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JOURNAL \ MESSKNGKH S. T. CHAPM VJi A S. KOSIC, editors. The ilritish Cotton Trade, The following table of the exports of Cotton Yarn and Cotton Cloth from England, during the year of 1847, (remarks the Providence Journal,) will throw lotne light upon the future consumption and price of Cotton. It will be seen that nine-tenths of the yarn and more than half of the cloth, were exported to the continent of Europe and to India and Chinn These market* ore almost wholly closed. The political convulsions in Europe ha\e destroyed all business, and the comm ret ini convulsions in the East hove destroyed ail credit. It is plain that the production of cotton goods in England must tail olf immensely. The effect which this will have upon prices, and the manner in which the client of it may he modified by other circumstances, our readers can as well judge ol as wt. The weaker establishments m England will probably be seriously affected, while those who are able to maintain themselves until the continental mar kets are again opened, wnich must of uect snity oc cur in a few months, will then do s really incren- and business. Cotton Manufactures txim ted from England in 1847. Country. Pounds Yarns. Y’dsCloth Belgium, 3,520,473 12,037,614 Denmark, 888,844 594,173 France, 73,862 10,512.73‘J Gibraltar, 91,081 11,148,321 Hanse Towns, 36,123,631 73,4-47,458 Hanove r 2,295,969 87,075 Holland 16,206,656 39,113,893 Malta and lonian Islands. 984.259 7,393.886 Naples and Sicily 5 519,198 12,504,126 Prussia 386,954 2,100 Portugal,. 81C,438 32.373,119 K use io 12,632,353 2,963,470 Sweden, 2,483,897 10,447,123 Spain, 10,063 131,088 Sardinia, 2,501,539 ! 5.037,414 Trieste and Venice, 2,576,285 8,477.230 Turkey and Greece, 8,015,674 83,095,318 To Europe 95,136,174 305,365 747 India and China, 20,020,264 183,856,761 South America, 69,586 152,090,013 United States 58,743 94,666,091 Other places 1,228,077 122,752,469 116,512,874 858,731,087 1,142,008 bales Cotton consumed in 1847 406,551,848 lbs. Deduct loss in spinning 1 1 os per pound 44,506,936 Yarn Spun 362,0 <7,912 The Cotton Thread, 2,855,941 lbs and im • other small item* are not included in the above.—( i:: lesion Mercury. Statistics of the Cotton Trade. Tn this day s paper wc publish the semi-annual ta bles of the Brn.sh Cotton manufactures, comprising-the comparative export of the articles produced from thi raw cotton in England to all parts of the world. The importance of mew tab.i s, in a cotaiiienml point of View, cannot be too Ingh.y appr* can not only l> those immediately connected w ith tii ,ral , hut by ail having connection with r i neic-.al manuia*-:uri On thIMM - depends almost in a Direct maiinet i- w ire of n ‘t other occupations. Thecouiv ofexe ’'inge?.the move ment of specie, and c n- :■. ntly th*- state : tjie cur rency or the facility With w . most fn-. s i... u can obtain money in ail commercialcuu.kij- s, and -in an eminent degree upon the raaily • ie c t B tish good* in distant matkets. In th table i* g;um tl; - nanus of thirty-tour leading p>:'iu>ot\!-st ... nf.i entnogoods. shot which are im|>oinnt and adverse n- w) from any one cau- a p os .. . al and agitates man . inter • • ugh -t the United States. To estimate the f.m importance of the trade it must be remembered that the raw material c •nstitutes in value 60 per cent, of all th-* exp . is ui the United States which u-a -Uy arc t * :.t i the imports. That is toaay, the value of the cotton :p*rte.i istituicsGO per cent of the in an* uiivwtu Amei m me. Ea.its depend to pay for the goo.:** iaey buy abroad ; not only so, but an equal propoi tr >u of internal ‘-ilia druwn on New-York to pay for > 1-; u.ch-- J lor internal con sumption. peuJ upon die mme contingency ; that is to say, when tii cotto i- supped mostly from the South, the foreign bills drawn on it are the ui- liuiu in which importers pay for the goods, but th bn,* they j buy, drawn against cotton, are sent here tor sale from ( the South, and against the proceeds tire running inter nal bills, while the manufacturers of th*- United tauten are buying cotton in the Southern pot is in competition with foreign buyers, and the Liverpool mu ike i regu lates tike price of cotton, for all as well as the amount lor which bills maybe diawn. The quantity of cotton teal from the United States to England constitutes about 80 per cent, of the w hole quantity she buys, which in 1*47, it app.nrs, was 1,142,090 bales, weighing 5,55 1 >lB pounds, worth A’11,668,2! 4, say $55,000,000, at the rates of last year, This was worked up into good*, woth £32,467,000, say $160,000j000 Os this amount there was exported £22,967,000, by official aa .it*, -ay $115,000,000, constituting oue-lialf of the entire export* of Ureal Britain. Thus, on th • value of the raw cotton and of the fabrics produced from it, depends one half of the external business of tire two guaUst commercial countries the world ever saw. The $55,000,000 value of raw cotton receives from British industry an ad ditional value equal to $105,000,000, nearly double eveii at the present low level of manufacturing cost. The tables to which we allude are the chart allowing where and in what proportions this stupenduous con sumption is perfected. To the vast colonial system of the British government is mainly to be ascribed the fact that a market has been found for the rapidly increasing production. The persevering manner in which the British government, not alwuya blameless ly, has opened new markets, lias afforded an opening for her enterprising dealers to follow closely in the tear of her advancing diplonit ti-i-* and armies, and cotton has usually been the main article of export. It is a singular fact that almost the only increase wh:c’ liar .aken place m the exerts either of the Uni ted Stiuea or Great Britain, for the last twenty years ha* •rjwn from Cotton, only. Thus !h exports ol Gr*t Britain were u lollows: 1827. 1836 18-16. Cottons 17.6-J8.1C5 24.632,1)58 25.iiOII.fiyj AU other 111,513,170 28,736.514 *5,67904* Totsl, AX,181,335 53,368,572 513173,735 In (lie ten yesrs rmliug with 183fiihe aggregate value of cotton exports, even with lulling prices hr tits raw material, lies increased AI.tSMMHX), or $ I >H .000, while the v.lue if nil other exports l.an declined A3,. ItiO,(XK). In the United Suites lor Corresponding peri ods, the results have been u lollows 1827. 1836. 1846. Cotton 20,575,31! 71JSI.!ttS 51.73ti.fi43 All oilier, tv-,124 88‘1 33,631,755 47560,133 Totsl *55,700.103 106,316,680 33,2>.13,776 The general export trade of the United States ho. far more elasticity than that of F.nglnnd, but by Mir th* target portion ol the aggregate merrnw is on ac count of cotton, which hue been *25.164,332 out ol *436*3,586 The colonies of Great Britain hnvr been important market, for the goods which site lias wrought up, nn.l •iiythinp winch afii-fltatlie in. an. of th *<■ Uolotiu to 00:. Virtue their pureSi i r . !>• iimtni mc-- .- tude. Thus we tiud that in 1816, the West lino took 3560t6"0 yard, ol plain and dyed coito i. ; in 4847 1844 000. lnthe latter cs-e in. decline m Ktndi.ii ex| t laproli.hlveoinpeii-si.