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JOURNAL & MESSENGER. K. T- CIt.VIMI VN .V rs. ROSK, Editors. I'UI A I V f)f Pence, Friendship, limits and Setlement between the T r nitcd States of Arnnica, and the Mexican Republic, concluded at Gaudalupr Hidalgo, on the Second day of February and Ratified, with Amend mendments, by the American Senate, March 10 ih, 1818. We have withheld for nearly two weeks, from n re card t< the public interests, the trenty which we pub lish to-day. lie motive which actuated us no longer exists, a* the publication of the document erm no lon ger infiueuce the decision ot the Senate on its tate. \Ve publish it now, to dissipati any false impressions that may have obtained in regard to its most important features.— Sew- York Herald. The Trenty. In the name of Almighty (Sod The United States of America and the United Mex ican States, animated by n sincere desire to put an end • ■ ic calamities of the war which unharaniy exists bc.vecn the two republ cs, and to establish on a solid basis relations ol peace and friendship, which shall cott ier reciprocal benefits on the citizens of both, and as sure the concord, harmony and mutual confidence wherein the two people should live as neighbors, have, for that purpose, appointed their respective plenipo tentiaries ; that is to say, the President ol the United States has appointed N. P. Trist, a cvrtzui of the Tin ted States, and the President of the Mexican Republic has appointed Don Louis Gonzuga Cuevas, Don tier nardo Gonto, and Don Miguel Artnstain, citizens of the said Republic, who after a reciprocal communica tion of their respective powers, have under the pro tection of Almighty God, the author of peace, arranged agreed upon and signed the following treaty of peac*, friendship, limits and settlements, between the Uni led States ot America and the Mexican Republic. ARTICLE i. There 6hail be firm and universal peace between the United States of Ainenca i .id the Mexican Re public, and between their respective countries, territo ries,cities, towns and people, without exception of pla ces or persons. article n. Immediately on the signature of this treaty, a con vention shall be tittered ir.to between a commissioner or comm ssioners appointed by the General-in-Chief, of the torces ot the United States, and such as may be appointed by the Mexican government to the end that a provisional suspension ot hostilities shall take place ; and that in the places occupied by the raid forces, con stitutional order may be re-established, as regards the political, administrative, and judicial branches, so tar as tins shall be permitted by the circumstances of military occupation. article in. Immediately upon the Ratification of the present treaty, by the government of the United States orders ••hall be transmitted to the commanders ol their land and naval torces requiting the latter (pr< vided this treaty shall then have been ratified by the g vernmeut of the Mexican republic,) immediately to ilea si from blockading any Mexican ports , and requiring the Ti - mer, (under t fie same condition./ to commence at the earliest moment practicable, withdrawing all troops ot the United States then in the interior of th VI xicon republic, to points that shall be selected by common agreement, at a distance from the sea-ports not exceed ing thirty leagues; and such evacuation of the in! rior of the republic shad be completed with the h ast pos>i- ; ble delay ; die Mexican government hereby Li.idii it-1 self to afford every facility in it* power lor rendering, the some convenience to the troops, on their march, and in their new positions, and lor prumot:..g a good 1 understanding between them mi 1 the inhabitant* In like manner, orders shall be dels pa teed to the persons in charge of the customhouses at all ports occupied by the forces ol the United'States, requiring them (under the same condition) immediately to deliver possession of the same to the persons authorized by the Mexican government to receive it, together with ail bonds and evidences of debt (or duties on importations and on i x - portations, not yet f&iieu due Moreover, a faithful and exact account shall be made oul, showing the en ure amount of ail duties on import* and on exports,, collected at such custom houses, or elsewhere in V x ico, by authority ol the United rUuica, Jioui and alter the day ot the lauiicauon of this treaty by the govern ment oi the Mexican republic , and also on account of the cost ol collection ; and su b entire amount de- . ducting only the cu- ot cv-.. t.on, shad Ik* deliv ered to me M *xicHti gov'rnni. nt at the City of .M w ico within ihiec... cm* after ihe txcliauge ol ratitica- ( lions The evacuation ol the capital of the Mexicau re public by the n oops ol tne Lun . rftut'-s, in virtu ot the above stipulation, shall be completed in one month , after th*’ orders there stipulated for shall have been re ceived by the commander ot aad tioops, or oouer, if! possible. article iv. Immediately after the ex< Range of ratifications of the pvesent treaty, ail castles, loiis, territories, places and possessions, which have been taken and occupied ‘ by the throes oi the United States, during the present war. W'lihin the limits ol the Mexican Republic, as about tube established by the following arriete, shall b* definitely restored to the said republic, together with ail the artillery, arms, apparatus of war, muni tions, and other public property, which were in the said castles and torts when captured, and which shall remain there at the time when this treaty shall be duly ratified by the government of the Mexican republic To tins end, immediately upon the signature ot tins treaty, orders shall Ik* despatched to the American offi cers commanding such castles and pous, securing against the removal or destru; Uon of any such artillery, Slimy apparatus of war, munitions or other public prop erly. The city ol Mexico within the inner line of in treiichioents, surrounding the said city* is comprehen u i in the above stipulations, as regards the restoration i tillcry,apparatus of war, kc. te final e vacua lion ot the territory of the Mexi can republic by the forces oi the United States, shall be completed m three months fiorn the said exchang er ratifications, or sooner if pos able, the Mexican re public hereby engaging, asm tic toregoing article, to use all means in ns power for facilitating such evacua tion, and rendering it convenient to the troopp, and [ for promoting a good understanding between them and the inhabitants. If, however, the ratification of this treaty by both panics should not take place in time to allow the cm- ! barkauon of the troops of the United .States to be com pie ted before the commencement of the sickly season, 1 at the Mexican ports, on the Gulf of Mexico, in such I case a friendly arrangement slum be entered into U-- I tween the General-in-Chief of the said troops, and the Mexican government, whereby healthy ami othrtwise 1 suitable places, at a distance from the ports not ex-! cei hng thirty leagues, shall be designated for the resi dence of such troops as may not iiave yet embark< and, unin the return ot the healthy season. And the space of time here referred to as comprehending the sickly season, shall be unde mood toexiend lioin the first day of May to the first day of Noveiirtter. All prisoners of war taken on either fide,on land or cn s j si,all be restored os soon os practicable alter the exmaiigeof die ratifications ot mis treaty, it is rho bt: ‘ . dial if any Mexicans should now be held n cap; ,es by any savage tribe within the limits of the i rued States, as about to be established by the fol lowing article, die government of the United .Stales will exact the release oi such captives, and cause them to he .esiored to their country. ARTICLE V. The boundary line between the two republic* shall commence in the Gulf of Mexico, three leagues fom ! land, opposite the mouth of the Kio Grande, others j called Kio Bravo del Norte, or opposite the mouth id i its deepest branch, >t it should huve mote than one ! branch emptying directly into the sen ; from tin nee up j the middle of that river, following the deepest ham., where it ha* more than one, to the point where it *u i - southern boundary of New Mexico; thence * t- j waidiy, al.