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15V S. ROSE & CO. s , T. niAPHAM & S. ROND. editors. TERMS. Thi” Georgia Journal \ Messenger is pahlished eve r . v\>,|ii(*liiy morning in the city of Vlncon.nt tlie following REDUCED RATE s If paid strictly in advance, per year jr2 50 if not paid in advance 3 00 If no! paid till the end of the year 4 00 The above terms will be rigidly enforced, without re -110 .arsons, as the object of the I’uhlishen* is to do SiUis# ns nearly no possible upon the cash principle— •.referring that their subscribers should reap the profits which usually goto ap-nts and collector*, in no case wilt the paper be sent out ol the State unless first pnid for. or a satisfactory reference is given in Macon or its ‘"vDVI-RTISEMKNTS inserted at the usual rates— those not limited when handed in, will ire inserted till forbid’ lint o liberal discount will be allowed to persons who advertise by the year, and who pay on demand. \|| marriage notices, and obituary notices of over tea lines, will be charged at the usual rates. \|| announcements oi candidates for office, to be paid for at the usual rates, when inserted Liberal arrangements made with C ounty Officers, Druggists, Auctioneers, and others, who may wish to make limited contracts. ....... Prisms advertising will please observe the following. Sales ..f Land and Negroes, by Executors, Adminis trators and Guardians, are required by law lobe adver tised in a public gazette, sixty days previous to the day These saiea must be held on the first Tuesday in the month between the hours of ten in the forenoon and three in the afternoon, at the Court House in the county in which the property is situated. , The sales of Personal Property must he advertised m like manner forty days. _ , Notice to Debtors and Creditors of an Estate must be published forty days. . _ , Notice that application will lie made to the Court of Ordinary for leave to sell Land and Negroes, must be published weekly for four months. Citations or Letters ot Administration must be pub lwh**d thirty days —for Dismission from Administration, monthly six months—for Dismission from Guardian- Lx foreclosure of mortem must be published monthly for four months—for establishing lost papers, for the full space of three months— for compelling ti tles from Executors or Administrators where a bond has l*en given by the deceased, the full space of three months. gy Letters on business to be post-paid. JOHN RITTER, n:i iblc 1H an ii Ist <* t urcr, AY 10, Grand Street, New Haven, Connecticut. TAS constantly on hand, or made to order, of 1 American and Foreign Marble, GRAVE STORES AND MONUMENTS, ot nr lolls patterns, Table tops, Chimney Pieces, Jambs Matties, Baptismal Founts—also, Granite Monuments tni Posts for Grave Lots. Various patterns ot Monuments, from the above es-, ablwhinent, can be seen in liose Hill Cemetery —Or deteforany description of Marble work, will tv* re ceived by the m-i *~.d, wno is authorized to act as Mr Ritter's Agent. JOHN L. JONES. Sot 10 32 3m BLAKE & SMITH, ATTORNIES AT LAW, Macon, Ga. I T ILL attend to all professional business entrusted ** to their care, m Bibb and surrounding counties. Sept. 15, 1847. Jygq Ll’ I'llEK J. 4HLEJVIV, attorney at law. „. „ „ McDonough, ga. K-sr to Scott, Carhart & Cos. 1X47 l y 6 K. H. L. BUCHANAN, Attorney nt Law, ■''/•ring Place, Murray County j 1 ILL attend fcithiully to ail pr.it.-wsi.nn! business it entrusted to ins care, in tin- sevetul Courts of hefokeeCircuit. i-jnemherl, 1847. ->2 ,f WILLIS A. HAW KI NS, ATTORNEY AT LAW, STARKEVILLE, LEE CO., GEO. De-ember 1.1847. y 35 j PETER J. WILLIAMS TAS taken the WASHINGTON HALL, and! 1 requests a continuance of the public patronage. Macon, April 1, 184? 1 Catted States Mail Liao-Daily, BETWEEN SAVANNAH AND CHARLESTON. We H known splended Steam-Packets Capt. J. P. , Brooks, ■Ltl Ciimcd, Capt. J. Barden, Seabroi, Capt. T. Lyon to run regularly between Savannah and | leaving Savannah every morning at 2 o’- and Charleston every morning at 9 o'clock pre- For Freight or Passage apply on hoard, at the and Charleston Steam-racket Wharf, or to R A.LAFITTE, Agent. ■ K —All Goods, intended for Savannah, will be l>v K. Latitte A Cos.. Agents at Charleston, if lhe,r car**. free ot commissions. ts 3 II Joii.n Jones vV son, ■ (LATR JONES AND HOLT) I RMJIE tl f> IS if ■ ■’ mission merchants, ■ MACON, Geo. yiLM- ts 12 ■ wn BHIONABLE MILLINERY MRS DAMOUR has received her fall Goods K tf, at line coiwiatmg of Silk, Satin Velvet and • traw BONNETS, of the most desirable siiapcs Also her usual stock of new DRESS ■ styles; a large st<x'kot Ribbons, Arti- K i r . [ will be sold on as reasonable “ [7 1 ’ 1,8 ” M *y <‘nbe bought in any store in H , j ?\ r£ [ e assortment of Shawls, Hosiery, Ac. ■ Kill (.loves is the finest ever brongftt here woniing to purchase Wools* Goon, Hi,. :l1 *’ at cow—nothin* aborts! that. Also “I articles usually kept in her line SE A\.o SIGN PAINTING: lln <,(-ildiiig,Glazing, A l*a|M-r-hiingiiig re-seated with cane, paii.ted and J'Paned, vamiaNed, nnd polished: ™* Nidi and Blinds lo r sale A f SHERWtXJD, in- .. , Corner of Seconal and Oak Streets. 5 i receiving his new supply ol I , in..,? among winch he particularly , 11 n ? un / | sh customers to W; of nIJ hran.ly, Madeira, Port and Glar MiPfenerves, Cakea, Candles; ‘| “r ot <* trarioa. branda nll lZ . U ttavanua Segar* H .iP- ‘''"wtanlsupplyof Oranges, Apples,’ ‘V mill ,„i^ r nVitli’ ,UU|,r ’ Gaisins, •’ ‘*• Prunes, i “I Wn ‘ !"P “HANDY, direct importation, -i ‘m” “"I’OJted CORDIALS, such ns Km„ i, i’i- ‘ Curacao, Mnrnwlnno, Ab § M.V, r ' 4 '’ &c- B - Salmon. (>iU, Ac. Bi.t.L) ( in that line. I t NBw goods B. J Win snip’s. ( ! ,r I'"*” >vor, respectfully ! ‘ A uinmu” n” 1 “ ,rn !*’ n K community, to 1 ■ “iSj Mt^iL 0W A O, r n i" , ?J , a. , r lM ‘ * U ' TV # " r ’ ■ “itm Avenn \t . W. Orr, on the H 1( ,u rr > conumtnm ■ I| J Gihmlm, ■ I’ , Am , ‘ ■O>KCI,tiTHiN(I.//als ‘ H \IX Inw *• br, winch l ‘! tllrr ho**” * n th* city ■,; r h; C" { ’ NKtiRO HIIOKS, ■ i ty i, ‘l’ 1,1 l ormfth, Monroe countv, H w>r iit r ,. M . . * >l1 * winlunn to purrhriM’, will H, w|^, p * t ‘*mnnug liia stock, before ■ ‘ •<a‘ite" 1 “ ,e " ,at f " r ■"■in Kr IS \VC WINSHIP. ■ ‘■ ‘f ■llw® 0 ® 81 SHOES!! W “/ i,| iji? I"'"'article Inline ninnulactur ■. . NW, H -Slit >ES, |„r s„|c hy M' 1 ad \v ,Jhaac winship. H ‘ h tr a stand Colton Avenue |H w tr #£otok Journal an ft itlcssenger. DRY GOODS SELLING OFF AT GREAT BARGAINS, FOIC < A*H, AND VAhii ONLY!! THE subscriber is now closing up his business, and is disposed to sell the remaining part of his stock at {reduced prices from Cost ) As much of my stork is yet on hand, many desirable goods can be had, if cus tomers will call soon. N. B. No books will be kept after the first of January. The motto is Goods Cheap for Cash ! ! Dec 29 39 E. WOODRUFF. G 1 ItOCCUIE*. —The subscribers continue to I keep a general assortment of Groceries and Staple Dry Goods, at their old stand, comer of Second and Mul lierry streets, opposite the Washington Hall: they liave. just received with other articles the following: 24 hhds. St. Croix and P. R. Sugars, 129 hags Green Rio Coffee, 25 “ Old Gov Java Coflee, 2000 Yards Negro Kerseys, 1000 DutHe Blankets, 8 and 9 quarter, 1000 Yards Cotton Osnnburgs, 15 Tons Sweeties Iron, 700 Sacks Liverpool Salt, 1500 Pair Uusaett Brognns, \ with a general asortmeiit in their line, all of which ia ! offered at the lowest cash prices. They respectfully in j vite all wishing to purchase, to examine their stock— , believing they cannot fail to be suited in price and qual ! ity. CHAS. CAMPBELL A CO. j April 1, 1847. 