-d, -ia furaa cnnsnnipi on ol tic raw material is concert, and, by Incri txl purohaars of Mwiss muslins ( but ill ill. case es the Weal Indue it arises liom ad. Hole in re, ire. - What eflect paming event* in Luriqie are likely to have up-m the cotton ms indict urea ulinosiHy, i tatical. At present the latye capital and ex tnaMve aommernil eniiru tun sos Greet Bntsiu gne liar eononr iwl ol tnark'-ts that, ss a -n above, con* aunie lour-littha of the eottoti wrought up by lu-r, or one hall oi all the raw coin hi produced. The estate hahrw.it of Irr. M.iitutnJttr, with lnodih. il taxes and diminish. and restriction upon trade m France and Ocr ■nuy, Uh- umled population*id winch are To.iXMjUUO profile, will at one and tite aa.ne time greatly Increase the demand for goods, awl also the facilities for son- Mnental mantilacture. Already cottons are rapidly appointing ibe heavy linens worn by the mnw ol people in Germany, and there is no doubt.hut the de mands for raw cotton from Western Europe will, in a state ol continued tranquility, soon equal all the raw cotton now produced. The 20,000,000 people in the United Ststes imported Inst yeat from England 85,014J2C1 yards, nnd they produced 450,0.10,000, ma king h total of 535,311.261 yards, of which some 40,000,000 yards were exported, leaving a consump tion of 25 yards per head. England consumes about 23 yards per head. It the continent cnnstimes in time 20 yards, the demand will be 1,200,000 bales ol cotton in addition to the whole present crops. In the United States the manukictarc ns well us the con sumption is rapidly ext -nding, and that in the South ern Slates in the immediate vicinity of the planta tions. Ultimately those institutions must command the whole trad.. Cotton cannot be much long.-r car ried to Havre, thence across France, thence up the Swiss mountains, to he returned the name way in the shiqieof muslins, to be sold in South Ctiroliiin to the growers of the cotton in opposition tomiils next door to them. —Dry Gouda Rtporltr. Growth of I‘liiglish Cotton. The English arc persevering in lln ir experiments of growing Cotton in North-Eastern Australia and Indio. We must not suppose, that this depends upon i/tdi riilualeffort. The Government of Greot Hritian is energetically bent upon succeeding. It iscertain, then, that the experiment will not lie abandoned, and that success may ultimately attend it. On September 2d, the Manchester Chamber of Com merce heard a report from Mr. Lang ns to the excel lence of tile Innd of North-Eastern Australia ill produ cing cotton. The samples offered were pronounced “of very good quality.” A short time ago Australia began loconipete with foreign countries in the English wool-market— now theje is imported from that country, imports ont-Jaurth of all the wool brought into Grca l Britain. Mark her progress: Imported into Germany. Australis. G Hritian, 1835, 23,738,186 his. 4.21U.3U1 bis. 1812, 15,G 13,263 “ 12,353,671 “ This h! rapid advance, and shows it the people there w ere stimulated (os they are) to the production of cot ton, that in a short time Manchester might count upon Australia as a sure cotton region—capable of making her independent of the United .States. Soon after these S ! K) hales of India cotton were ex hibited at Manchester. It was readily taken by the spinners: the cotton was clean, and the only complaint was as to the shortness of the staple. Ol the 500 bales from 300 to 4(si were sold nt 6 1 2d. peril). Care was taken to distribute it in smnll lots among the spin tie sos the tow n and neighborhood, and the buyers were requested severally to make reports as to its woikmg quality, to the consignee, secretary of the Manchester Commercial Association. A specimen of cottoll grown in Australia tins been submilted to manufacturers in Glasgow, who consider it a very useful ami valuable description. L ind has been secured near the coast in the Coiuba tnn district, India, which will produce loot) pound* te ‘ the aere, of longer staple. .Ylnefy bales of it were | brought forward and quickly disposed of. The English cotton growing expetiiuent is lairly untier way, and and the prophecy is, that in ten years the yield of Aus tralia and India will make the manufacturer* of (treat \ Briti in independent, measurably of the United r-rates. | To give our cotton planters an idea as to the fond- I ness of the English m preferring our cotton in return for i the privilege we g.ve them in our markets to sell their c.nton fabrics, we give the following from the London I Tiroes It says “ Government have received and are ! considering a must comprehensive plan for the lurther i grow th and greater encouragement of the cultivation j ol cotton in India,so as to make this country, when- j ever expedient, entirely independent of the United j States for the basis of the greatest of our staple maim- I farlttres —Southermr. Colton Bagging— The Hemp Crop. The Ivoutsville Democrat says, “There iB but a very small amount of last year’s crop remaining in produ cers hands, and experienced producers are of the opin ion that the crop now coming forward will he from otwthird to one-half leas than last year. The Demo crat sayß. “It is no longer a question whether the American water-rotted hemp is equal to the Russian. That point haa been fniiiy settled by die best tesls.— The Uni'e.l Stales’ ngent tor this State, Col. Lewis Sanders, is a constant buyer in this market. He pur chased a lot ol ten tuna water-rotted, from Fayette county, one day this we. k, at S2osa *2lO per ton.” The Production of Sugar. Anopili on I expressed in the N. Y. True Hun that the decree of the Provisional Government of France abolishing slavery in all the colonies, will ha\ e a great influence upon the supply of sugar, particularly from the Ftench West Indies. The present French West luJia Colonies are the following : Free population. Slaves. Total Martinique 40,000 117,502 157,502 Guadeloupe 32,033 35,603 127.G68 Guiana 5,056 16,533 6,648 A law was passed in 1831 lor the gradual eniancipa. tion ol the slaves, and the number has been reduced a bout 15(2) per antiurn. The production of theae Is lands are as follow : Sugar and Molasses, lbs. Coffee,lha. Martinique, 56 652.363 1,143,915 Guadaloupc, 83,650,337 2,013,779 Guiana 5,989,321 41,765 Total, lbs., 147,632,022 3,198,453. This produce all goes to France, and the Govern ment derived lasi yeur 37,122,000 fra. say *7,000,000, from the duty on sugar. It is argued that the abolition of slavery in the French Islands will be followed by the same results that have been realized in ilayti and jniiiaica, and therefore the probability now is under the decree alluded to, that this supply w ill be entirely cut off, and this large demand—equal to the whole Louisi ana crop must fall upon foreign sources for French con sumption.—C'Auaf Mercury. Steam Passage to Upper California. It is stated in the New-Yoik Journal of Commerce, that Messrs llowland and Aspinw all, iu furtherance of their already extensive operntioiwon the shores of the Pacific, having obtained the government mail contract, are constructing three steamers w hich are to ply month ly between Panama and Oregon, touching at the prom inent ports of California. These steamers are to com mence running next w inter, in connection with one from New-York to Chngrcs at the Isthmus. When these arrangements shall have taken eflect, the passage from New York to Han Francisco, in Upi-rr Cshkirina can lie made in thirty days ; w hereas, now, it occupies aliout lour months. The time consumed in crossing the Isthmus seldom exceeds ‘hirly hour a. Courtesy in the Fninily. If any one doubts whether the family circle is e fre quent witness of a want ol du* courtesy, even among its well disposed uieinliera, let him apply one lest which to us seems perfectly safe, that is, which never unjust ly ensts censure, though often too liberal m ns acquit tals, vix : Would you speak thus to husband, wile, sis ter, brother, child, Ac , if a manger was present I We of course do not refer to the thousand instances in which a parent unbends hiiusrlf lo engage in the sport*and Molto* of hi* child, norto