Newspaper Page Text
Vrr mconvt ni**m for them to suslam a government, .1 n
were forme. 1 ; and they are very much obliged to the
United St.lt - for undertaking the trouble, knowing that
on the attainment ot then majority—-when they come
to man!i .**d- -at twenty-one—they will be introduced
to an equality with all the other members of the Union
[t iti t lyi fl rent .;u \i- xioo \ov have non* ed
ot armies to keep your territories in subjection. But
whe-i von in., ‘j-orate Mexico, you must have powerful
rmies to keep them in subjection. \on may call it
mnexnfion, but it is a forced annexation, which i-*
tm.fiction in i*‘iins,according lo my conception —I
4 4,„ wjil he involved. i:i one word, in all the evils winch !
I attribute to holding Mexico as a province. In fact, it ‘
will i** but provincial government, under the name ot a (
territorial ;*>v* lament. How long will that last ? How j
long will a he before Mexico wi'l be capable ot incor- ,
Duration into our Union ! VN hv.if we judge from tin
examples before us. it will he a very long time. Ireland i
has iw.ll held m subjection by England for seven or eight
hundred years, and yet still remains hostile, although
her people ai .f kindred race with the conquerors. A
few French Canadians on this continent yet maintain
the attitude of a hostile licople ; and never will the tune
come, in my opinion, r President, that these Mexi
cans w ill tv i. artily reeonciied to yoir authority. I h<*j
have Castilian blood in their veins—the old f lotlnc, quit*
equal to tin Angio-Snxon in many res|jects—in some
respects su;. ;i >r Os all nations ot the earth,they an
the most pt'rtiv.i. >us—have the highest sense of nation
aluy—hold . a longest, and otten even with the leas
prospect ol effecting their object. On this subject al
1 have con eised with officers ol the army,and they al (
entertain the same opinion ; that these people are now
liosi tie, mid w ill continue so.
But, Mr President,suppose all these difficulties re
moved Suppose these people attached to our Union I
andd-SiU us ol incorporating with us,ought we tobrin*
th< ... Vn they tit to b connected with us! An
they tit for s. If-govcrnment and for governing you ! An
you any of you willing that your Suites should he gov
erned by tlit— twenty odd 51 -xican States, with a pop
ulation ot about only one nuUioi. of your blood, and two
or three miiu ..u u’ mixed hldo.l, informed, all
the I 1 vijually jgnoia,,!
and until for liberty, impure races, not as good os the.
Cb trokees oi ( hoc taws
We make a l li take, ar, w m i we suapoee that
all people are capable of self-government. We are an
xious to force ire** government on ail ; and I see that it
hits been urge i in a very respectable quarter, that it is,
the mission ot this country to spread civil and religious
liberty overall the world, and especially over this con
tinent. It is a great mistake. None hut people advan
ced to a very high state of moral and intellectual im
provement arc capable, in a civilized state, of maintain
ig fret* go\ mm nt . and amongst these who are so pu
litied, very I. w indeed, linv** had the good fortune of for
nuiig a Con.tituiion capable of ■ ndurtinee It is a re
i * ark able tad m the history of man that scarcely evei
have tree p , i. n institutions been form ’d by wisdom
flionc via l l,a . eiuiurcd
ft has been the work of fortunate circumstances or i
aii'Miiui; i of circumstances, a succession of for
lunate incul .. -of some kind, which ;iv t any peo
ple ai. v government. It is a very difficult task to
~ k* a (M miration to last, though it may be supposed
some that luey can be made to order and furmsiied
Uk* suorteHt notice. Sir this admirable Constitution
oi our own w as the result of a fortunate combination of
cum lances. It was superior to the wisdom of the
ten w m .• bn h tcforei 4 eii umsf ii
rich indue id them to adopt most onts wise previsions
Wc.i, *ir, of the few notions who have the good
fortune to adopt self-government few have had the good
Miuue long wMj to preasivs that government
•r it is hm\vr to preserve than to form it. Few people
alter ycdiri of prosperity, remember the tenure by which
tneii liberty is held ; and I tear, Senators, that is our
own condition. I fear that we shall continue to in
. *.ve out selves until our own system becomes a ruin,
on-, there is no solicitude now for liberty. Who talks
oi liberty when any great question conies up ? Her*
is a question ol the first magnitude as to the conduct ot
tins war ; do you hear any body talk about its effect up
on our liberties and our free institutions ? No sir
Tb it was not the case formerly. In the early stages of
gov< r iment the great anxiety was how to preserve
, ly. Tnegr- ut anxiety n.w is, is tor the attainment
ot mere military glory. In the one we are forgetting ,
the oilier. The maxim of former times was, that pow
er is always dealing from the many to the few ; the |
price of hn it. was perpetual vigilance. They were
constantly looking out and watching for danger. Then
when any • -at question came up, the first inquiry was,
how could it nff*ct our free institutions—how* could it
affect our lib ity Not so now. Is it because there
has been any decay of the spirit of liberty among the
people ! *\. t it all. I believe the love of liberty was
never in >re ardent, but they have forgotten the tenure
of liberty by which alone it is preserved.
We tiiiuk we may now indulge in every thing with
impunity, as if we lieidour charter of liberty by ‘right
divine”—from heaven itself. Under these impressions
wc plan: • into war, we contract liesvy debts, we in
crease the patronage of the Executive, and we even
talk of a crusade to force our institutions, our liberty,
upon all people. There is no sjieciee of extravagance
which out p- will imagine will endanger their lib
erty m any u . ■ ‘C. But it is a great mistake. The
. yof retribution will come. It will corneas certain j
:y is 1 am now addressing the Senate,ax:J when it does
e wc will lih the reckoning ; heavy the responsi
bility somewhere:
..lr. President, with these impressions I cannot ap
prove of the j • iicy recommended by the Executive,
ii can l, w.tti my present views, support it. The
qu< a.o.i ns now, what shall be done ? it is a great and
uilhcMi question, and it is daily becoming more and
l. .r .Uticult. What in to be done? Sir, that question
oagui not tote* for me l o answer. 1, who have used
very effort in iny pt w •• to pu vent tins war, and al
ter its comae *:iei rnent have done every thing in my pow
er to diminish the evil to the smallest possible amount—
out 1 w*h not brink from any responsibility whethei
it properly fi , O aiouie or not. After saying that 1
cannot support the cour-c recmnnietided by the Execu
tive, 1 uni proceed lo state that which I would propose
as the l>*st to be pursued. VN ell, then, I will say that
there is not the smallest chance of our disentangling our
selves from tills .Mexican concern which threatens us
so much—then has not been in my opinion the smal
last cha ium lomineiK ment **i the war atnii
tliis time, but by taking a defensive line, doing that
uow win i th Fre-.- dent recommends should le done
finally afief tin . otiqu si and taking indemnity into oui
own uands. To do ihir depends on our own volition,
and not mi th fi * ting consent of Mexico. Sir, if tun.
nadheeii am wed to tfie Senate when the Message o
he Fie.-idcut recount ending war was be.or.* them, —i,’
time had b - at. wed to the Senate 1 would have an
nounced tl* corns** of policy which l thought right, but
time was not permitted. My opinion was that wc
•lioui 1 ha\.- imply voted Taylor the im atm of defend
ing himself. Thai ought to have been done. Then
then sh tid . as* 1* inn rep at from the pvopet
Commit , m : into all the circumstances, showing
that tlie republic ot Mi xico had not yet recognized thes*
liostiliti* s—recommending u provisional army to be di
rected to a proper p> .at, giving time (othe Mexican
Congress and the Mexican people to have considered
wheiner they would avow or di-uvow the attack
upon us; and if’ no sat -laciioii were obtained no:
to make war in this set form but seize upon the |k>i -
tio is ol tb<* C ’untry co.itiguous and most convenient
to ui, and then have assumed the defensive im**. ‘J’lies.
my view.-, but un!<Kuuateiy, we were all actin.
he u ul* ran uige.icy wi bout time to reflect. We were
pu h * i on aud toid, if you do nut act to-day nothing
can be .in
Well now, sr, os to where the defensive line should
I*, .it ih *j r. •i. tin e, Ido not presume to offer an
Opinion i . ‘• ted <i line at the lust session. | am
t prepared tu say what would be the proper one at
at the pr -•ul time, but Id” say tii.il we must vucat.
tli ceutiui pails ot Vie xico. We must fall buck, if you
ciaK m‘ to use t 1 icword, or take a hue that sfia.. covei
ample tarntory lor iiuierimiiy.
ior my putt lam not for charging M xico w ith th*
whole r xpeuse of the w ar ;but 1 would t ike ample ter
i.l ay,and hold it able i to n goiiauon. Now, *r.i
know it will I Hind that tin ■* wifi lx* ns expensive u
the v. I lit uk 1 huv<* nod enough to sltow 1 1 m
Hint can .thatit will fall ar sdott of it, !*nt 1 wii
lid npt at th* urguuieiit. But udunitiiig it should ;ad
imUUig that by no means concln lea the argument ;fo.