>ng the whole aoutherii Boundary of \< w Mexico (which run* north of the town called Pam.. , u its western termination: thence northward aim;*:, the western line of New-Mex.co, until it inter**. the hrst branch of the river Gila : or if it t-houM .t , intellect any branch of that river, then to the point on . the said line nearest to such branch, and thence in a a direct line to die sunie ; them down the middle of the hind branch and ot tbs aaul liver, until iteuiptits into the KioColorado ; thence acton* the Kio Colorado, following the division line between Upper and Lowt-i California to the Pucific. Thd Southern and western limits of New Mexico mentioned in this article, uie those Uid down in the map. entitled “ Map o t th* Umtrd Mexican Stalrt.ua organised and defined by rat wu* arts ot the ( •/ *aid republic, uml constructed according to thebe ut authority* tie cured edition J’libhsked at Sew Yoi k tn 1847, Ly J. JJi&tui neli.” (M which mop a copy is ad ded to this treaty, bearing the signatures and < tlie undersigned plenipotentiaries And in order to preclude n Idifticulty in tracing upon the ground the j litni* separating Upper and Lower Coiiaforniu, it i agreed that the said limit shall c .I .si of n straight line draw middle of the K i, ,a. wh< . w ith the Colorado, to u point on the coast of the Pa cifi# Ocean—distant one marine h ague due south of the the soutl enum-si point of the port •! Sou I), o, a. eordmg to the plan of said port, inn v in tlie year l7*t*T by Don Juan Pantojrr, second sailing inasier of the Span sh fleet, and published at Madrid in the war 1008, i the Atlas to the voyage of the schooner* Isutil and Mexicona, of which plan a eoj*y i* hereunto ad dad, Higued and acalcd by the r i*-ctive pieinpot n tifljJTM ■ In order to designate tlie boundary line with due precision, upon author native map*, and to e*tn* li*h on the ground land inaiks winch shall show the limitH <•! both republics, as described in tin pi* sent article, the two governments shall each appoint a conuiusMoner snd a surveyor, who,before tlie expiration of oik* yeui from the date of the exchang of ratification of thi trraty, ahull meet ut the port'd San Diego, and pro , e** and to run and maik the said boundary in its wm l coins** to the mouth of the Kio Bravo del Norte. Tiny ( slinll keep journal* and muke out p ans of their operu Itons and the reaul> agreed ujm.ii hy ihem, -hull h deemed a part of this treaty, ami shall liave the sun - fore* as if a were inserted therein The two govern ments will amicably agree regarding what may be n cessHiy to tliear pel sons, and alsoasto their mjrctiv tscoiia, aliouldsu< h he mcessaiy. The boundary iii >< establish* and by thi* article shall b* . rcligmnaly tcaoteted hy each of the two republics, a go clang* dial! ever l*emade then in. except hy the * a i *>m a* arid tr- e consent of both no lions, lawfully giv by t•g< i ■ il goven ut “i •.c • ons rn > “ its own constitution. ARTICLE VI Tin V* *rls andcitizrns of tl** lilted (Mates shall dn all unit, haw a free and umnti rrnpted |* by tl • Gull of California, and by the river Colorado, below-its confluence with the to and from their possessions suuitml north of the boundary line defined in the pre cedinFnrttele ;it being understood that this passage is to be by navigating the Gulf ol California, ana the liver Colorado ; and not by land, without the express con sent of the Mexican government. If. by the examinations that may be inn !•, it should be ascertained to be practicable and advantageous to construct a road, canal or railway, which should, in whole or in part, run upon the river Gila, or upon iis right or its left hank, within the space of one marine league from either margin of the river, the govrnments of both republic* will form an agreement regarding us construction,in order that it nay serve equally lor the use and advantage of both countries. ARTICLE VII. The liver Gila, and the part of the Del Norte lying below the . southern boundary of New Mexico, being, agreeably to the fifth article, divided in th middle be tween the two republics, the navigation of the Gila and of the Bravo, below said boundary, shall be free ami common to the vessels and citizens of both countries; and neither shull, w ithout the consent ot the other con struct any work that may impede or interrupt, in whole or in part , the exercise of this right—not vn for the purpose of favoring new methods f navigation. Nor shall any taxor contribution, under any denomination or title, be levied upon vessels, or persons navigating the same or upon merchandise or efl cts, transported thereon, except in the case of landing upon one of their shores. If, I r the purpose of muking the said livers navigable, or lor maintaining th in m such state, it should be necessary or advantageous to establish any tax or contribution, this shall not be done without the consent of both governments. The stipulations contained in the present article shall noi impair the territorial rightsol either republic, with in its established limits. ARTICLE VIII. Mexicans now established in territories previously belonging to Mexico, and winch remain, for the future, within limits of the United Stales, as defined by the present treaty, shall he free to continue where they now reside,or to remove, at any time, to the Mexican re public, retaining tin- property which they possess in the said territories, or disposing thereof, ami removing the proceeds wherever they please, without their being sub jected, on this account, to any contribution, or tax, or charge, whatever. ‘Those who shall prefer to remain in said territories may ether retain the title and rights ot Mexican citizens, or acquire those of citizens of the United States. But they shall be under the obligation to make their selection within one year from the date ot the exchange of ratifications of this treaty ; and those who shall remain in the said territories, alter the expiration of that year, without having declared their intention to retain the character of Mexicans, shall be considered to have elected to become citizens of the United States. In the said tetritories, property of every kind, now belonging to Mexicans not established there, shall be inviolably respected. The present owners, the heirs of these, and ail Mexicans who may hereafter acquire said property by contract, shall enjoy with respect to it, guar antees .-quaily ample as if the same belonged to citizens of the United States. ARTICLE IX. The Mexicans who, in the territories aforesaid, shall not preserve the character of citizens of the Mexican republic, conformably with w hat is stipulated in the pre ceding article, shall he incorporated into the Union ol the United States, and admitted as won as possible, ac cording to the principles of the federal constitution, to the eiijoymentof ah the rights of citizens of the United Slates. In the meantime, they shall he maintained and protected in the enjoyment of their liberty, their prop el ly, mid the civil rights now vested hi them,aceo d iug to the Mexican laws. With respect to political rights,their condition shall Ik* oil an equality w ith that ol the inhabitants of the other territories ol the United Slates, and at least equally good as that of the inhabi tant* of Louisiana and the Florida?, when these prov inces, by transfer from the French republic, and the crown of Spain,became territories of the United States. Tne most ample guarani) shall be enjoyed by ail ec clesiastic!! .and religious corporations, or communities, as well in the discharge of the offices of their ministry, as in the enjoyment of their property of every kind, whether individual or corporate. Tnis guaranty shall embrace all temples, bouses and edifices, dedicated to the Roman Catholic worship; as well ns all property destined to its support, or to that of schools, hospitals, oi other foundations for charitable or beneficent purpo ses. No property of this nature shall be considered as having become the property of the American govern ment, or as subject tote by it disposed of, orifivut I to other uses. Finally, the relations and communication between Catholics, living m the territories aforesaid,and their res pective ecclesiastical authorities should reside within the limits of the Mexican republic, as defined by this treaty; , and this freedom shall continue so long as anew denial k ation of ecclesiastical districts shall not have seen made, ! comlormabfy with the laws ol the Roman Catholic Church. [This ait.eie is expunged, and in its t id the Senate has adopted and lust U-d substai.uaily tlie third article of tlie treaty with France, ol 1rß3,10i the cession of Lou isiana, tu tlie effect that inhabitants of ihe ceded terri tat y snail be incorporated in the Union of the United ; States, and admitted as soon as Congress shall deter mine , according to the principles of the federal const i- j tut tun, to the enjoyment uj all the rights, adcantages, ana immunities of the citizens of the Unite ! States; and in the meantime, they shall be maintained and protected in the Jull enjoyment of their liberty, pro perty, and the religion which they profess. — En. HER ALD.] ARTICLE X. (EXPUNGED.) All grants of land made by tne Mexican government, or by tue cuiupet.ni authorities, in territories previously appertaining L* Mexico, and remaining for the future w ithin tiie imuttoi tlie United States, shall be respected as valid, to the same extent that the same grants would be valid