language uttered inthe way of judicious discipline, but to ordinary in terenuraras among companions nnd associates. Not only w ill this test condemn all rudeness on the pnil of equals iu ngr and condition, but of parents in tlicir interronrse with children, and of lenehera with pupils. The “1 will” an 1"1 wen’t,” so obnoxious on the part of cluldrrn, no one defend*, though our ears do, even now, hear sometime*, from ihote almost or quite at year* of''freedom,” language equally Imperti nent, addirsard even to the age,l, But such gross in stancesul impropriety are too universally censurable to need comm. nt. Not only Is it wrong lor children to use >uch language to puieiils, oi pupils to teachers, but It w squally wroug lor parents and Irucbtia thus to ud d.ess children and scholars It is uncourteous, and tlu-y have no light lo set sj. li an example helore the yuung. A pureut ol teacher has no more light tu tram ple upon the rules of good breeding nnd kindness than anybody else In some I. *j eels such an example Irani liwiu I* fraught with the g.esttsi possible evil The langu ige ol refinement oi ly should be t,dera ted in a family nr 111 a school room, and the heads ol those matitutiopa should be the last lo violate this rule Our public table- 1 , the coach, car, and steamboat, would not exhibit so much ol the ludicrous, nor of the udanaiva, If this tule was stiirtly olsterved in tlie fami ly Circle, and in the school room. If parent* would always exhibit courtesy in their in tercourse with their chitdicn, in most cases children would hs courteous to each oilier and to tb-ir aasori atea and aequaiutsucea.— Laetui ee te J’attnlt MACON, GEORGIA. WEDNESDAY, MAY 11, l'l>. For PRESIDENT. GEN. ZACHARY TAYLOR. The Magnetic Telegraph* The Telegraph hat now been in operation for n f:t niqht, and ihe experiment considering ull the circum stances hn* been entirely successful. It is true, ns hns been suggested by the Savannah Republican, tint ih* report*, have not in every instance been us perfect am! ftniiftfaotoiy ns could have been desired, hut nftei cloudy compared those received at the Micon office, with others published nt Charleston, Savannah and Richmond, we are constrained to confess, that the fault is not w ith the operators or the wires, but with the r •r ----respondents. We have not henrd, so far ns this office is concerned, the first complaint as to the inaccuracy of private messages, and there is n universal expression of opinion, favorable to the energy nnd the obliging dispo sition of the gentleman having charge. It is true that the political intelligence thus far ree iv ed.hasbeen meagre and contradictory, and that the Cotton quotations have been at time- grossly jnacco rate. For instance. Fair Cottons per Acadia, were * t down at lid. while the real quotations were 4f (1) 4!. By comparing the various reports, wc have nlrrndv tra ced thi* error as far back as New-York ; so that the probability is, that it occurred with some correspondent nt Boston, who was ignorant of the value of the article, or of the previous quotations Indeed here iathc real cause of complaint, and wc respectfully suggest to our friends in Charlestfin, Baltimore and other place*, the importance of securing men who are familiar with the want* nnd wishes of their Southern patron*. 1. We do not wish for instance ; lull detail* in regard to the pricesot the various classes of wheat, flour, corn or tl*e like—a general statement that there has l>een an advance or decline would be sufficient. 2. Wc do not wish crude and defective statements of ■ revolutions which have never taken place, nor in itne ccsaary to hash up the intelligence by previous ;un * ere, in order to create a senna tion nt the South. Our 1 people here prefer correct and authentic information. 3. What we do want ie, in the first place, an nccu- I rate statement of the Cotton Market,showing tin -stock ion hand, the amount of sales Since last stem, r, the quotationsof the various classes of American Cottons, (if that can be given, if not, then the price of fair l up lands) the state of trade in the manufacturing di -trietd. I and the condition of the money murfaet. 4. After the Cotton Market .should follow a general statement in regard to the condition of the grain mar ket and the prospect of the crops, and then might suc j ceed political or general intelligence. Os thi* the cor respondent should not attempt to send every thing, but j select a few leading facts or incidents,and give them in | telligibly and in detail. We know it require* some little time to perfect every system, but we are constrained to believe dint a strict attention to these simple ri !es, would in a single month remove every objection now urged by many persons against the Telegraph. The fault is not with the op erator or the improvement itself but with those who eoHuiranicate the intelligence. The defects are of a character which can easily be remedied ; and indeed th? real cause of astonishment should be, not that th<* sysit m i* not p erject, but that by so simple an invention, intel ligence can be communicated at all. • Novel Use of the Telegraph. .After the meeting o the Central Club at 10 o’clock on Monday night, the Secretaiy, C. A. Ells, Esq.. transmitted by Tilegrnph, the entries lor \ oterday s race, to the Savannah Republican, in time for the morn .ng iessue of that paper. The reader can imagine the scene of a lover of the turf, in Savannah or Charleston, standing at the Tele graph office, awaiting the announcement of the entries lor the Macon Races,and then ofieiing to “go n julep, or a tens aa the cose maybe, upon the Gmio Filly Jumping Rabbit, or Peggy Morgan. Verily King Solomon never dreamed of the Telegraph, wuen he declared there was 4 * nothing new under the sun.” Mm. Forbes 9 Benefit. The friends of Mrs. Forbes and the Drama, will oj course remember that h-'r benelit takes place on Thurs day night. Mrs. Forbes is a most laborious devotee to her profession, and i* highly entitled to some sub stantial evidences of appreciation fi om the patron* ol the play. .Macon Races, The Spring Races over the Central Course, near this city, commenced yesterday, and were quite numerous ly attended. Mile heats, best three in five, Purse S2OO. The entries were as follows 1. Mr. Lovell’s Bay Filly, G yearsold, by Gano , dam by Sally McGrow. 2. Mr. N appier’s Grey Gelding, “Jumping Rabbit l 6 yean old, by Emerald, out of an Andrew mare.! 3. Mr. Clark’s Sorrel Filly, “ Peggy Morgan 4 year* old, by Traveller, dam by Leviathan. The day was favorable, the tra-k in fine condition. The race was won by the Ga.no Fili.y in two heats— time 1,56 and 2 minutes. The races will continue during the week, the hones are represented to be in fine condition, and great amuse- j ment moy be anticipated, particularly on Thursday, when the purse, as will be seen i* S6OO. The West Point KaiLHoad. The Montgomery Fjtag b( Advertiser, nays that the above road is now in operation to Opelika, in Russell county, 67 miles and that the receipt* for the month of March were $8,942, against $1,721, during the corns* pomding month of last year. Only 21 miles of the rond to West Point remain to be finished. The great er part of the track haa already been graded and we presume the Company will resume operations the mo ment any derisive action hns been taken in regard to connecting with them from Griffin, by way of Green ville and EaG range. Failures in Mobile. The Montgomery pajiere repre*ent th? condition of the Mobile merchant* nt the present time, as being in an exceedingly critical position. Several failure* had already occurred among them, the houses ot llaiiM‘ll Davis. Mnulden and Terrell and E. L Andrews Cos Mr. Andrews in a fit of despondency had utifottuiiatc ly committed auicide. Tlie Hatties in Mexico, Mr Forbes is now exhibiting at the Theatre, a series of very creditable paintings of the various battles iu Mex co. The views consist ol—- 1. Battle of Palo Alto. 2. Battle of Resneca de la Palma. 