:hc oacnfMH* *.i:. • n would Is* it.finitely t**sr,und what it
u. rt mqioitu i . >ou Will thereby b aide t* di- uumgl.
, . -i iis it* dy way by w ii • m I
■tone. \ uui* tied at pteaenl,us it were loacoiptr
My object i** lo get nd ot it tissoou us possible.
(look not to Mexico ; 1 l*k m our own countr)
4 iu*r institutions. I look to the liberty of this couu
and i Mr Pres d* it, if w.- but preserv*
• i liberty l>) t* prot*er comse f moderation, acimgjust
f kowai s our neighbor, and wisely in regard to our
, ■, if we reiuuin quiet, resting in idle and nmstei
, .. ctivity, ami let our uestinies work out their own
uits, w. .-I in 11 do more for liberty, not only tor our
*.. shut lor the example of muiikmd, thuu can be
d> if bvs thoufAiid victories.
.Sir, 1 find 1 Hiii becoming old; I almost feci that I
live among ahung is If I have expressrd anything
t is uuoongeiaul to Mi fe* lings ot this Itody, put ii
nit as pine**. ling from the old uss<>ciatii>iui *t ifiirt)
thirty-live y* u*> ago, which are still clinging around
i*. this is not the first tiui* I have taken my
send against war When lien. Jn**ksou rrcotninniu
e<i letters of itiaiqite and reprisal against France, I tiros*
alone in the tivn ate and remonstrute I ng* o i ouch in
justice And, in i*o:nt of met , the Treaty which was
subsequently i icfuded with Erunc *, was rutifi and with
the expo un rstanding, which was known to our
government wo • ti I'r. nty wnfonited,tint u w'ould
requires v il>. Chamfieisoa the jsirt of France to
sustain it, as it would r* quite u vote to sustain it on
tin part of tins country . and that they were no furtliei
responsible ifisn to us* tlieirbest efli.rts to obtain tint
vote And yei,th->ugh it wm seknowlsdgcti that th*
Exec ua vs ol Fi anetM don* ad in hw power to ob
tain the vot* , w<* w r** nearly nusfied into u war. Noth
ing but the im rpositiun of Ureal Hr man prevented it ,
As loriiiy*c]l,i>!umling on this side of th** (')iamber, I
raised my voi* singly against it.
Mr Fresiilent,in my **pimou sllpmtbw arc interested
In giving tins ip.:ter ibe only direction that can lie giv
en to a with any prospect of a favorable rrsufl. uet
me say to the fn* i<ioftlie Adniiiustratton, if you goon
*s i.4 *• de.n docs not meet yon -if yen g*'ii in th *
pi* cutioti of this war from year to year, you will find
tbai it will on •hrow yo i Do you not sec that as for
■ * oft;. f.vvrnuiKnt are concern* and
yo* aiv leveling the* policy *f which you have hetrto
fore pfnfrso’d i 1 ■ the aj. cos * Wbut party tuts
•r**’! ‘ It hie re-< .a;oii ot a great national
debt ?—\he IHniscratJc or R. publican jwrty Well
* r, tin w.*r <s involving y-nt in a greater debt than the
i o • j rtj u iv* <l*>r.e, j>erhsps, Inonyehoum
• 4?k**> m,■. it •! v. or Th ■ v*■ ty * ii!ip ugu, wludi you
i mk u;* t is**will Is atiUost u* great a diarg*
o k.ii liie c*iMnuy <WW tVlrt of the UevoTutiun What
P Vjf uiw j becnag. otMt Ui** t'otension of the Ex
tcuuve palrormg Wflliir you are rfamg more to-1
Wai. . rind ab-ve til to
W ■l*. , i .| ft*9t
Well, sir, whai
What party ha* always been in fkv**r **l Free Trade!—
Do you not see that by accumulating charges and bur
dens upon the people by the debts which have now
been contracted, you never will during your time have
an apportunity of making any considerable reduction
in the Tariff?
Sir, 1 know what is at the bottom of the com*** of
policy which is recommended to Im* pursued. It is that
pride of opinion to which we ore all subject. No doubt
it was thought that that course of policy would lend to
the consequences which were contended for ; hut if has
not But, sir, the alternative is pressing. You will
have the choice between that and the worse, in my
opinion. It is ningniniinous nnd honorable to retract
when a course of policy which has been pursued
turns out t> be wrong. It would do great credit to the
party in power to act now precisely as they would have
acted if they had nil the liglits of'experience ut the com
mencement of this war which they now have. _lt
would be doing a high act of patriotism, to sacrifice
their feelings ot individual pride to the good of the coun
try
Now let ine say that in asserting that a defensive line
was the only alternative to the plan recommended by
the President, I have put out ol the question the
course wh.ch hum of you advocate—making no indem
nity ot territory ; liecause, I believe that the voice of
the country has decided irrevocably against it; and
that to keep.it as the alternative would but render more
certain the adoption of the policy recommended by the
Executive, and in consequence the conquest ot th**
who'e country U**t me say farther, to my friends on
the other sure of the Chamber, lor I regard them as such
—(it is our good.fortune todiflej iu politics here, with-,
out permitting oui personal feelings to he affected)— 1
that they hnve contributed by their cours** to give the
public opinion that strong mid fixed determination, not
to terminate the war without some suitable indemnity.
I do not allude to your voting on the hill recognizing
the existence of wur between the republic of Mexico
ami the United States. No one knows better than my
s*lf, that you vote* I for the bill v ith the view of furnish
ing immediate relief to (leneral Taylor and bis army—
and not in reference to the war—that you even protest
e 1 and remonstrated ngain-t that interpration being put
upon your vote. Hilt 4 r rtt**r the bill paMw<j.nnd the war
was authorized, most of you have continued to vote ap
propriations to prosecute the war with the object ex
pressed of acquiring territory as nn indemnity. Now, I
must say, I cannot see how the two can be reconciled
—how your vote to acquire territory can be justified,
and at the same time your opposition to the acquisition
of territory ns means of indemnity, when it is acknowl
edged on all sides, that that is th** only means by which
it can be acquired. The people will find it hard to be
lieve that if was necessary to vote so much money for
the purpose of getting territory for indemnity, which
you intend to throw away when you get it! But what
ever may the causes which hnve led to this state of pub
lic opinion, it lias, beyond all doubt,decided gainst any
conclusion of this war that does not involve territorial
indemnity to some extent. Hence 1 repeat the alterna
tive whether this war shall go and consummate it
self, is between taking n defensive line and adopting
tfie course pointed out by the Executive, and that the
decision must Im* made now : for if it be passed over un
til another session, the end will he, 1 doubt not, the sub
jugation of the whole country, thereby involving us in
in all the difficulties and dangers which must result
from it.
Now, l have delivered my opinion with that candor
and frankness which. I hoj>e, ntay become my position 1
on this floor. I shall now propose nothing, hut if I find
that I can lie supported in these my views, I will mule
take to raise a committee to(ielilx*ratc, after con u ting
with those oflieers who are now fortunately infthis city,
upon the best defensive line that can In* taken. If it
should be fortunately adopted, we may not get peace im
mediately The war may |continue tor some years,
but we will accomplish that all important considera
tion, the extrication ot ouraelvea and the country from
this entanglement with Mexico.