if the said territories had remained within the limits of Mexico. But tlie grantees of land in Texas put in po** ssion thereof, who by reason of the circum stancesof tlie country,since tlie beginning ol the troubles betweeu Texasand the Mexican government,may have been prevent’ and from fulfilling all the conditions of their grants, shall be under the obligation to fulfil the said con ditions w ithin the periods limited in the same resjiective ly,such periods to oc now counted from the dale of lie exchange of ratifications of this treaty ; in default of which said giants shall not Ik* obligatory on the State of Texas, ui virtue of the stipulations contained in tins ar ticle. The foregoing stipulation in regard to grantees of land m Texas, ,is extended to all grantees of lundin the territories aforesaid, elsewhere than in Texas, put in possession under such grants • and in default of the fulfillment of the condition* of such grant, within the new period which,a* is a hove stipulated, begins with the day of the exchange of ratifications of this treaty, the same Khali lie null and void. The Mexican government declares that no grant w hatever of land in Texas bus been made since the sec ond day ot March, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-six ; ami that no gram whatever of lands in any of the territories aforesaid has been made since the thir teenth day ot May,one ’housandeight hundred and for ty-six. ARTICLE XI. Considering that a great part otllie territories which, hy the present treaty,are to lie comprehended lor the fu ture within the limits of the United Mates, is now occupi ed hy savage tribes who will hereafter be under the con trolot the government of the United States, and whose incursions within the territory of Mexico would be pre judicial in the extreme, it is solemnly agreed that all uch incursions shall he forcibly restrained by the government of the United States, whensoever this may he necessary; and that when they cannot he prevented, they shall lie punished by the said government, the same way, and w ith equal diligence and energy, a* ll the same incur sions w ere committed wittnn its own territory,against its own citizens. It shall not be lawful, under any pretext whatever, for any inhabitant of the United Elates to purchase or ac quire any Mexican,or any foreigner residing in Mexico, who may have been captured hy Indians mhubiling the territory of either of the two republic*, nor to purchase or acquire horses, mule*, rattle or property of any kmdrto 1* n within Mexican territory by such Indians nor to pro vide such Indians with tin arms or ammunition, by sale O’ otherwise. And in the event of any person or any iktsoiis cap tured within Mexican territory hy Indiana, t>eing car ried into the territory of the Unitnl States, the govern ment of the latter engages and binds itself m the most solemn manner, so soon ns it shu 11 know of such cap tives being within its territory and shall be able so to do, through the faithful exercise of its influence and power to rescue them and return to their country, or deliver! them to the ayent or repren'iitalive of tin .Mexican i government. The Mexican authorities will a* tm a* practicable, give to t h.* govetmn \ notice of mien eupUires ; and its agent shall pay the ex- ! penses incurred in the maintenance n id of. the |t Mimed captives ; who in the 111 iiritttne, shall be treated withtlu* utmost hospitality hy the American au thorities nt that place where they maybe. But it the; government oftne United States, before icceiving such notice from Mexico, hould obtain intelligence through any other channel, of the existenee of Mexican captives withmlts terrrttory, it will proceed forwith to effort, their release and di’hvety to tli • Mexican agent as above stipulated. For the purpose of giving to these stipulations the! fullest possible efficacy, thereby affording th security and redress denis tided by tbeii true spirit and intent, j the governineiit ot the United Stales will now mid here alterpur* without unneecH-aiy delay,and always vigi- ‘ iiantly enforce, suelilawa an the nature of the subject! may require. Ami finally , die sai*iedtM*ss of ilus obh gHtion shall neve* be loit sight of hy the said govern- ! mem when providing for ilie removal of Indians from any portion of -aid territories, or lor its being settled by tlie eiiuensol the United Stairs ; but, mi ilie contnuy special care shad be taken not to place its Indian im i* pant* under the necessity of seeking i < w home* hy ontnmiuilig those iuvasHMis which the United States have sob-inly olkiged tlM*nise|ves to restrain. ARTICLE XII. In consideration ol the cxtenNion ncqmrcil by the boundaries g‘ the United htates, as defined in the filth article of the present treaty, the government of the Untied ffHatrs engages to pay to that of the Mex ican republic the sum ot filte*n millions of dollars, in the one or the other of the two modes below jq* citied The Mexican government shall, at the mm of mi ly ing his treaty, declare which of these two modes of pay ment it prefers; and the iiKnie so elected by it shull be Conformed toby that of tin- United States. First mode of paynn nt—lmmediately after this trea ty shall have been ratified by the government of the Mexwai i the sum --t threr n inllars shall I- * nld govt mint ‘i by ih if ted States, at the city of Mexico, in tli • gold or filv*m Cnin of Mexico For the mumming twelve millions n; dollars, the United Stat** shall create a sb'ck. I tearing an interest of six per centum per annum, commenci v on the day of the ratification of this treaty by the gov ernment of fin* Mexican republic, and payable annuallv at tlie city nf Washington, the ptmnplr of Mid atk t • • Ml .Ct ‘u ■ • g of tlie United Hint**, at any time alter lv* the exchange of ratifications oi tins treaty; six inonihs public notice ol the intention to redeem tne huh ■ being previously given. Certificates of snefi stock, in proper form, for such sums ns shall le specili *>l by tin cun governmnnt, h.mil be delivered, and transferable by the said government to the same by that of the l mted Slates. Second mode of payment—lmmediately ah r this treaty shall have been duly ratified by the government ot the Mexican republic, the euin ot three millions of dollars shall be paid to the said government by that of the United States, at the envoi Mexico, in the gold or silvei coin of Mexico. ‘The remaining twelve inn- i lions of l *linrs shall be paid nr the same place, and in j the (mine roii), in annual instalments of three millions ( of dollars each, together with interest same, at , the rate < f six per centum per annum. ‘I his interest shall begin to run upon the w hole sum ot twelve mil lions from the day ol tlie ratification of the present treaty by the Mexican government, and the tirt of the instalments shall be paid at the expiration of one year from the same day. Together with each annual I instalment, as it falls due,the whole interest accruing on such instalments from the beginning shall also be j paid. . I [Certificates, in the proper form, for the said hiatal- i ments, respectively, iti such sums ns shall be desired by } the Mexican government, and transferable by it, shnl. , be delivered to the said government by that of the Uni- j ted States.] N B.—The first of these modes is reject'd The# latter is adopted, w ith the exception of th ■ last para- * graph, within brackets ) ARTICLE XIII. The United States engage, moreover, to assume and j pay to ih* claimants .11 the amounts now due them, and • those hereafter to become due, by reason of the claims already liquidated and decided against the Mexican republic, under the conventions between th** two repub lics severally concluded on the eleventh day of April, eighteen hundred ami thirty nine,and on th’e thirtieth day of January, eighteen hundred ami forty-three; so that the Mexican republic shall ts* absolutely exempt for the future, from ail enpense whatever on account of the said claims. ARTICLE XIV. Th'* United States do furthermore discharge the Mexican republic from nil claims of citizens of the United States, not heretofore decided against the Mexi can government, which may have arisen previously to the date of the signature ot this treaty ; which discharge shall be final and perpetual, whether the said claims be | rejected or be allowed by the hoard of commissioners ; provided for in the following article, and whatever shall j by the total amount of those* allowed. article xv. { The United States, exonerating Mex co from all de- [ lnands on account ot the claims of their citizens men- i tioned in the preceeding nrticle. and considering them entirely and forever cancelled, whatever their amount ! may be, undertake to make satisfaction for the same, to j on amount not exceeding three and a quarter millions | ot dollars. To ascertain the validity and amount off those claims, a board of commissioners shall be estab by the government of the United States, whose awards j shall Ik* final and conclusive ; provided, that in deciding I upon the validity of each claim, the board shall he gui ded and governed by those principles and rules of deci- i won pr. scribed by the first and tilth articles ot the un- ; ratified convention, concluded at the city of Mexico on ‘ the twentieth day of Nevember, one thousand eight hundred and forty-three ; and in no case shall an award be made in tnvorof any claim not embraced by these principles and rules. If, in the opinion of th* 1 said board of commission ers, or of tiie claimants, any books, records, or docu ments in the possession or power of the government of the Mexican republic, shall lie deemed nec -ssary to the just decision of any claim, the commissioners, or the claimants through them, shall, within such pe-j riod as Congress may designate, make an application ‘ in writing for the same, adare.