38 BAGGING, ROPE, TWINE, AC. I 2 002O0*M8^ entuc^?[ 125“ 52 “ 250 Coils Kentucky Rope. 1000 lbs. tliree ply Bagging Twine. 2250 Sacks Sail. For sale by CHARLES CAMPBELL, A CO. Aug. 18, 1847. 20 Sugar, Coffee, Ac. 1 A HHDS. St. Croix Sugars, ;1 U “ Porto Rico “ 20 44 Cuba Mucovado do. 15 “ Prime New Orleans do. 25 Bbls. Crushed and Pulverize 1 do* 20 Boxes Loaf (W. and W.) do. 20 Hhds Sweet Cuba Molasses, Ju9t received and for sale by GRAVES, WOOD, A CO Nov 17 32 Tohaeeo, I* iff sirs anti Sim ft. V) A A BOXES Tobacco, all grades, -wvJU 20,000 Cigars, various qualities, 1 bbl Mnccoboy Snuff, 1 “ Scotch “ 2 44 “ “in bladders, Mrs Miller's fine rut Chewing Tobacco, For sale by GR AVES, WOOD, & CO. Nov 17 33 llaffffiiiff, Hope and T wine. O £T BALES Gunny Cloth, p&t) 120 Pieces Kentucky Bagging, 150 Coils Bale Rope, 2 Bales Twine, Just received from New Orleans, and offered at low est market price by GRAVES. WOOD, A CO. Nov 17 33 Carp4>tiiiffs. 1/r PIECES English Ingrain Carpetings, O 2 “ Thin Ply tlo. 4 “ Brussels do. Green Baize &. Printed Druggett Carpet For sale at low prices by GRAVES, WOOD, & CO. Nov 17 33 Bloaclicd Goods Linens Ac. 3 CASES 3-4 Bleat lied Homespuns, 2 “ 7-8 “ 5 “ 4-4 “ “ 1 “ 5-4 “ M 1 “ 10-4 “ 4 “ Irish Linens, assorted, 1 “ Extra fine do. 5 Pieces Pillow Case Linens, 5 “ Linen Sheetings, 2 Cases Bleached Jeans, 2 “ Colored Cambrics, 2 44 Black, Brown, and Bleached Ho’iands, 15 Pieces 8-4, 10-4 Brown <fc Bleached Table Russia Diaper—Birds-eye Diaper, 100 Pieces Jaconets, assorted, 100 44 Phiid anti riu*oWJ Mußiun, i!u 50 44 Swiss Muslms and Victoria Lawns, 4 Cases Coats’ Thread, 4 44 Lee’s 44 lo “ Clark's 44 200 44 Flax Thread, assorted numbers, 200 *• Turkey Red, Ac Ac. Now in store, and for sale by GRAVES, WOOD, A CO. Nov 17 33 Jeans Flannels Ac. 3 BALES Red Flannels, assorted qualities, 2 cn9e9 White do do do 5 44 Jeans—Blue, Black and Brown, 1 “ All Wool Plaids, 1 44 Canton Flannels, Just received and for sale low. GRAVES, WOOD, A CO. Nov 18 33 Nsiils, Iron and Hollow Ware. ran KEGS Cut Nails, f_/ U \ J 15 tons Iron, assorted Ito 10 inches, 2,000 lbs. Sheet Iron, 10,000 lba. Hollow Ware, 2,000 llis. Cast Steel, 1,000 lhe. German and Blister Steel, 2,000 lbs. Hoop and Band Iron, 50 doz. Hoes, 400 pairs Trace Chains, Received ami for sale by E. B. WEED April 1, 1847 44 8. F. DICKINSON, & CO. HAVE just received 100 hds. St. Cx. and Porto Rico Sugar. 400 bags Rio Coflee, 50 “ Lnguira and Java. 150 kegs Suiienor Nails. 75 packages Staple Dry Goods, which will be sold low. Macon, 11th August, 1847. 19 8. F. DICKINSON, & CO, TOBACCONISTS, ARE now receiving 250 packages Tobacco, the most complete as sortment ever ottered in this market. Macon, 11th August, 1847, 10 8. F. DICKINSON, A CO. nHVE jnst received 5 Casks Baltimore superior sugar cured Can vassed Hams. 5 Tierces Cider Vinegar. Macon, 11th August, 1847! 19 Cotton V urns mill Osnaliurgs. THE undersigned, arc Agents lor the sale of the milledgevii.ee STEAM FACTORY Y ARNS Also,for YARNS AND OSNARURGS from the CURTRIGHT MANUFACTURING CO Greens boro', for sale by tke bate, on the usual time, at Manu facturer's prices. M u is 7 SCOTT, CARHART St CO. J ABIES’ HALF GAITERS. )’ UST received, Ist,lies’ Colored and Black Half Gaiters, nnd for sale by Sept 8, IMt7 MIX A KIUTLAND. LADIES’ GAITER BOOTEES. “I UST Received, I Julies’ colored and black Gaiter tJ Bootees, nnd for sale by MIX & KIRTLAND Aug. 18, 1847. 90 LADIES’ KID SLIPPERS. I'li ST received Ladies’ Fine Kid Slippers—for sale hy MIX A KIRTLAND Sept. 8, 1847 *3 GENTLEMENS’ GAITERS. I UST Received, Gentlemen's colored anil Mark Cttssamere Gulers.and for sale by MIX A KIRTLAND. Aug. 18,1847. 20 •\IITI VI, 1,1 l-'K IVMI R4M K Appltca ivj. lions received, and lnioruiation regarding Life Insurance, furnished hy CIIAS DAY A CO. Dec IS HSj J> AGGING. 40pieces K-'iitiieky Barging, supert* I J or. For sale by (. HAS DAY A CD. I > c 15 37 W SVGA It.—lo lllids N Orleans! Sugar, cry prime old crop, lor sale by C. DAY. A CO. I’ Pec 3# viol.\ssl;s. ji lllnb Trinidad, er, ior, iv ft 25 bids New Orlc'-us, For sale by C DAY, A CO. Dec 8 36 Xt 4 PIECES Rich MuslinDcLaincs t it sole at 25 .)lr cents per yard,hy J MU!MX)CK. Nov 3,1847. 31 ts lilllllltclM, Itt'lSt'lV At'. Ac ] I UST received, a large lot ol heavy 8 and 9 1-4 Nc • I gro lllankrts of best quality, 2 No, heavy cable twist Negro Kenrys, which will he sold low, by Nov 3. 31 ts J, MURDOCK. / y/NABURGS Y ARNS —A few bales from Tlto- V J msston Factory, lor sale by Nn3 31 REA t<COTTON MACON, GEORGIA, WEDNESDAY JANUARY 19, 1848. CHARLES H. FREEMAN, Cotton next door above the “Rio Grande House Has just opened o good Mock of Sugars, Coffee, Teas, Flour, Bacon, Simple anil Fancy Dry Goods. Macon, April 1, 1847. 4 BALLS. PARTIES, WEDDINGS, &.C. THE subscriber is now prepared to furnish complete. Balls, Purties, Weddings, Ac on short notice, and in a style to warrant satisfaction, Cakes of all de scriptions baked and warranted, in a superior style, and always on hand for sale to families. A portion of patronage is solicited, believing that satisfaction will 1 nlw r ays be guaranteed. CHAS. H. FREEMAN. Dec l 35 NEW IMPROVEMENT. I T AVING employed an experienced person, (Mr. ll George A. Smith,) 1 am now prepared to manu- I facture Candy of every description, Cordials, Syrups, A. Ac.—All orders promptly attended to. and Can dies parked in neat boxeaand in a style inferior to none ioi the Northern Factories. 1 Hatter mysell thatinqunl -1 itv, variety and neatness, my candies cannot be excell -1 eu. A portion of patronage is solicited. CHAS. H FREEMAN. I Dec 29 30 GROCERIES.—A good MHrtBMD on hand,and every thing in that line will be kepi i constantly ou hand and of the best quniiity. Oct 27 30 C. 11 FREEMAN. Tjl XT It ACTS of Vanilla, Lemon, Nutmeg, Rose, Ci and Bitter Almond, for flavoring Jellies, Pastry’ Ac For sale by CHS. H. FREEMAN, Nov 3. 31 ts Cotton Avenue. ISa4*on ami Lard. sideß ’ 2500 choice Hams, 500 lbe. t/UUU Lard. For sale by J. SEYMOUR oc l6 27 Fcaihers. 1 flfWl kBS. Feathers. For sale by 1 J. SEYMOUR, oct 6 27 Btiffgfivigf, Itopo and Twine, ALWAYS on hand and for sale by J SEYMOUR. oct 6 27 Loaf and Crushed Sutiur and Teas OF superior quality. For sale by . J. SEYMOUR, oct 6 27 IXsiiU. Trace Chains ami 4xes* 7PZ KEGS Nails, 100 pair Trace Chains, and 6 doz tj en Axes. For sale by J. SEYMOUR oct 6 27 | Kiiffar ami Coffee. HHDS. Porto Rico and Muscovado Sugars, 100 \ J bags Rio and Laguyra Coffee For sale on very reasonable terms, by J. SEYMOUR oct 6 27 i MACKEREL. —30 Bbls. halves and quarter,— . large No. 1, and fat, for sale by 5 40 C. A. ELLS. RAISINS >xes and half bom, Currants <it. , fresh, for sale by C. A. ELLS. Jan 5 40 CP. ACKERS, Balona Sausage, Cranberries, Sar dines, Beef l ongues, Dried Beef, Tamarinds, for sale by C. A ELLS Jan 5 40 BBLS. Phelps’Rye Gin, U 15 do American Brandy, just received by Dec 22 38 T. C. DEMPSEY ry BBLS. New Orleans Rectified Whiskey, just / *9 received by T. C. DEMPSEx. Jan 5 40 i •: BBLS. Cream Ale, 20 do Champoigne Cider— -1 just received by T. C. DEMPSEY. _ Jan 5 40 Q/ v BBLS. Rose Gin, 15 do. American Brandy, for by T. C. DEMPSEY tan 5 in f 4T) ; *r EIGHTH Casks Asseignette Brandy. 