Results of Hail Ronds.
The last number of the American Kail Rond Journal
publishes the following interesting facts about Kail-
Koads :
By refer ing to the first number of the Journal—dated
January SM, 1832—we find that there were then in use
the following roads, viz :
Baltimore and Ohio 61 miles.
Albany nnd Schenectady \'i “
Charleston, S. C 20 “
Mauch Chunk D “
Quincy, Mass 6 “
Making in this country about IHO miles.
while there was not then half that extent in all Europe
completed ; whereas now there is in this country at
h ast tour thousand five hundred miles in constant use [
and about six thousand miles completed in Europe—by j
which the mode of travelling ami the transaction ot bus- :
iness is nearly revolutionised.
We find,also, that coal was selling in New York at i
that time, for Jit teen dollars a ton ! and hickory wood ;
at thirteen dollars a cord l Whereas,at the present j
time, the first may lie got lor i|5,50 to $6 per ton, and
the latter at $7 p**r cord, delivered. Then the people
ot New York paid, in winter, 6 to 8 cents a quart so
milk, but now they g* t a better article for I to 5 cents.
The evidence, of tne advantage ot railroads to the peo
ple of New York, may be interred from the amount of
a single article carried on the New York and Erie road
J--.„ 4i, a J.BMJ ****** viz: ten million quarts of milk —l
whicii at tin* toriner average price, sil ccuw,
s<>oo,ooo, and at the present average price, 44 cents,!
the saving, on what passes over this road alone, will be
$150,000 a year—hut, us not more than one-third, if
even that proportion,of the milk used m this city comes
by tins iuie, the aggregate economy to the people of
N* w York, on milk alone, one of the smallest items of
expense ofbouse-keeping, is over $450,000 a year!! But
New York is not uloue. If such ure the advantages to
New York, from her short lines now in use, how much
greater will they be when her roads, now under way,
shall be completed.”
Randolph find the Clergy.
In a debate in the Virginia Convention of 1829
’3O, oil u proposition to exclude ministers from being
elected to the legislature, John Randolph said—‘Figure
to yourselves, sir, a minister o’ the gospel of peace
about to reprove tor his sms, a man of wealth and in
fluence in nis county, having at the same time a desire
to represent that com ty. This is no exclusion on ac
count of the profession of any opinions. It is an ex
clusion of ail occupation ; of an occupation incompati
ble with the discharge of the duties ol a member of
either branch of the legislature The task of legisla
tion is nt war with the duties ot the pastor. The two
are utterly incomputable. No man can busy himself in
electioneering tand in these times who can be elected
without it?) —no man can mingle m legislative cabals.
1 say no man can touch that pitch without being defiled
No man can so employ himself wilhout being disqualified
for thorn* sucred duties which every minister of the gos
pel takes upon himself, and for which he is accountable ;
not to his constituents at home, but to th** God who
mude linn, aud who will cuii him to a much more rig
orous account than that he renders to his parishioners.
There is an indecency in this thing. We have heard
much about exclusion of the ladies, but there is not
greater indecency and incompatibility in a woman's
thrusting hersell into a political assembly and all iu*ca
bsls, that a clergyman's undertaking tie same tiling, i
One of lh<* greatest masters o! the human heart, and
of politicut piidosophy too, declares that while the
French are in their manners more deferential t<> woman
than any oilier people, they have less reul esteem tor
woman than any other nation on earth. Let me illus
trate this. The l urk shows that he values his wile by
locking her up ; it is to be sure a mistaken mode, but he
allows that he estimates the value ol the ireusute by
putting it under lock and key The F uchinun pei
imiN his wile to mingle in political aiiaua; nnd it
Madunu- Roland had not been engaged in sucii affairs,
Madame Roland would never hove ascended the scaf
fold. It women will unsex themselves and if priests
(what shall I say ? ) will degrade themselves by ming
ling in scenes and m affairs tor men, they will loose the |
deference they now enjoy ; they will he treated roughly
—like men. Just so it is with priests They loose ail
deference which belongs and which is pmd to their office
(wiit tliei 1 4. v merit it or no.) Rely upon it, it you pr
nut priests to h * inn l members ol the legislature, they
wffi soon constitute a huge portion Ol ail your asoem
blies ami it bus been truly said that no countries were
so ill governed n*< ‘hose which were ruled by the coun
sels *>Twomen, except such as have been governed by I
the counsels of priests.”
Nut** for the Abolitionist*.
We copy MVS the ( hat eston Courier of the fith Inst
** the paragraph which will be found below,from the Al
•xandria uuMitte. Scenes of i similar description are
of daily occurence in our fettat**. The viNituiion of tlu*
planter to hi* csiale in the full of the year, is flailed w ith
universal joy by the slaves, and his departure the * nsuinz
spring is a time of regret and sorrow l >unng the holy
days it is only necessary to visit tin* plantations m South
Carolina, to convince the mind of any observer, that the
slaves are ns happy and eo ‘tented a people us the labor
ing e.assotuuy i.uiercoutiliy in the woiid/’
“ We wish softie of the ruu-imJ Northern AMition
ists eould have been present, aud w itnessed n scene on
the line of one of th*- Ynginis railroads lust week. It
wss Hi**.parting between u family of slaves and their
unstress, u wulow lady, who hud been to spend the
Christmas holidays ou hrr farm, and was returning to
ntsv during ls vuit* rin a neighboring city Her slaves,
male and temule,old and young, to toe number of twen
ty or thirty, accompanied their unstress to the railroad,
and there took leave of h* r wuh such affecting demon
strations of gratitude and affection, that there were hut
few dry ry*s among the lookers on Thcjf*implored
blessings upon her head, crowded aiound Uci with pray
er* lor her welfare and happiness,and held up then chil
dren to her that they too might look upon otic whom
they so loved,and who, it was evident, cared so much
for their welfare. As long ns the ears rem.imcd ill then
sight, they stood wuvmg their huts and liaukerciuets,
and sending after their mistress their e\id*ntly heart
felt wishes tor her health and safe ty, and their hope for
her *|MH*fy return. The good lady, overpowered with
the scene, sank in her sent and sobbed aloud.”
Eclipse* in I*l*.
There will be six : four of the sun nd two of the moon
March sth, a partial eeiqsie o! the sun, vi*ib|p. March
lihb.a total eclipse of the moon, partially visible A
pril if,eclipse of the sun. invisible August 28t!i.anoth
er eclipse of the sun invisible. September 12th n total
eclipse of the luoon, visible. September 21th. a total
eclipse ot (be pi?i invisible.
Naif n I'nnl >1 hiiure for Celery.
A root and a stalk of Celery weighing fourteen pounds
without the leaves, and measuring fourteen inches iu
afoimifcrencr.wag exhibit** 1 st n recent meeting of the
Citirinnnh llort-uit irsl Society It was exhibited to
show th** Value of salt ass manure for this plant, the g**u
tlemon who raised the article having made the ex*
pcniiient of treating portion of his plants in the onli
riPTUi'ta “ P* rt th** l ” with *lt. Th *
MACON, GEORGIA.
WEDNESDAY, JAN. I!), IM-.
FOR PRESIDENT,
GEN. ZACHARY TAYLOR.
The Northern
We find it utterly impossible to keep up any con
nected chain of the Northern n*w. Sometimes w*
get no papers north of Charleston for three or tour days
in succession, and men they come to us in regular
scriptural order, “ the lasi first and the first last.” The
usual time for the Washington city pnjieis is eight to
ten days. Is not this a most glorious state of affairs?