^edto the Mexican Min- | isterfor F* affaire, to be transmuted by the Score- | taryofSt ’tie United States; and the Mexican Government engages,at the earliest possilde moment alter the receipt of such demand, to cause any of the books, records,or documents, &o specified, which shall be in their possession or power (or authenticated copies or extracts of tlie same) lo he transmitted to the said Secretary of State, who shall immediately deliver them over to the said board of commissioners ; Provid ed, that no such application shall be made by, or at the instance of, any claimant, until the facts which it is expected to prove by such books, records, or docu ments, shall nave been stated under oath or affirmation. ARTICLE xvt. Each of the contracting parties reserves to itself the ; entire right to fortify whatever point within its territory j it may judge proper so to fortify, for its security. ‘ ARTICLE XVII. I he treaty of amity,commerce, and navigation, con eluded nt tlie city of Mexico, oil the sth day ot April i A IF, IH3I, between the United States of America;’ and the United Mexican States, except the additional i arllc * e a,, u except so Liras the stipulations of the said I 1 lrf>at > may not be incompatible with any stipulation contained in the present treaty, is hereby revived for ‘ the period ot eight vears from’ the day of the exchange i ol ratifications of this treaty, with the same force and i I virtue as it incorporated therein; it being understood j that each ot the contracting parties reserves to itself’ i the right, at any time after the said period of eight 1 i years shall have expired, to terminate the same by giv i mg one year's notice of such intention to the other par i l y* ARTICLE XVIII. All supplies whatever for troops of the United States in Mexico, arriving at ports in the occupation ot such troops previous to the tmal evacuation thereof,although subsequently *o tin* restoration ol the custom-houses at 1 such porta, sliali be entirely exempt from duties and ‘ charges ot any kind; the government of the United! States hereby engaging and pledging its faith to estab lish, and vigilantly to enforce, ail possible guards foe i securing the revenue of Mexico, by preventing tic* j importation, under cover of this stipulation, of uiqi I articles other than such, both in kind and in quality, as shall really h e w anted for the use and consumption ts the forces of the United Slates during the time they may remain in Mexican. To this end, it shall be tla duty ol all officers and agents of the United States lo \ denounce to the Mexican authorities at th respective ‘ ports any attempts at a fraudulent abus.- of this slip nix lion winch they may kdow ui or mu) have reuooa suspect, and to give to such authorities all the aid mi their power with regard thereto , and every such at tempt, wht n duly proved and established by sentence ot a competent tribunal,shaft be punished by tbec< ulg cation of the property so attempted to be fraudulently introduced. ARTICLE XIX. M ith respect to all merchandise, effects, and property whatsoever, imported into porsof Mexico whilst in ; occupation ot the forces of the Unitei States, whether ‘ by citizens of ei her republic,or by citizens or subjects oi any neutral nation, the following rules shall be ok served ; 1 All such merc handise,effects,and property, if im ported previously to the restoration of tlie custom liou- \ ses to the Mexican authorities, as stipulated form the’ third article ot this treaty shall be exempt from courts- 1 cation, although the importation of the same be prohib ited by the Mexican tanlt 2. The same perfect exemption shall be enjoyed by! all such merchandise,effects,and property,imported * subsequently to the lestoratiou ot the custom bouses, I and previously to the sixty days fixed in the following’ ’ article for the coming into force of th- Mexican tariff l at such pons respectively the said merchandise, etiects’ and property, being, however, at the tune of their im ports Uon, h ibiecl lo the payment oi duties, as provided For in the said following article. 3. All in- rchand se, elli-cis, and property described in the two rules foregoing shall, during their couiinuance at the place of importation, or upon their leaving such plocc for the interior, be exempt from ail duty, tax, or ‘ impost of every kind, under whatsoever title or denom ination.—Nor shall they be there subjected to any charge 1 whatsoever upon th** sales thereof. 4 All merchandise, effects, and property, described in the first an 1 second rules, which shall have b<*<*u re moved to any place in the interior whilst such place was ui the occupation of the forces of the United States, shall during then continuance therein, be exempt from ail tux upon the S'lle or consumption thereof', an I from every kmJ of imp> >st or contribution, under whatsoever title or denomination. 5 But if any merchandise, effects,or property, des cribed in the first and Fecund rules, shall be removed to 1 any place n< t occupied m the nine by the Ibices of tie* j ; United Stales, they sliall, upon their introduction into such place, cr upon their sale or consumption there, be ! ’ subject lo i!i * same duties which, uiniei the M *xican 1 laws, they would be required to pay in such cases t they 1 I had been imp*.>rted in time of peace, through th * man- ‘ time custom homes, and had there paidthc duties com ! formubly w Mexican tariff. | (V The < ~v . d ol all merchandise, effect*,or proper- I ly described in the first an i secuid rules, and existing in any port oi Mexico, shall have (tie right to resit ip the ! same, exempt from ail tax, impost, or contribution what ever. With resjiect to the mt iuls.or other property,ex|>ort ’ **d Ironi uii> Mexican port whilst in the occupauon of I ! tie forces ni the United Smt s, and previously to the* resloratiuiiof the custom-hous* at such port.no per on shall fo* required by the Mexican authorities, whetlier ’ general or dale, to pay any tax, duty, or contribution upon any such exportation, or in any maimer to tic- ‘ ! count for tlie same to the said authorities. ARTICLE XX , Through consider it uni hr the interests of commerce generally, it is agreed, that if less than sixty days should 1 • lao.se h-tw • ii the dm • of the sign it are of tins treaty ’ and tin* restoration of the c iatoni-houaes,confoniiahlv | with the stipulation in the third article, in such case uii • tnerehiiiklisf. tt*cts, and pnqieriy whatsoever, arnv ing at the Mexican ports after tlie rest oration of th - said | ciistotn hmi-'-s, and previously |o Ihe expiration ol m\ tv days, after tlr day oft he signature of tins treaty, ] shall is* nJnnt ‘ and to entry ; and no other duties shuli ts* I Vied thereon than tile dun -s try tin* tarifi found mi foice at such custom houses nt the tini • ol tia restoration < the same. An Ito all nuqh imndiatid *h*. clf cts, and property the rub- catabhaiied by tiie pre ceding m tine shall apply. aitk i.x xxi. If, unhappily,any disagreement should hereafter arise i ret ween tin governments of tlie two republics, wh ’th er with resp*. t to the interpretation of any stipulation ! ill this treaty, or with respect to any oilier p.irt.culai j concerning 1 1ie political or couttnerchd relations ol the! two nations, the and gnvermiicnla, lit tin* iMuie of flms. nations, do promise t * each oilier that they will en l- u | ’ nr.iu the moat ainc ie end earnest manner,to settle tip difierrnct s so arising, and to preserve the slate of pettc ! and frietidshipin wfucli fie twocouiHtivsare now piac j | mg theinwivrs; using, for this end, mutual represents- i lions and p'n-iln- negoi aiioo • And and, by tlv-K-- means, •hey should ot lie enabled to com. to an ugiccmeut, u ‘ i .