3. Siege of Monterey. 4. Battle of Hueuu Vista. 5. Disembarkation of the trroopa for Vera Cruz. 6. Lauding of the troop* at Vera Cruse. 7. Bombardment by the xMoaqiilto Fleet. 8. Bniiibardihent by the vessels of the Line. 9. Bombardment of Vera Crux by Gen iScott. 10. Capitulation of Vera Cruz. 11. Battle of Cerro Gordo. 12. Hattie of ChuruhuNcn. These views posse— no inconsiderable merit and are always received with rapturous uppiuuHC. The Volunteer €’orp ol Mttron. A week since, we had the pleasure of witnessing a trial of skill inthe Manual, between the first and second Platoons of the Macon Volunteers, Cspt. Cu.nm k. They drilled lor \ dimmer, and the Judges were ( apt. Hose of the Floyd Rifles, Cspt. Shelton, and Lieut. Rodgei*, late of the Georgia Regiment m !• xu <>. The award waa iutuvor ot the Second Platoon. \YV are requested however by the committee, to egprem their high appreciation of the *kdl exhibited by belli ol th * the contestants and lo Mate that they bad much dith - ] cuity in arriving at a conclusion, no nearly did a major - ity of both platoons approach to perteorion in their did! Indeed, we but speak the undivided opinion of ad pres ent, when we say, that the exhibition of skill g v n c the invasion, would Imvedoiie credit to veteran* of th. the regular army. We are pleased to stale, what must lie plain torvery one, that this corps mat present nioi prosperous -ban at any previous period oi iitexintencc Indeed, this is equally due oi tin* Floyd Rifles, who ou the occasion of their late Anniversary made a iiwm imposing np|ieamnce. Our citizens have really in ie reason lor congratulation, on account ol the spirit an! energy at present.exhibited by both the— line Coin pauiea. It is but simple justice to say, that m number hi general neatness ol np|ierance and in thorough de oipiine, they cannot l te surpassed in thi* Bute. Anew npirit has been iniueed into both officer* mid men, ano a must generou* nnd conimendnble rivalry, is rlicrinhe* between the companies as *uch, and their iudividu > members. Our friends ol the Savannah press, are iu tlie habit < I boastiry frequently, and w# believe justly.tf ihe skill discipline and appearance of tie itverul corps of that City. We would like to sec ttie matter fairly tes ted, and therefore propose that arrangement* be made I* r trial of skill between the M icon Corps and any two of the Savannah Companies, (Rifle and Infantry of course.) The contest to ‘come off at such time and place,and before anch judges as may be agreed upon ‘ What siy you, gentlemen of the Seaboard ? Still another decline in Cotton. The private advices by the Acadia, indicate u still further decline in cotton. Fair Georgia Upland* are i rated at 41 and. lo diJ per pound. The state of trade in the manufacturing districts was dreadfully depressed nnd *nl- * of manufactured goods were dull even at rc- I iced prices. Tlk revolution* on the continent, had checked sales there and the fierce excitement in England and Ireland had alarmed capitalist* so that they were unwilling to adventure their money in cotton specula tion*. ‘i’he r*nsequ* nee of all thi* is that the foreign man ufactories, which the Southern planters have been per suaded, by shallow politicians, to foster and patronize are now powerless; and those ol c ur own country,which have as constantly been warred against, cannot con sume the raw material even if they were to buy it. — Brices have consequently given way every where and the poor planters, who have been duped and bam boozled will-. visions of free trade, are the swindled parties. Mr Polk nnd Mr. Marcy arc boasting that the country is flooded with foreign goods nnd their ul ies in congress are rejoicing that the receipt* in the Treasury are as great ns was predicted ! \ erily this i* fine consolation for the hard handed billers of the soil—for the men who are now realiz *ng only ,/foe cents per pound for that on which Demo cracy o year ago was offering to insure them ten and even twelve and a half cents ! Here is a specimen ol the political wisdom of the men now in power. The time is last approaching for a general settlement of ac counts with ofti political opponents and a learful reck oning it will be when the Southern planters come to es t mate their ruinous losses upon cotton and heir utter inability to meet the taxation which is almost certain to follow tlie Mexican war. Suppose & difleient policy had been adopted year* since by the American government—suppose our man ufacturing interests had been cherished—and that now we were consuming fifteen, instead of five, hundred thousand hale* ol cotton, how different would have been the condition of the planters ? A general war in Europe would have thrown into our bunds the markets of the *ea*, and the very disasters of the old world would have served only to enrich us by increasing the demand lor our manufactories elsewhere, and enhan cing the value of the raw material at home. We trust that these hints may be improved by the people ol the South, who ofali others, have the deepeal interest i: the cMoblishinent and support of a judicious system of manufacture:*. America from, her very iso lati’ n,ha* peculiar advantaged far carry ng such a sys tem into successful operation. Remove” 1 from the in flnences of royalty,with a safe and stable government, we would become the natural place of refuge lor the capita lists of the old world, who would bring thither millions of money rescued from the fiery revolutions of Europe. To thi* would succeed a better clan of emi grants—the’ industrious and thrifty portion of the rnid ilie classes—the operatives and artizens—who may have gathered a little competency from the toil of years.— Jii thi* way our institutions, our industrial pursuits, our commerce and our general prosperity would be ad vanced nrare than a century in less than a score of years. But suppose the opposite system to prevail, how differ ent the result! If the policy ol the government is not expatfsive in proportion to the influx of the labourers, the consequence must be a stagnation of business ; ev ery channel of industry will overflow, labour will fell to half the prices now paid and America instead of bettering her condition w ill only transfer to her shores the very miseries which are now- convulsing tho old world. May Convention. Tne following Delegate* have been appointed to rep resent their respective counties in the May Conven tion. Baldwin —A. H. Kenan, Miller Grieve, S. P. My rick; Bibb— J.J Gresham, T. P. Stubbs, Arthur Foster, John H. Lowe. Cobb —Archibald Howell, W. T. Winn, Dr. Clayton. Coweta— J. E. Robinson, Benj. T. Simms, Littleton M Hunnecut, Toleson Kirby. Gwinnett —Thomas W. Alexander, Dr. Ja9. Gamia ny, Joseph P. Brandon. llenry —Elijahß. Arnold, Leonard T. Doyal, Colum bus W. Smith, Archibald Brown. JMurens— Ira Stanley, Dr. C. B. Guyton, W. H. Con nelly. Mclntosh —Maj. Blue, O. C. Hopkins, J. E. Towns end. Oglethorpe— S. R. Maxwell, Clark, Taylor, W. Og ilvie,S. H. McWhorter. Richmond —ll H. Cumming, Edward Thomas, Jas’ M. Smythe, John Milledge Twiggs —l. E. Dupree, J. J. Boynton, E. E. Crocker Upson —William D. Woodson, P. W. Alexander* John M. White, Robert M. Jackson, Warren —Dr. James S. Jones, Thomas F. Persons, Col. A. Beil Andrew H. H. Dawson. Washington —Anderson Riddle, O. J. Neele, Harris Brant, William Hurst. The Presidency. The Washington correspondent of the Baltimore Patriot writ— ns follow's, under date of 16th inst. “ New candidate*, compromise candidates, are now seriously talked of by the Whigs at the seat of Gov ernment. Some are for running Crittenden and Ab bott Lawrence, while others are for running Scott and Msnguin. Some hold on for Clay, and others for Tuylor. A great change is working, at all events. You will soon see the results.” Death of Dr. .fame* Davis. The Columbia, S. Carolina papers announce the death of Dr. Jamf.s Davis, in that place, on Saturday even ing last. Dr. Davis was Surgeon of the Palmetto Regiment, and died of a lingering illness, contracted while in the discharge of his official duties. Loved and resjiected by all who knew him,his death has been the cause of much sorrow, and adds another to the many bright and brave spirits that our State has offered on the altar ol patriotism. Dr. Davis was brother in-law, to the Hon. Win. C. Preston. The Stroke ot Dcnth. Hon. Edward Everett, in his eulogy on Mr. Ad ams, mentioned the following striking circumstance : “In November, 1846, while walking with a friend in Boston, Mr Adams felt a pnrnlytick shock. Ileat once said it was the shock of death. In his journal, he made the entry—‘From this day I date my decease. I consider myself, for every useful purj>ose to myself and to my fellow-citizeoßi ns dead.’ His journal, which he had kept for more than fifty yenrs, stopped on that day Four months alterwurds he resumed it, under the head ol ‘Posthumous Memoirs,’ and he continued to serve his country another year. The evening previous to the final shock he received inthe Hall of Representatives, Id had read to him Bishop Wdbertorce’a Sermon on Time That was tlie last night he passed under his own roof.” LATER FROM MEXICO. The news from Mexico is to Uie 16th ult. Gen. Cad wnllader hail resigned, and in company with Mr Trial left the City under ati earort. Mr. Clifford arrived at the City oil the 11th, and Mr Sevier would probably arrive on the IHth or 91th. There was still no quorum ot Congress nt Querretaro, and the opinions in regard to the prospects of peace are extremely contradictory. Tht* statement of the engagement near Chthauhua given else where ia fully confirmed. Buetamen'e was at San Loin* with a considerable force. Padre Jarau t the ce Zebra ted Guerrilla Chief bad been arretted n liaetjutla It wan supposed the Court of Inquiry would djourii about the 20th. Ilnttlc near Chiliutilniti. Tlie tjuerataro ’papers have dates from Chihuahua to th<- 20th. From them we learn that a fight haa ta ken place between the American and Mexican forces id hr the i spiral ot Chihuahua. El Progreso has tlie following on the aulrfect : “ A severe conflict tin*k plnce outlie 16th ol March,at Rosales, about 60 milesfrom Chihuahua, between the Arnercan and Mexican troops. The t Governor ot the Hr ate, and all the officers in the action, were taken prisoners. The conflict commenced nt nine in the tiiorning, and continued until six in the evening. Many were killed and wounded, on both sides F< u. teen piecea of artillery, and more than a thou* s imi musket* were captured. On the 17th, (continues the acco ini) the American forces were allowed to sack the place, and accordingly drove their wagons to the hous es, and took oil'what they wanted, or what wan of any ‘ use to them.” This is the Mexican side of the story an, of, course cannot be rehearsed by them without the j old story about plunder. Another letter from Allende.be tween Chihuahua and Durango, in Los Debates, says he Amerienns were hourly expected at that and other points. (Georgia Mailufacfares. The Savannah Republican says: YVc are gratified to learn that the United States Government lias made a contract with the Milledgeville factory for the deliv ery of 300,000 yards of Cotton O.snaburgs. This con tract was made after a com par eon by a Government Agent in New York of the Milledgeville with other like fabrics from other manufactories. This is not only a high compliment to the work done in Milledgeville, but affords unquestionable proof of the remark so fre quency made, that, for obvious reasons, manufacturing in cotton can be done cheaper in Georgia than in the Northern States. —Augusta Sentinel. Hough nut! Kemly at Home. The Editor of the Port Gibson, (Mias.) Herald, has been paying a visit to General Taylor, and thus des cribes it in his paper of the 24 th ultimo : It may interest a portion of our renders to know some thing of the house and furniture ol Gen Taylor—we will therefore state that his tnnii'y reside at Baton Rouge, and are not with him at the plantation. The dwelling, which stands close to the bank of the river, is a modest white frame house, one story high, and would not at tract particular attention from the river ; hut the com fortable negro huts, and the ilea nil ness and order of ev ery thing around, would indicate to the eye of a stran ger that an energetic planter, a man ol business hab its, was the proprietor. Every thing essential is provid ed , and every thing is in its proper place and ready for immediate use. In (act, the same close attention to the most minute details, which found Ifim in the camp ever ready for the foe, is observed in the arrange ment of his plantation. Entering the house, the General rose from his desk , where he had just concluded a letter to some “anxious’’ Kentuckian, and shaking our hands heartily, handed us seats. The furniture of the room was almost as plain ns that of his tent in Mexico. In one corner stood a weather-beaten desk, which we thought we recognized as an old camp acquaintance. The other corners were occupied by a table, sola and sideboard, upon the latter of which stood glasses and a pitcher of sparkling wa ter, and‘nothing else/ No carpet covered the floor, and no mirrors hung on the walls. Either of these would have been useless articles to him. Upon the mantle stood a small china vase, containing a handsome boquet, but whether this was the gilt ot someone of the General’s lady friends, or culled from his own garden, we cannot say. Upon the floor sat a pet spaniel,gravely holding a stick in his mouth, and watching, with much apparent interest and affection, every gesture and glance of his master. During our visit he showed us a magnificent sword which he had that morning received. It was the gilt 0i the State of Kentucky. The blade was straight, and , of the finest steel, enclosed in a scabbard which we presume was of silver heavily plated with gold. The hilt was of mother of pearl, beautifully inlaid with gold and precious stones. In the top of the hilt was a large | and splendid amethyst. In one ol the bands ol the scab bard a magnificent ruby, and in the other another ame thyst. Upon the scabbard was engraved a suitable in scription and appropriate emblems. As we have lately been amused with the ravings of an abolitionist editor of Warren county, Ohio, who de nounces Gen. Taylor as a slaveholder and “trafficker in human flesh,” we will mention, for the benefit of some of his readers who will perhaps see this article, that those of Gen. Taylor’s negroes whom we saw, look healthy and happy, and we are told that they are all devotedly attached to him. In the yard of the house, on our approach, we found several little negroes and negresses romping and playing, apparently far happier, and certainly better clad, and more cleanly in their persons, than three fourths ot the white children we have seen in travelling on the National road, from Wheeling to Zanesville, in the free State of Ohio. The