Mr. Cave Johnson quarrels with the Richmond Line
alsjut the pitiful sum of twelve and a half dollars per
mile for carrying the great Southern Mail. The case
is brought before Congress, and that body at nil expense
of $3,000 per day discuss the question for ten days*
thus costing the country $30,000 to settle a question in
volving some $6,000 or SB,UK). The public scrv.c *, in
the mean time, is wholly neglected, and the miscalled
mail facilities of the country are a perfect nuisance—a
“stench in the nostrils of the people.” If the Repre
sentatives in Congress have any regard for the wishes
of the people, instead of spending time and money in
discussing particular cases, they should pass a resolu
tion requesting the President to remove Mr. Johnson
from office,and to appoint some fit nnd competent per
son in Ins place. One thing is plain, he ought to lie re
moved either for incompeteney or neglect of duty. Ii
he has capacity to fulfil the duties of Ins office, he ought
to lie removed for shameful neglect of the public inter
ests. If he is non-competent, and must be supported
for partizan considerations, then let Congress vote him
a pension ut once, and send him back to Tennessee.—
This course should be adopted simply as a greatJ/oa
cial and moral measure! It would save the govern
ment a vast expenditure of money and the Post Master
General from the unrestricted cursings oi at least nme
tenths of the people of this Union.
Mr. Calhoun’s Speech.
We give place to the speech of Mr. Calhoun upon
the Mexican war ; first, because it is the production of
a great man, and second, because it isn great speech.
Though we do not agree with Mr. Calhoun in all his
positions, we advise all men of all parties to study his
speech with care os it is destined to make a deep im
pression upon the mind and heart of the nation.
New Drug Store*.
We call attention to the advertisement of Dr. Town
send, of Perry, Houston county, who has opened in that
place a fine assortment of Drugs, Medicines, Paints,
and all other articles usually kept by persons in his line
of business. By the way,our country trieiidsare begin
ning to set a good example before our city patrons,
in the matter of advertising. They ought never tc for
get that, in influence, the newspaper is only second to
the “ almighty dollar,” nnd that there is scarce one in’
stance in fifty where a man continues to prosper and
grow in business, who has not been materially aided by
a judicious system of advertising. We have several
instances of striking significance in Macon, where
young houses are making heavy inroads upon the busi
ness of old established firms, mainly because of their
foresight and energy in this particular.
The Tuscumbia Rail Rond.
We observe by an advertisement in the Chattanooga
Gazette that the Tuscumbia, Courtland nnd Decatur
Rail Road has been leased by Messrs Van llusen.
Downs &, Cos. for the ensuing season. The Company (
pledge themselves to place the road in proper repair and
to attend strictly to ihe despatch of business. Wc*
question much whether the work alluded to will ever
be found to be profitable until it is directly connected
with the Memphis Branch road at Rome, Georgia
That being done, it will become an important line in th
; great chain of improvements connecting the Atlantic
with the west.
The Muscogee Rail Road.
It will be seen by the advertisement in another column
; that proposals Wifi be received until the 10th of February ‘
j next, for the grading and masonry of the whole line of
the above Road from Columbus to Bamesville. We
rr - *■’ <>* il>4i Wpsi waking uu
! to the importance ot a connection with the balance o‘
the world, and trust that the day may speejily arrive |
’ when (inr triend Winter, may he enabled to substitute
I th e Locomotive and a magtuheent tiain ol Hail Road
Cars lor his present “coach ami four.”
Tri-Weekly and Weekly Republic.
We have the gratification of acknowledging the te
j ceipl of the first numbers of both the above papers.
I published by our friend James M. Smvthe Esq. ol Au
1 gas la. They are nest, elegant, well filled sheets, and
we most Cordially comm end them to the support ol our
Whig friends generally. Mr. Smyibe has been well
, known lor several years as the principal writing editor
I ol the Chronicle h, Sentinel, and all who were
conversant with that sheet must be aware of its inr
provement aud prosperity while under his editorial con
troul and management. He is a ripe scholor.an accom
plished gentleman, und a ready aud pointed writer
\V e cannot suppose that one wiio is so lavourahly known
to the Whigs ot Georgia, and whose labours have been so
efficient iu die good cause will he allowed to fait ul so
’ praiseworthy an enterprise as that in which Mr. rinrythe
is now engaged. We cordially extend to him the cuur
’ tesies ol the prolcssiou accompanied with our must
hearty wishes lor Iris success.
We will take pleasure mexibiting the Republic lo al|
who desire to examine it, ami in fowarding the names
ol those who may wish to suhseiilie.
American Whig Review.
| The January number ot the Review, contains an en- !
graved likeness ot the Rev. Dr. Chalmers, and the us- \
ual variety of political and miscellaneous mutter. The i
a immwlrutoisof the lain Editor, Mr. Colton, announ
ce that the work will he continued under the control ‘
olthe Hon. D. D. lUrneru and James D. Whei.pi.ky j
Hs.| us Editors both these gentlemen have been cou- I
nee ted with the Review tor several years, and are fa
vorably known as able writers in their respective de
partments.
Th e Florida l/rgislntim*.
This body adjourned on the eighth inst after a session
l of forty eight days Among many other acts passed,
we notice die following of importance, via
Ist. To Compensate Jurors out of the Slate Treas- 1
ury.
ad. To pay Solicitors a salary us fsoo per annum in
lieu of all other compensation.
3J. To increase the existing taxes do per cent. The
Legislature also elected Col. Lancaster lute Speaker of
the House, Judge of the Southern Circuit. He isunahle
Lawyer, an accomplished gentleman and will till th r
station with distinguished ability. The Legislature ol
Florida will meet again in the autumn of I did and
thereafter biennially.
The Hull Rolling.
A Hireling of the citizens of Eulauls, Alabama, was
to have taken place on thr Hffi inst. preparatory to a
general meeting to be hel*! at some future day to take
into consideration the propuuy of diverting the South
Western Ran Road tium the more .Soumem crossing i
of the Chattahoochee to thut place. We have no idea 1
that the Hoad wrffl terminate either at Fort Gaines or
any other point on the Cha tahooehcc ; hut of this we
feel confident, that a Branch road to Euiaula, would
secure to that place more than double the cotton uow
received there and perhaps buffd a up as a rival of Col
u.nbus tie iv** if
IH'Utli of John 11. I*nttt'u.
We regret to notice the death of tlr above nnm<*d
gentleman, formally of Chum County, but more recently
Private Secretary to His Lxcellency Governor Town*,
lie won inoet amiable and agrealde gentleman and in
hi* ollic.ul relations at the Capital,(lining the session of
the I* gesture had won many devoted Iriemls. His
remania have been carried to Camville lor interment.
Finn Pictures.
Mr CaEKY,stilleoutinu* to take most inimitable
Daguerrenn likeness at Apollo Hull. We have recent*
ly examined several of his specimens, (both single and
group*) and are coni|*lled to any that he has succeeded
loall appearance in bringing the art to projection. It
is scarcely conceivable how his pictures coui I be in-j
proved. Buefi an artist should be encourage.l. The ‘
citizens of Macon will not be likely soon to have ano
ther such opportunity, ns persons and hia skill and sue- 1
cess, can always tind more profitable empHryment in lar
ger cities. Ilis iaiinly groups a c inimitable.
(iovcinmeiit Hipciitcs.
An official statement made by tlm Register of the
United States Tn aaii'y, shows that Uia expenditures o|j
The Telegraph at Last*
In anticiration of the opening of the Telegraph, be
tween Charleston and th*.* Cit.esof the North (which it j
H believed, will take place during the pres
ent week,) ■** Proprietors ot the line,have established n
temporary kgency in this City, through which com
munications may be sent and replies received,from any
point on thr hue between Charleston and Portland,
M *ii/, or th** Western Cities in three days.
Mr. J. B Ftonv, the Agent, may lx* found nt the
store of .Messrs Scott, Carhnrt A Cos., nnd will take
pleasure in attending to the calls of business men and
citizen! generally.
Thaik (*>d, we have nt last some slight prospect of
being tendered permanently independent of Cave John
son's low line.
.llarMiHl of Georgia*
W notice that Thomas M. Griffin, well nnd favora
bly hiown in this community, has been appointed mar
shalif the state, vice Henderson Willingham Esq. re
signed.
New Method of Raising Water.