‘sort sliall iiot,on thisaccouni, I* lied to reprisals, n;;- I gr. ssifKi.or n.Mtiluy of any kind, hy tfi” om repubfic against ili** inhrr, until the gn- miiieu of that which deems itself aggrieved alia!! have mutually considered, m tlie spirit of pence und good in i (hlsuMup, wlieth*! w-uld not be Seller that Midi differs nee Mlnmldbc settled , Vach side, or by thui . a Ineii by iiuuJU. A'ml .should Huch course Ik* proposed by either party, it sluill be nc- i ceded toby the othti, utiiess de plied by it idtogether 1 incompatible with the nature oi the d.il icnce.or ihe 1 cucumstances ot the case. article XXII. If (which is not expected, an 1 which Gjd forbid!) war shall unhappily ho-ak out between th. two iepuh lics, they do now, with a view to such calamnity, sol emnly pledge themselves to each other and to the world lo observe the following rules,abs lately, where the na ture of< t the subject permit* id aa ok in all ‘-ases where sueli absolute observance shull be im possible. 1. The merchants of either republic then rcsiding in the other shall be allowed to n.-niuin twelve months (for those dwelling in the interior,) and six months (for those dwelling at the seajxms,) to collect their ileltsand settle their ulfaire ; during whieii |Kriods, they shall en jCy the same prut* etion, and b. on the name looting, in all respects, as the citizens or subjects of the most fritml i ly nntions; and, at tie* expiration thereof,or at any l tune before, they shall havi lull liberty to depart, car rying off all their eflects without mol* station or hin j drauce ; conforming therein to the same laws which the [ citizens or subjects of the most friendly nations are re i quired to conform to. Upon the entrance ol the armies I of either nation into the territories ot the other, women , and children, ecclesiastics, scholars ol every faculty, j cultivators of’the earth, merchants, nriisnns, manufitc turcrs.and fislierriien.unnriued and inhabiting unforti j) ti and towns, villages oi places, and in gcie'ial all pei sons whose occupations are for the common subsistence and benefit of rnankind,sliall be allowed t* continue their j respective employments, unmolested in their persons ; Nor shall their houses or goods he burnt or otherwise j destroyed, nor theircnttle taken, nor their fields wasted, by the armed force into whose power by the eventsot war,they may happen to fail ;but if the necessity arise to take anything trom them lor the < se oi such armed force,the same shall be paid for ot an equitable price.— Allchuichcs, hospitals, schools, colleges, libraries, and other establishments, for charitable and bemlic ;u pur poses, shall be respected, and all persons connected with the same, protected in the discharge of their duties, and tlie pursuit of their vocations. 2. In order, that the late of prisoners of war rntty be alleviated, all such practices as those of sending them into distant, inclement or un wholesome districts, or crowding them into close and noxious places, sh ill In* studiously | avoided. They shall not be confined in dun , geoiis, prison-ships, or prisons, nor be put in j irons, or bound, or otherwise restrained in the j use of their limbs. The officers shall enjoy f liberty on their paroles, within convenient dis j tricts, and have comfortable quarters; and the j common soldiers shall b:* disposed in canton i ments, open and extensive enough for air and j exercise, and lodged m barracks as roomy and ; good as are provided by the party in whose | power they are for its own troops. But if any ntlk er shall break his parole by leaving the district so assigned him, or any other prisoner shall escape from the limits of his cantonment, uln r they sliall have been designated to him. *ueh individual, officer, or other pr.soner, shall forfeit so much of the benefit of this article as provides for ins liberty oa parole or in canton ment. And ii’anolficer so breaking his parole, or any common soldier so escaping from the limits assigned him. shall afterwards lie found in arms, previously to his being regularly ex changed. the person so offending shall be dealt until according’to the established laws of war. The officers r- hall be daily furnished by the party in whose power they are. with as many rations and of the same articles, as are allow ed, either in kind or by commutation, to officers oi equal rank in its own army; and all others shall be daily furnished with such ration us is allowed to a common soldier in it< own ser vice; the value of all which supplies shall, at the close ot the war, or at periodsto be a greed upon between the respective comman ders. be paid by the other party, on a mu tual adjustment of accounts for the subsist- ence oi prisoners; and such accounts shall not he mingled with or set off against any others, nor the balance due on them be withheld, as a compensation or reprisal for any cause what ever. real or pretended. Each party shall be allowed to keep a commissary of prisoners, appointed by itself, witli every cantonment of prisoners, in possession of the other; which commissary shall see tlie prisoners as often as he pleases: shall he allowed to receive, exempt from all duties or taxes, and to distribute, whatever comforts may be sent to them by their friends; and sliall be free to transmit his reports in open letters to the party by whom lie is employed. Ami it is declared that neither the pretence that war dissolves treaties, nor any other what ever. shall be considered as annulling or sus pending the solemn covenant contained in this article. On the contrary, tlie state of war is. precisely that for which it so provided; and du ring which, its stipulations are to be sacredly observed as the most acknowledged obligations under the law of nature or nations. ARTICLE XXIII. This treaty shall be ratified by the President of the United IS t a tea of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof; and by the Piebident of the Mexican repub lic. with the previous approbation of its Gene nd Congress; and the nitificntion dmll be ex ch uiged lit tlie city ot Wasmngi>.i in tour months from tlie date ol* me signature hereof, or sooner it’ practicable. In faith whereof we, the respective plenipo tentiaries. have signed this treaty ot* peace, friendship, limits and settlement, and have hereunto alfixed our seals respectively. 1 >one in quintuplicate, at the city oI Guadalupe Hi dalgo on tlie second day of February, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and forty-eight. N. P. TRUST. [l. s.l LUIS G. CUKVAS, l. 8.1 BERNARDO CON TO, l. s.j MIG. A Tli IST A IN, [l. s.j Additional ami sreret article of the treaty of peace, friendship, limits, and settlement, be tween the Untied State# of America and the Mi \rcan republic, signed this day by their respective plenipotentiaries. ( Expunged.) Ift view ot the possibility that the exchange ot the ratifications of this treaty may, by the circumstances in which the Mexican republic is placed, be delayed longer than the term ot’ four months fixed by its twenty-third article for the exchange oi ratifications ol*the same.it j* hereby agreed that such delay shall not. in any manner, afiect the force and validity of this treaty, unless it should exceed the term of eight months, counted from the date of the sig nature thereof. Tills article is to have the same force and virtue as ifinserted in the treaty to which this is an addition. In faith whereof, we the respective plenipo tentiaries have signed this additional and se cret article, and nave hereunto utiixed our Kcals. respectively. Done m quintuplirnte ut the city oi Guadalupe llidulg ) on tlie second day ol February, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and lurty eight. \. P. TRIST. [l. s. LUIS G. CUEVAS. [l. s.’ BKKNARIJO CON IT), i u a. MIG. ATRIHTAIN, [u. a/ ‘I he ( tiillicity of the M ost* F.mu the All to the Rocky .Mountains, from the* liomii tak ol the North to the trpul waters ot the Gult of Mexico! Every soil,every climate, every vu riety ot cm nee, Os ail the great pro facts of the world, collee is the only one which Uock u>>t, ur liny not grow here. ‘Fake the people of Britain, Ireland, France, Holiund, Germany, Italy an 1 S;m.n, and place the whole in tlie valley bey mil th • Appilacbinns, nml it would contmue to ask (or “in >re.” Ono alone, with- | out Kinking n pit below die level of h r valleys, could supply coal cq ml to tli * amount dug from the mines ol of Eiinland and Whuieslbr tw iiy-iiv hundred years, and < >liio buta pigmy,in the wav ot ban nr i, compar ed with Western IVimslyvanin no I Virginia. Iron a bounJa from ‘fen ies.