General told us that he had not entirely recover ed from his recent attack of neuralgia, which still slight ly affects one of his legs. With this exception he looks remarkably well,and has altogether lost the anxi | ous, care-worn expression with which we have seen his countenance clouded in Mexico. Whig Meeting in Montgomery County. A large and respectable number of the Whigs of Montgomery assembled in the Court House at Mount Vernon on the 11th mat. and organized a convention by electing Joseph Ryals Esq. as their president and appointing C. Mcßae as Secretary. Doct. C. B. Guyton of the county of Laurens being present wa9 requested by repeated calls from different parts of the house to explain the object of the meeting to the Convention which he responded to in his usual happy style, and urged upon the whigs of Montgomery their united action and the necessity of making their delegations and to be .fully and fairly represented in each of the approaching Conventions and to send their delegation untrammelled unbiassed and free laying all sectional feelings and prejudicious aside and their ac tion to be characterized by moderation concord and u nanimity which only can succeed in a triumph of the great conservative principles of the whig cause &c.— By the chaste remarks of Doct. Guyton the Whigs of Montgomery will recognize and assume renewed energy in the coming campaign talent and in him have centered their undivided confidence and esteem as a spirited Statesman and True whig. The Convention by general acclamation called upon J. J. R. Flournoy Esquire of Augusta to address their body whicli was responded to in a very brief and spir~ ited style. Moved by A. Patterson Esq. that the President of the Convention appoint a committee of five to report the names of two delegates to the convention as suit able and proper persons to represent Montgomery County in the State Convention to be assembled at Milledgeville. The President appointed as that Committee Johu Patterson, John Mcßae Sen. Samuel McAllister,W. A McLeod and John McArthur who after retiring return ed and reported through the President to the Conven tion the names of Elzu Tillman and William A. Mc- Leod as delegates to the State Convention. Moved by W. M. Richards that the president ap point a Similar committee to select and report the names of two individuals to represent Montgomery county in the District Convention to be assembled at Lumber City. The President appointed as that com mittee Thomas Darley, Thomas B. Calhoun, J. C. Clements, William Richards and A. Patterson Esqur’a who alter retiring relumed and reported to the conven tion through the president the names of Henry Woot ten and John Mcßae Juu. as delegates to the district Convention. Moved by J.J. R. Flournoy Esquire that the two Committee a appointed by the chair bevested with power to till any vacancy which may occur in either delega tion. Movsd by D. W. Morrison that the proceedings of this convention be signed by the President and Secre tary and forwarded to the Editors Savannah Repub-! hcan, Journal & Messenger (Macon Ga.) for Publica- 1 lion. Moved by J. J. R. Flournoy Esq that the Chronicle A Sentinel also the Republic ”of Augusta Ga in ad dition will please to copy. Moved by A. McGregor that the meeting now ad-’ joum. JOSEPH RYALS President. C. Mi Raf. Secretsry. Mount Verntm April ll th 1848. Whig Meeting in Oglethorpe. The Whigs of Oglethorpe have appointed Messm. Maxwell, Taylor, Oglevie and McWhorter aa delegate* to the Whig State convention and passed the following j resolutions: Htmlrrd, That in the opinion of this meeting Zach ary Taylor will prove the moat acceptable candi date lor the Presidency to the people of the UnitiMl States. We declare turn our to he choice, fiiet, becaus • he is honest; second, because he is competent, Slid lastly, because he deservti the gratitude of his fel low-citizens, lor the very peculiar *• aid und comfort” which lie lisa afforded th • ninnies of his country. A7*o/r#d,That we most ooidiaily approve the cotirse pumoed by our able Representative, the lion. A. H. Stephens, in the present Congress in session. Ne&olred, Thru n committee of twelve, composed of one from each District in the county, he appointed by the Chair so the purpose of selecting four suitable psv tons to be presented to this meeting aa fit delegate* to represent this county in the WtugCovention to meet in Milledgeville on the eerond Monday in Msy nett. Tlic Next Presidency. Augusta* April 20 1848. Mkssrs. Editors:—l hand you herewith a letter received by me from the Hon. Robert Toombs, intended, by him for publication Concurring with him as 1 do, in the preference expressed for Gen. Tay lor, and desiring that his views should he made known. 1 will feel much obliged by your publishing the letter in the Chronicle S( Sentinel. Andrew J. Miller. Hon. R. ToombS Letter. YV'asiii.wion, and. c., April 13, 1848. Df.ar Mii.lkr:—Mr. Clay’s address to the public was published hero this morning. It has given real and unconcealed pleasure to the friends of the Administra tion. It contains some things that had better not been written at all, and many others that ought not to have been written by Mr. Cloy. It discloses his strong desire for the nomination, and furnishes a weak, inconclusive, nnd otherwise objectionable argument in support of it. My conviction is unshaken thut his nomination would produce the overthrow of the Whig party and secure the continuance in power of the weak, profligate, and treacherous administration of Mr. Polk. My duty to my country and my princicles, will therefore constrain ipe to oppose it. In 1844 Mr. Clay had the united and ! enthusiastic support of the whole Whig party of the Union. His friends were confident of success, and la- i bored earnestly, faithfully, and vigorously to achieve it. 1 The Democratic party was divided into fierce factions ; its Convention resulted in the overthrow of the candi date to the support of whom a majority of the delegates were pledged by their constituents, and in the nomina tion of one of the least worthy men of the party. His want of merit seems to have been the chief element of succes. Amid the strife of contending chiefs he re ceived the nomination of a party because he had been too inconsiderable a person to command the support of a faction. Yet that election resulted in the signal de feat of Mr. Clay, and the total overthrow ol his friends. The Democratic party elected Mr. Poik, by a majority of sixty-five votes in the electoral colleges, and carried two thirds of the House of Representatives. Calm and impartial men received the result as the judgement of his countrymen against Mr, Clay’s pretensions to the Presidency. Hostily to Mr. Clay was the cohesive power which held together his opponents ; they had the sagacity to perceive that he was weaker than the prin ciples of his party. They profited by this knowledge, every where, by converting the contest into a war, on the man. The unpopularity of the candidate will al ways in a greater or less degree, attach itself to the i principles he maintains, and truth is often rendered pow erless by the upopularity of its exponent. Mr. Clay’s argument in favor ol his own availability is conclusive as to his opinions on this point. I hove seen no evidence of change of public opinion favorable to Mr. Clay. His friends are devoted and enthusiastic ; they were equally so in 1844 : his enemies are still un relenting and remorseless, if is opponents are scarcely less desirous of his nomination than his most devoted friends ; they want an enemy whose strenth they have measured. If Mr. Clay coul l carry every vote