We have examined the newly invented Engine, for
raising water, which is advertised by Mr. Knode, in our
paper to-day, and li.nve no doubt of its importance, and
the advantage which it possesses over any similar in
\ention ol the kind. Though the machinery now used
by Mr. 'Knode is imperfect, yet it sufficiently devel
opcs tlf* principles of the invention,and proves that
with oproper apparatus, water muy be raised to any de
sired bright with great facility and with coinparitively
little power.
Tennessee l*rodncc Coining.
The Dalton Eagle states thata gentleman from Ten
nessee, is in thm place with several hundred bushels of
apples destined for the Macon and Savannah markets.
We trust that he may be amply rewarded for his labour
and reedve such encouragement as may induce him to
come alain, and bring others with him. If these
Roads t#e to be of any service to the country which
they penetrate, it must he !>y encouraging the trans
portitiin of all classes of produce. The amount oj
cotton|trown must lx* to a great extent, limited, hence
w*e thick the true policy of the roads is to carry the in
crior jroduce of the country merely at remunerating
prieesjn order to cheristh and buffd up that particular
class ff trade.
Mitcoi!— Her lf'isine****—Prospects, Arc.
Wl notice with very peculiar pleasure the growing
prosperity of our city. Public attention in all parts ot
Georgia and adjacent States,seems thouroughly arous
ed to tke | osition and business facilities ol the place
Professional men, business men, and capitalists, are
conrfnntly making inquiries in regard to the prices of
property, and several of them liave already established
thrir “ household gods” in our midst. We allude to
thise facts merely as evidences of the tendency of pub
lic sentiment, and of the probable results likely to flow
fr<jn those advantages enjoyed by Macon, both ns a
pllce of residence and business. To unequalled health
fulness and salubrity of climate, have already been ad
ded the facilities of easy access to every part of the
State. In the very heart of population and enterprize,
nnd with an annual receipt of cotton amounting from
l-tt to 110,000 bale?, tto other roeults should have been
anticipated, and hence the only matter of astonishment
is, thata greater amount of substantial capital has not
hitherto found its way hither from every portion of the
South. No where could such capital lie more profitably
employed. Already some thirty or forty thousand bales
of cotton have accumulated in the ware houses. This
immense mass is daily increasing. During a short stroll
through the streets, on Thursday of last week, we
counted (as early ns 9 o’clock in the morning) over one
hundred cotton wagons, discharging the great staple
or receiving supplies for plantation and country
consumption. During that day alone there were re
ceived between two thousand aid twenty-fire hun
dred bales ot cotton. This produce must all find a
market; and strange to say, we are almost wholly de
pendent tor this forward movement upon the operations
of a lew agencies of Banks located nt a distance. Th**
planters, the merchants, all are at their tncrey, if they
see proper to be exacting. We have every confidence
in the gentlemen having control of those institutions
still they are but the agents of others, nnd are bound to
obey instructions. It has occurred to us as Strangely*
uiiarly anomalous, that in a place like Mocon, trans-
ct business Ot from SIX l*> • i-m 04. u .t
even nine millions of dollars annually,every important,
nay, almost every unimportant, monied negotiation,
should be made through the agency of third parties in
distant places. Surely these tilings ought not thus to
be. The reason of it is not, as has been alleged, that
Macon is deficient in those qualities necessary for the
proper control of Banking institutions. The truth is,
that the institutions which previously existed here,
were generally in the hands of men without capital*
and who established them lor the purpose of borrowing
instead of loaning money. Leagued together for the
pm pose of sustaining each other in ffieir necessities, a
rational public could scarcely have anticipated any thing
but disaster from placing confidence in the notes of
such institutions. Since then, however, times have
changed, and Macon has changed with them The
veiy difficulties of procuring money have thrown our
merchants more upon their own resources, their busi
ness has been restricted, their means have been hus
banded, and they have gradually hud the foundation of
permanent business prospects. But beyond thi-*, they
have not individually the means of sustaining the
necessary Banking institutions, and business suffers in
a corresponding degree. It is ap{mrent to every one
that there is net capital enough in the place for its husi
mse wants. If other c ties were destitute of these fa
cilities, perhaps it might be us well for matters to re
main as they now are ; but while the business men ot
Augusta, Savannah und Charleston can fall hack upon
their Banks iti times of commercial restriction, it is bu t
proper that those of Macon should have similar advan
tages, without the annoyance and expense of distant
acceptances, or without passing the oideal of the Bank
parlors of neighboring cities. Hence we are hnppy to
leain that business inen, men of capital and enterprise,
ure looking to Macon ns a place ot residence and one
eminently adapted for busin* ss purposes. It augurs
well for tin* future, and leads us to hope for important
changes in the business and bunking relutions of the
place and surrounding country.
NEW IIOOKS.
We have received from the Messrs Harpers the fol
lowing new works viz:
1 Ellen Herbert or Jamilf change* —Tins is another
of those touching little which compose the “Fire
side Library/’ which are very ncuiiy gotten up with ill
ustration*. and lire moral tendency of which is wholly
unexceptionable.
*i. The Hoyt Winter Booh -giving descriptions of
the seasons,scenery and rural hie,with illustrations Ac.
Slc. It forma a part of“ Boy's Own Library’ und.ia one
of an agreuble and instructive series of Books lor youth.
3. The 1 ontulnr t itiet of < hinn par t ‘l —This is one
i of the most important and instructive works, in r< gaid
I to Chuia, whicii has been giveu to tiie public in many
year*. Tire author, though not permitted to iwnctratc
to the interior of the ‘Celestial Bee Hive/’ has,never
theless, managed to gather a vuat amount of information
touching the manners, habit, iusioims, religion,climate
agriculture &c. &0. ot the Chinese. It is indeed a
most vul unble Book and may be studied with profit by
1 by both the religious and secular n-ader.
4. I*irtonal HwUny of England —*Yo. 33—This
number conclude* tlie third volume of the work and
bungs the history of Imglaiul down to the commence
ment of the Revolution of It*is. As we have lint been
favoaui with the intermediate numbers, we are uot able
to speak of the rharacter of the volume at large. We
meution this matter because we believe that the Messrs
Harper do not belong to thut class of publishers, who
impose upon the press by sending occasional numbers of
works, to procure notice*, without any intention of sen
ding the remainder It is no doubt uu unintentional
omission; still, wear*’ resolved to notice no books, what
ever may be their merits mil **oll the number* are fur
nished, much less are we disposed to aid tu giving not one
ty to publishing bouses, by gutlieiing up the odiilfrom
their book stall* and |uimmg it oil* upon the public os
mtelectuiilliiod worthy to be placed before either the pre
vent or rising generation, ll publishers desire proper noti
ces they cun send the right elm* of U ok*; othrv|s’ they
must expect to bate their fervors (f) priced upon, either
in silence, or with oenaure. Book notices, tube of ben
efit evm to tin* publishers, should r> fe*r to valuable,stan- |
dtrd w orks such a*can be honestly reqnuiiiicnded to the
reader, and a* tuay be read with pffdjt; and not such na
arc puffed merely lor the purpoee of imposing upon pur
chaser*.
The Harpers, we are happy lo say, form nn In storable
exrejitjon to Urn general rule pursued by pu lish.rs in
regard to this mitter We speak tir m *rr pi ttil> there,
fore because, we presume, th y vs'dl not be lrk> !y totsk--
oflenco wliere none is parp and w here tii- remarks
made are so plainly intended to correct a tio.is exist*
Gen. Taylor it* he ii.