< e to Like Erie,and forms the ve ry mountains o| Mmsoun anl Arkansas. Halt wells up from K -cret store-hour’s in every North Western Htate. Lead enough to shoot the hu nuu ri • • extinct, w r.iised from the pie it lu iul ic dykes of I Ini jik and Wisconsin Copper un i silver l**ekoa all trusting eapitabsts to the ■hofeot Lake Superb* Ami in irk the watercourses, the chain ot l ikes, the immenss plains giaded lor mil roads by iiatuit s own hand,too tescivoiis of water waiting for eatials to use tls*ni Already, tn** Inriner far in the interior wmkl* of Ohfo or Indiana may slnp lu produce at Ins own door to reach Boston,New \ ork FlntadelpiiM, Baltimore, or Now G lenns, mi.l every mile of ns transit sliull be by cnual, steam boat and rail car. — fiiurth American Hevtew .Hiisfit'hii st* fts* Th* Democratic in* mbera of tin* Legislature ol Mns aacfio-t its la id n meeting in the State Hon> on Tue* day evening, un i utnuumou ly tln*ir preler i ne* tor Levi YVi odbuiy, ol New iium|eliin*, ss th* D ntoetutk* candidate hn Fnstu nt in the tldtioiiix I MACON, GEORGIA. WEDNESDAY, MARCH 22, ISIS. FOIt PRESIDENT, GEN. ZACHARY TAYLOR. KT* Advertisements must be handed in by ‘.l o'clock Tuesday morning*, or they cannot be inserted. * The Through Schedule. It will be •en by the advertisement of the Macon j Sl Western Railroad Company, that on and after Men- | day next, there will be no detention of the Cars, of ! tmy of the Railroads terminating at Atlanta. This is os it should be. State Hunk Agency* We understand that the place of the late Lewis A Beck Esq , as Agent of the State Bank at Griffin, has been supplied by the appointment of Miles (5 Dobbin Esq. who will continue the business os heretofore. 1 hlorotorni. Assume of our correspondents seem disposed to dis cuss the merits and demerits of this wonderful agent we deem it unnecessary to do more than stated at pre sent that we have witnessed several cases in which its potency and value in surgical operations were clearly and triumphantly exhibited. The particulars of these cases ore already prepared for publication and are only excluded this week by the extreme length ol the Treaty with Mexico. Funentl of Col. Mclntosh. The remains of the veteran Mclntosh, which were escorted from this City to Savannah on Thursday last by detachments from the Macon Volunteers and Floyd Rdles, ondercommand of Capt. Conner, were receiv ed in Savannah, by the Savannah Volunteer Guurds, and interred on Saturday, with Civic and Military hon ors. The cortege is rt predresented as having been most imposing, the places of business generally were closed, the Hags on the shipping displayed at half-mast and every honor paid to the memory of the brave old soldier and patriot. Death of Judge Spencer* The Northern papers announce the death of the Hon. Ambrose Spencer alter a protracted illness, Mr. Spencer has been long and well known ns a Slate Senator of New York, Judge of the Supreme Court, and member of Congress, and died at his residence, in Lyons, Wayne county, on Monday, at the age of about 85. He was the President of the Baltimore Convention of May, 1841, winch nominated Clay and Frelinghuysen. Death of Henry Wheaton. This distinguished, diplomatist and author died, re cently at Boston. He had been appointed Professor of International Law in Harvard University, but sunk un der a constitutional desease from which he has been suffering for several years. Not a word of truth in it. A report seems to be generally circulated in the country that the City Council of Macon levies a tax oj *25 cents per bale upon all cottons brought into this mar ket. One gentleman informs us that a respectable plan ter from Jones county, informed him that he had seen bills icith such charges upon them ! We have enquired of the proper authorities and are assured that the council make no such charges, and that if such Bills do exist,the parties holding them have either been swindled themselves or have forged the paper in question, lor the purpose of injuring the business of this city. We are truly sorry that the prosperity of Macon is exciting the jealousies of others,especially as the mode of warfare adopted lias been so dishonorable. All we ask, is an open field and a fair fight and if they can dis tance us in the great race for prosperity, be it so. The present mode of warfare will do our enemies more in jury than it will us. St. Patrick’s Day. The proceedings of the Hibernian Society on the Anniversary of Ireland’s patron Saint, were not receiv ed at this office until too late an hour yesterday, for their insertion in our present number. Had they been handed to us in time we shonld have inserted them with pleasure. The Society marched in procession to the Council Chamber, where a chaste and appropriate ad dress was delivered by S. R. Blake, Esq., and in the evening partook of a sumptuous dinner, served up in the best style of Mr. Williams, of the Wasington Hall. Songs, sentiment and chantpaigne flowed fre ly, and the day panned off moat cheerily. We regret that un expected engagements precluded us from availing our | selves of the kind invitation of the Society, and to join in its festivities. Congress. The two most important events of the last week in Congress, were the passage of the Ten Regiment Bill in the Senate, by a vote of 39 to 19, and a pugulistic ren counter in the House of Representatives, between a Mr. Jones of Tennessee, and the Hon. Hugh A. Har alson, late Chairman of the Military Committee. The latter seems to have been merely ail arnatuer perform ance as the worthy chairman seems to have fought somewhat by virtue of his military jiosition. The affair was soon adjusted and the offending parties apologized to the House, shook hands, professed the most ardent love for each other, and for aught we know kissed and like Botts and Tyler, slept that night beneath the same blanket. Monocromatic Painting. We beg leave to call the attention of parents and guardians to the Circular of Mr. T. J. Jackson,! who proposes to remain in Macon for a short time, for I the purpose of giving lessons in the above art. Mr. J. j is himself a professional artist of cultivated taste and j ability, and has not only the power to execute, but the I capacity to impart his knowledge and skill to others. His specimens w hich, may be seen at the Floyd House, are truly beautiful, and serve to show the nature of the Art which he professes to teach It is simple, easy of attainment, and yet calculated to give the full effect of the most elaborate painting. Mr. J. proposes to remain | iu Macon a few days, and invites the strictest scrutiny from all who either understand the nrt or who desire to be instructed therein. The Advantages of Advertising. A countryman came into our Office a few days since . and enquired where certain stores were lobe found, the proprietors of which advertise in the Journal $ Messen ger, adding at the same time that he wished to do some 1 trading, and made it an invariable rule, always to pur chase goods from those meichants who advertised most liberally. Upon fbetng asked his reasons for such a course, he replied that he had a score of them, but the : most important was, that he made money by the opera tion. In the first place he said, by patronizing the Ed itor, the Merchant in question,enabled that individual to give him and his laiuily a much larger and more val- | uable paper. In the * cond place, men who were lib eral in ad vet tisiiig wert correspondingly liberal in tra- 1 ding He could always get n better bargain out of such ihan he could Irom that class of men who were too |enu rious or too tiuud to let the public know what they had | for sal. This man has grown rich within a lew years, and therefore his opinions upon matters of this kind are ‘ cut tiled to great respect. Minister to Mexico* , The President f the Unite*! Htatea on she 14th in*t., nominated the Hon. Mr. Sevier, nt present a S nntor from Arkansas, mu! (hnirmun of the Committee of foieign Relation* ns Minister Mi Mexico, to carry to that country the Ratiliec! Treaty of peace, with (ull powers to concluda (he loine, Sic. The nomination w.m utu:iimo<nly emtinned, and Mr. Sevier will leave iiiiineiliately tor the City of Mexico. Him private S*c retury is Mr. W a lull ol Philadelphia, a son of Hubert WaUk, well known as nit old Federalist, and as the present Consul at Pun*, under Mr. Folk. New Hampshire election. The returns received are from about two-thirds ofthe Bmt\ The de.nociutic candidate for Governor is elec ted hy lwo to three thousand majority. There are twenty to thirty and rnoc.atic ntajoiity in the House ol Reprrsen litiy. _____ Red nation ol .Mr. Mtoekton. This gentleman has resigned his place os Agent o Transportation, on the State Road, thus saving the |*ow ••is that be, the unpienaaiu necemty of u*ti.-‘ly<ng their nliticnl friends, ly removing a Innhful and efficient of liner, merely became he happen* to be a Whig. .11 ait ii f*c ting To was. New rk, New Jersey, affords probably on ■ ofthe bes ■xanii le* in tin* country of the advantages ol manufac tures to a town In Newark had only a populs ion o. h,o|7 Inhabitants { now tin population amount mahout 30,000. The Treaty oi Peaee* Tnis famous document will be found entire in our columns to day. How it was obtained we know not. Bennett of the New-York Herald professes to have re ceived it from Mexico, but there are many evidences oti the face of the paper, which prove that he had an agent in the Senate Chamber, who kept n faithful re cord of the proceedings of that body Washington bi ter writers state, that Senators confess that the copy is substantially correct, and this is established by the fact that the Senate actual y went into secret session for the purpose of deliberating upon the propriety of removing the injunction of secresy from the wh.!e proceeding. We publish the Treaty entire, to the exclusion of much other interesting matter,because it is a v.