he did in 1844, and the vote of New-York besides, on ac count of the admission of new States into the Union, he would still have less than a majority of the whole number. It is the most idle of all dreams to suppose he can carry Pennsylvania—her last election showed a Democratic majority of 18,000. His hopes of New- York are tounded chiefly on the divisions of his cne emies. If nothing else can heal those divisions his can didacy will do it. Tennessee voted for Mr. Clay in 1844 by a majority of something over one hundred. It is the opinion of persons having the best means of know ing popular sentiment in that State, that he cannot now get her vote. The indications of popular sentiment arc very deci dedly in favor of another. Ohio cannot be relied upon for Mr. Clay Two of her Whig representatives have declared upon the floor of Congress recently that the Whig party of that State will vote for no candidate for the Presidency who is not a Wilmot Proviso man. Others of her delegation are known to hold the same opinions. If Mr. Clay should finally conclude to sub mit to her, all the slaveholding States must necessarily be excluded from his calculation. With these facts star ing me in the face, I cannot bring my own mind to the the conclusion that Mr. Clay's electioif is probable, if even a possible event. Such, I know, from the best sources of information, is the opinion of a large majori ty of the Whig members of Congress. There is another consideration of controlling impor tance to those Whigs who really desire the success of Whig principles, as well as the election of a Whig President. If the three great “ Free States” (as Mr. Clay terms them) should cast their votes for him and elect him President, he would necessarily have the Sen . ate and most probably the House of Representatives against him during the whole of his administration Neither he nor his friends claim any increase of strength in those smaller States where we must gain support in order to change the present large Democratic majority in the Senate. His nomination would be a surrender of the Senate for the next four years. The prospect of car rying the other House would be but little better. Those three large States have in the present Congress a Whig representation far exceeding their popular strength at home. The most sanguine Whigs have no hopes of in creasing it, while prudent men look to its diminution as a certain event. Then where shall we look to supply this deficiency and give us such an increase of numbers as will secure a working majority in the House of Rep resentatives 1 Unless we can secure them somewhere success in the Presidential election would only give us place without power. The real government of the country would fall into the hands of our opponents, and we should secure but little else thau the distribution of the “ spoils f* the most embarrassing and the least de sirable of all the results of victory. Those who expect to profit by them will perhaps enter with zeal into the •truggle ; hut the contest will present but lew attrac tions to those who require higher and nobler stimulants to political activity. I purposely omit any personal objections 1 may have to the nomination or election of Mr. Clay, because I wish to avoid all questions which ffre calculated to disturb the calm judgment ol the Whig party. From these or other considerations’ the Whig party of the Union until a very recent period had directed its attention to other distinguished citizens of the Republic in connection with the Presidential elec tion. The Whig party of Georgia, in convention at Mil ledgeville in June last, unanimously nominated Gen Taylor for the Whig Pesidential candidate. The Whig Senators in the last legislature unanimously voted* lor resolutions nominating him for that office. The Mil ledgeville meeting in December last, which, 1 was in formed by the most reliable sources of information, was attended by a large majority of the Whig members of both branches of the General Assembly, with great unanimity, also nominated him. But the authority of these. different, bodies to speak for the Whig party on this subject has been questioned, and I think will be questioned, for the simple reason that no person is bound by the action of party conventions but those who choose to be. 1 refer to them as evidences of pub lic opinion furnished us by those who had the best means of knowing that opinion, and the strongest mo tives for not misrepresenting it. 1 concurred with this popular feeling in favor of General Taylor, and my opinion is unchanged. 1 believe him to be a sound Whig, equal to the crisis, and fit for the crisis. 1 have seen nothing tonhake my confidence in his principles or in the man. Since his brilliant achieve.nents attracted to himself the public attention, men of all parties have borne ample and willing testimony to the purity of his character, to his integrity ot heart, to the valor and ge nius which he has displayed ill the military service of hiscountry. But those who suppose his vie tones are the sole or even cliief ingredient of his }H>pulurity, under stand but little of this great popular move. While the brilliancy of General Taylor's military career attracted the attention and excited the admiration of nis coun trymen, his moral qualities won their hearts. They mi ! mire the soldier, but love the man. They behold in him a successful General, with a character unstained by a single act of violence, disobedience to law, cruelty or injustice. One who, while repelling injustice with firmmss. submits to authority with dignity imd calm- m as. Men but deceive themselves who imagine that the posseasioii of civil qualifications in incompatible with military genius. Such is not the truth of history or the judgmentof mankind. Those qualities which arc requisite ibr the civil magistrate may aa well be displayed and practiced in lie* command of armies on the battle field ns in the corn in and of party legions on tic hustings or in the legislative halls. Wisdom, Justice, and Moderation •re the great essential qualities we want ill the ruler of a free people. These noble characteristics have mark ed snd illustrated every step of Gen. Taylor's progress jhrough life. Much of his life has been spent remote rum the habitations of civtliiod men, protecting the homes and firesides of our frontier population. To the remote forest, to the distant and vast prairie, to the gloomy everglade, he has been called, by duty, to pri v a lion, toioil, and to danger. For for tv been standing guard under the etalf whJTV'’ country's colors. His services lmve |* tll b section cau claim him as Iter exclusive 1 *” lmvm K been under the stars ami Htriues— h. • . * 00 “‘ of the Republic. ** the child The great objection to him seem, to he so,, harness docs not ht him w-ll Such , , pon V the fact. A Whig in principle, r( .f “ U , ndoubl "<r a civil warfare against one half of his e0n,,,. the principle of rewarding ,] le oth(v l <*> spmlsor victory. He refuses m bind hi., ,r llie those with those with whom lie tieneralls ‘ V ' nto pledges which may impair hi. t b ? try. He demands thelrgest liberty to nurs,,. r°"“’ ed thegreat est good of his country ‘ T ANARUS, commend him to tuny approbation „„d , u n°t regarded the opinions which have | lC en ‘ h ° Vr lured lor Gen. Taylor by either Ins Whig or | ) n ’ ,n",uc ic enemies, or both combined. The conntr ”"° crM ’ to hear himself in due season, in referenc* e * Pec ' s opinions. 