20.000 Regalia and Empressa Spanish Segars, 40 boxes and hall boxes fresh Raisins, 50 half bbls Butter, Soda and Sugar Crackers, just received by T. C. DEMPSEY j J > n 5 40 I IRISO SALT WHISKEY, In bottles, also,! I J- Old Madei.a Wine, old Port Wine,“London Dock ” ! j Otard, Denny A Cos. and Goddard’s Cognac Brandy j 11805, warranted genuine, from Custom Hens,- Stores I For sale by T. C. DEMPSEY. Dec 22 38 I t to PATENT PLOUGHS, extra points Am lUU 111. Just received by T C.DEMP.SEi. j Nov 24 34 j 1 i \ EIGHTH pipes Malaga Sweet Wine, and lIU W “ Port, for sale by ! Nov 24 34 T. C. DEMPSEY \OKC\t\ REGALIA, Principe and L td Se 60\JVJ gars. T. C. DEMPSEY. Nov 24 31 lAH IP 4 ®’ and halfbbls. No. 1,2, and 3MI A UU Mackerel, just received by Nov 24 34 T. C. DEMPSEY. BOXES of Daren's I ordia £ U 20 Mixes and chests linperial and Gunpowder Tea, for sale by T. C. DEMPSEY. Nov 94 34 DRESS GOODS. - Rich Silks. Embrci. id. Plain and Colored Cashmeres, Merinos, Lama Cloths, Aliasyntan Stripes and Plaiils, Orleans Lusters, Muslin DeLainea, Aluawas and Bombazines, all of 1 which are ottered at unneard of low prices at THE PEOPLE'S STORE. ! Nov 17 33 ts Blto A D ci.OTlls, 1 unaetea, Kentucky Jeans Vestings, Negro Kerseys, Blankets, Ac Ac.low-1 er than ever, at THE PEOPLE'S STORE. Nov 17 33 ts BIUHTA, Cashmere, Silk and all Wool and Cot ton Shawls and Mamies, 10 per cent below the | market prices, at THE PEOPLE'S STOKE I Nov 17 33 tl BOH Nlris—ls-chorn and Straw Bonnets, at pn eea never before heard 01, to close them out, at THE PEOPLE'S S TORE Nov 17 33 ts 1)’ IIINOXS stalling to buy Dry Goods low, are cor- M tliolly invited to call at the People's Store JOHN W.CLARK Nov 17, 1847. 33 ts Ri T.o IL- s s KENDRICK , t- i Cotton Avenue, one door bt-luw Kims 2k Co's Dry C<K>d Store, where he is opening s large stock ol PAL I. nnd W INTER GOODS, at verv low pri ces, w.here purehasere are invited to call and etaiinnr for tliei riselvea Nov 17 33 ts T72L EG ANT CARPET RUGS. Just received Tg anil for sale by S. S KENDRICK nANDMOMR PAPER II ANGINGN, ofth . latest patterns,lor sale by S. 8. KENDRICK Nov 17 33 tl I.MNG SKA INLAND NIIKRTINGM, fi to rlO 1-1 wide,lor sale by S. S KENDRICK _ Nov 17 33 If L AIMIN’ GLOVES AND IIONIEKA ..lev ery desr-ription, for sale by S S KENDRICK Nov 94 3| cjPLKNDID PARIS ROBES, lor sale by nN-I 94 31 S. s KKNDkK K Negro kerneyn fnd blanketh, i. m s*-y, Domeatia Goods of all kinds For sale liy Nov2l 34 8. 8. KENDRICK Cotton VitriiN iiikl ONinalMii'ua. rpilE siilis,-ids-r hnsjnst received a supply of the I above gisids from the Tlionn -t,si Manufacturing ■Company, which are of very superior ip,aluy. and are sdl* red upon the inuet literal terms at ehoi* sale or re - mil 8 > KI 1 DRt( K | Dec 99, 1817 39 riri: uni kami; Ywk 1 Lib- insurance and Trust Company having estab lish il an Agi’m*y in the ol Macon, person, may ef fr, • Insiirmiee with this ( mupaiiy on their own Lives j or tie’ Lives of others, and either foi lie- whoie dura ’ I uni sf life or lor a Innited perKsl, hy the lutynietit of a 1 1 mtiuil annual premium I WEPIIEN ALLEN, President. 1 | CHARLES C ‘ PALMER. Secretary E BUND, Agent, Macmt | Macon, Aqrill, 1847. yW REMOVAL. 1 ATT M DIBBLE (late Dibble A Bray,) has removed I At to the Store directly opposite Ins uid slsnd nnd where he will Is- pleased to see his customers Nov. 94th 1847. 3til ■ I'll I j rate Northi-nt Litne hy Sept 22,1817 95 II N I’UIXIFER. Fresh harden Seeds, From Fiimlrrlli’w Gardens. V LARGE lot of lhe above seeds just receivtfl, be ing more costly and better than any other leeds sold —Merchants and Families should give them the preference, as the price will Is* as low as of the ordina ry seeds sold and frequently worthless. I t-T Ltnd reth’s Seedssunplietl, wholesale and retail, by J. H. A VV. S. ELLIS, Druggists, Opposite I Cashing ton Hal. Macon, Dec 1 35 TO GARDENERS AND PLANTERS. Lnndreth’s Ifural Reuisicr and Almanac FOR 1848. CONTAINING monthly directions for Faming and J Gardening—the composition of various nnnurcs , valuable to Planters—n description of the varieties of j Iniits and the soil and cultivation—illustrated bj heau -1 tilul plates.—Directions for Flower (>ardeus, Green Houses, Fences, Ac.—A description of the disefnes of Live Stock and the cure. Also, containing a e<rrect Almanac for nil the States Every family shouldhave I a copy.—Price 15cents. For sal by J H A W. S ELLIS, Opposite Washington Ha,l. Macon, Decl 35 SHAD. CA. ELLS has commenced receiving SHAD • daily from Savannah, and will supply this* mark | et—alsosend them to order in any quantity to all parts jof this State or Alabama Country Pedlars sipplyed at a low rate, and we will serve them up at homt, with tine Oysters, Wild Game, and other fixtures, for all customers when desired, and we hope to see nutiy of them ; for Shad we have, and Shad we must sell Jan. 5, 1848 40 Garden Needs, FLOWER AND GRASS SEEDS, ]}UT up by the Society of Shaking Quakers, Eifield, Connecticut, —warranted fresh, wholesale an! re tail, by W. FREEMAN, Agent, Cherry Street. Mactn. Jan 5 4u “A /T KEGS Prime Northern Butter, for sale lou by Z’) Dactß IB w i REEM \N Cl AND! TOYS and Cake ornaments, a miendid j lot just received by YV. FREEMAN. | Dec 22 3S fiidiu It libber Good* 4 LARGE assortment, wholesale and retail, vz *7jL Wallets, Purees, Teething Rings, Sportsmei* | liottles, Parlor Balls, Leggins, Saddle Bags, Oxe | Coats, Ac. W. FREEM AN, Cherry Street, Macon. ; Jan 5 40 SILVER IPO >Ns -iii Battel Knives -jnt re ceived and for sale by Nov 3 31 B. L. BURNETT. PLATED WARE, —Elegant Plated Castors, Fruit Baskets, Waiter*, Caudlesticks, Snuffers and Trm, Cups, Ac.—just opened and tor sale by Nn 9 tl B L RURNE I I lINGLI9H Bill ITWI \ W \ RE. D n 4 and Son’s best English Britlania Coflee and Tea Pots and in full sets—just received ami for sole by Nov 3 31 B L. BURNETT. PLATED SPOOIVS AND I’ORKS. Btcfc gamon Boared, Checkmen, kc.— just received and tor sale by B. L. BURNETT. Nov 3 31 QPECTACLES, SPECTACLES.—Pt:sons at- IO flicted w’ith detect<*d or impaired vision, are re spectfully invited to call and examine anew and impro ved article of Spectacle Glass (for which the subscrib ers are sole agents; aet in the best Gobi and Silver frames. B. L. BURNETT. Nov 3 3j rnOILET and SHAVING SOAPS—Superior soaps JL nu.l Perfumery—just received and tor sale by Nov 3 31 B. L BURNETT. fcTOTE PAPER. Fancy Seals and Envelops, x y Motto Seals, and a great variety of new fancy ar ticles— iust opened and for sale at the lowest prices by Nov 3 31 B. L BURNETT. HOROLOGY. —Watches of every deseriittipn repaired and warranted * n a (wdJ,K'!Ct OT ,rjam,ru Ity B. L. BURNETT. Nov 2 31 QOLAR LAMPS.—Fine Solar Lamps, Brittania kl and Brass Chamber Candlesticks, for sale by | Nov 3 31 B L BURNETT. Please lake Notice. MTHAT the *l’honKaaville House 9 Will he removed on the first day of January 1848, to the Hotel formerly >ccupied by COL. AT KINSON, where the undersigned will he hap py to see his former Customers, and as many new ones ins will honor him with their calls. He flatters himself ! that five years’ experience has made him well acquaint ed with the duties of a Land Lord, llis stables will be supplied with Com and Fodder, and every attention will lw* paid to the comfort of lus Guest—Please enquire for the “THOMASVILLE HOUSE.’’ THOMAS SIMMONS. Tiioiuasville, Ga., Dec. 29, 1847. 