The following truly graphic portrait of Gen. Tylo r
is taken from a long and interesting letter from the Editor
of the Southern Christian Advocate, who is at present
on a visit to the Mississippi Conference of the Metho
dist Episcopal Church. The writer is <o well and so
favorably known to the people of Georgia, that w *
need not say a word in regard to the faithfulness of the
likeness Let every man, woman mid child in Georgia
read the sketch and then ask themselves if indeed the
a* l ? or nation foieproduced another such character and
if lie is not well worthy to till the chair of Washing
ton and the place of Washington in the hearts of the
American people?—The Editor says:
“At 11aton Rouge, where we touch a few minutes to
take in passengers, there stands, in company with two
or three other gentleman, an elderly plain-looking
man, who, altera brief leave-inking, i otnes onboard.—
\V c shove off, the breakfast bell rings, and we find our
way to the table. 1 observed that the entrance of ou r
new fellow-voyager occasioned a subdued remark, and
brought upon him the curious glance of several specta
tors ; and whispering to the clerk, who wus about to
take the head of the table, 1 asked who he was ? “Gen
enil 1 uylor,” was the reply. “ Indeed !” Lucky chance
thought 1, that threw me on board this craft. There
was the veritable “ Rough and Ready” sitting opposite ,
me, sipping his coffee ; the meet remarkable man, in
many respects, on the Western hemisphere. 1 had
i missed the gorgeous spectacle of his New Orleans re
ception—the most magnificent aflhir which had ever
shaken that city with excitement; but vastly better, I
had lum now where I could see and study the man—a
j muu vv ‘*ost- name belongs to history and whose achieve
ments place him side by side with the great captains of
j the world.
1 he first thing that struck me was his simplicity, an
unfailing attribute of true greatness. lie ate, and talk.
and and carried lumself with the uustudied euseof a little
child. \ou would have supposed him some plain coun
try gentleman, who dreamed not of attracting a look or
calling out a remark. Ail right in that line, thought I
but how different looking, and better looking, than the
million ol lithograph likenesses which stare you in the
face at the shop windows and everywhere else. There
is in the living original none of that extreme breadth
bctw en the chin and the back of the head, very little of
the protusion of the lower hp to be tound in the litho
graphs. In a w’ord, they are a bundle of caricatures,
one and all. He is precisely the height of your present
correspondent; has a considerable sprinkle of grey haira,
is sixty-two years of age, erect and firm when on his
feet, with one of the kindliest expressions of face you ev
er saw. He had on a common blue frock coat with flat
buttons, the covering of which was worn off, showing
tiiat it belonged to an order of things which had passed
away some two or three years ago. Still his dress as a
whole was suiiiciently becoming, though exhibiting no
trace whatever of the military. As we rose from the
break fast table I was introduced to the old hero. I told
him I was from South Carolina, and rejoiced in the good
fbrtune which had allowed me to to see him and tell
him how much the people of my native State honored
and loved him. His eyes filled with tears as he shook
my hand warmly ; and I saw that the simple assurance
of love could affect profoundly a man who faced the
storm ofbnttle with a nerve that never moved. Hiscon
versation exhibited fine clear common sense, without
the slightest tinge of any sort of affectation or personal
vanity. In the course of the day he gave me the details
of 6 rral battle of Buena Vista, the key to all the suc
cesses of the American arms in Mexico. Had that field
been lost, the fate of the war would have been entirely
different, even though indomitable courage might in the
long run have cut its way to the Mexican capital. That
victory, won against odds so vast, gave a prestige to A
inerican valor that made the subsequent battles com
paratively easy afiairs.
But 1 must put a curb upon my galloping pen or you 1
w ill never see the end of this epistle. The General i
remained with us until after breakfast the next morning,
and was landed at kisown residence on the river, some
distance above Natchez. I smiled to see the Republi
can simplicity with which a couple of his negroes, field
hands, who happened to be at the landing, walked up
as he got on ahoie, and shook hands with him without
doffing hat or cop, and the expression ot delight with
which they looked into his face as he spoke kindly and
familiarly to them. Our engine bell ;ang as soon as he
touched the shore, and we were off
The Speakership—Mr. Holmes.
| We give below the letter ot tne non. Isaac E. Holmes
I to the C harleston Mercury, explaining his motives lor
j ai( ling n the election of the present Speaker of the
i House of Representatives.
Walhington, Jan., 1848.
! To the Editor of the Charleston Mercury:
j Sir :In on editorial article you have thought proper
: lo condemn my refusal to vote on a third ballot against
: \lr. Wwthrop ; ami you commence your essay by a
I remark : “That you had hoped that Mr. Holmes would
j have explained his course to his constituents.”
As you have called on me thus publicly lor an expla
nation, 1 shall give it.
The Southern Whigs, opposed to the Wilmot Proviso,
nominated Mr. Wintiirof in caucus in opposition to a
majority oi the Northern Whigs, who were m favor of
the Wilmot Proviso, and who opposed the nomination
of Mr. Winturop. Why this? Because Mr. Win
tiirof had leen successful in defeating the Wilmot
Proviso in the Massachusetts Whig Convention. This
circumstance I thought was well calculated to attract
the attention of Southern men. In addition to this,
when the voting commenced in the House, the Aboli
t.onists were found voting against Mr. Winthbof. My
attention was arrested by the fact. 1 saw at once that
the Abolitionists were playing in Congress the precise
game so skilfully played in the States of New Hamp
shire and New York, viz . acting as a balance party,
and though small in numbers, contriving to control af
fairs My attention being thus roused, I made inqui
ries of the precise mode of action by which the Aboli
tionists proposed to effect their object, and I did learn
that they had proposed to Mr. Wimthbop to vote for
him as Speaker, provided he would give them the or
ganization of the important Committees: the Judiciary
Territories, and District of Columbia, upon Abolition
principles, with a view to abolish slavery in tins District,
prevent its introduction into any new Territory, repeal
the act which compels the return of the fugitive slaves
atul defeat the law of my own State in relation to the
entrance ot colored persons within our limits. That
Vlr. Winturop preferred to lose the Speakership rather
than comply with these stringent demands. This fact
was leurnt during the progress of the third ballot.
The danger to me was manifest. The Democrats
would not vole for a Whig, and therefore a Southern
Whig could not lie elected. The Northern Whigs
would not vote for a Democrat from the South ; because,
with few exceptions, the Northern Whigs are opposed
to slavery. I
The Abolitionist* would not vote for any Southern
•nan —be he Whit? or Democrat. How then could the
House lie organized T
In one mode only : by the Northern and Wilmot
Proviso men merging every consideration into Aboli
tion, and electing an Abolitionist or Wilmot Proviso
mail upon tle condition* proposed to and rejected by
■ Mr. WiNrHßop.
I send you the correspondence between Mr Fai.prky
and Mr. Wimtmbop. ‘Phis correspondence will sub
stantiate these lacts ; and now Ink, ought 1, with this
knowledge, to have placed the organization of the
House in the hands of the Abolitionists? Ought I,*
sentinel on un outpost, to have hesitated, in an unet
pec ted approach of danger, to defend the great, the by
tor grmttl ol all, intriests committed to me by a gen
‘■rou* constituency ? 1 did not hesitntn. Ail party con
siderations faded before the deep, intense, burning nc
i cessity. lat once acted,acted promptly, and 1 grant
decisively. Mr. WiKTMRor wua elected,and the Aboli
-1 tiomsta defeated
The committees have been properly organized, and
Mr Palvrky. Mr. Giddinjm, an I Mr Tuci excluded
from the ini)>ortatit muiiiittees they were so anxious to
control.
1 have thus acted ; and I have the satisfaction to
Know that when 1 explained the grounds on which I
act ‘d, 1 have the approval ol wtiuos judgments 1
deem eminent upon such subjects. The times are full
ol perils- perils to the country general!)—perils to the
South emphatically. 1 acted under a bur ml responsi
bility If in the exercise of that responsibility! have
incurred tle disapprobation of the editor of the Mercury,
I regret it. It will certainly be pleasing if my explana
tion shall satisfy him. If not, I riu*t submit with that
meekness which ought always to eliaracierise • Rep
resentative. Yaurobedient servant.
I E HOLMES.
Fublic l.niids*
The report of the Commissioner of tlie General I*aml
Office. |ut submitted to Congrem, shows that during the
year acres ol the pub ic lathis were segd,
iiiioUiithig to #2,704JW7 ; snd in the first, second, nod
tlifr-l quarter* nf the joist yeur, 1,H3d,(U4 acres have been
The Difficulty betnecu the two Generals. ,
The Washington correspondent of the New York
Evening East gives the following account of the cau
ses winch have given rise to the difference between (.Jen
VV ortli, and tlie arrest of the latter:—
“Official intelligence has come I understand, of the
arrest of Gen. Worth by Gen. Scott.