1 have an abiding confidence that d° ‘ KfS ° expectation will not be disappointed. lhai JMt 1 am, very respectfully, yours, ■ TOOMBS. <;en. Taylor's real Position, The following highly important letter from r Taylor settles beyond all dispute his personal .T"*’ lilicnl position. It iswr.flen to hisbrother-in-l, r’ Allison, nnd the General pretty platnly inti mZ,T it is the Inst with which he intends to troohl,. ™” lie. He evidently regords the Presidency „s a * P “ l ‘ ol too much dignity lobe sot,gin after and with h “ teristic modesty, declares his indifference , suit. *•> the, e . The editor of the .Yew Orltons Pi ton Wlow . tt was confided lor pub lcniion accompanies,, , following remarks: “ wuh ‘be ‘Tt will be seen that Gen. Taylor reiterate, hns so often before been declared, that he , , but not an ultra one. He rejects, in the slcrntsl J 1 *’ the idea ot a President of the United States being nmre instrument of party. He will not consent ton, ‘ office as a propagandist. He is for taking the tut,on ns a guide rather than the creeds of convent, or tlie dicta of political clubs. He is f or | Pav Congress the thing, which belong to the legislative? partment. and confining the Executive to the m ,„ entrusted to hint by the constitution. He refus--’ * change his attitude towards the Presidency in any jocular-leaving tt to those who obtamed his conwn. to be a candidate for that office to do in the premise, what shall seem to them best.’’ al “Weregmd this document as not only interesting to Gen. Taylor s friends, but important to the public at lnrge as embodying sound political truths. The moat momentous topic embraced in it is the relative positions and duties of the legislative and executive departments It must be conceded that the increasing deference paid by Congress to the will of the Executive has been re garded by many of our wisest statesmen with alarm, and the implied obligation of the President to carry out the views of the nominating convention has at times seriously interfered with his independence and impaired his ability to do good. It was never cuntem plated by the framers of the constitution that a Presi dent should t>e trammelled by pledges or bound down to a party manifesto which is generally drawn up with reference to accidental states of public feeling or topics of transient excitement; much less did it enter the mind of our revolutionary patriots that Congress shouid in any wise be subservient to the Executive or control!, ed by the opinions of his Cabinet. In so far as the N tional Legislature is warped by the influence or the per suasion of power, does Congress fall from the dignified j position assigned it by the constitution.” “But we shall not detain the reader with comment up on a paper which will attract universal attention.” Baton Rouge, April 22, 1848 Dear .Sir—My opinions have recently been so oft-n misconceived and misrepresented, that I deem it due to myself, if not to my friends, to make a brief expo sition ol them upon the topics to which you have cai.ed my attention. I have consented to the use of my name as a candi date for the Presidency. 1 have frankly avowed my own distrust of my fitness for that high station ; but ha v tng, at the solicitation of many of my countrymen, ta ken my position as a candidate, I do not feel at liberty 1 to surrender that position until my Iriends manifest & wish that I should retire from it. I will then mostg.ad ly do so. I have no private purposes to accomplish, no party projects to build up, no enemies to punifeii—noth ing to serve but my count i y. I have been very olten addressed by letter, and my opinions have been asked upon almost every question, that might occur to the writers as affecting the internal of their country or their party. 1 have not always re sponded to these inquiries, for various reasons. I confess, whilst 1 have great cardinal principles which will regulate my political life, I am not suffici ently familiar with all the minute details of political le gislation to give solemn pledges to exert my influence, it I were President, to carry out this or defeat that measure. I have no concealment. I hold no opinion which 1 would not readily proclaim to my assembled countrymen; but crude impressions upon matters or policy, which may be right to-day and wrong to-mor row, are, perhaps, not the best test oi fitness for ofli* One who cannot be trusted without pledges cannot fa confided in merely on account of them. 1 will proceed, however, now to respond to your in quiries. First. —l reiterate what I have olten said—l am a \\ r hig, but not an ultra Whig, II elected I would ntf lie the mere President of a party. I would endeavor to act independent of party domination. I should M bound to administer the Government untrammelled fa party schemes. Second. —The veto power. The power giver by tfa const'tution to the Executive to interpose his veto, si high conservative power; but in my opinion shod never be exercised except in cases of clear violation i the constitution, or manifest haste and want of consul’ eration by Congress. Indeed, I have thought that W many years past the known opinions and wishes ol as Executive have exercised undue and injurious upon the legislative department of the Government, and for this cause I have thought our system wu u danger of undergoing a great change from its true thw ry. The personal opinions of the individual i chormn happen to occupy the Executive chair, ought sol t control the action of Congress upon questions of 4* me stir policy; nor ought his objections to be'mW* ed w Here questions of constitutional power hsv* r ‘ ,(t settled y the various departments of the Govern suit and acquiesced in by the people. Thtrd —Upon the subject of the tariff, the carrrWT the improvement of our great highways, rivers. und harbors, the will of the people, aa expressed their Representatives in Congress, ought to b* Ttt^ ecl ed and carried out by the Executive. Fourth.^ The Mexican war 1 sincerity W** the prospect of peace My life has been devoted to trmi yet 1 look upon war at all times and under all c,rcu ® stances as a nutional calamity, to be avoided and ‘ l,:1 patible with national honor. The principle 0 Government as well as its true jtoliry are opposed subjugation of other nations and the dismembering of other countries by eunquett. In the language oi 1 great Washington, “Why should we quit our °* r stand on foreign ground.” In the Meiican war <>ur tioual honor has been vindicated, amply V^ C *! W nnd in dictating terms of pence we may well* Ik? forbearing and even magnanimous to our fcjk® These nre my opinions upon the subjects refers* by you ; and any reports or publication*. wr ’ tW |V verbal, from any source, differing in a**y essenti* 1 ticular from what i here written, arc unouthunx‘ untrue. , I do not know that I shall again write upon |i’ ject of national polities. 1 shall engage in no ** 1 no combinations, no jnttigue*. If the America” , pie have not confidence in tne they ought not t‘ me their suffrages. If they do not, you know enough to believe me when 1 declare I *bal * c I am too old n soldier to murmur ngainst sue thority. * To Capt. J. B. Allison. Exposure to th? sun. . un . There are few point* whicli *•*■* **‘ ,l *** l ‘ ,^ n derstuod, or mote clearly proved, than * * an exposure to the sun, without eicici* “ u ‘. * >fl j tb*t create tree perspiiation, will produce pMr ci*- the mine exposure to the sun, with sufncieo will not produce illness. Let any man * r*P 1 w jj| he will awake perspiring, and very ill i P* r # . mfßt die. Let the some man dig in the sun or length of time, and he will perspire ten ti and be quite well. The fact i*. that not on X p fo . rnya of the aun, but the heat ol the almost duce abundance of bile, and poweriu ,^4 will carry off that bile. — Vopular Error*