3m39. .11 <‘dic a I C opa rtne rnh ip. aDRS. McGOLDRICK A QUINTARD, hav ing formed a copartnership for the Practice of Medicine and Surgery, respectfully ofler their ser | vices to persons wishing either Medical or Surgical at tention in either branch of their profession. They are provided with all manner ot instruments and are prepa red lo perform all operations in Surgery, mil pledge I themselves to show die moat unremitting attention to i their patients. R. McGOLDRICK, C.T QUINTARD. Macon, January 5, 1848 40 ts A CARD. f pHE undersigned will take a class of Law Student* X in his office tor instruction. He will give them the use of his Library, and iua instructions at all times, when not attending Court. He will be aitseiit about fourteen weeks during the year, on the Circuit He will arrange a course oi elementary reading and instruc tion iu the law ; to be completed in tw’o years—yet, in such way, as to pass the Students through the books usually read, prior to admission, in one year. The Student to enter for one or two years, at his pleasure He proposes, during the year, except when on the cir cuit, to deliver at least one Lecture a week, on the ti tles ujton which the class may be engaged Terms, 9100a year—one hall payable when the Stu dent enters—and the other half nt the end of the year. Application may be made at once to me at this place. E. A. NIF BET. Macon, Jan 5, 1848. 40 It NOTICE. EAST MACON HOTEL. |AI Nl LLIV AN, formerly proprietor of the Plan i.l • t.-r'sHotel.Clinton, has put,, in I t u , ~\ST VI 4 I>N HOTEL, where he will !► happy to accom modate Ins tori tier friends and patrons Dec 99 38 ts PIANOMI PIAIAOMiI 4 “T. ‘ ]| JUST received from J. Chickering, ITi'lfl A Clark (with and without Cade ri T I ■ ‘man's .Eolian atlnelini.nl. Lemuel Gil bert and others, a tine assortment id ITA.Ni t FORTES The long sud w, l! known reputation of these instru ments, precludes the necessity ol putting ; in a tew days we aliall have s sample ol rianas from the taetory of David J, Van Wtukle, which received tin- flattering notice in thin paper ol last week, and will take pleas ure m showing and arlltng as many ns the people wish, on the most reasonable terms Me have a general as sortment ol wood and lirass instruments ot all deaertp tions. Fnsluonable tnuaic instruction I.M-k. lot I’iniio. Guitar, Flute nnd Violin, Violin and Guitar Strings, Ate. Ate., Gold and Silver Watches of the finest i|ual uy. Jewelry, Silver Suoonn of parr st/rer. Castors, Candlestieka, Girandoles. Lani|m, tc W atches and Clorks repaired m the moat perfect inamv-r, and wnmmu-d Tltauklnl for past tavors, we bops to receive a share of nubile imlrouage, for which we will give value received BRING A VIRGINS Mueon.JanW 41 6ut PIIIIMI I'Ol'lt'S. f |NIIK sulmcrdier respecitully informs the cmzi-na ol J Georgia, lliat he lias th-’ Agency lor lie sale ol I'l A SOS triMii a manufactory in New York—the arti cle 1.11 l red, ta ol the heat woikiiianXiip and matrriale, and the latest style, very tW|H-nor at low prices— Petsous wishing to purcfwse, can see one ol this.- m stiiitnetits at tiie aulmcnber’a reside nee JAMES VAN VAI.KENHURGH Ms, on, Jan 5. 1848 111 1 Uncoil *l4-11 :m .71 ill’s f |*BHE Subscriber is now ready to supply the citizens 1. ol Macon and vicinity, with very superior Ct tRN .VIEAL, bolted or untsdiei] : also, lftmioiiy and Gins ol all sizes, made ot srlectedcorn. JAMES VAN VALKENBURGH. Januatyi 40 tl I'ihk wu i>sua\(i:, CAMDEN INSURANCE CO. NEW JEUSEY. CAPITA!. ||M,6Wt CHARTERED IN IH2 rfAIIE Sulmcriliers having iso-11 sptsniiled ihe Agent* I ot this Institution lor this ( tty and v letnsty, wiH receive upplKatiotm and Isaue Poliae* at the earivM rates HUBERT W. OGDEN, Prefolt H L. Bkilv.v, Secretary | .. HYDE A JONES, Agents. Macon, Jan 19 41 6u SPEECH OF AIR. CALHOUN In the Senate of the United Staten, January 4, 1844, on his Resolutions. Resolved That to conquer Mexico, and to hold it, either ns a province or to incorporate it in the Union, would he inconaiatent with the avowed object for which the war htiH leenprosecuted ; a departure from the net tled policy of the Government: in conflict with its char acter ami genius; and in the end, subversive of our free and popular institutions. Resolved , That no line of policy in the further pro secution of the war should he adopted which may lead to consequences so disastrous Mi CALHOUN said :—ln offering, Senators, these resolutions lor your consideration, 1 have I>eeri govern ed by the reason which induced me to oppose the war, ’ and by the same consideration 1 have been ever since guided In alluding to my opposition to the war, Ido not intend to notice the reasons which governed me on that occasion, further than is necessary to exiduin my motives upon the present. I opposed the war then, not only because I considered it unnecessary and that it might have been easily avoided, not only beeaus< I 1 bought the President had no authority, to order a por tion of tile territory in dispute and in possession of the Mexicans, to be occupied by our troops; not only he caus** I believed the allegations upon which it was sanc tioned by Congress were unfounded in truth, but from high cohsidcrations ol reason and policy, because I be lieved ii would lend to great and serious evils, to the country and greatly endanger its free institutions. But after the war was declared, and had received the sanction ol the government, i acquiesced in what 1 could not prevent, and which it was impossible for me to arrest; and 1 then felt it to l>e my duty to limit my course so as to give that direction to the condui t of the warns would, us far us possible, prevent the evil and danger with which, in my opinion, it threatened the country and its institutions. For this purpose, at the lasi session, 1 suggested to the Senate a defensive line, and for that purpose, I now offer these resolutions.— This, and tins only, is the motive which governs me, 1 am moved by no personal nor party consideration.— My object is neither to sustain the Executive nor to strengthen the opposition ; but simply to discharge an important duty to the country. But i shall express iny opinion upon all points with boldness and independence, such as becomes a Senator who has nothing .• • k. ei ther from the government or from the people . ; a I whose only aim is tod minish, to the smallest possible amount, | the evils incident to this war. But when I come to notice those points in which I differ from the President, 1 shall do it with all the decorum which is due to the Chief Magistrate of the Union. W ben i suggested a defensive line, at the last ses session, this country had in its possession, through the means of its arms, ample territory, and stood in a con dition to force indemnity. Before then, the successes of our arms had gained all the contiguous portions of ‘i Xico, and our army hns ever since held all that is desirable to hold—that portion whose population is sparse and on that account the more desirable to be held, h or 1 hold it in reference to this war a fundamental prin ciple, that when we receive territorial indemnity it shall be unoccupied territory. In offering a defensive line, I uid it because l believed that in the hist place it was the only certain inode of ter minating the war successfully. I did it also because I believed it would be a vast saving of the sacrifice ot hu man nfe ; out above all, i did so because i s<iw dial any other line of jMilicv would expose us to tremendous evil, which these resolutions were intended to guard against. The President took a different view He re j commanded a vigorous prosecution of the war—not for . conquest—that was disavowed—but for the purpose of conquring f*eace ; that is, to compel Mexico to sign u : treaty making a sufficient cession of territory to inuem ! nify this Government both for the claims of its citizens and tor the exjxnses of the war. Sir, I opposed this iK>licy. 1 opposed it among other reasons, because I believed that if the war should be ever so successful, there w®s gr*y nl hazard to us at least, that the object in- I te'.'