“ The difficulty is believed to have arisen out of the
issue, by the commanding general of the order against
letter writing. It appealed to be the general impression
of the officers of the army in Mexico, that Gen. Worth
was alluded to as one ol ihe “vain, conceited and envi
ous heroes.** (Jen. Worth addressed a very respectful
note to Gen. Scott, asking a frank avowal from him.
whether he must consider himself obnoxious to the re
proof conveyed in that order. Gen. Scott evaded a di
rect reply, but answered the note.
“ (Jen. Worth respectfully repeated the request. To
this second note Gen. Scott declined giving n more
specific answer, and informed his correspondent that he
could not hold himself responsible for the references
it might please the officers to draw from his phraseolo
gy-
“ Gen. Worth thereupon drew up a statement of the
entire correspondence between the commandei-in-chief
and himself, and addressed it to the Secretary of War,
with remarks of his own as to the injustice with which
he had been treated, and assuring the Secretary that but
for his regard to the public service, he should file char
ges against Gen. Scott.
“ This statement directed ns an appeal to the Secreta
tary of War, he sent unsealed to Gen. Scott, requesting
him to transmit it to Washington. Gen. Scolt refuse**
to forward it, at the request of Gen. Worth, put forth
with put Gen. W. under arrest; and reported him to
the War Department for insolence to his superior offi
cer, &c., and to sustain the charges, transmits the state
ment drawn up by Gen. Worth.
“ This is the gist of the controversy, as I have it from
good authority. I cannot undertake, of course,to give
the exact language of documents that 1 have never seen
“No doubt the papers will be called for by Congress’
aud then the truth will out. It is surmised that the
government may recall Scott.
One Hundred Million Wanted !
The Washington correspondent of the Baltimore A
meric an, in a recent letter, makes the folowing state
ment in reference to the wants of this Government:
“ The estimates ofexpenditure furnished by the Sec
retary of the Treasury are deemed so unfair and errone
ous, that but an opportunity is wanted in Congress to ex
pose them. The measures recommended by the pres
ent Administration will require an apropriation of more
than one hundred millions of dollar* from the present
Congress. The Secretary asks for 55,(XX),IKK) for the
ordinary expenses of government, and this, as is shown
by the recently published letter of Gen. Jessup, after cut
ting down the estimates of those more cognizant than
than the Secretary himself with the wants of the ser
vice.
“To these #55,1KK),000 add fourteen millions to meet
deficiencies for the past year, and to these $14,000,(XX)
again add thirty millions more for the thirty regiments
now asked for as a necessary augmentation for the ar
my. Here you have ninety-nine millions ot dollars—an and
if the percentage ofdeficiency for the year 1848-’4'Jshal|
bear any proportion to the known defiency for the fiscal
year 1847- 48, the sum will be immensely increased be
yond the amount named in the estimates. There are
unusual denrmds upon Congress of a miscellaneous char
acter, all of which are calculated to swell arc o BR .-c. K ic
greatly if the war continues. The wish of the Depart
ment appears to be to keep not less than 50,000 men in
Mexico, and more if possible.”
The Northern Allies.
The Baltimore American say 9:
“ The Chaileston Mercury administers a severe re
buke to certain politicians of the North who are sus
pected of having made bids for the Presidency in the
way of proffering concessions to the South in the mat
ter of the Proviso question. The Mercury declares that
their proffered concessions are no concessions, but in
sidious semblances merely. “The policy recommend
ed by Mr. Dickinson and Gen. Cass,” says the Charles
ton paper, “and we see no material difference between
their views and those of Mr. Buchanan and Mr. Dal
las —to a superficial observer, aeem plausible—seem
Democratic; yet of all the schemes which have been
devised lor disfranchisement and degradation of the
South, i is by far the most adroit and effectual.
“The substunce of the policy here referred to, is, that
the inhabitants of territory which may hereafter be an
nexed, while it continues to he a Territory, shall deter
mine for themselves whether slavery shall exist in such
Territory or not. It is known that slavery does not ex
ist in any department of Mexico; and the inhabitants
of the portion which may become the territory of the
United States are known to be averse to that institu
tion.
“Regarding the subject in this aspect, the Mercury
affirms that the problem which perplexes the Northern
aspirants for the Presidency is, to prohibit slavery in all
the territory w f e may acquire from Mexico, without
arousing the apprehensions of the South; to seem to
abandon the Wilmot Proviso, and yet retain its princi
ples and thus unite the North and the Soutti in the sup
port of a Northern candidate for the Presidency.”
The Mercury is doubtless very nearly correct in the
opinion above expressed. We have no confidence, nor
have we had any lor years, in Northern politicians eith
er Whig or Democratic. The Whigs ore inorere liable
because they have less duplicity, are less agrarian in
their feelings and seem to be more favorable than their
opponents to stringent and conservative laws; but ou
the subject of slavery, they are all alike and nineteen
twentieth of them are in favor of restricting it within
its present limits, and as the Mercury very properly in
mates, their sole purpose is to deceive and bamboozle
the South and to secure the loaves and fishes of the
government for a few more years, when they will have
the power to destroy the institutions ot the South ut
their leisure.
(•rent Taylor Meeting in Alabama.
The Montgomery Journal us the 10th inst says:
“The popular demonstration in this city on Saturday
night, was a glorious manifestation of the intensity
the feeling, in the of heart of the musses respect and
admiration of the old veteran of the Rio Grande.—
There is a mighty spirit at w’ork against which
the effort of cliques is hut a feeble barrier of the
frailest gossamer, and which laughs to scorn the puny
machinations and intrigues of party demagogues.
“ The people have willed it, and who shall gainsay
their wish? Although the meeting was held ut night
thecopitol was densely crowded throughout its whole
extent, by the people of this and the surrouuding coun
ties. Great numbers, we regret to say, were obliged to
leave unable to gel within hearing of the speakers.
u 8o eager were many, that finding that there was no
aceesa to the Representative's Hall, they filled the Sen
ate Chandler, and demanded speukcr* to talk to them
about Zachary Taylor. The nnHciuhly in the Senate
Cha nber was addressed, by request, very eloquently
and animatedly by Jefferson Noble, Esq. Owing to
the proximity of the two rooms, and the confusion con
equeiit thereon,the sj>euking ill the Senate was aban
doned to the regret of many. Sonic five hundred of the
the audience nt the cajiitol were ladies, who were out
in laige minibet*—e ver patriotic, ever foremost to ap
preciate heroic character and gallant deeds, and ever
ready to add the cheering impulse of their smiles to the
cause of iheir country.
“The meeting was addressed by Mr. Ja*. K. Relscx, |
of Montgomery, Mr. Mt kpiiy, of Greens Judge
Abtiu’r F. Hopkins, of Mobile, Mr. JilusC. Ar.- I
Foao, ol Macon. Mr. Sami kl Rice, of Talladega
Judge Porter, of Tuscaloosa, Mr. Taylor, of Greene,
Mr. S. Rf.man, of Wetumpka, and Mr Parsons, of;
TaHedag.i. Owing to the dense throng our reporter
was not able tog >e full and accurate reports of the sev
eral speeches ;]neither have we sp ice to publish them,--
suffice it, to say the speeches were in character with
the reputation o( those gentleman for eminent a
bility, and their tone and spirit, that of lofty patriotism
Minor differences were trod lon tin ler fool in the over
powering conviction of the iiimiituiiioy of th* crisis
Gen Taylor was presented ih the min f*r th* ir Wf
country, and one on whim jiatriots everywhere could ,
unite, ond the linn determination declared by all, to sup
port him on the grounds which be himself has takenns
tlie candidate of {Unpeople,
” The noble diameter of the man, the incorruptible
integrity evinced throughout a long career in the pub
|ie servics ware sufficient guaranties that in his hauls
the interests of the republic might with safety be trust
ed.
