfl j cit zeiis ofG ’orgta will insure its completion it ly day. When it shall h iv* been budt, uerf*iire | openeil to the |x*ople ot Cherokee, East I V'lrifinta the most rapid hue of travel to lire city 0. Orleans. The way will then be periect ux# ( Mountain regions, throrgh Georgia, ootu to Aatj i tic and the Guit of Mexico. When this road*iH' l3 i j been constructed, and our State Road finished, (<■ will hive been secured lo the Stale of Gesrga. m 1 within five years Iron tins dy prH-emiiie i road faciluesover all her sister Biat<*s. YourOo n n.ttee conclude, therefore, by sa'jiiu# I for adoption the following re olutions: Resolved, That In the opinion ot this ConwfWV 1 speedy completion of the .Statu K lilroad, from IkJ j Cliatta nooga, ia demanded by the o digiumw 01 j past and the heat interests ol the State R*<o!r* l, That n jnnetion of the S-mth F (ieorgia Railroad*, by crossing the Savannah B boundary of the two Stales, is forbidden by J |Kr | gard to the interest, as well as the plighted honors I | State, I 1 A conimitte of two from each state, viz .1 F King and C. J. McDonald —South Cer^" 1 ’ I 1 Gadsden and Joel Adams— North Carohntsf^' 1 Rae and If. nry Nutt— Tennessee F A Paihao* W. B. I>*rny— was appointed to report up*> eral subjecta ol internal improvements as eoWW ’ by tin* Knoxville Convention That coniim ,,ff j ex-Goveruor McDonald submitted the loliownfl wnsunaniiniouely adopted: REPORT. ,J Tin* Committee l the neveiai State* ,J thin ( invention h*ve con<*itkreil the thi'in, miilri'poit ilmi tho groat work* 1,1 lm “* J liiuvcinoiit undcrtirkoii 1) tho Htaicaundhy tl . j xim* ouiiipniiie*, though oniiiitructnd *•’ v * |x-iihc, hogill to n-aiMi* till* hripca ollln***^,, [ 111 inir invriniiii mom linn.. mid t*ntiy d |r ' r 11 j 1 In- v. I lull’ Agricultural oocliutia winch th*y I* gj | Aw lli< y mooxtoiidoil,ihodvuiitagotnlh<' c ’”n |J 1 | mid iilnnt.iij inter. ala .if i.iore.ia and, “"'l l ” | l lt. j.mpi ntori, mo ciihnrccd. O* nil t*' c ‘ | liilhorit.ini loiii,kon tlioy legurdth with a rtowul mailing ino lind* . tin’ ‘ I Icily ill’ must lino rowing to Burton uKd *** I ngticuliure midoenmirirc. Wh. nit *'*'’ |,,0 tod tu it* orgmul domination un tho l*” nll r ji no vii*i |i i.iuolo 111 Iho oi unity winch al at#* | tnl.utniy n* it, ctiuiinl ml to create • ni Aumit ciHiitii crjunl tu tho*’ o! ® and Nr w V..,k Nr hill’ |> ivu 0 ci'P ... cniiipk n and thou win lon. itud.'i tho plight > 111 u. ihcfctaur llmt till wuik nli ih l’ c ’ *• ,< ill bi-cunor|ioiid.iigi> lMi.oh't*>li Wt !w , i * JI *,iil, Ui the uMiaUucuuii us uilnr w'it il( |, 1’ Lr.iig 1110 i'hh.ui t uud counticrei’ 01 1,,u ’’ jiniiiu** In* wink, ’IVy cannotlt hcli vi 1 11 B n,i A** now i*jh kou l will h w „i 1* r 11 nor wurknmionduig ovoti t'tli” 1 0 ih-o* I,*, tod unit o.l,lotiuoi’ il 1 1,in, n*l 1,111 ~ r i‘ y,,.„ t iiinill.ttco mtmi.lt Imi regro’ dwt** (> ( 1,111 mI ii.ni tho n*.,t ul U-orgi'i. uniy ‘ dI.I “I Tonic—on. W *<#** “” I j I • .. ii.vinol. 1 * , „ mil imrtoi tin* WoWJni uitt AI , -‘ ,, “ „ t* tatijfJ vioinl* k> yu.id the iuliitnul t |f 1 -