.dcu to be effected by it would not be accomplished, j Congress thought differently ; ample provisions in men and money were grauted for carrying on the war. The | campaign has terminated. It has been as successful as I the Executive of th** country could possibly have calcu [ lated. Victory after victory hns followed in succession, i without a single reverse. Santa Anna was repelled i and defeated wuh U forces—Vera Cruz ami the Castle |wa re carried with it. „ f *l*p, Perote, and Puebla fell, • aria alter two great triumph* °i our army, the gates ot .Mexico opened to us. Well, Sir, ,v bat lias been ac i coraplished l What has been done ? ii'“* ®vow ed object of the war been attained l Have we cori^ ,lcr ’ ed pence ? Have we obtained a treaty l Have wc ob tained any indemnity I No ■ n< !•*** ; - - ■” leVfiTiirctl'.i. and what is worse, our ufhculties are greater now than they wen* then, and the objects, forsooth. more difficult to reach than they were before ihe campaign commenced. Now Senators nave asked what lumeaused this com- J pfetr discomfiture of the views of the Executive for w hich men and money w ere granted ? It is not to be J charged to our troops; they have done ail that skill and ! gallantry was capable of effecting. It must be charged somewhere, and where is it to be charged, but upon tie tact than the plan of the campaign was erroneous, lint the object pursued was a mistake. We aimed at in<l- tnnity in a w'rong way. If we had aimed directly ioit, we had the means to accomplish it directly ; they were in our hands. But, sir, we aimed at indemnity through a treaty. We could not reach it by a treaty : with Mexico, and Mexico by refusing to treat simply,’ could defeat the whole object which we had in view j AV e put out of our own power and in her hands to say, ! when the war should terminate. VV c have tor ail our vast expenditure of money, for > all the loss of blood and men we have nothing, but the Military glory which the campaign has furnished. We cannot I presume estimate the expenses of the campaign at less than 40,000,000 of dollars. (I cannot compute the sum with any degree of precision, but 1 believe I may say about that sum.) and betwei n the sword and disease, many thousands of lives, probably five, six, or seven thousand have been sacrificed, and all tins for nothing ut all. But it is said that the occupancyofa defensive line would have been as expensive as the campaign itself The President lias assigne I many reasons tor that opin ion, and the Secretary of War lias done the same I h ive examined these reasons with cure. This is not | the proper occasion to discuss them ; but I must say, with all possible deference, they are to my mind utter ly fallacious. 1 will nut the question in a general point of view, and satisfy the minds of Senators that such is tlie ca-ie. The line proposed by myself, extending from the Pa cific Ocean to the Paso del Norte, would nave been co : vered by the Gulf of California, and wilderness peopled | by hostile tribe* of Indians; and lor its defence, noth ! mg would liavc Wen needed beyond a few vessels of war stationed in the Gulf, and u single regiment. From : the Paso del Norte to its mouth, we can readily estim ate th* amount of force necessary for-its defence. It wa* a frontier between Texas and Mexico when Tex as bad not more than I jo.ooo of s population—’without any standing army whatever, and very few troops Yet It seven years Texas maintained that frontier 1 line ; and that, too, when Mexico was tar more con solidated than shew is now, when her revolutions wen* not so frequent, her resources in mono) were much greater, u.id ‘1 <‘xas her only opponent. Can any man belir vi 1 that Mexico, exhausted as she now i*—prostra ted us she lias been—defeated—can any man lieneve j that it will cost as much to defend ihat frontier as the ! campaign has cost 1 No, sir, I wii haanri nothing | in a-vrtmg that the very interest of the money spent in | npsign would have aaoupsd that iW . flu an indefinite period and that the men who hove lost their , : lives would have been more than sufficient to de fend it. much for tlie past; we now come to tlie com- I HWnpement ol another campaign ; and the question is, ’ wb t win!l he done f The same measures are prop© ; 1 a**d. It is still “a vigorous prosecution of tlie war ** — ‘ [ ‘Phe ineuwures are identically th** same It is not for j conquest—that is now as emphatically disavowed as it wa-nn the first instance. The object is not to blot Mexico out of the list ol nations, for the President is as emphatic in the expression of his desire to maintain the ! nationality ol Mexico He desires to see her an inde pendent nod flourishing community, and assigns strong 1 and cogent reasons for all that. Well, air. the question is now, what ought to he done ? We are now coming to the practical question. Shall we aim ot carrying on ! another vigorous campaign under present circum stances ! Mr. President, I liavc examined this question with j care, and 1 repeat, that I cannot support the recoin inendntiotis of th* President. Then* are many and powerful reason*, stronger than those which existed at j tlie commencement ol the last campaign, to justify my op|ositioti now The cost 111 motley will be vastly greater There is n bill for ten additional regiments 1 . i*w before th** f4**iinte, and another bill providing for I i w nty regiments of volunteers, lias been reported, ilia- I ting in all, not less, 1 suppose, than twenty five thou > find troops, raising tlie numts-r id troop© In the service i is 1 pr same, the (Immumi of th** Committee on Mill t ary Affairs can inform you,—to not much lesa than se venty thoisnnd in the whole Well, sir, tlie ex in-tv* | will be much more than that of th** last *umpaigii | it will cost not much short of sixtv millions of dollars. Now dr, wWt iath eondit fthem ney market )at present ? !nt year it was most tfoumdimg An i unfortunate tauunr in Europe e rested a great demand for our ngri iitmal product*. Th • !*ai.nw* of trade was in our favor It money issued out at on** end ol the sub treasury, it poured in at the other. But how ’ stands the ei*r now f We Mind now with a drain both ways The exchanges now ars mgamet us, instead ol I cutg in ©Ur favor ; mid man ad of apecis flowing into tlie country from abroad, it it flowing out Tn' 1 ex change* in Mexioo. must be met either by remit tine** in quid and ailvsr, or by drafts drawn in favor of lititisdi merchants, or other capitalists there, which must he oashed lie re and alau trail* in tte i abroad Now, sir. wluit will Is* the o;s*nitiori of this state of things 1 How long can this continue ? What hi the present pi ice ot treasury notes and of stocks in ilie maik'tf \r iley above imr f No, sir I aet tftmtn quoted L* low par I understand the treasury notes are sensibly b*fow par and amck* still lower.— Now what ia to be lire result t Ho long nn treasury notes are twfow par—so long as they ore the cheaper medium--tin- end of it will be, that treasury notes will if* iuto the treasury ami specie come out id it Thsre ia Iyourlyour tieaiury will ladram j Now, sir, in this state of things, what can possibly j follow l A great commercial crisis—a grent financial crisis—even possibly, a suspension of the banks. I tlo not pretend to deal in the language of panic. But there i is danger of all this, of which there was not the slight- I est apprehension at the commencement ol lnst Session, jAt present, there is great danger. The grent difficulty j in prosecuting your campaign will be to obtain money. Men you may raise, but money it will te difficult to get. i I lately conversed with a gentlemen who ought to know | these things better than mysejf; and he supposed that forty millions of dollais woubl be required either in the J shape of treasury notes or stocks to carry on the enm i paign. 