” Regarding the hollow profession* of polities 1 trick
sters as worthless and deceptive, they choose to look to
one the purity of whose faith has never b*en question
ed, wh<wj heroic patriotism, whose devoted fealty to
his whole country, the breath of suspicion, even ho*
never dared approach. Judging ol his character by fils
acts as tested by his long career In th • public service,
taking his whole lift* a* tbs standard they have the tru-
u goummy U | fidelity that ,uatt can fun,*), ... „ „
Imn.is of the patriot veteran they are willim.
.’.jtursr
“The proceedings of the meeting were marked win
great enthusiasm, and the remarks of all the
with ability and earnest eloquence. I Ker ' l
Gun. Taylor in \irgmia.
The following resolution received the almost •
mous sanction of the Whig membeta of the v ‘
Legislature on the 22nd ult. They also passed
cons callings Slate convention on the 23,1 ol P . lu ~
tor the purpose of framing an electoral ticket
Resolved, As the opinion of the Whig members ’ fT
General Assembly of Virginia, that ZACHARV Tav*
LOR will be a most acceptable candidate to tl„. . ,
ot Virginia, for the Presidency; and that he will
from them a most zealous aud efficient support tCe ' ,a
A Good Speech.
The militay of New Orleans as is well known
ways have a magnificent display on the Bt|, „i , ~
ary. On the recent Bth, this was rendered d„ ub |. b "“’
ham and imposing by the presence of the nn.ie . ,
vortte, Gen. Taylor, who participated in the ‘
and reviewed the troops. That admirable and !, ..’
sheet, the Delta says: Pitted.
“ ter t,ie review was over the General tnm;
round to Gen. Lacoste, grasped lui hand LdTi[~
ed-‘ General, lam proud to see the veterans of ,t
war of 1814 and 1815, particularly on an
this, and I hope to have the pleasure of meeting tlf*
“gain. 1 am a soldier, General, but I believe thatei.i
are soldiers and sohliei* are cuizens; therefore Ih.
r
Washington himself never uttered a nobler a „„„
or more Striking sentiment The Delta adds’ ?
“Alter this the General was escorted to the rotund, r
the St. Charles by Gen. Lewis and his brilliam s ,ff
Here he received the congratulations of numerous friend,
-all Os whom were eager to press the hand of a b£
and gallant man. Whilst there, with a Ctnctaa.?™
Jffie air, he turned to one ol his friends and remarked
1 only came down here fora few days on business , nH
not thinking that this honor would be paid me Id|d„ ,
bring my uniform.” This little remark put
nnnd ot the interview between the General and Com-
Conner, when “ old Zack.” as some say, hurried offha,
old brown coat and rushing to his military t |, en
grasped his full dress uniform, and in buttoning up
coat missed two buttons!” B m
Georgia Abroad.
The spirit of enterprise which has characterized th,
people ol Georgm is begining t 0 be felt and acknowled
which Anion * “tatty complimentary nob*,
winch have me, our eye, we copy the following from 2
Southerner published in Richmond Virginia
Georg,a at this time is doing morelo pnah her ail
roads and manufactories ahead, than any other South
ern State. The liberal and enlighten e/pj”
present Legislature in this respect, entitles it not only io
the thanks ol the people of Georgia, but of the whol,
country. In twenty years from now, she will show re
salts torn her policy that will shame the people o fher
Southern associates.”
Such being the position assigned to our State fo*d I
Georgians should not forget that they have taken but
minatory stepsm tt.eg.v. ment T J
it becomes them now more than ever to be pmit J
wise, sagacious and persevering—to confine their i |
penditures to such works of improvement as are of to. I
and substantial value, and to invest all their surf J
means in budding up an extensive and judicious systenl
of manufactures. Such is evidently our true policy be-l
cause it would lead to certain and lasting prosperity I
unaccompanied by the usual dangers of a monetary rc’l
vulsion. I
The Great Apostle ot Temperance. j
Father Matthew has written a letter to Thuriwl
Weed that he will embark for New York Oil the 2k ol
April. He says: I
“Although it will be a great sacrifice to me [ojtavJ
Ireland yet still 1 am exceedingly anxious to gratify t J
wishes ot the patrons and supporters of our sacrnJ caJ
in America ; and also to express in person my warmal
acknowledgments to your high-minded count™ i M
the noble aid they aflbrded our destitute poor in tneil
late calamity. I regret to be obliged to may that M
prosjiects are still very gloomy in Ireland. Thekitaß
mg population are not in general employed, and ;noafl
provisions are cheap, thanks to the supplies of I; .fl
corn, they are without the means of purchasing
U. S. Senator from Maine J
The Governor of the State of Maine has
the Hon. Wyman B. S. Moor, of Bangor, l’ *
n tor, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the deaih oi l
1” airfield, until the Legislature shall fill the vacancy I
Mrs. Mo watt in England. 1
1 lie friends of Mrs Howatt, the celebrated actress
nut but be gratified with the success winch she is:
vwtli m England. Her first engagement was in
elicoter. winch is noted tor its critical audiences
result has been, that she passed the ordeal
and triumphantly, and was called before the
every night. V
Rumored Treaty ol Peace. I
A Telegraphic Despatch to Saturday’s New
Herald, dated Washington, Jan. 7, IS4S
lows, hut we do not think it correct. V
A letter is in town, dated at Jalapa, on the 16cH
cernber, etating that the British courier haJ .
through that place on the day previous, the
ing the intelligence, that a treaty of peace
concluded at the city of Mexico, between -Vr
and the J lexicon Commisstoners, C antu,
A tristain ; and t/uit the opinion prevailed in .Wm
co that the army could return i uxty day* ■
Palmetto Regiment. I
The following extract is from a letter written
stor A. P. Butler to Judge O’Neali; ■
“ T roin what the President said the other day<
design to confer w ith Gen. Snieid# on the
discharging the South Carolina Regiment, and
ly do so, in a general order complimenting H
duct, and perhaps giving the officers the
he will advance them on all future occasion*.
they ask lor employment.’*
Flare up fu Washington.
The Richmond Republican of the 10th init *7
” We learn that quite a scene took place at th
rnont trial on Friday.
“Gen. Kemey called attention to the bet,- -1
ring Ins examination as a witness, Col. Bento’ *
posite to him, frowiung and making grimace* M
ly with a view to intimidate and confuse lum H< |
ed tlie attention of the Court to the cireuuw' 11 I,! J
with a view to nak any protection for hmiseil. *1
’ the tribunal might preserve the decorum due to
dignity. I
“Col. Renton, in reply, sddmitted that h* J
frowned upon the witness, who hail quails
glance ; snd after the rising of the Court, show *1
we did not hear, denounced Kearney in the G’ u 'l
| a* a perjured witness, (not in his presence, h"* J
Something new and Iniportan'* I
A Washington correspondent of the Baltimore * ■
one who seems to le behind the curtain, K 1
lowing stuteuient which he says, limy be it"!’ 1 I
1 lied upon ; ~
Ist That nil the differences between fjn
Worth will he submitted to a Court ol I’N” ■
held in Mexico. Roth officers will he w ■
command nnd duty lor this purpose M
2d Gui. IMIow and Col. Duncan will B
bellre a Court Martial. These are laets ■
“It may be that Gen. Taylor willbsput o’ ■
oi commander in chief of the army, * 1 H
p wers confided to luh judgment.” ■
It may be that,Mr. Folk finds that l
keep general Tuylor, out of the Mbits *’ ■
him to the Hull* of the Montexunia*. J ■
do so, but the peupls will recall him on ~|t , H
l ‘H'J. The decree has gone forth. I' ,r H
supon the wall. fig
A good Interpretation* I
In III* very able speech recently deli’ 59
war, in lli* United Stales Henate,
“Mr. Ui.vytov, of [Via ware said h’'’ ’ “
netlv un.'oMtand what the President ■
nity for the past snd *Tirity J^B
getiiotiS Irietid had told him that In •' |^B
moai.tone li.ilt of M.-iieo, and security H
th-o-j.er hall.” n~ inugh- r I H