-ry im portant paper and because n synopsis of it might give an jinperfect idea gs its provisions. It is very worJy an 1 prolix, and in some parts almost obucure, but such as it is.it has pawed the Senate, and only awaits the sanc tion of the Mexican authorities to be of binding force. Every thoughtful person in the nation seems to de sire n pence. Therefore, the Treaty will be generally re ceived with favor ; but we fully agree with the Editor of the National Intelligencer in the opinion that it is a peace of which every body will be glad, and nobody proud of. It is indeed a m< st miserable letting down of the high pretensions of Mr. Polk, and his friends. They commenced to conquer a peace, and after gaining a score of brilliant victories, have bcc.i compelled to wind up with a miserable huxtering Treaty, which can not be better described than in the graphic language used by Major Jack Downing, in his despatch that will be found on the first page of this day’s paper, and to which the p iblic ore referred. The next question is, will Mexico assent to the Trea ty ns modified? This is barely possible. Had Gen. Scott l**en continued at the head of the Army, that as sent would have hcenensily obtained ; hut it is already surmised that Santa Anna, especially if he can secure the three millions, will again try the fate of war, hoping that under anew commander and different auspices, the Mexican arms may yet be triumphant. Upon the whole,the public mind will not be fully at rest for some weeks to come. The action of the Pres ident in appointinga Minister, and of the Senate in ap proving that appointment, would seem to indicate that further negotiations are expected. This is a doubtful policy. The Treaty as modified ought to sent hack ns the ultimatum of the American government, nnd Mex ico required to accept, or reject it, and take the conse quences. The course of our government during the whole war has been entirely too temporizing. We have been fighting nil the time, as if under the convic tion that we were doing wrong, and as if wc were anx ious to get out of the difficulty ns soon os possible, with out special regard to the terms. This has emboldened the enemy, who would have been deterred and driven into terms by a different policy. However the time has passed for fault-finding, nnd our only consolation is, that should the government es cape from its present difficulties, it may take n lesson from the past and act with more caution in future. (’oluinbtis and Mitcon. Our Columbus Cotemporaries seem determined to have a controversy with Macon or at least with the friends of the South Western Road. Communications and editorials appear in their papers disparaging the enterprise and throwing doubts upon the integrity of its projectors aml present officers; incorrect and unjusti fiable statements are made in regard to the intentions of the company; to the conduct of the Central Company and the rates paid to contractors. Columbus people are making it convenient, in their perigrinations through some portions of the Southwest to discourage the sub scribers to the South Western Stock from paving the instalments on the same, lest forsooth they may be de ceived nnd utterly ruined. Now we put it to the honor of the good people of Columbus to say if this is not an illiberal and un just mode of warfare. Maeon has pursued no such course towards the Muscogee Company. Her press and people have bid it, God speed. Many of them have been anxious to see the road built, and if they had possessed the means would have contributed to that end. But they have no more money than is required for the South Western Rond and that is an enterprise which they think will be more profitable both directly and collaterally. They have been perfectly will ing that the Macon and Western Company should aid the Muscogee enterprise and that Columbus should enjoy all possible advantages therefrom. So far from interfering with Columbus, or the Muscogee Company, the South-western Company have gone quietly forward and raised no inconsiderable portion of the money necessary to build the road to Fort Gaines or such other point on the Chattahoochee ns may finally be determined upon. Thirty five miles of the work are already under contract, something like three hundred hands are employed by the various contractors and nearly two miles of the road have been graded. A majority of the contractors are not only planters, but large stockholders in the company. Like true patriots and wise men they are making the road for their own convenience, for the purpose of bringing their own crops and those of their neighbours to mar ket. It is not supposable that these gentlemen will work for nothing or without some return profits for their labours ; but that they have engaged to grade the road at 13 cents the square yard we utterly deny. It is not our place to develop the secrets of the company, hut we will venture to say that if extravagant prices had been offered by the South Western Cotnpauy and there had been any chance to make a deep share out of the poor planters, Mr. John G. Winter and his cohtbourcrs would have been the Inst men to give it publicity in the newspapers and the first to have a “finger in the pie.” The very fact that such men have nothing to do with thee nterprise and that the contracts have been taken by planters of character and capital should be sufficient to | convince any one that the work will be carried foward ! in good faith and that neither the stockholders nor the public will he injured. The planters of South Western Georgia know full well the gentlemen who have charge of their funds. They are no strangers to Joel Craw ford, James A. Everett and Win. A. Black. They are then neighbours and friends—men w hose characters lor integrity and truth and fair dealing could not be improv- j edeven by a certificate from Columbus. It is to such i men that the uffairs of the South Western Company have been confided and the people are not to beshuken in their confidence by any thing which may come from interested sources. That Columbus is deeply interested to evident, and ; that her citizens should be opposed to the completion of the South Western Road is not astonishing. We beg however that, that opposition may be properly manifest ed and especially that her press should deal more lairiy with a rival enterprise. Thus far we are pleased to learn that their efforts luive been eutirely unsuccessful and that the Hubscriln ni to the stock are promptly pay ing up their instalments. Nay, farther, we learn that the very course pursued has aroused a spirit in the coun ties below which is likely to operate directly in favour o* the South Western Road. A correspondent, as will be seen in another column, informs us that the planters ore resolved that they will not le compelled to trade at Col umbus any longer They have the means and are de terinnied to make the road. More Georgia Sugar. The planters of South-Western Georgia seem resolv ed tobe independent, not only in regard to their Rail road communication! hut also with reference to their production!. They have the finest soil in the Union, not only because it is inexhaustible, but also because ofthe variety and value of its productions. Their puic lands will produce more cotton to the acre than nio.it of the river lands ui other portions ol the South. Tliey are baaed upon a continuous bed of marl, and therefore will last forever. They ore also fine for provisions, and to complete the list of their perfections, recent experi ments ahow that tliey will nuke almost ns good sugar , ns can be raised in Lousiunita. Why should Uiey not ! They nre in nearly the same latitude, and pof<-ss the aamegeneral character Vith the ad litio iil advantages common to u Mai l region. These remarks are elicited hy the receipt ol another t fine specimen of 8 tgur produceJ on the plantation ol Ur K*>yr. C. Huuul Via noil, which is nearly if not quite equal to any of the specimen* winch we have j yet noticed. The Ur. Informs us that he phutod a lit- j tie over an acre ol cane an I with comparatively littl*> attention, prodaovd 4 barrels of sug r, w iging *.iy 2b i lbs. each, 5 barrels of syrup, and 1 barrel of molasses, 1 any ol 32 gallons each. Almost any of our readers nm take th * n'> ve data a id autisfy themselves hi regard to tl* profitableness ol ; th’crop, as compared wtn Cotton. Tlie yield pci acr* in L'uisiiiia is much greater ; but it mast not I* forgottou that there the machinery an I appunc - to | expressing the juice an I reducing it are in ich more per feet un I consequently secure a larger yield. Betides ex|H*rirnc •in the culture ofthe oune would probably ( materially increase tli- qn unity grown on a given spice ( While on this subject, wc take pleasure in onlli.ig | attention to an able at tide entitled “ Units on Buga. copied in’ ;on • rr - ’ it RwVmm, an i prepVre I * for lhVr‘ ’ “ ‘ • friend whose opinio: is,"■ i V „ j. j ,M:w: “■/ lo rwpec fill c cisijcr.it! J.I r ’ t i inn lit .A,m r.ul Messenger, lExlea , Highly Important from Europe’ Ufvoliiiion it, IVsijj,.,. The Throne Abd.,atid.