1 asked at what price money could be bail; and the reply was, that it would !>e nt the rate ol 90 tor 100, j which woubl be rather more than 7 perct.: I believe. But, sir, these are not the only objections, fbrtnidable as they are. The farther you proceed, the difficulties will increase 1 do not see th*- slightest chance that f can tend to the realization of what is avowed, the pro- J eecution of the war is intended to accomplish. The | object is to obtain a treaty. We no longer hear of con j uttering a peace, but of obtaining an honorable treaty ; the meaning of which, if ueitner more nor less, than I that we are to obtain a treaty from Mexico, giving ns a cession ot land equal to the whole indemnity already stated m the former part of my remarks. Well, sir, as it strikes me whether the war is successful or unsuccess ful, it must certainly end in the detent of tlie object, for the attainment of which, it in avowedly pwMtW. If the war be unsuccessful, I need not argue the point. If we should be baffled in our arms—as 1 trust we will not be. and I think is not very likely to be the case —but if circumstances should prove unfortunate fur its, and we should not be able to accomplish, in a military point of view, what is characterized as a vigorous prosecution of the war, then, certainly there will he no treaty. 1 take ! higher ground. I insist upon it that the more suecess- I fully this war is prosecuted, the more certain will b* the defeat ot the object designed to Is* accomplished whilst the object disavowed will be accomplished.— 1 llovv is a successful war to be carried ott l What is the j object ot it? What is it intended to e fleet ? 1 can see but one tiling to be effected, it is to suppress all resist * I xico.to overpower and disperse her army, to o* rtbrr w her civil government, and to leave her with ou y iutiier power of resistance. Well, Mr. Presi dent,!, mat be done, what is the result ? How urc you to get an honorable peace? 1 takes but one partv to make war—two parties to make peace ll alt author ity in Mexico Ik* overthrown, if there be no legitimate power with whom to negotiate, how are you to accom plish those objects which it is proclaimed this vigorous prosecution of the war is intended to effect ? Sir, you | are defeated by your sucoess. That will be the clear and inevitable result. But what do you accomplish l The very object which you disavow ! For if the war should j be so prosecuted, where will lie the nationality of Mex ico ? Where her seperate existence { Where this free j republic wiih whom yon desire to treat ? Gone 1 We j have blotted her out ol the list ot nations. She has be j come a mere mass of individuals without any political j existence, and the sovereignty of the c< unh y, at least for • the time being, is transferred tons. Now, Mr. President, ■ tins is not only a conclusion from reasoning upon this subject, but is one to w hich, if 1 understand the Presi j dent aright, he comes with a single exception, and that, ; a mere contingency not likely to lake place. The Pres ident nos very much the saint* conception of die object of u vigorous war as 1 have presented. He says j that the go t difficulty of getting peace, results from j this, that the people ot Mexico Sie divided under tae ! tious cine tlo ins, and that the chieftain in power dare not ! give peace because his rival would then be able to turn ; him out; and that the only way to remedy this evil and j obtain a treaty, is to put down the whole of them.— Well, what is to be done then ? Is the thing to stop j there ? No. YV’eare then to build up again and estab , lish under our power and protection a republican form J oi government from the citizens who are well disposed, w hich he says ere numerous and are prevented from ob taining it, only by tear of those military chiefs. And it lis with this government,sir, which is to grow’ up under the encouragement and protection of our army—to be established by their authority—that it is proposed to 1 treat in order to obtain peace. I must confess 1 am a little at a loss to see how a tree and independunt repub i lie can grow up under the protection and authority of its conqueror. Ido not we now such a government can lbe established under his authority. I can readily under stand how an aristocracy —how a kingly government — a despotism, might be established by a conqueror. But how a tier and independent republic can grC w up under such circumstances, is to me incomprehensible. 1 uZd always supposed that republican government was the I spontaneous workot the people—that it came from the I people—from the hearts of the people ;—that it was | £4*pported by the hearts of the people, and ilt ;♦ ’ 1 -- r~v pioteciron from any quarter . whateveT; But, sir, it seems that these are antiquated ; notions—obeoiei£ ideas. —and that we may now man- I ulacture republics to order, by authority of a conquering I government. But suppose, sir, all these difficulties surmounted.— How can you make a tree government in Mexico ? W here are your materials f It is to be 1 presume, a ! confederated government like our own Where is the ; intelligence in Mexico adequate to the construction of ! surh a government ? That ih what she his been aim- I mg at for twenty odd years, but so utterly incompetent are her people tor the work, that it has bc**n a complete failure from beginning to end. The great body ot the intelligence and wealth of Mexico is concentrated in the pt iesUiood, who are altogether disinclined to that *’nn o* govenuuenl. Tlirn the owners of the hacien dn^—tin- lurye iilanter. ol the country, who compiiac ahuo.t all the remaining iniw of intelligence, are w r.h out oi'|ionunities of concert and dealilute of the means ol lorming such a government. Sir, such a government would be impossible—and and put up, would tumble down tlie very next day alter our protection was with drawn. It appean to ine to be a (nr more plausible plan, if it is determined to have peace, to sustain the government that now exists in Mexico ; or raiher to refrain from putting ii . own. Let it grow up and mature ilsell. I have convened with several of the officers ol ihe army —men of intelligence—on this subject, and all agree in opinion that the mere shadow of a government which now remamsat Queietaro, will have no authority what ever, an,l that if we were lo make a peace m any de giee contonnatory to our view of what u peace ought lo be, the very moment we withdraw, i'. would lie over thrown ; and what ihen I Tlie very country assigned tous by tlie peace for an indemnity, we must either hold defensively and be brought I sick ultimately to the defensive line, winch would be the end of the whole of it ; or, return and renew this wur till it terminates in tlie conquest of the country. I protest utterly agatnat this government undertaking to build up any government in Mexico with the pledge ofuroti-euon The party placed in power must be in eutably overthrown, and we will be under the solemn oblig i non to return and remsinte them in power, and that would occur again and again ; till the country would tall into our hands precisely as Hindustan tell in to ihe hands ol the I jigltsh This very conquest of Hindustan which we have been censuring Ibr year* and years, ever since I recollect, was ihe result ol mistaken policy ng on from step to step, each one deeper and i \*l r.—e'.o-ely any design ut conquest lieuig entar- I'■ 11 hut ullnuately conquest became unavoidable and n w ce.wuiy not only to liohl tlie eouuiry, but to conqu. i tue adjacent territory. \V*lj Hir if this contingency followfc—if the Executive fuils in establishing another government tfore miiier our encuaragement and protection, and if ilk* government its*'lt siiull rt hise to make a treaty with us on such feriua us we will accept in regard t*> indemnity, then the President himself agrees thut he must take the very course which I have suid would be the inevitable consequence of a vigorous prosecution of tlie wur The I resident novs in subsUuce, alter having attempted to biuM up such a government—afi- r having employed tlie brat efforts to secure peace u|m>ii th** most liberal terms, it ail tml; I now give his own worl**—if nil fail, wc iinist hold on to the occupation ol the country, we must take tlie measure of indemnity into our own hands, mid enforce such terms as the honor of the coun try demands Now, sir, what is this f Is it not an ac knowledgment, that it this factitious government, which toi aimed it,cannot be built up, we muat make a conquest ol the whole country and occupy it ?—Can word* be stronger f “Occupy the country,”—Take die full measure of indemnity ; no defensive line no treaty , and enforce terms ; terms on whom f on the guv etntnetir N*>—no—no. Itto eufoict* the terms on the peopfo individually ; that is t* sav to estHl<hsfi a govciiunem over tliem in tie form of provinces. V\ ell, the President is right if in the vigorous pro s’ cution i*| the war, as the President proposes, tli<* con tingency siiould fail, and the chances of its In lute are many, there will ire no retreating Every argument against calling hack the aimy, as they designate it— against taking u defensive line, which now advanced will have dout>le force after you have spent sixty mil lions of dollars, mid have acquired poraessiou of the whole of Mexico. ‘File interests in favor of keeping us there will U* much more influential then limn now Ihe army itself will be larger. Those who five by the war- >i large un<i powerful body—tlie nunu rous c uitiac tors, the sutlers, the merchants, the speculators in lands ami mines of Mexico, and all engaged every way di rmlv or indirectly In the progress of the w ar, mid'ab sorbing the whole exptndiluics, willlie all advene to return#, and w*il swell tlie cry in favor of eonthraiac andi extending conquest. The President talks, sir, of taking indemnity into our hauls, then ; In.it, why not ink*’ iimtininty now I Wc ate much nearer indemnity now,than we will be at ihe end of the next campaign, whea we have sixty millions added to th*- expenditure!)! the last forty What will y**u tli* n iiave to indem mfy you ? Nothing hut n Mexican population, on whom you uro to impose taxation mall form. l * and ahais-s; ami aiuongst which you will have to mtimtaiu an irmy of at east forty thousand men j according to the N natoi from^ .Mississippi,[Mr. UavisJ—not a very large num ber, for he says, that the Si veuiy-three thousand lueti now there ara u. danger. Tltat Orers wno imlemniiy t an. iou will never get enough in that way to meet yair expenditures, it will all have to come out ol the 1 ?, .T lBol „ W** ot lle States; and after , all, t ie talk of uufeu rnty, of puidung on Uioiwur, vig orously to success . at the cud Ot the next tuifopaign. instead *f indemnity, you will have a heavy pecuniary Lur.* ii imp.*seu upon the pussnt and succeeding uen* mt 101 l * * Well, Mr Pi* sid'm,wehavaiH*w conw votbeaofenm qu stton propuacd by the** usolijfiona. 1 haVt* shown wlic'*- tins Ime of polity ridl, in altprobahifety sea 1 you -i may V.IV- ©fill VOL. XXV— No 42. the blotting out of the nationality of Mexico, and the throwing of eight or nine millions of people without a government or, your hands. It will compel you, in all probability, to assume the government, for, I think, there will be very little prospect of your retiring. You must cither hold the country as a province or incorpo rate it into your Shall we do either? That’s the question. Far from us be such an act, and for the reasons contained in the resolutions. The firm f these reasons is this : it would be incon sistent with the avowed object for which the war has been prosecuted. That needs no argument after what has been now said. Since the commencement of the war till ibis moment,every man has disavowed the in tention of conquest—of extinguishing the existence of Mexico as a people. It has been constantly proclaimed that the only object was indemnity. Ana yet sir, as events are moving on, what we disavow may be accom plished, ami what we have avowed may be defeated.— Sir, this result will be a dark and lasting imputation on either the sincerity or the intelligence of this country ; on its sincerity because, so opposite to your own avow als ; on your intelligence, for the want of a clear fore sight in so plain a case as not to discern the consequen ces. Sir, we haw heard how much glory onr country has acquired in this war. I acknowledge it to the, foil amount, Mr. President, no far as military glory is con cerned *'nil v lias done nr,hly — luvairously — they nave conferred honor on the country, for which I sin cerely thank them. Mr. President, 1 believe all onr thanks will be confin ed to our army. Ho far as I know in the civilized world, there is no approbation of the conduct of the civil portion of our power. On the contrary, every where the declaration's made, that we are an ambitious, unjust, bard people, more given to war than any people of modern tunes. Whether tins be true or not, it is not for me to inquire. lam speaking now merely of the reputation which we bear abroad. Every where, I be lieve. for as much as we have gained in military repu tation abroad, 1 regret to perceive, we have lost in our political and civil reputation. Now 9ir, much ns I re gard military glory—much as 1 rejoice to behold onr people in possession of the indomitable energy and courage winch surmount a ii difficulties, and which class them amongst the first military per file of the ng#, l would be vciy sorry indeed that onr government should lose any reputation tor wisdom, moderation, discretion, justice, and iliose other high qualities w’hich have dis tinguished us in the early stages of out history. The next lefiacn which my resolutions assign, is, that it i without example or precedent, either to hold Mex ico asa province, or to incorporate her into our Union. No example of such o line of policy rnn be found.— We have conquered many of the neighboring trib* sos Indians, but wc never thought ot holding them in sub ■jeetiot. never of incorporating them into our Union. They have either been left ns an independent people amongst us, or been driven into the forests. 