— Th e jw in furor of a li,-:uhli c . Til- Cambria has hrcti Megnpli*| , t (m. , VM'Ma, nr,.l her into! ~ . which his crossed the wa.t r lor y. ~r . . . ( .1 Revolution line it Inst broke uuti:i T l'hillippc abdicated the Throne in ln v .. r .'> (•’ 1 * I’oris,nml proposed the liar Ur JS -;,u, * Th s was the signal for a general ootbr,.#p . * n pr.'i I , in favor of a Republican form ot ( . They declared that munnrchy should dir'w ‘ “",‘’""1 1 Phillippe. The Deputies opposed the Repu 1 . ■ went. lut weie overpowe.eJ by u, m ’ ‘ :i 1,1 “t ----j people. The troops oi lire line were ordereTon .J and” at contusion and vieleDO* OOSOed ; but i „ Jj found tire National Guards fraternized with tie- * ‘ and at the latest dates, the Guards and the pn.'"."^ l complete possession of I'm is, T 1 ’ .had A procession laid passed through the mi n i,, carrying the THIN IN E out of the Tuil|,.„, s shouting lor a Republic and singing ,i u . VJ Hymn. The loss of hie is represented as mouse, some FIVE HUNDRED having been s’* 1 " 1 ’ the first collision. In many instances the troop.ijm 111 fused to uct ago ini t the people. The principle j, *’ tion of lilc had occurred in the neighborhood ot t i„ r” leries, which Imd been taken possession of |, v n,) and the furniture was thrown out of the window.”" 11 ’ the rails on the principle Rail Roads had been to-"”' 1 to prevent the udvance ot troops Irom distant p umlR ’ “* It was generally believed at die latest dm,. liuu . strong government would be organized and a R, |m ’ ’ on the model of the United States government lia.t proposed. Thus is monarchy tottering to iu tali a old world. “* Liverpool, Teh. 26tA.—Cotton Market— nock,,,-. There had been a slight advance, hut it had n„t sustained in consequence of the small demand for i ’ ulaclured goods. Hail Roarl meeting in Florida. Some ol the opponents of the South Western Rj |. Road have expressed the opinion that there is i,„ charter which authorizes the construction nf nq j through Alabama to Pensacola Day. They mistaken, hut even if they were not, the Soutii West em Company is entirely independent ns will beset nr. the following resolutions passed at a large meet into the citizens of Mariana, Florida, on the 21st u |t 1 “ Whereas, no portion of the South is more eligible fortlie construction of Rail Roads than this pert „f Florida, both on account of its level surface, itsa ‘e quate supply of water—without the obstruction of li-ge or numerous rivers, and the abundance of timber; ,f. fording too, the shortest ns well as most practicnl, route to the Gulf of Mexico, Irom the upper pan of the State of Georgia, to St. Andrew's Bay. one of safest and most spacious Harbors on the Gulf Coart Resolved. That it is desirable, that the prn.rrni Hail-Road Worn Macon, seeking a terminus on :t Gulf, should traverse thin section of the country, ard that all proper inducements shonld be offered to ti* Rail Road Company to that end—and that the St drrtrs Ray Laud Company nnd the citizens of Jnri. son and Washington counties, ought to co-operate fi this purpose,w liit-h is hereby most earnestly comment to their notice. Resolved, That it is the interest of every citizen j this portion of the State, and especially of every plan ter, to encourage this enterprise hy a liberal subscript,n for stock. That the direct effect of such a roadsoib lie to enhance eventually, the value of lands in itv cinity ; to increase the immigration to our youna See and dove lope its resources. That the present fipom tion of cotton interests from tiris county, alone, ii amounts to 7.000 bales, would lie increased in a - by bringing into cultivation large transit id and valuable lauds, known as Seminary Lands, wi have lately been thrown into the market and : lands which have not been brought into cultivation fcg the want of a more convenient market.” Thus it npjienrs that it Alabama should reta- (an event not probable) to gram the necessary facilities Georgia nml Florida, are entirely independent of her action. They can still hove an outlet to the Golf orer their own territory. But this may not be necessary,a* we understand the powers already existing,are ample and in the hands ol men who are anxious and ready to use them. Importunf C ontradiction. A Washington correspondent ol N. Y. Herald uim contradicts several important rumors which have been extensively circulated among the papers, first origina ting, we believe, in that paper: “It has been stated tiiut Mr. Sierra has applied on be ! half of Y ucatan to be annexed to the United States; and further, that he has protested against the treaty. H< lias done neither. No official proposition for annexation hasever come from Yucatan. No proposition, official or other wise, has couie through Mr. Sierra. Mr. Ko biera did mention unofficially, and casually, that ne wished such a measure could be conipaseed; but ue suggestion never received encouragement from this go venunent. There is no foundation for the state®.! that Mr. Sieria has protested against the ratification or acceptance ol the treaty with Mexico.” Kentucky Whig Convention. A writer in the Louisville Courier, in some remarks in reference to the late whig State Convention oiKy. says : “ Hut every candid man who mixed with the mem bers ofthe convention will be bound to concede ai that overw helming majority believed that Gen. Taylor was their choice as a candidate. That this declaiatm# ol the superior and decided availability of Taylor * not expressed by the convention, was owing to the ear nest entreaty of so me of Mr. Clay's friends to save feelings, seconded by letters from Messrs. Crittenden, Morehead, Duncan and Games, which were pabhely read advising the whigs ol their belie! that Mr. Clay would decline,and that General Taylor would obtain the nomination ol the National Convention. A large number of whigs who intended to pnwdi* nomination of Taylor, yielded to the advice of Me** Crittenden, Morehead and Duncan; but it w * ri ‘ well known that on Monday, night, at tfia meeting °( 21st referred to, about two hundred whig* •'ill on the nomination, and at lust unwillingly not to press the nomination in the convention. ‘That the fetters of the whig members ol Congo**.*** whom expresaed the strongest confidence that l*ylor would get the nomination of the national convention, and if he did, would lie elected, had the most powers influence on the the members of that convention.no one con deny, and that the action of both Ito* fit* l1 * HIW Taylor convention* were materially affected aid tied by these letters. The contents of n letter from Mr. More hr id *‘‘ rP freely cucuiuted among the members ol the couvruuoo which tetter wus received after tlie night ofUir- 1 '” and which letter stated that he had been deputed by * whig members of Congress, from Kentucky, Mr b ll ner excepted, to express to Mr. Clay their bei l lb *■ u< n )t be elected, and should decline ; and that Mr slid to Mr. Morehead, in reply to tne cohhbuhic* l " 11 ’ that he regretted he had not declined last spring lli *’ lie most deeply regretted he had not declined o* tin * casion t>fmaking Ins speech last November; bn 1 woule then decline, but thraome obligation* to f * 4,fMl Ii iends not to do so while he wus in the east; but t’ would publicly withdraw when he reached 11 • which would be between the 10th and ISlhd Mur l A Valuable Discovery il True. It is said that un tlngludi clirmist has dfecuveriJ* subsume* which when mingled with arasnif wi | ! once iiiekc it* prcactioe known. It is a powder * ‘ inny Ik* conibined with arsenic in certain prof** l ' 0 and which iafuflttbtile in its effect that “tt P rc! "“ cun be recognis'd in the bod. Milk bccomea blu • immediately,nnd in l beer, eet.,alau ohange color from iti fnflqtnce ventor proposes th n apothecaries shall ~lV ’ 1 ‘ el, under fear of the severest penalties, to * I or except when prepared with thlipcwd r. I'm Iter Mwtihow* Resolutions in fevor of extending to tins D ‘ eclesiastic the hospitalities of Nre York 'ty .*** r anim msly agreed toby both boards on Mon* |V 1 ’ and arc to be forwarded to him by the snip 11 * ll . is expected that iiu will embark lor Ani-ia* 1