1 know farther, sir, that we have never dreampt of in corporating into our Union any but the Caucasian nice —the free white race. To incorporate Mexico, would be the very tint instance of the kind of incorporating nn Indian nice, lor more than half of the Mexicans arc Indians, and the other is composed chiefly ot mixei tribes. I protest against such a union as that’ Our’s, sir, is the government of the white man. The greatest i misfortunes of Spanish America arc to lie traced to the fatal error of placing these colored races on an equality with die whde race. That error destroyed the social arrangement which formed the basis of society. The Portugese and ourselves have escaped—the Portngese ut least to some extern—and we are the only people on this continent which have made revolutions without be ing followed by anarchy. And yet it is pr leased and talking about to erect these* Mexicans into a territorial government, and place them on an equality with the people of the Uuited States. I proteat utterly against such a project. Hir, it is a remarkable fact, that in the whole history of man, as tiir as my knowledge extends, there is no in stance whatever ot any civilized colored races being ; equal to the establishment of free popular government, although by tar the largest portion of the human family is composed of these races. And even in the savage state we scarcely find them any where with such gov ernment, except it be our noble ravages—for noble 1 will call!them. They for tlie most part had free institutions,but they are easily sustained amongst a savage people. Are we to overlook thus tact ? Arc we to associate with our selves as equals, companions, and fellow-citizens, the In- I dians and mixed race ol Mexico ? Sir, I should consi } der such a thing as fatal to our institutions I The next two reasons which 1 assigned, were, that it I would be in /’““diet with the genius and character of ! otir institutions and su. l ‘ versive °* uUr ° vc *Tiiient. j i .u— i...cuirr as iney“ .' ,Ti iminiatelycon | nected ; and now of the first—to hold Mexico in sub [ jection. Mr President, there are some propositions too clear j for argument; and before such a body as the Senate, I shoii,., cos,;;. ,< *r it u loss of time to undertake to prove that to hold Mexico asd subjected province would be hostile, and in conflict with our free popular institutions, nnd in the end subversive of them. Sir. he who knows American Constitution well; —he who h*o duly stu died its character; —he who has looked at his history and knows w hat has been tlie effect of conquests of free states invariably, will require no proof at my hands to show that it would be entirely hostile to the institutions of the country, to hold Mexico asa province. There is not an example on record of any tree state even hav ing attempted the conquest of any territory appn*ach mg the extent of M.*xu*o without disastrous consequen ces. Ihe nation conquered have in time conquered the conquerors by destroying their lilierty. That will be oar case, sir Tue conquests of Mexico would ndd so vast an amount to the patronage of this government, that it would absorb the whole power ot the State in the Union. This Union would become imperial, and the Suites mere subordinate corporations. But the evil will not end there. The process will go on. The earn** process by which the power would be transferred from the Htntesol the Union, will transfer the whole from this department ot th** government (l spenk ot the leg islature) to th** Executive. All the added power and added patronuge which conquest will create, will pass to the Executive. In the end you put in the hands of the Executive the power of conquering you. You give to it, sir, such splendor, *uch ample means, that with the principle ol proscription which unfortunately prevails in our country, th struggle will be greater at eve ry presidential election tliuu our institutions can possi bly **ndure. The end of it will be that branch of the government will become nil-powerful and the result is inevitable—anarchy and despotism. It is as certain as that I ntu this day addressing the Senate. Sir, let it not be said that Great Britain furnishes an example to the contrary—that she holds provinces ol vast extent ol population without materially the liberty of the citizen, or exposing her to annrciiy, confusion or corrup tion. it is so But what is the explanation ? Ol all government* that ever existed affording any protection whatever to lilierty, the English Government far trails c* n!s them nil in that respect. She can b ar more pa tronage m proportion to her population and wealth than any government ol that form that ever existed ; nay.tj ?o lartb**r, than can despotism in its most absolute form. will not go into the philosophy of this. That would take nn-farther from the truck than l desire Bull will sny in* very lew words, it result* from th* fact that h*‘i Executive and (lie Huu.-- ol Peeis.Uu conservat.\.* branch ol her goveruwent. are both hereditary. The .omian government may u**ve exceeded and did exce* and the British government in ite power for conquest; but no people ever did exist, and probably, never will exist, wiih such u capacity for conquest aa that people But the capacity ol R- me to hold subjected provinces, was as nothing compared to that of Great Britain, and hence a * os the Roman power passed from Italy beyond the Adriatic on one wide, and the Alps on the othe r , and th<- Meditternn* a i, tin u Ids rt) fell proatrats—thaßo man |>eoplc became u rabbi* —corruption penetrated everywhere, and violence and anarchy ruled the day Nm\\ wEngland withdejs*nd*Mit provinoMof VIS* tly greater ferritoriai extent, and probably not less in populati >ii—— I iiave not exaini -ed—-we see her going on without impairing personal liberty or ex[Ki<mg the gov ernment to violeti< >or anarchy Vet the English nave not wholly est'Hped. Ailiiough th* y have temtiled their liberty and have not fallen into anarchy and despotism, yet we behold the imtmlaiion of Euglaial eruaheii to the earth by the superincumbent weight Ide /t Reflect ing on that government, 1 have often thought that there was only one way in wli.eh it could c-me to an end— V*at the weight *i the : uiM-rHtructure would crush the foundation—dial the wealth accumulated in pait by these very conqiM -is by the higher would crush the laboring mesws below. Butsiie abt dried indemni ty from all ni r subjected provinces ? Chi the contrary, ol drawing tbs mean* of HipjKirtmg b*r>eli tnm them, iittMshe notbi*en compelled to resot* to the labor of her own population to hold them in suty- ction ? And ha*hr not thrown a burden ujkjii them, winch, with all their industry and skill—with nil their vnst accumula tion of capital and power of machinery, they are inca pable of bearing without being reduced to poverty T Luke even her earliest and nearest conquest —tne neigh boring inland of Ireland—is it not to tins day a source of heavy expense, mid a burthen to her, instead of a source of revenue f Ifo* whHf tin* English government has such vast pow cr of holding coti*]u* a red provinces in sufyretion without impairing her liberty —without tlie evils incident to it, ourgov.mnient of all free governments that ever exist ed, hns the least capacity to bear patronage proportion to its wealth nnd power, in this respect th- genius of the two governments is precisely the opposite, howevsr inucli alike in their laws and euatotns. The cause **f tliiNiiiflerenc** I erinnot undertake to explain on the pre sent occasion, but must content myself by saying thai it icauils tioni its federal clmraeter and tlie nature of ita conservative principles. Hhali we, then, with these cer tain and inevitable oonaequeiicc* in a government bet ter calculated to resist them than any other, adopt such a ruinous policy, and reject the Ismona of experience f So much then Mr. I 1 resident, for bolding Mexioo as a province. Icon* now to proposition of incorporating her into our Union. Well, us fur as Isw is concerned, that is easy. You can establish a territorial government for eveiy spite in Mexico, and there are some twenty of th* in. Von can appoint governors,judge* mid ning a tiatcs. You can gyve the peopfe a suburdinap* govru tneut, allowing them to lendate for themselves, whilst >ou defray the coat. So far as law g<.* the thihg ia !on**. Ultra is no analogy between upland mtr terrt torml gv. rmne'its )ur” iriiorics